WO2012136006A1 - 多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法和装置 - Google Patents

多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012136006A1
WO2012136006A1 PCT/CN2011/072555 CN2011072555W WO2012136006A1 WO 2012136006 A1 WO2012136006 A1 WO 2012136006A1 CN 2011072555 W CN2011072555 W CN 2011072555W WO 2012136006 A1 WO2012136006 A1 WO 2012136006A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cpe
message
transition
transition technology
receiving
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2011/072555
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蒋胜
刘冰
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP11863133.2A priority Critical patent/EP2675117A4/en
Priority to CN201180000461.3A priority patent/CN102959906B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2011/072555 priority patent/WO2012136006A1/zh
Publication of WO2012136006A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012136006A1/zh
Priority to US14/043,055 priority patent/US20140032782A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74Address processing for routing
    • H04L45/741Routing in networks with a plurality of addressing schemes, e.g. with both IPv4 and IPv6
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/52Multiprotocol routers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L2101/00Indexing scheme associated with group H04L61/00
    • H04L2101/60Types of network addresses
    • H04L2101/686Types of network addresses using dual-stack hosts, e.g. in Internet protocol version 4 [IPv4]/Internet protocol version 6 [IPv6] networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/09Mapping addresses
    • H04L61/25Mapping addresses of the same type
    • H04L61/2503Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/2514Translation of Internet protocol [IP] addresses between local and global IP addresses
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L61/00Network arrangements, protocols or services for addressing or naming
    • H04L61/50Address allocation
    • H04L61/5007Internet protocol [IP] addresses
    • H04L61/5014Internet protocol [IP] addresses using dynamic host configuration protocol [DHCP] or bootstrap protocol [BOOTP]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a routing selection method and apparatus for a host in a multi-homed site.
  • IPv4 Internet Protocol
  • IPv6 sixth edition of the Internet Protocol
  • IPv4 broadband services Many operators currently have large networks to support existing IPv4 broadband services. In the initial stage of evolution to IPv6 networks, if all of these networks are required to support IPv6, the investment will be too large and may be brought about by network upgrades. Unpredictable problems. Therefore, a mechanism is needed to quickly provide IPv6 access in an existing IPv4 network. This mechanism can still be compatible with IPv6 networks after the network is fully evolved to IPv6 in the future. Currently, this mechanism has representative technologies. It is 6rd and DS-Lite technology.
  • the 6rd technology refers to: When the user data needs to reach the IPv6 network through the IPv4 network, if the user sends an IPv6 data packet, the IPv6 data packet initiates a tunnel on the user premises equipment (CPE) side of the user terminal.
  • the IPv6 data packet is encapsulated into an IPv6-in-IPv4 data packet, so that the IPv4 network can route the IPv6 data packet as a normal IP v4 data packet, and the encapsulated data packet arrives at the 6rd boundary route.
  • the Provider Edge PE decapsulates the IPv6 data packet and forwards it to the IPv6 network; if the user sends an IPv4 data packet, it still routes in the normal way without encapsulation.
  • DS-Lite technology refers to: When user data needs to reach an IPv4 network through an IPv6 network, such as If the user sends an IPv6 packet, it can be directly routed. If the user sends an IPv4 packet, the tunnel is initiated on the CPE side, and the IPv4 packet is encapsulated into an IPv4-in-IPv6 packet. The IPv6 network processes the IPv6 packet. The packet is routed to the PE, and the PE is decapsulated into an IPv4 packet and forwarded to the IPv4 network.
  • transition technologies such as 6rd and DS-Lite are transparent to the host, that is, the C PE is usually configured with parameters related to 6rd and DS-Lite, and the host does not need to pay attention to the uplink link.
  • Transition technologies such as 6rd or DS-Lite, for the host, know that its uplink can forward IPv6/IPv4 packets.
  • Multi-homing solution is used to avoid
  • the technology caused by the interruption of Internet access usually refers to the use of multiple Internet access links provided by different Internet Service Providers (ISPs), so that if a multi-homed site deployment mode allows the host to have For multiple upper-level link selections, the host data packet needs to be selected with a "next hop" at the egress.
  • ISPs Internet Service Providers
  • Rfc4861 (Neighbor Discovery) defines the default router selection method, that is, according to the reachable state of the router or the polling method.
  • the host is a dual-stack host with IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.
  • the router has two options: 6r d CPE and DS-Lite CPE.
  • the host has two next hop options regardless of whether the destination address is IPv4 or IPv6.
  • IPv6 packets are better for DS-Lite CPE because there is no need for encapsulation and decapsulation, and IPv4 packets are better for 6rd CPE.
