WO2012149954A1 - Décharge de trafic dans des réseaux de communication - Google Patents

Décharge de trafic dans des réseaux de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012149954A1
WO2012149954A1 PCT/EP2011/056987 EP2011056987W WO2012149954A1 WO 2012149954 A1 WO2012149954 A1 WO 2012149954A1 EP 2011056987 W EP2011056987 W EP 2011056987W WO 2012149954 A1 WO2012149954 A1 WO 2012149954A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network
traffic
traffic steering
steering instruction
policy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/056987
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English (en)
Inventor
Janne Petteri Tervonen
Original Assignee
Nokia Siemens Networks Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PCT/EP2011/056987 priority Critical patent/WO2012149954A1/fr
Publication of WO2012149954A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012149954A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/28—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for reactive routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/22—Performing reselection for specific purposes for handling the traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/38—Reselection control by fixed network equipment
    • H04W36/385—Reselection control by fixed network equipment of the core network

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to traffic offload in
  • the present invention relates to a method, apparatuses and a computer program product for offloading traffic between a cellular radio access network and a wireless local area network.
  • 3GPP 3 rd Generation Partnership Project
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communication
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • 3GPP has provided technical specifications and reports defining 3 rd generation (3G) cellular telecommunication system called Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) , comprising UMTS terrestrial radio access network (UTRAN) or High-Speed Packet Access
  • HSPA High Speed Packet Access
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Communications
  • Evolved Packet System EPS
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • PDP Packet Data Protocol
  • the UE Before the PDP context can be established the UE must do an Attach procedure.
  • the Attach procedure is used to alert the Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) that the UE has powered up. After the Attach procedure is completed, the UE does a
  • This PDP Context that will establish the data session and allocate an IP address to the UE .
  • This PDP Context will have a Quality of Service (QoS) associated with it based on the needs in the request. If the UE needs to have multiple data sessions, due to various QoS, the UE will do a Secondary PDP Context activation.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • the UE will do a Secondary PDP Context activation.
  • the first is called a Default EPS Bearer.
  • the second is the Dedicated EPS Bearer.
  • the first is established as part of the Attach procedure.
  • the Default EPS Bearer will only support a nominal QoS, but that should be sufficient for application signaling.
  • a Dedicated EPS Bearer will be established. This will have the QoS requirements needed for the service.
  • the LTE Attach/Default EPS Bearer is similar to the UMTS Attach and a Primary PDP Context establishment procedure.
  • the Secondary PDP Context Activation is similar to the Dedicated EPS Bearer Setup procedure.
  • the key parameters in these messages are an Access Point Name (APN) , IP address type, and QoS parameters.
  • the APN identifies an IP Packet Data Network (PDN) that a mobile data user wants to communicate with.
  • PDN IP Packet Data Network
  • an APN may also be used to define the type of service, (e.g. connection to wireless application protocol (WAP) server, multimedia messaging service (MMS) ) , that is provided by the PDN.
  • WAP wireless application protocol
  • MMS multimedia messaging service
  • Wireless Local Area Network also known as WLAN or Wi-Fi
  • WLAN Wireless Local Area Network
  • Wi-Fi Wireless Local Area Network
  • WLAN provides a connection through an Access Point (AP) to the wider internet or to other networks.
  • the basic service set (BSS) is a set of all stations that can communicate with each other. Each BSS has an ID called a BSS Service Set Identifier (SSID) .
  • SSID is a 32-character unique identifier attached to the header of packets sent over a WLAN and acts as a password when a mobile device tries to connect to the BSS.
  • the SSID differentiates one WLAN from another, so all access points and all devices attempting to connect to a specific WLAN must use the same SSID. A device will not be permitted to join the BSS unless it can provide the unique SSID. Because an SSID can be sniffed in plain text from a packet it does not supply any security to the network.
  • An SSID is also referred to as a network name because
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • 3GPP 3 rd generation partnership project
  • WLAN radio access is used to offload traffic from 3GPP radio access networks, e.g. from LTE/UTRAN to WLAN. From WLAN network, the traffic is routed to 3GPP operator core network, e.g. to evolved packet core (EPC) /UMTS core.
