WO2012139914A1 - Élément de couplage pour guide d'ondes optiques, connecteur à fiche et procédé de fabrication associé - Google Patents

Élément de couplage pour guide d'ondes optiques, connecteur à fiche et procédé de fabrication associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012139914A1
WO2012139914A1 PCT/EP2012/055939 EP2012055939W WO2012139914A1 WO 2012139914 A1 WO2012139914 A1 WO 2012139914A1 EP 2012055939 W EP2012055939 W EP 2012055939W WO 2012139914 A1 WO2012139914 A1 WO 2012139914A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coupling element
optical waveguide
optical
electro
connection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/055939
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Bodo Armin Bastion Bimboese
Jorg Bieber
Robert Wuerker
Stefan Lieder
Original Assignee
Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh filed Critical Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh
Publication of WO2012139914A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139914A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3826—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres characterised by form or shape
    • G02B6/383—Hermaphroditic connectors, i.e. two identical plugs mating with one another, each plug having both male and female diametrically opposed engaging parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/3628—Mechanical coupling means for mounting fibres to supporting carriers
    • G02B6/3648—Supporting carriers of a microbench type, i.e. with micromachined additional mechanical structures
    • G02B6/3652—Supporting carriers of a microbench type, i.e. with micromachined additional mechanical structures the additional structures being prepositioning mounting areas, allowing only movement in one dimension, e.g. grooves, trenches or vias in the microbench surface, i.e. self aligning supporting carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3809—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs without a ferrule embedding the fibre end, i.e. with bare fibre end
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3855—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture characterised by the method of anchoring or fixing the fibre within the ferrule
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4214—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical element having redirecting reflective means, e.g. mirrors, prisms for deflecting the radiation from horizontal to down- or upward direction toward a device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4292—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements the light guide being disconnectable from the opto-electronic element, e.g. mutually self aligning arrangements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coupling element for releasably connecting at least a first optical waveguide to at least a second optical waveguide and/or at least an electro- optical component.
  • Such coupling elements are also often referred to as ferrules.
  • the optical axes must be precisely aligned and adjoin each other very closely, that is to say, the optical axes to be coupled must be precisely positioned both in a radial and in an axial direction.
  • An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a coupling element for at least a first optical waveguide so that it is possible to ensure, on the one hand, reliable securing of the coupling element to the optical waveguide and, on the other hand, robust and reliable securing of the coupling element to a second optical waveguide and/or an optical component. Furthermore, in particular for use in a motor vehicle, a high level of reliability and robustness for the connection and short cycle times and low costs for the production are intended to be achieved.
  • the dependent claims relate to advantageous developments of the present invention.
  • the present invention is based on the notion that an optical waveguide is adjusted in an axial direction in a ferrule which is fixed thereto in a non-releasable manner and the orientation with respect to its counter-piece which is to be connected is carried out by means of two so-called inner prisms, each of which is part of one of the ferrules, respectively.
  • These adjustment prisms which are formed by preferably V-shaped inner grooves are preferably of a compressible material in order to be able to compensate for tolerance effects, as known, for example, from the article William L.
  • the guiding groove is produced in a directly integral manner with the coupling element, for example, by means of injection-moulding.
  • the guiding groove has a first region in which the at least one first optical waveguide is partially received, and a second region for receiving the at least one second optical waveguide.
  • connection is used as a so-called fibre-optic inline connection, that is to say, for connecting two optical fibres to an identical coupling element, respectively
  • the entire connection can be closed by using a housing which is constructed merely in a very simple manner.
  • the production and the closure and release of the optical connection is thereby particularly simple and cost-effective.
  • the adjustment according to the invention in two mutually opposed guiding grooves of the coupling elements to be connected enables particularly precise and reliable orientation of the optical axes with respect to each other. This is also a result of the fact that the integral production involves a substantially shorter tolerance chain than ferrules which are assembled from several pieces.
  • the principle of the present invention can be used not only to connect optical waveguides of the same type, but also to connect an optical waveguide (for example, a pigtail) to electro-optical receivers or transmitters whose housing then constitutes the correspondingly fitting counter-piece to the ferrule according to the invention.
  • Precise orientation of the optical axis for coupling in a receiver or for decoupling from a transmitter with the optical axis of the optical waveguide is thereby achieved in a particularly simple manner.
