WO2012130008A1 - Svc reactive predictive compensation method for rectifier load - Google Patents
Svc reactive predictive compensation method for rectifier load Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012130008A1 WO2012130008A1 PCT/CN2012/071647 CN2012071647W WO2012130008A1 WO 2012130008 A1 WO2012130008 A1 WO 2012130008A1 CN 2012071647 W CN2012071647 W CN 2012071647W WO 2012130008 A1 WO2012130008 A1 WO 2012130008A1
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- reactive power
- rectifier
- svc
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1842—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein at least one reactive element is actively controlled by a bridge converter, e.g. active filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1821—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators
- H02J3/1835—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control
- H02J3/1864—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using shunt compensators with stepless control wherein the stepless control of reactive power is obtained by at least one reactive element connected in series with a semiconductor switch
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/10—Flexible AC transmission systems [FACTS]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/20—Active power filtering [APF]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high voltage SVC and high current rectifier device for use in a field where a rectifier is used as a load power supply and requires reactive compensation.
- SVC static reactive power compensation equipment is the most widely used and most mature reactive power compensation equipment. By controlling the thyristor firing angle of the compensation reactor branch to adjust the impedance value of the branch, and matching with the filter, the power is achieved. Reactive power support in the system power supply area or reactive power compensation of large power users.
- the application of SVC to the power system can enhance the power transmission of the system and improve the stability of the power system. It has functions such as damping power oscillation and suppressing subsynchronous oscillation and power factor compensation.
- SVC can be applied to large power users to increase the user's power factor, save money, stabilize the bus voltage, and suppress harmonic injection into the power system.
- SVC is applied to the large metallurgical load of the rectifier as the power supply. It also detects the grid voltage current operation parameters or directly detects the load voltage and current parameters to calculate the required compensation amount to control the reactive output of the SVC equipment.
- the response time is as fast as 10ms.
- the reactive power compensation device can compensate more quickly to suppress the voltage flicker and achieve the best compensation effect.
- SVG equipment can meet the needs of users.
- the price of SVG equipment is much higher than that of SVC equipment. Therefore, the new compensation method of SVC equipment is sought to improve its response time, so as to broaden the application field of SVC equipment and effectively extend the service time of SVC equipment. The urgent task of the manufacturer.
- T 0KaMaK a ring-shaped electromagnetic plasma device.
- ITER International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
- the tokamak device ensures heat generation through the short-circuit winding in the electromagnetic system and its temperature and the current flowing through it (it has a complementary heating system) and ensures the plasma with the help of a strong electromagnetic field.
- the Tokamak electromagnetic system uses a DC power supply to ensure plasma generation and correct its polarity, using a thyristor rectifier in the form of a three-phase bridge, which is connected under a power 66kV bus transformer.
- the electromagnetic power system and the plasma heating system have rectification characteristics in a pulse state.
- the storage of energy in the electromagnetic system is at the end of the process and is supplied to the grid in a rectified state in the inverted state. Worked in this There will be a lot of rapid reactive impact in the process.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method based on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, which predicts load reactive power through a DC power supply, and implements a load tokamak entirely by the SVC device.
- ITER International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor
- the effective compensation of a large number of fast reactive power surges during the working process of the device, the short response time of the SVC device can achieve the purpose of rapid compensation of reactive power, can effectively suppress the impact of reactive power on the power grid, and eliminate the occurrence of voltage flicker.
- a rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method comprising the following steps:
- the rectifier controller calculates the reactive power to be generated while calculating the firing angle, and converts the rectifier reactive power into a standard signal of 4 mA to 20 mA, and transmits it to the SVC controller;
- the SVC controller receives the predicted reactive power from the rectifier controller, collects the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker, and simultaneously collects the grid current and the grid voltage signal for the calculation of the reactive compensation amount, and finally uses the firing angle mode.
- SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode control strategy The SVC controller determines whether the filter branch is put into operation by detecting the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker. When the filter branch circuit breaker is closed, the Sfcn status indication is 1 ; When the filter path breaker is opened, the Sfcn state value is 0; multiply the state quantity of each filter branch by the reactive power fixed compensation amount of the branch and then sum, then obtain the filter branch without Workload
- the load reactive power of a six-pulse rectifier is the primary side bus voltage rating of the rectifier transformer.
