WO2012151645A1 - Ballistic panel - Google Patents

Ballistic panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012151645A1
WO2012151645A1 PCT/BR2011/000153 BR2011000153W WO2012151645A1 WO 2012151645 A1 WO2012151645 A1 WO 2012151645A1 BR 2011000153 W BR2011000153 W BR 2011000153W WO 2012151645 A1 WO2012151645 A1 WO 2012151645A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layers
fabric
fiber fabric
ballistic panel
panel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2011/000153
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Marco BERTIN
Original Assignee
Bertin Marco
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bertin Marco filed Critical Bertin Marco
Priority to PCT/BR2011/000153 priority Critical patent/WO2012151645A1/en
Priority to MX2013012885A priority patent/MX2013012885A/en
Priority to BR112013028528-1A priority patent/BR112013028528B1/en
Publication of WO2012151645A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012151645A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0485—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers all the layers being only fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/02—Plate construction
    • F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
    • F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
    • F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a ballistic panel, said panel being comprised of a plurality of staple fiber fabric layers and elastomer the purpose of which is to be used for protecting against firearm projectiles.
  • the present invention is particularly directed to a ballistic panel, which is attached to objects to be used as a shield to firearm projectiles.
  • the ballistic panels formed from technical fiber fabric or highly resistant fiber fabric layers associated with polymeric matrix are known to one skilled in the art.
  • technical woven cloth that provide a fierce resistance to the impact of firearm bullets, reference may be made to aramid and polyaramid, glass fiber, ceramics, and the like.
  • polyaramid fiber aromatic polyaramid or aramid
  • this present invention refers to a ballistic panel made from a plurality of aramid fiber fabric layers having a specific tenacity, said fabric being intertwined with a layer of polymeric film, or, in a variant, impregnated with a polymeric elastomer composition, thus allowing the use of a reduced number of layers, providing a lighter panel that is resilient enough to be used as a ballistic protection by absorbing the kinetic energy of a bullet and allowing same to return to its original shape after the impact.
  • the impregnation of the aramid fabric can be carried out, for example, by spreading on the fabric a bath of a polymeric matrix with a ruler on a rake.
  • the material is preferably applied with the aid of a ruler on both sides of the fabric, and then it is vulcanized in a press that applies pressure and temperature.
  • the resulting sandwich, with as many aramid layers as desired, is applied to the armor, for example, on opaque places of vehicles.
  • the present invention is directed to a ballistic panel comprising several technical fiber fabric layers intertwined with a polymeric film layer, or, in a constructive variant, the fabric layer is impregnated with a polymeric matrix that makes the fabric impermeable to water in addition to the adhesion of the several layers that are stacked over one another, and processed under high temperature and pressure.
  • technical fiber fabric is the fabric for ballistic use that is particularly selected among the group consisting of aramid fibers, polyaramid, glass fiber, ceramic fibers, etc. Particularly, use is made of the aramid fiber fabric.
  • the panel is made by adhering about 6 to 7 layers of said fabric impregnated with the polymeric matrix, or, in a constructive variant, 6 to 7 technical fiber fabric layers intertwined with a polymeric film layer.
  • the aramid fabric used has tenacity higher than 20 gpd (grams by denier) that provides at the same time a good resistance to the impact of firearm projectiles, and makes it possible to use a reduced number of layers, providing a low-weight panel.