  • the present invention is not limited to only one fibre being arranged in the coupling element. Of course, a plurality of optical fibres may also be positioned therein.
  • the fibres which are connected using the method according to the invention do not necessarily have to have the same cross-section.
  • the fibre pairs which are intended to be connected in each case will have approximately the same cross- section so that the radial adjustment can be carried out via the guiding groove according to the invention.
  • the present invention may allow the necessary precision of adjustment, with production costs which are sufficiently low. This is particularly significant in the context of the optical multimedia network
  • An optoelectronic plug type connector system which can be used in the media- orientated system transport (MOST) network, comprises plug type connectors for coupling various optoelectronic components, so-called pigtails, that is to say, short optical waveguides, which are connected to such an electro-optical component, various hybrid plug type connectors and corresponding plastics optical waveguide cable sets.
  • pigtails that is to say, short optical waveguides, which are connected to such an electro-optical component, various hybrid plug type connectors and corresponding plastics optical waveguide cable sets.
  • a particularly reliable adjustment of two optical axes relative to each other can be achieved by the use of guiding grooves with a substantially V-shaped cross-section.
  • the material from which the coupling element is produced may additionally be provision for the material from which the coupling element is produced to have a degree of compressibility in order to centre different fibre cross-sections with the smallest possible deviation in relation to each other.
  • polyamide can be used as a material for the coupling element.
  • all other conventional materials may also be considered.
  • the dimension of the V-shaped groove may be selected to be different for the first region and the second region so that, for example, the dimensions of the lateral walls in the first region are selected in such a manner that the guiding groove of the second region is received in the guiding groove of the first region of a complementary coupling element when the two coupling elements are connected to each other.
  • the coupling element has, for adjusting an axial defined position of the first optical waveguide, a terrace- like projection which defines a reference face transversely relative to the longitudinal axis of the guiding groove. Consequently, the position of the optical fibre in the longitudinal direction can be determined with very low tolerances before the fibres are connected to the ferrule by means of a weld connection. Crimping, for example, of a brass or zinc pressure diecast component is also conceivable in this instance.
  • the automotive industry requires maintenance/repair solutions which can be joined using conventional tools. With existing MOST ferrules, for example, a turned brass ferrule is crimped.
  • the coupling element according to the invention is formed in such a manner that it co-operates with an identical second coupling element which is arranged in a state rotated through 180° about a longitudinal axis of the guiding groove on the first coupling element and co-operates therewith in order to produce the connection.
  • the present invention further relates to a plug type connector for releasably connecting at least a first optical waveguide to at least a second optical waveguide and/or at least one optical component, which comprises at least one coupling element according to the present invention.
  • a housing which receives and fixes the assembled coupling elements and/or the coupling element which is assembled with the at least one optical component. It is thereby possible to produce universally applicable optical fibres which are suitable both for connection to other optical fibres and for the connection of electro-optical components.
  • the housing may be constructed as a simple covering sleeve.
  • a cost-effective, robust and simple optical plug type connector is provided, which nonetheless complies with the high precision requirements for very thin optical waveguide cross-sections.
  • the covering sleeve may have a catch device for securing the first coupling element.
  • the associated second coupling element may of course also be engaged in the covering sleeve.
  • the plug type connector according to the invention further has a releasable retention member which, in the assembled state, applies forces in an axial and radial direction.
  • a releasable retention member which, in the assembled state, applies forces in an axial and radial direction.
  • this may be a resilient retention clamp which, on the one hand, has resilient arms which apply a radial pressure to the coupling elements and which further has resilient arms which press the coupling elements towards each other in an axial direction.
  • the covering sleeve has inclined guiding members which are arranged in such a manner that they hold the coupling elements, during insertion into the sleeve, away from the other coupling element until the axial position is substantially reached. Owing to this safety clearance in a radial direction, damage to the sensitive end faces of the optical waveguides can be effectively prevented.
  • optical waveguides are produced by an integrally produced coupling element being positioned in an axial direction on the optical waveguide and the two components subsequently being secured to each other by means of a welding operation. All known methods can be used for the welding operation, in particular the laser welding techniques set out in EP 1 180 248 B l.
