WO2012131227A1 - Device for locking blades in a groove of a turbomachine disc - Google Patents

Device for locking blades in a groove of a turbomachine disc Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012131227A1
WO2012131227A1 PCT/FR2012/050583 FR2012050583W WO2012131227A1 WO 2012131227 A1 WO2012131227 A1 WO 2012131227A1 FR 2012050583 W FR2012050583 W FR 2012050583W WO 2012131227 A1 WO2012131227 A1 WO 2012131227A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
lock body
screw head
locking device
brake pad
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2012/050583
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2012131227A9 (en
Inventor
Damien Cordier
François Jean Comin
Original Assignee
Snecma
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR1152331A external-priority patent/FR2973068B1/en
Priority claimed from FR1152328A external-priority patent/FR2973066B1/en
Priority claimed from FR1152329A external-priority patent/FR2973067B1/en
Application filed by Snecma filed Critical Snecma
Publication of WO2012131227A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012131227A1/en
Publication of WO2012131227A9 publication Critical patent/WO2012131227A9/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3023—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses
    • F01D5/303—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses in a circumferential slot
    • F01D5/3038—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of radial insertion type, e.g. in individual recesses in a circumferential slot the slot having inwardly directed abutment faces on both sides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30—Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/32—Locking, e.g. by final locking blades or keys
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2260/00—Function
    • F05D2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk.
  • the turbomachine disks generally comprise a groove provided with a loading window in which the vanes are inserted one after the other. Once all the blades are inserted into the groove except the last, a first locking device is inserted into the groove, the last blade is then inserted, and a second locking device is inserted into the groove.
  • the blades are then placed in the desired tangential position, then the locking devices are tightened so as to block the blades in this selected tangential position.
  • This locking device comprises a lock body and a screw.
  • the screw comprises a barrel, a screw head intended to house in an annular space defined by the underside of the blade roots and the bottom of the groove, and means adapted to cooperate with a wrench.
  • the diameter of the screw head is greater than the distance separating the two adjacent blade roots so that the upper part of the screw head can bear against the underside of these two blade roots, in order to limit the moving the screw head.
  • the lock body comprises a base pierced by a tapping equipped with a thread intended to cooperate with the screw thread of the screw. When the screw head is close to the lock body, the locking device can move in the groove.
  • the screw When it is desired to block the blades in a chosen position, the screw is screwed into the lock body so as to move the screw head away from the lock body, so that the screw head bears against the bottom of the groove, while the base of the lock body bears against the upper edges of the groove.
  • the locking device comprises a brake pad disposed between the screw head and the lock body.
  • This brake pad has two tabs which bear radially against the sections of the screw head, so as to slow the rotation of the screw head relative to the brake pad.
  • this brake pad is immobilized radially with respect to the lock body, thanks to two other radial tongues which cooperate with two grooves formed in the lock body.
  • this brake pad prevents the screw from rotating relative to the lock body, and therefore it unscrews.
  • the invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a locking device in which the risk of loosening the screw are minimized in the long term.
  • a blade blocking device in a groove of a turbomachine disk comprising:
  • a screw extending along a reference axis, the screw comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising a screw head; - A bolt body pierced by a thread provided with a thread complementary to the thread of the screw;
  • a brake pad comprising at least two braking tongues bearing radially against the screw head, the braking tongues and the screw head being arranged to brake the rotation of the screw at least in one direction relative to the brake pad, the brake pad being secured to the lock body.
  • axial designates a direction parallel to the reference axis
  • radial designates a direction perpendicular to the reference axis
  • the locking device according to the invention may also have one or more of the features described below, taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
  • the brake pad is formed by a plate which matches the lock body, which limits the forces exerted on the brake pad;
  • the two braking tongues are diametrically opposite with respect to the screw head, which makes it possible to optimize braking of the screw head by the tongues;
  • the brake pad has at least one attachment window, the lock body having at least one projecting portion, the projecting portion being inserted into the attachment window;
  • the brake pad has two latching windows, the lock body having two projecting parts, each projecting portion being inserted into one of the attachment windows;
  • the plate is pierced with a hole through which the screw passes;
  • the screw head has an outer surface formed of sections separated by discontinuities, each braking tongue being in radial abutment against one of the sections of the screw head.
  • the tabs For the screw to rotate, the tabs must cross the discontinuities that separate the sides and are difficult to pass through the brake tabs. Discontinuities therefore form obstacles for the braking tongues. Therefore, for the screw to rotate, it is necessary that the brake tabs are elastically deformed to cross the discontinuities, which limits the rotation of the screw.
  • the screw head has radial dimensions at different discontinuities radial dimensions of the screw head at the sides so that the discontinuities are difficult to pass for the brake tabs.
  • the screw head preferably has radial dimensions at the discontinuities greater than the radial dimensions of the screw head at the flanges; the sections of the screw head are separated by ridges; the screw head has a polygonal section; - the sections and discontinuities of the screw head form a non-return system which can only be traversed in one direction by the brake tabs;
  • the non-return system preferably allows screwing of the screw in the lock body so as to place the locking device in a position in which it is locked in the groove.
  • the anti-return system prevents unscrewing of the screw, so that once the locking device is locked in the groove, it can not loosen under the effect of the vibrations; -
  • the screw head has six sides.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention in a groove of a turbomachine disk;
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the locking device of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 5 a perspective view of a locking device according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 a perspective view of a blade blocking device of the prior art
  • FIG. 8 another perspective view of the device of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 14 a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention in a groove of a turbomachine disk
  • FIGS 1 to 4 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • This locking device comprises a lock body 1 which comprises a base 2.
  • This base 2 comprises a bottom wall 20, two lateral bearing walls 5 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 6 when the locking device is in a tight position, and two lateral hooking walls 21.
  • This base 2 is shaped so as to:
  • the locking device also comprises a screw 7 which extends along a reference axis 8.
  • the screw 7 comprises a barrel 9 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body.
  • the barrel 9 has a first end 10 provided with a screw head 1 1 and a second end 12 provided with clamping means 13 adapted to cooperate with a wrench.
  • the screw 7 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 1.
  • the locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 6.
  • the loosened position is a position in which the screw head 1 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 1 for the locking device can move in the groove without abutting against its bottom 14 or against its upper edges 4.
  • the locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 6.
  • the lock head 1 1 bears against the bottom 14 of the groove 6, while the base 2 is in abutment against the upper edge 4 of the groove.
  • the tight position is therefore the position in which the screw head 1 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 1 so that the screw head 1 1 bears against the bottom 14 while the base bears against the upper edge 4.
  • the locking device also comprises a brake pad 16. This brake pad 16 is located between the lock body 1 and the screw head 1 January.
  • the brake pad 16 is integral with the lock body 1, so that it can make no movement relative to the lock body 1, which limits the risk of damage to the brake pad 16 by vibration.
  • the brake pad is preferably formed of a plate 17 which matches the base 2 of the lock body 1.
  • the plate 1 7 thus comprises a base 22 bearing axially against the lower wall 20 of the lock body.
  • the plate 17 also comprises two branches 23 which extend in directions substantially perpendicular to the direction of the base 22. Each branch 23 runs along one of the hooked side walls 21 of the lock body.
  • the plate 17 thus substantially has a U-shaped section.
  • the base 22 of the plate 17 is pierced with a hole 18 so that the drum 9 of the screw can pass through this hole 18.
  • the brake pad 16 is secured to the lock body 1 thanks to:
  • Each projecting portion 24 is inserted into one of the attachment windows 19.
  • the base 22 of the brake pad 16 bears against the lower part 20 the base 2, and the branches 23 of the brake pad 16 are in abutment against the lateral attachment walls 21, so that the brake pad 16 is immobilized axially and radially relative to the lock body.
  • the screw head 1 1 is provided with several panels 25, for example hexagonal, which are separated from each other by discontinuities 26.
  • the brake pad 16 is provided with braking tongues 29 which project from the branches 23 so as to extend along two diametrically opposite faces of the screw head.
  • the discontinuities 26 are arranged so as to be difficult to pass through the brake tongues 29 when they are in radial abutment against the panels 25.
  • the discontinuities are preferably arranged so that the brake tongues 29 must deform elastically to cross them.
  • the screw head 11 may have radial dimensions at the discontinuities 26 greater than the radial dimensions of the screw head 11 at the level of the panels 25.
  • the rotation of the screw head 1 1 with respect to the brake pad 16 and therefore with respect to the lock body is therefore limited by the presence of these braking tongues 29 which must therefore deform elastically to cross the discontinuities 26 separating two 25 consecutive pans.
  • the brake tongues 29 therefore oppose rotation resistance of the screw head 1 1, so that the locking device can not accidentally loosen under the effect of vibrations.
  • FIG 5 shows a locking device according to another embodiment.
  • This locking device is identical to that described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 with the exception of the screw head 1 1 'which is provided with a non-return system.
  • Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the screw head 11 '.
  • the screw head 1 ' has several sections 27 which are separated from each other by stalls 28.
  • the brake tongues 29 bear radial against these flaps 27. When the brake tongues 29 bear against these flaps 27, they do not undergo mechanical stress.
  • These sections 27 and these stalls 29 are arranged so that the rotation of the screw is favored in a first direction F, which corresponds to the clamping direction of the locking device, but that it is prevented in the opposite direction -F , which corresponds to the loosening direction of the screw.
  • the braking tongues 29 run through the faces 27 of the screw head 1 1 'in the direction F, they gradually move away from each other, which is possible.
  • the brake tongues 29 can not move in the -F direction because they would have to cross the stalls 28 which are steep, which is not possible under the effect of the vibrations only. Thus, only the tightening of the locking device is possible.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body.
  • it aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a locking device in which the risk of loosening the screw are minimized over the long term.
  • a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk comprising:
  • a screw extending along a reference axis comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising clamping means adapted to cooperate with a wrench;
  • axial means a direction parallel to the reference axis
  • radial a direction perpendicular to the reference axis.