  • rf c 4861 it is possible for the host to select any CPE, so that the optimal effect cannot be achieved. Summary of the invention
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method and a device for routing a host in a multi-homing site, so that the host can know the transition technology adopted by the upper-level link, so that a better CPE is selected for routing.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for routing a host in a multi-homing site, the method comprising: receiving transition technology information sent by a CPE; associating the transition technology information with an IP address of a CPE, and associating The information is recorded in the entry; routing is performed according to the associated information in the entry.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a routing device for a host in a multi-homing site, including: a receiving unit, configured to receive transition technical information sent by a CPE; and an information associating unit, configured to: The IP address of the CPE is associated, and the associated information is recorded in the entry; the routing unit is configured to perform routing according to the associated information in the entry.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for routing a host in a multi-homing site according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of another method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for routing a host in a multi-homing site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of another method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for selecting a host in a multi-homing site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a routing device of another host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. This embodiment is a description of the present invention from a host side, and the method includes: S101: Receiving a transition sent by a CPE Technical Information.
  • the transition technical information in the CPE may be pre-configured, or the CPE may receive some parameters in the network message sent by the DHCPv4 or the DHCPv6 server, and may be generated according to a certain rule.
  • the transition technology information may include: a tunnel mode adopted by the CPE's home network, such as IPv4-in-IPv6 or IPv6-in-IPv4; an address translation mode and a protocol conversion mode adopted by the CPE's home network, such as NAT44 ( IPv4 address translation, a typical application is the conversion between a private address and a public address. NAT64 (the conversion between IPv6 and IPv4 packets is a protocol conversion).
  • the tunnel mode is not included.
  • the CPE uses native IPv4/IPv6 access by default.
  • transition technology information of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to including the foregoing information, and may also include other more detailed transition information, such as a specific transition technical solution: 6rd, DS-Lite Wait.
  • S102 Associate the transition technology information with an IP address of the CPE, and record the association information in the entry.
  • the entry may be a routing entry or a separate entry, and the association information may be a mapping relationship between the IP address of the CPE and its corresponding transition technology information.
  • S103 Perform routing according to the associated information in the entry.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of another method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the method includes:
  • the host needs to send a transition technical information request message to the CPE in order to obtain the uplink transition information, so that in most transition scenarios, the user host is dual-stack, that is, With both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, you can communicate with both IPv4 and IPv6. Therefore, in this embodiment, the host can also send a transition technical information request message to the CPE in a plurality of different manners.
  • the host may request transition technical information through some existing request configuration messages, such as a fourth version of the dynamic host setup protocol request (DHCPv4 Solicit) message, or a sixth version of the dynamic host setup protocol request (DHCPv6).
  • DHCPv4 Solicit a fourth version of the dynamic host setup protocol request
  • DHCPv6 a sixth version of the dynamic host setup protocol request
  • Sol icit a Message, or Router Solicit message, etc.
  • the DHCPv4 Solicit message is used in the scenario where the CPE sends the transitional technical information through the IPv4 protocol
  • the DHCPv6 Sol icit message and the Route Solicit message are used in the scenario where the CPE sends the transition technology information through the IPv6 protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the manner in which the host sends the transition technical information request message, and may even send a special transition technology information request message through the newly defined standard. Rather than sending a transitional technology information request message through an existing request configuration message as described above.
  • S202 Receive transition technical information returned by the CPE.
  • the transition technical information in the CPE may be pre-configured, or the CPE may receive some parameters in the network message sent by the DHCPv4 or the DHCPv6 server, and may be generated according to a certain rule.
  • the transition technology information may include: a tunnel mode adopted by the CPE's home network, such as IPv4-in-IPv6 or IPv6-in-IPv4; an address translation mode and a protocol conversion mode adopted by the CPE's home network, such as NAT44 ( IPv4 address translation, a typical application is the conversion between a private address and a public address. NAT64 (the conversion between IPv6 and IPv4 packets is a protocol conversion).
  • the tunnel mode is not included.
  • the CPE uses native IPv4/IPv6 access by default.
  • transitional technical information of the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to including the foregoing information, and may also include other more detailed transition information, such as a specific transition technical solution: 6rd, DS-Lite, and the like.
  • S203 Associate the transition technology information with an Internet Protocol IP address of the CPE, and record the association information in the entry.
  • S204 Perform routing according to the associated information in the entry.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the DHCPv4 sends the transition technology information to the host, where the method includes the following steps. :
  • S301 The host sends a DHCPv4 Solicit message to the CPE.
  • the DHCPv4 Solicit message is mainly used to assign an IP address to a host, the present invention In an embodiment, it may also serve as a request message for obtaining the transition technology information at the same time as the host.
  • the CPE After receiving the DHCPv4 Solicit message, the CPE forwards the message to the Broadband Remote Access Server (BRAS) in the form of a relay (RELAY-F0RW) message. In this process, the CPE acts as a DHCPv4 relay. Message forwarding by the role of the agent.
  • BRAS Broadband Remote Access Server
  • RELAY-F0RW relay
  • the BRAS After receiving the RELAY-F0RW message, the BRAS also acts as a DHCPv4 relay agent to forward the RELAY-F0RW message to the DHCPv4 server.