  • the optical waveguide is a so-called polymer clad silica (PCS) optical fibre.
  • PCS fibre has a core having a cladding and an inner jacket and outer jacket.
  • the core comprises, for example, silicon oxide and the cladding layer may comprise a tetrafluoroethylene hexafluoropropylene copolymer or a tetrafluoroethylene vinylidene fluoride copolymer.
  • the present invention may be used with any type of cladding and in particular with fibres which have diameters of 200 ⁇ or less or more (for example, 980 ⁇ POF (plastic optical fibre)).
  • a plastics material such as, for example, polyamide 12, which provides sufficient resistance for the aggressive conditions in the motor vehicle.
  • the production method according to the invention therefore also comprises the step of partially releasing the waveguide core and waveguide cladding by removing the protective sleeve and conditioning the fibre end face (for example, by means of laser cleaving) before the optical waveguide is assembled in the coupling element.
  • the welding with the optical waveguide is preferably carried out between the inner wall of the coupling element and the outer wall of the inner jacket but may also be provided between the inner wall of the coupling element and the outer wall of the outer jacket.
  • the method according to the invention for connecting two coupling elements of the same type is carried out in a particularly simple and reliable manner in that a first coupling element which is provided with an axially positioned and laser-welded fibre is first mounted and engaged in a covering sleeve.
  • the second coupling element is subsequently inserted.
  • the covering sleeve has an inclined guiding member which redirects the second coupling element during insertion thereof in such a manner that the first optical waveguide which has already been assembled and the moving second optical waveguide do not come into contact with each other in order to prevent damage. Only when the second optical waveguide has substantially reached its axial position does the catch connection between the second coupling element and the covering sleeve become engaged, and the two optical waveguides to be connected are temporarily adjusted with respect to each other.
  • the definitive fixing is carried out according to the invention by fitting a releasable retention member which applies forces in an axial and radial direction in the assembled state.
  • a releasable retention member which applies forces in an axial and radial direction in the assembled state.
  • This may, for example, be a curved retention member which is inserted and which applies radial pressing force to the assembled coupling elements through at least one recess in the covering sleeve and, on the other hand, engages on external peripheral regions of the coupling element in order to apply axial pressure of the coupling elements to each other so that the end faces of the optical waveguides come into contact with each other.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective illustration of a coupling element according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the coupling element with a mounted optical fibre according to claim 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is a view of the end face of the arrangement from Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view of a plug type connector having two identical coupling elements according to Figures 1 to 3;
  • Figure 5 is a detail of Figure 7;
  • Figure 6 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 4 with a sectioned optical fibre
  • Figure 7 is a cross-section through the arrangement of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 4.
  • FIGS 9 to 15 illustrate various operating steps when connecting two optical fibres according to the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view of a mounting socket for the connection between an electro-optical component and an optical fibre using a coupling element according to the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view of the mounting socket having a connected optical fibre
  • Figure 18 is a sectioned view of an optical fibre which is connected to the connector block of Figure 16;
  • Figure 19 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 17.
  • the structure of a coupling element 100 according to the present invention is first intended to be considered in greater detail with reference to Figures 1 to 3.
  • the coupling element 100 which is often also referred to as a ferrule serves to releasably connect a first optical waveguide 102 to another optical waveguide or optical component.
  • the optical waveguide 102 is a so-called PCS optical fibre, that is to say, a silica core which is provided with a polymer coating.
  • the core/cladding structure 104 may have diameters in the order of magnitude of 200 ⁇ .
  • the solution according to the invention can also be used for thicker and thinner optical waveguides, for example, those with diameters of 8 ⁇ or 980 ⁇ .
  • the coupling element 100 does not necessarily have to be constructed in such a manner that only one optical waveguide 102 can be received therein.
  • a plurality of optical waveguides may also be accommodated in correspondingly constructed coupling elements.
  • the optical waveguide 102 has an inner jacket 106 and an outer jacket 108.
  • the inner jacket 106 is not quite as remote as the outer jacket 108 and acts as an auxiliary means for introduction along a funnel-shaped inclined introduction member 110 when the optical waveguide 102 is inserted into the coupling element 100.
  • connection region 118 the core/cladding structure 104 is exposed so that the radial orientation according to the invention can be carried out.
