WO2012140286A1 - Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components - Google Patents

Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012140286A1
WO2012140286A1 PCT/ES2011/070277 ES2011070277W WO2012140286A1 WO 2012140286 A1 WO2012140286 A1 WO 2012140286A1 ES 2011070277 W ES2011070277 W ES 2011070277W WO 2012140286 A1 WO2012140286 A1 WO 2012140286A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pin
section
strap
groove
fixing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2011/070277
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Javier Rol Corredor
Javier JIMENEZ GARCÍA
Francisco PÉREZ SORIA
Jorge Triginer Boixeda
Ester Alonso Frigola
Original Assignee
Metalogenia, S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metalogenia, S.A. filed Critical Metalogenia, S.A.
Priority to ES201390086A priority Critical patent/ES2462391B2/en
Priority to US14/111,829 priority patent/US9512598B2/en
Priority to PCT/ES2011/070277 priority patent/WO2012140286A1/en
Priority to CN201180071625.1A priority patent/CN103608527B/en
Publication of WO2012140286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012140286A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/28—Small metalwork for digging elements, e.g. teeth scraper bits
    • E02F9/2808—Teeth
    • E02F9/2816—Mountings therefor
    • E02F9/2833—Retaining means, e.g. pins
    • E02F9/2841—Retaining means, e.g. pins resilient
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B3/00—Key-type connections; Keys
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T403/00—Joints and connections
    • Y10T403/70—Interfitted members
    • Y10T403/7075—Interfitted members including discrete retainer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a removable fixing device with two mechanical parts, a female part and a male part, preferably to guarantee the fixing between a wear element and an adapter element used in excavating machines and the like.
  • Said fixing device comprises a pin that detachably locks the wear element (tooth) with the adapter element (tooth holders) and a retaining element associated with the pin that collaborates with it to prevent the pin from getting out of its locked position. , maintaining the fixation between the two mechanical parts.
  • the device object of the present invention is a special application in the public works sector, such as excavations, and mining, although it can be used in other sectors that require the connection between two pieces, a male part and a female part coupled each.
  • Excavating machines and the like such as those used in public works and mining, are used to tear, move and load earth and stones. Normally these machines are equipped with a spoon attached to a mechanical arm. The spoon is provided with a blade or bevelled lip at a leading edge intended to influence and penetrate the mass of earth and stones. To avoid excessive wear of the blade and to help penetrate the earth, it is common to mount teeth associated with the blade that protrude along the leading edge of the blade. However, said teeth are also subject to wear and tear, so they must be replaced often, and also, depending on the work to be done by the machine, it may be desirable to change the type or shape of the teeth.
  • a tooth holder which is fixed to the spoon blade in a more or less permanent manner, and teeth, so that each tooth is releasably mounted on the tooth holder by means of a pin.
  • said pin passes through holes in the tooth and a passage through the tooth bar in order to fix the tooth to the tooth holder, thus ensuring the connection between them.
  • a retention device associated with the pin is used to prevent the pin from leaving its mounting position between the tooth and the tooth bar, which fixes the pin in said position of its assembly.
  • the fixing devices formed by at least one pin and at least one retaining element, usually have elastic characteristics, provided to the fixing device by the retainer, so that the pin can be fixed and released without requiring its breakage and easily , and preferably hammerless type, that is, without the need for a hammer.
  • devices or retention elements of elastic material such as rubber or polyurethane are used, since it has elastic characteristics that allow an easy disassembly system, without applying very high forces.
  • These retention elements are not useful for all types of work because in applications where the temperature of the material is high, the elastic material used can melt and / or lose its elastic qualities leaving the pin without retention, which could also cause a loss of the pin and / or the tooth.
  • US Patent No. US5233770 describes a pin system composed of an elongated body with a proximal end and a distal end.
  • the proximal end serves as an impact surface while the distal end serves to guide the introduction of the pin into the coupling or assembly formed by the two pieces.
  • this pin has a stop element (stoper) that extends outward from the main body, limiting the path in the insertion of the pin so that it does not exceed its mounting position.
  • this pin is provided with an integral spring with a certain angle, allowing it to be compressed in the pin insertion but regains its normal position in the mounting position.
  • This pin system is very rigid and the force that is necessary to introduce and especially to extract this type of pin is very high, that is, a hammer or hammer is necessary to extract the pin and to be able to decouple the male part and the female part , since it is necessary to apply considerable force to break the stop element.
  • the fixing system described in the American document number US5724756 is provided with a spring system to fix the rear cavity of a dipper tooth with the mounting projection of an adapter.
  • Said fixing system described is unreliable and unstable, since both in its introduction and operation, it tends to move uncontrollably and can lock the system in the extraction in addition to losing the elastic characteristics that are intended to give tension to the system, leaving it therefore without this function.
  • this retention system requires an additional retention system so that the pin body does not move from its mounting position.
  • the object of the present invention is a fixing device according to the content of claim 1.
  • the fixing device comprises a pin formed by a preferably elongated prismatic body and a retaining element formed by a strip that collaborate together to allow flexion of the strap allowing easy assembly, disassembly and retention of the device fixing in a coupling formed by a male part and a female part, preferably a wear element and an adapter element and more preferably a tooth and a tooth holder.
  • the pin has a preferably elongated body with at least two facing grooves, located on opposite sides of the pin.
  • a first groove preferably travels the entire length of the pin from its upper end, having a variable depth, with a first section of decreasing depth until reaching a second section of constant depth that extends to the end or lower end of the pin.
  • the first section of decreasing depth can be located in the middle of the pin body.
  • the second groove located on the side opposite that of the first groove of the pin, can also longitudinally travel the body of the pin.
  • a preferred configuration of this second groove has a cavity of depth greater than the depth of the second groove.
  • the main body of the pin can have any external configuration as long as it has two facing grooves located on opposite sides of the body of the pin, or what is the same as being separated by the same body of the pin.
  • the pin body has at least two grooves although there may be four that unify said first and second groove along the perimeter of the pin body.
  • the first slot has a decreasing depth; so that, preferably from the upper end where the depth is maximum, the depth decreases along a first section until it becomes constant in a second section until it reaches the lower end of the pin body.
  • the depth can increase or be constant, it is preferable that it also increases, and more preferably that it increases steadily but more sharply than in the first groove, thus determining a cavity in which the fixing end of the strap, determining a specific thickness or distance between "X" grooves.
  • This constant depth of the first groove is preferably also maintained in the event that at the lower end of the pin there is a third groove that joins the first groove and the second groove, said third groove describing an arc of approximately 180 Q
  • the retaining element is formed by a strap inserted in the opposite grooves of the pin, so that said strap has a longitudinal bending section that is positioned in the first groove of the pin and that contacts the groove in its constant depth section and loses contact in the section of decreasing depth.
  • Said strap is provided with a first angled retention free end with respect to the longitudinal bending section of the strap and a fixing section that is positioned in the second groove of the pin, with a second free end, contrary to the first free end.
  • the section of said strip is preferably round but other section configurations are possible, such as rectangular.
  • the strap is provided with a first section or end of retention, a second straight section or bending section and a third section or end of fixation, which fixes the strap to the body of the pin.
  • the first section or end of retention of the strip has a straight / flat shape forming an angle between 0 5 and 90 5 , preferably 90 5 , with the second section or bending section, the direction of this first section being opposite to the body of the pin so when the strap is mounted on the pin body this retaining end has the characteristic that it protrudes from the pin body.
  • This second section or bending section is preferably longer than the retaining end. Its direction is approximately coincident with the central axis of the pin.
  • the fourth section or curved section formed by a curved part of preferably 180 g , which causes the strap to adopt an S-shape.
  • This fourth section of the strap will be inserted in the third groove of the pin in the event that this groove is present by connecting the first and the second groove.
  • a final straight section or fixing section which is housed in the second groove of the pin body or preferably in the cavity of the second groove of the pin body.
  • the greater depth of said cavity in the second groove causes the fixing end to be fixed more deeply in the pin creating a contact area or surface that prevents the movement of the pin when it tends to come out when subjected to stress during the machine work that tend to eject the pin from the fixing device
  • the distance between the first and second grooves of the pin, x, horizontally measured, in particular between a point of the second section, constant depth section, of the first groove and the second groove at its deepest point, also determines the minimum thickness of the pin body between the grooves. Said distance is greater than the smallest of the distances, x1, horizontally measured, existing between the flector section of the strap and the strap fixing section when the strap is not inserted in said grooves. This implies that it is necessary to make an effort to separate the two sections of the strap and insert it into the two grooves of the pin to create a clamp effect that prevents the pin from separating from the strap or vice versa.
  • the bending section of the strap is located in the constant depth section of the first groove of the pin and the fixing section is preferably located in the cavity of the second groove. Because the distance x1 is less than x, it is necessary to exert some pressure to open the strap slightly and that it can be coupled or introduced into the grooves of the pin body, exerting a clamp effect, where the pressure of said effect is responsible for the strap stays tight around the pin without danger of being separated.
  • the strap must be made of a material with a high degree of elasticity that allows it to flex when it is subjected to certain forces.
  • the strap may for example be of the type of hardened steel used in the manufacture of springs.
