WO2012143287A2 - Charging system for charging a traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle - Google Patents

Charging system for charging a traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012143287A2
WO2012143287A2 PCT/EP2012/056701 EP2012056701W WO2012143287A2 WO 2012143287 A2 WO2012143287 A2 WO 2012143287A2 EP 2012056701 W EP2012056701 W EP 2012056701W WO 2012143287 A2 WO2012143287 A2 WO 2012143287A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rectifier
charging
motor vehicle
charging system
supply network
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/056701
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012143287A3 (en
Inventor
Jörg Welschholz
Original Assignee
Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co Kg filed Critical Leopold Kostal Gmbh & Co Kg
Publication of WO2012143287A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012143287A2/en
Publication of WO2012143287A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012143287A3/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/04—Cutting off the power supply under fault conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/90—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving detection or optimisation of position, e.g. alignment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a charging system for charging the traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle, comprising a first
  • Rectifier the input side with an AC or
  • Three-phase supply network is electrically connected, and the output side is connected via a provided for stabilizing the DC voltage generated intermediate circuit with the input of an output side connected to the traction battery charging control circuit.
  • the electrical connection between the AC or three-phase supply network and the rectifier is usually made by connectors.
  • a charge cable of a stationary charging station provided with a corresponding connector part is manually connected to a mating connector part provided on the motor vehicle.
  • the present invention has for its object to form a charging system for charging the traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle so that it is as simple as possible, universal and comfortable
  • Rectifier is connected, the input side is connected to a vehicle-side electrical winding, via the electrical energy from one to an AC or three-phase supply network
  • a stationary electric winding comprising coupling device can be inductively transmitted to the motor vehicle.
  • the stationary electrical winding of the charging station and the vehicle-side electrical winding together form a transformer, wherein the stationary electrical winding fulfill the function of the primary winding and the vehicle-side electrical winding the function of the secondary winding of the transformer.
  • the electrical windings can be embodied, for example, as air coils and / or as coils with a magnetic core, wherein the shape and cross section of both the coils and the possibly present cores to the respective requirements in terms of space, possible distances of the coils to each other and to be transmitted electrical power can be adjusted.
  • the components of the charging system according to the invention are preferably combined to form a device and surrounded by a common housing.
  • the first rectifier, the intermediate circuit and the charge control circuit can be accommodated in a common housing, which is provided with a first plug connection for electrical contacting with the AC or three-phase supply network and with a second plug connection for electrical contacting with the second rectifier. Since high voltages can be fed from different sides, it is advantageous to ensure safe handling to make these two connectors so that both the plug and the socket-side connector parts are provided with protection against accidental contact.
  • the vehicle-side components for inductive energy transmission as
  • the single figure shows a schematic representation of a
  • Embodiment of a charging system according to the invention Shown here is a charging station 8, in which both a galvanic coupling of the
  • a significant advantage of the charging system according to the invention is that even the existence of one of these possibilities at a charging station 8 is sufficient to make a charge of the traction battery 1 to be able to. This makes the charging system much more flexible. For example, in the domestic garage only an inductive
  • Handling steps is to use while recharging on the road can be accessed at any time on the connection by means of cables and connectors, which may be found more frequently at publicly available charging stations, for example.
  • galvanic coupling with the AC or three-phase Supply network 2 causes an automatic separation of the electrical connection with the inductive transmission system. If the galvanic coupling of the vehicle-side charging system with the AC or three-phase supply system 2, as shown in the drawing, via a connector 10, it can be operated with the plug operation, for example, a - not shown here - switch, the electrical
  • a dockable to the motor vehicle coupling device is present in the charging station 8, which has a stationary electrical winding 9.
  • vehicle-side electrical winding 7 is disposed behind a license plate 12 of the motor vehicle.
  • On the outer surface of the license plate 12 is a
  • License plate 12 the smallest possible distance between the
  • the transformer is operated at a frequency on the order of about 100 kHz, and the second rectifier 6 is designed to convert the secondary-side voltage of this frequency into a DC voltage.
  • the second rectifier 6 is designed to convert the secondary-side voltage of this frequency into a DC voltage.
  • the height of the DC voltage is between about 140 volts and 350 volts.
  • This DC voltage is supplied to the input side of the first rectifier 3, which in turn is adapted to a Convert AC voltage of this size and with a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz in a corresponding DC voltage.
