WO2012122700A1 - 一种有机物两级干燥与气化一体化的装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种有机物两级干燥与气化一体化的装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2012122700A1
WO2012122700A1 PCT/CN2011/071790 CN2011071790W WO2012122700A1 WO 2012122700 A1 WO2012122700 A1 WO 2012122700A1 CN 2011071790 W CN2011071790 W CN 2011071790W WO 2012122700 A1 WO2012122700 A1 WO 2012122700A1
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gas
drying
gasification
organic matter
enters
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French (fr)
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李爱民
高宁博
王伟云
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/02—Dust removal
    • C10K1/026—Dust removal by centrifugal forces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
    • C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
    • C10K1/32—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide with selectively adsorptive solids, e.g. active carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903—Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0909—Drying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0973—Water
    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/164—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with conversion of synthesis gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
    • C10J2300/1693—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with storage facilities for intermediate, feed and/or product
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1861—Heat exchange between at least two process streams
    • C10J2300/1869—Heat exchange between at least two process streams with one stream being air, oxygen or ozone
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a method for drying and recycling of organic substances, in particular to a method for drying high-humidity organic matter by different drying processes by utilizing heat generated by organic gasification and process heat.
  • Water content is 80% Or higher high-humidity organic matter such as urban organic matter is mainly treated by anaerobic digestion, drying, and incineration.
  • the anaerobic digestion method mainly produces methane gas through the anaerobic fermentation process, and realizes the energy utilization of the high-humidity organic matter.
  • the low moisture content of the organic matter produced after the anaerobic process is still high, and it is difficult to be subsequently processed.
  • the drying method mainly reduces the moisture in the organic matter, and the volume and weight of the dried organic matter are greatly reduced, and the calorific value per unit mass of the organic matter is increased.
  • the organic matter can be used for landfill, can be used to produce other useful products, and can also be used for incineration to recover energy and reduce the amount of land. Drying can reduce the volume reduction, reduction and resource utilization of high-humidity organic matter. The properties of the organic matter are greatly improved, but a large amount of heat is consumed in the drying process of the organic matter for evaporating the water in the organic matter, which consumes a huge amount of energy.
  • Organic matter generally contains a high calorific value, and the dried organic matter can be used as a low calorific value fuel to replace coal, reducing coal consumption to save resources.
  • the gasification method for treating organic matter is a method for effectively reducing the volume of organic matter and recovering the calorific value of organic matter, which can greatly reduce the volume of organic matter and realize resource utilization.
  • the high temperature combustible gas and the calorific value contained in the combustible gas generated during the gasification of the organic matter can serve as a heat source for drying the organic matter. Gasification can save energy and realize the harmlessness and resource utilization of organic matter.
  • the technical solution is named 'method and device for treating organic matter'.
  • the scheme mentions that the gasification and pyrolysis of organic matter directly enters the gas purification process, which is easy to cause blockage of the pipeline and generate a large amount of wastewater.
  • the gasification pyrolysis gas in the scheme is directly used for power. Recycling instead of two-stage drying.
  • the invention aims at the problem that the high-humidity organic matter needs to consume a large amount of energy in the process of drying and dehydrating, and provides an energy source for utilizing the calorific value of the organic matter to provide a high-humidity organic matter drying process through the gasification reaction.
  • the sensible heat in the gasification process of the organic matter and the heat of the gasified combustible gas are fully utilized to realize the supply of energy required for the drying process of the organic matter.
  • An energy balance-based organic matter drying and gasification system based on organic two-stage drying and organic gasification equipment is established to achieve the purpose of low-cost organic matter drying and energy recycling.
  • the organic two-stage drying and gasification integrated device comprises a gasification device, a two-stage drying device, a gas purification device, a gas storage device, a gas boiler and an air preheating device.