  • the wear element For mounting the removable fixing device between a wear element or tooth and an adapter element or adapter, first the wear element is mounted on the adapter element, so that in this position the opening of the adapter element for the device of fixing is aligned with the opening of the wear element for said fixing device, thus creating a channel in which the fixing device will be placed to lock or prevent the exit of the wear thus preventing it from leaving its mounting position.
  • the two elements, pin and retaining element, of the fixing device are mounted before delivering the piece to the customer, thus determining the existence of a single reference for the retaining device.
  • the strap is mounted on the pin. Once the strap is mounted on the pin body, a part of the bending section loses contact with the first end of the first pin groove that has a greater decreasing depth.
  • the area of the first groove of the pin in which there is no contact with the strap is the clearance required by the flexible and bending section of the strap to move from a mounting position to a disassembly position.
  • the fixing device will be introduced into the channel of the wear element / adapter element assembly.
  • the channel has measures similar to the pin body so that when the fastener is introduced into the channel, the retaining end of the strap, which protrudes from the pin body, interferes with the channel formed by the adapter and the wear element. This interference with the channel pushes the strap towards the free or non-contact space of the first groove of the pin, allowing the fixing device to slide through the channel of the wear element and adapter element assembly.
  • the fixing device is introduced into the channel, with the compressed strap, until the retaining end of the strap finds a groove inside the channel, which allows this groove to be deeper than the width of the channel , the strap retaining end is released from the compression pressure returning to its relaxed position, thereby fixing the fixing device in the mounting position.
  • both the assembly of the wear element and the disassembly operation are carried out in a simple way without the need to apply strong blows to the fixing device that can be dangerous, but at the same time the coupling during the work is solid and reliable .
  • This is possible, in addition to its constructive characteristics, because the dirt to which the device is subjected during work does not affect its operation, because the dirt does not interfere with the movement of the strap.
  • a feature of the present retention device is that it can be adapted to existing retention systems.
  • Figure 1 shows a front perspective view of an assembly formed by a tooth and a tooth holder with a fixation device object of the present invention before being introduced into the assembly.
  • Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 shows a front perspective view of a fixing device object of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a front perspective view of an alternative fixing device object of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 shows a rear perspective view of the fixing device of Figure 3.
  • Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of the fixing device of Figures 3 or 4.
  • Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 8 shows a front view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 9 shows a rear view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 10 shows a top view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a strap that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 13 shows a front view of a strap that is part of a device for fixation.
  • Figure 14 shows a side view of a strap that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 14a shows a side view of an alternative strap that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 14b shows a side view of an alternative strap that is part of a fixing device.
  • Figure 15 shows a cross-section of the channel determined by the assembly of a tooth and tooth holder with an attachment device inserted.
  • the description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention refers, by way of example, to the coupling between a tooth and a toothpick of a bucket of an excavator or similar, although it is evident that the fixing device object of the The present invention can be used for removable fixing of other types of mechanical parts.
  • a tooth-tooth coupling 1 comprises a tooth 2, a tooth holder 3 and a fixing device 4 object of the present invention, formed by a pin 41 and a retaining element or strap 42 fitted on said pin 41.
  • the elongated prismatic body of the pin has several faces, a front face 47 and a rear face 43. It also has two side faces 44, an upper face 45 and a lower face 46.
  • the upper faces being and lower 45, 46 preferably of smaller section than the front 42, rear 43 and side faces 44.
  • the pin body 41 has a first groove 400 of varying depth.
  • said groove has a decreasing depth from the upper end of the pin coinciding with the upper face 45 where the depth is maximum, and the depth decreases to a constant depth section 402 on the front face 47.
  • the pin 41 has a second groove in the rear face of the pin 43 with preferably an increase in its depth, determining a cavity 404, where the second groove of the pin ends its travel.
  • the bottom of this rear cavity 404 determines a thickness or distance, "x", with the constant depth section 402 of the groove 400 on the front face of the pin.
  • This rear cavity 404 may preferably have a surface flat and / or parallel with the first section of the first groove of constant depth, but other configurations are possible, it may have a curved shape or a flat shape with some inclination.
  • the strap (42) has a fixing section designed to be housed in the rear cavity (404) of the pin. Said fixing section (402) can be straight and parallel to the bending section (421). Likewise, said straight fixing section may be inclined with respect to the bending section (421) at a certain angle a. Said section may also be curved or include a curve.
  • the anterior grooves are joined by the lower face 46 of the pin 41 thus determining a single groove in the pin 41.
  • the constant depth section 402 of the groove in the front face 47 is maintained in a constant lower section 403 in the lower face 46, so that the groove makes a 180 Q raven following the lower face 46, until Reach pin 41 at the rear face 43.
  • the fixing device 4 incorporates a retaining or strapping element, 42, which is provided with a first section or retaining end 420, a second straight section or bending section 421, a third end fixing section 422 and a last section or curved section 423, in which the strap changes direction, and that joins the flector section 421 with the fixing section 422.
  • the first section or retaining end 420 of the strip 42 has a flat straight shape at an angle preferably of 90 5 , although it may vary between 0 5 and 90 5 , with the second section or bending section 421.
  • the direction of this first section is opposite to the pin 41 of the fixing device so that when the strap 42 is fitted or engaged in the pin 41, this retaining end 420 has the characteristic that it protrudes from the pin 41 of the fixing device 4 once the strap 42 has been mounted on the pin 41.
  • the second section or bending section 421 of the strip 42 is preferably of greater length than the retaining end 420.
  • a fourth section or curved section 423 begins, after which there is the fixing section 422 which is preferably provided with a geometry complementary to the cavity / geometry of the cavity 404 of the second slot of the pin, that is to say that the fixing end 422, following the depth of the cavity 404 of the second groove of the pin, strikes inside the pin creating an opposing area or surface.
  • This collaboration between the cavity 404 of the pin and the fixing end 422 of the strap 42 has the function of preventing the movement of the pin upwards when the system is working and tends to remove the body from its mounting position.
  • the curved section 423 follows the curved section of the groove located on the underside 46 of the pin body 41 forming a 180 5 curve.
  • a fixing section 422 is located which has a distance Xi with the bending section 421, said distance being less than the distance X of the pin.
  • This fixing section 422 has a first function which is to fix or retain the strap 42 on the pin and since the distance x1 is less than the distance x, it is necessary to exert a certain pressure on the strap 42 to open it slightly and that it can be inserted into the groove of the pin 41, similar to a clamp effect. This clamp effect causes the strap 42 to remain under pressure in the pin 41, ensuring its position without risk of being lost.
  • first section of the first slot (402) may include a recess or additional slot (406) to fix the positioning of the strap (42) with respect to said first slot (402) and therefore with respect to the pin (41). Said recess may also extend to the second slot (404) and third slot (403).
  • the wear element 2 For mounting the removable fixing system 4 between a wear element or tooth 2 and an adapter element or pin 3, firstly the wear element 2 is coupled to the adapter element 3, and in this position the housing or channel of the adapter element 3 for the pin 41 aligns with the opening of the wear element 2 for the pin 41, creating a housing or channel 31 in which the fixing device 4 will be located, ensuring the coupling between the wear element 2 and the adapter element 3, thus preventing the fixing device 4 from leaving its mounting position.
  • the strap 42 When the strap 42 is mounted on the body of the pin 41, the strap 42 contacts the constant depth section 402 of the slot 400 of the pin 41, whereby the strap 42 loses contact with the slot 400 in the depth section decreasing 401. In the area where there is no contact with the strap 42 there is a free space 405, which is the space needed by the flexible section 421 of the strap 42 to move from a mounting position to a disassembly position.
  • the fixing device 4 is introduced into the channel or housing 31 of the assembly formed by a wear element / adapter element (1) previously coupled.
  • the channel 31 has measures similar to the body of the pin 41 so that by introducing the fixing element 4 into the channel 31, the retaining end 420 of the strap 42 protrudes from the body of the pin 41, interfering with the adapter 3. This interference with The adapter element 3 pushes the strap 42 towards the free space 405 of the slot 31, allowing the fixing device 4 to slide through the channel 31 of the wear element assembly 2 and adapter element 3.
  • the fixing device 4 is introduced in the channel 31, with the strap 42 compressed, until the retaining end 420 of the strap 42 finds a groove 32 inside the channel 31 of the wear element / adapter element assembly (1), this groove 32 deeper than the width of the channel 31 allows the end of fixing 420 of the strap 42 is released from the compression pressure returning its relaxed position, thus fixing the fixing device 4 in the mounting position.
  • both the assembly of the wear element 2 and the disassembly operation are carried out in a simple way without the need to apply high forces that can be dangerous, but at the same time ensuring a fixation during the work that is solid and reliable.
  • This is possible, in addition to its constructive characteristics, because the dirt to which the device is subjected during work does not affect its operation since the dirt does not interfere with the movement of the strap.
  • the upper part of the pin body 41 is gently tapped, through its upper face 45, until the retaining end 420 of the groove 32 of the channel 31 is released. Because the pin 41 is preferably wedge-shaped, it is easily released from the channel 31 by leaving the fixing device of the coupling / interference position between the wear element 2 and the adapter 3. Once the fixing device 4 is released from the coupling position, the wear element can be removed and replaced by another. The ease in assembly and disassembly allows this task to be done in the field without having to take the machine to the workshop.