  • the this first rectifier 3 "AC side" supplied DC output voltage of the second rectifier 6 passes this - virtually without hindrance - except for small losses.
  • the first rectifier 3 is connected on the output side to the intermediate circuit 4 of the charging system, which itself is in turn connected to the input of a charge control circuit 5 which charges the traction battery 1 of the motor vehicle with the electrical energy supplied to it.
  • the first rectifier 3 can be connected both via the connector 10 directly to the AC or three-phase supply network 2, as well as via the connector 1 1 with the output of the second
  • Rectifier 6 the input itself with the vehicle side
  • connection is provided via a cable with connector, he manually attaches the coupling device with the stationary electrical winding 9 to the outside of the license plate 12, behind which the vehicle-side electrical winding 7 is arranged.
  • the attachment of the coupling device can also be carried out fully automatically even without human participation, such as a camera-based positioning device the exact location of
  • Identification plate 12 detects and applies the coupling device positionally accurate to the outer surface of the license plate 12.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

A charging system for charging the traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle, which comprises a first rectifier the input side of which can be galvanically connected to an alternating voltage supply network or three-phase current supply network and the output side of which is connected to the input of a charge regulation circuit via an intermediate circuit provided for stabilization of the generated direct voltage, the output side of said charge regulation circuit being connected to the traction battery. The charging system according to the invention is characterized in that the input of the first rectifier can be optionally also connected to the output of a second rectifier the input side of which is connected to an electric winding on the vehicle side by means of which the electric energy from a charge station connected to the alternating voltage supply network or three-phase current supply network can be inductively transferred onto the motor vehicle using a coupling device that can be added on to the motor vehicle and comprises a stationary electric winding.

Description

Ladesystem zum Laden der Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch  Charging system for charging the traction battery of an electric
angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs  driven motor vehicle
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Ladesystem zum Laden der Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs, umfassend einen ersten The invention relates to a charging system for charging the traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle, comprising a first
Gleichrichter, der eingangsseitig mit einem Wechselspannungs- oder Rectifier, the input side with an AC or
Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz galvanisch verbindbar ist, und der ausgangsseitig über einen zur Stabilisierung der erzeugten Gleichspannung vorgesehenen Zwischenkreis mit dem Eingang einer ausgangsseitig mit der Traktionsbatterie verbundenen Laderegelschaltung verbunden ist. Three-phase supply network is electrically connected, and the output side is connected via a provided for stabilizing the DC voltage generated intermediate circuit with the input of an output side connected to the traction battery charging control circuit.
Bei derartigen Ladesystemen wird die galvanische Verbindung zwischen dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz und dem Gleichrichter in der Regel durch Steckverbinder hergestellt. Wenn die Traktionsbatterie des Fahrzeugs geladen werden soll, wird dazu ein mit einem entsprechenden Steckverbinderteil versehenes Ladekabel einer stationären Ladestation mit einem an dem Kraftfahrzeug vorhandenen Gegensteckverbinderteil manuell verbunden. Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Ladesystem zum Laden der Traktionsbatterie eines elektrisch angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs so auszubilden, dass es möglichst einfach, universell und komfortabel In such charging systems, the electrical connection between the AC or three-phase supply network and the rectifier is usually made by connectors. When the traction battery of the vehicle is to be loaded, a charge cable of a stationary charging station provided with a corresponding connector part is manually connected to a mating connector part provided on the motor vehicle. The present invention has for its object to form a charging system for charging the traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle so that it is as simple as possible, universal and comfortable
verwendbar ist. Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass der Eingang des ersten Gleichrichters wahlweise auch mit dem Ausgang eines zweiten is usable. This object is achieved in that the input of the first rectifier optionally with the output of a second
Gleichrichters verbindbar ist, der eingangsseitig mit einer fahrzeugseitigen elektrischen Wicklung verbunden ist, über die elektrische Energie aus einer an einem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz Rectifier is connected, the input side is connected to a vehicle-side electrical winding, via the electrical energy from one to an AC or three-phase supply network
angeschlossenen Ladestation mit einer an das Kraftfahrzeug anfügbaren, eine stationäre elektrische Wicklung umfassenden Ankoppelvorrichtung induktiv auf das Kraftfahrzeug übertragen werden kann. connected charging station with an attachable to the motor vehicle, a stationary electric winding comprising coupling device can be inductively transmitted to the motor vehicle.