  • EPC evolved packet core
  • WLAN radio access is used to offload traffic from 3GPP radio access networks, e.g. from LTE/UTRAN to WLAN, and from WLAN network the traffic is routed directly to the internet (EPC/UMTS core bypassed) .
  • 3GPP has standardised interworking between non-3GPP access networks (e.g. WLAN) and 3GPP networks, e.g. in specifications TS 23.234 vlO.0.0 and TS 23.402 vl0.3.0.
  • non-3GPP access networks e.g. WLAN
  • 3GPP networks e.g. in specifications TS 23.234 vlO.0.0 and TS 23.402 vl0.3.0.
  • One requirement for integrating 3GPP and WLAN networks is to have a dual-mode UE which has the capability of accessing networks of both technologies.
  • the access control problem arises to decide which network it should be admitted to and when it should switch from one network to the other through vertical handover.
  • the network selection rules often called network selection policies - need to be transferred from the network to the terminals.
  • 3GPP has defined an Access Network Discovery and Selection
  • ANDSF internet engineering task force
  • IETF internet engineering task force
  • DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol
  • a method for traffic steering in a communication network comprising receiving at a first network element a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from a second network element and activating the traffic steering instruction, wherein the traffic steering
  • a traffic steering instruction e.g. a traffic steering policy
  • the instruction is created by the second network element based on at least one identified application and wherein each of the at least one application is identified based on the traffic created by the application.
  • the at least one application may be identified during network planning. The identification may be based on historical data.
  • the at least one application may be identified dynamically based on real-time traffic analyzing, for example using Deep Packet Inspection or Policy and Charging Control mechanisms.
  • the traffic steering instruction may comprise an instruction to forward traffic of an application to a first access network.
  • the first access network may comprise e.g. a cellular network or a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless local area network may comprise e.g. a wireless local area network identified with service set identifier or an unspecified wireless local area network.
  • the cellular network may comprise e.g. a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network.
  • each of the at least one application may be identified based on the traffic created by the application, e.g. by total amount of transferred data of the application during a specific timeframe, amount of transferred data of the application with relation to available resources, or amount of signalling data created by the application.
  • the traffic steering instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a cellular network to a wireless local area network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to mobile core network. In some embodiments, traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to internet.
  • the traffic steering instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a wireless local area network to a cellular network.
  • the cellular network may comprise a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network.
  • the second network element may comprise a decision engine (100) or a decision engine functionality located in any network element.
  • the first network element may comprise a policy and charging rules function.
  • the activating may comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function.
  • the activating may further comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function as a policy and charging control rule or as a part of a policy and charging control rule.
  • the policy and charging enforcement function may be located in a user plane gateway.
  • the activating may comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging
  • enforcement function to be taken into use by modifying packet forwarding or routing decisions of the user plane gateway (wherein the policy and charging enforcement function may be located) or by modifying content of at least one routing advertisement to be sent to a host or to a terminal.
  • the first network element may comprise an information server.
  • the information server may comprise an access network discovery and selection function.
  • the activating may comprise providing policy information to a terminal.
  • the policy information may comprise the received traffic steering instruction.
  • the providing may comprise providing policy information in a dynamic host configuration protocol message, in a router advertisement message, or in an access network discovery and selection function management object.
  • an apparatus in a communication network comprising an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive information on at least one identified application, a processor (or some other processing means) configured to create a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic
  • an output or some other sending means configured to send the traffic steering instruction to a first network element in the communication network, wherein the traffic steering instruction is created based on the received information on the at least one identified
  • the traffic steering is identified based on the traffic created by the application. According to some embodiments, the traffic steering
  • the instruction may comprise an instruction to forward traffic of an application to a first access network.
  • the first access network may comprise e.g. a cellular network or a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless local area network may comprise e.g. a wireless local area network identified with service set identifier or an unspecified wireless local area network.
  • the cellular network may comprise e.g. a 3rd
  • the information on at least one identified application may comprise at least one of: a source IP address, a source IP address range, a destination IP address, a destination IP address range, a source port, a destination port, a transport protocol, and type of service.
