WO2012142736A1 - 配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统 - Google Patents

配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012142736A1
WO2012142736A1 PCT/CN2011/001894 CN2011001894W WO2012142736A1 WO 2012142736 A1 WO2012142736 A1 WO 2012142736A1 CN 2011001894 W CN2011001894 W CN 2011001894W WO 2012142736 A1 WO2012142736 A1 WO 2012142736A1
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Prior art keywords
phase
energy meter
standard
electric energy
voltage
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PCT/CN2011/001894
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
江波
杨华云
蒋卫
蒋映霞
何娜
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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Application filed by Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd, State Grid Corp of China SGCC filed Critical Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Co Ltd
Priority to GB1320625.5A priority Critical patent/GB2504899B/en
Publication of WO2012142736A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012142736A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/04—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of instruments for measuring time integral of power or current

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a detection and verification device for an electric energy meter, in particular to a running performance detection system for a three-phase electric energy metering device of a distribution network, which is specifically used for detecting the overall running performance of an electric energy metering device of a three-phase power supply system of a distribution network, and is particularly suitable for The overall verification (verification) of the electric energy metering device composed of the high-voltage three-phase combined transformer.
  • the installation of the energy metering and metering device of the three-phase power supply system basically adopts three-phase three-wire (V-V) wiring, which is widely used in urban power grids and rural power grids. That is to say, the energy metering of such a system is carried out in a three-phase three-wire (V-V wiring) metering mode, so that for metering verification or verification, it should also be performed in this mode to meet their actual operation. In this way, the accuracy and fairness of the verification (verification) can be reflected to the greatest extent, and can be recognized by the majority of users. This is also the technical means and measures that the power system should carry out quality services and social harmony.
  • the current verification (calibration) method of the electric energy metering device of the domestic three-phase power supply system is not the overall verification in accordance with the three-phase three-wire measurement method as described above.
  • the left part of the dotted line in Fig. 1 is the principle block diagram of the electric energy metering adopted by the three-phase power supply system in the field.
  • the detection of the metering device as shown in Fig. 1 is to verify (verify) each metering component separately, and then calculate the entire metering. The error performance of the system.
  • This test method cannot simulate the actual operating conditions and environment of the field for performance testing, especially for the verification of three-phase voltage transformer (TV) and three-phase current transformer (TA) in the three-phase combined transformer.
  • the method is verified, and the interaction between the electric field and the magnetic field between the three-phase voltage transformer (TV) and the three-phase current transformer (TA) in the three-phase combined transformer and the actual running performance under the actual load of the transformer cannot be detected. .
  • the energy meter is also tested separately for performance.
  • the three-phase power supply system energy metering is reflected in the trade settlement.
  • the electricity consumption is expressed and displayed according to the energy meter in the last loop of the system.
  • the relevant national standards stipulate the accuracy level of each equipment in the metering system, Their error can be positive or negative deviation within a certain accuracy level.
  • the error of TV is +0.1%
  • the error of TA is +0. 1%
  • the error of electric energy meter is also +0. 1%, although the electric energy meter error does not exceed 0.2% at this time, but in theory the actual error of the metering system is 0.3%, which exceeds the actual electric energy meter detection error, and exceeds the nameplate of the electric energy meter. Weighed 0.2. So in the periodic verification or dimming of the metering system In arbitration, it is not convincing to explain the accuracy of the entire measurement system based on the error of the energy meter, and the method and conclusion of such verification do not conform to the actual operation of the measurement system.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an on-site overall detection system for a three-phase electric energy metering system of a distribution network with small overall error and accurate measurement and verification.