  • the locking device according to the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
  • the clamping means have an outer surface formed by sections separated by discontinuities, each braking tongue being in radial abutment against one of the sections of the clamping means, so that the braking tongues must deform to overcome these discontinuities and move from one pan to another;
  • the clamping means have radial dimensions at the discontinuities different from the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the flanges; more specifically, the clamping means preferably have radial dimensions at the level of the discontinuities greater than the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the level of the panels, which makes it possible to have discontinuities which are difficult to cross for the brake tabs. Indeed, the braking tongues must move away from each other to cross the discontinuities;
  • the clamping means have a polygonal section
  • the faces and discontinuities of the clamping means form a non-return system which can only be traversed in one direction by the braking tongues;
  • the screw comprises a first end provided with a screw head
  • Each braking tongue has an end provided with an axial stop arranged relative to the clamping means so as to prevent the screw head from approaching axially of the lock body;
  • the lock body comprises a base, the braking tongues protruding axially from the base; - The brake tabs and the base form a piece in one piece, which limits the risk of breaking of the brake tabs;
  • the brake tongues are elastically deformable
  • the shaft of the screw has a second end at which are located the clamping means.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • FIGS. 9 to 13 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • This locking device comprises a lock body 101 which comprises a base 102.
  • This base 102 comprises two lateral bearing walls 105 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 106 when the locking device is in the tight position.
  • This base 102 is shaped so as to: - be able to slide in a groove 106 of a turbomachine groove when the locking device is loosened, and so as to
  • This base 102 is pierced by a tapping 103 provided with a thread.
  • the locking device also comprises a screw 107 which extends along a reference axis 108.
  • the screw 107 comprises a barrel 109 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body.
  • the barrel 109 has a first end 1010 provided with a screw head 101 1 and a second end 1012 provided with clamping means 1013 able to cooperate with a wrench.
  • the screw 107 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 101.
  • the locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 106.
  • the loosened position is a position in which the screw head 101 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 101 so that the locking device can move in the groove without abutting against its bottom 1014 or against its upper edges 104.
  • the locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 106.
  • the lock head 101 1 bears against the bottom 1014 of the groove 106, while the base 102 is in support against the upper edges 104 of the groove 106.
  • the tight position is the position in which the screw head 101 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 101 so that the screw head 101 1 bears against the bottom 1014 while the base is in support against the upper edges 104.
  • the clamping means 1013 have an outer surface provided with a plurality of panels 1025, for example hexagon plates, which are separated from each other by discontinuities 1026 at which the radial dimensions of the means 1013 are greater than the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the level of the panels 1025.
  • These discontinuities 1026 are preferably edges that separate two successive panels 1025.
  • the lock body 101 is provided with two braking tongues 1029 which protrude axially from the base 102 so as to extend along two diametrically opposite sides 1025 of the clamping means 1013.
  • the two braking tongues 1029 are thus in radial abutment against the sections 1025 of the clamping means 1013 so that they slow down the rotation of the screw with respect to the lock body. Indeed, the brake tongues 1029 must deviate from one another to cross the ridges 1026 which separate two successive sections 1025, so that the screw can not rotate around its axis of rotation. reference 108 under the effect of vibrations.
  • the brake tongues 1029 are preferably elastically deformable.
  • the brake tongues 1029 are preferably provided with axial stops 1030 disposed at their ends.
  • the panels 1025 have a shape complementary to the inner surface of the brake tabs 1029.
  • the axial stops 1030 and the complementary shape of the panels 1025 prevent the screw head 101 1 from coming axially closer to the base 102 under the effect vibrations.
  • loosening of the locking device is avoided not only by radial braking, but also by axial braking.
  • the brake tabs 1029 preferably form an integral piece with the base 102, so that the lock body 101 has enhanced strength.
  • the locking device thus produced has a limited risk of loosening in the long term.
  • it is simple to make, and has a limited number of parts.
  • the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body.
  • the number of sections of the clamping means is not given as an indication.
  • the invention relates to a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk, the device comprising:
  • a screw extending along a reference axis, the screw comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising a screw head;
  • a bolt body pierced by a tapping provided with a thread complementary to the thread of the screw;
  • a brake pad immobilized axially with respect to the lock body, the brake pad comprising at least one finger having a radially extending locking end which is arranged to prevent the screw head from moving axially towards the body lock.
  • axial means a direction parallel to the reference axis and the term “radial” means a direction perpendicular to the reference axis.
  • the finger thus makes it possible to prevent loosening of the locking device under the effect of vibrations since the screw head can not move axially closer to the brake pad, which itself is immobilized axially with respect to the lock body.
  • the object of the invention is to prevent loosening of the locking device by preventing the axial movements of the screw.
  • the locking device may also have one or more of the following features taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
  • the braking pad is immobilized axially and radially with respect to the lock body
  • the locking end is located between the screw head and the lock body
  • the screw is provided with a circumferential rib, the locking end of the brake pad being inserted into the circumferential rib;
  • the brake pad is formed by a plate that matches the lock body
  • the plate is immobilized in support against the lock body
  • the brake pad has at least one latching window, the latch body having at least one projecting portion, the projecting portion being inserted into the latching window;
  • the brake pad has two fingers;
  • the two fingers are diametrically opposed to the screw.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • FIGS 14 to 16 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • This locking device comprises a lock body 201 which comprises a base 202.
  • This base 202 comprises a bottom wall 2020, two lateral bearing walls 205 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 206 when the locking device is in a tight position, and two lateral attachment walls 2021.
  • This base 202 is shaped so as to:
  • This base 202 is pierced by a tapping 203 provided with a thread.
  • the locking device also comprises a screw 207 which extends along a reference axis 208.
  • the screw 207 comprises a barrel 209 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body.
  • the barrel 209 has a first end 2010 provided with a screw head 201 1 and a second end 2012 provided with clamping means 2013 adapted to cooperate with a wrench.
  • the screw 207 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 201.
  • the locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 206.
  • the loosened position is a position in which the screw head 201 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 201 so that the locking device can move in the groove without bumping against its bottom 2014 or against its upper edges 2015.
  • the locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 206.
  • the lock head 201 1 bears against the bottom 2014 of the groove 206, while the base 202 is in support against the upper edge 2015 of the groove.
  • the tight position is therefore the position in which the screw head 201 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 201 so that the screw head 201 1 bears against the bottom 2014 while the base is in abutment against the upper edge 2015.
  • the locking device also includes a brake pad 2016.
  • This brake pad 2016 is located between the lock body 201 and the screw head 201 1.
  • the braking pad 2016 is immobilized axially relative to the lock body and preferably secured to the lock body, so that it can perform no movement relative to the lock body 201, which limits the risk of deterioration of the 2016 brake pad by vibration.
  • the brake pad is preferably formed of a plate 2017 which fits the base 202 of the lock body 201.
  • the plate 2017 therefore comprises a base 2022 bearing axially against the lower wall 2020 of the lock body.
  • the plate 2017 also comprises two branches 2023 which extend in directions substantially perpendicular to the direction of the base 2022. Each branch 2023 runs along one of the hooked side walls 2021 of the lock body.
  • the plate 2017 thus has substantially a U-shaped section.
  • the base 2022 of the plate 2017 is pierced with a hole 2018 so that the barrel 209 of the screw can pass through this hole 2018.
  • the brake pad 2016 is secured to the lock body 201 thanks to:
  • Each projecting portion 2024 is inserted in one of the attachment windows 2019.
  • the base 2022 of the brake pad 2016 is in abutment against the lower part 2020 of the base 202, and the branches 2023 of the brake pad 2016 are in abutment against the lateral attachment walls 2021, so that the brake pad 2016 is immobilized axially and radially relative to the lock body.
  • the brake pad 2016 is provided with two fingers 2030.
  • Each finger 2030 is disposed between the lock body 201 and the screw head 201 1.
  • Each finger 2030 has a main portion 2031 which extends axially from the branch 2023 of the brake pad.
  • the finger also has an end curved from the main part which forms the locking end 2032. This locking end 2032 extends radially. This locking end 2032 is arranged to prevent the screw head from approaching the lock body 201, so as to avoid loosening of the locking device.
  • the screw head may for example comprise a stop face 2033 which faces the lock body 201.
  • the locking ends 2032 are then in axial abutment against this stop face 2033 so that the screw head 201 1 can not get closer to the lock body.
  • the screw may comprise a circumferential rib 2034 dug in the barrel of the screw.
  • the circumferential rib 2034 is located between the thread of the screw and the screw head.
  • the circumferential rib 2034 is preferably located just above the screw head, so that one of the walls circumferential rib 2034 is formed by a stop face 2033 of the screw head 201 1.
  • the locking end 2032 is then preferably inserted into the circumferential rib.
  • the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a device for locking blades in a groove (6) of a turbomachine disc, the device comprising: a screw (7) extending along a reference axis (8), the screw (7) comprising a shank (9) provided with a screw thread, the screw (7) comprising a screw head (11, 11'); a lock body (1) that is tapped with a thread that complements the thread of the screw; a locking plate (16) comprising at least two locking tabs (29), the locking tabs (29) and the screw head (11, 11') being arranged in such a way as to impede the rotation of the screw (7) at least in one direction with respect to the locking plate (16), the locking plate (16) being secured to the lock body (1).

Description

DISPOSITIF DE BLOCAGE D'AUBES DANS UNE RAINURE D'UN DISQUE DE  DEVICE FOR BLOCKING AUBES IN A GROOVE OF A DISC
TURBOMACHINE  TURBOMACHINE
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE La présente invention concerne un dispositif de blocage d'aubes dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk.
ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTERIEUR STATE OF THE PRIOR ART
Les disques de turbomachine comportent généralement une rainure pourvue d'une fenêtre de chargement dans laquelle les aubes sont insérées les unes après les autres. Une fois toutes les aubes insérées dans la rainure sauf la dernière, un premier dispositif de blocage est inséré dans la rainure, la dernière aube est ensuite insérée, puis un deuxième dispositif de blocage est inséré dans la rainure. The turbomachine disks generally comprise a groove provided with a loading window in which the vanes are inserted one after the other. Once all the blades are inserted into the groove except the last, a first locking device is inserted into the groove, the last blade is then inserted, and a second locking device is inserted into the groove.