Wenn die Ankoppelvorrichtung an das Kraftfahrzeug angefügt ist, bilden die stationäre elektrische Wicklung der Ladestation und die fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung gemeinsam einen Transformator aus, wobei die stationäre elektrische Wicklung die Funktion der Primärwicklung und die fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung die Funktion der Sekundärwicklung des Transformators erfüllen. Die elektrischen Wicklungen können dabei beispielsweise als Luftspulen und/oder als Spulen mit magnetischem Kern ausgeführt sein, wobei Form und Querschnitt sowohl der Spulen als auch der ggf. vorhandenen Kerne an die jeweiligen Erfordernisse bezüglich Bauraum, möglicher Abstände der Spulen zueinander sowie zu übertragender elektrischer Leistung angepasst werden können. When the coupling device is attached to the motor vehicle, the stationary electrical winding of the charging station and the vehicle-side electrical winding together form a transformer, wherein the stationary electrical winding fulfill the function of the primary winding and the vehicle-side electrical winding the function of the secondary winding of the transformer. The electrical windings can be embodied, for example, as air coils and / or as coils with a magnetic core, wherein the shape and cross section of both the coils and the possibly present cores to the respective requirements in terms of space, possible distances of the coils to each other and to be transmitted electrical power can be adjusted.
Die Komponenten des erfindungsgemäßen Ladesystems sind vorzugsweise zu einem Gerät zusammengefasst und von einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse umgeben. Dabei können z.B. der erste Gleichrichter, der Zwischenkreis und die Laderegelschaltung in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse aufgenommen sein, das mit einer ersten Steckverbindung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung mit dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz und mit einer zweiten Steckverbindung zur elektrischen Kontaktierung mit dem zweiten Gleichrichter versehen ist. Da hier von unterschiedlichen Seiten hohe Spannungen eingespeist werden können, ist es zur Gewährleistung einer sicheren Handhabung vorteilhaft, diese beiden Steckverbindungen so zu gestalten, dass sowohl die Stecker- als auch die buchsenseitigen Steckverbinderteile mit Schutzvorrichtungen gegen unbeabsichtigte Berührung versehen sind. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Ladesystem ist es einfach möglich, die fahrzeugseitigen Komponenten zur induktiven Energieübertragung als The components of the charging system according to the invention are preferably combined to form a device and surrounded by a common housing. In this case, for example, the first rectifier, the intermediate circuit and the charge control circuit can be accommodated in a common housing, which is provided with a first plug connection for electrical contacting with the AC or three-phase supply network and with a second plug connection for electrical contacting with the second rectifier. Since high voltages can be fed from different sides, it is advantageous to ensure safe handling to make these two connectors so that both the plug and the socket-side connector parts are provided with protection against accidental contact. In the charging system according to the invention, it is easily possible, the vehicle-side components for inductive energy transmission as
Nachrüstlösung vorzusehen. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des Provide retrofit solution. Further advantageous embodiments and further developments of
erfindungsgemäßen Ladesystems ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und werden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. loading system of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and will be explained with reference to the drawing.
Dabei zeigt die einzige Figur in einer schematischen Darstellung eine The single figure shows a schematic representation of a
Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen Ladesystems. Dargestellt ist hier eine Ladestation 8, bei der sowohl eine galvanische Kopplung des Embodiment of a charging system according to the invention. Shown here is a charging station 8, in which both a galvanic coupling of the
fahrzeugseitigen Ladesystems mit einem Wechselspannungs- oder on-board charging system with an AC or
Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz 2 vorgesehen ist, als auch eine galvanisch getrennte Kopplung mittels einer stationären elektrischen Wicklung 9. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Ladesystems besteht darin, dass bereits das Vorhandendsein einer dieser Möglichkeiten bei einer Ladestation 8 ausreichend ist, um eine Ladung der Traktionsbatterie 1 vornehmen zu können. Dadurch wird das Ladesystem wesentlich flexibler nutzbar. So kann beispielsweise in der heimischen Garage ausschließlich eine induktive A significant advantage of the charging system according to the invention is that even the existence of one of these possibilities at a charging station 8 is sufficient to make a charge of the traction battery 1 to be able to. This makes the charging system much more flexible. For example, in the domestic garage only an inductive
Übertragung vorgesehen sein, die bequem und ohne umständliche Transmission can be provided conveniently and without cumbersome
Handhabungsschritte zu nutzen ist, während zum Nachladen unterwegs auch jederzeit auf die Verbindung mittels Kabel und Steckverbinder zurückgegriffen werden kann, die etwa an öffentlich zugänglichen Ladestationen ggf. häufiger anzutreffen sein wird.  Handling steps is to use while recharging on the road can be accessed at any time on the connection by means of cables and connectors, which may be found more frequently at publicly available charging stations, for example.