  • An additional feature of the present retention device is that it can be adapted to existing retention systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Component Parts Of Construction Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

Device (4) for detachable fastening of two mechanical components (2, 3), between which a channel or housing is defined, comprising a peg (41), with at least two grooves on opposite faces, and a band (42) accommodated in the said grooves, fastened by pinching at the lower part of the peg (41) and with a flexible portion that has the upper end thereof bent in order to retain the peg/band assembly (4) in a transverse groove of said channel. The invention applies in particular to the fastening of a tooth (2) in a tooth holder (3) of the scoop of an excavating machine or the like.

Description

DISPOSITIVO DE FIJACIÓN AMOVIBLE DE DOS PIEZAS MECANICAS  TWO-PIECE MECHANICAL FIXING DEVICE
La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo de fijación amovible de dos piezas mecánicas, una pieza hembra y una pieza macho, preferiblemente para garantizar la fijación entre un elemento de desgaste y un elemento adaptador usados en máquinas excavadoras y similares. Dicho dispositivo de fijación comprende un pasador que bloquea de manera desmontable el elemento de desgaste (diente) con el elemento adaptador (portadientes) y un elemento retenedor asociado al pasador que colabora junto a este para evitar que el pasador se salga de su posición de bloqueo, manteniendo la fijación entre las dos piezas mecánicas. The present invention relates to a removable fixing device with two mechanical parts, a female part and a male part, preferably to guarantee the fixing between a wear element and an adapter element used in excavating machines and the like. Said fixing device comprises a pin that detachably locks the wear element (tooth) with the adapter element (tooth holders) and a retaining element associated with the pin that collaborates with it to prevent the pin from getting out of its locked position. , maintaining the fixation between the two mechanical parts.
El dispositivo objeto de la presente invención es e especial aplicación en el sector de obras públicas, tal como excavaciones, y minería, aunque puede ser empleado en otros sectores que precisen la conexión entre si de dos piezas, una pieza macho y una pieza hembra acopladas entre si.  The device object of the present invention is a special application in the public works sector, such as excavations, and mining, although it can be used in other sectors that require the connection between two pieces, a male part and a female part coupled each.
Antecedentes de la invención Background of the invention
Las máquinas excavadoras y similares, tales como las empleadas en obras públicas y minería, se utilizan para arrancar, mover y cargar tierra y piedras. Normalmente estas máquinas están dotadas de una cuchara unida a un brazo mecánico. La cuchara está provista de una cuchilla o labio biselado en un borde delantero destinado a incidir y penetrar en la masa de tierra y piedras. Para evitar un excesivo desgaste de la cuchilla y para ayudar a penetrar la tierra, es habitual montar unos dientes asociados a la cuchilla que sobresalen por el borde delantero de la misma. Sin embargo, dichos dientes también están sometidos a desgaste y roturas, por lo que deben ser reemplazados a menudo, y además, dependiendo del trabajo que ha de efectuar la máquina, puede ser deseable cambiar el tipo o la forma de los dientes. Para facilitar dicho reemplazo se utilizan un portadientes, que se fija a la cuchilla de la cuchara de una manera más o menos permanente, y unos dientes, de manera que cada diente se monta de manera liberable en el portadientes por medio de un pasador. Habitualmente, dicho pasador atraviesa unos orificios del diente y un pasaje que atraviesa el portadientes con el fin de fijar el diente al portadientes, garantizando así la conexión entre ambos. Excavating machines and the like, such as those used in public works and mining, are used to tear, move and load earth and stones. Normally these machines are equipped with a spoon attached to a mechanical arm. The spoon is provided with a blade or bevelled lip at a leading edge intended to influence and penetrate the mass of earth and stones. To avoid excessive wear of the blade and to help penetrate the earth, it is common to mount teeth associated with the blade that protrude along the leading edge of the blade. However, said teeth are also subject to wear and tear, so they must be replaced often, and also, depending on the work to be done by the machine, it may be desirable to change the type or shape of the teeth. To facilitate such replacement, a tooth holder is used, which is fixed to the spoon blade in a more or less permanent manner, and teeth, so that each tooth is releasably mounted on the tooth holder by means of a pin. Usually, said pin passes through holes in the tooth and a passage through the tooth bar in order to fix the tooth to the tooth holder, thus ensuring the connection between them.
Cuando los conjuntos de diente y portadientes trabajan en condiciones difíciles, el pasador que los mantiene unidos tiene tendencia a desplazarse contra la fuerza de empuje de un dispositivo de retención o elemento retenedor que colabora con el pasador a mantener el diente y el portadientes unidos. Entonces, el pasador puede salirse del portadientes pudiendo llegar a perderse tanto el pasador como el diente. La pérdida de un diente y/o pasador puede ser muy importante en función del lugar de trabajo de los mismos, pudiendo llegar a averiar otras maquinas, tales como machacadoras, que trabajen en el mismo lugar de producción que la máquina que utiliza los dientes, como por ejemplo minas o canteras. Como se ha mencionado, se utiliza un dispositivo de retención asociado al pasador, para evitar la salida del pasador de su posición de montaje entre el diente y el portadientes, que fija el pasador en dicha posición de su montaje. Los dispositivos de fijación, formados por al menos un pasador y al menos un elemento retenedor, suelen tener características elásticas, aportadas al dispositivo de fijación por el retenedor, para que el pasador pueda fijarse y liberarse sin requerir la rotura del mismo y de forma sencilla, y preferiblemente tipo hammerless, es decir, sin necesidad de un martillo. When tooth and tooth holder assemblies work in difficult conditions, the pin that holds them together tends to move against the pushing force of a retaining device or retainer that collaborates with the pin to keep the tooth and tooth holder together. Then, the pin can get out of the tooth bar and the pin and the tooth can get lost. The loss of a tooth and / or pin can be very important depending on their work place, and other machines, such as crushers, that work in the same place of production as the machine that uses the teeth can be damaged, such as mines or quarries. As mentioned, a retention device associated with the pin is used to prevent the pin from leaving its mounting position between the tooth and the tooth bar, which fixes the pin in said position of its assembly. The fixing devices, formed by at least one pin and at least one retaining element, usually have elastic characteristics, provided to the fixing device by the retainer, so that the pin can be fixed and released without requiring its breakage and easily , and preferably hammerless type, that is, without the need for a hammer.
Normalmente, se usan dispositivos o elementos de retención de material elástico como caucho o poliuretano, ya que posee unas características elásticas que permiten un sistema fácil de desmontaje, sin aplicar fuerzas muy elevadas. Estos elementos de retención no son útiles para todo tipo de trabajos debido a que en aplicaciones donde la temperatura del material es elevado, el material elástico empleado se puede fundir y/o perder sus cualidades elásticas dejando el pasador sin retención, lo que podría provocar también una pérdida del pasador y/o del diente.  Normally, devices or retention elements of elastic material such as rubber or polyurethane are used, since it has elastic characteristics that allow an easy disassembly system, without applying very high forces. These retention elements are not useful for all types of work because in applications where the temperature of the material is high, the elastic material used can melt and / or lose its elastic qualities leaving the pin without retention, which could also cause a loss of the pin and / or the tooth.
La patente americana número US5233770 describe un sistema de pasador compuesto por un cuerpo alargado con un extremo proximal y un extremo distal. El extremo proximal sirve como superficie de impacto mientras que el extremo distal sirve para guiar la introducción del pasador en el acoplamiento o montaje formado por las dos piezas. Asimismo este pasador presenta un elemento de parada (stoper) que se extiende hacia fuera del cuerpo principal, limitando el recorrido en la inserción del pasador para que este no exceda de su posición de montaje. Además, este pasador esta provisto de un muelle integral con un cierto ángulo, permitiendo comprimirse en la inserción del pasador pero recupera su posición normal en la posición de montaje. Este sistema de pasador es muy rígido y la fuerza que necesaria para introducir y sobre todo para extraer este tipo de pasador es muy elevada, es decir, es necesario una maza o martillo para extraer el pasador y poder desacoplar la pieza macho y la pieza hembra, ya que es necesario aplicar una fuerza considerable para romper el elemento de parada. US Patent No. US5233770 describes a pin system composed of an elongated body with a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end serves as an impact surface while the distal end serves to guide the introduction of the pin into the coupling or assembly formed by the two pieces. Also, this pin has a stop element (stoper) that extends outward from the main body, limiting the path in the insertion of the pin so that it does not exceed its mounting position. In addition, this pin is provided with an integral spring with a certain angle, allowing it to be compressed in the pin insertion but regains its normal position in the mounting position. This pin system is very rigid and the force that is necessary to introduce and especially to extract this type of pin is very high, that is, a hammer or hammer is necessary to extract the pin and to be able to decouple the male part and the female part , since it is necessary to apply considerable force to break the stop element.
