WO2012155952A1 - Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker - Google Patents
Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012155952A1 WO2012155952A1 PCT/EP2011/057792 EP2011057792W WO2012155952A1 WO 2012155952 A1 WO2012155952 A1 WO 2012155952A1 EP 2011057792 W EP2011057792 W EP 2011057792W WO 2012155952 A1 WO2012155952 A1 WO 2012155952A1
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- contact element
- nominal
- arcing
- circuit breaker
- arcing contact
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
- H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
- H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
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- Circuit Breakers (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
A gas insulated type circuit breaker (1) comprises a housing (4) defining a gas volume for a dielectric insulation gas; a first nominal contact element (42) and a second nominal contact element (52) adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting a nominal current between them, wherein the first nominal contact element (42) is movable along an axis (2) of the circuit breaker, and the second nominal contact element (52) is fixed relative to the housing (4); a first arcing contact element (62) and a second arcing contact element (72) adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting an arcing current between them, wherein the first arcing contact element (62) and the second arcing contact element (72) are movable along the axis (2); a first gear (20) coupling the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) to each other such that for circuit breaking the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) are both moved in a first direction along the axis (2); and a second gear (30) coupling the second arcing contact element (72) to one of the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) such that for circuit breaking the second arcing contact element (72) moves in a second direction along the axis (2) opposite to a first direction.
Description
Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker
Aspects of the invention relate to a circuit breaker, in particular a gas insulated type circuit breaker. Further aspects relate to such a circuit breaker having a gas insulation housing, a pair of nominal contacts and a pair of arcing contacts. Further aspects relate to a method of breaking an electrical circuit by a gas insulated circuit breaker, and to a High- Voltage or Medium- Voltage switchgear.
Technical background: A gas insulated type circuit breaker is an electrical device which is provided on an electrical line to safely interrupt (break) a current, either in a normal switching operation under normal current, or when a fault current such as ground fault or short circuit occurs. The gas insulated type circuit breaker has a housing containing a dielectric gas such as sulphur hexafluoride (SF6), which insulates the voltage-carrying components from one another and from ground voltage, and which reduces the risk of high- voltage breakdown in a compact housing.
The circuit breaker has two nominal contact elements, which are arranged such that during normal operation in a closed state of the circuit breaker, the normal current (rated up to a nominal current value) is mainly transported through these nominal contact elements.
When the circuit breaker breaks a current, i.e. performs a trip operation, during a first phase the nominal contact elements are separated from one another (by moving e.g. one of the nominal contacts), whereby the current is commutated to two arcing contact elements, which are still in contact with one another during the first phase. Shortly thereafter, during a second phase, also the arcing contact elements are separated, whereby an electric arc develops. Then, during a third phase, the arcing contact elements are further separated from one another, and a portion of the dielectric gas is ejected towards the arc for extinguishing the arc.
The circuit breaker may include a fixed side and a movable side, so that for separating a pair of contacts only one of the contacts is moved while the other one is fixed. Alternatively, there are circuit breakers for which contacts on both sides are movable. An example for such a circuit breaker, called herein a full double-motion circuit breaker, is shown in DE 19730583.
This circuit breaker has two movable sides, each side having a nominal contact and an arcing contact. On each side, the nominal contact and arcing contact are rigidly connected to each other so that both contacts of the respective side always move at the same speed. Therefore, a large mass has to be moved for breaking a current. Hence, such a double-motion breaker has a relatively long break time. Further, EP 1211726 describes a switchgear in which a main contact is connected to an arcing contact so that the main contact always moves at the same speed as the arcing contact. Also, it is generally desirable to have a switchgear that allows a coordinated motion of the contacts in a way that is favourable from a dielectric point of view. As can be seen from the above discussion, there is a need for an improved circuit breaker having a shorter break time.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above, a circuit breaker according to claim 1, a switchgear according to claim 14, and a method according to claim 15 are provided. Further advantages, features, aspects and details that can be combined with embodiments described herein are evident from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings.