  • an on-site overall detection system for a three-phase electric energy metering system of a distribution network comprising: an electric energy meter tester, a portable adjustable three-phase power supply: a voltage of 3 kV to 35 kV, a current of 0 to 600 A; Have,
  • Three-phase voltage transformer TV one end of each of its three primary windings is connected to one phase line of the three-phase power source, and the other ends of the three primary windings are connected to each other, and three of the secondary windings are One end of each secondary winding is connected to one end of a voltage coil of a single-phase single-energy meter in the three-phase four-wire active energy meter, and the other end of the voltage coil of each single-phase electric energy meter is connected with the neutral line of the three-phase power supply. The other ends of the three secondary windings are connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power supply;
  • Three-phase current transformer TA Each of its three coils is placed on a phase line of a three-phase power supply (ie, trapped), and each of the three coils and a three-phase four-wire active energy meter a current coil of a single-phase electric energy meter is connected in series;
  • Standard three-phase voltage transformer STV One end of each of its three primary windings is connected to one phase of a three-phase power supply, and the other ends of the three primary windings are connected to each other, each of the three secondary windings One end of the secondary winding is connected to one end of a standard single-phase electric energy meter of a standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter, and the other end of the voltage coil of each standard single-phase electric energy meter is zero with the three-phase power supply. a line connection, the other ends of the three secondary coils are connected to a neutral line of the three-phase power source;
  • Standard three-phase current transformer STA Each of its three coils is placed on a phase line of a three-phase power supply, and each of the three coils is in a standard with a standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter.
  • the current coil of the single-phase electric energy meter is connected in series;
  • the three-phase four-wire active energy meter and the signal output end of the standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter are respectively connected The signal input of the energy meter calibrator.
  • the accuracy of the above-mentioned standard three-phase voltage transformer STV is 2 ⁇ 3 grades higher than that of the three-phase voltage transformer TV; the accuracy of the standard three-phase current transformer STA is higher than that of the three-phase current transformer TA 2 ⁇ 3 levels; the accuracy of the standard single-phase four-wire active energy meter is 2 ⁇ 3 higher than the accuracy of the three-phase four-wire active energy meter.
  • the invention establishes a method for detecting the overall operation performance of the electric energy metering device of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network, and specifically constructs a set of energy metering system standards which are completely consistent with the structure of the on-site electric energy metering system, in the same set of high voltage three-phase voltage Under the driving of the source and the current source, the electric energy accumulated by the two systems under the same operating conditions is compared at the same time, and the overall running performance of the electric energy metering device of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network is obtained. In this way, the actual operating state of the electric energy metering device of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network is simulated, and the overall performance of the operation performance is detected in this state. Therefore, the present invention is the most authentic verification (verification) of the metering system.
  • the method utilizes the wiring method consistent with the actual operating system, and the book overcomes the shortcomings of the component error superimposition and cannot be truly embodied in the final metering electric energy meter when the metrological verification is verified, and the metering system can be obtained under various load currents. Based on the actual error value, on the basis of this, the combination of each metering component in the system is targeted, and the overall error is minimized, that is, the accuracy and fairness of the measurement are realized.
  • a set of energy metering system standards for the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network with the structure of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network is constructed.
  • the accuracy level is higher than that of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network.
  • the overall accuracy level of the metering device is 2 to 3 accuracy levels.
  • the standard of high-voltage current transformer is established. It adopts full-insulation structure and can withstand the voltage level of 3 ⁇ 35kV. The influence of high-voltage leakage current on the current transformer is not more than 1/10 of the standard error limit of current transformer.
  • the portable three-phase power supply that can be used in the event of power failure can generate high-voltage three-phase current and three-phase voltage without externally providing AC test power, and access the power supply system standard of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network (by standard) Three-phase voltage transformer (standard TV), standard three-phase current transformer (standard TA) and standard electric energy meter) and on-site distribution network three-phase power supply system energy metering system, so that both are under simulated actual operating conditions Operation, the electric energy and other parameters accumulated by the two metering systems under the same high-voltage excitation source are simultaneously input into the electric energy meter calibrator for verification (verification), thereby obtaining the overall operational performance of the real-life distribution network three-phase power supply system energy metering system. 4.
  • This method not only performs overall verification (verification) on the electric energy metering device of the three-phase power supply system of the on-site distribution network, but also separately tests the three-phase combined transformer and electric energy meter separately, and according to the individual error of each equipment. The combination is matched to achieve the minimum overall error of the energy metering system of the three-phase power supply system of the distribution network.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the overall verification wiring diagram of the present invention (V-V type connection method).
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the overall verification wiring diagram of the present invention (Y-Y type connection method). detailed description
  • Figure 2 TV, voltage transformer; TA, current transformer; STV, standard voltage transformer; STA, standard current transformer.
  • Power supply Three-phase high-voltage power supply (Depending on the field device parameters, the voltage can be 3kV ⁇ 35kV; the current source part can output 0 ⁇ 600A).
  • Three-phase three-wire active energy meter (ie electricity meter): On-site energy meter for trade settlement.