  • each of the at least one application may be identified based on the traffic created by the application, e.g. by total amount of transferred data of the application during a specific timeframe, amount of transferred data of the application with relation to
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a cellular network to a wireless local area network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to mobile core network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to internet.
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a wireless local area network to a cellular network .
  • the cellular network may comprise a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network .
  • the first network element may comprise a policy and charging rules function or an
  • the apparatus may comprise a decision engine or a decision engine functionality located in any network element.
  • an apparatus in a communication network comprising an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from a second network element in the
  • processing means configured to activate the received traffic steering instruction, wherein the received traffic steering instruction comprises an instruction for forwarding traffic of an application to a first access network.
  • the first access network may comprise e.g. a cellular network or a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless local area network may comprise e.g. a wireless local area network identified with service set identifier or an unspecified wireless local area network.
  • the cellular network may
  • a 3GPP radio access network comprise e.g. a 3GPP radio access network.
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a cellular network to a wireless local area network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to mobile core network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to internet.
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a wireless local area network to a cellular network .
  • the cellular network may comprise a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network .
  • the apparatus may comprise a policy and charging rules function.
  • the apparatus may further comprise an output configured to provide policy information to a policy and charging enforcement function and wherein the processor may be further configured to activate the received traffic steering instruction by providing the traffic
  • the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function.
  • the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function.
  • instruction may be provided to a policy and charging
  • the policy and charging enforcement function may be located in a user plane gateway.
  • the traffic steering instruction may be provided to a policy and charging enforcement function to be taken into use by
  • modifying packet forwarding or routing decisions of the user plane gateway (wherein the policy and charging enforcement function may be located) or by modifying content of at least one routing advertisement to be sent to a host or to a terminal .
  • the apparatus may comprise an information server and the information server may comprise an access network discovery and selection function.
  • the apparatus may further comprise an output (or some other sending means) configured to provide policy information to a terminal and wherein the processor may be further configured to activate the received traffic steering instruction by causing the output to provide the policy information to a terminal.
  • the policy information may comprise the received traffic steering instruction.
  • the policy information may be provided in a dynamic host configuration protocol message, in a router advertisement message, or in an access network discovery and selection function management object.
  • the second network element may comprise a decision engine or a decision engine functionality located in any network element.
  • a mobile terminal comprising an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other receiving means) from an input (or some other receiving means) configured to receive a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from an input (or some other
  • the first access network may comprise e.g. a cellular network or a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless local area network may comprise e.g. a wireless local area network identified with service set identifier or an unspecified wireless local area network.
  • the cellular network may
  • a 3GPP radio access network comprise e.g. a 3GPP radio access network.
  • the traffic steering instruction may be received in a dynamic host configuration protocol message, in a router advertisement message, or in an access network discovery and selection function management object.
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a cellular network to a wireless local area network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to mobile core network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to internet.
  • instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a wireless local area network to a cellular network.
  • the cellular network may comprise a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network .
  • the processor (or some other processing means) may be further configured to change
  • the processor (or some other processing means) may be further configured to change
  • a computer-readable medium encoded with instructions that, when executed in hardware, perform a process, the process comprising receiving at a first network element a traffic steering instruction (e.g. a traffic steering policy) from a second network element and activating the traffic steering instruction, wherein the received traffic steering instruction comprises an instruction for forwarding traffic of an application to a first access network.
  • the first access network may comprise e.g. a cellular network or a wireless local area network.
  • the wireless local area network may comprise e.g. a wireless local area network identified with service set identifier or an unspecified wireless local area network.
  • the cellular network may
  • a 3GPP radio access network comprise e.g. a 3GPP radio access network.
  • the at least one application may be any one application.
  • the at least one application may be identified dynamically based on real-time traffic analyzing, for example using Deep Packet Inspection or Policy and Charging Control mechanisms.
  • the traffic steering instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a cellular network to a wireless local area network.
  • traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to mobile core network. In some embodiments, traffic may be routed via wireless local area network to internet.
  • the traffic steering instruction may comprise at least one rule for offloading traffic from a wireless local area network to a cellular network.