According to a first aspect, a gas insulated type circuit breaker comprises a housing defining a gas volume for a dielectric insulation gas; a first nominal contact element and a second nominal contact element adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting a nominal current between them, wherein the first nominal contact element is movable along an axis of the circuit breaker, and the second nominal contact element is fixed relative to the housing; a first arcing contact element and a second arcing contact element adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting an arcing current between them, wherein the first arcing contact element and the second arcing contact element are movable along the axis; a first gear coupling the first nominal contact element and the first arcing contact element to each other such that for circuit breaking the first nominal contact element and the first arcing contact element are both moved in a first direction along the axis; and a second gear coupling the second arcing contact element to one of the first nominal contact element and the first arcing contact element such that for circuit breaking the second arcing contact element moves in a second direction along the axis opposite to the first direction. Herein, when it is stated that for circuit breaking two elements are both moved in a same direction, this does not imply that the motion in the same direction must be established during the entire circuit breaking. It is sufficient that the
elements move in the same direction during some portion of the circuit breaking, e.g. more than 50% of the time or even more than 80% of the time; or, e.g., 50% or even 80% of the path of the element driving the gear connecting the two elements.
According to a second aspect, a method of breaking an electrical circuit by a gas insulated circuit breaker is provided. The method comprises moving, by a drive unit, a driven contact element in a first direction along an axis of the circuit breaker, the driven contact element being one of a first nominal contact element and a first arcing contact element of the circuit breaker, transmitting the movement of the driven contact element, by a first gear coupling the first nominal contact element and the first arcing contact element to each other, to the other one of the first nominal contact element and the first arcing contact element, thereby moving the other contact element in the first direction along the axis, transmitting the movement of the driven contact element, by means of a second gear coupling a second arcing contact element of the circuit breaker to the driven contact element, thereby moving the second arcing contact element in a second direction along the axis opposite to the first direction, separating the first nominal contact element from a second nominal contact element which is held at a fixed position relative to a housing of the circuit breaker throughout the entire circuit breaking; and separating the first arcing contact element from the second arcing contact element.
Since both arcing contacts are movable, a high relative speed between the arcing contacts may be obtained with relatively less work from the driving source as compared to a circuit breaker for which only one of the contacts is moved. Further, since the second nominal contact is fixed, the moved masses are reduced compared to a full double-motion circuit breaker. Further, especially due to the first gear, the speeds of the contacts may be selected and, in particular, be preselected, individually, thus allowing an advantageous movement of the contacts.
Brief description of the Figures:
More details will be described in the following with reference to the figures, wherein
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of a circuit breaker according to a first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional side view of portions of a circuit breaker according to a second embodiment; and
Figs. 3a to 3e are schematic enlarged side views of contact elements of a circuit breaker during different phases of breaking a current.
Detailed description of the Figures and of embodiments:
Reference will now be made in detail to the various embodiments, one or more examples of which are illustrated in each figure. Each example is provided by way of explanation and is not meant as a limitation. For example, features illustrated or described as part of one embodiment can be used in or in conjunction with any other embodiment to yield yet a further embodiment. It is intended that the present disclosure includes such modifications and variations.
Within the following description of the drawings, the same reference numbers refer to the same or to similar components. Generally, only the differences with respect to the individual embodiments are described. Unless specified otherwise, the description of a part or aspect in one embodiment applies to a corresponding part or aspect in another embodiment, as well.
With reference to Fig. 1, a circuit breaker 1 according to a first embodiment will be described. The circuit breaker 1 is of the gas-insulated type and correspondingly has a housing 4, which defines a gas volume for a dielectric insulation gas. The housing 4 allows the insulation gas to be held therein in an gas-tight manner. Further, the circuit breaker 1 has a first nominal contact assembly 40, a second nominal contact assembly 50, a first arcing contact assembly 60 and a second arcing contact assembly 70. All these elements and more elements described herein are, according to the first embodiment, arranged inside the housing 4.