  • the polymeric film or impregnation material of the aramid fiber fabric is a polymeric matrix, preferably selected among elastomers, thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) , resin (phenolic or epoxy) , polyurethane, or mixtures thereof.
  • the impregnation may be carried out by any prior art process, for example, by spreading the matrix with the aid of a ruler so that the matrix is evenly distributed on the surface of the fabric. This impregnation is carried out on both sides of the fabric, the layers being then stacked on one another and conveyed to be vulcanized in a press that applies pressure and temperature. The resulting panel is finished to be applied, for example, to opaque seats of vehicles.
  • the panel is manufactured with the aid of a press that, in view of the pressure and temperature, promotes the union of the impregnated fabric layers, for example, in accordance with the following steps:
  • thermocouple (-200 ⁇ 760° C) , thermometer (0 to 300°C) and pressure gauge (0 to 500 kgf/cm 2 ) of the press;
  • the process of manufacturing the ballistic panel comprises a previous step of impregnating said fabric.
  • the calibration of the thermocouple ⁇ -200 ⁇ 760°C) , thermometer (0 - 300°C) and pressure gauge (0 to 500 kgf/cm 2 ) is then checked out before placing the impregnated fabric layers on the press.
  • a visual verification of the cleanness conditions thereof is made, checking whether it is free of soil, flaws, particles or strange bodies.
  • the press is then prepared by placing a stainless steel tray with a protecting material layer on the lifting table, for example, teflon, and then about 6 to 7 layers of impregnated fabric, or the fabric and the polymeric film are placed alternatively, and finally a identification label is inserted into the final layer that is covered with a layer of protecting material (teflon) .
  • a protecting material layer for example, teflon
  • each module of the press is loaded with at most 6 to 7 panels, thus providing a homogeneous panel.
  • the layers are then pressed at a pressure higher that 10 bar/223.60 ⁇ 3 kgf/cm 2 , under a temperature between 120°C and 190°C, for about 10 to 60 minutes, depending on the number of layers.
  • the finished panels are then removed from the press to cool, and afterwards a visual inspection is carried out in order to check whether there is any bubble, soil, or poor adhesion among the fabric layers.
  • the thus manufactured ballistic panel provides a higher resistance to the penetration of firearm projectiles than the ones of the prior art, and the layers are fully adhered to one another by covering the fabrics with the polymeric matrix that absorbs the kinetic energy without allowing the 6 to 7 layers to separate from one another. Also, the panels have a lower weight, and in view of the reduced number of layers the weight of the automobile is drastically reduced.
  • test samples were rigidly fixture on an indoor range 16.5 feet from the muzzle of a test barrel to produce zero degree obliquity impacts.
  • Velocity screens were positioned at 6.5 and 9.5 feet which, in conjunction with elapsed time counters (chronographs) , were used to compute projectile velocities 8.0 feet forward of the muzzle.
  • Penetrations were determined by visual examination of a 0.020 inch thickness alloy 2024T3 aluminum witness panel positioned 6.0 inches behind, and parallel to, the test samples. Steel plates were attached to the tested panels in order to simulate the vehicle metal body.
  • Thicknesses 0,199, 0,172, 0,181, 0,181 in.
  • Thicknesses 0,147, 0,176, 0,183, 0,189 in.
  • Thicknesses 0,182, 0,191, 0,182, 0,200 in.
  • Thicknesses 0,183, 0,159, 0,197, 0,179 in.
  • Table I refers to a summary of the results.
  • test samples submitted for testing satisfied the ballistic resistance requirements of NIJ-STD-0108.01, Level IIIA.
  • the present panel provides a full resistance to the penetration of .44 Magnum and 9 mm Luger caliber bullets, by the combination of the tenacity of its technical fiber fabricused in 6 or 7 layers impregnated with a polymeric matrix joined by compression under temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention refers to a ballistic panel, said panel being comprised of a plurality of technical fiber fabric layers and elastomer matrix the purpose of which is to be used for protecting against firearm projectiles.

