WO2012129881A1 - 一种无线多播中的本地协作方法 - Google Patents

一种无线多播中的本地协作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129881A1
WO2012129881A1 PCT/CN2011/078549 CN2011078549W WO2012129881A1 WO 2012129881 A1 WO2012129881 A1 WO 2012129881A1 CN 2011078549 W CN2011078549 W CN 2011078549W WO 2012129881 A1 WO2012129881 A1 WO 2012129881A1
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user
multicast
base station
users
packet
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French (fr)
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衡伟
黄艺滨
张华�
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/1813Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast for computer conferences, e.g. chat rooms
    • H04L12/1822Conducting the conference, e.g. admission, detection, selection or grouping of participants, correlating users to one or more conference sessions, prioritising transmission
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/189Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast in combination with wireless systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for local cooperation in wireless multicast, and more particularly to a method for performing packet repair using local information sharing by providing a retransmission repair process in wireless multicast. Background technique
  • wireless multicast is becoming an important way of wireless communication.
  • the evolution of the existing wireless multicast technology system is mainly reflected in the scheduling, optimization and improvement of the link between the mobile base station and the mobile user, without utilizing local cooperation between mobile users. Due to the increasing frequency of cellular frequency resources, cellular link resources can be conserved by utilizing local collaboration of mobile users. When the user performs local cooperation, the mobile base station can use the link resources in other aspects. The collaboration of mobile users can be applied to the retransmission of wireless multicast.
  • the traditional retransmission is that the user sends a retransmission request to the mobile base station, and the mobile base station uses P ten (Point-to-Point) or P-M (Point-to-multipoint, point-to-multiple) after receiving the retransmission request. Point) to retransmit.
  • P ten Point-to-Point
  • P-M Point-to-multipoint, point-to-multiple
  • the ptp method brings the problem of feedback storm, that is, many users send retransmission requests to the mobile base station, causing the mobile base station to cope
  • the ptM method brings the problem of repeated reception, that is, many users repeatedly receive many of them that are not needed. data pack.
  • the method of retransmission of the mobile base station is relatively inefficient, and on the other hand, the retransmission of the mobile base station always occupies a part of the cellular link resources.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of efficiency of local collaboration in wireless multicast, and to overcome the shortcomings of the local retransmission redundancy and the unutilized user cooperative relay for the main problems of the prior art.
  • the method provides a "split table" method to obtain a local cooperative retransmission strategy, and simultaneously incorporates non-multicast users around the idle as a cooperative relay to achieve more effective Multicast effect.
  • the mobile user can reduce the retransmission request to the mobile base station by data forwarding and local cooperative retransmission of the user cooperative relay.
  • the speed of collaboration is relatively fast, so the speed of packet repair is improved.
  • the method uses network coding to further improve the efficiency of packet repair in the multicast process.
  • the user cooperative relays the network coding packets of the data packets they receive, and the local cooperative retransmission also uses the "split table" algorithm based on the network coding idea to reduce the number of retransmissions and improve the efficiency of collaboration.
  • the method for local collaboration in wireless multicasting of the method includes the following steps:
  • w of the receiving multicast is a positive integer, and the specific value may be determined by the number of multicast users adjacent to the geographical location during the actual multicast.
  • the mobile base station sends a packet to the multicast user group by using a network coding method (fc is a positive integer, and the specific value is determined by the condition of the wireless multicast channel);
  • the base station selects a part of the idle non-multicast user adjacent to the multicast user as the user cooperative relay; the selection process of the user cooperative relay: the base station sends a message to ask whether the non-multicast user is idle, and selects a part of the idle is not much
  • the broadcast user acts as a user cooperative relay and relays to the multicast user; the user cooperative relay forwarding mode: the user cooperative relay forwards the network coding packet to the multicast user, and the content is the network of the packet they correctly receive.