- the trigger angle for the rectifier is the DC current reference value, ie the rectifier control DC target value: for the rectifier transformer ratio
- ⁇ is the primary side system inductance value of the rectifier transformer
- the reactive power of the rectifier series-parallel group composed of multiple six-pulse rectifiers is the sum of the reactive power of each rectifier, and the calculation formula is - 4 QwS +, " ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4: ⁇ : s
- 1, 2, . . . . 1 is the first, second, and nth six-pulse rectifiers.
- the beneficial effect of the invention is that the rectifier controller calculates the reactive power to be generated by the load while calculating the firing angle, and transmits the reactive power to the SVC controller;
- the reactive power compensation can be accurately triggered in advance, which effectively reduces the response time of the SVC and achieves the purpose of fast compensation of reactive power.
- the application on the rectifier device shows that the reactive power compensation response time of the invention can be shortened to about 3ms, effectively suppressing the impact of reactive power on the power grid and eliminating the occurrence of voltage flicker.
- FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for a rectifier load
- FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for a rectifier load
- Figure 3 is a basic structure diagram of a series of parallel connection of multiple three-phase full-controlled bridge rectifiers
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the control strategy of the SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for rectifier load. detailed description
- SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for rectifier load The technical key of this method lies in: First, how the rectifier controller accurately predicts the reactive power value of the DC load response on the grid side; Second, SVC control The system monitors the state of the filter branch; the third is the correction of the SVC compensation accuracy. 4. The time difference between the time when the reactive power is generated by the SVC device and the reactive power generated by the rectifier is 3ms ⁇ 4ms, and the response time is short.
- the rectifier controller fully considers the influence of the voltage drop caused by the commutation impedance of the rectifier, and adjusts the calculation method in the presence of the SVC reactive power compensation device.
- the calculation method of rectifier load reactive power is as follows:
- ⁇ is the primary side bus voltage rating of the rectifier transformer
- ⁇ is the commutation overlap angle of the rectifier at the firing angle.
- Rectifier firing angle «/ is the DC current reference value, that is, the rectifier control DC target value ⁇ is the rectifier transformer ratio s is the rectifier side primary side system inductance value
- the reactive power of the series-parallel group of rectifiers composed of multiple six-pulse rectifiers is the sum of the reactive power of each rectifier, and the calculation formula is -
- the SVC reactive power prediction compensation method of the rectifier load of the present invention does not directly rely on detecting the voltage and current of the system for reactive power adjustment, in addition to the load reactive power compensation of the rectifier, the reactive branch is also required according to the filter branch. Investing and reversing the situation to adjust the compensation amount to avoid reactive power shock during the SVC input and exit process.
- the SVC controller determines whether the filter branch is put into operation by detecting the switching state of the filter branch.
- the Sfcn status is indicated as 1; when the filter is disconnected After the device is opened, the Sfcn status value is 0.
- the reactive power of each filter branch is obtained.
- the reactive power of the filter branch is capacitive reactive. In the SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode, the capacitive reactive power is defined as positive, and the inductive reactive power is defined as negative.
- the working process of the SVC reactive power compensation compensation mode control strategy is as follows: When the filter branch is input, the amount of reactive power to be compensated by the SVC increases, the TCR firing angle becomes smaller, and the corresponding inductive reactive power is output; , SVC needs The compensated reactive power is reduced, the TCR firing angle is increased, and the output corresponding inductive reactive power is reduced. When the load inductive reactive power increases, the total amount of reactive power to be compensated by the SVC decreases, the TCR firing angle becomes larger, and the output corresponding inductive reactive power decreases. If the system reactive power has a stable deviation after the predicted compensation, the PI adjustment link is activated to eliminate the stability error of the compensation.
- Qfcn is the compensation reactive power value of each filter channel.
- Sfcn is the switching state of each filter channel
- Qyc calculates the reactive power output for the rectifier controller.
- Qsr is the system incoming line SVC reactive power compensation target reactive power value
- Qs is the reactive power detection value of the system incoming line
- the integrated load compensated by the SVC equipment includes the filter FC, the Tokemark device powered by the rectifier, and other auxiliary power loads under the same busbar power supply. If the load other than the rectifier main power source is not considered, the SVC device effect will appear. Certain deviation. Therefore, while receiving the rectifier to predict the reactive power, the SVC device adds integral adjustment to ensure the steady-state compensation effect of the SVC compensator, and also corrects the compensation deviation caused by the reactive power calculation error of the rectifier controller.
- the lead compensation or the lag compensation will not achieve the desired flicker suppression effect.