  • This wiring diagram is a three-phase three-wire metering method, V-V type connection method.
  • the upper left side is a three-phase three-wire active energy meter
  • the upper right side is a standard electric energy meter. The same is true in Figure 3.
  • TV voltage transformer
  • TA current transformer
  • STV standard voltage transformer
  • STA standard current transformer
  • Power supply Three-phase high-voltage power supply (Depending on the field device parameters, the voltage can be 3kV ⁇ 35kV; the current source part can output 0 ⁇ 600A).
  • Three-phase four-wire active energy meter On-site energy meter for trade settlement.
  • This wiring diagram is a three-phase four-wire i-ten method, YY-type connection method, the left side of the dotted line is the on-site electric energy metering device, and the right side of the dotted line is the standard electric energy metering device that is consistent with the structure of the on-site electric energy metering device.
  • the present invention comprises a power meter tester and a portable adjustable three-phase power source: a voltage of 3 kV to 35 kV, a current of 0 to 600 A;
  • Three-phase voltage transformer TV one end of each of its three primary windings is connected to one phase line of the three-phase power source, and the other ends of the three primary windings are connected to each other, and three of the secondary windings are One end of each secondary winding is connected to one end of a voltage coil of a single-phase single-energy meter in the three-phase four-wire active energy meter, and the other end of the voltage coil of each single-phase electric energy meter is connected with the neutral line of the three-phase power supply. The other ends of the three secondary windings are connected to the neutral line of the three-phase power supply;
  • Three-phase current transformer TA Each of its three coils is placed on a phase line of a three-phase power supply (ie, trapped), and each of the three coils and a three-phase four-wire active energy meter a current coil of a single-phase electric energy meter is connected in series;
  • Standard three-phase voltage transformer STV One end of each of its three primary windings is connected to one phase of a three-phase power supply, and the other ends of the three primary windings are connected to each other, each of the three secondary windings One end of the secondary winding is connected to one end of a standard single-phase electric energy meter of a standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter, and the other end of the voltage coil of each standard single-phase electric energy meter is zero with the three-phase power supply. a line connection, the other ends of the three secondary coils are connected to a neutral line of the three-phase power source;
  • Standard three-phase current transformer STA Each of its three coils is placed on a phase line of a three-phase power supply, and each of the three coils is in a standard with a standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter.
  • the current coil of the single-phase electric energy meter is connected in series;
  • the signal output ends of the three-phase four-wire active energy meter and the standard three-phase four-wire active energy meter are respectively connected to the signal input end of the electric energy meter calibrator.
  • FIG. 2 and Fig. 3 after the power distribution line is powered off, another portable three-phase power supply that can be used in the power outage is connected, and the high-voltage current transformer in the field metering system is connected in series with the high-voltage current transformer standard, and According to the actual three-phase wiring mode (such as VV connection or YY connection); in the on-site metering system voltage transformer circuit, and connected to the high-voltage voltage transformer standard, also in accordance with the actual three-phase wiring (such as V-V connection or Y-Y connection method; The standard transformer used for verification (verification) is completely connected according to the three-phase wiring mode of the system operation, which constitutes the three-phase power supply system power distribution system consistent with the on-site three-phase distribution network metering system.
  • the actual three-phase wiring mode such as VV connection or YY connection
  • Measurement system standards Tune The portable three-phase power supply that can be used in the power outage is required to input the specified current and rated voltage according to the verification (verification) work.
  • the current and voltage of the secondary output of the transformer enter the respective electric energy meter and install on site.
  • the signal of the electric energy meter and the standard electric energy meter is input to the electric energy meter calibrator for verification (verification). Since the accuracy of this standard device (including standard energy meter, standard voltage transformer, standard current transformer) is 2 to 3 degrees higher than that of the on-site energy metering device, the error of the standard of the energy metering system can be neglected.
  • the error values of the two systems obtained by the electric energy meter calibrator are the overall errors of the on-site metering system.
  • the two sets of key equipments of the present invention are: a portable three-phase power supply that can be used in the event of a power outage, which can generate an AC current of 0 to 600 A, and a voltage source generates a high voltage of 3 kV to 35 kV, which is suitable for The site is in the presence of a power failure verification (verification). At the same time, the power supply should be light and easy to handle and install.