Description

BALLISTIC PANEL
The present invention is directed to a ballistic panel, said panel being comprised of a plurality of staple fiber fabric layers and elastomer the purpose of which is to be used for protecting against firearm projectiles.
Disclosure of the invention
The present invention is particularly directed to a ballistic panel, which is attached to objects to be used as a shield to firearm projectiles.
Background of the Invention
The ballistic panels formed from technical fiber fabric or highly resistant fiber fabric layers associated with polymeric matrix are known to one skilled in the art. Amongst the mostly known technical woven cloth that provide a fierce resistance to the impact of firearm bullets, reference may be made to aramid and polyaramid, glass fiber, ceramics, and the like.
More particularly, the polyaramid fiber (aromatic polyaramid or aramid) is noteworthy due to its high performance characteristics.
Despite the fact that these panels provide resistance to such impact, they are not resilient at all, and the spot hit by the bullet is deformed permanently.
To overcome this disadvantage a panel comprising several technical fiber fabric layers covered with a polymeric blanket was developed, thus making the panel resilient enough so that it can be used as a ballistic protection by absorbing the kinetic energy of a bullet and allowing same to return to its original state after the impact, as described in patent application PI0803433-8.
Despite the advantages that said panel presents over the prior art on the date it was filed, it is too heavy, thus limiting the use thereof, besides increasing considerably the weight of the object it is attached to. In view of this disadvantage, this present invention refers to a ballistic panel made from a plurality of aramid fiber fabric layers having a specific tenacity, said fabric being intertwined with a layer of polymeric film, or, in a variant, impregnated with a polymeric elastomer composition, thus allowing the use of a reduced number of layers, providing a lighter panel that is resilient enough to be used as a ballistic protection by absorbing the kinetic energy of a bullet and allowing same to return to its original shape after the impact.
The impregnation of the aramid fabric can be carried out, for example, by spreading on the fabric a bath of a polymeric matrix with a ruler on a rake. The material is preferably applied with the aid of a ruler on both sides of the fabric, and then it is vulcanized in a press that applies pressure and temperature. The resulting sandwich, with as many aramid layers as desired, is applied to the armor, for example, on opaque places of vehicles.
Description of the Invention
The present invention is directed to a ballistic panel comprising several technical fiber fabric layers intertwined with a polymeric film layer, or, in a constructive variant, the fabric layer is impregnated with a polymeric matrix that makes the fabric impermeable to water in addition to the adhesion of the several layers that are stacked over one another, and processed under high temperature and pressure.
As used herein, technical fiber fabric is the fabric for ballistic use that is particularly selected among the group consisting of aramid fibers, polyaramid, glass fiber, ceramic fibers, etc. Particularly, use is made of the aramid fiber fabric. The panel is made by adhering about 6 to 7 layers of said fabric impregnated with the polymeric matrix, or, in a constructive variant, 6 to 7 technical fiber fabric layers intertwined with a polymeric film layer.
The aramid fabric used has tenacity higher than 20 gpd (grams by denier) that provides at the same time a good resistance to the impact of firearm projectiles, and makes it possible to use a reduced number of layers, providing a low-weight panel.
This combination of a polymeric matrix with a technical fiber fabric having a specific relatively low tenacity, when compared to the tenacity of the fabrics currently used, has made it possible to use a reduced number of layers, thus producing a high ballistic resistance as demonstrated by the tests depicted hereinbelow.
The polymeric film or impregnation material of the aramid fiber fabric is a polymeric matrix, preferably selected among elastomers, thermoplastic polymers (polyethylene or ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer) , resin (phenolic or epoxy) , polyurethane, or mixtures thereof.
The impregnation may be carried out by any prior art process, for example, by spreading the matrix with the aid of a ruler so that the matrix is evenly distributed on the surface of the fabric. This impregnation is carried out on both sides of the fabric, the layers being then stacked on one another and conveyed to be vulcanized in a press that applies pressure and temperature. The resulting panel is finished to be applied, for example, to opaque seats of vehicles.
The panel is manufactured with the aid of a press that, in view of the pressure and temperature, promotes the union of the impregnated fabric layers, for example, in accordance with the following steps:
a) Calibration of the thermocouple (-200 ~760° C) , thermometer (0 to 300°C) and pressure gauge (0 to 500 kgf/cm2) of the press;
