WO2012126253A1

WO2012126253A1 - Positioning device specifically for drilling femur neck

Info

Publication number: WO2012126253A1
Application number: PCT/CN2011/082920
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孙德修
Original assignee: 山东航维骨科医疗器械股份有限公司
Priority date: 2011-03-21
Filing date: 2011-11-25
Publication date: 2012-09-27
Also published as: CN102119869B; CN102119869A

Abstract

Disclosed is a positioning device specifically for drilling femur neck, comprising a main body (1); a drill bushing (2) mounted inside a central through-hole of the main body (1) in a slidable manner; a bended first positioning pin (3) and a bended second positioning pin (4), wherein the tip of the first positioning pin (3) is bended downwards, and is located right above the extension line of the central through-hole axis, and its distance from the extension line of the axis is half of the anteroposterior diameter of the femur neck; and the plane where the second positioning pin (4) is located is parallel or perpendicular to the plane where the first positioning pin (3) is located, and the second positioning pin (4) is longer than the first positioning pin (3), and the tip of the second positioning pin (4) is lower than the tip of the first positioning pin (3). When the plane where the second positioning pin (4) is located is parallel to the plane where the first positioning pin (3) is located, the distance between the tip of the first positioning pin (3) and the second positioning pin (4) equals the radius of superoinferior diameter of the femur neck. When the plane where the second positioning pin (4) is located is perpendicular to the plane where the first positioning pin (3) is located, the distance between the tip of the first positioning pin (3) and the second positioning pin (4) equals the radius of the anteroposterior diameter of the femur neck. Application of the positioning device of the present invention specifically for drilling femur neck can ensure positioning accuracy, and ensure successful drilling in just one step, and can prevent drilling deviation or failure.

Description

Femoral neck special drilling locator

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a special drilling positioner for a femoral neck.

Background technique

When a large trochanter of the human femur is fractured for various reasons, it is necessary to drill a hole through the upper end of the femur to the femoral neck through a bone surgery surgery, and then fix it.

How to get the drill bit into the femoral neck at one time is a worldwide problem. The existing femoral neck drilling positioning devices are numerous. For example, the positioner produced by the Swiss "AO" has a through hole for inserting a drill sleeve on the base body. When drilling, the head of the drill sleeve is placed against the large and thick. On the ridge, the drill bit protrudes from the guide hole of the drill sleeve and drills into the large trochanter and the femoral neck. The whole drilling process is basically carried out by the surgeon's experience. The drilling has certain blindness, drilling or drilling. The phenomenon of failure has occurred from time to time, prolonged the operation time, increased the difficulty of surgery, aggravated the patient's injury and affected the quality of the operation.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a special drilling locator for a femoral neck which can accurately locate and prevent drilling drilling or drilling failure.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is: a special drill hole locator for a femoral neck, comprising a base body, the base body is provided with a central through hole; a drill sleeve, the drill sleeve is slidably mounted in the central through hole The drill sleeve is provided with a through hole for guiding the drill bit; the first positioning pin has a curved shape, and the needle tip of the first positioning needle is bent downward, the first positioning pin a needle tip is located directly above the axis extension of the central through hole, and a distance between a tip of the first positioning needle and an axis extension of the central through hole is half of a anteroposterior diameter of the femoral neck; a tail end of a positioning pin is fixed to an upper surface of the base body; a second positioning pin, the second positioning pin is disposed parallel or perpendicular to the first positioning pin, and the second positioning pin is longer than the first Positioning the needle, the needle tip of the second positioning needle is lower than the needle tip of the first positioning needle; the distance between the needle tip of the first positioning needle and the second positioning needle is the radius dimension of the upper and lower diameter of the femoral neck .

As a preferred technical solution, the opposite sides of the base body are respectively provided with sliding slots perpendicular to the central through hole; the rear end of the second positioning pin is provided with a mounting portion, and the mounting portion is provided with a boss portion having a matching shape of the sliding groove, wherein the mounting portion is provided with a mounting portion through hole perpendicular to the central through hole, and the mounting portion through hole is provided for fixing the second positioning pin Fastening bolts on the base shown.

As a preferred technical solution, the mounting portion of the second positioning pin tail end is provided with more than one mounting point, and the tail end of the second positioning pin is mounted on one of the mounting points.

As a preferred technical solution, the chute is a “U” shaped groove or a dovetail groove.

As a preferred technical solution, the positioner further includes a drill sleeve locking device, the drill sleeve locking device includes a handle, one end of the handle is provided with an external thread, and the base body is provided with the central through hole A communicating internal threaded through hole, the externally threaded end of the handle being mounted in the internally threaded through bore.