Um zu verhindern, dass dort, wo an einer Ladestation 8 die Nutzung beider Übertragungswege möglich ist, versehentlich beide parallel aktiviert werden und damit ein Kurzschluss verursacht wird, ist es vorteilhaft, einen In order to prevent that where it is possible to use both transmission paths at a charging station 8, both are inadvertently activated in parallel and thus a short circuit is caused, it is advantageous to use a
Mechanismus vorzusehen, der beispielsweise beim Herstellen der To provide mechanism, for example, in the manufacture of the
galvanischen Kopplung mit dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom- Versorgungsnetz 2 eine automatische Trennung der elektrischen Verbindung mit dem induktiven Übertragungssystem bewirkt. Wenn die galvanische Kopplung des fahrzeugseitigen Ladesystems mit dem Wechselspannungsoder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz 2, wie in der Zeichnung zu sehen, über eine Steckverbindung 10 erfolgt, so kann mit dem Steckvorgang beispielsweise ein - hier nicht dargestellter - Schalter betätigt werden, der die elektrische galvanic coupling with the AC or three-phase Supply network 2 causes an automatic separation of the electrical connection with the inductive transmission system. If the galvanic coupling of the vehicle-side charging system with the AC or three-phase supply system 2, as shown in the drawing, via a connector 10, it can be operated with the plug operation, for example, a - not shown here - switch, the electrical
Verbindung zu dem zweiten Gleichrichter 6 unterbricht. Connection to the second rectifier 6 interrupts.
Zur induktiven Energieübertragung auf das Fahrzeug ist in der Ladestation 8 eine an das Kraftfahrzeug anfügbare Ankoppelvorrichtung vorhanden, die eine stationäre elektrische Wicklung 9 aufweist. Die zur Kooperation mit dieser stationären elektrischen Wicklung 9 vorgesehene fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung 7 ist hinter einem Kennzeichenschild 12 des Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet. An die Außenfläche des Kennzeichenschildes 12 ist eine For inductive energy transmission to the vehicle, a dockable to the motor vehicle coupling device is present in the charging station 8, which has a stationary electrical winding 9. The provided for cooperation with this stationary electrical winding 9 vehicle-side electrical winding 7 is disposed behind a license plate 12 of the motor vehicle. On the outer surface of the license plate 12 is a
Anlagefläche der Ankoppelvorrichtung der Ladestation 8 anfügbar, so dass die stationäre elektrische Wicklung 9 der Ladestation 8 als Primärwicklung und die fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung 7 als Sekundärwicklung gemeinsam einen Transformator ausbilden. Zur Erzielung eines hohen Wirkungsgrades der Energieübertragung mittels dieses Transformators muss beim Anfügen der Anlagefläche der Ankoppelvorrichtung an die Außenfläche des Contact surface of the coupling device of the charging station 8 attachable, so that the stationary electrical winding 9 of the charging station 8 as a primary winding and the vehicle-side electrical winding 7 as a secondary winding together form a transformer. To achieve a high degree of energy transfer efficiency by means of this transformer when attaching the contact surface of the coupling device to the outer surface of the
Kennzeichenschildes 12 ein möglichst geringer Abstand zwischen der  License plate 12 the smallest possible distance between the
Primärwicklung und der Sekundärwicklung erreicht werden. Der Transformator wird bei einer Frequenz in der Größenordnung von ca. 100 kHz betrieben, und der zweite Gleichrichter 6 ist dazu ausgelegt, die sekundärseitige Spannung dieser Frequenz in eine Gleichspannung umzuwandeln. Je nach Art desPrimary winding and the secondary winding can be achieved. The transformer is operated at a frequency on the order of about 100 kHz, and the second rectifier 6 is designed to convert the secondary-side voltage of this frequency into a DC voltage. Depending on the type of
Versorgungsnetzes 2 auf der Primärseite, also insbesondere auch danach, ob es sich dabei um ein Wechselspannungs- oder ein Drehstrom- Versorgungsnetz 2 handelt, liegt die Höhe der Gleichspannung zwischen etwa 140 Volt und 350 Volt. Diese Gleichspannung wird der Eingangsseite des ersten Gleichrichters 3 zugeführt, der seinerseits dazu ausgelegt ist, eine Wechselspannung eben dieser Größe und mit einer Frequenz von 50 bis 60 Hz in eine entsprechende Gleichspannung umzuwandeln. Die diesem ersten Gleichrichter 3„wechselspannungsseitig" zugeführte Ausgangs- Gleichspannung des zweiten Gleichrichters 6 passiert diesen - bis auf geringe Verluste - praktisch ungehindert. Supply network 2 on the primary side, ie in particular also whether it is an AC or a three-phase supply network 2, the height of the DC voltage is between about 140 volts and 350 volts. This DC voltage is supplied to the input side of the first rectifier 3, which in turn is adapted to a Convert AC voltage of this size and with a frequency of 50 to 60 Hz in a corresponding DC voltage. The this first rectifier 3 "AC side" supplied DC output voltage of the second rectifier 6 passes this - virtually without hindrance - except for small losses.