The first nominal contact assembly 40 is cylindrically shaped and has a first nominal contact element 42, typically at an end thereof. Likewise, the second nominal contact assembly 50 is cylindrically shaped and has a second nominal contact element 52, typically at an end thereof. The contact elements 42, 52 can be parts of the cylindrically shaped contact assemblies and may, e.g., be surface-treated or otherwise adapted in a known manner, e.g. by spring members, for improving the contact and for reducing contact resistance.
When the circuit breaker is closed, as shown in Fig. 1, the first and second nominal contact elements 42, 52 are in direct mechanical and electrical contact with each other, for carrying a nominal current between them. In contrast, when the circuit breaker has been opened (details regarding the opening are described further below), the first and second nominal contact elements 42, 52 are separated from one another, and thereby the electrical contact is interrupted. In this manner, the nominal contact elements are adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting a nominal current between them, i.e. carrying the current when the circuit breaker is in a closed configuration and interrupting it when the circuit breaker is in an open configuration. The first arcing contact assembly 60 has a first arcing contact element 62, which is shaped e.g. as a tulip, and is typically arranged at an end thereof. Likewise, the second arcing contact assembly 70 has a second arcing contact element 72, which is shaped e.g. as a rod, and is typically arranged at an end thereof. Furthermore, a nozzle system 64, in particular a self- blasting nozzle system 64, is present, which can typically be connected to the first arcing contact assembly 60, so that the self-blasting nozzle system 64 is jointly movable along the axis 2 with the first arcing contact element 62.
The first and second nominal contact elements 42, 52 and the first and second arcing contact elements 62, 72 can advantageously be arranged co-axially about an axis 2 of the circuit breaker. The first nominal contact element 42, the first arcing contact element 62 and the second arcing contact element 72 are movable along the axis 2, along with their respective contact assemblies 40, 60, 70.
Furthermore, a drive unit 10 is connected, e.g. via a rod 12, to the first nominal contact assembly 40 and thereby to the first nominal contact element 42. Thereby, for circuit breaking the drive unit 10 can pull, via the rod 12, the first nominal contact element 42 to the left. A first gear 20 couples the first nominal contact assembly 40 to the first arcing contact assembly 60, and thereby the first nominal contact element 42 to the first arcing contact element 62. The first gear 20 couples the first nominal contact element 42 to the first arcing contact element 62 in such a manner that when the first nominal contact element 42 is pulled to the left, the first arcing contact element 62 is also pulled to the left. In other words, the first gear 20 has a positive transmission ratio, at least for some position of the first nominal contact element 42, and possibly for all positions.
Furthermore, a second gear 30 couples, e.g. via a rod 14, the second arcing contact element 72 to the first arcing contact element 62 (preferably via the blast nozzle system 64, as shown in Fig. 1). The second gear 30 has a negative transmission ratio, such that when the first arcing contact element 62 is moved to the left, the second arcing contact element 72 is moved to the right and vice versa, respectively.
Thus, the drive unit 10 is connected, e.g. via the rod 12, to the first nominal contact element 42 and is coupled, e.g. via the gear 20, to the first arcing contact element 62. Further, the drive unit 10 is also coupled, via the first gear 20 and the second gear 30, to the second arcing contact element 72. On the other hand, the second nominal contact element 52 (and the entire second contact assembly 50) is fixed relative to the housing 4, as is schematically indicated by the shaded portion in Fig. 1.
The drive unit 10 is provided at that side of the circuit breaker 1, on which the first nominal contact element 42 and the first arcing contact element 62 are provided. In other words, the first nominal contact element 42 is located, along the axis 2, more towards or closer to the drive unit 10 than the second nominal contact element 52, and the first arcing contact element 62 is located more towards or closer to the drive unit 10 than the second arcing contact element 72.
Fig. 1 shows the circuit breaker in a closed state. In this closed state, the first arcing contact element 62, here e.g. a tulip contact 62, and the second arcing contact element 72, here e.g. a rod contact 72, are in direct mechanical and electrical contact with each other.
