WO2012155727A1 - 盾构隧洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞 - Google Patents

盾构隧洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012155727A1
WO2012155727A1 PCT/CN2012/073928 CN2012073928W WO2012155727A1 WO 2012155727 A1 WO2012155727 A1 WO 2012155727A1 CN 2012073928 W CN2012073928 W CN 2012073928W WO 2012155727 A1 WO2012155727 A1 WO 2012155727A1
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Prior art keywords
lining
tunnel
shield
concrete
water conveyance
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PCT/CN2012/073928
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钮新强
谢向荣
符志远
张传健
廖仁强
吕国梁
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长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2012155727A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012155727A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
    • E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
    • E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
    • E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a novel pressure water transmission tunnel constructed by using a shield method, and more particularly to a shield tunnel prestressed composite lining water conveyance tunnel. Background technique
  • the first phase of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project is the first-class project.
  • the double-line through the Yellow Tunnel is a first-class building with a circular section, with an inner diameter of 7m and a single hole length of 4.25km. It is a submerged tunnel project for pressure water delivery and a tunnel center during operation.
  • the internal water pressure is greater than 0.5 MPa; the shovel is constructed by the shield method to pass through the soft soil layer of the Yellow River riverbed.
  • the depth of the top of the cave is more than 30 meters.
  • the external water pressure is still applied, which is calculated to be about 0.37 MPa in the center of the tunnel. .
  • the pressure water transfer tunnel (including pipelines, the same below) is not uncommon, but most of them are mountain tunnels or open pipes.
  • the underwater tunnel constructed by the shield method is mostly a traffic tunnel at home or abroad, or a non-pressure and low-pressure drainage tunnel, and there is no internal water extravasation to affect the stability of the tunnel.
  • the assembled segment can be used.
  • the ring is used as a permanent lining; for higher pressure water delivery requirements, a separate water delivery pipe is placed in the assembled segment ring.
  • the tunnel through the Yellow River is a pressure water conveyance tunnel with complex geological conditions. It passes through a variety of soft soil layers, most of which are sand. The internal water extravasation must be strictly prevented to affect the stability of the tunnel.
  • a split steel pipe scheme has been studied in the assembled segment ring. The research shows that due to the 4.25km single head tunneling, the length of the line and the narrow construction space, the construction conditions of the steel pipe and the welding are very bad, which greatly increases the construction difficulty, and the construction period is long. After the completion of the construction, the operation and management conditions are poor and the investment is large. Not used. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art described above, and to provide a shield tunnel prestressed composite village water conveyance tunnel, which solves the technical problem faced by the yellow tunnel.
  • Shield tunnel prestressed composite village water conveyance tunnel which is characterized in that: it comprises a shielded pipe ring formed by shield construction to be an ordinary reinforced concrete lining, the same ring Each piece of pipe piece is connected by a connecting bolt, and a rib is installed on the hand hole of the assembled piece piece ring, and concrete is directly poured on the outer lining to form an inner lining and a concrete shearing key, thereby forming a composite village building structure; the inner lining is embedded Hole, there is an anchor in the tunnel, The inner liner has a reserved groove communicating with the tunnel.
  • the lining and the outer lining are formed by the ribs and the lining concrete to fill the shearing keys formed by the outer lining hand holes to form a composite lining.
  • the outer lining is an ordinary reinforced concrete assembled segment ring
  • the inner lining is a prestressed village building of the ring anchor system.
  • a drainage facility is disposed on the inner surface of the outer liner.
  • the invention is applicable to a pressure water transmission tunnel through a soft soil layer by a shield method.
  • the invention has a double-layer composite lining, and the outer lining is an assembled segment ring formed by the shield tunneling process, which is an ordinary reinforced concrete structure, and the inner lining is a cast-in-place prestressed reinforced concrete structure.
  • the two-layer lining takes joint force measures and works together.
  • the principle of the invention is as follows: 1 outer lining - assembled tube ring. Formed in the shield tunneling process, it is subjected to external water and soil pressure to provide construction space for the inner lining; during the construction period, it receives the prestress of the inner lining, and the water supply operation period shares the internal water pressure. 2 Inner lining - prestressed reinforced concrete structure, forming a water delivery space. By carrying out post-tensioning of the lining to improve its bearing and crack resistance, it is the main structure that bears the internal water pressure.
