WO2012139338A1 - Module électrique central d'un accumulateur au lithium et procédé de conception d'un système de refroidissement de boîtier d'accumulateur - Google Patents

Module électrique central d'un accumulateur au lithium et procédé de conception d'un système de refroidissement de boîtier d'accumulateur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012139338A1
WO2012139338A1 PCT/CN2011/077004 CN2011077004W WO2012139338A1 WO 2012139338 A1 WO2012139338 A1 WO 2012139338A1 CN 2011077004 W CN2011077004 W CN 2011077004W WO 2012139338 A1 WO2012139338 A1 WO 2012139338A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase change
cooling system
change material
heat
cell module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/077004
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
蔡英
Original Assignee
智晖有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 智晖有限公司 filed Critical 智晖有限公司
Priority to CN201180071614.3A priority Critical patent/CN104247144A/zh
Publication of WO2012139338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139338A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for designing a lithium battery cell module and a battery pack cooling system.
  • the application is submitted to the Chinese Patent Office on April 14, 2011, and the application number is 201110092857.7.
  • the invention name is "a lithium battery cell module and battery pack cooling.
  • the invention relates to the technical field of power grids, in particular to a novel solid phase change material and its application in a battery core and a battery pack heat dissipation system. Background technique
  • the purpose of battery thermal management is to ensure that the battery operates within a certain temperature range to prevent damage to the battery or reduce the battery life due to excessive battery temperature; and to maintain the temperature of each unit as balanced as possible to improve battery performance. And life expectancy.
  • the current research is more concerned with the problem of how the heat sink group dissipates heat.
  • the battery storage energy is reduced.
  • the general preheating methods for batteries include: internal RTD heating, external heating of the cell module, external heating of each cell in the module, and fluid circulation heating.
  • Battery cooling systems use air and liquid media to ventilate and cool, as well as heat storage methods for insulating materials such as phase change materials. Therefore, the cooling methods are mainly based on heat transfer media: gas cooling, liquid cooling, and phase change material cooling.
  • Gas cooling can be divided into natural convection cooling and forced air convection cooling.
  • Natural convection cooling usually means using the natural wind directly without using any external auxiliary energy. The heat generated by the use of the process is taken away. The method is simple and easy, and the cost is low. However, a large heat dissipation area is required in the design of the battery and the package, and the cooling effect is poor.
  • Forced air convection cooling is achieved by installing a local heat sink or fan at a suitable location inside the battery housing, and controlling the fan's switching and speed based on battery temperature and temperature rise for real-time battery cooling. This method is practical and efficient, but for large-scale lithium batteries, since a large number of cells are closely arranged together, the heat dissipation area is greatly reduced, so it is not enough to use only air cooling.
  • Liquid cooling because the commonly used coolant has a much higher heat transfer coefficient than air, and the liquid boundary layer is thinner and has a higher conductivity. Experiments have shown that liquid cooling not only significantly reduces the excessive temperature of the battery, but also makes the temperature distribution of the battery mold more uniform.
  • the phase change material is cooled by filling a phase change material between the fully enclosed module cells and using a phase change material cooling mechanism.
  • the gasification process of the refrigerant at low pressure or low temperature or the melting process or sublimation process of the solid at a low temperature absorbs heat to the object to be cooled for cooling purposes. It can also store heat in the form of latent heat when it is discharged, and release it when working in a charged or cold environment. At present, this cooling method is only applied to cylindrical cells, but it is not applied to square cells.
  • a PCM Phase Change Material
  • Phase Change Material is an energy storage material that can be used when a certain form of energy is stored above its phase transition temperature and released below its phase transition temperature. It is mainly composed of main heat storage agent, phase change point modifier, anti-superheating agent, phase separation inhibitor, phase change accelerator and other components.
  • phase change materials There are many kinds of phase change materials. From the characteristics of stored energy, they are divided into two types: heat storage materials and cold storage materials. From the way of energy storage energy storage, it can be divided into three categories: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage and chemical reaction energy storage. Among them, latent heat storage energy is to use the phase change latent heat of the phase change material to store heat, the storage energy density is large, the heat storage device is simple and small, and the heat storage material is approximately constant temperature during the heat storage process, and the room temperature constant temperature can be easily realized. Control, especially suitable for building insulation and energy conservation.
  • the high temperature phase change materials are mainly some molten salts and metal alloys; the medium temperature phase change materials are mainly some hydrated salts, Organic and polymeric materials; low temperature phase change materials are mainly ice and hydrogels.
  • the inorganic phase change material mainly includes inorganic substances such as hydrated salt, molten salt and metal alloy;
  • the organic phase change material mainly includes paraffin wax (Paraffin Wax), carboxylic acid, ester, polyol and the like;
  • the mixed phase change material is mainly A mixture of organic and inorganic infused phase change materials.
  • Solid-liquid phase change materials mainly include hydrated salts and paraffin waxes, etc., which are more than solid-gas phase change materials and liquid-gas phase change materials in engineering applications but less than solid phase change materials.
  • Solid-set phase change materials mainly include high-density polyethylene, polyols, and organometallic compounds having a "layered perovskite" crystal structure. Solid-set phase change materials have been widely used in energy conservation, textiles, and military fields in industrial and civil construction and air conditioning. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a lithium battery cell module and a battery pack cooling system design method.
  • the cooling system designed by the present invention is characterized by using a new phase change material and air cooling to achieve heat dissipation of the battery core group, thereby avoiding Use heat exchangers, pumps and circulation lines in ordinary liquid cooling systems.
  • the system enhances the cooling capacity of the same air-cooling system and has the advantage of keeping the battery pack in a low temperature environment.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for designing a lithium battery cell module and a battery pack cooling system, which is specifically:
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a design method of a lithium battery cell module and a battery pack cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase change material selection and a temperature point or temperature zone setting method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a method for improving heat transfer characteristics of a heat absorbing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing heat dissipation layout of a heat absorbing plate bottom plate