Since the above technical solution is adopted, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: when positioning drilling is performed using the special drill hole locator of the femoral neck of the present invention, the needle tip of the first positioning needle is tied in front of the femoral neck, and the second positioning needle The needle tip is placed on the top of the femoral neck, and the position of the drill sleeve is adjusted so that the head of the drill sleeve abuts against the outer side of the upper end of the femur, and the hole can be drilled, because the needle tip of the first positioning needle is tied in front of the femoral neck, the second The positioning needle is positioned above the femoral neck and positioned, and the second positioning needle also functions as a limit. When the head of the drill sleeve is adjusted to abut against the outer side of the upper end of the femur, the direction of the drill bit and the neck dry angle may be Different, and the drill bit must be in a pre-set position in the femoral neck, there will be no drill bit out of the femoral neck and the drilling failure.

The sliding groove is respectively disposed on opposite sides of the base body; the second positioning pin is detachably fixedly connected to one side of the base body through the mounting portion of the rear end thereof. When used, according to the specific fracture site of the patient, the positioning of the left femur or the right leg femur can be performed by simply mounting the second positioning needle on the left side or the right side of the base body, that is, whether the left leg femur or the left leg femur is used. The positioning of the right leg femur drilling operation requires only a special drilling locator for the femoral neck, which is very convenient to use.

Since the mounting portion of the second positioning pin has more than one mounting point, the tail end of the second positioning pin is mounted on one of the mounting points, so that the distance between the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin is adjustable, so that the distance between the first positioning pin and the second positioning pin is adjustable. A special drill hole locator for the femoral neck of the present invention has the functions of large, medium and small models, and can adapt to the requirements of different femoral neck sizes and different nail positions.

DRAWINGS

The invention will now be further described with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship between the positioning points on the femur in use of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of each positioning point and the drill bit on the cross section of the femoral neck when the present invention is used;

In the figure: 1-base; 11-slot; 2-drilled sleeve; 3-first positioning needle; 4-second positioning needle; 5- fastening bolt; 6-mounting portion; 61-mounting point; 8 - femoral neck; 9 - large trochanter; 10 - the outer side of the upper end of the femur.

detailed description

Embodiment 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , a special drill hole locator for a femoral neck includes a base body 1 , and the base body 1 is provided with a central through hole; a drill sleeve 2 , the drill sleeve 2 is slidably mounted in the center through hole, The drill sleeve 2 is provided with a through hole for guiding the drill bit to be drilled or withdrawn; the first positioning pin 3, the first positioning pin 3 is curved, and the needle tip of the first positioning pin 3 is bent downward. The needle tip of the first positioning pin 3 is located directly above the axis extension of the central through hole, and the distance between the tip of the first positioning pin 3 and the axis extension of the central through hole is the femoral neck a half of the front and rear diameters; a rear end of the first positioning pin 3 is fixed to the upper surface of the base body 1; a second positioning pin 4, a plane where the second positioning pin 4 is located and the first positioning pin 3 Parallel to the plane, the second positioning pin 4 is longer than the first positioning pin 3, the needle tip of the second positioning pin 4 is lower than the tip of the first positioning pin 3; the tip of the first positioning pin 3 The distance from the second positioning pin 4 is the radius dimension of the upper and lower diameters of the femoral neck.

In this embodiment, the opposite sides of the base body 1 are respectively provided with a sliding slot 11 perpendicular to the central through hole; the rear end of the second positioning pin 4 is provided with a mounting portion 6, and the mounting portion 6 a protrusion corresponding to the shape of the sliding slot 11 is provided, and the mounting portion 6 is provided with a mounting portion through hole perpendicular to the central through hole, and the mounting portion is provided in the through hole for The second positioning pin 4 is fixed to the fastening bolt 5 on the base body 1 shown. The sliding groove 11 is respectively disposed on opposite sides of the base body 1; the second positioning pin 4 is detachably fixedly connected to one side of the base body 1 through the mounting portion 6 at the rear end thereof, and can be used according to the specific fracture site of the patient. The positioning of the left femur or the right leg femur can be performed by simply mounting the second positioning pin 4 on the left or right side of the base 1, that is, positioning the drilling of the left leg femur or the right leg femur. Surgery, only need a special drilling locator for the femoral neck, it is very convenient to use.