- the final response time is determined to be 3ms ⁇ 4ms, which fully achieves the compensation effect of preventing reactive shock and suppressing flicker.
- Test conditions The voltage on the AC side of the rectifier is 113V, and the DC current is reduced from 40kA at 1000kA/s to the SVC compensation effect of the process.
- the response time is about 10ms, and the full compensation time is about 60ms.
- the response time is only 3ms ⁇ 4ms, and the full compensation time is about 20ms.
- the experiment proves that the compensation method has the remarkable characteristics of fast response time compared with the traditional SVC compensation method. It can effectively suppress the system voltage flicker problem under the condition of reactive power shock load with fast and large capacity.
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Abstract
A static VAR compensator (SVC) reactive predictive compensation method for rectifier load, the method comprises the following steps: 1) a rectifier controller calculating a triggering angle and simultaneously calculating the reactive power to be generated by a load, and transmitting the rectifier load reactive power to an SVC controller; 2) the SVC controller receiving the predicted reactive power sent by the rectifier controller, collecting the switching state of a filter branch circuit breaker, and simultaneously collecting a power grid current and power grid voltage signal for calculating reactive compensation quantity, and finally realizing trigger control compensation with the trigger angle method; and 3) after predictive compensation, compensating a deviation caused by the reactive power calculation via a PI governing loop. The method can effectively compensate a large amount of rapid reactive impact in the working process of the load via a SVC device, and the SVC device has short response time, thus able to achieve the objective of rapid reactive power compensation, and can effectively inhibit the impact of the reaction to the power grid, thereby eliminating voltage flicker.
Description
一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法 技术领域 SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for rectifier load
本发明涉及高压 SVC及大电流整流器设备, 应用于整流器作为负荷供电电源并需要无 功补偿的领域。 背景技术 The present invention relates to a high voltage SVC and high current rectifier device for use in a field where a rectifier is used as a load power supply and requires reactive compensation. Background technique
SVC静止型无功补偿设备是目前应用最为广泛、技术最为成熟的无功补偿设备,通过控 制补偿电抗器支路的晶闸管触发角来调节支路的阻抗值, 并与滤波器配合, 达到对电力系统 供电区域的无功支撑或大型电力用户的无功补偿。 SVC应用于电力系统可以增强系统输电能 力, 提高电力系统稳定性, 具有阻尼功率振荡和抑制次同步振荡、 功率因数的补偿等功能; SVC static reactive power compensation equipment is the most widely used and most mature reactive power compensation equipment. By controlling the thyristor firing angle of the compensation reactor branch to adjust the impedance value of the branch, and matching with the filter, the power is achieved. Reactive power support in the system power supply area or reactive power compensation of large power users. The application of SVC to the power system can enhance the power transmission of the system and improve the stability of the power system. It has functions such as damping power oscillation and suppressing subsynchronous oscillation and power factor compensation.
SVC应用于大型电力用户可以提高用户的功率因数, 节约开支, 并稳定母线电压, 抑制谐波 注入电力系统。 SVC can be applied to large power users to increase the user's power factor, save money, stabilize the bus voltage, and suppress harmonic injection into the power system.
传统方式下, SVC应用于整流器作为供电电源的大型冶金负荷,也采用检测电网电压电 流运行参数或直接检测负荷电压电流参数来计算所需补偿量, 以控制 SVC设备的无功输出。 在传统采样计算补偿方式, 受采样滤波延时及 SVC设备的固有触发方式约束, 其响应时间 最快为 10ms左右。 In the traditional mode, SVC is applied to the large metallurgical load of the rectifier as the power supply. It also detects the grid voltage current operation parameters or directly detects the load voltage and current parameters to calculate the required compensation amount to control the reactive output of the SVC equipment. In the traditional sampling calculation compensation method, subject to the sampling filter delay and the inherent trigger mode of the SVC device, the response time is as fast as 10ms.
当用户负荷冲击量大且频繁而快速时, 则希望无功补偿设备能更加快速地补偿, 以抑制 电压闪变, 达到最佳的补偿效果。 SVG设备可满足用户需求, 但目前 SVG设备价格远高于 SVC设备,故寻求 SVC设备新的补偿方式以提高其响应时间,以拓宽 SVC设备的应用领域、 有效延长 SVC设备的服务时间, 成为 SVC生产厂商的迫切任务。 When the user's load impact is large and frequent and fast, it is hoped that the reactive power compensation device can compensate more quickly to suppress the voltage flicker and achieve the best compensation effect. SVG equipment can meet the needs of users. However, the price of SVG equipment is much higher than that of SVC equipment. Therefore, the new compensation method of SVC equipment is sought to improve its response time, so as to broaden the application field of SVC equipment and effectively extend the service time of SVC equipment. The urgent task of the manufacturer.