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation layout of the heat absorbing plate on one side
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation layout of the heat absorbing plate on both sides;
  • FIG 8 is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation board box type heat dissipation layout. detailed description
  • phase change material ⁇ microencapsulated phase change material (MEPCM) refers to the phase change material (PCM) encapsulated in a dense and elastic polymer shell by microcapsule preparation technology, the particle size of MEPCM particles It is 1 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the MEPCM case is a novel material that separates the solid/liquid core material (PCM) from foreign matter and can withstand the volume change (expansion/contraction) caused by the phase change of the core material.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a design method of a lithium battery cell module and a battery pack cooling system.
  • the invention adopts a novel solid phase change material to realize the temperature control of the cell group and the battery pack.
  • the first is to select a phase change.
  • the material is set to the temperature point or temperature zone.
  • the method of setting the temperature point or temperature zone as shown in Figure 2, it is as follows:
  • Step S1 The battery model is selected according to the requirements of battery power and energy storage. Among them, after selecting the battery model according to the requirements of battery power and energy storage, a lot of practical work should be done to collect the heat generated by each battery under different working conditions and environmental conditions.
  • Step S2 Input the data into the electric heating digital mode to calculate the set temperature of the phase change material.
  • Step S3 Set the phase change temperature zone. Two to three types of micro-gelatinous phase change materials are mixed in a specific ratio to set a phase transition temperature zone, so that the phase change material absorbs heat relatively smoothly.
  • Step S4 Selecting the microcapsule phase change material and filling it into the trough adsorption bed of the heat absorbing plate.
  • the core material of the plastic phase change material is solid/liquid, and the solid/liquid phase change adsorbent is wrapped in the type of plastic capsule, so it is still micro-granular after the phase change and does not lose like a liquid. Since there are many types of micro-rubber phase change materials, when we calculate the set temperature of the phase change material according to the electric heating digital model, we can select the corresponding model from the manufacturer catalog and fill it into the grooved adsorption bed of the heat absorption plate. .
  • the setting of the temperature point and the temperature zone are not indispensable, and only one of them can be set as needed or both can be set.
  • the granular phase change material microcapsule-filled grooved adsorption bed has a slow heat transfer process and lengthens the cycle.
  • the present invention has taken the following measures in improving the heat and mass transfer of the adsorbent bed, as shown in Fig. 3:
  • the square-section empty groove can give the maximum heat exchange surface area.
  • the adsorption bed of rectangular section, circular section, etc. can be used according to the heat dissipation capacity, the load-bearing specification of the heat absorbing plate, and the difficulty of casting or processing the heat absorbing plate.
  • the proportion of aluminum powder or graphite added should also be set according to the operating conditions of the battery.
  • Step S1 After the microcapsule phase change material is selected, the total amount of the desired adsorbent mixture is calculated according to the heat dissipation capability.
  • Step S2 Deriving the total heat dissipation area required for the heat absorbing plate.
  • Step S3 According to the requirements of the heat dissipation area, select the layout of the heat absorbing plate, and select the heat dissipation of the bottom plate (Fig. 5), the heat dissipation of the single side plate (Fig. 6), the heat dissipation of the double side plate (Fig. 7), or the heat dissipation of the box (Fig. 8). ) and other layout methods are implemented. The description is of course not limited. First, determine the phase change set temperature to 23 degrees and select the DS5008 model powder material. Assume that the average heat dissipation requirement of the battery electric heating digital mode under normal operating conditions is 100 kJ, we can calculate the amount of DS5008 is 1 Jin.
  • phase change material heat absorbing plate When the phase change material heat absorbing plate is designed, it is necessary to integrate the phase change material heat absorbing plate with the function of the gas cooling system to perform a system-wide optimization design. In the whole system optimization design, the following implementation modes are adopted: 40-50% of the running time is designed as the heat dissipation condition of the phase change material heat absorbing plate, 30-40% of the running time is in the phase change material plus the natural wind heat sink In case, 10-20% of the running time is in the phase change material plus air conditioning cooling air cooling conditions.
  • the phase change material heat absorbing plate Since the phase change material heat absorbing plate has the characteristics of no heat dissipation, it is of course the main heat dissipation mode of the cooling system.
  • the phase change material in the adsorption bed When the temperature of the heat absorbing plate reaches or enters the set temperature zone, the phase change material in the adsorption bed will change from a solid state to a liquid state, and absorb a large amount of heat during the phase change process, so that no energy can be consumed. Keep the battery pack temperature within the set temperature.
  • the natural wind system can be activated to remove the heat through the rapid flow of the air and lower the temperature of the battery pack to the set temperature. the following. If natural wind cooling still does not meet the heat dissipation requirements, turn on the air conditioning system to reduce the cooling air temperature and take more heat.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module électrique central d'un accumulateur au lithium et un procédé de conception d'un système de refroidissement de boîtier d'accumulateur. Le procédé de conception du système de refroidissement de boîtier d'accumulateur proposé par l'invention consiste à utiliser de nouveaux matériaux à changement de phase et le refroidissement par air, qui sont combinés afin d'assurer la dissipation thermique du module électrique central. Le procédé comprend spécifiquement les étapes suivantes : choisir des matériaux à changement de phase et définir un point ou une plage de température ; placer des matériaux thermiquement conducteurs dans des adsorbants et remplacer une zone d'échange thermique d'une paroi métallique par un lit d'adsorbant ; définir la taille et le mode de configuration d'une plaque d'adsorbant ; intégrer la plaque d'adsorbant en matériau à changement de phase et d'autres systèmes de refroidissement. Le système évite d'utiliser un échangeur thermique, une pompe à eau et les conduites de circulation d'un système courant de refroidissement par liquide et présente également l'avantage de maintenir le groupe électrique à une température supérieure dans un environnement à faible température.
PCT/CN2011/077004 2011-04-14 2011-07-08 Module électrique central d'un accumulateur au lithium et procédé de conception d'un système de refroidissement de boîtier d'accumulateur WO2012139338A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201180071614.3A CN104247144A (zh) 2011-04-14 2011-07-08 一种锂电池电芯模块及电池包冷却系统的设计方法