In this embodiment, the mounting portion 6 at the rear end of the second positioning pin 4 is provided with more than one mounting point 61, and the tail end of the second positioning pin 4 is mounted on one of the mounting points 61, the mounting point 61 is a mounting hole, and the tail end of the second positioning pin 4 is tightly fitted with the mounting hole. By setting a plurality of mounting points 61, the distance between the first positioning pin 3 and the second positioning pin 4 is adjustable, so that a special drill hole locator for the femoral neck of the present invention has the functions of large, medium and small models. Can adapt to different femoral neck sizes and different nail requirements.

In this embodiment, the chute 11 is a U-shaped groove. Of course, a dovetail groove may also be selected.

In this embodiment, the positioner further includes a drill sleeve locking device, the drill sleeve locking device includes a handle 7, one end of the handle 7 is provided with an external thread, and the base body 1 is provided with the center The through hole communicates with the internally threaded through hole, and the externally threaded end of the handle 7 is installed in the internally threaded through hole.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, when positioning drilling is performed using the special drill hole locator of the femoral neck of the present invention, the needle tip of the first positioning needle 3 is tied in front of the femoral neck 8, that is, point A, second positioning. The needle tip of the needle 4 is tied on the top of the femoral neck 8, that is, point B, and the position of the drill sleeve 2 is adjusted, so that the head of the drill sleeve 2 abuts against the D point of the outer side 10 of the upper end of the femur, and the hole can be drilled, due to the first The needle tip of the positioning needle 3 is tied in front of the femoral neck 8, the needle tip of the second positioning needle 4 is placed on the top of the femoral neck 8, and the positioning is performed, and the second positioning needle 4 also plays a limiting role. When the drill sleeve 2 is adjusted When the head is placed against the outer side 10 of the upper end of the femur, the direction of the drill bit and the neck dry angle may be different, and the drill bit must be in a predetermined position in the femoral neck 8, that is, as shown in Fig. 3, the drill bit C must be at In the area indicated by the dotted circle, there is no drill bit that is drilled out of the femoral neck 8 and the drilling fails. This special bone drill Locator ensures the accuracy of positioning and ensures successful one-time drilling.

Embodiment 2

The second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the plane of the second positioning pin 4 is perpendicular to the plane of the first positioning pin 3.

Embodiment 3

The third embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the mounting portion 6 is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the base body 1 and is non-detachably fixed integrally with the base body 1.

The above is merely an example of a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be noted that a number of variations and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the scope of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the teachings of the present invention is also within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Special drilling locator for femoral neck, characterized by:

a base body (1), the base body (1) is provided with a central through hole;

a drill sleeve (2), the drill sleeve (2) is slidably mounted in the central through hole, and the drill sleeve (2) is provided with a through hole for guiding the drill bit;

a first positioning pin (3), the first positioning pin (3) is curved, and a needle tip of the first positioning pin (3) is located directly above an axis extension line of the central through hole, the first The distance between the tip of the positioning needle (3) and the axis extension of the central through hole is half of the anteroposterior diameter of the femoral neck; the trailing end of the first positioning pin (3) is fixed to the base (1) Upper surface

a second positioning pin (4), the second positioning pin (4) is disposed in parallel or perpendicular to the first positioning pin (3), and the second positioning pin (4) is longer than the first positioning pin (4) 3) the needle tip of the second positioning needle (4) is lower than the needle tip of the first positioning needle (3); the needle tip of the first positioning needle (3) and the second positioning needle (4) The distance between the two is the radius of the upper and lower diameters of the femoral neck.
The special drill hole locator for a femoral neck according to claim 1, wherein the opposite sides of the base body (1) are respectively provided with chutes (11) perpendicular to the central through holes; The rear end of the two positioning pins (4) is provided with a mounting portion (6), and the mounting portion (6) is provided with a convex portion adapted to the shape of the sliding groove (11), and the mounting portion (6) a mounting portion through hole perpendicular to the central through hole is provided, and a fastening bolt for fixing the second positioning pin (4) to the base body (1) is provided in the mounting portion through hole ( 5).
A special drill hole locator for a femoral neck according to claim 2, wherein the mounting portion (6) at the rear end of the second positioning pin (4) is provided with more than one mounting point (61), the second The trailing end of the positioning pin (4) is mounted on one of the mounting points (61).
A special drill hole locator for a femoral neck according to claim 2, wherein the chute (11) is a "U" shaped groove or a dovetail shaped groove.
The special positioning device for a femoral neck according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the positioner further comprises a drill sleeve locking device, the drill sleeve locking device comprising a handle (7), One end of the handle (7) is provided with an external thread, and the base body (1) is provided with an internal threaded through hole communicating with the central through hole, and the externally threaded end of the handle (7) is installed therein Threaded through the hole.