  • the coupling element 100 which is formed in one piece is non-releasably connected to the outer side of the outer jacket 108 by means of a weld connection 112.
  • this weld connection may also be carried out between the inner wall of the coupling element 100 and the outer layer of the inner jacket 106. All known welding methods, for example, the laser welding methods proposed in EP 1 180 248 B l, may be used.
  • the coupling element 100 has a reference face 114 which is arranged transversely relative to the inserted optical fibre. Before the weld connection 112 is fitted, the end face 116 of the first optical waveguide is orientated flush with the reference face 114. Only then is the optical waveguide 102 welded to the coupling element 100 and the position of the end face 116 fixed in the axial direction.
  • the coupling element 100 has a connection region 118 which can be brought into contact with a second coupling element or an electro-optical component. In this connection region 118, there is provided a guiding groove 120 which is divided into two regions 122, 124. The core/cladding structure 104 of the first optical fibre is received in the first region.
  • the second region 124 is formed in such a manner that, when connected to a second optical fibre, it can cooperate with the core/cladding structure thereof. Conversely, when the coupling element 100 is connected to another identical coupling element, its second region 124 of the groove 120 can co-operate with the core/cladding structure 104 of the first optical waveguide.
  • Figure 4 shows a plug type connector 300 for releasably connecting two identical optical waveguides 102 and 202.
  • the second coupling element 200 is rotated with reference to the first coupling element 100 through 180° about a longitudinal axis defined by the optical waveguide.
  • the end faces 116, 216 of the first and second optical waveguide 104, 204 are adjusted in an axial direction with sufficient precision using the respective reference faces.
  • the adjustment in a radial direction is carried out according to the invention by means of the co-operation of the guiding grooves of the two coupling elements 100, 200.
  • the first region 122 of the guiding groove of the first coupling element comes to rest in each case below the second region 224 of the second coupling element 200 that is rotated through 180°.
  • the core/cladding structure 104 of the first optical waveguide 102 is arranged therebetween and retained in a defined radial position by means of the co-operation of these two inner prisms.
  • the core/cladding structure 204 of the second optical waveguide 202 is surrounded by the first region 222 of the guiding groove of the second coupling element and the second region 124 of the guiding groove of the first coupling element 100 and is also forced onto the same radial position as the first core/cladding structure 104.
  • the two end faces 116, 216 of the two optical waveguides 102, 202 are thereby positioned optimally with respect to each other in a radial direction. Any tolerance differences can be compensated for by a flexible material, such as, for example, polyamide, being selected for the coupling elements 100, 200, which yields slightly owing to compression and thereby allows tolerance compensation, as described in the article William L. Schumacher: "Fiber Optic Connector Design to Eliminate Tolerance Effects", presented at the 10 th Annual Connector Symposium, Cherry Hill, New Jersey, 1977.
  • the plug type connector 300 comprises a covering sleeve 302, in which the two coupling elements 100, 200 are received.
  • a curved retention member 304 which, on the one hand, applies a radial pressure in the direct connection region 118 and, on the other hand, in the peripheral regions 126, 226 applies pressure in a direction along the optical fibre towards the connection region 118.
  • a catch shoulder 128 on the coupling element 100 co-operates with a catch arm 306 on the covering sleeve 302 in order to temporarily secure the two coupling elements in the inserted position, even without the fitted curved retention member 304.
  • FIG. 6 to 8 Various views, from which the operating method of the curved retention member 304 can be derived, are illustrated in Figures 6 to 8.
  • the curved retention member 304 on the one hand has centrally arranged resilient arms 308 for applying pressure which is radially directed towards the optical fibres and, on the other hand, has second resilient arms 310 which apply pressure which is directed in a manner substantially parallel with the optical fibres to the peripheral regions 226 and 126 of the coupling elements 100 and 200.
  • the closed connection can be released at any time without being destroyed. During normal operation, however, unintentional release is not possible.
  • connection of two optical fibres using the plug type connector 300 shown in Figures 4 to 8 is intended to be explained in greater detail.
  • the covering sleeve is illustrated here only very schematically.
  • the important aspect for the assembly is an inclined guiding member 312 whose function becomes clear in particular with reference to Figure 12.