  • the joint force measures mainly include embedding the inner and outer lining ribs in the hand-assembled hand hole, and the shearing bond formed by the lining concrete filling the outer lining hand hole to make the inner lining Combined with the outer lining to work as a whole.
  • the external water and soil load part can offset part of the internal water pressure, but also the bearing capacity of the two-layer lining superimposed section and the rigidity against deformation are greatly increased, not only the material can be fully utilized, but also the tunnel can be ensured to be safe and reliable.
  • the double-line through-yellow tunnel is a first-class building with a circular section, with an inner diameter of 7m and a single hole length of 4.25km.
  • the 1:1 simulation model test of the yellow tunnel lining through the yellow tunnel model test completely simulates the design conditions of the double-line tunnel), the possibility of verifying this scheme in two stages.
  • the first stage is a preparatory test, including a 1:1 simulation ground model test for the three-ring lining; the second stage is an underground model test study, the model is buried underground, and the same depth and water and soil conditions as the artificial structure and engineering The water in the hole is pressurized by the high water tank according to the design water head, and the overload test is carried out.
  • the village building structure was inspected.
  • the stress and deformation data of the lining structure measured by the test were consistent with the mathematical model calculation results. The values were similar and the test was completely successful.
  • the lining of the tunnel was considered to be a 1:1 simulation test.
  • the study is simulated according to engineering conditions, the scale of the experiment is large, and the simulation degree of the underground model is high, which is the first case in the water conservancy industry.
  • the purpose of the test is clear, the design is reasonable, the process control is rigorous, the analytical calculation method is scientific and targeted, and the obtained data is informative and reliable. , persuasive, can be used as the basis for design and construction program optimization.
  • the invention is verified in the underground model test of the 1:1 simulation test of the yellow tunnel lining (the test cost is more than 10 million yuan).
  • the invention solves the technical problem that the high water head, the large flow rate, the high load, and the possibility that the internal water extravasation is dangerous to the tunnel safety caused by the shield tunneling method through the riverbed soft soil layer. Compared with the above-mentioned shield tunnel into the separate steel pipeline scheme, only direct investment of the project can save 162 million yuan, and the construction period can be shortened by about 17 months.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a shield tunnel prestressed composite village water conveyance tunnel according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the prestressed structure of the liner ring anchor.
  • the shield tunnel prestressed composite lining water conveyance tunnel of the present invention comprises a shielded tubular ring formed by the shield method and is an ordinary reinforced concrete outer lining 1 , and the segments of the same ring are connected through each other.
  • the bolts 2 are connected, and the rib 3 is installed on the hand hole of the assembled pipe ring, and the concrete is directly poured on the outer lining 1 to form the lining 5 and the concrete shear key 6 to form a composite village structure;
  • the inner lining 5 is embedded
  • the tunnel 7 has an anchor cable 4 in the tunnel 7, and the inner liner 5 has a reserved groove 8 communicating with the tunnel 7.
  • the lining 5 and the outer lining 1 are formed into a composite village by the ribs 3 and the lining concrete filled with the shearing keys 6 formed by the outer lining hand holes.
  • the outer lining 1 is an ordinary reinforced concrete assembled segment ring
  • the inner lining 5 is a prestressed lining of the ring anchor system.
  • a drainage facility 9 is disposed on the inner surface of the outer liner 1.
  • Drainage facilities are arranged at the interface between the inner lining 1 and the outer lining 5 to enhance the discharge of internal water extravasation.