For opening the circuit breaker, the drive unit 10 pulls, e.g. via the rod 12, the first nominal contact element 42 towards the left, or more generally speaking in a first direction. Therefore, the first nominal contact element 42 is also referred to as the driven contact element 42. By this movement, the first nominal contact element 42 is separated from the second nominal contact element 52. At this time, the arcing contact elements 62, 72 are still in mechanical and electrical contact with each other, and a current is commutated from the nominal contact elements 42, 52 to the arcing contact elements 62, 72.
The first gear 20 couples the movement of the first nominal contact element 42 to the first arcing contact element 62, which is thereby also pulled towards the left, i.e. towards the first direction. Simultaneously, via the second gear 30 coupling the second arcing contact element
72 to the first arcing contact element 62, the second arcing contact element 72 is pulled in the opposite direction, i.e. to the right, or more generally speaking in a second direction. Thereby, a (short) time after the separation of the nominal contact elements 42, 52, the first arcing contact element 62 is separated from the second arcing contact element 72. An arc appearing between the arcing contact elements 62, 72 is then extinguished within the nozzle system 64 by gas blowing in a manner recognizable by the person skilled in the art.
During the entire opening procedure of the circuit breaker, the second nominal contact element 52 is held at a fixed position relative to the housing 4. As an advantage of this arrangement, because the second nominal contact element 52 is fixed, the reaction forces acting on the driving unit 10 are reduced. Thereby, the kinetic energy necessary for highspeed operation is reduced. Also, the mechanical reliability of the interrupter is improved.
When the circuit breaker 1 has been opened, the nominal contact elements 42, 52 and the arcing contact elements 62 and 72 are separated from one another, and an arc between the arcing contact elements 62 and 72 has been extinguished. Thus, the electrical contact is interrupted.
Next, exemplary embodiments of the first and second gears 20, 30 are described in more detail. As shown in Fig. 1, the first gear 20 is a pivot gear having a lever 21 which is mounted to the housing 4 pivotably about a pivot axis 22. In Fig. 1 it is exemplarily assumed that lever 21, as well as below mentioned lever 31, are two-armed levers with a fixed angle between their lever arms. A linkage 23 is pivotably mounted at one lever arm 24a, in particular end 24a, to the lever 21, and at the other end 24b to the first nominal contact assembly 40. A further linkage 25 is pivotably mounted at one other lever arm 26a, in particular end 26a, to the lever 21, and at the other end 26b to the first arcing contact assembly 60. The second gear 30 is provided in an analogous manner, with a lever 31 mounted to the housing 4 pivotably about a pivot axis 32, a linkage 33 pivotably mounted at one lever arm 34a, in particular end 34a, to the lever 31 and at the other end 34b to a rod 14, and with a further linkage 35 pivotably mounted at one other lever arm 36a, in particular end 36a, to the lever 31, and at the other end 36b to the second arcing contact assembly 70.
The first gear 20 and the second gear 30 shown in Fig. 1 have variable transmission ratios, i.e. transmission ratios that depend on the positions of the elements coupled via the gears 20, 30. The transmission ratio of a gear is defined as the distance by which the unit driving the gear moves, divided by the distance by which the unit driven by the gear moves. Herein,
infinitesimally small distances are used, and distances in the first direction along the axis are positive and distances in the opposite direction are negative. For example, the transmission ratio of the first gear 20 is the distance by which the first arcing contact assembly 60 is moved, divided by the distance by which the first nominal contact assembly 40 is moved. In particular, the transmission ratio of the first gear 20, also referred to as first transmission ratio, varies with the position of the first nominal contact element 42 and/or of the first arcing contact element 62 along the axis 2. Similarly, the transmission ratio of the second gear 30, also referred to as second transmission ratio, varies with the position of the first nominal contact element 42 and/or of the second arcing contact element 62 along the axis 2. In the first gear 20, the ends 22, 26a and 26b essentially form a straight line in the closed position shown in Fig. 1. When the circuit breaker 1 is opened and the first nominal contact assembly 40 is pulled to the left, the lever 21 is pivoted counter-clockwise such that the first arcing contact assembly 60 is pulled to the left by the first gear 20. Thus, the first gear 20 couples the first nominal contact element 42 and the first arcing contact element 62 to each other such that the first nominal contact element 42 and the first arcing contact element 62 are moved in the same direction (here to the left) during the entire circuit breaking. In other words, the first gear 20 has a positive (or possibly temporarily zero) transmission ratio during the entire circuit breaking.