  • the DHCPv4 server After receiving the RELAY-F0RW message of the BRAS, the DHCPv4 server sends a relay response (RELAY-REPL) message to the BRAS.
  • RELAY-REPL relay response
  • S305 The BRAS forwards the RELAY-REPL message to the CPE.
  • the CPE After receiving the RELAY-REPL message forwarded by the BRAS, the CPE adds the transition technical information to the host in the fourth version of the dynamic host setting protocol notification (DHCPv4 Advertise) message.
  • the CPE can add the foregoing transition technology information, for example, in the OPTION_Transitio ninfo field of the DHCPv4 Advertise message.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the transition technology information is sent to the host through the DHCPv6, and the method includes the following steps. :
  • S401 The host sends a DHCPv6 Solicit message to the CPE.
  • the CPE After receiving the DHCPv6 Solicit message, the CPE forwards the message to the broadband remote access server (BRAS) in the form of a RELAY-F0RW message.
  • BRAS broadband remote access server
  • the CPE is a message forwarding performed as a DHCPv6 relay agent.
  • the BRAS After receiving the RELAY-FORW message, the BRAS also acts as a DHCPv6 relay agent to forward the RELAY-FORW message to the DHCPv6 server.
  • the DHCPv6 server After receiving the RELAY-FORW message of the BRAS, the DHCPv6 server sends a relay response (RELAY-REPL) message to the BRAS.
  • RELAY-REPL relay response
  • the message sent by the DHCPv6 server itself carries some transition information.
  • S405 The BRAS forwards the RELAY-REPL message to the CPE.
  • the CPE After receiving the RELAY-REPL message forwarded by the BRAS, the CPE adds the transition technical information to the host in the sixth version of the dynamic host setting protocol notification (DHCPv6 Advertise) message.
  • the CPE can add the foregoing transition technical information, for example, in the OPTION_Transitio ninfo field of the DHCPv6 Advertise message.
  • the transition technical information herein may be pre-configured in the CPE.
  • the CPE may also extract the transition information, and then perform certain processing. Get the required transitional technical information.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a Neighbor Discovery is used to deliver transition technical information to a host. The method includes the following steps:
  • S401 The host sends a Router Solicit message to the CPE.
  • S402 After receiving the Router Solicit message, the CPE adds the transition technology information to the router in the Router Advertise message and sends the information to the host.
  • the "sending of the Router Sol icit message to the CPE" is not a prerequisite for the CPE to deliver the transitional technical information.
  • the CPE can also deliver the message without receiving the Router Soli cit message. Transfer technical information to the host.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a routing device of a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the device includes: a receiving unit 601, an information associating unit 602, and a routing unit 603, where:
  • the receiving unit 601 is configured to receive transition technical information sent by the CPE.
  • the transition technical information in the CPE may be pre-configured, or the CPE may receive some parameters of the DHCPv4 or DHCPv6 server according to a certain rule.
  • the transition technology information may include: a tunnel mode adopted by the home network of the CPE, an address translation mode and a protocol conversion mode adopted by the home network of the CPE, and, if the transition technology is not adopted, the tunnel mode and the address translation are not included.
  • the CPE uses native IPv4/IPv6 access by default.
  • the information association unit 602 is configured to associate the transition technology information with an IP address of the CPE, and record the association information in the entry.
  • the entry may be a routing entry or a separate entry, and the association information may be a mapping relationship between the IP address of the CPE and its corresponding transition technology information.
  • the routing unit 603 is configured to perform routing according to the association information in the entry.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for routing a host in a multi-homed site according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the apparatus includes: a receiving unit 701, an information associating unit 702, a routing unit 703, and a sending unit 704, where :
  • the sending unit 704 is configured to send a transition technology information request message to the user premises equipment CPE.
  • the device may request transition technical information, such as a DHCPv4 Solicit message, or a DHCPv6 Solicit message, or a Router Sol icit message, by using some existing request configuration messages.
  • the DHCPv4 Solicit message is used in the scenario where the CPE sends the transitional technical information through the IPv4 protocol.
  • the DHCPv6 Solicit message and the Router Solicit message are used in the scenario where the CPE sends the transitional technical information through the IPv6 protocol.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the manner in which the host sends the transition technical information request message, and may even send a special transition technology information request message through the newly defined standard, instead of passing the existing request as described above.
  • the configuration message is sent to send a transitional technical information request message.
  • the receiving unit 701 is configured to receive transition technical information sent by the CPE.
  • the transition technical information in the CPE may be pre-configured, or the CPE may receive some parameters of the DHCPv4 or DHCPv6 server according to a certain rule.
  • the transition technology information may include: a tunnel mode adopted by the home network of the CPE, an address translation mode and a protocol conversion mode adopted by the home network of the CPE, and, if the transition technology is not adopted, the tunnel mode and the address translation are not included.