为了使核反应堆得到超高温度, 当今最广泛的应用托卡马克装置(T0KaMaK): 环状电磁 等离子体装置。在近期将由若干工业国家在法国共同来完成这个项目。这个项目的名称为国 际热核聚变实验反应堆 (ITER)。 In order to obtain ultra-high temperature for nuclear reactors, the most widely used tokamak device (T 0KaMaK ) is today: a ring-shaped electromagnetic plasma device. This project will be completed in France by several industrial countries in the near future. The name of this project is the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).
托卡马克装置是通过电磁系统中的短路绕组和它的温度以及流过它的电流来保证热量 的产生 (它拥有补充的发热系统), 并在强力电磁场的帮助下确保等离子体的实现。 The tokamak device ensures heat generation through the short-circuit winding in the electromagnetic system and its temperature and the current flowing through it (it has a complementary heating system) and ensures the plasma with the help of a strong electromagnetic field.
托卡马克电磁系统是用直流电源来保证等离子体的产生并且校正其极性,利用三相桥接 线形式的可控硅整流器来完成, 整流器连接在动力 66kV母线变压器之下。 The Tokamak electromagnetic system uses a DC power supply to ensure plasma generation and correct its polarity, using a thyristor rectifier in the form of a three-phase bridge, which is connected under a power 66kV bus transformer.
电磁电源系统和等离子体加热系统拥有在脉冲状态下的整流特性。能量即在电磁系统中 的储存是在这个过程的最后环节, 并在逆变的状态下以整流形式提供给电网。在这个工作过
程中会出现大量快速的无功冲击。 The electromagnetic power system and the plasma heating system have rectification characteristics in a pulse state. The storage of energy in the electromagnetic system is at the end of the process and is supplied to the grid in a rectified state in the inverted state. Worked in this There will be a lot of rapid reactive impact in the process.
目前, SVC设备针对整流器负荷的无功预测补偿方式未见报道。 发明内容 At present, the reactive power compensation method for SVC equipment for rectifier load has not been reported. Summary of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法, 该方法基于国际热核 聚变实验反应堆 (ITER) 项目, 通过直流电源预测负荷无功, 完全由 SVC装置实现对负荷 托卡马克装置工作过程中出现的大量快速无功冲击的有效补偿, SVC装置响应时间短,可达 到无功功率快速补偿的目的, 可有效抑制无功对电网的冲击, 消除了电压闪变的发生。 The object of the present invention is to provide a rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method based on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) project, which predicts load reactive power through a DC power supply, and implements a load tokamak entirely by the SVC device. The effective compensation of a large number of fast reactive power surges during the working process of the device, the short response time of the SVC device can achieve the purpose of rapid compensation of reactive power, can effectively suppress the impact of reactive power on the power grid, and eliminate the occurrence of voltage flicker.
为实现上述目的, 本发明通过以下技术方案实现: To achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法, 该方法包括以下步骤: A rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method, the method comprising the following steps:
1 ) 整流器控制器在计算出触发角的同时计算出负荷即将产生的无功功率, 并将该整流 器负荷无功功率转换为 4mA〜20mA的标准信号, 传输至 SVC控制器; 1) The rectifier controller calculates the reactive power to be generated while calculating the firing angle, and converts the rectifier reactive power into a standard signal of 4 mA to 20 mA, and transmits it to the SVC controller;
2) SVC控制器接收整流器控制器发出的预测无功功率, 采集滤波器支路断路器的开关 状态, 同时采集电网电流和电网电压信号, 用于无功补偿量的计算, 最终以触发角方式实现 触发控制补偿; 2) The SVC controller receives the predicted reactive power from the rectifier controller, collects the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker, and simultaneously collects the grid current and the grid voltage signal for the calculation of the reactive compensation amount, and finally uses the firing angle mode. Implement trigger control compensation;
3 ) SVC无功预测补偿方式控制策略: SVC控制器通过检测滤波器支路断路器的开关状 态来判定滤波器支路是否投入工作, 当滤波器支路断路器合闸后, Sfcn状态指示为 1 ; 当滤 波器去路断路器分闸后, Sfcn状态值为 0; 用各滤波器支路状态量乘以该支路的无功功率固 定补偿量然后求和后, 得到各滤波支路的无功量; 3) SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode control strategy: The SVC controller determines whether the filter branch is put into operation by detecting the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker. When the filter branch circuit breaker is closed, the Sfcn status indication is 1 ; When the filter path breaker is opened, the Sfcn state value is 0; multiply the state quantity of each filter branch by the reactive power fixed compensation amount of the branch and then sum, then obtain the filter branch without Workload
4) 在预测补偿后, 系统无功功率出现稳定偏差, 则通过 PI调节环节补偿无功功率计算 引起的偏差。 4) After the predicted compensation, the system reactive power has a stable deviation, and the deviation caused by the reactive power calculation is compensated by the PI adjustment link.