  • the cellular network may comprise a 3rd generation partnership project radio access network.
  • the second network element may comprise a decision engine or a decision engine functionality located in any network element.
  • the first network element may comprise a policy and charging rules function.
  • the activating may comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function.
  • the activating may further comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging enforcement function as a policy and charging control rule or as a part of a policy and charging control rule.
  • the policy and charging enforcement function may be located in a user plane gateway.
  • the activating may comprise providing the traffic steering instruction to a policy and charging
  • enforcement function to be taken into use by modifying packet forwarding or routing decisions of the user plane gateway or by modifying content of at least one routing advertisement to be sent to a host or to a terminal.
  • the first network element may comprise an information server.
  • the information server may comprise an access network discovery and selection function.
  • activating may comprise providing policy information to a terminal.
  • the policy information may comprise the received traffic steering instruction.
  • the providing may comprise providing the information in a dynamic host configuration protocol message, in a router
  • Figure 1 illustrates a reference architecture for a multi ⁇ access 4G system according to 3GPP specifications.
  • Figure 2 illustrates an architecture according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a method according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a further method according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a further method according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 6 illustrates yet a further method according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a decision engine according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a first network element according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 9 illustrates an information server according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 10 illustrates a Policy and Charging Rules Function according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a terminal according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a Policy and Charging Enforcement Function according to some exemplary embodiments of the invention .
  • 3GPP has defined a reference architecture for a multi-access 4G 3GPP system where heterogeneous access systems (e.g. 3GPP, 3GPP2, WiMax, WLAN) are connected to a common core network (in this case EPC) , which is specified e.g. in TS 23.402 vl0.3.0, section 4.2.2 and in the present Figure 1.
  • EPC electronic core network
  • non-3GPP Access Networks are IP access networks that use access technology whose specification is out of the scope of 3GPP, e.g. WLAN networks, as in the present invention.
  • GW serving GW
  • PDN-GW packet data network GW
  • S-GW serving GW
  • PDN-GW packet data network GW
  • the S-GW routes and forwards user data packets, manages and stores UE contexts, e.g. parameters of the IP bearer service, network internal routing information and also performs replication of the user traffic in case of lawful
  • the PDN-GW provides connectivity to the UE to external packet data networks (PDN) via SGi interface by being the point of exit and entry of traffic for the UE .
  • PDN packet data networks
  • a UE may have simultaneous connectivity with more than one PDN-GW for accessing multiple PDNs .
  • the PDN-GW performs policy enforcement, packet filtering for each user, charging
  • S5 can support both General Tunneling Protocol (GTP) and Proxy Mobile IPv6 ( ⁇ ) protocols .
  • GTP General Tunneling Protocol
  • ⁇ Proxy Mobile IPv6
  • EPC distinguishes between “trusted” and “untrusted” non-3GPP accesses and it is up to the operator to decide if a non-3GPP access is trusted or untrusted. The decision is not based just on the access network technology but may depend also on business considerations. Interworking with an untrusted access is performed via an evolved packet data gateway (ePDG) , which is similar to a virtual private network (VPN) concentrator: The UE has to establish an IP security (IPsec) tunnel with the ePDG to access operator's services. The ePDG may also implement IP mobility protocols. S2b reference point provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between the ePDG and the P-GW, including support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 ( ⁇ ) mobility protocol.
  • IPsec IP security
  • S2b reference point provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between the ePDG and the P-GW, including support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 ( ⁇ ) mobility protocol.
  • the UE does not need to establish an IPsec tunnel with the ePDG in advance but mobility protocols can be used directly between the non-3GPP access network and the EPC core network.
  • S2a reference point provides the user plane with related control and mobility support between trusted non-3GPP IP access and the P-GW, including support for Proxy Mobile IPv6 ( ⁇ ) and Mobile IPv4 (MIPv4) mobility protocols.
  • the non-3GPP access gateway can run the protocols.