  • the gas outlet of the upper part of the gasification unit is connected to the inlet of the first-stage drying device through the cyclone separation device; the material outlet of the first-stage drying device is connected with the material inlet of the gasification device; the outlet pipe of the gas purification device is connected with the inlet pipe of the gas storage device;
  • the device outlet pipe is connected to the gas boiler gas transmission pipe.
  • the high pressure blower is connected to the gasification device air inlet pipe and the gas boiler air inlet pipe through the air preheating device.
  • the gas boiler water vapor pipe is connected to the first organic drying device.
  • the organic outlet end of the primary organic drying device is connected to the material inlet end of the other primary organic device.
  • An organic two-stage drying and gasification integration method using the above apparatus includes a two-stage drying process of organic matter, an organic gasification process, and a heat recovery process.
  • the first stage utilizes the high temperature generated during the gasification of the organic matter.
  • the combustible gas is used as a drying medium to dry the organic matter, and the other is to dry the organic matter with saturated steam as a drying medium.
  • the water content is 80%.
  • the above organic matter is dried to reduce the water content to 60-65%, and the organic matter produced after drying enters another drying process of the organic matter. After drying, the moisture content of the organic matter is reduced to 60-65%. 20-25%, then enter the gasification unit as a solid fuel for gasification reaction.
  • the organic matter finally produced after the two-stage drying process is used as a gasification reaction fuel, and the gasification device type may be a fluidized bed, a fluidized bed, a circulating fluidized bed or a fixed bed.
  • the gasification device type may be a fluidized bed, a fluidized bed, a circulating fluidized bed or a fixed bed.
  • the drying process of the primary organic substance is used to recover the sensible heat of the high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification, and the gas-fired boiler uses the combustible gas as a fuel to produce saturated steam as a drying medium for the organic matter. Drying; a high-pressure blower is used to generate high-pressure cold air, and the high-pressure cold air recovers the residual heat of the flue gas generated by the combustion of the gas boiler through the air preheating device, thereby achieving preheating of the air.
  • the preheated hot air is used for the air supply of the gasification unit and the air supply of the gas boiler. Some of the remaining combustible gas is used to generate electricity.
  • a preferred technical solution of the present invention is: in the drying process of the first-order organic matter, the moisture content of the imported organic matter is 80-85%, and the moisture content of the exported organic matter is 60-65%; and the moisture content of the imported organic matter in another drying process 60-65%, the water content of the exported organic matter is 20-25%; the gasification temperature of the gasification unit is 600-800 o C, and the moisture content of the organic matter in the gasification unit is 20-30%; the flue gas preheating recovery of the gas boiler The preheating temperature to the air during the process is 150-200 o C.
  • the invention has the following obvious advantages and outstanding effects: (1) Combining the two-stage drying of organic matter with the organic gasification process can fully utilize the heat value contained in the organic matter, realize zero supply of external energy, and even provide external energy.
  • the two-stage drying process can fully absorb the sensible heat generated by the gasification process and the combustion process of the gas boiler, and can directly use the calorific value of the combustible component in the gasification gas to produce water vapor. The energy is fully utilized and saved, and organic matter is converted from solid waste to fuel, which enhances the position of organic materials.
  • the drying of the multi-layer organic matter in the drying process of the two-stage organic matter according to the present invention can greatly reduce the tar component contained in the gasification gas, and becomes an effective method for high tar content in the gasification gas production of organic matter, which is difficult to solve, and has a simple process.
  • the tar removal rate is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the construction of a processing apparatus of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the basic system arrangement of the processing apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows the basic system arrangement of a processing apparatus for carrying out a two-stage drying and gasification integration process for organic materials in accordance with the present invention.
  • the high-humidity organic matter having a water content of 80% or higher such as sludge produced by a sewage treatment plant
  • the drying medium is saturated steam, and after drying, the moisture content of the organic matter is lowered. 60-65%
  • the organic matter is sent to a secondary drying device for drying, and the drying medium is a high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification device, and after drying, forms a final dried organic matter, and the water content is 20-25%.