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CN201110092857.7 2011-04-14
CN201110092857 2011-04-14

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013220171A1 (de) 2013-10-07 2015-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriezelle und Herstellungsverfahren für diese, sowie Batterie
US9742047B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2017-08-22 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Battery pack with phase change material
CN110050382A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2019-07-23 三洋电机株式会社 车辆用的电子设备用电池
CN110481349A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2019-11-22 陈志宏 一种车用蓄电池通风设备
CN111641005A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-08 苏州臻迪智能科技有限公司 一种电池包模组

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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KR102378425B1 (ko) * 2017-06-07 2022-03-24 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 배터리 팩
CN109742482B (zh) * 2019-01-08 2024-02-02 西南交通大学 一种有轨电车储能热管理系统和方法

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US7352578B2 (en) * 2005-09-12 2008-04-01 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Fuel cell system with inverter and phase change material
CN101267056A (zh) * 2008-05-09 2008-09-17 哈尔滨工业大学 一种航天动力锂离子电池的温度控制装置
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CN201781007U (zh) * 2010-05-31 2011-03-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种动力电池组以及车载动力电池系统

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WO2006014061A1 (fr) * 2004-08-06 2006-02-09 Lg Chem, Ltd. Système de batterie contenant un matériau de changement de phase contenant des capsules en configuration intérieure correspondante

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US5224356A (en) * 1991-09-30 1993-07-06 Triangle Research & Development Corp. Method of using thermal energy absorbing and conducting potting materials
CN1870347A (zh) * 2005-05-27 2006-11-29 比亚迪股份有限公司 具有温度调节功能的电池包
US7352578B2 (en) * 2005-09-12 2008-04-01 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Fuel cell system with inverter and phase change material
CN101267056A (zh) * 2008-05-09 2008-09-17 哈尔滨工业大学 一种航天动力锂离子电池的温度控制装置
CN101546843A (zh) * 2009-04-30 2009-09-30 广东工业大学 带有相变材料冷却系统的动力电池装置
CN201514965U (zh) * 2009-09-01 2010-06-23 北京思倍驰科技有限公司 一种使用相变材料的蓄电池柜
CN101832001A (zh) * 2010-04-02 2010-09-15 建研建材有限公司 自调温相变储能板
CN201781007U (zh) * 2010-05-31 2011-03-30 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种动力电池组以及车载动力电池系统

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013220171A1 (de) 2013-10-07 2015-04-09 Robert Bosch Gmbh Batteriezelle und Herstellungsverfahren für diese, sowie Batterie
US9742047B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2017-08-22 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Battery pack with phase change material
US10305155B2 (en) 2014-08-11 2019-05-28 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Battery pack with phase change material
CN110050382A (zh) * 2016-12-16 2019-07-23 三洋电机株式会社 车辆用的电子设备用电池
CN110481349A (zh) * 2019-09-04 2019-11-22 陈志宏 一种车用蓄电池通风设备
CN111641005A (zh) * 2020-07-21 2020-09-08 苏州臻迪智能科技有限公司 一种电池包模组
CN111641005B (zh) * 2020-07-21 2021-06-15 苏州臻迪智能科技有限公司 一种电池包模组

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