This embodiment illustrates a further general aspect, in that the transmission ratio of the first gear 20 is gradually increasing during the circuit breaking. In the first gear 20, the geometry of the lever 21 and the linkages 23, 25 is chosen such that the transmission ratio is small at first, i.e. in the beginning the arcing contact assembly 60 is moved by a small distance only. With the first nominal contact assembly 40 moving to the left, the transmission ratio gradually increases. In particular, as a general aspect, the first nominal contact 42 may move with higher velocity than the arcing contacts 62, 72 (gear ratio < 1), until the current is commutated from the nominal contact elements 42, 52 to the arcing contact elements 62, 72. Since the relative speed of the nominal contacts 42, 52 is higher than that of the arcing contacts 62, 72, the arcing contact elements 62, 72 can be separated from each other after the nominal contact elements 42, 52 without needing to have a long overlap of the arcing contact elements 62, 72 along the axial direction. This means a shorter break time and a decrease of friction force during opening and closing operation can be achieved.
As a further advantage of the gradually increasing transmission ratio, the main phases of accelerating the nominal contact element 42 and of accelerating the arcing contact element 62 occur at different times, i.e. in different time windows, so that an efficient acceleration can be achieved even with a limited power of the drive unit 10. In a particularly advantageous embodiment, a circuit breaking operation can be achieved within two AC cycles.
The first and second gears 20 and 30 are shown by example only. Other types of gears coupling two linear movements can be used instead of the lever-type first and second gears 20 and 30 shown in Fig. 1.
The rod 14 which drives the gear 30 is connected to the blast nozzle system 64. Herein, if it is stated that one element is connected to another element, this does not necessarily mean that the elements are directly attached to one another. Instead, it can also mean that the elements are connected via intermediate elements. For example, since the rod 12 is connected to the blast nozzle system 64, the rod 14 may equally be regarded as being connected to the first arcing contact element 62, since the arcing contact element 62 is itself connected to the blast nozzle system 64. Likewise, when it is stated herein that e.g. a gear couples a first element and a second element to each other, this includes the case that the gear couples an element connected to the first element and an element connected to the second element to each other.
Alternatively, instead of being connected to the first arcing contact element 62 or to some part connected thereto, the rod 14 can also be connected to the rod 12 or (equivalently in the embodiment of Fig. 1) to the first nominal contact assembly 40 and thereby to the first nominal contact element 42.
Fig. 2 shows a portion of a circuit breaker according to a second embodiment. The circuit breaker is similar to the circuit breaker of Fig. 1, except for the first gear 20. For a description of the other elements, reference is made to Fig. 1 and the description thereof. In Fig. 2, the first gear 20 is dimensioned such that in a first phase of circuit breaking (first movement of the first nominal contact element 42 to the left with associated counter-clockwise pivoting of the lever 21), the first arcing contact element 62 is moved to the right. Only after the lever 21 has pivoted to a degree such that the joint 26a has moved past the line connecting the joints 22 and 26b, i.e. past the axis 2 in Fig. 2, the direction of the first arcing contact element 62 is reversed such that the first arcing contact element 62 moves to the left. In other words, the first gear 20 defines a dead point for the motion of the first arcing contact, at which the transmission ratio of the first gear 20 changes sign from negative to positive. In the
embodiment of Fig. 2, the dead point is obtained at a position of the first nominal contact element 42 which is before the separation of the first and second nominal contact elements 42 and 52 (see Fig. 1).
An advantage of this dead point is that the overlap of the arcing contact elements 62, 72 along the axial direction can be reduced even further, and that the main phases of accelerating the nominal contact element 42 and of accelerating the arcing contact element 62 can be decoupled even further, because around the dead point there is only very little acceleration of the arcing contact element 62.