  • Encoding, and each non-multicast user broadcasts only one packet, and the multicast group user realizes the first data packet repair by linearly decoding the correctly received encoded packet (including base station transmission and user cooperative relay forwarding);
  • A8 For the second sub-table, starting from the first column, searching for columns that can be merged to form a group; Then: starting from the first column, accumulating the columns; if the cumulative result does not appear greater than or equal to 2, the Bessie column can be classified into the combination; otherwise, the column cannot be classified into the combination; The same operation, until the last column; the columns that have been grouped into the combination are removed from the table, and the same operations are performed on the remaining tables until all the columns are grouped into one group; for each group, select the one "1""The least number of users retransmit, and use a simple XOR overlay network code, a group only transmits an XOR code package;
  • the mobile base station After the repair is completed, the mobile base station sends the next set of data, and repeats the process of receiving and cooperating repair of A3 ⁇ A9.
  • the user removes the P2P connection under the control of the mobile base station, and the user cooperative relay also ends the cooperation task to restore the original state.
  • the selection process and forwarding mode of the user cooperative relay in the step A3 are specifically described as follows:
  • step A3 the selection of the user cooperative relay is performed under the control of the mobile base station, and the mobile base station sends an inquiry message to the user to determine which users are idle non-multicast users, and then sends an "try to become a user" to these users.
  • Notification of cooperative relays after receiving the notifications, these users test their link status to the multicast users; if the link is good, they can join the peer-to-peer P2P of the multicast user group under the coordination of the mobile base station.
  • the forwarding mode of the user cooperative relay adopts a network coding method, and each user cooperative relay performs network coding of the valid data packets that are heard in the respective coordinated time slots, and then multicasts User group forwarding, each non-multicast user only broadcasts one network coding package.
  • the "split table" method is to select the user who has the most correctly received packet as the reference of the split table, so that the separated sub-tables containing all ones, that is, the row is completely small, and the all-zeros are included. That is to say, the sub-table of this pair is relatively large.
  • a simple XOR superimposed network coding is used, that is, each cooperative user XORs the data packets in the packet combination searched by the "split table" method in their respective forwarding slots, and simultaneously A field is added to the code packet, and the sequence number of the data packet participating in the XOR addition is described in this packet field.
  • other users decode by a simple linear operation.
  • the method forwards an idle non-multicast user as a cooperative relay to a multicast user, so that users in the multicast group can repair some error packets through the help of non-multicast users. Because the idle non-multicast user's link to the mobile base station and the multicast user's link to the mobile base station are independent Therefore, the introduction of idle non-multicast users brings benefits to the reception of multicast group users.
  • FIG. 1 is a network structure diagram of wireless cooperative multicast.
  • mobile terminal 1 mobile terminal 2
  • mobile terminal 3 is a cooperative multicast user group
  • mobile terminal 4 mobile terminal 5 is a user cooperative relay.
  • Figure 2 is an internal and external coordination circle composed of user cooperative relay and multicast users.
  • the inner circle collaboration circle is a collaborative user within the multicast user group, and they are always in collaboration.
  • FIG. 3 is a detailed flow diagram of the system operating using the method of the present invention. detailed description
  • Figure 1 shows the network structure of wireless cooperative multicast.
  • the whole system consists of three parts: mobile base station, multicast user, and non-multicast user.
  • the mobile base station is responsible for transmitting multicast data and retransmitting certain data packets when necessary, while controlling the establishment of user P2P connections.
  • the multicast user receives the data packet of the mobile base station, receives the data forwarded by the non-multicast user, and the non-multicast user broadcasts the network coding packet to the multicast user.
  • each mobile user is received separately. After the packet loss situation occurs, the mobile base station is also requested to retransmit through the respective uplink feedback channel.
  • the multicast user can perform local cooperation to reduce retransmission requests to the mobile base station. Based on this collaboration, using network coding can improve the efficiency of collaborative retransmissions.
  • the adjacent non-multicast users can also receive the data packets sent by the mobile base station. The data packets that are correctly received by each of them are network-encoded and sent to the multicast users, which helps the decoding of the multicast users.