Der erste Gleichrichter 3 ist ausgangsseitig mit dem Zwischenkreis 4 des Ladesystems verbunden, welcher selbst wiederum mit dem Eingang einer Laderegelschaltung 5 verbunden ist, die mit der ihr zugeführten elektrischen Energie die Traktionsbatterie 1 des Kraftfahrzeugs lädt. Eingangsseitig kann der erste Gleichrichter 3 sowohl über die Steckverbindung 10 direkt mit dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz 2 verbunden sein, als auch über die Steckverbindung 1 1 mit dem Ausgang des zweiten The first rectifier 3 is connected on the output side to the intermediate circuit 4 of the charging system, which itself is in turn connected to the input of a charge control circuit 5 which charges the traction battery 1 of the motor vehicle with the electrical energy supplied to it. On the input side, the first rectifier 3 can be connected both via the connector 10 directly to the AC or three-phase supply network 2, as well as via the connector 1 1 with the output of the second
Gleichrichters 6, der selbst eingangsseitig mit der fahrzeugseitigen Rectifier 6, the input itself with the vehicle side
elektrischen Wicklung 7 verbunden ist. electrical winding 7 is connected.
Zum Laden der Traktionsbatterien 1 fährt der Fahrer des elektrisch To load the traction batteries 1, the driver drives the electric
angetriebenen Fahrzeugs an die Ladestation 8 heran und stellt manuell die galvanische Verbindung zur Ladestation 8 her, indem er ein Steckverbinderteil eines Ladekabels der Ladestation 8 mit einem an dem Kraftfahrzeug vorhandenen Gegensteckverbinderteil zur Bildung der Steckverbindung 10 koppelt. driven vehicle to the charging station 8 and manually establishes the electrical connection to the charging station 8, by coupling a connector part of a charging cable of the charging station 8 with an existing on the motor vehicle mating connector part to form the connector 10.
Alternativ dazu, wenn etwa bei der betreffenden Ladestation 8 keine Alternatively, if at about the charging station 8 no
Verbindung über ein Kabel mit Steckverbinder vorgesehen ist, fügt er manuell die Ankoppelvorrichtung mit der stationären elektrischen Wicklung 9 an die Außenseite des amtlichen Kennzeichenschildes 12 an, hinter dem die fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung 7 angeordnet ist. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Ladestation 8 kann das Anfügen der Ankoppelvorrichtung auch ohne menschliche Mitwirkung vollautomatisch erfolgen, wobei z.B. eine kameragestützte Positionierungsvorrichtung die genaue Lage des Connection is provided via a cable with connector, he manually attaches the coupling device with the stationary electrical winding 9 to the outside of the license plate 12, behind which the vehicle-side electrical winding 7 is arranged. Depending on the configuration of the charging station 8, the attachment of the coupling device can also be carried out fully automatically even without human participation, such as a camera-based positioning device the exact location of
Kennzeichenschildes 12 erkennt und die Ankoppelvorrichtung positionsgenau an die Außenfläche des Kennzeichenschildes 12 anlegt. Identification plate 12 detects and applies the coupling device positionally accurate to the outer surface of the license plate 12.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1 . Ladesystem zum Laden der Traktionsbatterie (1 ) eines elektrisch 1 . Charging system for charging the traction battery (1) of an electric
angetriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs, umfassend einen ersten Gleichrichter (3), der eingangsseitig mit einem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom- Versorgungsnetz (2) galvanisch verbindbar ist und der ausgangsseitig über einen zur Stabilisierung der erzeugten Gleichspannung vorgesehenen Zwischenkreis (4) mit dem Eingang einer ausgangsseitig mit der  driven motor vehicle, comprising a first rectifier (3), the input side with an AC or three-phase supply network (2) is electrically connected and the output side via a provided for stabilizing the DC voltage generated intermediate circuit (4) with the input of an output side with the