  • the Policy and Charging Control (PCC) function specified e.g. in 3GPP TS 23.203 vll.1.0, applies operator's policy, QoS and charging control to any kind of 3GPP IP connectivity access network (IP-CAN) and to non-3GPP access system
  • Policy control means the process whereby the Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) indicates to the Policy and Charging Enforcement Function (PCEF) how to control the IP CAN bearer.
  • Policy control includes QoS control and/or gating control.
  • PCC rule is a set of information enabling the detection of a service data flow and providing parameters for policy control and/or charging control.
  • the Gx reference point enables the PCRF to have dynamic control over the PCC behavior at a PCEF.
  • the PCEF enforces the policy control indicated by PCRF and is often located in PDN-GW. If located in S-GW, it may be denoted by the Bearer Binding and Event Reporting Function (BBERF) .
  • BBERF Bearer Binding and Event Reporting Function
  • the PCC system uses IETF defined Diameter protocol and especially Credit Control application for signaling.
  • EPS provides an ANDSF as a supplementary function.
  • the purpose of the ANDSF is to assist UE to discover non-3GPP access networks - such as WLAN or Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) - that can be used for data communications in addition to 3GPP access networks (such as High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) or LTE) and to provide the UE with rules policing the connection to these networks.
  • ANDSF provides the UE with three sets of information: inter-system mobility policies, inter-system routing policies, and access network discovery information.
  • WLAN offload one problem is to identify which traffic should be offloaded (i.e. routed via WLAN) .
  • the optimum solution is to be able to identify the traffic that should be offloaded and the traffic that should not be offloaded.
  • the operator voice traffic is something that may be best not to offload, but the bulk internet traffic it may be ok to offload via WLAN.
  • the aim within standardization bodies has been to define a mechanism that is able to tackle all kinds of traffic at the same time.
  • this kind of full blown solution may be difficult to specify and expensive to implement and run.
  • a light-weight mechanism for traffic steering for WLAN offload is proposed. Instead of identifying all the traffic going through the operator networks, the invented mechanism concentrates on the few applications creating a major amount or most of the traffic.
  • identification of these applications may be based on the measurement of the traffic created by the applications.
  • the measurement of the traffic created by an application may be based for example on the total amount of transferred data during a specific timeframe, e.g. during a month, a day, or an operator defined busy hour. It may also be based on the amount of transferred data with relation to available
  • resources for example available resources on uplink (i.e. radio resources), available resources on downlink (i.e. radio resources), available transmission capacity (e.g. between a base station and a core network gateway) , available capacity in a gateway, or available APN routing capacity (e.g.
  • FIG. 2 shows an architecture according to some exemplary embodiments of the present invention, wherein procedures for offloading traffic from a first network (e.g. cellular radio network) to a second network (e.g. WLAN) may be performed.
  • a first network e.g. cellular radio network
  • a second network e.g. WLAN
  • a decision engine 100 may be capable of connecting both to an ANDSF 200 and a PCRF 300.
  • the ANDSF 200 may connect to user equipment (UE) or terminals 400 directly or via base stations or gateways.
  • UE user equipment
  • the operator identifies only few (or a few) most heavily used applications in its network (s), as described above. At least one
  • step SO application may be identified (step SO) based on the traffic created by the application, or on the network resource usage of the application.
  • the identification may be done during network planning e.g. based on historical data or it may be done dynamically e.g. based on real-time traffic analyzing. For example, existing policy and charging control (PCC) or Deep Packet Inspection (DPI) mechanisms may be used.
  • PCC policy and charging control
  • DPI Deep Packet Inspection
  • DPI means an act of any packet network element, which is not an endpoint of a communication, using non-header content (typically the actual payload) for some purpose. This is performed as the packet passes an inspection point, searching for protocol non-compliance, viruses, spam, intrusions or predefined criteria to decide what actions to take on the packet, including collecting statistical information.
  • DPI and filtering enables advanced network management, user service, and security functions.
  • DPI functionality may reside in a gateway, e.g. in a PDN-GW in case of 4G or in a GGSN in case of 3G, or it may be a standalone server having a DPI functionality. There may be an interface between the DPI functionality and a decision engine (see below) .