  • the final treated organic matter is used as a solid fuel, and a gasification reaction is carried out in a gasification device, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification enters a high-temperature cyclone separation system for gas-solid separation.
  • the separated high-temperature combustible gas enters the secondary organic matter drying device as a drying medium for secondary drying of the organic matter.
  • the tar component of the combustible gas is absorbed by most of the organic matter.
  • the combustible gas enters the purification device to purify the combustible gas; the purified combustible gas enters the gas storage device for storage.
  • the combustible gas discharged from the gas storage device enters the gas boiler as a fuel, and the air supply of the gas boiler is hot air; the gas boiler generates saturated steam, and the saturated steam enters the first-stage drying device as a drying medium, and the water content is 80% Or higher high-humidity organic matter is dried, the flue gas generated after combustion of the gas boiler enters the air preheating device, and the high-pressure cold air generated by the high-pressure blower enters the air preheating gas to exchange heat with the flue gas to form hot air, which is hot air.
  • a portion of the organic gasification unit provides hot air for the gasification process and another portion enters the gas boiler to provide hot air for the combustion of the gas boiler.
  • FIG 2 is a diagram showing the basic system arrangement of a processing apparatus for carrying out a two-stage drying and gasification integration method for organic matter according to the present invention.
  • the high-humidity organic matter having a water content of 80% or higher such as sludge produced by a sewage treatment plant
  • the drying medium is a high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification device, after drying,
  • the moisture content of organic matter is reduced to 60-65%
  • the organic matter is sent to a secondary drying device for drying, the drying medium is saturated steam, and after drying, the final dried organic matter is formed, and the water content is 20-25%.
  • the final treated organic matter is used as a solid fuel, and a gasification reaction is carried out in a gasification device, and the high-temperature combustible gas generated by the gasification enters a high-temperature cyclone separation system for gas-solid separation.
