WO2012140312A1 - Explosion relief valve - Google Patents

Explosion relief valve Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012140312A1
WO2012140312A1 PCT/FI2012/050026 FI2012050026W WO2012140312A1 WO 2012140312 A1 WO2012140312 A1 WO 2012140312A1 FI 2012050026 W FI2012050026 W FI 2012050026W WO 2012140312 A1 WO2012140312 A1 WO 2012140312A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
relief valve
crankcase
explosion relief
cover plate
explosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI2012/050026
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Matias Aura
Oskar Collander
Hannu Nurmi
Ali El-Ashmawy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila Finland Oy
Original Assignee
Wartsila Finland Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila Finland Oy filed Critical Wartsila Finland Oy
Priority to DE212012000084U priority Critical patent/DE212012000084U1/en
Publication of WO2012140312A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012140312A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/08—Safety, indicating, or supervising devices
    • F02B77/10—Safety means relating to crankcase explosions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B77/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • F02B77/11—Thermal or acoustic insulation
    • F02B77/13—Acoustic insulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an explosion relief valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • crankcase explosion in an internal combustion engine is an unwanted event that can have severe consequences.
  • the oil evaporates.
  • the oil vapor circulates to a cooler place inside the crankcase, it condenses forming oil mist that consists of very small droplets. If the concentration of the oil mist reaches a certain limit, it might be ignited by the hot spot and an explosion will occur.
  • the crankcases of large internal combustion engines are provided with explosion relief valves.
  • crankcase explosion relief valves According to the requirements of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) concerning machinery installations, internal combustion engines having a cylinder bore of 200 mm and above or a crankcase volume of 0.6 m 3 and above have to be provided with crankcase explosion relief valves.
  • the required number of the explosion relief valves depends on the cylinder bore, crankcase volume, free area of the relief valves and the number of crank throws.
  • a purpose of the explosion relief valves is to relieve pressure from the engine crankcase in a controlled way.
  • An explosion relief valves comprises a spring loaded valve member that is opened by a pressure increase inside the crankcase, and a flame arrester for preventing the flames from escaping from the crankcase. The valve member must close tightly after an explosion to prevent air flow into the crankcase and thus a secondary explosion.
  • Patent document GB 1334165 A discloses an explosion relief valve comprising a spring loaded closure plate and a circular flame arrester.
  • the flame arrester is arranged around a valve seat against which the closure plate lies.
  • the flame arrester protrudes outwards from the valve seat and the outer end of the flame arrester is covered by a cover plate that is made of a metal sheet.
  • the compression spring keeping the valve closed is supported against the cover plate.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved explosion relief valve for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine.
  • the characterizing features of the explosion relief valve according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • the explosion relief valve comprises a valve seat, a closure plate co-operating with the valve seat, a flame arrester for preventing flames from escaping the crankcase, a cover plate for guiding explosion gases, and a closing spring for pressing the closure plate against the valve seat.
  • the cover plate has a sandwich structure comprising at least two support layers and at least one dampening layer that is made of a dampening material and arranged between the support layers.
  • the dampening layer is made of a polymer.
  • the dampening layer is made of epoxy or silicone and the support layers are made of a metal or a metal alloy, such as aluminum or steel.
  • the thickness of the cover plate is suitably 1-4 mm.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an explosion relief valve.
  • Fig. 2 shows the structure of the cover plate of the explosion relief valve of Fig. 1 ac- cording to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of the invention
  • the explosion relief valve according to the present invention can be used as a security device in connection with a crankcase of a large internal combustion engine, such as an engine used in a ship or at a power plant.
  • the valve releases overpressure from the crankcase in case of an explosion and prevents air flow into the crankcase.
  • An engine can be provided with one or more explosion relief valves.
  • the explosion relief valves can be fastened for instance to crankcase doors that cover openings of the crankcase.
  • the explosion relief valve of figure 1 comprises a circular valve seat 1 that can be arranged outside the crankcase around an aperture in a crankcase door or in a crankcase wall.
  • the valve seat 1 comprises a groove 7 for accommodating a sealing.
  • An O-ring seal 8 is arranged in the groove 7.
  • a flame arrester 5 is arranged around the valve seat 1 protruding outwards from the plane of the valve seat 1.
  • the flame arrester 5 is made of thin lamellas. The lamellas allow gas flow through the flame arrester 5 but prevent flames from escaping from the space that is protected by the explosion relief valve.
  • different flame arrester ar- rangements are possible.
  • a flame arrester could be arranged on the other side of the valve seat 1 to cover the opening in the valve seat 1. The flame arrester could thus be at least partly inside the crankcase.
  • a plurality of bolts 9 is arranged around the valve seat 1. The bolts 9 extend outwards from the plane of the valve seat 1 and support a cover plate 4 that is arranged on top of the flame ar- rester 5.
  • the edge of the cover plate 4 is bent approximately 45 degrees towards the valve seat 1 for guiding possible explosion gas flow.
  • the cover plate 4 can be attached or integrated to a cylindrical collar encircling the valve seat 1 and having an opening in one direction. This kind of arrangement is suitable especially for valves where the flame arrester 9 is arranged on the crankcase side of the valve seat 1.
  • the valve comprises a closure plate 2 that co-operates with the valve seat 1 and prevents fluid flow into the crankcase of the engine.
  • the valve is kept closed by a helical closing spring 3 that is arranged between the cover plate 4 and the closure plate 2 and presses the closure plate 2 against the valve seat 1.
  • the closure plate 2 is guided by the bolts 9 supporting the cover plate. If the pressure in the crankcase increases, the closing spring 3 allows opening of the explosion relief valve and gas flow out of the crankcase.
  • the cover plate 4 has a sandwich structure.
  • the cover plate 4 comprises a dampening layer 4b that is arranged between a pair of support layers 4a, 4c.
  • the support layers 4a, 4c are made of a metal or an alloy, such as steel.
  • the support layers 4a, 4c do not necessarily need to be made of the same material.
  • the dampening layer 4b is made of a material that dampens vibrations. Suitable materials for the dampening layer 4b are many polymers, such as epoxy or silicone.
  • the thickness of the cover plate 4 is selected so that it can fulfill the requirements for its mechanical strength, and at the same have low resonant frequencies.
  • the thickness of the cover plate 4 is suitably 1-4 mm.
  • the cover plate 4 can comprise more than two support layers 4a, 4c and more than one dampening layer 4b.
  • the cover plate 4 could comprise five or more layers so that the support layers and dampening layers are arranged alternately in the construction. It is also possible that more than one dampening layers are arranged between a pair of support layers.
  • the cover plate 4 comprises more than three layers, the outermost layers do not necessarily need to be support layers, but at least one of the outer layers can also be made of a dampening material.
  • the valve comprises a collar for guiding the explosion gases, also the collar can have a sandwich structure with support and dampening layers.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)