  • each user cooperative relay broadcasts only one network coding packet to the multicast user in each round of multicast. Since the channels between the users and the mobile base stations are independent of each other, the probability that different users cooperatively relay the network code packets broadcasted by the same is small. When the number of user cooperative relays is large, the effective coding packets obtained by the multicast users are considerable.
  • the user can use the simple XOR method.
  • the XOR method is to XOR the data packets participating in the coding operation to obtain an encoded packet.
  • the random linear network coding randomly generates a certain number of coding coefficients in a finite field, and uses these coefficients to weight-add the data packets participating in the coding operation to obtain an encoded packet.
  • peripheral collaboration is divided into peripheral collaboration and inner perimeter collaboration.
  • Peripheral collaboration is relayed by the user to broadcast the encoded packet to the multicast group.
  • the length of time for peripheral collaboration is determined by the number of collaborative users in the perimeter collaboration circle.
  • the mobile base station maintains a list of peripheral coordinated users, and allocates time slots for peripheral cooperation based on this list. Since each collaborative user only sends one encoded packet, the time slot required for each peripheral collaborative user is certain.
  • the length of the peripheral cooperative time slot is linear with the number of peripheral cooperative users.
  • the user cooperative relay can leave or enter the peripheral coordination circle at any time, so the list of peripheral collaborative users maintained by the mobile base station changes. After the peripheral collaboration is completed, the multicast user group can perform intra-group retransmission cooperation.
  • a polling method is used to obtain a distribution table of mispacket conditions in the group, that is, starting from the first user, a table data structure is generated.
  • the horizontal label of the table indicates the serial number of the multicast packet of this time, and the column label of the table indicates the serial number of the multicast user.
  • the correctly received packet is filled with "1”
  • the incorrectly received packet is filled with "0”
  • the error packet is sent to the next user, and the next user performs the same operation.
  • the entire mispackaged table is collected.
  • the "split table" method is based on the mispacket table collected above. By dividing the mispacket table into two parts, some of them do not apply to network coding, and the other part applies to the combination of network coding.
  • the mobile base station sends the first group of data packets.
  • the non-multicast users perform network coding on the correctly received data packets, and perform broadcast forwarding to the multicast group users in order;
  • the multicast group user performs the first data packet repair by using the network coding packet that has been correctly received;
  • the multicast group user obtains the intra-group mispacket situation distribution table by polling; removes all 0 columns, all 1 columns, only one "0" column, and combines the same rows into one column; select "1" least Line. Make the column of " 1 " in this row as a child table, and the column where "0" is located as another child table;
  • B7 For the first sub-table, select a user who "correctly receives" from each column to fix; for the second sub-table, start from the first column, search for columns that can be merged, and form a group.
  • the rules for searching are: Starting from the first column, accumulating the columns. If the accumulated result does not appear to be greater than or equal to 2, then this column can be classified into the combination. Otherwise, this column cannot be included in the combination. Do the same for the next column until the last column. Columns that have been grouped together are removed from the table, and the same operations are performed on the remaining tables until all columns are grouped into one group. For each group, select the user with the least "1" to retransmit, and use the network coding XOR operation (a group only needs to pass an XOR code package);
  • the mobile base station retransmits using p-t-p.
  • the mobile base station sends the next set of data, and repeats the receiving and collaborative repair process of B3 ⁇ B8.
  • the user removes the P2P connection under the control of the mobile base station, and the user cooperative relay also ends the cooperation task to restore the original state.
  • the multicast user can repair most of the packet loss and packet loss without relying on the mobile station retransmission.
  • the quality of the short-distance link is better, for example, when the multicast users are in the same conference room, the P2P transmission of the mobile user is very fast and effective, so that the local cooperative retransmission will not be caused by the local collaboration. The extra burden is not practical.
  • the present invention provides a method of improving user collaboration efficiency in wireless multicasting. Through the cooperative relaying of the user and the intra-group cooperation of the multicast users, the retransmission request to the mobile base station can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency of cooperative retransmission can be improved.