  • the separated high-temperature combustible gas enters the primary organic drying device as a drying medium for primary drying of the organic matter.
  • the tar component of the combustible gas is absorbed by most of the organic matter.
  • the combustible gas enters the purification device to purify the combustible gas; the purified combustible gas enters the gas storage device for storage.
  • the combustible gas discharged from the gas storage device enters the gas boiler as a fuel, and the air supply of the gas boiler is hot air; the gas boiler generates saturated steam, and the saturated steam enters the secondary drying device as a drying medium, and the water content is 80% Or higher high-humidity organic matter is dried, the flue gas generated after combustion of the gas boiler enters the air preheating device, and the high-pressure cold air generated by the high-pressure blower enters the air preheating gas to exchange heat with the flue gas to form hot air, which is hot air.
  • a portion of the organic gasification unit provides hot air for the gasification process and another portion enters the gas boiler to provide hot air for the combustion of the gas boiler.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Description

一种有机物两级干燥与气化一体化的装置及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及环保领域，尤其涉及一种有机物的干燥及资源化利用方法，特别是利用有机物气化所产生可热气体和过程热量，通过不同的干燥过程实现对高湿有机物干燥的方法。
背景技术
含水率为 80% 或者更高的高湿有机物如城市有机物的处理主要有厌氧消化法、干燥法、焚烧法几种。厌氧消化法主要通过厌氧发酵过程产生甲烷气体，实现了高湿有机物的能源化利用，但经过厌氧过程后产生的有机物低泥含水率依然很高，难以后续处理。
干燥法以降低有机物中的水分为主，通过干燥有机物的体积、重量大幅降低，单位质量有机物热值提高。有机物经过干燥后，可以用于填埋，可以用于生产其他有用产品，也可以用于焚烧以回收能源，减少占地量等。干燥可实现高湿有机物的减容化、减量化和资源化。使有机物的性状大大改善，但有机物干燥过程中要消耗大量的热量用于将有机物中的水分蒸发掉，将消耗巨大的能量。
有机物一般含有较高的热值，干燥后的有机物可以作为低热值燃料替代煤，减少对煤的消耗以节约资源。气化方法处理有机物是一种有效减少有机物体积，回收有机物热值的方法，可以大大减少有机物的体积，实现的资源化利用。有机物气化过程中产生的高温可燃气和可燃气体中蕴含的热值可以作为有机物干燥所需的热量来源。气化即可以节约能源，又实现了有机物的无害化和资源化。
经检索发现了专利申请号为 200480028969.4 、名称为'处理有机物的方法和装置'的技术方案。该方案中提到了有机物的气化热解产气直接进入气体净化工序，这种方式容易造成管路的堵塞并会产生大量的废水，另外该方案中的气化热解产气直接用于动力回收而非两级干燥。
发明内容
本发明针对高湿有机物在干燥脱水过程中需要消耗大量的能量的问题，提供一种利用有机物自身蕴含的热值通过气化反应为高湿有机物的干化过程提供能源。通过两级干燥工艺，充分利用有机物气化过程中的显热和气化可燃气体的热量，实现对有机物干燥过程所需能量的供给。建立一套以有机物两级干燥和有机物气化设备为主体的基于能量平衡的有机物干燥气化系统，达到有机物干燥低成本化、能量循环利用的目的。
本发明提供的一种有机物两级干燥与气化一体化装置包括气化装置、两级干燥装置、煤气净化装置、储气装置、燃气锅炉和空气预热装置。气化装置上段出气口经旋风分离装置与一级干燥装置入口连接；另外一级干燥装置的物料出口与气化装置的物料进口连接；煤气净化装置出口管道与储气装置进口管道连接；储气装置出口管道与燃气锅炉燃气输送管道连接。高压鼓风机经空气预热装置后与气化装置空气入口管道和燃气锅炉空气入口管道连接。燃气锅炉水蒸汽管道与一级有机物干燥装置连接。一级有机物干燥装置的有机物出口端与另外一级有机物装置的物料进口端连接。