Abstract

The explosion relief valve for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine comprises a valve seat (1), a closure plate (2) co-operating with the valve seat (1), a flame arrester (5) for preventing flames from escaping the crankcase, a cover plate (4) for guiding explosion gases, and a closing spring (3) for pressing the closure plate (2) against the valve seat (1). The cover plate (4) has a sandwich structure comprising at least two support layers (4a, 4c) and at least one dampening layer (4b) that is made of a dampening material and arranged between the support layers (4a, 4c).

Description

Explosion relief valve
Technical field of the invention
The present invention relates to an explosion relief valve according to the preamble of claim 1.
Background of the invention
A crankcase explosion in an internal combustion engine is an unwanted event that can have severe consequences. When the lubricating oil inside the crankcase comes into contact with a hot spot, which may have been caused for instance by insufficient lubri- cation between moving parts, the oil evaporates. When the oil vapor circulates to a cooler place inside the crankcase, it condenses forming oil mist that consists of very small droplets. If the concentration of the oil mist reaches a certain limit, it might be ignited by the hot spot and an explosion will occur. To avoid damaging of the engine and improve safety of the people operating the engine, the crankcases of large internal combustion engines are provided with explosion relief valves. According to the requirements of the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) concerning machinery installations, internal combustion engines having a cylinder bore of 200 mm and above or a crankcase volume of 0.6 m3 and above have to be provided with crankcase explosion relief valves. The required number of the explosion relief valves depends on the cylinder bore, crankcase volume, free area of the relief valves and the number of crank throws. A purpose of the explosion relief valves is to relieve pressure from the engine crankcase in a controlled way. An explosion relief valves comprises a spring loaded valve member that is opened by a pressure increase inside the crankcase, and a flame arrester for preventing the flames from escaping from the crankcase. The valve member must close tightly after an explosion to prevent air flow into the crankcase and thus a secondary explosion.
Patent document GB 1334165 A discloses an explosion relief valve comprising a spring loaded closure plate and a circular flame arrester. The flame arrester is arranged around a valve seat against which the closure plate lies. The flame arrester protrudes outwards from the valve seat and the outer end of the flame arrester is covered by a cover plate that is made of a metal sheet. The compression spring keeping the valve closed is supported against the cover plate. A problem with this kind of metallic cover plates is that engine vibrations may induce vibrations in the cover plates making them a significant source of noise.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide an improved explosion relief valve for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine. The characterizing features of the explosion relief valve according to the present invention are given in the characterizing part of claim 1.
According to the present invention, the explosion relief valve comprises a valve seat, a closure plate co-operating with the valve seat, a flame arrester for preventing flames from escaping the crankcase, a cover plate for guiding explosion gases, and a closing spring for pressing the closure plate against the valve seat. The cover plate has a sandwich structure comprising at least two support layers and at least one dampening layer that is made of a dampening material and arranged between the support layers.
When a cover plate with a sandwich structure that comprises a dampening layer is used, the vibration of the cover plate and thus the induced noise can be effectively reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dampening layer is made of a polymer. According to other embodiments of the invention, the dampening layer is made of epoxy or silicone and the support layers are made of a metal or a metal alloy, such as aluminum or steel. The thickness of the cover plate is suitably 1-4 mm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of an explosion relief valve.