  • the specific application of the method of the present invention in wireless multicast is described in detail above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种无线多播中的本地协作方法。移动基站在对用户多播时,分为四个阶段:第一阶段,移动基站向用户广播一定数量的数据包;第二阶段,空闲的非多播用户将接收到的数据包进行网络编码后向多播用户转发,多播用户利用这些转发的数据包进行第一次数据包修复;第三阶段,多播组内用户协作重传,使用网络编码的方法对多播用户的误包表进行"分裂"处理得到本地重传的策略,并按此策略进行本地重传;第四阶段,向移动基站报告接收的情况,移动基站根据用户的反馈判断是否进行重传。这种方法可以减少多播用户对移动基站的重传请求,减小重传的延时,减少重传的次数,提高重传的效率,减轻了移动基站重传的负担,节约了蜂窝链路资源,提高无线资源的利用率。

Description

一种无线多播中的本地协作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种无线多播中的本地协作的方法,尤其是针对无线多播中的重传 修复过程提供的一种利用本地用户的信息共享进行误包修复的方法。 背景技术
随着手机多媒体业务的兴起, 无线多播正成为一种重要的无线通信方式。现有 的无线多播技术体系的演进主要体现在对移动基站到移动用户之间的链路进行调 度、 优化和改进, 而没有利用移动用户之间的本地协作。 由于蜂窝频率资源的日 趋紧张, 利用移动用户的本地协作可以节约蜂窝链路资源。 用户在进行本地协作 的时候, 移动基站可以把链路资源用在其它方面。 移动用户的协作可以应用在无 线多播的重传环节。 传统的重传是由用户向移动基站发送重传请求, 移动基站接 收到重传请求后使用 P十 p ( Point-to-Point, 点对点)或 p十 M ( Point-to-multipoint, 点对多点) 的方式进行重传。 p-t-p方法会带来反馈风暴的问题, 即很多用户都向 移动基站发送重传请求, 导致移动基站疲于应付; p-t-M方法会带来重复接收的问 题, 即很多用户重复接收到很多它们不需要的数据包。 移动基站重传的方法一方 面效率比较低, 另一方面移动基站重传总会占用一部分蜂窝链路资源。
目前, 针对这个问题, 有人提出了使用移动用户本地重传的方法。移动用户先 通过轮询得到误包表, 然后再使用轮询的 "各尽所能" 的方式进行误包修复。 有 人提出在协作重传的时候使用适当的网络编码会减少重传的次数, 但没有提出相 应的算法。 同时, 分布在多播用户组周围的空闲非多播用户作为一种潜在的用户 协作中继也没有被利用起来。 因此, 无线多播中的本地协作机制仍然有待改进。 本明中的方法是以移动用户的 P2P传输为基础的, 这方面已经有不少现成的专利 和方法可以应用。 发明内容
技术问题: 本发明的目的正是为了解决无线多播中的本地协作的效率问题, 针对现有一般技术的主要问题, 克服本地重传次数冗余、 用户协作中继未被利用 的缺点。 本方法根据协作通信的特点, 提供了一种 "分裂表" 的方法获得本地协 作重传的策略, 同时纳入周围空闲的非多播用户作为协作中继, 以达到更加有效 的多播效果。
技术方案: 在用户本地协作中, 移动用户通过用户协作中继的数据转发和本 地协作重传, 可以减少对移动基站的重传请求。 同时, 由于本地链路质量较好, 协作的速度是比较快的, 所以提高了误包修复的速度。 本方法在本地协作重传的 基本流程的基础上, 应用网络编码的方法进一步提高多播过程中误包修复的效率。 用户协作中继转发的是它们所接收到的数据包的网络编码包, 本地协作重传也使 用基于网络编码思想的 "分裂表"算法, 以减少重传的次数, 提高协作的效率, 采用以下技术方案:
本方法的无线多播中的本地协作的方法, 包括如下步骤:
Al、 设接收多播的 w 为正整数, 具体值可视实际多播时地理位置相邻的多 播用户数而定)移动用户在移动基站的控制下建立 P2P ( Peer-to-Peer, 点对点)连 接;
A2、 移动基站使用网络编码的方法向多播用户组发送 ( fc为正整数, 具体值 可视无线多播信道情况决定) 个数据包;
A3、 基站选择一部分与多播用户相邻的空闲的非多播用户作为用户协作中继; 用户协作中继的选择过程: 基站通过发送消息询问非多播用户是否空闲, 并选择 一部分空闲非多播用户作为用户协作中继, 并向多播用户进行中继转发; 用户协 作中继的转发方式: 用户协作中继向多播用户转发网络编码包, 内容是它们所正 确接收到的包的网络编码, 且每个非多播用户只广播一个包, 多播组用户通过对已 正确接收的编码包 (包括基站发送和用户协作中继转发两部分)进行线性解码实现第 一次数据包修复;
A4、多播组用户进行组内协作修复:首先通过 P2P组内轮询得到误包表 LPKLost Packet Matrix, 其行标表示用户序号, 列标表示该次发送的包的序号); LPM (i, j) = l 表示第 个用户的第 个包是误包, L/w( , ) = o表示第 个用户正确接收了第 个包, 其中 , 为正整数, 且 1≤«·≤", 1≤ j≤k ·'
A5、 去掉全 0列、 全 1列、 只有一个 " 0"的列, 并把相同的行合成一列;
A6、 使用 "分裂表"的方法将误包表分为两部分: 选择 " 1 "最少的行, 将这一 行中 " 1 "所在的列作为一个子表, "0"所在的列作为另外一个子表;
A7、 对第一个子表, 从每一列中选择一个 "正确接收"的用户来修复;
A8、 对第二个子表, 从第一列开始, 搜索可以合并的列, 组成一个组; 搜索的规 则为: 从第一列开始, 对列累加; 如果累加结果没有出现大于等于 2的情况, 贝哒一 列就可以归入该组合, 反之, 则这一列不能够归入该组合; 对下一列进行同样的操作, 直到最后一列; 已经归入组合的列从表中移除, 对剩余的表进行同样的操作, 直到所 有的列都归入某一个组为止; 对每一个组, 选择那个" 1 "最少的用户来重传, 并使用 简单的异或叠加的网络编码, 一个组只传一个异或编码包;
A9、 如果发现重传过后, 还有数据包没有被修复, 则向移动基站请求重传;
A10、 修复完毕, 移动基站发送下一组数据, 并重复 A3~A9的接收和协作修复 的过程。
Al l、 当多播结束后, 用户在移动基站的控制下撤除 P2P连接, 用户协作中继 也结束协作任务恢复各自原来的状态。
在所述步骤 A3中用户协作中继的选择过程、 转发方式具体说明如下:
1 ) 在步骤 A3 中, 用户协作中继的选择在移动基站的控制下进行, 移动基站 对用户发送询问消息以确定哪些用户是空闲的非多播用户, 然后就向这些用户发 送 "尝试成为用户协作中继" 的通知; 这些用户接收到通知后, 就测试它们到多 播用户之间的链路情况; 如果链路好, 则可以在移动基站的协调下加入到多播用 户组的点对点 P2P 网络中去, 成为用户协作中继; 新的空闲用户可以随时进入协 作圈, 已进入协作圈的用户协作中继也可以随时退出协作圈, 移动基站保持一个 外围协作圈的用户协作中继的列表, 并据此分配外围协作的时隙;
2 ) 在 A3 步骤中, 用户协作中继的转发方式采用网络编码的方法, 每个用户 协作中继在各自分配的协作时隙里将侦听到的有效数据包进行网络编码, 再向多 播用户组转发, 每个非多播用户只广播一个网络编码包。