b) Cut according to the selected dimensions of the impregnated technical fiber fabric layers, or the fabric and the polymeric film;
c) Inspection of the cleanness conditions of the fabric;
d) Placing of a stainless steel tray and a layer of protecting material on the lifting table of a press;
e) Placing of the impregnated fabric layers on teflon, or the fabric and the polymeric film;
f) Insertion of an identification label and cover with a protecting material layer;
g) Homogeneous pressing of the panel at 120°C - 190°C and more than 10 bar/223.60 ± 3 kgf/cm2 for about 10 to 60 minutes;
h) Regulation of the traction system and removal of the panels;
i) Placing of the panels on a lifting table, for removing the protecting material, and the finished panels, placing same on pallets;
j) Cooling of the panels.
When the option is to use the impregnated aramid fiber fabric with a polymeric elastomer composition, the process of manufacturing the ballistic panel comprises a previous step of impregnating said fabric. The calibration of the thermocouple {-200 ~760°C) , thermometer (0 - 300°C) and pressure gauge (0 to 500 kgf/cm2) is then checked out before placing the impregnated fabric layers on the press. Before placing the fabrics in the machine a visual verification of the cleanness conditions thereof is made, checking whether it is free of soil, flaws, particles or strange bodies.
The press is then prepared by placing a stainless steel tray with a protecting material layer on the lifting table, for example, teflon, and then about 6 to 7 layers of impregnated fabric, or the fabric and the polymeric film are placed alternatively, and finally a identification label is inserted into the final layer that is covered with a layer of protecting material (teflon) .
Thus, another set of 6 to 7 impregnated fabric layers, the fabric and the polymeric film may be placed alternatively, always intertwined with a layer of protecting material, for example, teflon, keeping the sets separated from one another. In a preferred way, each module of the press is loaded with at most 6 to 7 panels, thus providing a homogeneous panel.
The layers are then pressed at a pressure higher that 10 bar/223.60 ± 3 kgf/cm2, under a temperature between 120°C and 190°C, for about 10 to 60 minutes, depending on the number of layers.
The finished panels are then removed from the press to cool, and afterwards a visual inspection is carried out in order to check whether there is any bubble, soil, or poor adhesion among the fabric layers.
The thus manufactured ballistic panel provides a higher resistance to the penetration of firearm projectiles than the ones of the prior art, and the layers are fully adhered to one another by covering the fabrics with the polymeric matrix that absorbs the kinetic energy without allowing the 6 to 7 layers to separate from one another. Also, the panels have a lower weight, and in view of the reduced number of layers the weight of the automobile is drastically reduced.
In order to verify the resistance to the impact some tests were conducted at the company H.P. White Laboratory, Inc. Testing was conducted in accordance with the provisions of NUJ-STD-0108.01, BALLISTIC RESISTANT PROTECTIVE MATERIALS, dated September 1985, Level IIIA, using caliber .44 Magnum, 240 grain, SWCGC and caliber 9mm Luger, 124 grain, FMJ ammunition.
The test samples were rigidly fixture on an indoor range 16.5 feet from the muzzle of a test barrel to produce zero degree obliquity impacts. Velocity screens were positioned at 6.5 and 9.5 feet which, in conjunction with elapsed time counters (chronographs) , were used to compute projectile velocities 8.0 feet forward of the muzzle. Penetrations were determined by visual examination of a 0.020 inch thickness alloy 2024T3 aluminum witness panel positioned 6.0 inches behind, and parallel to, the test samples. Steel plates were attached to the tested panels in order to simulate the vehicle metal body.
The following samples were presented for the ballistic test:
Sample n° : BLAN 606 (9mm)
Size: 18 x 18 in.
Weight: 4,49 lbs.
Thicknesses: 0,199, 0,172, 0,181, 0,181 in.
Description: 6 layers of aramid fabric coated with neoprene plus steel plate
Sample n° : BLAN 606 (44MAG)
Size: 18 x 18 in.
Weight: 4,57 lbs.
Thicknesses: 0,147, 0,176, 0,183, 0,189 in.
Description: 6 layers of aramid fabric coated with neoprene plus steel plate
Sample n° : BLKN 707 (9mm)
Size: 18 x 18 in.
Weight: 4,76 lbs.
Thicknesses: 0,182, 0,191, 0,182, 0,200 in.
Description: 7 layers of aramid fabric coated with neoprene plus steel plate
Sample n° : BLKN 707 (44MAG)
Size: 18 x 18 in.
Weight: 4,49 lbs.
Thicknesses: 0,183, 0,159, 0,197, 0,179 in.
Description: 7 layers of aramid fabric coated with neoprene plus steel plate
Table I refers to a summary of the results.
Figure imgf000008_0001
Based on the data presented in Table I, the test samples submitted for testing satisfied the ballistic resistance requirements of NIJ-STD-0108.01, Level IIIA.
As can be seen in the results of the tests, the present panel provides a full resistance to the penetration of .44 Magnum and 9 mm Luger caliber bullets, by the combination of the tenacity of its technical fiber fabricused in 6 or 7 layers impregnated with a polymeric matrix joined by compression under temperature.