  • the CPE uses native IPv4/IPv6 access by default.
  • the receiving unit 701 may include three receiving modules: The receiving module, the second receiving module and the third receiving module are divided into logical functions according to different types of request messages sent by the sending unit. When actually implemented, a receiving unit can be implemented.
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive a DH CPv4 Advertise message sent by the CPE according to the RELAY-REPL message of the DHCPv4 server, where the DHCPv4 Advertise message includes the Transitional technical information.
  • the transition technology request message sent by the sending unit is a DHCPv4 Solicit message
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive a DH CPv4 Advertise message sent by the CPE according to the RELAY-REPL message of the DHCPv4 server, where the DHCPv4 Advertise message includes the Transitional technical information.
  • the second receiving module is configured to receive a DH CPv6 Advertise message sent by the CPE according to the RELAY-REPL message of the DHCPv6 server, where the DHCPv6 Advertise message includes the Transitional technical information.
  • the transition technology request message sent by the sending unit is a DHCPv6 Solicit message
  • the second receiving module is configured to receive a DH CPv6 Advertise message sent by the CPE according to the RELAY-REPL message of the DHCPv6 server, where the DHCPv6 Advertise message includes the Transitional technical information.
  • the third receiving module is configured to receive a Router Advertise message returned by the CPE, where the Router Advert ise message includes the transition technology information.
  • the CPE can return transition technology information even if the sending unit does not send a Router Solicit message.
  • the information associating unit 702 is configured to associate the transition technology information with an IP address of the CPE, and record the associated information in the entry.
  • the routing unit 703 is configured to perform routing according to the associated information in the entry.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing.
  • the appropriate CPE guarantees the best route to choose.
  • the transition technology information is associated with the IP address of the CPE, that is, the CPE and its corresponding transition technology are corresponding, so that the host can clearly know the transition technology adopted by the home network of the CPE, so that the route can be selected when routing. Proper CPE, which in turn guarantees the best way to choose By.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).

Abstract

本发明实施例提供一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法和装置,方法包括:接收用户驻地设备CPE发送的过渡技术信息(S101);将所述过渡技术信息和CPE的因特网协议IP地址相关联,并将关联信息记录在表项中(S102);根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择(S103)。在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和CPE的IP地址相关联即将CPE和其相应的过渡技术相对应,使得主机可以清楚知道该CPE的归属网络所采用的过渡技术,从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的CPE,进而可以保证选择到最佳的路由。

Description