在所述步骤 A6中 "分裂表"方法是选择拥有最多正确接收的包的用户作为分 裂表的基准, 使分开的含有全 1即这一行全错的子表相对较小, 而使含有全 0即 这一行全对的子表较大。
在所述步骤 A8中使用简单的异或叠加的网络编码, 即各个协作用户在各自的 转发时隙里将用 "分裂表"方法搜索得到的包组合中的数据包进行异或相加, 同 时在编码包中增加一个域, 在这个包域中说明参与异或相加的数据包的序号, 其 它用户在接收到编码包后, 就通过简单的线性运算进行解码。
有益效果: 首先, 本方法将空闲的非多播用户作为协作中继向多播用户进行 转发, 使得多播组内的用户可以经过非多播用户的帮助修复一些误包。 由于空闲 的非多播用户到移动基站的链路情况与多播用户到移动基站的链路情况是相互独 立的, 因此引入空闲的非多播用户对多播组用户的接收带来好处。
其次, 通过本专利中的 "分裂表"方法可以获得本地重传的一种近似最优的策 略, 减少本地重传的次数, 提高本地重传的效率。
理论分析和仿真结果都显示, 与现有的没有使用用户协作中继、使用轮询的方 法进行重传的本地协作策略, 采用本发明所述方法, 可以获得更好的多播效率。 附图说明
图 1是无线协作多播的网络结构图。
图中: 移动终端 1、 移动终端 2、 移动终端 3是协作的多播用户组, 移动终端 4、 移动终端 5是用户协作中继。
图 2是用户协作中继与多播用户组成的内外围协作圈。
图中: 外围协作圈里的用户是用户协作中继, 它们有随时离开和随时进入的自 由; 内围协作圈是多播用户组内协作用户, 它们一直处在协作之中。
图 3是系统使用本发明方法运行的具体流程图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对技术方案的实施作进一步的详细描述:
图 1所示是无线协作多播的网络结构图。 整个系统由移动基站、 多播用户、 非 多播用户三部分组成。 移动基站负责发送多播数据, 并在必要的时候重传某些数 据包, 同时控制用户 P2P连接的建立。 多播用户接收移动基站的数据包, 接收非多 播用户转发的数据, 非多播用户向多播用户广播网络编码包。 在传统的无线多播 中, 每个移动用户是单独接收的。 出现误包丢包情况后, 也是通过各自的上行反 馈信道向移动基站请求重传的。 当移动用户之间建立 P2P连接后, 多播用户就可以 进行本地协作, 减少对移动基站的重传请求。 在这种协作的基础上, 使用网络编 码可以提高协作重传的效率。 同时, 临近的非多播用户也可以接收到移动基站发 送的数据包。 它们各自正确接收到的数据包进行网络编码后, 发给多播用户, 对 多播用户的解码起到帮助作用。 这里每个用户协作中继在每一轮多播中只向多播 用户广播一个网络编码包。 由于用户到移动基站之间的信道是相互独立的, 所以 不同的用户协作中继所广播的网络编码包相同的概率很小。 当用户协作中继的数 目较多时, 多播用户所获得的有效编码包就十分可观了。
用户在对数据包进行网络编码运算的时候, 可以使用简单异或的方式, 也可 以使用随机线性网络编码的方式。 异或的方式是将参与编码运算的数据包进行异 或而得到编码包。 随机线性网络编码则是在有限域内随机产生一定数目的编码系 数, 利用这些系数对参与编码运算的数据包进行加权相加而得到编码包。