所述的每一台六脉整流器负荷无功功率的计算公式为: The calculation formula of each of the six-pulse rectifier load reactive power is:
^;为一台六脉整流器的负荷无功功率 为整流变压器一次侧母线电压额定值 为整流器在触发角 下的换相重叠角
« 为整流器触发角 为直流电流参考值, 即整流器控制直流目标值 : 为整流变压器变比 ^; The load reactive power of a six-pulse rectifier is the primary side bus voltage rating of the rectifier transformer. The commutation overlap angle of the rectifier at the firing angle « The trigger angle for the rectifier is the DC current reference value, ie the rectifier control DC target value: for the rectifier transformer ratio
^ 为整流变压器一次侧系统电感值 ^ is the primary side system inductance value of the rectifier transformer
多台六脉波整流器组成的整流器串并联组的无功功率为各台整流器无功功率之和,计算 公式为- 4 QwS +、" Φ ¾:^: s The reactive power of the rectifier series-parallel group composed of multiple six-pulse rectifiers is the sum of the reactive power of each rectifier, and the calculation formula is - 4 QwS +, " Φ 3⁄4:^: s
其中: 1、 2、 . . .!1为第 1台、 第 2台、 第 n台六脉波整流器。 Among them: 1, 2, . . . . 1 is the first, second, and nth six-pulse rectifiers.
与现有技术相比, 本发明的有益效果是- 整流器控制器在计算出触发角的同时计算出负荷即将产生的无功功率, 并将该无功功率 传输至 SVC控制器; SVC设备在无需计算负荷无功功率的情况下, 便可预先准确触发进行 无功补偿, 有效的缩减了 SVC的响应时间, 达到无功功率快速补偿的目的。 在整流器设备 上应用表明,本发明无功补偿响应时间可缩短至 3ms左右,有效的抑制了无功对电网的冲击, 消除了电压闪变的发生。 附图说明 Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the invention is that the rectifier controller calculates the reactive power to be generated by the load while calculating the firing angle, and transmits the reactive power to the SVC controller; When calculating the reactive power of the load, the reactive power compensation can be accurately triggered in advance, which effectively reduces the response time of the SVC and achieves the purpose of fast compensation of reactive power. The application on the rectifier device shows that the reactive power compensation response time of the invention can be shortened to about 3ms, effectively suppressing the impact of reactive power on the power grid and eliminating the occurrence of voltage flicker. DRAWINGS
图 1是整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法的结构框图; 1 is a structural block diagram of a SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for a rectifier load;
图 2是整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法的控制框图; 2 is a control block diagram of a SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for a rectifier load;
图 3是多台三相全控桥式整流器串并联基本结构图; Figure 3 is a basic structure diagram of a series of parallel connection of multiple three-phase full-controlled bridge rectifiers;
图 4是整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法的控制策略框图。 具体实施方式 Figure 4 is a block diagram of the control strategy of the SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for rectifier load. detailed description
见图 1-图 4, 整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法, 该方法的技术关键在于, 一是整 流器控制器如何准确预测计算直流负荷反应在电网侧的无功功率量值; 二是 SVC控制系统 对滤波支路状态的监视; 三是 SVC补偿精度的校正。 四、 SVC设备发出无功功率时刻与整 流器产生的无功功率时刻的时间差为 3ms~4ms, 响应时间短。 See Figure 1 - Figure 4, SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for rectifier load. The technical key of this method lies in: First, how the rectifier controller accurately predicts the reactive power value of the DC load response on the grid side; Second, SVC control The system monitors the state of the filter branch; the third is the correction of the SVC compensation accuracy. 4. The time difference between the time when the reactive power is generated by the SVC device and the reactive power generated by the rectifier is 3ms~4ms, and the response time is short.