El sistema de fijación descrito en el documento americano número US5724756 esta provisto de un sistema de muelle para fijar la cavidad trasera de un diente de cazo con el saliente de montaje de un adaptador. Dicho sistema de fijación descrito es poco fiable y poco estable, ya que tanto en la introducción del mismo como en el funcionamiento, este tiende a moverse de forma descontrolada pudiendo trabar el sistema en la extracción además de perder las características elásticas que pretenden dar tensión al sistema, dejándolo por tanto sin esta función. Además, este sistema de retención precisa de un sistema de retención adicional para que el cuerpo del pasador no se desplace de su posición de montaje. The fixing system described in the American document number US5724756 is provided with a spring system to fix the rear cavity of a dipper tooth with the mounting projection of an adapter. Said fixing system described is unreliable and unstable, since both in its introduction and operation, it tends to move uncontrollably and can lock the system in the extraction in addition to losing the elastic characteristics that are intended to give tension to the system, leaving it therefore without this function. In addition, this retention system requires an additional retention system so that the pin body does not move from its mounting position.
Descripción de la invención Description of the invention
Con el fin de superar los inconvenientes mencionados y de simplificar el montaje y desmontaje de un elemento de desgaste, o diente, en un elemento adaptador, o portadientes, concretamente del tipo que conforman en su situación de acoplamiento un canal o cavidad entre ellos para introducir o ubicar el dispositivo de fijación y así sujetar el elemento de desgaste en el elemento adaptador, el objeto de la presente invención es un dispositivo de fijación de acuerdo con el contenido de la reivindicación 1 .  In order to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks and to simplify the assembly and disassembly of a wear element, or tooth, in an adapter element, or tooth holders, specifically of the type that form a channel or cavity between them in their coupling situation to introduce or locating the fixing device and thus securing the wear element in the adapter element, the object of the present invention is a fixing device according to the content of claim 1.
El dispositivo de fijación de acuerdo con la presente invención comprende un pasador formado por un cuerpo preferiblemente prismático alargado y un elemento retenedor conformado por un fleje que colaboran conjuntamente para permitir la flexión del fleje permitiendo de forma fácil el montaje, desmontaje y retención del dispositivo de fijación en un acoplamiento formado por una pieza macho y una pieza hembra, preferiblemente un elemento de desgaste y un elemento adaptador y más preferiblemente un diente y un portadientes.  The fixing device according to the present invention comprises a pin formed by a preferably elongated prismatic body and a retaining element formed by a strip that collaborate together to allow flexion of the strap allowing easy assembly, disassembly and retention of the device fixing in a coupling formed by a male part and a female part, preferably a wear element and an adapter element and more preferably a tooth and a tooth holder.
El pasador posee un cuerpo preferiblemente alargado con al menos dos ranuras enfrentadas, situadas en lados opuestos del pasador. Una primera ranura recorre preferiblemente toda la longitud del pasador desde su extremo superior, disponiendo de una profundidad variable, con un primer tramo de profundidad decreciente hasta alcanzar un segundo tramo de profundidad constante que se prolonga hasta el final o extremo inferior del pasador. El primer tramo de profundidad decreciente puede situarse en medio del cuerpo del pasador. La segunda ranura, situada en el lado opuesto al de la primera ranura del pasador puede recorrer también longitudinalmente el cuerpo del pasador. Una configuración preferente de esta segunda ranura presenta una cavidad de profundidad mayor que la profundidad de la segunda ranura.  The pin has a preferably elongated body with at least two facing grooves, located on opposite sides of the pin. A first groove preferably travels the entire length of the pin from its upper end, having a variable depth, with a first section of decreasing depth until reaching a second section of constant depth that extends to the end or lower end of the pin. The first section of decreasing depth can be located in the middle of the pin body. The second groove, located on the side opposite that of the first groove of the pin, can also longitudinally travel the body of the pin. A preferred configuration of this second groove has a cavity of depth greater than the depth of the second groove.
El cuerpo principal del pasador puede presentar cualquier configuración externa siempre y cuando presente dos ranuras enfrentadas situadas en lados opuestos del cuerpo del pasador, o lo que es lo mismo que se encuentren separadas por el mismo cuerpo del pasador. Como se ha mencionado, el cuerpo del pasador presenta al menos dos ranuras aunque pueden ser cuatro que unifican dicha primera y segunda ranura a lo largo del perímetro del cuerpo del pasador. En un primer tramo, la primera ranura tiene una profundidad decreciente; de manera que, preferiblemente desde el extremo superior donde la profundidad es máxima, la profundidad va decreciendo a lo largo de un primer tramo hasta que se vuelve constante en un segundo tramo hasta llegar al extremo inferior del cuerpo del pasador. The main body of the pin can have any external configuration as long as it has two facing grooves located on opposite sides of the body of the pin, or what is the same as being separated by the same body of the pin. As mentioned, the pin body has at least two grooves although there may be four that unify said first and second groove along the perimeter of the pin body. In a first section, the first slot has a decreasing depth; so that, preferably from the upper end where the depth is maximum, the depth decreases along a first section until it becomes constant in a second section until it reaches the lower end of the pin body.
En la segunda ranura la profundidad puede aumentar o ser contante, siendo preferible que también aumente, y más preferiblemente que aumente de forma constante pero con mayor brusquedad que en la primera ranura, determinando así una cavidad en la que se ubicará el extremo de fijación del fleje, determinando un espesor o una distancia determinada entre ranuras "X".  In the second groove the depth can increase or be constant, it is preferable that it also increases, and more preferably that it increases steadily but more sharply than in the first groove, thus determining a cavity in which the fixing end of the strap, determining a specific thickness or distance between "X" grooves.
Esta profundidad constante de la primera ranura preferiblemente se mantiene también en el caso de que en el extremo inferior del pasador exista una tercera ranura que una la primera ranura y la segunda, describiendo dicha tercera ranura un arco de aproximadamente 180Q This constant depth of the first groove is preferably also maintained in the event that at the lower end of the pin there is a third groove that joins the first groove and the second groove, said third groove describing an arc of approximately 180 Q
Asimismo, el elemento retenedor está formado por un fleje insertado en las ranuras opuestas del pasador, de manera que dicho fleje presenta un tramo flector longitudinal que se posiciona en la primera ranura del pasador y que contacta con la ranura en su tramo de profundidad constante y pierde el contacto en el tramo de profundidad decreciente. Dicho fleje está provisto de un primer extremo libre de retención angulado respecto al tramo flector longitudinal del fleje y un tramo de fijación que se posiciona en la segunda ranura del pasador, con un segundo extremo libre, contrario al primer extremo libre,.  Likewise, the retaining element is formed by a strap inserted in the opposite grooves of the pin, so that said strap has a longitudinal bending section that is positioned in the first groove of the pin and that contacts the groove in its constant depth section and loses contact in the section of decreasing depth. Said strap is provided with a first angled retention free end with respect to the longitudinal bending section of the strap and a fixing section that is positioned in the second groove of the pin, with a second free end, contrary to the first free end.
La sección de dicho fleje es preferiblemente redonda pero otras configuraciones de sección son posibles, como por ejemplo rectangular.  The section of said strip is preferably round but other section configurations are possible, such as rectangular.
El fleje esta provisto de un primer tramo o extremo de retención, un segundo tramo recto o tramo flector y un tercer tramo o extremo de fijación, el cual fija el fleje al cuerpo del pasador.  The strap is provided with a first section or end of retention, a second straight section or bending section and a third section or end of fixation, which fixes the strap to the body of the pin.
El primer tramo o extremo de retención del fleje tiene forma recta/plana formando un ángulo de entre O5 y 905, preferiblemente de 905, con el segundo tramo o tramo flector, siendo la dirección de este primer tramo contraria al cuerpo del pasador por lo que cuando el fleje esta montado en el cuerpo del pasador este extremo de retención tiene la característica de que sobresale del cuerpo del pasador. Este segundo tramo o tramo flector es preferiblemente de mayor longitud que el extremo de retención. Su dirección es aproximadamente coincidente con el eje central del pasador. The first section or end of retention of the strip has a straight / flat shape forming an angle between 0 5 and 90 5 , preferably 90 5 , with the second section or bending section, the direction of this first section being opposite to the body of the pin so when the strap is mounted on the pin body this retaining end has the characteristic that it protrudes from the pin body. This second section or bending section is preferably longer than the retaining end. Its direction is approximately coincident with the central axis of the pin.
Al final del tramo flector empieza el cuarto tramo o tramo curvo, formado por una parte curvada de preferiblemente 180g, la cual provoca que el fleje adopte una forma de S. Este cuarto tramo del fleje quedará insertado en la tercera ranura del pasador en el caso de que este presente dicha ranura conectando la primera y la segunda ranura. At the end of the flector section begins the fourth section or curved section, formed by a curved part of preferably 180 g , which causes the strap to adopt an S-shape. This fourth section of the strap will be inserted in the third groove of the pin in the event that this groove is present by connecting the first and the second groove.