  • the second set of equipment is the need to develop three-phase standard current transformers and standard voltage transformers that are consistent with field-operated equipment and both need to operate at high voltages. Its typical three-phase three-wire (V-V) wiring is shown in Figure 2. It can be seen from Fig.
  • Figure 2 shows the three-phase three-wire (V-V) wiring.
  • the three-phase four-wire (Y-Y) wiring method shown in Figure 3 can also be used for overall verification (verification).
  • each component can be separately verified, and within a specified accuracy range of each device, a reasonable match is made. The comprehensive error is minimized, so that the accuracy of the metering device is improved by the result of the overall verification, which is necessary for the energy metering of the trade settlement.
  • the verification (verification) of the on-site metering device in addition to the individual metering equipment in the device, the first and second wiring methods of the whole system, the installation process quality, the long-term operation and maintenance level, etc. Impact, the sub-component verification method that has been used until now, can not find these problems, the overall verification method overcomes these drawbacks, can find the above problems, and obtain accurate error detection results. Especially when there is tampering in the measurement loop once and twice, it can be discovered in time.
  • the method for detecting the overall operation performance of the electric energy metering device of the three-phase power supply system based on the present invention is composed of a field metering device, a standard metering device and a portable three-phase power source that can be used in the event of a power outage.
  • the test power supply is made by the same current source and voltage source, and the TV of the tested device and the TV of the standard device are connected in parallel, and the TA of the tested device and the TA of the standard device are connected in series, and the two devices are synchronously accepted.
  • the current and voltage from the portable three-phase power supply, the secondary circuit and its wiring mode have not been modified for the device under test, and keep the same with the actual operating state.
  • the standard device and its equipment are in accordance with the regulations, the standard voltage.
  • the accuracy of the transformer, current transformer and standard energy meter are higher than the two to three accuracy grades of the corresponding equipment of the equipment under test.
  • the adjustable power supply is supplied to any checkpoint current and rated voltage, the tested power will be tested.
  • the information reflected in the table is sent to the standard electric energy meter calibrator for verification (verification). Since the accuracy level of the standard device is two to three levels, the error is negligible, so the calibrator obtains The data is the overall error of the device under test.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Description