使用上述装置的有机物两级干燥与气化一体化方法，包括有机物的两级干燥过程、有机物气化过程和热量回收过程。
在所述的有机物的两级干燥过程中，一级利用有机物气化过程中产生的 高温 可燃气作为干燥介质对有机物进行干燥，另外一级以饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质对有机物进行干燥。在一级有机物干燥中，对含水率为 80% 以上有机物进行干燥，使其含水率降至 60-65% ，经干燥后所产生的有机物进入另外一级有机物干燥过程。经干燥后，有机物的含水率 60-65% 降至 20-25% ，然后作为固体燃料进入气化装置进行气化反应。
在有机物气化过程中，以经过两级干燥过程后最终产生的有机物作为气化反应燃料，气化装置类型为流化床、沸腾床、循环流化床及固定床均可。 有机物气化产生的 600-800oC 的高温可燃气体经高温旋风分离器后，气体中所含有的焦油成分在二级干燥过程中被吸收 90% 以上。 气化装置产生的灰渣用于制砖，气化产生的可燃气体经旋风除尘器后进入多层有机物干燥设备，旋风除尘器分离出来的灰渣也用于制砖。
在所述的热量回收过程中，一级有机物的干燥过程用于回收气化产生的高温可燃气的显热，燃气锅炉以这些可燃气体为燃料生产饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质，用于对有机物的干燥；一个高压鼓风机用于产生高压冷空气，高压冷空气通过空气预热装置回收燃气锅炉燃烧产生的烟气余热，从而实现对空气的预热。预热后的热空气用于气化装置的空气供给和燃气锅炉的空气供给。部分剩余的可燃气体用于发电。
本发明的优选技术方案是：所述的一级有机物干燥过程中，进口有机物含水率为 80-85% ，出口有机物含水率为 60-65% ；在另外一级干燥过程中，进口有机物含水率为 60-65% ，出口有机物含水率为 20-25% ；气化装置气化温度为 600-800oC ，气化装置进料有机物含水率为 20-30% ；燃气锅炉烟气预热回收过程中对空气的预热温度为 150-200oC 。
本发明具有以下明显的优点及突出效果：（ 1 ）将有机物的两级干燥与有机物气化过程相结合，可充分利用有机物中蕴含的热值，实现外来能源的零供给，甚至可以对外提供能源。（ 2 ）利用两级干燥工艺，可以充分吸收气化过程和燃气锅炉燃烧过程产生的显热，可以直接利用气化产气中的可燃组分的热值生产水蒸汽。能量得到充分利用和节约，将有机物从固体废物转化为燃料，提升了有机物品位。（ 3 ）节约能源，整个系统不需要其他外来能源，系统可以向外输出能源。（ 4 ）有效解决了气化燃气的净化问题。本发明所述的两级有机物干燥过程中的多层有机物干燥，可以大幅降低气化燃气中所含的焦油成分，成为有机物气化产气中焦油含量高，难以解决的有效方法，而且工艺简单，焦油去除率高。
附图说明
图 1 是本发明处理装置的结构方框图。
图 2 是本发明处理装置的基本系统布置方框图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明：
图 1 所示是根据本发明用于实施有机物两级干燥与气化一体化方法的处理装置的基本系统布置。如图 1 所示，含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物如污水处理厂产生的污泥被送入一级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为饱和水蒸汽，经干燥后，有机物的含水率降为 60-65% ，然后这些有机物送入二级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为气化装置产生的高温可燃气，经干燥后形成最终的干燥有机物，其含水率为 20-25% ；以这种最终处理的有机物为固体燃料，在气化装置里进行气化反应，气化产生的高温可燃气体进入高温旋风分离系统进行气固分离。分离后的高温可燃气体作为干燥介质进入二级有机物干燥装置用于对有机物的二级干燥。在此过程中，可燃气体中的焦油成分被有机物吸收大部。随后可燃气体进入净化装置，对可燃气体进行净化处理；净化后的可燃气体进入储气装置进行存储。从储气装置排出的可燃气体作为燃料进入燃气锅炉，燃气锅炉的空气供给为热空气；燃气锅炉产生饱和水蒸汽，饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质进入一级干燥装置中对含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物进行干燥，燃气锅炉燃烧后产生的烟气进入空气预热装置，经高压鼓风机产生的高压冷空气进入空气预热气与烟气进行换热形成热空气，这些热空气一部分进入有机物气化装置为气化过程提供热空气，另外一部分进入燃气锅炉，为燃气锅炉的燃烧提供热空气。