如图 2所示, 本地协作分为外围协作和内围协作。外围协作是由用户协作中继 向多播用户组广播编码包。 外围协作的时间长短根据外围协作圈的协作用户数决 定。 移动基站维持一个外围协作用户的列表, 根据这个列表分配外围协作的时隙。 由于每个协作用户只发送一个编码包, 所以每个外围协作用户所需要的时隙是一 定的。 外围协作时隙的长短与外围协作用户数呈线性关系。 用户协作中继可以随 时离开或者进入外围协作圈, 因此移动基站所维持的外围协作用户的列表是变化 的。 外围协作完成后, 多播用户组就可以进行组内重传协作。 首先通过轮询的方 法获得组内的误包情况分布表, 即从第一个用户开始, 生成一个表数据结构。 表 的横标表示这次多播的数据包的序号, 表的列标表示多播用户的序号。 第一个用 户根据自己的接收情况, 正确接收的包填 " 1 ", 错误接收的包填 " 0 ", 这样完成 第一行的填写。 然后, 再将这个误包表发往下一个用户, 下一个用户执行相同的 操作。 最后, 一圈轮询完成后, 整个误包表就收集完成了。
"分裂表"方法是基于上面所搜集的误包表。 通过将误包表分为两个部分, 其 中一部分不适用网络编码, 另一部分适用进行网络编码的组合的搜索。
现结合图 3, 说明本方法的具体步骤:
Bl、 用户在移动基站的控制下建立 P2P连接;
B2、 移动基站发送第一组数据包;
B3、 多播用户和非多播用户都对这些数据包进行接收;
B4、 非多播用户将各自正确接收到的数据包进行网络编码, 并按次序向多播组用 户进行广播转发;
B5、 多播组用户利用已正确接收的网络编码包进行第一次数据包修复;
B6、多播组用户通过轮询的方法获得组内误包情况分布表; 去掉全 0列、全 1列、 只有一个 "0"的列, 并把相同的行合成一列; 选择 " 1 "最少的行。 将这一行中 " 1 " 所在的列作为一个子表, "0"所在的列作为另外一个子表;
B7、 对第一个子表, 从每一列中选择一个 "正确接收"的用户来修复; 对第二个 子表, 从第一列开始, 搜索可以合并的列, 组成一个组。 搜索的规则为: 从第一列开 始, 对列累加。 如果累加结果没有出现大于等于 2的情况, 则这一列就可以归入该组 合。 反之, 则这一列不能够归入该组合。 对下一列进行同样的操作, 直到最后一列。 已经归入组合的列从表中移除, 对剩余的表进行同样的操作, 直到所有的列都归入某 一个组为止。 对每一个组, 选择那个" 1 "最少的用户来重传, 并使用网络编码异或运 算 (一个组只需传一个异或编码包);
B8、 如果发现重传过后, 还有数据包没有被修复, 则由那些还没有完全修复的用 户自己向移动基站请求重传。 移动基站使用 p-t-p的方式进行重传。
B9、 修复完毕, 移动基站发送下一组数据, 并重复 B3~B8 的接收和协作修复 过程。
B10、 当多播结束后, 用户在移动基站的控制下撤除 P2P连接, 用户协作中继 也结束协作任务恢复各自原来的状态。
在上面的步骤 ΒΓΒ7中, 经过两重的本地协作, 并应用了网络编码技术, 使得多播用户不必依靠移动基站重传就可以修复大部分的误包、 丢包。 同时, 由 于近距离链路质量比较好, 例如在多播用户同处在一个会议室里, 移动用户的 P2P 传输是十分快速和有效的, 这样本地协作重传就不会因为本地协作带来的额外负担而 不切实用。
本发明提供了一种在无线多播中提高用户协作效率的方法。 通过用户协作中继的 转发和多播用户的组内协作, 可以大大减少对移动基站的重传请求, 提高协作重传的 效率。 以上详细说明了本发明方法在无线多播中的具体应用。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种无线多播中的本地协作的方法, 其特征在于该方法包括如下步骤:
Al、设接收多播的 w移动用户在移动基站的控制下建立点对点 P2P连接; 其中 /1 为正整数, 具体值可视实际多播时地理位置相邻的多播用户数而定;
A2、移动基站使用网络编码的方法向多播用户组发送 个数据包; 其中 为正整 数, 具体值可视无线多播信道情况决定;