Les aubes sont ensuite placées dans la position tangentielle voulue, puis les dispositifs de blocage sont serrés de façon à bloquer les aubes dans cette position tangentielle choisie. The blades are then placed in the desired tangential position, then the locking devices are tightened so as to block the blades in this selected tangential position.
Le document FR2832455 décrit un tel dispositif de blocage. Ce dispositif de blocage comporte un corps de verrou et une vis. La vis comporte un fût, une tête de vis destinée à loger dans un espace annulaire délimité par le dessous des pieds d'aube et le fond de la rainure, et des moyens aptes à coopérer avec une clef de serrage. Le diamètre de la tête de vis est supérieur à la distance séparant les deux pieds d'aubes adjacents de sorte que la partie supérieure de la tête de vis peut venir en appui contre le dessous de ces deux pieds d'aubes, afin de limiter le déplacement de la tête de vis. Le corps de verrou comporte une embase percée par un taraudage équipé d'un filetage destiné à coopérer avec le filetage du fût de la vis. Lorsque la tête de vis est proche du corps de verrou, le dispositif de blocage peut se déplacer dans la rainure. The document FR2832455 describes such a locking device. This locking device comprises a lock body and a screw. The screw comprises a barrel, a screw head intended to house in an annular space defined by the underside of the blade roots and the bottom of the groove, and means adapted to cooperate with a wrench. The diameter of the screw head is greater than the distance separating the two adjacent blade roots so that the upper part of the screw head can bear against the underside of these two blade roots, in order to limit the moving the screw head. The lock body comprises a base pierced by a tapping equipped with a thread intended to cooperate with the screw thread of the screw. When the screw head is close to the lock body, the locking device can move in the groove.
Lorsque l'on veut bloquer les aubes dans une position choisie, on visse la vis dans le corps de verrou de façon à éloigner la tête de vis du corps de verrou, de sorte que la tête de vis est en appui contre le fond de la rainure, tandis que l'embase du corps de verrou est en appui contre les rebords supérieurs de la rainure. When it is desired to block the blades in a chosen position, the screw is screwed into the lock body so as to move the screw head away from the lock body, so that the screw head bears against the bottom of the groove, while the base of the lock body bears against the upper edges of the groove.
Pour éviter que les risques de desserrage de la vis en fonctionnement, le dispositif de blocage comporte une plaquette de freinage disposée entre la tête de vis et le corps de verrou. Cette plaquette de freinage comporte deux languettes qui viennent en appui radial contre les pans de la tête de vis, de façon à freiner la rotation de la tête de vis par rapport à la plaquette de freinage. To prevent the risk of loosening the screw in operation, the locking device comprises a brake pad disposed between the screw head and the lock body. This brake pad has two tabs which bear radially against the sections of the screw head, so as to slow the rotation of the screw head relative to the brake pad.
Par ailleurs, cette plaquette de freinage est immobilisée radialement par rapport au corps de verrou, grâce à deux autres languettes radiales qui viennent coopérer avec deux rainures réalisées dans le corps de verrou. Furthermore, this brake pad is immobilized radially with respect to the lock body, thanks to two other radial tongues which cooperate with two grooves formed in the lock body.
Ainsi, cette plaquette de freinage permet d'éviter que la vis ne tourne par rapport au corps de verrou, et donc qu'elle se dévisse. Thus, this brake pad prevents the screw from rotating relative to the lock body, and therefore it unscrews.
Toutefois, on a constaté que cette plaquette de freinage a tendance à se fissurer en fonctionnement, de sorte que la fonction de freinage de la vis n'est plus assurée sur du long terme. However, it has been found that this brake pad tends to crack in operation, so that the braking function of the screw is no longer ensured over the long term.
EXPOSE DE L'INVENTION SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
L'invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique en proposant un dispositif de blocage dans lequel les risques de desserrage de la vis sont minimisés à long terme. Pour ce faire, est proposé, selon un premier aspect de l'invention, un dispositif de blocage d'aubes dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine, le dispositif comportant : The invention aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a locking device in which the risk of loosening the screw are minimized in the long term. To do this, it is proposed, according to a first aspect of the invention, a blade blocking device in a groove of a turbomachine disk, the device comprising:
Une vis s'étendant suivant un axe de référence, la vis comportant un fût pourvu d'un filetage, la vis comportant une tête de vis; - Un corps de verrou percé par un taraudage pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage de la vis ; A screw extending along a reference axis, the screw comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising a screw head; - A bolt body pierced by a thread provided with a thread complementary to the thread of the screw;
Une plaquette de freinage comportant au moins deux languettes de freinage en appui radial contre la tête de vis, les languettes de freinage et la tête de vis étant agencés de manière à freiner la rotation de la vis au moins dans un sens par rapport à la plaquette de freinage, la plaquette de freinage étant solidaire du corps de verrou. A brake pad comprising at least two braking tongues bearing radially against the screw head, the braking tongues and the screw head being arranged to brake the rotation of the screw at least in one direction relative to the brake pad, the brake pad being secured to the lock body.
Dans ce document, le terme « axial » désigne une direction parallèle à l'axe de référence, tandis que le terme « radial » désigne une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de référence. In this document, the term "axial" designates a direction parallel to the reference axis, while the term "radial" designates a direction perpendicular to the reference axis.
Le fait d'avoir une plaquette de freinage qui est solidaire du corps de verrou, c'est-à- dire qui est immobilisée axialement et radialement par rapport au corps de verrou, permet d'éviter les vibrations de la plaquette de freinage. Or ce sont ces vibrations qui étaient à l'origine de la création de fissures dans les plaquettes de l'art antérieur. Par conséquent, le fait d'avoir une plaquette de freinage solidaire du corps de verrou permet de diminuer les risques d'apparition de fissures dans la plaquette de freinage, et donc elle permet d'éviter que la plaquette de freinage ne se casse. Ainsi, la plaquette de freinage empêche le desserrage de la vis sur le long terme. En effet, la plaquette de freinage empêche la rotation de la vis par rapport à la plaquette de freinage, or comme la plaquette de freinage est solidaire du corps de verrou, la rotation de la vis est également empêchée par rapport au corps de verrou. The fact of having a brake pad which is secured to the lock body, that is to say which is immobilized axially and radially relative to the lock body, avoids vibrations of the brake pad. But it is these vibrations which were at the origin of the creation of cracks in the platelets of the prior art. Consequently, having a brake pad integral with the lock body makes it possible to reduce the risk of cracks appearing in the brake pad, and thus it makes it possible to prevent the brake pad from breaking. Thus, the brake pad prevents loosening of the screw in the long run. Indeed, the brake pad prevents rotation of the screw relative to the brake pad, or as the brake pad is secured to the lock body, the rotation of the screw is also prevented relative to the lock body.
En outre, le fait que la plaquette de freinage soit solidaire du corps de verrou est avantageux car il permet d'éviter de perdre la plaquette de freinage ou d'oublier de l'insérer entre la tête de vis et le corps de verrou. Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques décrites ci-dessous, prises individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles. In addition, the fact that the brake pad is secured to the lock body is advantageous because it avoids losing the brake pad or forget to insert between the screw head and the lock body. The locking device according to the invention may also have one or more of the features described below, taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
Selon différents modes de réalisation : According to different embodiments:
- la plaquette de freinage est formée par une plaque qui épouse le corps de verrou, ce qui permet de limiter les efforts exercés sur la plaquette de freinage ; - The brake pad is formed by a plate which matches the lock body, which limits the forces exerted on the brake pad;
- les deux languettes de freinage sont diamétralement opposées par rapport à la tête de vis, ce qui permet d'optimiser le freinage de la tête de vis par les languettes ; la plaquette de freinage comporte au moins une fenêtre d'accrochage, le corps de verrou comportant au moins une partie en saillie, la partie en saillie étant insérée dans la fenêtre d'accrochage ; la plaquette de freinage comporte deux fenêtres d'accrochage, le corps de verrou comportant deux parties en saillie, chaque partie en saillie étant insérée dans une des fenêtres d'accrochage ; la plaque est percée d'un trou traversé par la vis ; la tête de vis présente une surface extérieure formée de pans séparés par des discontinuités, chaque languette de freinage étant en appui radial contre un des pans de la tête de vis. Ainsi, la rotation de la vis par rapport à la plaquette de freinage est empêchée grâce à deux languettes de freinage en appui radial contre deux pans de la tête de vis. Pour que la vis puisse tourner, les languettes doivent franchir les discontinuités qui séparent les pans et qui sont difficilement franchissables par les languettes de freinage. Les discontinuités forment donc des obstacles pour les languettes de freinage. Par conséquent, pour que la vis puisse tourner, il faut que les languettes de freinage soient déformées élastiquement pour franchir les discontinuités, ce qui limite la rotation de la vis. la tête de vis présente des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités différentes des dimensions radiales de la tête de vis au niveau des pans de sorte que les discontinuités sont difficilement franchissables pour les languettes de freinage. La tête de vis présente de préférence des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités supérieures aux dimensions radiales de la tête de vis au niveau des pans ; les pans de la tête de vis sont séparés par des arêtes ; la tête de vis présente une section polygonale ; - les pans et les discontinuités de la tête de vis forment un système anti-retour qui ne peut être parcouru que dans un sens par les languettes de freinage ; Ainsi, le système anti-retour permet de préférence le vissage de la vis dans le corps de verrou de façon à placer le dispositif de blocage dans une position dans laquelle il est bloqué dans la rainure. Par contre, le système anti-retour empêche le dévissage de la vis, de sorte qu'une fois que le dispositif de blocage est bloqué dans la rainure, il ne peut pas se desserrer sous l'effet des vibrations ; - la tête de vis comporte six pans. the two braking tongues are diametrically opposite with respect to the screw head, which makes it possible to optimize braking of the screw head by the tongues; the brake pad has at least one attachment window, the lock body having at least one projecting portion, the projecting portion being inserted into the attachment window; the brake pad has two latching windows, the lock body having two projecting parts, each projecting portion being inserted into one of the attachment windows; the plate is pierced with a hole through which the screw passes; the screw head has an outer surface formed of sections separated by discontinuities, each braking tongue being in radial abutment against one of the sections of the screw head. Thus, the rotation of the screw relative to the brake pad is prevented by two brake tongues bearing against two radial faces of the screw head. For the screw to rotate, the tabs must cross the discontinuities that separate the sides and are difficult to pass through the brake tabs. Discontinuities therefore form obstacles for the braking tongues. Therefore, for the screw to rotate, it is necessary that the brake tabs are elastically deformed to cross the discontinuities, which limits the rotation of the screw. the screw head has radial dimensions at different discontinuities radial dimensions of the screw head at the sides so that the discontinuities are difficult to pass for the brake tabs. The screw head preferably has radial dimensions at the discontinuities greater than the radial dimensions of the screw head at the flanges; the sections of the screw head are separated by ridges; the screw head has a polygonal section; - the sections and discontinuities of the screw head form a non-return system which can only be traversed in one direction by the brake tabs; Thus, the non-return system preferably allows screwing of the screw in the lock body so as to place the locking device in a position in which it is locked in the groove. On the other hand, the anti-return system prevents unscrewing of the screw, so that once the locking device is locked in the groove, it can not loosen under the effect of the vibrations; - The screw head has six sides.
Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne une turbomachine comportant un dispositif de blocage selon le premier aspect de l'invention. Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
BREVES DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, en référence aux figures annexées, qui illustrent : Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge on reading the detailed description which follows, with reference to the appended figures, which illustrate:
- La figure 1 , une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de blocage d'aubes selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine ; - Figure 1, a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention in a groove of a turbomachine disk;
- La figure 2, une vue en perspective du dispositif de blocage de la figure 1 ; - Figure 2 is a perspective view of the locking device of Figure 1;
- La figure 3, une autre vue en perspective du dispositif de blocage de la figure 1 ; - Figure 3, another perspective view of the locking device of Figure 1;
- La figure 4, une vue en perspective éclatée du dispositif de blocage de la figure 1 ;  - Figure 4, an exploded perspective view of the locking device of Figure 1;
- La figure 5, une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de blocage selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figure 5, a perspective view of a locking device according to another embodiment of the invention;
- La figure 6, une vue en coupe de la tête de vis du dispositif de blocage de la figure 5 ;  - Figure 6, a sectional view of the screw head of the blocking device of Figure 5;
- La figure 7, une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de blocage d'aubes de l'art antérieur ; - La figure 8, une autre vue en perspective du dispositif de la figure 7; - Figure 7, a perspective view of a blade blocking device of the prior art; - Figure 8, another perspective view of the device of Figure 7;
- La figure 9, une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de blocage d'aubes selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figure 9, a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention;
- La figure 10, une autre vue en perspective du dispositif de blocage d'aubes de la figure 1 1 ;  - Figure 10, another perspective view of the blade blocking device of Figure 1 1;
- La figure 12, une vue en coupe du dispositif de blocage d'aubes de la figure 9 ;  - Figure 12, a sectional view of the blade blocking device of Figure 9;
- La figure 13, une vue de dessus du dispositif de blocage de la figure 9 ;  - Figure 13, a top view of the locking device of Figure 9;
- La figure 14, une vue en perspective d'un dispositif de blocage d'aubes selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine ;  - Figure 14, a perspective view of a blade blocking device according to one embodiment of the invention in a groove of a turbomachine disk;
- La figure 15, une vue en perspective du dispositif de blocage de la figure 14 ; - Figure 15, a perspective view of the locking device of Figure 14;
- La figure 16, une vue en coupe du dispositif de la figure 14. Pour plus de clarté, les éléments identiques ou similaires sont repérés par des signes de références identiques sur l'ensemble des figures. - Figure 16, a sectional view of the device of Figure 14. For clarity, identical or similar elements are identified by identical reference signs throughout the figures.
DESCRIPTION DETAILLEE D'AU MOINS UN MODE DE REALISATION DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT
Les figures 1 à 4 représentent un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ce dispositif de blocage comporte un corps de verrou 1 qui comporte une embase 2. Cette embase 2 comporte une paroi inférieure 20, deux parois latérales d'appui 5 destinées à venir en contact avec les parois latérales de la rainure 6 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est en position serrée, et deux parois latérales d'accrochage 21 . Cette embase 2 est conformée de façon à : Figures 1 to 4 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention. This locking device comprises a lock body 1 which comprises a base 2. This base 2 comprises a bottom wall 20, two lateral bearing walls 5 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 6 when the locking device is in a tight position, and two lateral hooking walls 21. This base 2 is shaped so as to:
- pouvoir coulisser dans une rainure 6 d'une gorge de turbomachine lorsque le dispositif de blocage est desserré, et de manière à - Being able to slide in a groove 6 of a turbomachine groove when the locking device is loosened, and so as to
- ce que ses parois latérales d'appui 5 viennent en appui axial contre les parois latérales 4 de la rainure 6 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est serré de façon à empêcher le dispositif de blocage de sortir de la rainure 6. Cette embase 2 est percée par un taraudage 3 pourvu d'un filetage. Le dispositif de blocage comporte également une vis 7 qui s'étend suivant un axe de référence 8. La vis 7 comporte un fût 9 pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage du corps de verrou. Le fût 9 comporte une première extrémité 10 pourvue d'une tête de vis 1 1 et une deuxième extrémité 12 pourvue de moyens de serrage 13 aptes à coopérer avec une clef de serrage. - That its lateral support walls 5 come into axial abutment against the side walls 4 of the groove 6 when the locking device is tightened so as to prevent the locking device from coming out of the groove 6. This base 2 is pierced by a tapping 3 provided with a thread. The locking device also comprises a screw 7 which extends along a reference axis 8. The screw 7 comprises a barrel 9 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body. The barrel 9 has a first end 10 provided with a screw head 1 1 and a second end 12 provided with clamping means 13 adapted to cooperate with a wrench.
La vis 7 est insérée dans le taraudage du corps de verrou 1 . The screw 7 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 1.
Le dispositif de blocage peut être placé dans une position desserrée dans laquelle il peut se déplacer dans la rainure 6. La position desserrée est une position dans laquelle la tête de vis 1 1 est suffisamment proche du corps de verrou 1 pour que le dispositif de blocage puisse se déplacer dans la rainure sans buter contre son fond 14 ou contre ses bordures supérieures 4. The locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 6. The loosened position is a position in which the screw head 1 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 1 for the locking device can move in the groove without abutting against its bottom 14 or against its upper edges 4.
Le dispositif de blocage peut également être placé dans une position serrée, dans laquelle il est immobilisé dans la rainure 6. Pour cela, la tête de verrou 1 1 est en appui contre le fond 14 de la rainure 6, tandis que l'embase 2 est en appui contre la bordure supérieure 4 de la rainure. La position serrée est donc la position dans laquelle la tête de vis 1 1 est suffisamment éloignée du corps de verrou 1 pour que la tête de vis 1 1 soit en appui contre le fond 14 tandis que l'embase est en appui contre la bordure supérieure 4. Le dispositif de blocage comporte également une plaquette de freinage 16. Cette plaquette de freinage 16 est située entre le corps de verrou 1 et la tête de vis 1 1 . La plaquette de freinage 16 est solidaire du corps de verrou 1 , de sorte qu'elle ne peut effectuer aucun mouvement par rapport au corps de verrou 1 , ce qui permet de limiter les risques de détérioration de la plaquette de freinage 16 par vibrations. The locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 6. For this, the lock head 1 1 bears against the bottom 14 of the groove 6, while the base 2 is in abutment against the upper edge 4 of the groove. The tight position is therefore the position in which the screw head 1 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 1 so that the screw head 1 1 bears against the bottom 14 while the base bears against the upper edge 4. The locking device also comprises a brake pad 16. This brake pad 16 is located between the lock body 1 and the screw head 1 January. The brake pad 16 is integral with the lock body 1, so that it can make no movement relative to the lock body 1, which limits the risk of damage to the brake pad 16 by vibration.
Pour cela, la plaquette de freinage est de préférence formée d'une plaque 17 qui épouse l'embase 2 du corps de verrou 1 . La plaque 1 7 comporte donc une base 22 en appui axial contre la paroi inférieure 20 du corps de verrou. La plaque 17 comporte également deux branches 23 qui s'étendent suivant des directions sensiblement perpendiculaires à la direction de la base 22. Chaque branche 23 longe une des parois latérales d'accroché 21 du corps de verrou. La plaque 17 présente donc sensiblement une section en forme de U. La base 22 de la plaque 17 est percée d'un trou 18 de façon à ce que le fût 9 de la vis puisse passer à travers ce trou 18. La plaquette de freinage 16 est solidarisée au corps de verrou 1 grâce à : For this, the brake pad is preferably formed of a plate 17 which matches the base 2 of the lock body 1. The plate 1 7 thus comprises a base 22 bearing axially against the lower wall 20 of the lock body. The plate 17 also comprises two branches 23 which extend in directions substantially perpendicular to the direction of the base 22. Each branch 23 runs along one of the hooked side walls 21 of the lock body. The plate 17 thus substantially has a U-shaped section. The base 22 of the plate 17 is pierced with a hole 18 so that the drum 9 of the screw can pass through this hole 18. The brake pad 16 is secured to the lock body 1 thanks to:
- deux fenêtres d'accrochage 19, chaque fenêtre d'accrochage 19 étant percée dans une des branches 23 de la plaquette de freinage ;  - Two attachment windows 19, each attachment window 19 being pierced in one of the branches 23 of the brake pad;
- deux parties en saillie 24, chaque partie en saillie 24 faisant saillie radialement des parois latérales d'accrochage 21 du corps de verrou.  two protruding portions 24, each projecting portion 24 projecting radially from the latching side walls 21 of the lock body.