如果整流器无功计算不准确, 则会直接影响闪变的抑制效果。所以整流器控制器在计算 负荷无功功率时,充分考虑了整流器由于换流阻抗引起的电压降落的影响, 同时对存在 SVC 无功补偿设备情况下的计算方式做了相应调整。
整流器负荷无功功率的计算方法如下: If the rectifier reactive power calculation is not accurate, it will directly affect the suppression of flicker. Therefore, when calculating the reactive power of the load, the rectifier controller fully considers the influence of the voltage drop caused by the commutation impedance of the rectifier, and adjusts the calculation method in the presence of the SVC reactive power compensation device. The calculation method of rectifier load reactive power is as follows:
每一台六脉整流器负荷无功功率的计算公式为: The calculation formula for the reactive power of each six-pulse rectifier is:
Γ l « K 6 D 1 3 其中- ^;为一台六脉整流器的负荷无功功率 Γ l « K 6 D 1 3 where - ^; is the reactive power of a six-pulse rectifier
^∞ 为整流变压器一次侧母线电压额定值 ^∞ is the primary side bus voltage rating of the rectifier transformer
^ 为整流器在触发角 下的换相重叠角 为整流器触发角 «/ 为直流电流参考值, 即整流器控制直流目标值 ^ 为整流变压器变比 s 为整流变压器一次侧系统电感值 ^ is the commutation overlap angle of the rectifier at the firing angle. Rectifier firing angle «/ is the DC current reference value, that is, the rectifier control DC target value ^ is the rectifier transformer ratio s is the rectifier side primary side system inductance value
多台六脉波整流器组成的整流器串并联组的无功功率为各台整流器无功功率之和,计算 公式为- The reactive power of the series-parallel group of rectifiers composed of multiple six-pulse rectifiers is the sum of the reactive power of each rectifier, and the calculation formula is -
― + +…+ 其中: 1、 2、 . . .!1为第 1台、 第 2台、 第 n台六脉波整流器。 ― + +...+ where: 1, 2, . . . . 1 is the first, second, and nth six-pulse rectifiers.
由于本发明整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法不直接依靠检测系统电压电流来进行 无功调节, 所以在进行无功补偿时除了需要考虑整流器的负荷无功补偿外, 还要根据滤波支 路的投入和切除情况进行补偿量的调整, 避免在 SVC投入和退出过程中引起无功冲击。 Since the SVC reactive power prediction compensation method of the rectifier load of the present invention does not directly rely on detecting the voltage and current of the system for reactive power adjustment, in addition to the load reactive power compensation of the rectifier, the reactive branch is also required according to the filter branch. Investing and reversing the situation to adjust the compensation amount to avoid reactive power shock during the SVC input and exit process.
如图 4所示, SVC控制器通过检测滤波器支路的开关状态来判定滤波器支路是否投入工 作, 当滤波器支路断路器合闸后, Sfcn状态指示为 1 ; 当滤波器去路断路器分闸后, Sfcn 状态值为 0。 用各滤波器支路状态量乘以该支路的无功功率固定补偿量然后求和后, 得到各 滤波支路的无功量。 滤波支路的无功量为容性无功。 在 SVC无功预测补偿方式下, 容性无 功功率定义为正, 感性无功功率定义为负。 As shown in Figure 4, the SVC controller determines whether the filter branch is put into operation by detecting the switching state of the filter branch. When the filter branch circuit breaker is closed, the Sfcn status is indicated as 1; when the filter is disconnected After the device is opened, the Sfcn status value is 0. By multiplying the state quantities of the respective filter branches by the reactive power fixed compensation amount of the branch and then summing, the reactive power of each filter branch is obtained. The reactive power of the filter branch is capacitive reactive. In the SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode, the capacitive reactive power is defined as positive, and the inductive reactive power is defined as negative.