配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种电能表的检测检定装置， 特别是涉及配电网三相电能计量装置 运行性能检测系统， 专门用于配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置现场整体运行性能 检测， 尤其适用于高压三相组合互感器构成的电能计量装置的整体校验 （检定）。
背景技术
在 3kV〜35kV的配电网中， 三相供电系统的电能计量及计量装置的安装基本上 是采用三相三线（V- V )接线方式， 这在城市电网和农村电网中均得到广泛应用。 也 就是说， 这种系统的电能计量是在三相三线 （V- V 接线） 计量方式下进行的， 因此 对于计量检定或校验来讲也应在该方式下进行才符合它们的实际运行情况， 这样校 验（检定）的准确性和公正性才能最大程度的得到体现， 并可获得广大用户的认同， 这也是电力系统开展优质服务， 为社会和谐应作出的技术手段与措施。 但是目前国 内三相供电系统的电能计量装置的校验 （检定） 方式却并不是如上所述按照三相三 线计量方式下进行整体校验。
图 1虚线左侧部分为现场三相供电系统采用的电能计量的原理框图， 对如图 1 所示的计量装置的检测目前是对各个计量元件单独进行校验 (检定）， 然后计算出整 个计量系统的误差性能。 这种检测方法无法模拟现场实际运行条件和环境进行性能 检测， 特别是对三相组合互感器中的三相电压互感器（TV)和三相电流互感器（TA) 的校验还是采用单相法进行校验， 无法检测出三相组合互感器中三相电压互感器 (TV) 和三相电流互感器 （TA) 之间电场和磁场相互影响以及互感器所带实际负荷 下的实际运行性能。 同样， 电能表也是单独进行性能检测。
三相供电系统电能计量体现在贸易结算上的用电量按该系统中的最后一环中的 电能表来表示和显现，虽然国家相关标准规定了计量系统中各台设备的准确度等级， 但它们的误差是在一定的准确级内可以或正或负地偏差，简单举一例，如 TV的误差 为 +0. 1 %，TA 误差为 +0. 1 %， 电能表误差也为 +0. 1 %， 虽然此时电能表误差没有超 过 0. 2 % ,但是从理论上讲该计量系统的实际误差已是 0. 3 % , 超过了实际电能表检 测误差， 也超过了电能表铭牌所标称的 0. 2级。 所以在计量系统的周期检定或计暈 仲裁时， 只依据电能表的误差来说明整套计量系统的准确性， 是不能让人信服的， 并且这样检定的方式与结论并不符合该计量系统的实际运行情况。
因此， 在社会发展和技术进步的今天， 现有的相关规定及计量检定方法应与时 俱进， 以适应并满足社会大众的要求。 如何准确地对高压配电网三相电能计量装置 进行计量检定， 从而公平公正地保证供、 用电双方的经济利益， 是本专利的出发点 和着眼点。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种整体误差小、 计量检定准确方便的配电网三相电能计 量系统现场整体检测系统。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统， 包括， 电能表检验仪、 便携式可调三相电源： 电压为 3kV〜35kV， 电流 0〜600A; 还 具有，
三相电压互感器 TV:其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与所述三相电源的 一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个次级绕 组的一端接于三相四线有功电能表中一个单相单能表的电压线圈的一端， 每个单相 电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接， 该三个次级绕组的另一端均 与三相电源的零线连接；
三相电流互感器 TA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在（即圈套在）三相电源的一 根相线上， 且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与三相四线有功电能表中一个单相电能表的 电流线圈串接；
标准三相电压互感器 STV: 其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与三相电源 的一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个次级 绕组的一端接于一个标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电能表的电压线圈的 一端， 每个标准单相电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接， 该三个 次级线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接；
标准三相电流互感器 STA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在三相电源的一根相线 上， 且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电能表 的电流线圈串接；
上述三相四线有功电能表和标准三相四线有功电能表的信号输出端分别连接所 述电能表校验仪的信号输入端。
上述标准三相电压互感器 STV的准确度比三相电压互感器 TV的准确度高 2〜3 个等级； 标准三相电流互感器 STA的准确度比三相电流互感器 TA的准确度高 2〜3 个等级；标准单相四线有功电能表的准确度比三相四线有功电能表的准确度高 2〜3 个等级。
本发明建立了一套配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置现场整体运行性能检测方 法， 具体是构建了一套与现场电能计量系统结构完全一致的电能计量系统标准， 在 同一套高压三相电压源和电流源说的带动下， 同时将两套系统在相同运行条件下累积 的电能量进行比较，得出配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置的整体运行性能。如此， 模拟配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置的现场实际运行状态， 且在此状态进行运行 性能整体检测， 因此， 本发明才是对该计量系统最真实的校验 （检定）。