Después del giro, encontramos un tramo recto final o tramo de fijación, el cual se aloja en la segunda ranura del cuerpo del pasador o preferiblemente en la cavidad de la segunda ranura del cuerpo del pasador. La mayor profundidad de dicha cavidad en la segunda ranura hace que el extremo de fijación se fije de manera más profunda en el pasador creando una zona o superficie de contacto que evita el desplazamiento del pasador cuando este tiende a salirse al ser sometido a esfuerzos durante el trabajo de la máquina que tienden a expulsar el pasador del dispositivo de fijación  After the turn, we find a final straight section or fixing section, which is housed in the second groove of the pin body or preferably in the cavity of the second groove of the pin body. The greater depth of said cavity in the second groove causes the fixing end to be fixed more deeply in the pin creating a contact area or surface that prevents the movement of the pin when it tends to come out when subjected to stress during the machine work that tend to eject the pin from the fixing device
La distancia entre la primera y la segunda ranuras del pasador, x, horizontalmente medida, en particular entre un punto del segundo tramo, tramo de profundidad constante, de la primera ranura y la segunda ranura en su punto de mayor profundidad, determina también el mínimo espesor del cuerpo del pasador entre las ranuras. Dicha distancia es mayor que la menor de las distancias, x1 , horizontalmente medidas, existentes entre el tramo flector del fleje y el tramo de fijación del fleje cuando el fleje no está insertado en las citadas ranuras. Lo anterior implica que es necesario realizar un esfuerzo para separar los dos tramos del fleje e insertarlo en las dos ranuras del pasador para crear un efecto pinza que impide que el pasador se separe del fleje o viceversa.  The distance between the first and second grooves of the pin, x, horizontally measured, in particular between a point of the second section, constant depth section, of the first groove and the second groove at its deepest point, also determines the minimum thickness of the pin body between the grooves. Said distance is greater than the smallest of the distances, x1, horizontally measured, existing between the flector section of the strap and the strap fixing section when the strap is not inserted in said grooves. This implies that it is necessary to make an effort to separate the two sections of the strap and insert it into the two grooves of the pin to create a clamp effect that prevents the pin from separating from the strap or vice versa.
Por lo tanto, al montar el fleje en las ranuras del pasador, el tramo flector del fleje se sitúa en el tramo de profundidad constante de la primera ranura del pasador y el tramo de fijación se sitúa preferiblemente en la cavidad de la segunda ranura. Debido a que la distancia x1 es inferior a x es necesario ejercer cierta presión para abrir ligeramente el fleje y que pueda acoplarse o introducirse en las ranuras del cuerpo del pasador, ejerciendo un efecto de pinza, donde la presión de dicho efecto es la responsable de que el fleje se mantenga apretado en torno al pasador sin peligro de que se separen.  Therefore, when mounting the strap in the grooves of the pin, the bending section of the strap is located in the constant depth section of the first groove of the pin and the fixing section is preferably located in the cavity of the second groove. Because the distance x1 is less than x, it is necessary to exert some pressure to open the strap slightly and that it can be coupled or introduced into the grooves of the pin body, exerting a clamp effect, where the pressure of said effect is responsible for the strap stays tight around the pin without danger of being separated.
El fleje debe ser de un material con un grado de elasticidad elevado que permita la flexión del mismo cuando es sometido a determinadas fuerzas. El fleje puede por ejemplo ser del tipo de acero templado empleado en la fabricación de muelles.  The strap must be made of a material with a high degree of elasticity that allows it to flex when it is subjected to certain forces. The strap may for example be of the type of hardened steel used in the manufacture of springs.
Para el montaje del dispositivo de fijación amovible entre un elemento de desgaste o diente y un elemento adaptador o portadientes, en primer lugar se monta el elemento de desgaste en el elemento adaptador, de manera que en esta posición la apertura del elemento adaptador para el dispositivo de fijación se alinea con la apertura del elemento de desgaste para dicho dispositivo de fijación, creando así un canal en el cual se situará el dispositivo de fijación para trabar o impedir la salida del elemento de desgaste evitando así que éste se salga de su posición de montaje. For mounting the removable fixing device between a wear element or tooth and an adapter element or adapter, first the wear element is mounted on the adapter element, so that in this position the opening of the adapter element for the device of fixing is aligned with the opening of the wear element for said fixing device, thus creating a channel in which the fixing device will be placed to lock or prevent the exit of the wear thus preventing it from leaving its mounting position.
Los dos elementos, pasador y elemento retenedor, del dispositivo de fijación se montan antes de entregar la pieza al cliente, determinando así la existencia de una única referencia para el dispositivo retenedor. El fleje se monta en el pasador. Una vez montado el fleje en el cuerpo del pasador, una parte del tramo flector pierde el contacto con el primer extremo de la primera ranura del pasador que tiene una mayor profundidad decreciente. La zona de la primera ranura del pasador en la que no hay contacto con el fleje es el espacio libre que necesita el tramo flector y flexible del fleje para moverse desde una posición de montaje a una posición de desmontaje.  The two elements, pin and retaining element, of the fixing device are mounted before delivering the piece to the customer, thus determining the existence of a single reference for the retaining device. The strap is mounted on the pin. Once the strap is mounted on the pin body, a part of the bending section loses contact with the first end of the first pin groove that has a greater decreasing depth. The area of the first groove of the pin in which there is no contact with the strap is the clearance required by the flexible and bending section of the strap to move from a mounting position to a disassembly position.
Posteriormente se introducirá el dispositivo de fijación en el canal del conjunto elemento de desgaste/ elemento adaptador. El canal tiene unas medidas similares al cuerpo del pasador por lo que al introducir el elemento de fijación en el canal, el extremo retenedor del fleje, que sobresale del cuerpo del pasador, interfiere con el canal formado por el adaptador y el elemento de desgaste. Esta interferencia con el canal empuja el fleje hacia el espacio libre o de no contacto de la primera ranura del pasador, permitiendo que el dispositivo de fijación se deslice por el canal del conjunto elemento de desgaste y elemento adaptador.  Subsequently, the fixing device will be introduced into the channel of the wear element / adapter element assembly. The channel has measures similar to the pin body so that when the fastener is introduced into the channel, the retaining end of the strap, which protrudes from the pin body, interferes with the channel formed by the adapter and the wear element. This interference with the channel pushes the strap towards the free or non-contact space of the first groove of the pin, allowing the fixing device to slide through the channel of the wear element and adapter element assembly.
El dispositivo de fijación se va introduciendo en el canal, con el fleje comprimido, hasta que el extremo de retención del fleje encuentra una ranura en el interior del canal, lo que permite que, al ser esta ranura de mayor profundidad que la anchura del canal, el extremo de retención del fleje se líber de la presión de compresión volviendo a su posición relajada, fijando por tanto el dispositivo de fijación en la posición de montaje.  The fixing device is introduced into the channel, with the compressed strap, until the retaining end of the strap finds a groove inside the channel, which allows this groove to be deeper than the width of the channel , the strap retaining end is released from the compression pressure returning to its relaxed position, thereby fixing the fixing device in the mounting position.
Gracias a estas características, tanto el montaje del elemento de desgaste como la operación de desmontaje se realizan de manera sencilla sin necesidad de aplicar fuertes golpes al dispositivo de fijación que pueden resultar peligrosos, pero al mismo tiempo el acoplamiento durante el trabajo es sólido y fiable. Esto es posible, además de por sus características constructivas, porque la suciedad a la que se ve sometido el dispositivo durante el trabajo no afecta al funcionamiento del mismo, debido a que la suciedad no interfiere en el movimiento del fleje.  Thanks to these characteristics, both the assembly of the wear element and the disassembly operation are carried out in a simple way without the need to apply strong blows to the fixing device that can be dangerous, but at the same time the coupling during the work is solid and reliable . This is possible, in addition to its constructive characteristics, because the dirt to which the device is subjected during work does not affect its operation, because the dirt does not interfere with the movement of the strap.
Para desmontar el dispositivo de fijación, se golpea suavemente la parte superior del pasador hasta liberar el extremo de retención del elemento de retención o fleje de la ranura del adaptador. Como el pasador tiene preferiblemente sección en forma de cuña éste se libera fácilmente de su posición de montaje. Una vez liberado el extremo de retención de la ranura del canal del adaptador, el dispositivo se puede sacar de la interferencia entre el elemento de desgaste y el adaptador, pudiendo sacar el elemento de desgaste y cambiarlo por otro de forma sencilla. La facilidad en el montaje y desmontaje de los elementos de desgaste sin necesidad de grandes fuerzas, permite montar un mayor numero de elementos de desgaste en el cazo de la maquina sin necesidad de ir al taller, es decir, que esta tarea se pueda hacer en el campo. To disassemble the fixing device, gently tap the top of the pin until the retaining end of the retaining element or strap is released from the groove of the adapter. Since the pin preferably has a wedge-shaped section, it is easily released from its mounting position. Once the retaining end of the groove of the adapter channel is released, the device can be removed from the interference between the wear element and the adapter, and the wear element can be removed and replaced with another one in a simple way. The ease in the assembly and disassembly of the elements of wear without the need of great forces, allows to mount a greater number of elements of wear in the bucket of the machine without having to go to the workshop, that is, that this task can be done in field.
Una característica del presente dispositivo de retención es que se puede adaptar a sistemas de retención ya existentes.  A feature of the present retention device is that it can be adapted to existing retention systems.
Breve descripción de las figuras Brief description of the figures
Para mayor comprensión de cuanto se ha expuesto se acompañan unas figuras en las cuales, esquemáticamente y sólo a título de ejemplo, no limitativo, se representan varios casos prácticos de realización. For greater understanding of how much has been exposed, some figures are attached in which, schematically and only by way of example, not limitation, several practical cases of realization are represented.