SVC无功预测补偿方式控制策略工作过程如下: 当滤波器支路投入时, SVC 需补偿的 无功量增大, TCR触发角变小, 输出相应感性无功功率; 相反当滤波支路切除后, SVC 需
补偿的无功量减小, TCR触发角变大,输出相应感性无功功率减小。当负荷感性无功增大时, SVC 需补偿的无功总量减小, TCR触发角变大, 输出相应感性无功功率减小。 如果在预测 补偿后, 系统无功功率出现稳定偏差, 则 PI调节环节启动, 消除补偿的稳定误差。 The working process of the SVC reactive power compensation compensation mode control strategy is as follows: When the filter branch is input, the amount of reactive power to be compensated by the SVC increases, the TCR firing angle becomes smaller, and the corresponding inductive reactive power is output; , SVC needs The compensated reactive power is reduced, the TCR firing angle is increased, and the output corresponding inductive reactive power is reduced. When the load inductive reactive power increases, the total amount of reactive power to be compensated by the SVC decreases, the TCR firing angle becomes larger, and the output corresponding inductive reactive power decreases. If the system reactive power has a stable deviation after the predicted compensation, the PI adjustment link is activated to eliminate the stability error of the compensation.
图 4中: Qfcn为各滤波通道的补偿无功功率标么值 In Figure 4: Qfcn is the compensation reactive power value of each filter channel.
Sfcn为各滤波通道的开关状态 Sfcn is the switching state of each filter channel
Qyc 为整流器控制器计算无功功率输出, 为标么值 Qyc calculates the reactive power output for the rectifier controller.
Qsr为系统进线 SVC无功补偿目标无功功率值 Qsr is the system incoming line SVC reactive power compensation target reactive power value
Qs 为系统进线无功功率检测值 Qs is the reactive power detection value of the system incoming line
Us 为系统母线电压 Us is the system bus voltage
Is 为系统进线电流值 Is the system incoming current value
SVC设备补偿的综合负荷除包含滤波器 FC, 整流器所供电的托克马克装置, 还包含处 于同一母线供电下的其它辅助电源负荷,如果不考虑除整流器主电源以外的负荷, SVC设备 效果会出现一定偏差。 所以 SVC设备在接收整流器预测无功功率的同时, 自身加入了积分 调节, 以保证 SVC补偿器的稳态补偿效果, 同时也校正了由于整流器控制器的无功功率计 算误差引起的补偿偏差。 The integrated load compensated by the SVC equipment includes the filter FC, the Tokemark device powered by the rectifier, and other auxiliary power loads under the same busbar power supply. If the load other than the rectifier main power source is not considered, the SVC device effect will appear. Certain deviation. Therefore, while receiving the rectifier to predict the reactive power, the SVC device adds integral adjustment to ensure the steady-state compensation effect of the SVC compensator, and also corrects the compensation deviation caused by the reactive power calculation error of the rectifier controller.
如果 SVC设备发出无功功率时刻与整流器产生的无功功率时刻没有配合好, 超前补偿 或滞后补偿都达不到理想的闪变抑制效果。为保证不出现容性无功功率冲击, 而又要得到足 够快速的响应时间, 最后响应时间确定在 3ms~4ms,完全达到了防止无功冲击和抑制闪变的 补偿效果。 If the reactive power of the SVC device does not match the reactive power generated by the rectifier, the lead compensation or the lag compensation will not achieve the desired flicker suppression effect. In order to ensure that there is no capacitive reactive power shock, but to obtain a fast response time, the final response time is determined to be 3ms~4ms, which fully achieves the compensation effect of preventing reactive shock and suppressing flicker.
将整流器负荷的 SVC装置传统补偿方式下的补偿效果与本发明整流器负荷的 SVC无功 预测补偿方式下的补偿效果作了对比实验, 结果如下: The compensation effect under the traditional compensation mode of the SVC device with rectifier load is compared with the compensation effect under the SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode of the rectifier load of the present invention. The results are as follows:
测试条件: 整流器交流侧电压为 113V, 直流电流由 40kA以 1000kA/s速率降为零过程 的 SVC补偿效果。 Test conditions: The voltage on the AC side of the rectifier is 113V, and the DC current is reduced from 40kA at 1000kA/s to the SVC compensation effect of the process.
SVC装置传统补偿方式下, 响应时间为 10ms左右, 完全补偿时间在 60ms左右。 In the traditional compensation mode of the SVC device, the response time is about 10ms, and the full compensation time is about 60ms.