Fig. 2 shows the structure of the cover plate of the explosion relief valve of Fig. 1 ac- cording to an embodiment of the invention. Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the invention are now described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The explosion relief valve according to the present invention can be used as a security device in connection with a crankcase of a large internal combustion engine, such as an engine used in a ship or at a power plant. The valve releases overpressure from the crankcase in case of an explosion and prevents air flow into the crankcase. An engine can be provided with one or more explosion relief valves. The explosion relief valves can be fastened for instance to crankcase doors that cover openings of the crankcase. The explosion relief valve of figure 1 comprises a circular valve seat 1 that can be arranged outside the crankcase around an aperture in a crankcase door or in a crankcase wall. The valve seat 1 comprises a groove 7 for accommodating a sealing. An O-ring seal 8 is arranged in the groove 7.
A flame arrester 5 is arranged around the valve seat 1 protruding outwards from the plane of the valve seat 1. The flame arrester 5 is made of thin lamellas. The lamellas allow gas flow through the flame arrester 5 but prevent flames from escaping from the space that is protected by the explosion relief valve. Also different flame arrester ar- rangements are possible. For instance, a flame arrester could be arranged on the other side of the valve seat 1 to cover the opening in the valve seat 1. The flame arrester could thus be at least partly inside the crankcase. In the embodiment of figure 1 , a plurality of bolts 9 is arranged around the valve seat 1. The bolts 9 extend outwards from the plane of the valve seat 1 and support a cover plate 4 that is arranged on top of the flame ar- rester 5. The edge of the cover plate 4 is bent approximately 45 degrees towards the valve seat 1 for guiding possible explosion gas flow. In order to more effectively direct the explosion gases to a certain direction, the cover plate 4 can be attached or integrated to a cylindrical collar encircling the valve seat 1 and having an opening in one direction. This kind of arrangement is suitable especially for valves where the flame arrester 9 is arranged on the crankcase side of the valve seat 1.
The valve comprises a closure plate 2 that co-operates with the valve seat 1 and prevents fluid flow into the crankcase of the engine. The valve is kept closed by a helical closing spring 3 that is arranged between the cover plate 4 and the closure plate 2 and presses the closure plate 2 against the valve seat 1. The closure plate 2 is guided by the bolts 9 supporting the cover plate. If the pressure in the crankcase increases, the closing spring 3 allows opening of the explosion relief valve and gas flow out of the crankcase.
To reduce noise that is caused by the cover plate 4 due to engine vibrations, the cover plate 4 has a sandwich structure. The cover plate 4 comprises a dampening layer 4b that is arranged between a pair of support layers 4a, 4c. The support layers 4a, 4c are made of a metal or an alloy, such as steel. The support layers 4a, 4c do not necessarily need to be made of the same material. The dampening layer 4b is made of a material that dampens vibrations. Suitable materials for the dampening layer 4b are many polymers, such as epoxy or silicone. The thickness of the cover plate 4 is selected so that it can fulfill the requirements for its mechanical strength, and at the same have low resonant frequencies. The thickness of the cover plate 4 is suitably 1-4 mm.
The cover plate 4 can comprise more than two support layers 4a, 4c and more than one dampening layer 4b. For instance, the cover plate 4 could comprise five or more layers so that the support layers and dampening layers are arranged alternately in the construction. It is also possible that more than one dampening layers are arranged between a pair of support layers. If the cover plate 4 comprises more than three layers, the outermost layers do not necessarily need to be support layers, but at least one of the outer layers can also be made of a dampening material. If the valve comprises a collar for guiding the explosion gases, also the collar can have a sandwich structure with support and dampening layers.
It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but may vary within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