La figura 1 muestra una vista en perspectiva delantera de un conjunto formado por un diente y un portadientes con un dispositivo de fijación objeto de la presente invención antes de ser introducido en el conjunto.  Figure 1 shows a front perspective view of an assembly formed by a tooth and a tooth holder with a fixation device object of the present invention before being introduced into the assembly.
La figura 2 muestra una vista en perspectiva posterior de la figura 1 .  Figure 2 shows a rear perspective view of Figure 1.
La figura 3 muestra una vista en perspectiva delantera de un dispositivo de fijación objeto de la presente invención.  Figure 3 shows a front perspective view of a fixing device object of the present invention.
La figura 4 muestra una vista en perspectiva delantera de un dispositivo de fijación alternativo objeto de la presente invención.  Figure 4 shows a front perspective view of an alternative fixing device object of the present invention.
La figura 5 muestra una vista en perspectiva trasera del dispositivo de fijación de la figura 3.  Figure 5 shows a rear perspective view of the fixing device of Figure 3.
La figura 6 muestra una sección longitudinal del dispositivo de fijación de las figuras 3 o 4. La figura 7 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un pasador que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 6 shows a longitudinal section of the fixing device of Figures 3 or 4. Figure 7 shows a perspective view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 8 muestra una vista frontal de un pasador que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 8 shows a front view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 9 muestra una vista posterior de un pasador que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 9 shows a rear view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 10 muestra una vista superior de un pasador que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 10 shows a top view of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 1 1 muestra sección longitudinal de un pasador que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a pin that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 12 muestra una vista en perspectiva de un fleje que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 12 shows a perspective view of a strap that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 13 muestra una vista frontal de un fleje que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación. Figure 13 shows a front view of a strap that is part of a device for fixation.
La figura 14 muestra una vista lateral de un fleje que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 14 shows a side view of a strap that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 14a muestra una vista lateral de un fleje alternativo que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 14a shows a side view of an alternative strap that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 14b muestra una vista lateral de un fleje alternativo que forma parte de un dispositivo de fijación.  Figure 14b shows a side view of an alternative strap that is part of a fixing device.
La figura 15 muestra una sección transversal del canal determinado por el montaje de un diente y portadientes con un dispositivo de fijación insertado.  Figure 15 shows a cross-section of the channel determined by the assembly of a tooth and tooth holder with an attachment device inserted.
Descripción de realizaciones preferidas Description of preferred embodiments
La descripción de la forma preferida de realización de la presente invención, se refiere, a título de ejemplo, al acoplamiento entre un diente y un portadientes de una cuchara de una máquina excavadora o similar, aunque es evidente que el dispositivo de fijación objeto de la presente invención puede utilizarse para la fijación amovible de otro tipo de piezas mecánicas.  The description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention refers, by way of example, to the coupling between a tooth and a toothpick of a bucket of an excavator or similar, although it is evident that the fixing device object of the The present invention can be used for removable fixing of other types of mechanical parts.
Haciendo referencia a las figuras, un acoplamiento 1 diente - portadientes comprende un diente 2, un portadientes 3 y un dispositivo de fijación 4 objeto de la presente invención, formado por un pasador 41 y un elemento retenedor o fleje 42 encajado sobre dicho pasador 41 .  Referring to the figures, a tooth-tooth coupling 1 comprises a tooth 2, a tooth holder 3 and a fixing device 4 object of the present invention, formed by a pin 41 and a retaining element or strap 42 fitted on said pin 41.
En la forma preferente de realización mostrada, el cuerpo prismático alargado del pasador presenta varias caras, una cara frontal 47 y una cara trasera 43. Asimismo dispone de dos caras laterales 44, una cara superior 45 y una cara inferior 46. Siendo las caras superior e inferior 45, 46 preferiblemente de menor sección que las caras frontal 42, trasera 43 y laterales 44.  In the preferred embodiment shown, the elongated prismatic body of the pin has several faces, a front face 47 and a rear face 43. It also has two side faces 44, an upper face 45 and a lower face 46. The upper faces being and lower 45, 46 preferably of smaller section than the front 42, rear 43 and side faces 44.
Además, el cuerpo del pasador 41 presenta una primera ranura 400 de profundidad variable. En un primer tramo 401 , dicha ranura tiene una profundidad decreciente desde el extremo superior del pasador coincidente con la cara superior 45 donde la profundidad es máxima, y la profundidad va decreciendo hasta un tramo de profundidad constante 402 en la cara frontal 47.  In addition, the pin body 41 has a first groove 400 of varying depth. In a first section 401, said groove has a decreasing depth from the upper end of the pin coinciding with the upper face 45 where the depth is maximum, and the depth decreases to a constant depth section 402 on the front face 47.
El pasador 41 presenta una segunda ranura en la cara trasera del pasador 43 con preferiblemente un aumento de su profundidad, determinando una cavidad 404, donde la segunda ranura del pasador finaliza su recorrido. El fondo de esta cavidad trasera 404 determina un espesor o distancia, "x", con el tramo de profundidad constante 402 de la ranura 400 en la cara frontal del pasador.  The pin 41 has a second groove in the rear face of the pin 43 with preferably an increase in its depth, determining a cavity 404, where the second groove of the pin ends its travel. The bottom of this rear cavity 404 determines a thickness or distance, "x", with the constant depth section 402 of the groove 400 on the front face of the pin.
Esta cavidad trasera 404 puede preferiblemente presentar una superficie plana y/o paralela con el primer tramo de la primera ranura de profundidad constante, pero otras configuraciones son posibles, puede que tenga forma curvada o forma plana con cierta inclinación. El fleje (42) presenta un tramo de fijación diseñado para alojarse en la cavidad trasera (404) del pasador. Dicho tramo de fijación (402) puede ser recto y paralelo al tramo flector (421 ). Asimismo, dicho tramo recto de fijación puede estar inclinado respecto al tramo flector (421 ) un ángulo determinado a. Dicho tramo puede ser también curvo o incluir una curva. This rear cavity 404 may preferably have a surface flat and / or parallel with the first section of the first groove of constant depth, but other configurations are possible, it may have a curved shape or a flat shape with some inclination. The strap (42) has a fixing section designed to be housed in the rear cavity (404) of the pin. Said fixing section (402) can be straight and parallel to the bending section (421). Likewise, said straight fixing section may be inclined with respect to the bending section (421) at a certain angle a. Said section may also be curved or include a curve.
En el pasador mostrado en las figuras, las ranuras anteriores están unidas por la cara inferior 46 del pasador 41 determinando así una única ranura en el pasador 41 . En la misma, el tramo de profundidad constante 402 de la ranura en la cara frontal 47 se mantiene en un tramo inferior constante 403 en la cara inferior 46, de manera que la ranura realiza una cuerva de 180Q siguiendo la cara inferior 46, hasta llegar a la cara trasera 43 el pasador 41 . In the pin shown in the figures, the anterior grooves are joined by the lower face 46 of the pin 41 thus determining a single groove in the pin 41. In it, the constant depth section 402 of the groove in the front face 47 is maintained in a constant lower section 403 in the lower face 46, so that the groove makes a 180 Q raven following the lower face 46, until Reach pin 41 at the rear face 43.
Asimismo, el dispositivo de fijación 4 incorpora un elemento retenedor o fleje, 42, que está provisto de un primer tramo o extremo de retención 420, un segundo tramo recto o tramo flector 421 , un tercer tramo extremo de fijación 422 y un último tramo o tramo curvo 423, en el que el fleje cambia de dirección, y que une el tramo flector 421 con el tramo de fijación 422.  Likewise, the fixing device 4 incorporates a retaining or strapping element, 42, which is provided with a first section or retaining end 420, a second straight section or bending section 421, a third end fixing section 422 and a last section or curved section 423, in which the strap changes direction, and that joins the flector section 421 with the fixing section 422.
El primer tramo o extremo de retención 420 del fleje 42 tiene forma recta plana formando un ángulo preferiblemente de 905, aunque puede variar entre O5 y 905, con el segundo tramo o tramo flector 421 . La dirección de este primer tramo es contraria al pasador 41 del dispositivo de fijación por lo que cuando el fleje 42 esta encajado o acoplado en el pasador 41 , este extremo de retención 420 tiene la característica de que sobresale del pasador 41 del dispositivo de fijación 4 una vez que se ha montado el fleje 42 en el pasador 41 . El segundo tramo o tramo flector 421 del fleje 42 es preferiblemente de mayor longitud que el extremo de retención 420. The first section or retaining end 420 of the strip 42 has a flat straight shape at an angle preferably of 90 5 , although it may vary between 0 5 and 90 5 , with the second section or bending section 421. The direction of this first section is opposite to the pin 41 of the fixing device so that when the strap 42 is fitted or engaged in the pin 41, this retaining end 420 has the characteristic that it protrudes from the pin 41 of the fixing device 4 once the strap 42 has been mounted on the pin 41. The second section or bending section 421 of the strip 42 is preferably of greater length than the retaining end 420.