SVC在无功预测补偿方式下, 响应时间仅为 3ms~4ms, 完全补偿时间在 20ms左右。 实验证明: 该补偿方式与传统的 SVC补偿方式相比具有响应时间快的显著特征,应用在 具有快速大容量的无功功率冲击负荷工况下, 能有效抑制系统电压闪变问题。
In the reactive power compensation mode, the response time is only 3ms~4ms, and the full compensation time is about 20ms. The experiment proves that the compensation method has the remarkable characteristics of fast response time compared with the traditional SVC compensation method. It can effectively suppress the system voltage flicker problem under the condition of reactive power shock load with fast and large capacity.
Claims
1、 一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括以下步骤:A SVC reactive power prediction compensation method for a rectifier load, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1 ) 整流器控制器在计算出触发角的同时计算出负荷即将产生的无功功率, 并将该整流 器负荷无功功率转换为 4mA〜20mA的标准信号, 传输至 SVC控制器; 1) The rectifier controller calculates the reactive power to be generated while calculating the firing angle, and converts the rectifier reactive power into a standard signal of 4 mA to 20 mA, and transmits it to the SVC controller;
2 ) SVC控制器接收整流器控制器发出的预测无功功率, 采集滤波器支路断路器的开关 状态, 同时采集电网电流和电网电压信号, 用于无功补偿量的计算, 最终以触发角方式实现 触发控制补偿; 2) The SVC controller receives the predicted reactive power from the rectifier controller, collects the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker, and simultaneously collects the grid current and the grid voltage signal for the calculation of the reactive compensation amount, and finally uses the firing angle mode. Implement trigger control compensation;
3 ) SVC无功预测补偿方式控制策略: SVC控制器通过检测滤波器支路断路器的开关状 态来判定滤波器支路是否投入工作, 当滤波器支路断路器合闸后, Sfcn状态指示为 1 ; 当滤 波器去路断路器分闸后, Sfcn状态值为 0; 用各滤波器支路状态量乘以该支路的无功功率固 定补偿量然后求和后, 得到各滤波支路的无功量; 3) SVC reactive power prediction compensation mode control strategy: The SVC controller determines whether the filter branch is put into operation by detecting the switching state of the filter branch circuit breaker. When the filter branch circuit breaker is closed, the Sfcn status indication is 1 ; When the filter path breaker is opened, the Sfcn state value is 0; multiply the state quantity of each filter branch by the reactive power fixed compensation amount of the branch and then sum, then obtain the filter branch without Workload
4 ) 在预测补偿后, 系统无功功率出现稳定偏差, 则通过 PI调节环节补偿无功功率计算 引起的偏差。 4) After the predicted compensation, the system reactive power has a stable deviation, and the deviation caused by the reactive power calculation is compensated by the PI adjustment link.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法, 其特征在于, 所 述的每一台六脉整流器负荷无功功率的计算公式为: 2. The rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of each of the six-pulse rectifier load reactive power is:
f . f X謹 1 3 f . f X谨 1 3
. ' ■ if I . ' ■ if I
其中- ¾ =为一台六脉整流器的负荷无功功率 为整流变压器一次侧母线电压额定值 为整流器在触发角 下的换相重叠角 « 为整流器触发角 为直流电流参考值, 即整流器控制直流目标值 Where - 3⁄4 = the load reactive power of a six-pulse rectifier is the primary side bus voltage rating of the rectifier transformer. The commutation overlap angle of the rectifier at the firing angle « is the rectifier firing angle for the DC current reference value, ie the rectifier controls the DC Target value
K 为整流变压器变比 为整流变压器一次侧系统电感值 K is the rectifier transformer ratio. The inductance value of the primary side of the rectifier transformer.
多台六脉波整流器组成的整流器串并联组的无功功率为各台整流器无功功率之和,计算 公式为- 》 : i Qyc2 +… + o¾ The reactive power of the series-parallel group of rectifiers composed of multiple six-pulse rectifiers is the sum of the reactive power of each rectifier, and the calculation The formula is - 》 : i Qyc2 +... + o3⁄4
其中: 1、 2、 ...!1为第1台、 第 2台、 第 n台六脉波整流器。 Among them: 1, 2, ...! 1 is the first, second, and nth six-pulse rectifiers.
3、根据权利要求 1所述的一种整流器负荷的 SVC无功预测补偿方法,其特征在于, SVC 设备发出无功功率时刻与整流器产生的无功功率时刻的时间差为 3ms〜4ms, 响应时间短。 3 . The rectifier load SVC reactive power prediction compensation method according to claim 1 , wherein the time difference between the reactive power moment of the SVC device and the reactive power generated by the rectifier is 3 ms to 4 ms, and the response time is short. .
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