该方法是利用与实际运行系统一致的接线法，书克服了计量检定校验时， 分部件 误差叠加而不能真实体现在最终计量电能表上的缺点， 可以得到计量系统在各种负 荷电流下的实际误差值， 在此基础上， 进而有针对地对系统中的各计量部件进行组 合配对， 巳达到整体误差的最小， 也就是实现了实现了计量的准确性和公平性。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、构建了一套与配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置构成结构完全一致的配电网 三相供电系统电能计量系统标准， 其准确度等级比现场运行的配电网三相供电系统 电能计量装置的整体准确度等级高 2至 3个准确度等级。
2、建立了高压电流互感器标准，采用全绝缘结构，能够承受 3〜35kV电压等级， 且高压漏电流对电流互感器产生的误差影响量不大于电流互感器标准误差限值的 1/10。
3、可在停电时使用的便携式三相电源能在不需要外部提供交流试验电源的情况 下产生高压三相电流和三相电压， 接入配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统标准 （由 标准三相电压互感器 （标准 TV)、 标准三相电流互感器 （标准 TA ) 和标准电能表组 成） 和现场的配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统， 使二者均在模拟实际运行条件下 运行， 同一高压激励源下两个计量系统累计的电量等参数同时输入电能表校验仪进 行校验（检定），从而得到真实的现场配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统的整体运行 性能。 4、由于标准系统与实际系统均同步进行比较，且都由同一台可在停电时使用的 便携式三相电源供电，这可以方便地模拟 1 %至 120%额定电流的电流负荷，从而准 确检测出该配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统在不同运行状态下的实际运行性能。
5、本方法不仅对现场配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置进行整体校验（检定）， 还可分别单独对三相组合互感器和电能表进行检定， 并根据各台设备的单独误差进 行组合配对，从而达到配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统的整体误差为最小的目的。
6、 由于是直接检测配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统的整体运行性能， 因此， 可及时发现电能计量系统的窃电现象， 同时在计量系统的一次和二次回路内的任何 不符规定的接线方式可以方便地、 立即通过现场检测一目了然。
附图说明
图 1 为本发明的原理方框图。
图 2为本发明的整体校验接线图 （V- V型接法）。
图 3为本发明的整体校验接线图 （Y- Y型接法）。 具体实施方式
图 1中： U、 为三相电源输出的高电压； I、 为三相电源输出的电流； τν、 电压 互感器； ΤΑ、 电流互感器。 图 1中虚线左边为现场电能计量装置， 虚线右边为和现 场电能计量装置结构一致的标准电能计量装置。
图 2中： TV、 电压互感器； TA、 电流互感器； STV、 标准电压互感器； STA、 标 准电流互感器。
电源： 三相高压电源 （根据现场设备参数， 电压可为 3kV〜35kV; 电流源部分 可输出 0〜600A)。
三相三线有功电能表 （即电度表）： 现场用于贸易结算的电能表。
本接线图为三相三线计量方式， V-V型接法。 图 2中， 左面上方为三相三线有 功电能表， 右面上方为标准电能表。 图 3同样如此。
图 3中： TV、 电压互感器； TA、 电流互感器； STV、 标准电压互感器； STA、 标 准电流互感器。
电源： 三相高压电源 （根据现场设备参数， 电压可为 3kV〜35kV; 电流源部分 可输出 0〜600A)。
三相四线有功电能表： 现场用于贸易结算的电能表。 本接线图为三相四线 i十量方式， Y-Y 型接法， 图中虚线左边为现场电能计量装 置， 虚线右边为和现场电能计量装置结构一致的标准电能计量装置。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步描述。
参见图 3，本新型包括电能表检验仪、便携式可调三相电源：电压为 3kV〜35kV， 电流 0〜600A; 还具有，
三相电压互感器 TV:其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与所述三相电源的 一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个次级绕 组的一端接于三相四线有功电能表中一个单相单能表的电压线圈的一端， 每个单相 电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接， 该三个次级绕组的另一端均 与三相电源的零线连接；
三相电流互感器 TA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在（即圈套在）三相电源的一 根相线上， 且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与三相四线有功电能表中一个单相电能表的 电流线圈串接；
标准三相电压互感器 STV: 其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与三相电源 的一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个次级 绕组的一端接于一个标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电能表的电压线圈的 一端， 每个标准单相电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接， 该三个 次级线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接；
标准三相电流互感器 STA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在三相电源的一根相线 上， 且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电能表 的电流线圈串接；