Al final del segundo tramo o tramo flector 421 comienza un cuarto tramo o tramo curvo 423, después del cual hay el tramo de fijación 422 el cual esta preferiblemente provisto de una geometría complementaria a la cavidad/geometría de la cavidad 404 de la segunda ranura del pasador, es decir, que el extremo de fijación 422, siguiendo con la profundidad de la cavidad 404 de la segunda ranura del pasador, incida dentro del pasador creando una zona o superficie de oposición. Esta colaboración entre la cavidad 404 del pasador y el extremo de fijación 422 del fleje 42 tiene la función de evitar el desplazamiento del pasador hacia arriba cuando el sistema esta trabajando y tiende a sacar el cuerpo de su posición de montaje.  At the end of the second section or bending section 421 a fourth section or curved section 423 begins, after which there is the fixing section 422 which is preferably provided with a geometry complementary to the cavity / geometry of the cavity 404 of the second slot of the pin, that is to say that the fixing end 422, following the depth of the cavity 404 of the second groove of the pin, strikes inside the pin creating an opposing area or surface. This collaboration between the cavity 404 of the pin and the fixing end 422 of the strap 42 has the function of preventing the movement of the pin upwards when the system is working and tends to remove the body from its mounting position.
El tramo curvo 423 sigue el tramo curvo de la ranura situada en la cara inferior 46 del cuerpo del pasador 41 formando una curva de 1805. The curved section 423 follows the curved section of the groove located on the underside 46 of the pin body 41 forming a 180 5 curve.
Como se ha mencionado, después del tramo curvo 423, se sitúa un tramo de fijación 422 el cual presenta una distancia Xi con el tramo flector 421 , siendo dicha distancia inferior a la distancia X del pasador. Este tramo de fijación 422 tiene una primera función que es la de fijar o retener el fleje 42 en el pasador y puesto que la distancia x1 es inferior a la distancia x, es necesario ejercer una cierta presión en el fleje 42 para abrirlo ligeramente y que se pueda introducir en la ranura del pasador 41 , similar a un efecto de pinza. Este efecto de pinza provoca que el fleje 42 se mantenga a presión en el pasador 41 , asegurando su posición sin riesgo a perderse.  As mentioned, after the curved section 423, a fixing section 422 is located which has a distance Xi with the bending section 421, said distance being less than the distance X of the pin. This fixing section 422 has a first function which is to fix or retain the strap 42 on the pin and since the distance x1 is less than the distance x, it is necessary to exert a certain pressure on the strap 42 to open it slightly and that it can be inserted into the groove of the pin 41, similar to a clamp effect. This clamp effect causes the strap 42 to remain under pressure in the pin 41, ensuring its position without risk of being lost.
Adicionalmente, el primer tramo de la primera ranura (402) puede incluir un rehundido o ranura adicional (406) para fijar el posicionamiento del fleje (42) respecto a dicha primera ranura (402) y por tanto respecto del pasador (41 ). Dicho rehundido puede extenderse también a la segunda ranura (404) y tercera ranura (403).  Additionally, the first section of the first slot (402) may include a recess or additional slot (406) to fix the positioning of the strap (42) with respect to said first slot (402) and therefore with respect to the pin (41). Said recess may also extend to the second slot (404) and third slot (403).
Para el montaje del sistema de fijación 4 amovible entre un elemento de desgaste o diente 2 y un elemento adaptador o pasador 3, en primer lugar se acopla el elemento de desgaste 2 en el elemento adaptador 3, y en esta posición el alojamiento o canal del elemento adaptador 3 para el pasador 41 se alinea con la abertura del elemento de desgaste 2 para el pasador 41 , creando un alojamiento o canal 31 en el cual se ubicara el dispositivo de fijación 4, asegurando el acoplamiento entre el elemento de desgaste 2 y el elemento adaptador 3, evitando así que el dispositivo de fijación 4 se salga de su posición de montaje.  For mounting the removable fixing system 4 between a wear element or tooth 2 and an adapter element or pin 3, firstly the wear element 2 is coupled to the adapter element 3, and in this position the housing or channel of the adapter element 3 for the pin 41 aligns with the opening of the wear element 2 for the pin 41, creating a housing or channel 31 in which the fixing device 4 will be located, ensuring the coupling between the wear element 2 and the adapter element 3, thus preventing the fixing device 4 from leaving its mounting position.
Cuando el fleje 42 se monta en el cuerpo del pasador 41 , el fleje 42 contacta en el tramo de profundidad constante 402 de la ranura 400 del pasador 41 , por lo que el fleje 42 pierde el contacto con la ranura 400 en el tramo de profundidad decreciente 401 . En la zona en la que no hay contacto con el fleje 42 queda un espacio libre 405, que es el espacio que necesita el tramo flexible 421 del fleje 42 para moverse desde una posición de montaje a una posición de desmontaje.  When the strap 42 is mounted on the body of the pin 41, the strap 42 contacts the constant depth section 402 of the slot 400 of the pin 41, whereby the strap 42 loses contact with the slot 400 in the depth section decreasing 401. In the area where there is no contact with the strap 42 there is a free space 405, which is the space needed by the flexible section 421 of the strap 42 to move from a mounting position to a disassembly position.
Posteriormente, se introduce el dispositivo de fijación 4 en el canal o alojamiento 31 del conjunto formado por elemento de desgaste/ elemento adaptador (1 ) previamente acoplados. El canal 31 tiene unas medidas similares al cuerpo del pasador 41 por lo que al introducir el elemento de fijación 4 en el canal 31 , el extremo retenedor 420 del fleje 42 sobresale del cuerpo del pasador 41 , interfiriendo con el adaptador 3. Esta interferencia con el elemento adaptador 3 empuja el fleje 42 hacia el espacio libre 405 de la ranura 31 , permitiendo que el dispositivo de fijación 4 se deslice por el canal 31 del conjunto elemento de desgaste 2 y elemento adaptador 3.  Subsequently, the fixing device 4 is introduced into the channel or housing 31 of the assembly formed by a wear element / adapter element (1) previously coupled. The channel 31 has measures similar to the body of the pin 41 so that by introducing the fixing element 4 into the channel 31, the retaining end 420 of the strap 42 protrudes from the body of the pin 41, interfering with the adapter 3. This interference with The adapter element 3 pushes the strap 42 towards the free space 405 of the slot 31, allowing the fixing device 4 to slide through the channel 31 of the wear element assembly 2 and adapter element 3.
El dispositivo de fijación 4 se va introduciendo en el canal 31 , con el fleje 42 comprimido, hasta que el extremo de retención 420 del fleje 42 encuentra una ranura 32 en el interior del canal 31 del conjunto elemento de desgaste/elemento adaptador (1 ), esta ranura 32 de mayor profundidad que la anchura del canal 31 permite que el extremo de fijación 420 del fleje 42 se libere de la presión de compresión volviendo su posición relajada, fijando así el dispositivo de fijación 4 en posición de montaje. The fixing device 4 is introduced in the channel 31, with the strap 42 compressed, until the retaining end 420 of the strap 42 finds a groove 32 inside the channel 31 of the wear element / adapter element assembly (1), this groove 32 deeper than the width of the channel 31 allows the end of fixing 420 of the strap 42 is released from the compression pressure returning its relaxed position, thus fixing the fixing device 4 in the mounting position.
Gracias a estas características, tanto el montaje del elemento de desgaste 2 como la operación de desmontaje se realizan de manera sencilla sin necesidad de aplicar fuerzas elevadas que pueden ser peligrosas, pero al mismo tiempo asegurando una fijación durante el trabajo que es sólida y fiable. Esto es posible, además de por sus características constructivas, porque la suciedad a la que se ve sometido el dispositivo durante el trabajo no afecta al funcionamiento del mismo puesto que la suciedad no interfiere en el movimiento del fleje.  Thanks to these characteristics, both the assembly of the wear element 2 and the disassembly operation are carried out in a simple way without the need to apply high forces that can be dangerous, but at the same time ensuring a fixation during the work that is solid and reliable. This is possible, in addition to its constructive characteristics, because the dirt to which the device is subjected during work does not affect its operation since the dirt does not interfere with the movement of the strap.
Para el desmontaje, se golpea suavemente la parte superior del cuerpo del pasador 41 , a través de su cara superior 45, hasta liberar el extremo de retención 420 de la ranura 32 del canal 31 . Debido a que el pasador 41 tiene preferiblemente forma de cuña este se libera fácilmente del canal 31 saliéndose el dispositivo de fijación de la posición de acoplamiento/interferencia entre el elemento de desgaste 2 y el adaptador 3. Una vez liberado el dispositivo de fijación 4 de la posición de acoplamiento, el elemento de desgaste se puede retirar y cambiar por otro. La facilidad en el montaje y desmontaje permite que esta tarea se pueda hacer en el campo sin necesidad de llevar la máquina al taller.  For disassembly, the upper part of the pin body 41 is gently tapped, through its upper face 45, until the retaining end 420 of the groove 32 of the channel 31 is released. Because the pin 41 is preferably wedge-shaped, it is easily released from the channel 31 by leaving the fixing device of the coupling / interference position between the wear element 2 and the adapter 3. Once the fixing device 4 is released from the coupling position, the wear element can be removed and replaced by another. The ease in assembly and disassembly allows this task to be done in the field without having to take the machine to the workshop.