Chaque partie en saillie 24 est insérée dans une des fenêtres d'accrochage 19. Lorsque les deux parties en saillie 24 sont insérées dans les fenêtres d'accrochage 19, la base 22 de la plaquette de freinage 16 est en appui contre la partie inférieure 20 de l'embase 2, et les branches 23 de la plaquette de freinage 16 sont en appui contre les parois latérales d'accrochage 21 , de sorte que la plaquette de freinage 16 est immobilisée axialement et radialement par rapport au corps de verrou. Each projecting portion 24 is inserted into one of the attachment windows 19. When the two projecting parts 24 are inserted into the attachment windows 19, the base 22 of the brake pad 16 bears against the lower part 20 the base 2, and the branches 23 of the brake pad 16 are in abutment against the lateral attachment walls 21, so that the brake pad 16 is immobilized axially and radially relative to the lock body.
Afin d'empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage, la tête de vis 1 1 est pourvue de plusieurs pans 25, par exemple de six pans, qui sont séparés entre eux par des discontinuités 26. In order to prevent loosening of the locking device, the screw head 1 1 is provided with several panels 25, for example hexagonal, which are separated from each other by discontinuities 26.
Par ailleurs, la plaquette de freinage 16 est pourvue de languettes de freinage 29 qui font saillie des branches 23 de façon à s'étendre le long de deux pans diamétralement opposés de la tête de vis. Furthermore, the brake pad 16 is provided with braking tongues 29 which project from the branches 23 so as to extend along two diametrically opposite faces of the screw head.
Les discontinuités 26 sont agencées de façon à être difficilement franchissables par les languettes de freinage 29 lorsque celles-ci sont en appui radial contre les pans 25. Pour cela, les discontinuités sont donc de préférence agencées de façon à ce que les languettes de freinage 29 doivent se déformer élastiquement pour les franchir. Par exemple, la tête de vis 1 1 peut présenter des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités 26 supérieures aux dimensions radiales de la tête de vis 1 1 au niveau des pans 25. La rotation de la tête de vis 1 1 par rapport à la plaquette de freinage 16 et donc par rapport au corps de verrou est donc limitée par la présence de ces languettes de freinage 29 qui doivent donc se déformer élastiquement pour franchir les discontinuités 26 séparant deux pans 25 consécutifs. Les languettes de freinage 29 opposent donc une résistance à la rotation de la tête de vis 1 1 , de sorte que le dispositif de blocage ne peut pas se desserrer accidentellement sous l'effet des vibrations. La figure 5 représente un dispositif de blocage selon un autre mode de réalisation. Ce dispositif de blocage est identique à celui décrit en référence aux figures 1 à 4 à l'exception de la tête de vis 1 1 ' qui est pourvue d'un système anti-retour. La figure 6 représente une vue en coupe de la tête de vis 1 1 '. La tête de vis 1 1 ' comporte plusieurs pans 27 qui sont séparés entre eux par des décrochages 28. Les languettes de freinage 29 viennent en appui radial contre ces pans 27. Lorsque les languettes de freinage 29 sont en appui contre ces pans 27, elles ne subissent pas d'effort mécanique. Ces pans 27 et ces décrochages 29 sont agencés de façon à ce que la rotation de la vis soit favorisée dans un premier sens F, qui correspond au sens de serrage du dispositif de blocage, mais qu'elle soit empêchée dans le sens opposé -F, qui correspond au sens de desserrage de la vis. En effet, lorsque les languettes de freinage 29 parcourent les pans 27 de la tête de vis 1 1 ' dans le sens F, elles s'écartent progressivement l'une de l'autre, ce qui est possible. Par contre, les languettes de freinage 29 ne peuvent pas se déplacer dans le sens -F car elles devraient pour cela franchir les décrochages 28 qui sont abruptes, ce qui n'est pas possible sous l'effet des vibrations uniquement. Ainsi, seul le serrage du dispositif de blocage est possible. The discontinuities 26 are arranged so as to be difficult to pass through the brake tongues 29 when they are in radial abutment against the panels 25. For this, the discontinuities are preferably arranged so that the brake tongues 29 must deform elastically to cross them. For example, the screw head 11 may have radial dimensions at the discontinuities 26 greater than the radial dimensions of the screw head 11 at the level of the panels 25. The rotation of the screw head 1 1 with respect to the brake pad 16 and therefore with respect to the lock body is therefore limited by the presence of these braking tongues 29 which must therefore deform elastically to cross the discontinuities 26 separating two 25 consecutive pans. The brake tongues 29 therefore oppose rotation resistance of the screw head 1 1, so that the locking device can not accidentally loosen under the effect of vibrations. Figure 5 shows a locking device according to another embodiment. This locking device is identical to that described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 with the exception of the screw head 1 1 'which is provided with a non-return system. Figure 6 shows a sectional view of the screw head 11 '. The screw head 1 'has several sections 27 which are separated from each other by stalls 28. The brake tongues 29 bear radial against these flaps 27. When the brake tongues 29 bear against these flaps 27, they do not undergo mechanical stress. These sections 27 and these stalls 29 are arranged so that the rotation of the screw is favored in a first direction F, which corresponds to the clamping direction of the locking device, but that it is prevented in the opposite direction -F , which corresponds to the loosening direction of the screw. Indeed, when the braking tongues 29 run through the faces 27 of the screw head 1 1 'in the direction F, they gradually move away from each other, which is possible. On the other hand, the brake tongues 29 can not move in the -F direction because they would have to cross the stalls 28 which are steep, which is not possible under the effect of the vibrations only. Thus, only the tightening of the locking device is possible.
Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures et des variantes pourraient être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Par exemple, la vis pourrait présenter d'autres géométries, tout comme le corps de verrou. Dans un second aspect de l'invention, elle vise à remédier aux inconvénients de l'état de la technique en proposant un dispositif de blocage dans lequel les risques de desserrage de la vis sont minimisés sur du long terme. Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body. In a second aspect of the invention, it aims to overcome the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing a locking device in which the risk of loosening the screw are minimized over the long term.
Car la présence du manchon dans les dispositifs de l'art antérieur rend le dispositif de blocage encombrant et par conséquent, un tel dispositif de blocage ne peut pas être implanté dans toutes les rainures de disques de turbomachine, et notamment, un tel dispositif ne peut pas être utilisé lorsque l'espace entre les pieds d'aubes est trop faible ou bien lorsque la fenêtre est réduite au niveau des plates-formes. Because the presence of the sleeve in the devices of the prior art makes the blocking device bulky and therefore, such a locking device can not be implanted in all turbomachine disk grooves, and in particular, such a device can not not be used when the space between the blade roots is too small or when the window is reduced at the platform level.
Pour remédier à ce problème, il est possible de réduire la hauteur du manchon 1035 comme représenté sur les figures 7 et 8, puis de poinçonner ce manchon réduit 1035 au niveau de deux points 1036 diamétralement opposés comme représenté sur les figures 7 et 8. Cette solution permet bien de réduire l'encombrement dû à la présence du manchon 1035. Toutefois, elle ne permet pas de freiner efficacement la rotation de la vis dans le corps de verrou, de sorte que le dispositif de blocage peut tout de même se desserrer sous l'effet des vibrations. To remedy this problem, it is possible to reduce the height of the sleeve 1035 as shown in Figures 7 and 8, and then to punch this reduced sleeve 1035 at two diametrically opposite points 1036 as shown in Figures 7 and 8. This solution makes it possible to reduce the bulk due to the presence of the sleeve 1035. However, it does not effectively slow the rotation of the screw in the lock body, so that the locking device can still loosen under the effect of vibrations.
Pour ce faire, est proposé, selon un second aspect de l'invention, un dispositif de blocage d'aubes dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine, le dispositif comportant : To do this, it is proposed, according to a second aspect of the invention, a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk, the device comprising:
Une vis s'étendant suivant un axe de référence, la vis comportant un fût pourvu d'un filetage, la vis comportant des moyens de serrage aptes à coopérer avec une clef de serrage; A screw extending along a reference axis, the screw comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising clamping means adapted to cooperate with a wrench;
Un corps de verrou percé par un taraudage pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage de la vis ; le corps de verrou étant pourvu de deux languettes de freinage en appui radial contre les moyens de serrage, les languettes de freinage et les moyens de serrage étant agencés de manière à freiner la rotation de la vis au moins dans un sens par rapport au corps de verrou. A bolt body pierced by a tapping provided with a thread complementary to the thread of the screw; the lock body being provided with two brake tongues bearing radially against the clamping means, the braking tongues and the clamping means being arranged so as to slow the rotation of the screw at least in one direction relative to the body of the lock.
Dans ce document, on désigne par « axial » une direction parallèle à l'axe de référence, et par « radial » une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de référence. Le fait d'avoir des languettes de freinage au lieu d'avoir un manchon permet d'avoir un dispositif de blocage qui présente une partie supérieure de moindres dimensions radiales que les dispositifs de l'art antérieur, tout en ayant un freinage de la vis sur le long terme satisfaisant. In this document, the term "axial" means a direction parallel to the reference axis, and "radial" a direction perpendicular to the reference axis. The fact of having braking tongues instead of having a sleeve makes it possible to have a locking device which has an upper part of smaller radial dimensions than the devices of the prior art, while having a braking of the screw. in the long term satisfactory.