Claims

1. A ballistic panel comprised of a plurality of technical fiber fabric layers impregnated with a polymeric matrix or intertwined with a polymeric film, characterized in that the tenacity of the technical fiber fabric is higher than 20 gpd, and the polymeric matrix or polymeric film is selected among elastomers, thermoplastic polymers, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane, or the mixtures thereof.
2. The ballistic panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the technical fiber fabric is aramid fiber .
3. The ballistic panel according to claim 1, characterized by being comprised of 6 technical fiber fabric layers.
4. The ballistic panel according to claim 1, characterized by being comprised of 7 technical fiber fabric layers.
5. The ballistic panel according to claim 1, characterized by being impregnated with a polymeric matrix to provide adhesion between layers.
6. The ballistic panel according to claim 1, characterized by using pressure and temperature for adhering the technical fiber fabric layers technician through the polymeric matrix.
PCT/BR2011/000153 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Ballistic panel WO2012151645A1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BR2011/000153 WO2012151645A1 (en) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Ballistic panel
MX2013012885A MX2013012885A (en) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Ballistic panel.
BR112013028528-1A BR112013028528B1 (en) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 ballistic panel

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/BR2011/000153 WO2012151645A1 (en) 2011-05-06 2011-05-06 Ballistic panel

Publications (1)

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WO2012151645A1 true WO2012151645A1 (en) 2012-11-15

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MX (1) MX2013012885A (en)
WO (1) WO2012151645A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016108621A1 (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-07-07 코오롱인더스트리(주) Bulletproof panel
WO2016182781A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-17 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ballistic and stab resistant composite

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4403012A (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-06 Allied Corporation Ballistic-resistant article
WO2000065297A2 (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-11-02 Millennium Body Armour, Inc. Multi-layered impact resistant ply and composite
WO2009032585A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-12 Supracor, Inc. Lightweight armor and ballistic projectile defense apparatus

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4403012A (en) * 1982-03-19 1983-09-06 Allied Corporation Ballistic-resistant article
WO2000065297A2 (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-11-02 Millennium Body Armour, Inc. Multi-layered impact resistant ply and composite
WO2009032585A1 (en) * 2007-08-29 2009-03-12 Supracor, Inc. Lightweight armor and ballistic projectile defense apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016108621A1 (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-07-07 코오롱인더스트리(주) Bulletproof panel
JP2017538911A (en) * 2014-12-31 2017-12-28 コーロン インダストリーズ インク Bulletproof panel
WO2016182781A1 (en) * 2015-05-08 2016-11-17 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ballistic and stab resistant composite
CN107580550A (en) * 2015-05-08 2018-01-12 纳幕尔杜邦公司 Shellproof and anti-stab composite
US10323908B2 (en) 2015-05-08 2019-06-18 E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company Ballistic and stab resistant composite
CN107580550B (en) * 2015-05-08 2020-12-08 纳幕尔杜邦公司 Ballistic and stab resistant composite

Also Published As

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BR112013028528A2 (en) 2017-01-17
BR112013028528B1 (en) 2021-03-16
MX2013012885A (en) 2014-02-20

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