Now, with reference to Figs. 3a to 3e, different phases of the movement of the contact elements 42, 52, 62 and 72 for breaking a current are shown. These phases of the movement illustrate advantageously chosen transmission ratios of the first and second gears 20 and 30 shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Fig. 3a shows the circuit breaker in a closed configuration, analogous to the configuration of Figs. 1 and 2. Therein, the nominal contact elements 42, 52 are in contact with one another, and also the arcing contact elements 62, 72 are in contact with one another. A current is mainly transported via the nominal contact elements 42, 52, as opposed to the arcing contact elements 62, 72.
In a first phase of the circuit breaking (movement between Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b), a speed of the first nominal contact element 42 is faster than a speed of the first arcing contact element 62, and correspondingly the first nominal contact element 42 has moved a sizable distance with respect to the second nominal contact element 52, whereas there is almost no relative movement between the arcing contact elements 62 and 72.
In the configuration shown in Fig. 3b, the nominal contact elements 42, 52 are separating from one another and any remaining current which has flown between them is commutated to the arcing contact elements 62, 72.
In a second phase of the movement between Figs. 3b and 3c, the arcing contact elements 62 and 72 have been accelerated considerably and are separated from one another at high velocity: Now, the relative velocity between the arcing contact elements 62 and 72 becomes higher than the velocity of the first nominal contact element 42. As the arcing contact elements 62 and 72 are separated from one another, an electric arc (not shown) develops between them.
The relatively fast movement of the first and second arcing contacts 62, 72 is continued during a third phase leading to Fig. 3d. Also, the electric arc (not shown) is being extinguished by the blast nozzle system . Also the motion of the first nominal contact element 42 away from the second nominal contact element 52 is continued at the relatively low speed as compared to the speed, and in particular relative speed, of the arcing contacts 62, 72.
Fig. 3e shows the circuit breaker in a fully open position, in which the nominal contact elements 42, 52 as well as the arcing contact elements 62, 72 are maximally separated from one another, and in which the arc has been extinguished.
Figs. 3a to 3e also illustrate some general advantageous aspects of the embodiment: Namely, at a first time (e.g. the time of Fig. 3c), the first nominal contact element 42 is moved farther towards the first direction than the first arcing contact element 62. Thereafter, during a second time (e.g. the time of Fig. 3e), the first arcing element 62 is moved equally or farther towards the first direction than the first nominal contact element 42. This reflects the non-constant transmission ratio of the first gear 20. Thereby, the electrical field at the arcing contact elements 62, 72 is exposed during the making of the arc, but is shielded thereafter such that the risk of subsequent high-voltage breakdown is reduced. In other words, the movement of the contacts is coordinated, in particular due to the first gear 20, in such a way that dielectrically desirable properties at each stage of movement are obtained.
As a further general aspect, in a final position (see Fig. 3e), the second arcing contact element 72 is moved further to the second direction than the second nominal contact element 52. As a further general aspect, the second arcing contact element 72 is positioned further to the second direction than the second nominal contact element 52 during at least from the time of arc formation or even during the entire circuit breaking. This again leads to favourable dielectric shielding of the retracted second arcing contact element 72 by the radially surrounding and axially protruding second nominal contact element 52.
The circuit breaker 1 described herein is particularly advantageous for High- Voltage or Medium- Voltage applications. Herein, medium voltage is defined as a voltage above lkV, and high voltage is defined as a voltage above e.g. 35 kV, such as 52 kV and more.
While the foregoing is directed to embodiments, other and further embodiments may be devised without departing from the basic scope determined by the claims.