Le dispositif de blocage selon l'invention peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-après, prises individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles. The locking device according to the invention may also have one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
Ainsi, selon différents modes de réalisation : Thus, according to different embodiments:
- les moyens de serrage présentent une surface extérieure formée par des pans séparés par des discontinuités, chaque languette de freinage étant en appui radial contre un des pans des moyens de serrage, de sorte que les languettes de freinage doivent se déformer pour franchir ces discontinuités et passer d'un pan à l'autre ; - The clamping means have an outer surface formed by sections separated by discontinuities, each braking tongue being in radial abutment against one of the sections of the clamping means, so that the braking tongues must deform to overcome these discontinuities and move from one pan to another;
les moyens de serrage présentent des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités différentes des dimensions radiales des moyens de serrage au niveau des pans ; plus précisément, les moyens de serrage présentent de préférence des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités supérieures aux dimensions radiales des moyens de serrage au niveau des pans, ce qui permet d'avoir des discontinuités qui sont difficiles à franchir pour les languettes de freinage. En effet, les languettes de freinage doivent s'écarter l'une de l'autre pour franchir les discontinuités ;  the clamping means have radial dimensions at the discontinuities different from the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the flanges; more specifically, the clamping means preferably have radial dimensions at the level of the discontinuities greater than the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the level of the panels, which makes it possible to have discontinuities which are difficult to cross for the brake tabs. Indeed, the braking tongues must move away from each other to cross the discontinuities;
- les moyens de serrage présentent une section polygonale ;  the clamping means have a polygonal section;
- les discontinuités sont formées par des arêtes ;  - the discontinuities are formed by edges;
- les pans et les discontinuités des moyens de serrage forment un système antiretour qui ne peut être parcouru que dans un sens par les languettes de freinage ;  the faces and discontinuities of the clamping means form a non-return system which can only be traversed in one direction by the braking tongues;
- la vis comporte une première extrémité pourvue d'une tête de vis ;  the screw comprises a first end provided with a screw head;
- chaque languette de freinage présente une extrémité pourvue d'une butée axiale agencée par rapport aux moyens de serrage de manière à empêcher la tête de vis de se rapprocher axialement du corps de verrou ;  - Each braking tongue has an end provided with an axial stop arranged relative to the clamping means so as to prevent the screw head from approaching axially of the lock body;
- le corps de verrou comporte une embase, les languettes de freinage faisant saillie axialement de l'embase ; - les languettes de freinage et l'embase forment une pièce d'un seul tenant, ce qui permet de limiter les risques de cassure des languettes de freinage ; - The lock body comprises a base, the braking tongues protruding axially from the base; - The brake tabs and the base form a piece in one piece, which limits the risk of breaking of the brake tabs;
- les languettes de freinage sont déformables élastiquement ;  the brake tongues are elastically deformable;
- le fût de la vis présente une deuxième extrémité au niveau de laquelle sont situés les moyens de serrage.  - The shaft of the screw has a second end at which are located the clamping means.
Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne une turbomachine comportant un dispositif de blocage selon le premier aspect de l'invention. Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
Un mode de réalisation est décrit ci-dessous de ce second aspect de l'invention. An embodiment is described below of this second aspect of the invention.
Les figures 9 à 13 représentent un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ce dispositif de blocage comporte un corps de verrou 101 qui comporte une embase 102. Cette embase 102 comporte deux parois latérales d'appui 105 destinées à venir en contact avec les parois latérales de la rainure 106 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est en position serrée. Cette embase 102 est conformée de façon à : - pouvoir coulisser dans une rainure 106 d'une gorge de turbomachine lorsque le dispositif de blocage est desserré, et de manière à Figures 9 to 13 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention. This locking device comprises a lock body 101 which comprises a base 102. This base 102 comprises two lateral bearing walls 105 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 106 when the locking device is in the tight position. This base 102 is shaped so as to: - be able to slide in a groove 106 of a turbomachine groove when the locking device is loosened, and so as to
- ce que ses parois latérales d'appui 105 viennent en appui axial contre les parois latérales 104 de la rainure 106 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est serré de façon à empêcher le dispositif de blocage de sortir de la rainure 106.  its lateral bearing walls 105 come to bear axially against the side walls 104 of the groove 106 when the locking device is tightened so as to prevent the locking device from coming out of the groove 106.
Cette embase 102 est percée par un taraudage 103 pourvu d'un filetage. This base 102 is pierced by a tapping 103 provided with a thread.
Le dispositif de blocage comporte également une vis 107 qui s'étend suivant un axe de référence 108. La vis 107 comporte un fût 109 pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage du corps de verrou. The locking device also comprises a screw 107 which extends along a reference axis 108. The screw 107 comprises a barrel 109 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body.
Le fût 109 comporte une première extrémité 1010 pourvue d'une tête de vis 101 1 et une deuxième extrémité 1012 pourvue de moyens de serrage 1013 aptes à coopérer avec une clef de serrage. The barrel 109 has a first end 1010 provided with a screw head 101 1 and a second end 1012 provided with clamping means 1013 able to cooperate with a wrench.
La vis 107 est insérée dans le taraudage du corps de verrou 101 . Le dispositif de blocage peut être placé dans une position desserrée dans laquelle il peut se déplacer dans la rainure 106. La position desserrée est une position dans laquelle la tête de vis 101 1 est suffisamment proche du corps de verrou 101 pour que le dispositif de blocage puisse se déplacer dans la rainure sans buter contre son fond 1014 ou contre ses bordures supérieures 104. The screw 107 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 101. The locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 106. The loosened position is a position in which the screw head 101 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 101 so that the locking device can move in the groove without abutting against its bottom 1014 or against its upper edges 104.
Le dispositif de blocage peut également être placé dans une position serrée, dans laquelle il est immobilisé dans la rainure 106. Pour cela, la tête de verrou 101 1 est en appui contre le fond 1014 de la rainure 106, tandis que l'embase 102 est en appui contre les bordures supérieures 104 de la rainure 106. La position serrée est donc la position dans laquelle la tête de vis 101 1 est suffisamment éloignée du corps de verrou 101 pour que la tête de vis 101 1 soit en appui contre le fond 1014 tandis que l'embase est en appui contre les bordures supérieures 104. The locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 106. For this, the lock head 101 1 bears against the bottom 1014 of the groove 106, while the base 102 is in support against the upper edges 104 of the groove 106. The tight position is the position in which the screw head 101 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 101 so that the screw head 101 1 bears against the bottom 1014 while the base is in support against the upper edges 104.
Afin d'empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage, les moyens de serrage 1013 présentent une surface extérieure pourvue de plusieurs pans 1025, par exemple de six pans, qui sont séparés entre eux par des discontinuités 1026 au niveau desquelles le les dimensions radiales des moyens de serrage 1013 sont supérieures aux dimensions radiales des moyens de serrage au niveau des pans 1025. Ces discontinuités 1026 sont de préférence des arêtes qui séparent deux pans 1025 successifs. In order to prevent loosening of the locking device, the clamping means 1013 have an outer surface provided with a plurality of panels 1025, for example hexagon plates, which are separated from each other by discontinuities 1026 at which the radial dimensions of the means 1013 are greater than the radial dimensions of the clamping means at the level of the panels 1025. These discontinuities 1026 are preferably edges that separate two successive panels 1025.
Par ailleurs, le corps de verrou 101 est pourvu de deux languettes de freinage 1029 qui font saillie axialement de l'embase 102 de façon à s'étendre le long de deux pans 1025 diamétralement opposés des moyens de serrage 1013. Furthermore, the lock body 101 is provided with two braking tongues 1029 which protrude axially from the base 102 so as to extend along two diametrically opposite sides 1025 of the clamping means 1013.
Les deux languettes de freinage 1029 sont donc en appui radial contre les pans 1025 des moyens de serrage 1013 de sorte qu'elles freinent la rotation de la vis par rapport au corps de verrou. En effet, les languettes de freinage 1029 doivent s'écarter l'une de l'autre pour franchir les arêtes 1026 qui séparent deux pans 1025 successifs, de sorte que la vis ne peut pas de tourner autour de son axe de référence 108 sous l'effet des vibrations. Les languettes de freinage 1029 sont de préférence déformables élastiquement. The two braking tongues 1029 are thus in radial abutment against the sections 1025 of the clamping means 1013 so that they slow down the rotation of the screw with respect to the lock body. Indeed, the brake tongues 1029 must deviate from one another to cross the ridges 1026 which separate two successive sections 1025, so that the screw can not rotate around its axis of rotation. reference 108 under the effect of vibrations. The brake tongues 1029 are preferably elastically deformable.
En outre, les languettes de freinage 1029 sont de préférence pourvues de butées axiales 1030 disposées à leurs extrémités. Les pans 1025 présentent une forme complémentaire de la surface intérieure des languettes de freinage 1029. Ainsi, les butées axiales 1030 et la forme complémentaire des pans 1025 empêchent la tête de vis 101 1 de se rapprocher axialement de l'embase 102 sous l'effet des vibrations. Ainsi, le desserrage du dispositif de blocage est évité non seulement grâce à un freinage radial, mais également grâce à un freinage axial. In addition, the brake tongues 1029 are preferably provided with axial stops 1030 disposed at their ends. The panels 1025 have a shape complementary to the inner surface of the brake tabs 1029. Thus, the axial stops 1030 and the complementary shape of the panels 1025 prevent the screw head 101 1 from coming axially closer to the base 102 under the effect vibrations. Thus, loosening of the locking device is avoided not only by radial braking, but also by axial braking.
Les languettes de freinage 1029 forment de préférence une pièce d'un seul tenant avec l'embase 102, de sorte que le corps de verrou 101 présente une solidité renforcée. The brake tabs 1029 preferably form an integral piece with the base 102, so that the lock body 101 has enhanced strength.
Le dispositif de blocage ainsi réalisé présente un risque limité de desserrage sur le long terme. En outre, il est simple à réaliser, et présente un nombre limité de pièces. The locking device thus produced has a limited risk of loosening in the long term. In addition, it is simple to make, and has a limited number of parts.
Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures et des variantes pourraient être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Par exemple, la vis pourrait présenter d'autres géométries, tout comme le corps de verrou. En outre, le nombre de pans des moyens de serrage n'est pas donné qu'à titre indicatif. Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body. In addition, the number of sections of the clamping means is not given as an indication.