Description

盾构隧洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞
技术领域
本发明涉及一种釆用盾构法施工的新型压力输水隧洞， 更具体地说它是一种盾构隧 洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞。 背景技术
南水北调中线一期穿黄工程为一等工程，双线穿黄隧洞为一级建筑物，具圆形断面， 内径 7m, 单洞长 4.25km, 为压力输水的水底隧洞工程， 运行期隧洞中心内水压力大于 0.5MPa;釆用盾构法施工穿过黄河河床软土地层， 洞顶埋深 30余米， 外部除作用土压力 外， 尚作用有外水压力， 算至隧洞中心约 0.37MPa。
在水工结构中， 压力输水隧洞（含管道， 下同）并不少见， 但多为山岭隧洞或明管。 在软土地层中釆用盾构法施工的水底隧洞， 目前国内、 外大多为交通隧洞， 或无压、 低 压排水隧洞， 均无内水外渗影响隧洞稳定问题， 可以釆用拼装式管片环作为永久衬砌； 对于较高压力输水要求， 则釆取在拼装式管片环内布置分离式输水管道。
穿黄隧洞为压力输水隧洞， 地质条件复杂， 穿过多种软土地层， 其中大部分为砂土， 须严防内水外渗影响隧洞稳定。 曾研究过在拼装式管片环内布置分离式钢管道方案。 研 究表明， 由于隧洞单头掘进 4.25km, 线路长、 施工空间狹窄， 钢管就位与焊接施工条件 十分恶劣， 大大增加施工难度， 而且建设工期长， 建成后运行管理条件差， 投资较大， 因而未被釆用。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有背景技术的不足之处， 而提供一种盾构隧洞预应力 复合村砌输水隧洞， 它解决了穿黄隧洞面临的技术难题。
本发明的目的是通过如下措施来达到的： 盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞， 其特 征在于： 它包括盾构法施工形成的拼装式管片环为普通钢筋混凝土外衬， 同环各块管片 通过连接螺栓相连， 在拼装式管片环手孔上安装插筋， 在外衬上直接浇筑混凝土形成内 衬和混凝土剪力键， 从而形成复合村砌结构； 内衬内有预埋的孔道， 在孔道内有锚索， 内衬有预留槽与孔道相通。
在上述技术方案中， 所述的内衬与外衬依靠插筋和内衬混凝土填入外衬手孔形成的 剪力键组成复合衬砌。
在上述技术方案中， 外衬为普通钢筋混凝土拼装式管片环， 内衬为环锚系统预应力 村砌。
在上述技术方案中， 在所述的外衬的内表面布置排水设施。
本发明适用于盾构法施工穿越软土地层的压力输水隧洞。本发明具有双层复合衬砌， 其外层衬砌是盾构掘进过程形成的拼装式管片环， 为普通钢筋混凝土结构， 内层衬砌是 现浇预应力钢筋混凝土结构。 两层衬砌釆取联合受力措施， 共同工作。
本发明的原理如下： ①外层衬砌——拼装式管片环。 在盾构掘进过程形成， 承受外 部水土压力， 给内层衬砌提供施工空间； 施工期接受内层衬砌传递的预应力， 输水运行 期分担内水压力。 ②内层衬砌——预应力钢筋混凝土结构， 形成输水空间。 通过对衬砌 实施后张预应力， 改善其承载和抗裂性能， 是承担内水压力的主体结构。 ③联合受力措 施——联合受力措施主要包括在管片拼装手孔内埋置联系内、 外衬插筋， 以及内衬混凝 土填入外衬手孔形成的剪力键， 使内层衬砌与外层衬砌联合为一整体工作。 不仅外部水 土荷载部分可以抵消部分内水压力， 而且两层衬砌迭合截面的承载能力以及抵御变形的 刚度均大大增加， 不仅材料得以充分利用， 而且可确保隧洞安全可靠。
双线穿黄隧洞为一级建筑物， 具圆形断面， 内径 7m, 单洞长 4.25km, 考虑到工程 的创新性， 且投资很大， 达拾几亿人民币， 为确保工程安全可靠， 开展了穿黄工程穿黄 隧洞衬砌 1:1仿真模型试验 (模型试验完全模拟双线穿黄隧洞设计条件 ), 分两阶段进行 验证此方案的可能性。 第 1阶段为准备性试验， 包括对三环内衬分别进行 1:1仿真地面 模型试验； 第 2阶段为地下模型试验研究， 模型埋于地下， 并人工构造与工程相同的埋 深和水土条件， 而以高位水箱按设计水头对洞内充水加压， 并进行超载试验。
试验过程和试验后经检验村砌结构完好， 试验测取的衬砌结构应力与变形资料与数 学模型计算结果规律一致， 数值相近， 试验取得完全成功， 论证后认为穿黄隧洞衬砌 1 : 1仿真试验研究按工程条件模拟， 试验规模大， 地下模型仿真程度高， 为水利行业首例； 试验目的明确， 设计合理， 过程控制严谨， 分析计算方法科学且针对性强， 所获数据资 料翔实， 成果可靠， 说服力强， 可作为设计和施工方案优化的基础。 本发明在穿黄隧洞衬砌 1:1仿真试验地下模型试验（试验费用达 1千多万元） 中得 到验证。 有如下明显的工程效益和社会效益：