多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域, 尤其是涉及一种多归属站点内主机的路由选 择方法和装置。
背景技术
目前, 由于第四版互联网协议(IPv4 )公网地址将在 2012年被分配完, 因此许多运营商在考虑把网络以及用户切换到第六版互联网协议 (IPv6 ) , 以解决 IPv4地址耗尽之后的业务发展问题。
许多运营商目前已有庞大的网络来支撑现有的 IPv4宽带业务, 在向 IPv 6 网络演进初期, 如果把要求这些网络全部支持 IPv6, 会导致投资过大, 并 且有可能因为网络升级而带来不可预知的问题。 因此需要一种机制, 能在现 有 IPv4网络中快速提供 IPv6接入的方法, 这种机制在将来网络全面演进到 IPv6之后, 仍能兼容 IPv6网络情况, 目前这种机制中具有代表性技术的就是 6rd与 DS-Lite技术。
6rd技术是指: 当用户数据需要通过 IPv4网络到达 IPv6网络时, 如果用 户发出的是 IPv6数据包, 则该 IPv6数据包在用户端的用户驻地设备(Cl ien t premises Equipment, CPE) 侧发起隧道, 该 IPv6数据包会被封装成 IPv6 -in-IPv4的数据包, 从而使得 IPv4网络可以将该 IPv6数据包当作普通的 IP v4数据包进行路由, 当封装后的数据包到达 6rd的边界路由处时, 边界路由 器 (Provider Edge, PE) 会将 IPv6数据包解封装出来, 转发给 IPv6网络; 如果用户发出的是 IPv4数据包, 则仍然按照普通的方式进行路由而不用进行 封装。
DS-Lite技术是指: 当用户数据需要通过 IPv6网络到达 IPv4网络时, 如 果用户发出的是 IPv6数据包, 可以直接路由; 如果用户发出的是 IPv4数据 包, 则在 CPE侧发起隧道, 将该 IPv4数据包封装成 IPv4-in-IPv6的数据包, IPv6网络按照处理 IPv6数据包的方式路由至 PE, PE解封装成 IPv4数据包, 转发给 IPv4网络。
但是, 上述 6rd与 DS-Lite等过渡技术, 其对于主机而言是透明的, 即 C PE通常被配置和 6rd、 DS-Lite相关的参数, 而主机则不必理会其上行的链路 采用的是 6rd或 DS-Lite等过渡技术, 对于主机而言, 知道其上行链路可以 转发 IPv6/IPv4数据包即可。
基于上述原因, 上述过渡技术应用到多归属 (Multihoming) 站点内就会 产生一定的缺陷, 为了方便理解该缺陷, 下面对多归属站点进行简单描述: 多归属的解决方案是一种用来避免 Internet接入中断所造成损失的技术, 通 常是指使用不同互联网服务提供商 (Internet Service Provider, ISP) 提 供的多条 Internet接入链路, 这样, 如果一个多归属站点的部署模式可以让 主机有多个上级链路选择, 则主机数据包在出口时需要进行 "下一跳"选择, Rfc4861 (Neighbor Discovery)定义了默认的路由器选择方法, 即根据路由器 可达状态或轮询的办法进行选择, 但是如果上级链路都采用了过渡技术, 而 主机无法感知过渡场景的隧道模式 (IPv4-in-IPv6或 IPv6_in-IPv4) , 仅靠 rfc4861的路由选择方法, 是不能保证选到最佳的下一跳的。
比如, 主机是双栈主机, 拥有 IPv4和 IPv6地址, 其路由器的选择有 6r d CPE与 DS-Lite CPE两个, 则不论目的地址是 IPv4还是 IPv6, 主机均有两 个下一跳选择。 但是很明显, IPv6的数据包走 DS-Lite CPE要更优一些, 因 为不用封装和解封装, 而 IPv4的数据包走 6rd CPE要更优一些。 而按照 rf c 4861 的默认路由选择方法, 主机有可能选中任一个 CPE, 从而无法达到最优 效果。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法和装置, 用于 使主机可以知道上级链路所采用的过渡技术, 从而选中更优的 CPE进行路由。
一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法, 该方法包括: 接收 CPE发送的过渡技术信息; 将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的 I P地址相关联, 并将关联信息记录在表项中; 根据所述表项中的关联信息来进 行路由选择。
另一方面, 本发明实施例提供了一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择装置, 包括: 接收单元, 用于接收 CPE发送的过渡技术信息; 信息关联单元, 用于 将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联, 并将关联信息记录在表项中; 路由选择单元, 用于根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例中所需要 使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的 一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提 下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1 为本发明实施例提供的一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法流程 示意图;
图 2 为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法流 程示意图;
图 3 为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法流 程示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法流 程示意图;
图 5 为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法流 程示意图;
图 6 为本发明实施例提供的一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择装置结构 示意图;
图 7 为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择装置结 构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行介绍。
如图 1 所示为本发明实施例提供的一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方 法流程示意图, 本实施例是从主机侧对本发明所作的描述, 该方法包括: S101 : 接收 CPE发送的过渡技术信息。