For example, the embodiments shown in Figs. 1 and 2 may be varied in that the rod 12 connects the drive unit 10 to the first arcing contact element 62, instead of connecting the drive unit 10 to the first nominal contact element 42 as in Fig. 1. Then, the drive unit 10 drives the first arcing contact element 62 directly and the first nominal contact element 42 indirectly via the first gear 20. Also, independently thereof, the rod 14 may connect the second gear 30 to the first arcing contact element 62, instead of connecting it to the rod 12 as mentioned with respect to Fig. 1. Then the second gear 30 couples the second arcing contact element 72 to the first arcing contact element 62. Furthermore, while the first arcing contact element 62 has been shown in the shape of a tulip and the second arcing contact element 72 has been shown in the shape of a rod, different shapes may also be used. For example, the first arcing contact element 62 can be a rod and the second arcing contact element 72 can be a tulip.
Claims
1. Gas-insulated type circuit breaker (1) comprising
- a housing (4) defining a gas volume for a dielectric insulation gas;
- a first nominal contact element (42) and a second nominal contact element (52) adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting a nominal current between them, wherein the first nominal contact element (42) is movable along an axis (2) of the circuit breaker (1), and the second nominal contact element (52) is fixed relative to the housing (4);
- a first arcing contact element (62) and a second arcing contact element (72) adapted for selectively carrying or interrupting an arcing current between them, wherein the first arcing contact element (62) and the second arcing contact element (72) are movable along the axis
(2);
- a first gear (20) coupling the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) to each other such that for circuit breaking the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) are both moved in a first direction along the axis (2); and
- a second gear (30) coupling the second arcing contact element (72) to one of the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) such that for circuit breaking the second arcing contact element (72) moves in a second direction along the axis (2) opposite to a first direction.
2. Circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the first gear (20) has a first transmission ratio that varies with the position of the first nominal contact element (42) along the axis (2).
3. Circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the first transmission ratio is chosen such that during a first phase of the circuit breaking a speed of the first nominal contact element (42) is faster than a speed of the first arcing contact element (62), whereas during a second phase of the circuit breaking, the second phase following after the first phase, the speed of the first nominal contact element (42) is slower than the speed of the first arcing contact element (62).
4. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a first transmission ratio of the first gear (20) is set such that at least during a final phase of circuit breaking the first arcing contact element (62) is moved further towards the first direction than the first nominal contact element (42).
5. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the second gear (30) has a second transmission ratio that varies with the position of the second arcing contact element (62) along the axis (2).
6. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a drive unit (10) and a rod (12) connecting the drive unit (10) to one of the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62), such that for circuit breaking the drive unit (10) pulls, via the rod (12), the one of the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) in the first direction.
7. Circuit breaker according to claim 6, wherein the drive unit (10) is dimensioned for performing the circuit breaking operation within two AC cycles.
8. Circuit breaker according to any one of the claims 6 and 7, wherein the first nominal contact element (42) is located relative to the second nominal contact element (52) more towards the drive unit (10), and wherein the first arcing contact element (52) is located relative to the second arcing contact element (72) more towards the drive unit (10).
9. Circuit breaker according to any one of the claims 6 to 8, wherein the rod (12) connects the drive unit (10) to the first nominal contact element (42), and wherein the second gear (30) couples the second arcing contact element (72) to the first nominal contact element (42).
10. Circuit breaker according to any one of the claims 6 to 8, wherein the rod (12) connects the drive unit (10) to the first arcing contact element (52), and wherein the second gear (30) couples the second arcing contact element (72) to the first arcing contact element (52).
11. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a first transmission ratio of the first gear (20) includes a dead point for the motion of the first arcing contact (62).
12. Circuit breaker according to any one of the claims 1 to 10, wherein a first transmission ratio of the first gear (20) is set such that the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) are moved in the same direction during the entire circuit breaking.
13. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the circuit breaker is a self-blasting circuit breaker comprising an arc extinguishing nozzle (64), such as a self blasting nozzle (64) or a buffer-gas nozzle (64), and wherein the arc extinguishing nozzle (64) is attached to one of the following (a) or (b):
(a) the first arcing contact element (62) to be jointly movable along the axis (2) with the first arcing contact element (62); or
(b) the first nominal contact element (42) to be jointly movable along the axis (2) with the first nominal contact element (42).