  • PCEF located e.g. in a PDN-GW or an ePDG, may report the results of the identification to policy and charging rules function (PCRF) which is further connected to a decision engine 100 (see below), i.e. there may be an interface between PCRF and the decision engine 100.
  • PCRF policy and charging rules function
  • the application identification may be done with a destination IP address (or an IP address range) only. For example, if a lot of traffic is generated to/from a certain IP address (or to a certain IP address range) , it may be enough to identify this IP address (or IP address range) . For example, if a specific video service is the source of major share of network traffic, the mechanism may just store the address/addresses used with this service. Depending on the situation, the used protocol, source and/or destination ports, or a so called 5-tuple (including source & destination IP address, source & destination ports, type of service) may act as a basis for the application identification.
  • a decision engine 100 may receive (step SI) information on the identified application ( s ) via an interface between the entity (e.g. DPI) and the decision engine 100.
  • entity e.g. DPI
  • the decision engine 100 may translate (step S2) the
  • the policies may comprise rule(s) for offloading traffic from a first network to a second network, e.g. from a cellular network like 3GPP radio access network to a WLAN network and/or to bypass the mobile core network (e.g. 3GPP core network) directly to internet .
  • a second network e.g. from a cellular network like 3GPP radio access network to a WLAN network and/or to bypass the mobile core network (e.g. 3GPP core network) directly to internet .
  • the decision engine 100 may forward (step S3) the formulated traffic steering policies to other network elements that may then take the traffic steering policies into use (step S4) .
  • These network elements may comprise for example a PCRF300, and/or information servers 200 (e.g. ANDSF server) that provide the traffic steering policies to the terminals 400.
  • the PCRF 300 may provide the
  • S4A i.e. to a user plane gateway (e.g. PDN-GW, or in GGSN in case of 3G) to be taken into use.
  • the user plane gateway may modify its behaviour (packet forwarding, routing
  • the information server 200 may provide (step S4B) corresponding policy information to terminals 400.
  • the information server 200 may receive (step S21) at least one traffic steering policy from the decision engine 100 and activate (step S22) the policy.
  • the activating may comprise providing policy information to terminal (s) 400.
  • the terminal 400 may receive (step S41) a traffic steering policy from the information server 200 and change (step S42) its behaviour based on the traffic steering policy e.g. by forwarding certain application data over a wireless local area network instead of a cellular network.
  • a new received traffic steering policy may indicate that certain application data will be forwarded over a certain WLAN network identified with service set identifier (SSID) , while some other
  • application data will be forwarded to any unspecified WLAN network and yet another application data will be forwarded to a 3GPP radio access network (e.g. internet high-speed packet access (IHSPA), long-term evolution (LTE) , home evolved node B (eNB) ) .
  • IHSPA internet high-speed packet access
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • eNB home evolved node B
  • ANDSF 200 may provide three kinds of information: Inter-System Mobility Policies (ISMP), Network Discovery Information and Inter- System Routing Policies (ISRP) .
  • ISRP can be used to provision application specific routing rules, i.e. traffic steering policies.
  • OMA DM Open Mobile Alliance Device Management
  • the PCRF 300 may receive S31 at least one traffic steering policy from the decision engine 100 and activate S32 the policy.
  • the activating may comprise providing the policy to the PCEF 500, i.e. to a user plane gateway, as a PCC rule or as a part of a PCC to be taken into use e.g. by modifying packet forwarding or routing decisions or providing the policies to hosts or terminals e.g. by modifying content of at least one routing advertisement.
  • the activating may also comprise using Wi-Fi Alliance specified methods (e.g. HotSpot 2.0) to deliver the policies to hosts or terminals.
  • the decision engine 100 may be a software or a hardware and it may reside basically anywhere in the network, e.g. within the network operations and maintenance functionality, as a part of the PCC structure, it may reside in some GW (e.g. PDN GW) or it may be a standalone server. Further, the decision engine 100 may have interface (s) to provide the modified traffic steering policies to the affected network elements. In addition, if ANDSF 200 is used, the decision engine may have an interface to ANDSF 200 to modify the ANDSF 200 policies. If the decision engine resides within a gateway, an interface between the decision engine 100 and a router sending RAs, and/or between the decision engine 100 and a DHCP server may be implemented, or an existing management interface (s) may be used for that. If PCC is used, similar modifications may be applied to support the modified decision engine policies also in PCRF.