Selon un troisième aspect, l'invention concerne un dispositif de blocage d'aubes dans une rainure d'un disque de turbomachine, le dispositif comportant : According to a third aspect, the invention relates to a device for blocking vanes in a groove of a turbomachine disk, the device comprising:
Une vis s'étendant suivant un axe de référence, la vis comportant un fût pourvu d'un filetage, la vis comportant une tête de vis; A screw extending along a reference axis, the screw comprising a shaft provided with a thread, the screw comprising a screw head;
Un corps de verrou percé par un taraudage pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage de la vis ; Une plaquette de freinage immobilisée axialement par rapport au corps de verrou, la plaquette de freinage comportant au moins un doigt présentant une extrémité de blocage qui s'étend radialement et qui est agencée de manière à empêcher la tête de vis de se rapprocher axialement du corps de verrou. A bolt body pierced by a tapping provided with a thread complementary to the thread of the screw; A brake pad immobilized axially with respect to the lock body, the brake pad comprising at least one finger having a radially extending locking end which is arranged to prevent the screw head from moving axially towards the body lock.
Dans ce document, le terme « axial » désigne une direction parallèle à l'axe de référence et le terme « radial » désigne une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe de référence. In this document, the term "axial" means a direction parallel to the reference axis and the term "radial" means a direction perpendicular to the reference axis.
Le doigt permet donc d'empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage sous l'effet des vibrations puisque la tête de vis ne peut pas se rapprocher axialement de la plaquette de freinage, qui elle-même est immobilisée axialement par rapport au corps de verrou. Ainsi, contrairement aux dispositifs de blocage de l'art antérieur qui visent à empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage en essayant d'empêcher les mouvements de rotation de la vis, l'invention vise à empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage en empêchant les mouvements axiaux de la vis. The finger thus makes it possible to prevent loosening of the locking device under the effect of vibrations since the screw head can not move axially closer to the brake pad, which itself is immobilized axially with respect to the lock body. Thus, unlike the blocking devices of the prior art which are intended to prevent loosening of the locking device in attempting to prevent rotational movements of the screw, the object of the invention is to prevent loosening of the locking device by preventing the axial movements of the screw.
Le dispositif de blocage peut également présenter une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques ci-après prises individuellement ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles. The locking device may also have one or more of the following features taken individually or in any technically possible combination.
Selon différents modes de réalisation : - la plaquette de freinage est immobilisée axialement et radialement par rapport au corps de verrou ; According to various embodiments: the braking pad is immobilized axially and radially with respect to the lock body;
- l'extrémité de blocage est située entre la tête de vis et le corps de verrou ; the locking end is located between the screw head and the lock body;
- l'extrémité de blocage vient en butée axiale contre la tête de vis ; the locking end comes into axial abutment against the screw head;
- la vis est pourvue d'une nervure circonférentielle, l'extrémité de blocage de la plaquette de freinage étant insérée dans cette nervure circonférentielle ;  - The screw is provided with a circumferential rib, the locking end of the brake pad being inserted into the circumferential rib;
- la plaquette de freinage est formée par une plaque qui épouse le corps de verrou ;  - The brake pad is formed by a plate that matches the lock body;
- la plaque est immobilisée en appui contre le corps de verrou ;  - The plate is immobilized in support against the lock body;
- la plaquette de freinage comporte au moins une fenêtre d'accrochage, le corps de verrou comportant au moins une partie en saillie, la partie en saillie étant insérée dans la fenêtre d'accrochage ; - la plaquette de freinage comporte deux doigts ; - The brake pad has at least one latching window, the latch body having at least one projecting portion, the projecting portion being inserted into the latching window; - The brake pad has two fingers;
- les deux doigts sont diamétralement opposés par rapport à la vis.  - The two fingers are diametrically opposed to the screw.
Un autre aspect de l'invention concerne une turbomachine comportant un dispositif de blocage selon le premier aspect de l'invention. Another aspect of the invention relates to a turbomachine comprising a locking device according to the first aspect of the invention.
Un mode de réalisation est décrit ci-dessous de ce troisième aspect de l'invention. An embodiment is described below of this third aspect of the invention.
Les figures 14 à 16 représentent un dispositif de blocage selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention. Ce dispositif de blocage comporte un corps de verrou 201 qui comporte une embase 202. Cette embase 202 comporte une paroi inférieure 2020, deux parois latérales d'appui 205 destinées à venir en contact avec les parois latérales de la rainure 206 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est en position serrée, et deux parois latérales d'accrochage 2021 . Cette embase 202 est conformée de façon à : Figures 14 to 16 show a locking device according to one embodiment of the invention. This locking device comprises a lock body 201 which comprises a base 202. This base 202 comprises a bottom wall 2020, two lateral bearing walls 205 intended to come into contact with the side walls of the groove 206 when the locking device is in a tight position, and two lateral attachment walls 2021. This base 202 is shaped so as to:
- pouvoir coulisser dans une rainure 206 d'une gorge de turbomachine lorsque le dispositif de blocage est desserré, et de manière à - Being able to slide in a groove 206 of a turbomachine groove when the locking device is loosened, and so as to
- ce que ses parois latérales d'appui 205 viennent en appui axial contre les parois latérales 204 de la rainure 206 lorsque le dispositif de blocage est serré de façon à empêcher le dispositif de blocage de sortir de la rainure 206.  its lateral bearing walls 205 bear against the lateral walls 204 of the groove 206 when the locking device is tightened so as to prevent the locking device from coming out of the groove 206.
Cette embase 202 est percée par un taraudage 203 pourvu d'un filetage. This base 202 is pierced by a tapping 203 provided with a thread.
Le dispositif de blocage comporte également une vis 207 qui s'étend suivant un axe de référence 208. La vis 207 comporte un fût 209 pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage du corps de verrou. Le fût 209 comporte une première extrémité 2010 pourvue d'une tête de vis 201 1 et une deuxième extrémité 2012 pourvue de moyens de serrage 2013 aptes à coopérer avec une clef de serrage. The locking device also comprises a screw 207 which extends along a reference axis 208. The screw 207 comprises a barrel 209 provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the lock body. The barrel 209 has a first end 2010 provided with a screw head 201 1 and a second end 2012 provided with clamping means 2013 adapted to cooperate with a wrench.
La vis 207 est insérée dans le taraudage du corps de verrou 201 . Le dispositif de blocage peut être placé dans une position desserrée dans laquelle il peut se déplacer dans la rainure 206. La position desserrée est une position dans laquelle la tête de vis 201 1 est suffisamment proche du corps de verrou 201 pour que le dispositif de blocage puisse se déplacer dans la rainure sans buter contre son fond 2014 ou contre ses bordures supérieures 2015. The screw 207 is inserted into the tapping of the lock body 201. The locking device can be placed in a loose position in which it can move in the groove 206. The loosened position is a position in which the screw head 201 1 is sufficiently close to the lock body 201 so that the locking device can move in the groove without bumping against its bottom 2014 or against its upper edges 2015.
Le dispositif de blocage peut également être placé dans une position serrée, dans laquelle il est immobilisé dans la rainure 206. Pour cela, la tête de verrou 201 1 est en appui contre le fond 2014 de la rainure 206, tandis que l'embase 202 est en appui contre la bordure supérieure 2015 de la rainure. La position serrée est donc la position dans laquelle la tête de vis 201 1 est suffisamment éloignée du corps de verrou 201 pour que la tête de vis 201 1 soit en appui contre le fond 2014 tandis que l'embase est en appui contre la bordure supérieure 2015. Le dispositif de blocage comporte également une plaquette de freinage 2016. Cette plaquette de freinage 2016 est située entre le corps de verrou 201 et la tête de vis 201 1 . La plaquette de freinage 2016 est immobilisée axialement par rapport au corps de verrou et de préférence solidaire du corps de verrou, de sorte qu'elle ne peut effectuer aucun mouvement par rapport au corps de verrou 201 , ce qui permet de limiter les risques de détérioration de la plaquette de freinage 2016 par vibrations. The locking device can also be placed in a tight position, in which it is immobilized in the groove 206. For this, the lock head 201 1 bears against the bottom 2014 of the groove 206, while the base 202 is in support against the upper edge 2015 of the groove. The tight position is therefore the position in which the screw head 201 1 is sufficiently far away from the lock body 201 so that the screw head 201 1 bears against the bottom 2014 while the base is in abutment against the upper edge 2015. The locking device also includes a brake pad 2016. This brake pad 2016 is located between the lock body 201 and the screw head 201 1. The braking pad 2016 is immobilized axially relative to the lock body and preferably secured to the lock body, so that it can perform no movement relative to the lock body 201, which limits the risk of deterioration of the 2016 brake pad by vibration.
Pour cela, la plaquette de freinage est de préférence formée d'une plaque 2017 qui épouse l'embase 202 du corps de verrou 201 . La plaque 2017 comporte donc une base 2022 en appui axial contre la paroi inférieure 2020 du corps de verrou. La plaque 2017 comporte également deux branches 2023 qui s'étendent suivant des directions sensiblement perpendiculaires à la direction de la base 2022. Chaque branche 2023 longe une des parois latérales d'accroché 2021 du corps de verrou. La plaque 2017 présente donc sensiblement une section en forme de U. La base 2022 de la plaque 2017 est percée d'un trou 2018 de façon à ce que le fût 209 de la vis puisse passer à travers ce trou 2018. La plaquette de freinage 2016 est solidarisée au corps de verrou 201 grâce à : For this, the brake pad is preferably formed of a plate 2017 which fits the base 202 of the lock body 201. The plate 2017 therefore comprises a base 2022 bearing axially against the lower wall 2020 of the lock body. The plate 2017 also comprises two branches 2023 which extend in directions substantially perpendicular to the direction of the base 2022. Each branch 2023 runs along one of the hooked side walls 2021 of the lock body. The plate 2017 thus has substantially a U-shaped section. The base 2022 of the plate 2017 is pierced with a hole 2018 so that the barrel 209 of the screw can pass through this hole 2018. The brake pad 2016 is secured to the lock body 201 thanks to:
- deux fenêtres d'accrochage 2019, chaque fenêtre d'accrochage 2019 étant percée dans une des branches 2023 de la plaquette de freinage ; - deux parties en saillie 2024, chaque partie en saillie 2024 faisant saillie radialement des parois latérales d'accrochage 2021 du corps de verrou. - Two 2019 hanging windows, each 2019 hanging window being pierced in one of the branches 2023 of the brake pad; two protruding parts 2024, each projecting portion 2024 projecting radially from the latching lateral walls 2021 of the lock body.