上述三相四线有功电能表和标准三相四线有功电能表的信号输出端分别连接所 述电能表校验仪的信号输入端。
参见图 2和图 3， 在该配电线路停电后， 另接入可在停电时使用的便携式三相 电源， 在现场计量系统的高压电流互感器一次回路串接高压电流互感器标准， 而且 是按实际三相接线方式（如 V-V接法或 Y-Y接法）；在现场计量系统的电压互感器回 路，并接高压电压互感器标准，同样按实际三相接线方式（如 V- V接法或 Y- Y接法）； 这样用于校验 （检定） 的标准互感器完全按系统运行的三相接线方式接入， 构成了 和现场三相配电网计量系统一致的配电网三相供电系统电能计量系统标准。 通过调 节可在停电时使用的便携式三相电源， 按校验 （检定） 工作的需要输入规定的电流 和额定电压， 互感器二次输出的电流和电压分别进入各自带载的电能表， 把现场安 装电能表和标准电能表的信号输入电能表校验仪里进行校验（检定）。由于本标准装 置 （含标准电能表、 标准电压互感器、 标准电流互感器） 的准确度比现场运行电能 计量装置高 2至 3个准确度等级， 这样， 电能计量系统标准的误差可以忽略不计， 通过电能表校验仪得出的两套系统的误差值即是现场计量系统的整体误差。
本发明的两套关键设备， 一是可在停电情况下使用的可在停电时使用的便携式 三相电源， 它可以产生 0〜600A的交流电流， 电压源产生 3kV〜35kV的高电压， 适 用于现场处于停电情况下的校验（检定）。 同时电源要轻便， 容易搬运及安装。第二 套设备就是需要研制与现场运行设备一致的三相标准电流互感器和标准电压互感器 且二者均需要在高电压下运行。 其典型的三相三线 (V-V)接线如图 2 所示。 由图 2 可见， 整体校验综合了计量装置各计量元件的误差， 以及 TV二次压降误差， 还有三 相组合互感器内部相邻元件的电场和磁场相互影响的带来的误差等， 将实际计量装 置所产生的误差在电能表的比较中， 统一显现， 这种方法对计量误差的检定校验来 讲， 更直接， 更真实， 更合理， 这样的整体校验才具有实际意义。
图 2列举的是三相三线 (V-V)接线方式， 同样， 对图 3所列举的三相四线 (Y - Y) 接线方式也可实施整体校验 （检定)。 为了最大程度地提高计量装置的检测准确性， 在上述整体校验的基础上， 可以再分别对各部件进行单独的校验， 在每台设备规定 的准确度范围内， 进行合理的搭配， 使其综合误差达到最小， 从而通过整体校验的 结果来提高计量装置的准确度， 这对作为贸易结算的电能计量是很必要的。
另外， 对现场计量装置的校验 （检定）， 除了个别针对装置中的各台计量设备， 整个系统的一、 二次接线方式， 安装工艺质量， 长期运行维护水平等对检验的准确 性都有影响， 现在一直沿用的分部件检定法， 无法发现这些问题， 整体校验方法克 服了这些弊端， 可发现上述问题， 并得到的准确的误差检测结果。 特别是当计量回 路一次和二次中有窃电的行为时， 能及时予以发现。
参见图 2和图 3， 基于本发明即配电网三相供电系统电能计量装置现场整体运 行性能检测方法由现场计量装置、 标准计量装置和可在停电时使用的便携式三相电 源三个部分组成。由同一套电流源和电压源做试验电源，被试装置的 TV和标准装置 的 TV呈并联连接，被试装置的 TA和标准装置的 TA呈串联连接，两套装置同步接受 来自便携式三相电源供给的电流和电压， 对被试装置来讲， 其二次回路及其接线方 式未做任何改动， 保持与实际运行状态一致， 标准装置及其设备则按照规程规定， 标准电压互感器、 电流互感器和标准电能表的准确度均高于被试装置相应设备两至 三个准确度等级级， 在可调电源供给任一校验点电流和额定电压下， 将被试电能表 的反映的信息送到标准电能表校验仪中去校验（检定）， 由于标准装置的准确度等级 高两至三个等级， 这样它的误差可忽略不计， 故校验仪中得到的数据即是被试装置 的整体误差。
说
书

Claims

O 2012/142736 , ， , , k PCT/CN2011/001894
1、 一种配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统， 包括， 电能表检验仪、 便携式可调三相电源： 电压为 3kV〜35kV， 电流 0〜600A; 其特征是： 还具有， 三相电压互感器 TV: 其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与所述三相电 源的一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个 次级绕组的一端接于三相四线有功电能表中一个单相单能表的电压线圈的一端， 每个单相电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接，该三个次级绕组 的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接；
三相电流互感器 TA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在三相电源的一根相线上， 且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与三相四线有功电能表中一个单相电能表的电流线 圈串接；
标准三相电压互感器 STV: 其三个初级绕组中每个初级绕组的一端与三相电 源的一根相线连接， 该三个初级绕组的另一端相互连接， 其三个次级绕组中每个 次级绕组的一端接于一个标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电能表的电 压线圈的一端，每个标准单相电能表的电压线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连 接， 该三个次级线圈的另一端均与三相电源的零线连接;'
标准三相电流互感器 STA: 其三个线圈中每个线圈设置在三相电源的一根相 线上，且该三个线圈中的每个线圈与标准三相四线有功电能表中一个标准单相电 能表的电流线圈串接；
上述三相四线有功电能表和标准三相四线有功电能表的信号输出端分别连 接所述电能表校验仪的信号输入端。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的配电网三相电能计量系统现场整体检测系统， 其 特征是： 所述标准三相电压互感器 STV的准确度比三相电压互感器 TV的准确度 高 2〜3个等级；标准三相电流互感器 STA的准确度比三相电流互感器 TA的准确 度高 2〜3个等级； 标准单相四线有功电能表的准确度比三相四线有功电能表的 准确度高 2〜3个等级。
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