在本发明实施例中, CPE内的过渡技术信息可以是预先配置进去的, 也可 以是 CPE接收 DHCPv4或者 DHCPv6服务器下发的网络消息中的一些参数, 根 据某种规则生成的。 该过渡技术信息可以包括: 该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的 隧道模式, 比如 IPv4-in-IPv6或 IPv6-in-IPv4; 该 CPE的归属网络所采用的 地址转换模式及协议转换模式, 比如 NAT44 ( IPv4地址转换, 典型的应用是 私有地址与公有地址之间的转换) , NAT64 ( IPv6和 IPv4报文之间的转换, 属于协议转换) ; 另外, 如果未采用过渡技术, 即不包含隧道模式、 地址转 换及协议转换模式等信息时, 则默认该 CPE采用原生的 IPv4/IPv6接入。
当然, 本发明实施例的过渡技术信息中并不限于包括上述信息, 也还可 以包括其它更为详细的过渡信息, 比如具体的过渡技术方案: 6rd、 DS-Lite 等。
S102: 将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联, 并将关联信息记录 在表项中。 这里的表项可以是路由表项, 也可以是一个独立的表项, 而关联 信息可以是 CPE的 IP地址和其对应的过渡技术信息的映射关系。
S103: 根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 2所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择 方法流程示意图, 该方法包括:
S201 : 发送过渡技术信息请求消息给用户驻地设备 CPE。
在本实施例中主机为了获取上行链路的过渡信息从而更优的进行路由, 需要发送过渡技术信息请求消息给 CPE, 目前在绝大多数的过渡场景中, 用户 主机都是双栈的, 即同时具备 IPv4和 IPv6地址, 可以同时用 IPv4和 IPv6 进行通信。 因此, 在本实施例中主机也可以通过多种不同的方式来向 CPE发 送过渡技术信息请求消息。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 主机可以通过现有的一些请求配置消息来请 求过渡技术信息, 比如第四版动态主机设置协议请求 (DHCPv4 Solicit ) 消 息, 或者第六版动态主机设置协议请求 (DHCPv6 Sol icit ) 消息, 或者路由 请求 (Router Solicit ) 消息等。 其中 DHCPv4 Solicit消息是应用于当 CPE 通过 IPv4协议下发过渡技术信息的场景中, 而 DHCPv6 Sol icit消息和 Rout er Solicit消息是应用于当 CPE通过 IPv6协议下发过渡技术信息的场景中。 当然, 本发明实施例对于主机通过何种方式下发过渡技术信息请求消息并不 加以限定, 甚至可以是通过新定义标准来发送专门的过渡技术信息请求消息, 而不是如上述通过现有的请求配置消息来发送过渡技术信息请求消息。
S202: 接收所述 CPE返回的过渡技术信息。
在本发明实施例中, CPE内的过渡技术信息可以是预先配置进去的, 也可 以是 CPE接收 DHCPv4或者 DHCPv6服务器下发的网络消息中的一些参数, 根 据某种规则生成的。 该过渡技术信息可以包括: 该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的 隧道模式, 比如 IPv4-in-IPv6或 IPv6-in-IPv4; 该 CPE的归属网络所采用的 地址转换模式及协议转换模式, 比如 NAT44 ( IPv4地址转换, 典型的应用是 私有地址与公有地址之间的转换) , NAT64 ( IPv6和 IPv4报文之间的转换, 属于协议转换) ; 另外, 如果未采用过渡技术, 即不包含隧道模式、 地址转 换及协议转换模式等信息时, 则默认该 CPE采用原生的 IPv4/IPv6接入。
当然, 本发明实施例的过渡技术信息中并不限于包括上述信息, 也还可 以包括其它更为详细的过渡信息, 比如具体的过渡技术方案: 6rd、 DS-Lite 等。
S203: 将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的因特网协议 IP地址相关联, 并将关 联信息记录在表项中。
S204: 根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 3所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择 方法流程示意图, 在本实施例中是通过 DHCPv4来向主机下发过渡技术信息, 该方法包括如下歩骤:
S301 : 主机发送 DHCPv4 Solicit消息给 CPE。
虽然 DHCPv4 Solicit消息是主要用于为主机分配 IP地址的, 但本发明 实施例中其也可以同时作为主机请求获取过渡技术信息的一种请求消息。
S302: CPE在收到 DHCPv4 Solicit消息后, 以中继转发 (RELAY- F0RW) 消息的形式转发给宽带远程接入服务器(Broadband Remote Access Server, BRAS) , 在这个过程中, CPE是作为 DHCPv4中继代理的角色进行的消息转发。
S303: BRAS在收到 RELAY-F0RW消息后, 也作为 DHCPv4中继代理的角色 以转发该 RELAY-F0RW消息给 DHCPv4服务器。
S304: DHCPv4服务器在收到 BRAS的 RELAY-F0RW消息后, 下发中继响应 ( RELAY-REPL ) 消息给 BRAS。
S305: BRAS转发该 RELAY-REPL消息给 CPE。
S306: CPE在收到 BRAS转发的 RELAY-REPL消息后, 在第四版动态主机设 置协议通知 (DHCPv4 Advertise ) 消息内加入过渡技术信息, 并下发给主机。 在本实施例中, CPE比如可以在 DHCPv4 Advertise消息的 OPTION— Transitio ninfo字段内加入上述过渡技术信息。
S307: 主机在收到加入了过渡技术信息的 DHCPv4 Advertise消息后, 即 将该 CPE的 IP地址和过渡技术信息相关联来进行后续的路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 4所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择 方法流程示意图, 在本实施例中是通过 DHCPv6来向主机下发过渡技术信息, 该方法包括如下歩骤:
S401 : 主机发送 DHCPv6 Solicit消息给 CPE。
S402: CPE在收到 DHCPv6 Solicit消息后, 以 RELAY-F0RW消息的形式转 发给宽带远程接入服务器 (Broadband Remote Access Server, BRAS ) , 在 这个过程中, CPE是作为 DHCPv6中继代理的角色进行的消息转发。
S403: BRAS在收到 RELAY-FORW消息后, 也作为 DHCPv6中继代理的角色 以转发该 RELAY-FORW消息给 DHCPv6服务器。
S404: DHCPv6服务器在收到 BRAS的 RELAY-FORW消息后, 下发中继响应 ( RELAY-REPL ) 消息给 BRAS。