Chaque partie en saillie 2024 est insérée dans une des fenêtres d'accrochage 2019. Lorsque les deux parties en saillie 2024 sont insérées dans les fenêtres d'accrochage 2019, la base 2022 de la plaquette de freinage 2016 est en appui contre la partie inférieure 2020 de l'embase 202, et les branches 2023 de la plaquette de freinage 2016 sont en appui contre les parois latérales d'accrochage 2021 , de sorte que la plaquette de freinage 2016 est immobilisée axialement et radialement par rapport au corps de verrou. Each projecting portion 2024 is inserted in one of the attachment windows 2019. When the two projecting parts 2024 are inserted in the attachment windows 2019, the base 2022 of the brake pad 2016 is in abutment against the lower part 2020 of the base 202, and the branches 2023 of the brake pad 2016 are in abutment against the lateral attachment walls 2021, so that the brake pad 2016 is immobilized axially and radially relative to the lock body.
Afin d'empêcher le desserrage du dispositif de blocage, la plaquette de freinage 2016 est pourvue de deux doigts 2030. Chaque doigt 2030 est disposé entre le corps de verrou 201 et la tête de vis 201 1 . Chaque doigt 2030 comporte une partie principale 2031 qui s'étend axialement depuis la branche 2023 de la plaquette de freinage. Le doigt comporte également une extrémité recourbée depuis la partie principale qui forme l'extrémité de blocage 2032. Cette extrémité de blocage 2032 s'étend radialement. Cette extrémité de blocage 2032 est agencée de manière à empêcher la tête de vis de se rapprocher du corps de verrou 201 , de façon à éviter le desserrage du dispositif de blocage. In order to prevent loosening of the locking device, the brake pad 2016 is provided with two fingers 2030. Each finger 2030 is disposed between the lock body 201 and the screw head 201 1. Each finger 2030 has a main portion 2031 which extends axially from the branch 2023 of the brake pad. The finger also has an end curved from the main part which forms the locking end 2032. This locking end 2032 extends radially. This locking end 2032 is arranged to prevent the screw head from approaching the lock body 201, so as to avoid loosening of the locking device.
Pour cela, la tête de vis peut par exemple comporter une face d'arrêt 2033 qui est en face du corps de verrou 201 . Les extrémités de blocage 2032 sont alors en appui axial contre cette face d'arrêt 2033 de sorte que la tête de vis 201 1 ne peut pas se rapprocher du corps de verrou. Ce mode de réalisation est représenté sur les figures 15 et 16. Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la vis peut comporter une nervure circonférentielle 2034 creusée dans le fût de la vis. La nervure circonférentielle 2034 est située entre le filetage de la vis et la tête de vis. La nervure circonférentielle 2034 est de préférence située juste au-dessus de la tête de vis, de sorte qu'une des parois de la nervure circonférentielle 2034 est formée par une face d'arrêt 2033 de la tête de vis 201 1 . L'extrémité de blocage 2032 est alors de préférence insérée dans la nervure circonférentielle. Naturellement, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits en référence aux figures et des variantes pourraient être envisagées sans sortir du cadre de l'invention. Par exemple, la vis pourrait présenter d'autres géométries, tout comme le corps de verrou. For this purpose, the screw head may for example comprise a stop face 2033 which faces the lock body 201. The locking ends 2032 are then in axial abutment against this stop face 2033 so that the screw head 201 1 can not get closer to the lock body. This embodiment is shown in Figures 15 and 16. According to another embodiment, the screw may comprise a circumferential rib 2034 dug in the barrel of the screw. The circumferential rib 2034 is located between the thread of the screw and the screw head. The circumferential rib 2034 is preferably located just above the screw head, so that one of the walls circumferential rib 2034 is formed by a stop face 2033 of the screw head 201 1. The locking end 2032 is then preferably inserted into the circumferential rib. Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants could be envisaged without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the screw could have other geometries, just like the lock body.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Dispositif de blocage d'aubes dans une rainure (6) d'un disque de turbomachine, le dispositif comportant : 1. Device for blocking vanes in a groove (6) of a turbomachine disk, the device comprising:
Une vis (7) s'étendant suivant un axe de référence (8), la vis (7) comportant un fût (9) pourvu d'un filetage, la vis (7) comportant une tête de vis (1 1 , 1 1 ');  A screw (7) extending along a reference axis (8), the screw (7) having a shaft (9) provided with a thread, the screw (7) having a screw head (1 1, 1 1 ');
Un corps de verrou (1 ) percé par un taraudage pourvu d'un filetage complémentaire du filetage de la vis ;  A bolt body (1) pierced by a tapping provided with a complementary thread of the thread of the screw;
Une plaquette de freinage (16) comportant au moins deux languettes de freinage (29) en appui radial contre la tête de vis (1 1 , 1 1 '), les languettes de freinage (29) et la tête de vis (1 1 , 1 1 ') étant agencés de manière à freiner la rotation de la vis (7) au moins dans un sens par rapport à la plaquette de freinage (16);  A braking pad (16) having at least two braking tongues (29) bearing radially against the screw head (1 1, 1 1 '), the braking tongues (29) and the screw head (1 1, 1 1 ') being arranged to brake the rotation of the screw (7) at least in one direction with respect to the brake pad (16);
caractérisé en ce la plaquette de freinage (16) est solidaire du corps de verroucharacterized in that the brake pad (16) is integral with the lock body
(1 )- (1) -
2. Dispositif de blocage selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la plaquette de freinage (16) est formée par une plaque (17) qui épouse le corps de verrou (1 ). 2. Locking device according to the preceding claim, wherein the brake pad (16) is formed by a plate (17) which mates with the lock body (1).
3. Dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les deux languettes de freinage (29) sont diamétralement opposées par rapport à la tête de vis (1 1 , 1 1 '). 3. Blocking device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the two braking tongues (29) are diametrically opposed relative to the screw head (1 1, 1 1 ').
4. Dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la plaquette de freinage (16) comporte au moins une fenêtre d'accrochage (19), le corps de verrou (1 ) comportant au moins une partie en saillie (24), la partie en saillie (24) étant insérée dans la fenêtre d'accrochage4. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the brake pad (16) comprises at least one attachment window (19), the lock body (1) having at least one projecting portion (24). ), the projecting portion (24) being inserted into the hanging window
(19). (19).
5. Dispositif selon la revendication précédente, dans lequel la plaquette de freinage comporte deux fenêtres d'accrochage (19), le corps de verrou (1 ) comportant deux parties en saillie (24), chaque partie en saillie (24) étant insérée dans une des fenêtres d'accrochage (19). 5. Device according to the preceding claim, wherein the brake pad comprises two latching windows (19), the lock body (1) having two projecting parts (24), each projecting portion (24) being inserted in one of the hanging windows (19).
6. Dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications 2 à 5, dans lequel la plaque (17) est percée d'un trou (18) traversé par la vis (7). 6. Blocking device according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the plate (17) is pierced with a hole (18) through which the screw (7).
7. Dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel la tête de vis présente une surface extérieure formée de pans (25, 27) séparés par des discontinuités (26, 28), chaque languette de freinage (29) étant en appui radial contre un des pans (25, 27) de la tête de vis. 7. Locking device according to one of the preceding claims wherein the screw head has an outer surface formed of sections (25, 27) separated by discontinuities (26, 28), each braking tongue (29) being supported radial against one of the faces (25, 27) of the screw head.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la tête de vis (1 1 ) présente des dimensions radiales au niveau des discontinuités (26, 28) différentes des dimensions radiales de la tête de vis (1 1 ) au niveau des pans (25, 27). 8. Device according to claim 7, wherein the screw head (1 1) has radial dimensions at the discontinuities (26, 28) different from the radial dimensions of the screw head (1 1) at the sides (25). , 27).
9. Dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, dans lequel les pans (25, 27) de la tête de vis (1 1 ) sont séparés par des arêtes. 9. Blocking device according to one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the sections (25, 27) of the screw head (1 1) are separated by ridges.
10. Turbomachine comportant un dispositif de blocage selon l'une des revendications précédentes. 10. Turbomachine comprising a locking device according to one of the preceding claims.
PCT/FR2012/050583 2011-03-21 2012-03-20 Device for locking blades in a groove of a turbomachine disc WO2012131227A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1152331 2011-03-21
FR1152331A FR2973068B1 (en) 2011-03-21 2011-03-21 DEVICE FOR BLOCKING AUBES IN A GROOVE OF A TURBOMACHINE DISK
FR1152328 2011-03-21
FR1152328A FR2973066B1 (en) 2011-03-21 2011-03-21 DEVICE FOR BLOCKING AUBES IN A GROOVE OF A TURBOMACHINE DISK
FR1152329 2011-03-21
FR1152329A FR2973067B1 (en) 2011-03-21 2011-03-21 DEVICE FOR BLOCKING AUBES IN A GROOVE OF A TURBOMACHINE DISK

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012131227A1 true WO2012131227A1 (en) 2012-10-04
WO2012131227A9 WO2012131227A9 (en) 2012-11-08

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PCT/FR2012/050583 WO2012131227A1 (en) 2011-03-21 2012-03-20 Device for locking blades in a groove of a turbomachine disc

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103726885A (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-16 航空技术空间股份有限公司 Lock for drum blades in a circumferential rotor groove

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1164251A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-19 Snecma Moteurs Rotor blade locking means
FR2832455A1 (en) 2001-11-22 2003-05-23 Snecma Moteurs Turbine disc blade root fastening has locking element in gap between two adjacent blade roots

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1164251A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2001-12-19 Snecma Moteurs Rotor blade locking means
FR2832455A1 (en) 2001-11-22 2003-05-23 Snecma Moteurs Turbine disc blade root fastening has locking element in gap between two adjacent blade roots
EP1314856A1 (en) * 2001-11-22 2003-05-28 Snecma Moteurs Device for locking blades in a disk groove

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103726885A (en) * 2012-10-12 2014-04-16 航空技术空间股份有限公司 Lock for drum blades in a circumferential rotor groove

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