图 2 所示是根据本发明用于实施有机物两级干燥与气化一体化方法的处理装置的基本系统布置。如图 2 所示，含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物如污水处理厂产生的污泥被送入一级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为气化装置产生的高温可燃气，经干燥后，有机物的含水率降为 60-65% ，然后这些有机物送入二级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为饱和水蒸汽，经干燥后形成最终的干燥有机物，其含水率为 20-25% ；以这种最终处理的有机物为固体燃料，在气化装置里进行气化反应，气化产生的高温可燃气体进入高温旋风分离系统进行气固分离。分离后的高温可燃气体作为干燥介质进入一级有机物干燥装置用于对有机物进行一级干燥。在此过程中，可燃气体中的焦油成分被有机物吸收大部。随后可燃气体进入净化装置，对可燃气体进行净化处理；净化后的可燃气体进入储气装置进行存储。从储气装置排出的可燃气体作为燃料进入燃气锅炉，燃气锅炉的空气供给为热空气；燃气锅炉产生饱和水蒸汽，饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质进入二级干燥装置中对含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物进行干燥，燃气锅炉燃烧后产生的烟气进入空气预热装置，经高压鼓风机产生的高压冷空气进入空气预热气与烟气进行换热形成热空气，这些热空气一部分进入有机物气化装置为气化过程提供热空气，另外一部分进入燃气锅炉，为燃气锅炉的燃烧提供热空气。

Claims (3)

  1. [根据细则26改正28.04.2012]　
    一种有机物两级干燥与气化一体化的装置，其特征在下，该一体化装置包括气化装置、两级干燥装置、煤气净化装置、储气装置、燃气锅炉和空气预热装置；气化装置上段出气口经旋风分离装置与一级干燥装置入口连接；另外一级干燥装置的物料出口与气化装置的物料进口连接；煤气净化装置出口管道与储气装置进口管道连接；储气装置出口管道与燃气锅炉燃气输送管道连接；高压鼓风机经空气预热装置后与气化装置空气入口管道和燃气锅炉空气入口管道连接；燃气锅炉水蒸汽管道与一级有机物干燥装置连接；一级有机物干燥装置的有机物出口端与另外一级有机物装置的物料进口端连接。
  2. [根据细则26改正28.04.2012]
    使用权利要求1所述装置的有机物两级干燥与气化一体化方法，包括有机物的两级干燥过程、有机物气化过程和热量回收过程；其特征在于如下步骤，
    含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物被送入一级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为饱和水蒸汽，经干燥后，有机物的含水率降为 60-65% ，然后这些有机物送入二级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为气化装置产生的高温可燃气，经干燥后形成最终的干燥有机物，其含水率为 20-25% ；以这种最终处理的有机物为固体燃料，在气化装置里进行气化反应，气化产生的高温可燃气体进入高温旋风分离系统进行气固分离；分离后的高温可燃气体作为干燥介质进入二级有机物干燥装置用于对有机物的二级干燥；在此过程中，可燃气体中的焦油成分被有机物吸收大部；随后可燃气体进入净化装置，对可燃气体进行净化处理；净化后的可燃气体进入储气装置进行存储；从储气装置排出的可燃气体作为燃料进入燃气锅炉，燃气锅炉的空气供给为热空气；燃气锅炉产生饱和水蒸汽，饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质进入一级干燥装置中对含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物进行干燥，燃气锅炉燃烧后产生的烟气进入空气预热装置，经高压鼓风机产生的高压冷空气进入空气预热气与烟气进行换热形成热空气，这些热空气一部分进入有机物气化装置为气化过程提供热空气，另外一部分进入燃气锅炉，为燃气锅炉的燃烧提供热空气。
  3. [根据细则26改正28.04.2012]
    使用权利要求1所述装置的有机物两级干燥与气化一体化方法，包括有机物的两级干燥过程、有机物气化过程和热量回收过程；其特征在于如下步骤，
    含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物被送入一级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为气化装置产生的高温可燃气，经干燥后，有机物的含水率降为 60-65% ，然后这些有机物送入二级干燥装置中进行干燥，干燥介质为饱和水蒸汽，经干燥后形成最终的干燥有机物，其含水率为 20-25% ；以这种最终处理的有机物为
    固体燃料，在气化装置里进行气化反应，气化产生的高温可燃气体进入高温旋风分离系统进行气固分离；分离后的高温可燃气体作为干燥介质进入一级有机物干燥装置用于对有机物进行一级干燥；在此过程中，可燃气体中的焦油成分被有机物吸收大部；随后可燃气体进入净化装置，对可燃气体进行净化处理；净化后的可燃气体进入储气装置进行存储；从储气装置排出的可燃气体作为燃料进入燃气锅炉，燃气锅炉的空气供给为热空气；燃气锅炉产生饱和水蒸汽，饱和水蒸汽作为干燥介质进入二级干燥装置中对含水率为 80% 或更高的高湿有机物进行干燥，燃气锅炉燃烧后产生的烟气进入空气预热装置，经高压鼓风机产生的高压冷空气进入空气预热气与烟气进行换热形成热空气，这些热空气一部分进入有机物气化装置为气化过程提供热空气，另外一部分进入燃气锅炉，为燃气锅炉的燃烧提供热空气。
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CN115435582A (zh) * 2022-08-31 2022-12-06 青岛海信日立空调系统有限公司 多级余热回收烘干系统及其控制方法
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