( 1 )、 本发明解决了穿黄隧洞釆用盾构法施工通过河床软土地层所面临的高水头、 大流量、 高负荷， 以及有可能因内水外渗危及隧洞安全的技术难题。 与前述盾构隧洞套 入分离式钢管道方案相比较 ， 仅工程直接投资可节约 1.62亿元， 并可缩短工期约 17个 月 工程效益显著。
( 2 ) 为盾构隧洞在高水头、 大流量输水工程或有类似技术要求的大型市政工程、液 化气管道工程中应用提供了新途径， 有利于节省工程投资， 推广应用， 有明显的社会效 益。 附图说明
图 1是本发明盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞断面示意图。
图 2是内衬环锚预应力结构布置示意图。
图中： 1.外衬； 2.螺栓； 3.插筋； 4.锚索； 5.内村； 6.混凝土剪力键； 7.孔道； 8. 预 留槽； 9.排水设施。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细说明本发明的实施情况,但它们并不构成对本发明的限定,仅作举 例而已。 同时通过说明本发明的优点将变得更加清楚和容易理解。
参阅图 1、 图 2可知： 本发明盾构隧洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞， 它包括盾构法施 工形成的拼装式管片环为普通钢筋混凝土外衬 1 , 同环各块管片通过连接螺栓 2相连， 在拼装式管片环手孔上安装插筋 3, 在外衬 1上直接浇筑混凝土形成内衬 5和混凝土剪 力键 6, 从而形成复合村砌结构； 内衬 5内有预埋的孔道 7, 在孔道 7内有锚索 4, 内衬 5有预留槽 8与孔道 7相通。 所述的内衬 5与外衬 1依靠插筋 3和内衬混凝土填入外衬 手孔形成的剪力键 6组成复合村砌。 外衬 1为普通钢筋混凝土拼装式管片环， 内衬 5为 环锚系统预应力衬砌。 在所述的外衬 1的内表面布置排水设施 9。 本发明的具体实施步骤如下： ( 1 )釆用盾构法施工形成拼装式管片环 1 , 同环各块管片釆用连接螺栓 2连接；
(2)在浇筑内衬混凝土前， 需在管片环的手孔（包括大手孔和小手孔）内预埋插筋
3;
(3) 浇筑预应力内衬 5, 同时形成混凝土剪力键 6;
(4)在浇筑内衬 5前， 与钢筋架立同时， 预埋孔道 7;
( 5 )为锚索 4釆用千斤顶张拉， 在内衬混凝土施工过程中， 布置预留槽 8； 为使预 应力均匀分布， 预留槽 8为按多排布列的位置；
( 6 ) 釆用环锚预应力系统； 待内衬混凝土达到设计龄期后， 将锚索 4穿入孔道 6 内实施张拉；
(7)锚索 4张拉完毕， 釆用微膨胀混凝土封填预留槽 8后， 及时对孔道 7进行真空 灌浆；
( 8 )在内衬 1与外衬 5界面布置排水设施 9, 用以加强对内水外渗的排放。
其它工艺过程， 如钢筋制安、 混凝土浇筑与养护、 回填灌浆、 预应力工艺等未详细 说明的部分均为现有技术。

Claims

权利要求 书
1、 盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞， 其特征在于它包括盾构法施工形成的拼装式 管片环为普通钢筋混凝土外衬（ 1 ), 同环各块管片通过连接螺栓（ 2 )相连， 在拼装式管 片环手孔上安装插筋 （3), 在外衬（1)上直接浇筑混凝土形成内衬（5)和混凝土剪力 键（6) , 从而形成复合村砌结构； 内衬（5) 内有预埋的孔道（7), 在孔道（7) 内有锚 索 （4), 内衬（5)有预留槽（8) 与孔道（7)相通。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞， 其特征在于所述的内 衬（5) 与外衬（1)依靠插筋 （3)和内衬混凝土填入外衬手孔形成的剪力键（6)组成 复合衬砌。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞， 其特征在于外衬 ( 1 ) 为普通钢筋混凝土拼装式管片环， 内衬（ 5 ) 为环锚系统预应力衬砌。
4、根据权利要求 1或 2所述的盾构隧洞预应力复合村砌输水隧洞，其特征在于在所 述的外村 (1) 的内表面布置排水设施（9) 。
PCT/CN2012/073928 2011-05-16 2012-04-12 盾构隧洞预应力复合衬砌输水隧洞 WO2012155727A1 (zh)

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