需要指出的是, 当采用 6rd、 DS-Lite这样标准化的过度技术时, DHCPv6 服务器下发的消息中本身就会携带一些过渡信息。
S405: BRAS转发该 RELAY-REPL消息给 CPE。
S406: CPE在收到 BRAS转发的 RELAY-REPL消息后, 在第六版动态主机设 置协议通知 (DHCPv6 Advertise ) 消息内加入过渡技术信息, 并下发给主机。 在本实施例中, CPE比如可以在 DHCPv6 Advertise消息的 OPTION— Transitio ninfo字段内加入上述过渡技术信息。需要指出的是, 这里的过渡技术信息可 以是 CPE内预配置的, 当歩骤 S404中下发的消息中本身携带有一些过渡信息 时, CPE也可以提取这些过渡信息, 然后进行一定的处理来得到所需的过渡技 术信息。
S407: 主机在收到加入了过渡技术信息的 DHCPv6 Advertise消息后, 即 将该 CPE的 IP地址和过渡技术信息相关联来进行后续的路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 5所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择 方法流程示意图, 在本实施例中是通过邻居发现 (Neighbor Discovery, ND) 向主机下发过渡技术信息, 该方法包括如下歩骤:
S401 : 主机发送路由请求 (Router Solicit ) 消息给 CPE。 S402: CPE在收到 Router Solicit消息后, 在路由通知 (Router Adver tise) 消息内加入过渡技术信息, 并下发给主机。
需要指出的是, 在本实施例中, "主机发送 Router Sol icit消息给 CPE" 并不是 CPE下发过渡技术信息的必要前提, CPE也可以在未收到 Router Soli cit消息的前提下自行下发过渡技术信息给主机。
S403: 主机在收到加入了过渡技术信息的 Router Advertise消息后, 即 将该 CPE的 IP地址和过渡技术信息相关联来进行后续的路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 6所示为本发明实施例提供的一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择装 置结构示意图, 该装置包括: 接收单元 601、 信息关联单元 602和路由选择单 元 603, 其中:
接收单元 601用于接收 CPE发送的过渡技术信息。
在本发明实施例中, CPE内的过渡技术信息可以是预先配置进去的, 也可 以是 CPE接收 DHCPv4或者 DHCPv6服务器的一些参数, 根据某种规则生成的。 该过渡技术信息可以包括: 该 CPE的归属网络所采用的隧道模式, 该 CPE的 归属网络所采用的地址转换模式及协议转换模式, 另外, 如果未采用过渡技 术, 即不包含隧道模式、 地址转换及协议转换模式等信息时, 则默认该 CPE 采用原生的 IPv4/IPv6接入。
信息关联单元 602用于将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联, 并 将关联信息记录在表项中。 这里的表项可以是路由表项, 也可以是一个独立 的表项, 而关联信息可以是 CPE的 IP地址和其对应的过渡技术信息的映射关 系。 路由选择单元 603用于根据表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。 如图 7所示为本发明实施例提供的另一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择 装置结构示意图, 该装置包括: 接收单元 701、 信息关联单元 702、 路由选择 单元 703和发送单元 704, 其中:
发送单元 704用于发送过渡技术信息请求消息给用户驻地设备 CPE。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 该装置可以通过现有的一些请求配置消息来 请求过渡技术信息, 比如 DHCPv4 Solicit消息, 或者 DHCPv6 Solicit消息, 或者 Router Sol icit消息等。 其中 DHCPv4 Solicit消息是应用于当 CPE通 过 IPv4协议下发过渡技术信息的场景中,耳 DHCPv6 Solicit消息和 Router Solicit消息是应用于当 CPE通过 IPv6协议下发过渡技术信息的场景中。
当然, 本发明实施例对于主机通过何种方式下发过渡技术信息请求消息 并不加以限定, 甚至可以是通过新定义标准来发送专门的过渡技术信息请求 消息, 而不是如上述通过现有的请求配置消息来发送过渡技术信息请求消息。
接收单元 701用于接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息。
在本发明实施例中, CPE内的过渡技术信息可以是预先配置进去的, 也可 以是 CPE接收 DHCPv4或者 DHCPv6服务器的一些参数, 根据某种规则生成的。 该过渡技术信息可以包括: 该 CPE的归属网络所采用的隧道模式, 该 CPE的 归属网络所采用的地址转换模式及协议转换模式, 另外, 如果未采用过渡技 术, 即不包含隧道模式、 地址转换及协议转换模式等信息时, 则默认该 CPE 采用原生的 IPv4/IPv6接入。
作为本发明的一个实施例, 接收单元 701 可以包括三个接收模块: 第一 接收模块、 第二接收模块和第三接收模块, 该三个接收模块是根据发送单元 所发送的请求消息的类型不同而作的逻辑功能划分, 实际实现的时候, 一个 接收单元即可以实现。
当发送单元发送的过渡技术请求消息为 DHCPv4 Solicit消息时, 第一接 收模块用于接收所述 CPE根据 DHCPv4服务器的 RELAY-REPL消息而下发的 DH CPv4 Advertise消息, 该 DHCPv4 Advertise消息内包括所述过渡技术信息。 具体的整个过程的信息交互可以参见图 3对应实施例的描述, 在此不再赘述。
当发送单元发送的过渡技术请求消息为 DHCPv6 Solicit消息时, 第二接 收模块用于接收所述 CPE根据 DHCPv6服务器的 RELAY-REPL消息而下发的 DH CPv6 Advertise消息, 该 DHCPv6 Advertise消息内包括所述过渡技术信息。 具体的整个过程的信息交互可以参见图 4对应实施例的描述, 在此不再赘述。
当发送单元发送的过渡技术请求消息为 Router Solicit消息时, 第三接 收模块用于接收所述 CPE返回的 Router Advertise消息, 该 Router Advert ise消息内包括所述过渡技术信息。但是需要指出的是, 即使发送单元未发送 Router Solicit 消息, CPE也可以返回过渡技术信息。 具体的整个过程的信 息交互可以参见图 5对应实施例的描述, 在此不再赘述。
信息关联单元 702用于将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联, 并 将关联信息记录在表项中。