Una característica adicional del presente dispositivo de retención es que se puede adaptar a sistemas de retención ya existentes.  An additional feature of the present retention device is that it can be adapted to existing retention systems.
La invención se ha descrito haciendo referencia a varias realizaciones concretas, pero un experto en la materia podrá combinar las diferentes realizaciones en función de las necesidades de aplicación e introducir variaciones y sustituir algunos elementos por otros técnicamente equivalentes, que también estarán comprendidos en el ámbito de protección definido por las reivindicaciones adjuntas.  The invention has been described with reference to several specific embodiments, but one skilled in the art will be able to combine the different embodiments according to the application needs and introduce variations and replace some elements with technically equivalent ones, which will also fall within the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . Dispositivo de fijación, del tipo empleado para el acoplamiento entre una pieza macho y una pieza hembra, formando el acoplamiento entre ambas piezas un canal o alojamiento en el que se aloja el dispositivo de fijación, caracterizado porque dicho dispositivo comprende: one . Fixing device, of the type used for coupling between a male part and a female part, the coupling between both parts forming a channel or housing in which the fixing device is housed, characterized in that said device comprises:
un pasador conformado por un cuerpo sólido con un extremo superior y un extremo inferior y dos ranuras enfrentadas situadas en lados opuestos del pasador, de manera que comprende,  a pin formed by a solid body with an upper end and a lower end and two facing grooves located on opposite sides of the pin, so that it comprises,
i. una primera ranura con una profundidad variable que recorre longitudinalmente el cuerpo del pasador, comprendiendo dicha primera ranura un primer tramo superior de profundidad decreciente hasta alcanzar un segundo tramo inferior de profundidad constante que se prolonga hasta el extremo inferior del cuerpo del pasador, y  i. a first groove with a variable depth that runs longitudinally through the body of the pin, said first groove comprising a first upper section of decreasing depth until reaching a second lower section of constant depth that extends to the lower end of the body of the pin, and
¡i. una segunda ranura situada en el lado opuesto de la primera ranura, y un elemento retenedor que comprende  I. a second slot located on the opposite side of the first slot, and a retaining element comprising
i. un fleje insertado en las ranuras del pasador, presentando un tramo flector longitudinal posicionado en la primera ranura del pasador y que flecta a lo largo del primer tramo del pasador de profundidad decreciente,  i. a strap inserted in the grooves of the pin, presenting a longitudinal bending section positioned in the first groove of the pin and that flecks along the first section of the pin of decreasing depth,
¡i. un primer extremo libre de retención angulado respecto al tramo flector longitudinal del fleje y,  I. a first angled retention free end with respect to the longitudinal bending section of the strap and,
i¡¡. un tramo de fijación posicionado en la segunda ranura del pasador con un segundo extremo libre opuesto al primero,  i. a fixing section positioned in the second groove of the pin with a second free end opposite the first,
siendo la distancia, horizontalmente medida, entre el segundo tramo de la primera ranura y la segunda ranura en su punto de mayor profundidad, coincidente con el mínimo espesor del cuerpo del pasador entre ranuras, mayor que la menor de la distancia, horizontalmente medida, existente entre el tramo flector del fleje y el tramo de fijación del fleje cuando el fleje no está insertado en las citadas ranuras, de manera que es necesario un esfuerzo para separar los dos tramos del fleje e insertarlo en las dos ranuras del pasador, creando de esta manera un efecto pinza.  being the distance, horizontally measured, between the second section of the first groove and the second groove at its deepest point, coinciding with the minimum thickness of the pin body between grooves, greater than the smallest of the horizontally measured distance, existing between the flector strap section and the strap fixation section when the strap is not inserted in said grooves, so that an effort is necessary to separate the two sections of the strap and insert it into the two grooves of the pin, creating this Way a caliper effect.
2. Dispositivo de fijación, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la segunda ranura comprende una cavidad con mayor profundidad que la de la segunda ranura que aloja el tramo de fijación del fleje determinando una superficie de contacto (500) entre el fleje una superficie de dicha cavidad, que inmoviliza el fleje respecto del pasador y viceversa. 2. Fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the second slot comprises a cavity with greater depth than that of the second slot housing the strap fixing section determining a contact surface (500) between the strap a surface of said cavity, which immobilizes the strap with respect to the pin and vice versa.
3. Dispositivo, según reivindicaciones 1 , caracterizado porque el pasador presenta un espacio libre (405) en el primer tramo de profundidad decreciente que permite que el tramo flector del elemento de retención oscile entre al menos dos posiciones, una primera posición de montaje y una segunda posición de desmontaje. 3. Device according to claims 1, characterized in that the pin has a free space (405) in the first section of decreasing depth that allows the bending section of the retention element to oscillate between at least two positions, a first mounting position and a Second disassembly position.
4. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el cuerpo del pasador presenta una tercera ranura en el extremo inferior del pasador que une la primera ranura y la segunda ranura. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the pin has a third groove in the lower end of the pin that joins the first groove and the second groove.
5. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el cuerpo del pasador tiene sección en cuña. 5. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the pin has wedge section.
6. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque al menos una ranura del pasador presenta un rehundido para fijar el posicionamiento del fleje respecto a dicha ranura y por tanto respecto del pasador. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one groove of the pin has a recess to fix the positioning of the strap with respect to said groove and therefore with respect to the pin.
7. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el primer extremo libre de retención (420) del fleje (42) forma un ángulo de entre O5 y 905 con el tramo flector longitudinal (421 ). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first free end (420) of the strap (42) forms an angle between O 5 and 90 5 with the longitudinal bending section (421).
8. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 o 7, caracterizado porque el ángulo entre el primer extremo libre de retención (420) del fleje (42) y el tramo flector (421 ) es próximo a 905. Device according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the angle between the first free retention end (420) of the strap (42) and the bending section (421) is close to 90 5 .
9. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el fleje esta provisto de un tercer tramo curvo que une el tramo flector longitudinal y el tramo de fijación 422 9. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap is provided with a third curved section connecting the longitudinal bending section and the fixing section 422
10. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el tramo de fijación (422) está formado por un tramo recto, paralelo al tramo flector. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing section (422) is formed by a straight section, parallel to the bending section.
1 1 . Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el tramo de fijación (422) está formado por un tramo curvado y un tramo recto que se apoya en el fondo de la cavidad de la segunda ranura del pasador. eleven . Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing section (422) is formed by a curved section and a straight section that rests on the bottom of the cavity of the second groove of the pin.
12. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el tramo de fijación (422) está formado por un tramo recto inclinado respecto al tramo flector. 12. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing section (422) is formed by a straight section inclined with respect to the bending section.
13. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 4 y 9, caracterizado porque el fleje (42) en su tramo curvo (423) se introduce en la tercera ranura del pasador. 13. Device according to claim 4 and 9, characterized in that the strap (42) in its curved section (423) is inserted into the third groove of the pin.
14. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el fleje es un elemento de un material templado con un grado de elasticidad elevado.. 14. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap is an element of a tempered material with a high degree of elasticity.
15. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el fleje presenta una sección rectangular. 15. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap has a rectangular section.
16. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el fleje presenta una sección circular. 16. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the strap has a circular section.
17. Dispositivo, según reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque el fleje comprende: 17. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the strap comprises:
- un primer extremo libre de retención (420) del fleje (42) angulado respecto del tramo flector (421 ) longitudinal que se extiende en sentido contrario al del extremo libre de retención (420) a lo largo de la primera ranura del pasador hasta el extremo inferior del pasador,  - a first retention-free end (420) of the angled strip (42) with respect to the longitudinal bending section (421) extending in the opposite direction to the retention-free end (420) along the first groove of the pin to the lower end of the pin,
- donde comienza un tramo curvo (423) donde la dirección del fleje (42) cambia hasta introducirse en la segunda ranura del pasador,  - where a curved section (423) begins where the direction of the strap (42) changes until it is introduced into the second groove of the pin,
- comenzando un tramo de fijación (422) que presenta una primera inclinación hacia el tramo flector (421 ) alojándose el fleje (42) en la cavidad del pasador y creando una superficie de oposición (500) entre la cavidad del pasador y el fleje, impidiendo que el pasador se salga de entre los dos extremos del fleje o que el fleje se desplace respecto del pasador.  - starting a fixing section (422) that has a first inclination towards the flector section (421), the strap (42) being housed in the pin cavity and creating an opposing surface (500) between the pin cavity and the strap, preventing the pin from getting out between the two ends of the strap or the strap moving with respect to the pin.
PCT/ES2011/070277 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components WO2012140286A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201390086A ES2462391B2 (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 TWO-PIECE MECHANICAL FIXING DEVICE
US14/111,829 US9512598B2 (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components
PCT/ES2011/070277 WO2012140286A1 (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components
CN201180071625.1A CN103608527B (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 A kind of releasable securing apparatus for two mechanical parts

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/ES2011/070277 WO2012140286A1 (en) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Device for detachable fastening of two mechanical components

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CN (1) CN103608527B (en)
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CN103608527B (en) 2016-07-06
CN103608527A (en) 2014-02-26
US20140133905A1 (en) 2014-05-15
US9512598B2 (en) 2016-12-06
ES2462391B2 (en) 2014-10-06
ES2462391A1 (en) 2014-05-22

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