  • the first coupling element 100 is first mounted in the covering sleeve 302 so that the catch connection 128, 306 is closed.
  • the coupling element 200 which has been rotated through 180° with respect to the coupling element 100 is inserted into the covering sleeve 302.
  • a first inclined introduction member which is arranged at the end face of the connection region and a second inclined introduction member 230 facilitate the insertion of the coupling element.
  • an inclined guiding member 312 which, together with the inclined introduction member 230, guides the second coupling element 200 during further insertion into the covering sleeve 302 in such a manner that the end face 216 of the optical waveguide in no way comes into contact with the first coupling element 100.
  • This upward movement is again illustrated in particular in Figure 13.
  • the catch arm 306 is actuated.
  • the second coupling element 200 engages with the catch arm 306 of the covering sleeve 302 when the definitive axial position of the two optical waveguides relative to each other has substantially been reached. This primary locking prevents the two coupling elements 100, 200 from being able to move too far apart from each other again.
  • connection region 118 radially inwardly directed pressure directly to the guiding grooves of the respective coupling elements and in the external peripheral region longitudinal pressing force substantially parallel with the respective optical waveguides.
  • This type of connection allows precise orientation of the optical axes of two optical waveguides relative to each other. Such an orientation is significant for the correct function of a fibreoptic connection. With such mechanical connections, deviations which are mostly caused by tolerances and which occur both in a radial and in an axial direction may cause damping which significantly impairs the properties of the connection.
  • the prefabricated coupling element 100 of the first optical waveguide 102 can be used not only for the connection to a second coupling element 200 of the same type but can also contact electro-optical components such as LEDs, VCSELS (vertical cavity surface emitting lasers) and laser diodes or photodiodes and phototransistors.
  • a fibre optic transmitter (FOT) 400 has a housing 402. On the housing 402 of the FOT 400 there is provided a guiding groove 420 which is capable of co-operating with the guiding groove 120 of the coupling element 100.
  • An optical reference point 414 constitutes the analogon with respect to the reference face 114.
  • a chip 404 produces the light 406 which is coupled into the optical fibre 104.
  • the principles of the present invention can of course also be applied to arrangements with a plurality of grooves in the FOT housing, for contacting a plurality of lines or with combined housings for transmitters and receivers.
  • resilient forces 408 are used in order to fix the coupling element 100 to the housing 402.
  • optical waveguides according to the invention therefore allows a universally applicable plug type connection both between optical waveguides of the same type and between electro-optical components and optical fibres, such as, for example, pigtails.
  • optical fibres such as, for example, pigtails.
  • the principles according to the invention can of course also be used for plug type connectors in which more than only one optical fibre is arranged.
  • hybrid plug type connectors which, in addition to the optical connection, also produce an electrical connection.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Coupling Of Light Guides (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un élément de couplage pour connecter de façon détachable au moins un premier guide d'ondes optiques à au moins un deuxième guide d'ondes optiques et/ou au moins un composant électrooptique. Ledit élément de couplage (100) est produit de manière intégrale et est fixé à un guide d'ondes optiques (102) au moyen d'une connexion soudée (112). L'élément de couplage (100) comporte une rainure de guidage (120) qui comprend une première région (122) dans laquelle ledit ou lesdits premiers guides d'ondes optiques (102) sont partiellement accueillis, et une deuxième région (124) pour accueillir partiellement ledit ou lesdits deuxièmes guides d'ondes optiques. La rainure de guidage a de préférence une section en forme de V. L'invention concerne également un connecteur de type fiche, un procédé de production de guides d'ondes optiques, et un procédé pour connecter de manière détachable au moins un premier guide d'ondes optiques à au moins un deuxième guide d'ondes optiques et/ou au moins un composant électrooptique.
PCT/EP2012/055939 2011-04-11 2012-04-02 Élément de couplage pour guide d'ondes optiques, connecteur à fiche et procédé de fabrication associé WO2012139914A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011016709.9 2011-04-11
DE102011016709A DE102011016709A1 (de) 2011-04-11 2011-04-11 Kupplungselement für Lichtwellenleiter, Steckverbinder und Herstellungsverfahren

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012139914A1 true WO2012139914A1 (fr) 2012-10-18

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WO (1) WO2012139914A1 (fr)

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