路由选择单元 703用于根据表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。
在本实施例中将过渡技术信息和 CPE的 IP地址相关联即将 CPE和其相应 的过渡技术相对应, 使得主机可以清楚知道该 CPE 的归属网络所采用的过渡 技术, 从而在进行路由时可以选择适当的 CPE, 进而可以保证选择到最佳的路 由。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流 程, 可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成, 所述的程序可存储于一 计算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 可包括如上述各方法的实施例 的流程。 其中, 所述的存储介质可为磁碟、 光盘、 只读存储记忆体 (Read-On ly Memory , ROM) 或随机存储记忆体 ( Random Access Memory, RAM) 等。
以上所述的具体实施例, 对本发明的目的、 技术方案和有益效果进行了 进一歩详细说明, 所应理解的是, 以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已, 并不用于限定本发明的保护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内, 所做的任 何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括: 接收用户驻地设备 CPE发送的过渡技术信息;
将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的因特网协议 IP地址相关联,并将关联信息记 录在表项中;
根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
2、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡 技术信息之前还包括: 发送过渡技术信息请求消息给 CPE。
3、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡 技术信息包括:
接收所述 CPE内预配置的过渡技术信息,或者接收所述 CPE根据接收的网 络消息所生成的过渡技术信息。
4、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述过渡技术信息请求消息 包括第四版动态主机设置协议请求 DHCPv4 Solicit消息或者第六版动态主机 设置协议请求 DHCPv6 Solicit消息或者路由请求 Router Solicit消息。
5、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 DHCPv4 Solicit消息时, 所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息之前还包 括:
所述 CPE通过宽带远程接入服务器 BRAS将 DHCPv4 Solicit消息转发给 DHCPv4服务器, 并通过 BRAS接收 DHCPv4服务器下发的中继响应 RELAY-REPL消息;
所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息包括:
接收所述 CPE根据所述 RELAY-REPL消息下发的第四版动态主机设置协 议通知 DHCPv4 Advertise消息,所述 DHCPv4 Advertise消息内包括所述过渡技 术信息。
6、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 DHCPv6 Solicit消息时, 所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息之前还包 括:
所述 CPE通过宽带远程接入服务器 BRAS将 DHCPv6 Solicit消息转发给 DHCPv6服务器, 并通过 BRAS接收 DHCPv6服务器下发的响应 RELAY-REPL 消息;
所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息包括:
接收所述 CPE根据所述 RELAY-REPL消息下发的第四版动态主机设置协 议通知 DHCPv6 Advertise消息,所述 DHCPv6 Advertise消息内包括所述过渡技 术信息。
7、 如权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 Router Solicit消息时, 所述接收所述 CPE发送的过渡技术信息包括: 接收 所述 CPE返回的路由通知 Router Advertise消息, 所述 Router Advertise消息内包 括所述过渡技术信息。
8、 一种多归属站点内主机的路由选择装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 接收单元, 用于接收 CPE发送的过渡技术信息;
信息关联单元,用于将所述过渡技术信息和 CPE的因特网协议 IP地址相关 联, 并将关联信息记录在表项中;
路由选择单元, 用于根据所述表项中的关联信息来进行路由选择。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 还包括:
发送单元, 用于发送过渡技术信息请求消息给 CPE。
10、 如权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述接收单元具体用于接收 所述 CPE内预配置的过渡技术信息, 或者接收所述 CPE根据参数、配置所生成 的过渡技术信息。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 DHCPv4 Solicit消息时, 所述接收单元包括: 第一接收模块,用于接收所述 CPE根据 DHCPv4服务器的 RELAY-REPL消 息而下发的 DHCPv4 Advertise消息,所述 DHCPv4 Advertise消息内包括所述过 渡技术信息。
12、 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 DHCPv6 Solicit消息时, 所述接收单元包括:
第二接收模块,用于接收所述 CPE根据 DHCPv6服务器的 RELAY-REPL消 息而下发的 DHCPv6 Advertise消息,所述 DHCPv6 Advertise消息内包括所述过 渡技术信息。
13、 如权利要求 9所述的装置, 其特征在于, 当所述过渡技术信息请求消 息为 Router Solicit消息时, 所述接收单元包括:
第三接收模块, 用于接收所述 CPE发送的 Router Advertise消息, 所述 Router Advertise消息内包括所述过渡技术信息。
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