Traktionsbatterie (1 ) verbundenen Laderegelschaltung (5) verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Eingang des ersten Gleichrichters (3) wahlweise auch mit dem Ausgang eines zweiten Gleichrichters (6) verbindbar ist, der eingangsseitig mit einer fahrzeugseitigen elektrischen Wicklung (7) verbunden ist, über die elektrische Energie aus einer an einem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom-Versorgungsnetz (2) angeschlossenen Ladestation (8) mit einer an das Kraftfahrzeug anfügbaren, eine stationäre elektrische Wicklung (9) umfassenden  Traction battery (1) connected charge control circuit (5), characterized in that the input of the first rectifier (3) optionally also with the output of a second rectifier (6) is connectable, which is the input side connected to a vehicle-side electrical winding (7) , via which electrical energy from a charging station (8) connected to an AC or three-phase supply network (2) with a stationary electrical winding (9) which can be attached to the motor vehicle
Ankoppelvorrichtung induktiv auf das Kraftfahrzeug übertragen werden kann.  Coupling device can be inductively transmitted to the motor vehicle.
2. Ladesystem nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die 2. Loading system according to claim 1, characterized in that the
stationäre elektrische Wicklung (9) der Ladestation (8) und die  stationary electrical winding (9) of the charging station (8) and the
fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung (7) gemeinsam einen Transformator ausbilden.  vehicle-side electrical winding (7) together form a transformer.
3. Ladesystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrischen Wicklungen (7, 9) als Luftspulen und/oder als Spulen mit magnetischem Kern ausgeführt sind. 3. charging system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical windings (7, 9) are designed as air coils and / or as coils with magnetic core.
4. Ladesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Gleichrichter (3) eingangsseitig über eine erste Steckverbindung (10) mit dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom- Versorgungsnetz (2) und über eine zweite Steckverbindung (1 1 ) mit dem zweiten Gleichrichter (6) verbindbar ist. 4. charging system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first rectifier (3) on the input side via a first Plug connection (10) with the AC or three-phase supply network (2) and via a second plug connection (1 1) with the second rectifier (6) is connectable.
5. Ladesystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Steckverbindungen (10, 1 1 ) so beschaffen sind, dass sowohl die stecker- als auch die buchsenseitigen Steckverbinderteile mit Schutzvorrichtungen gegen unbeabsichtigte Berührung versehen sind. 5. charging system according to claim 4, characterized in that the two connectors (10, 1 1) are such that both the male and the female connector parts are provided with protection against accidental contact.
6. Ladesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der erste Gleichrichter (3), der Zwischenkreis (4) und die 6. charging system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first rectifier (3), the intermediate circuit (4) and the
Laderegelschaltung (5) in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse aufgenommen sind, das mit einer ersten Steckverbindung (10) zur elektrischen  Charging control circuit (5) are accommodated in a common housing, with a first connector (10) for electrical
Kontaktierung mit dem Wechselspannungs- oder Drehstrom- Versorgungsnetz (2) und mit einer zweiten Steckverbindung (1 1 ) zur elektrischen Kontaktierung mit dem zweiten Gleichrichter (6) versehen ist.  Contacting the AC or three-phase supply network (2) and with a second connector (1 1) for electrical contact with the second rectifier (6) is provided.
7. Ladesystem nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die fahrzeugseitige elektrische Wicklung (7) hinter einem 7. charging system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vehicle-side electrical winding (7) behind a
Kennzeichenschild (12) des Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet ist, und dass an die Außenfläche des Kennzeichenschildes eine Anlagefläche der  License plate (12) of the motor vehicle is arranged, and that on the outer surface of the license plate a contact surface of the
Ankoppelvorrichtung der Ladestation anfügbar ist.  Ankoppelvorrichtung the charging station is attachable.
PCT/EP2012/056701 2011-04-16 2012-04-12 Charging system for charging a traction battery of an electrically driven motor vehicle WO2012143287A2 (en)

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