14. Circuit breaker according to any one of the preceding claims, being adapted for medium or high voltage.
15. Method of breaking an electrical circuit by a gas insulated circuit breaker (1), the method comprising
moving, by a drive unit (10), a driven contact element in a first direction along an axis (2) of the circuit breaker (1), the driven contact element being one of a first nominal contact element (42) and a first arcing contact element (62) of the circuit breaker (1),
transmitting the movement of the driven contact element, by a first gear (20) coupling the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62) to each other, to the other one of the first nominal contact element (42) and the first arcing contact element (62), thereby moving the other contact element in the first direction along the axis (2), transmitting the movement of one of a first nominal contact element (42) and a first arcing contact element (62) by means of a second gear (30) to a second arcing contact element (72), thereby moving the second arcing contact element (72) in a second direction along the axis (2) opposite to the first direction,
separating the first nominal contact element (42) from a second nominal contact element (52) which is held at a fixed position relative to a housing (4) of the circuit breaker throughout the entire circuit breaking; and
separating the first arcing contact element (62) from the second arcing contact element (72).
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP11721282.9A EP2707891A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
| CN201180070877.2A CN103518246A (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
| PCT/EP2011/057792 WO2012155952A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
| KR1020137033124A KR20140044822A (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2011/057792 WO2012155952A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012155952A1 true WO2012155952A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
Family
ID=44626588
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2011/057792 WO2012155952A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Double-motion gas insulated type circuit breaker |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP2707891A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20140044822A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103518246A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012155952A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014096219A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Abb Technology Ag | Electrical switching device with a triple motion contact arrangement |
| DE102013200914A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching method and switching device |
| FR3001329A1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-25 | Alstom Technology Ltd | DOUBLE-MOVING CONTACTS ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A TWO-LEVER RETURN APPARATUS |
| CN104900446A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | Abb技术有限公司 | Gas damper for a high-voltage switch |
| US10043622B1 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-08-07 | Lsis Co., Ltd. | Gas-insulated switch gear using dual motion with multi-lever |
| WO2021204992A1 (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Commutating electric circuit breaker with reliable actuating mechanism and operation method thereto |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180064776A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-15 | 현대일렉트릭앤에너지시스템(주) | Gas insulated circuit breaker |
| KR20180064774A (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-15 | 현대일렉트릭앤에너지시스템(주) | Gas insulated circuit breaker |
| CN114429882B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-06-21 | 宁波天安智能电网科技股份有限公司 | Double-acting switch device |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014096219A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-26 | Abb Technology Ag | Electrical switching device with a triple motion contact arrangement |
| CN104871280A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2015-08-26 | Abb技术有限公司 | Electrical switching device with a triple motion contact arrangement |
| US9627155B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2017-04-18 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Electrical switching device with a triple motion contact arrangement |
| DE102013200914A1 (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-07-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching method and switching device |
| US9460873B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2016-10-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Switching method and switching device |
| FR3001329A1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-25 | Alstom Technology Ltd | DOUBLE-MOVING CONTACTS ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT COMPRISING A TWO-LEVER RETURN APPARATUS |
| WO2014114637A1 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2014-07-31 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Electrical apparatus with dual movement of contacts comprising a return device with two levers |
| US9543081B2 (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2017-01-10 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Electrical apparatus with dual movement of contacts comprising a return device with two levers |
| CN104900446A (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2015-09-09 | Abb技术有限公司 | Gas damper for a high-voltage switch |
| CN104900446B (en) * | 2014-03-05 | 2017-10-13 | Abb 技术有限公司 | Gas cushion for high-voltage switch gear |
| US10043622B1 (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2018-08-07 | Lsis Co., Ltd. | Gas-insulated switch gear using dual motion with multi-lever |
| WO2021204992A1 (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2021-10-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Commutating electric circuit breaker with reliable actuating mechanism and operation method thereto |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2707891A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
| KR20140044822A (en) | 2014-04-15 |
| CN103518246A (en) | 2014-01-15 |
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