Claims
1. An explosion relief valve for a crankcase of an internal combustion engine, the valve comprising a valve seat (1), a closure plate (2) co-operating with the valve seat
(1) , a flame arrester (5) for preventing flames from escaping the crankcase, a cover plate (4) for guiding explosion gases, and a closing spring (3) for pressing the closure plate
(2) against the valve seat (1), characterized in that the cover plate (4) has a sandwich structure comprising at least two support layers (4a, 4c) and at least one dampening layer (4b) that is made of a dampening material and arranged between the support layers (4a, 4c).
2. An explosion relief valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the dampening layer (4b) is made of a polymer.
3. An explosion relief valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the damp- ening layer (4b) is made of epoxy.
4. An explosion relief valve according to claim 2, characterized in that the dampening layer (4b) is made of silicone.
5. An explosion relief valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support layers (4a, 4c) are made of a metal or a metal alloy.
6. An explosion relief valve according to claim 5, characterized in that the support layers (4a, 4c) are made of steel.
7. An explosion relief valve according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thickness of the cover plate 4 is 1-4 mm.
PCT/FI2012/050026 2011-04-13 2012-01-13 Explosion relief valve Ceased WO2012140312A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE212012000084U DE212012000084U1 (en) 2011-04-13 2012-01-13 Explosion pressure relief valve

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20115353 2011-04-13
FI20115353A FI123375B (en) 2011-04-13 2011-04-13 Explosion safety valve

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012140312A1 true WO2012140312A1 (en) 2012-10-18

Family

ID=43919675

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2012/050026 Ceased WO2012140312A1 (en) 2011-04-13 2012-01-13 Explosion relief valve

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE212012000084U1 (en)
FI (1) FI123375B (en)
WO (1) WO2012140312A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU191455U1 (en) * 2018-07-13 2019-08-06 Александр Сергеевич Сойкин EXPLOSIVE SAFETY VALVE WITH FIREPROOFER
CN116464580A (en) * 2023-06-01 2023-07-21 西安科美实业控股有限公司 Explosion venting device, gas engine and generator set

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT521399B1 (en) 2018-07-13 2020-09-15 Hoerbiger Wien Gmbh Explosion protection valve

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD87441A (en) *
US3016913A (en) * 1957-02-25 1962-01-16 Bargmann Richard Explosion safety valves, especially for marine engines
US4522165A (en) * 1979-06-02 1985-06-11 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Noise reducing cover for an internal combustion engine
US6453892B1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2002-09-24 Dana Corporation Constrained layer damped steel baffle

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT311129B (en) 1970-02-13 1973-10-25 Hoerbiger Ventilwerke Ag Explosion relief valve

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DD87441A (en) *
US3016913A (en) * 1957-02-25 1962-01-16 Bargmann Richard Explosion safety valves, especially for marine engines
US4522165A (en) * 1979-06-02 1985-06-11 Nissan Motor Company, Limited Noise reducing cover for an internal combustion engine
US6453892B1 (en) * 2001-10-11 2002-09-24 Dana Corporation Constrained layer damped steel baffle

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU191455U1 (en) * 2018-07-13 2019-08-06 Александр Сергеевич Сойкин EXPLOSIVE SAFETY VALVE WITH FIREPROOFER
CN116464580A (en) * 2023-06-01 2023-07-21 西安科美实业控股有限公司 Explosion venting device, gas engine and generator set

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20115353A0 (en) 2011-04-13
FI20115353L (en) 2012-10-14
DE212012000084U1 (en) 2013-11-22
FI123375B (en) 2013-03-15
FI20115353A7 (en) 2012-10-14

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