A3、 基站选择一部分与多播用户相邻的空闲的非多播用户作为用户协作中继; 用户协作中继的选择过程: 基站通过发送消息询问非多播用户是否空闲, 并选择一 部分空闲非多播用户作为用户协作中继, 并向多播用户进行中继转发; 用户协作中 继的转发方式: 用户协作中继向多播用户转发网络编码包, 内容是它们所正确接收 到的包的网络编码, 且每个非多播用户只广播一个包, 多播组用户通过对已正确接收 的编码包进行线性解码实现第一次数据包修复; 编码包包括基站发送和用户协作中继转 发两部分;
A4、 多播组用户进行组内协作修复: 首先通过 P2P 组内轮询得到误包表 LPM; ZJW( ) = 1表示第 个用户的第 个包是误包, Ζ^Μ( , ) = 0表示第 个用户正确接收 了第 个包, 其中 , 为正整数, 且 1≤ί·≤«, l < j < k ;
A5、 去掉全 0列、 全 1列、 只有一个 " 0"的列, 并把相同的行合成一列;
A6、 使用 "分裂表"的方法将误包表分为两部分: 选择" 1 "最少的行, 将这一行 中 " 1 "所在的列作为一个子表, "0"所在的列作为另外一个子表;
A7、 对第一个子表, 从每一列中选择一个 "正确接收"的用户来修复;
A8、 对第二个子表, 从第一列开始, 搜索可以合并的列, 组成一个组; 搜索的规则 为: 从第一列开始, 对列累加; 如果累加结果没有出现大于等于 2的情况, 则这一列就 可以归入该组合, 反之, 则这一列不能够归入该组合; 对下一列进行同样的操作, 直到 最后一列; 已经归入组合的列从表中移除, 对剩余的表进行同样的操作, 直到所有的列 都归入某一个组为止; 对每一个组, 选择那个" 1 "最少的用户来重传, 并使用简单的异 或叠加的网络编码, 一个组只传一个异或编码包;
A9、 如果发现重传过后, 还有数据包没有被修复, 则向移动基站请求重传;
A10、 修复完毕, 移动基站发送下一组数据, 并重复 A3 9的接收和协作修复的 过程;
Al l、 当多播结束后, 用户在移动基站的控制下撤除 P2P连接, 用户协作中继也 结束协作任务回复原来状态。
2、 根据权利要求 1中所述的无线多播中的本地协作的方法, 其特征在于, 在所 述步骤 A3中用户协作中继的选择过程、 转发方式具体说明如下:
1 ) 在步骤 A3 中, 用户协作中继的选择在移动基站的控制下进行, 移动基站对 用户发送询问消息以确定哪些用户是空闲的非多播用户,然后就向这些用户发送"尝 试成为用户协作中继" 的通知; 这些用户接收到通知后, 就测试它们到多播用户之 间的链路情况; 如果链路好, 则可以在移动基站的协调下加入到多播用户组的点对 点 P2P 网络中去, 成为用户协作中继; 新的空闲用户可以随时进入协作圈, 已进入 协作圈的用户协作中继也可以随时退出协作圈, 移动基站保持一个外围协作圈的用 户协作中继的列表, 并据此分配外围协作的时隙;
2 ) 在 A3步骤中, 用户协作中继的转发方式采用网络编码的方法, 每个用户协 作中继在各自分配的协作时隙里将侦听到的有效数据包进行网络编码, 再向多播用 户组转发, 每个非多播用户只广播一个网络编码包。
3、 根据权利要求 1中所述的无线多播中的本地协作的方法, 其特征在于, 在所 述步骤 A6中"分裂表"方法是选择拥有最多正确接收的包的用户作为分裂表的基准, 使分开的含有全 1即这一行全错的子表相对较小, 而使含有全 0即这一行全对的子 表较大。
4、 根据权利要求 1中所述的无线多播中的本地协作的方法, 其特征在于, 在所 述步骤 A8中使用简单的异或叠加的网络编码, 即各个协作用户在各自的转发时隙里 将用 "分裂表"方法搜索得到的包组合中的数据包进行异或相加, 同时在编码包中 增加一个域, 在这个包域中说明参与异或相加的数据包的序号, 其它用户在接收到 编码包后, 就通过简单的线性运算进行解码。
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