  • the decision engine 100 may comprise a processor 102 configured to create at least one traffic steering policy and an output 103 configured to send the traffic steering policy to the information server 200 or to a PCRF 300 in the communication network.
  • the decision engine 100 may further comprise an input 101 configured to receive information on the identified application ( s ) from a network element.
  • the information server 200 may comprise an input 201 configured to receive at least one traffic steering policy from the decision engine 100 and a processor 202 configured to activate the traffic steering policy.
  • the information server 200 may further comprise an output 203 configured to provide policy information to a terminal 400.
  • the PCRF 300 may comprise an input 301 configured to receive at least one traffic steering policy from the decision engine 100 and a processor 302 configured to activate the traffic steering policy. It may further comprise an output 303 configured to provide said policy to the PCEF 500 as a PCC rule or as a part of a PCC rule .
  • the terminal 400 as illustrated in Figure 11, may comprise an input 401 configured to receive at least one traffic steering policy from the information server 300 and a
  • processor 402 configured to change behaviour of the mobile terminal 400 based on the traffic steering policy.
  • the PCEF 500 may comprise an input 501 configured to receive at least one traffic steering policy from the PCRF 300 as a PCC rule or as a part of a PCC rule, and a processor 502 configured to enforce the traffic steering policy. It may further comprise an output 503 configured to deliver the policies to hosts or terminals 400.
  • the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 may comprise a central processing unit (CPU) or any other means for processing.
  • the input 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 may comprise a receiver or any other means for receiving.
  • the output 103, 203, 303, 503 may comprise a transceiver or any other means for transmitting.
  • the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 the input 101, 201, 501 and output 103, 203, 303, 503 may exchange information over an internal interface of the corresponding apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400, 500.
  • the input 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 and the output 103, 203, 303, 503 of the apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 may be functionalities running on the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 of the apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, or may
  • 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 and the output 103, 203, 303, 503 may be implemented e.g. as physical transmitters/receivers for transceiving via the air interface, as routing entities for sending/receiving data packets in a PS (packet switched) network, or as any suitable combination thereof.
  • PS packet switched
  • the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 may be configured to process various data inputs and to control input 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 and the output 103, 203, 303, 502.
  • the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502 may be configured to process various data inputs and to control input 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 and the output 103, 203, 303, 502.
  • apparatus 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 may further comprise a memory that may serve for storing code means for carrying out e.g. the methods according to the examples of the present invention, when run e.g. on the processor 102, 202, 302, 402, 502.
  • the at least one traffic steering policy is created based on at least one identified application and the application is identified based on the measurement of the traffic created by the application.
  • the measurement of the traffic created by an application may be based e.g. on the total amount of transferred data during a specific timeframe. It may also be based on the amount of transferred data with relation to available resources or on the amount of signalling data created by an application.
  • the above described mechanism may be most efficient when the application identification can be done in real-time and the results of the identification can automatically be given as an input to the decision engine.
  • the proposed mechanism can ensure that UEs are instructed to use e.g. different network, or different parts of network.
  • the above described mechanism may be executed continuously so that the changing load situations can be tackled in real-time taking most out of the existing network hardware.
  • the present invention applies offloading traffic between 3GPP network and WLAN in either direction.
  • the invention may also be applied for offloading traffic from WLAN to 3GPP network.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé, des appareils et un support lisible par ordinateur pour orienter un trafic dans un réseau de communication, le procédé comprenant la réception au niveau d'un premier élément de réseau d'une instruction d'orientation de trafic à partir d'un second élément de réseau et l'activation de l'instruction d'orientation de trafic, l'instruction d'orientation de trafic étant créée par le second élément de réseau sur la base d'au moins une application identifiée et l'application étant identifiée sur la base du trafic créé par l'application.
PCT/EP2011/056987 2011-05-03 2011-05-03 Décharge de trafic dans des réseaux de communication WO2012149954A1 (fr)

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