WO2012121214A1 - Oil fence and oil collection system - Google Patents

Oil fence and oil collection system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012121214A1
WO2012121214A1 PCT/JP2012/055579 JP2012055579W WO2012121214A1 WO 2012121214 A1 WO2012121214 A1 WO 2012121214A1 JP 2012055579 W JP2012055579 W JP 2012055579W WO 2012121214 A1 WO2012121214 A1 WO 2012121214A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
diameter
fence
fluid
small
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Application number
PCT/JP2012/055579
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
清 菊川
Original Assignee
Kikukawa Kiyoshi
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Application filed by Kikukawa Kiyoshi filed Critical Kikukawa Kiyoshi
Publication of WO2012121214A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012121214A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/06—Barriers therefor construed for applying processing agents or for collecting pollutants, e.g. absorbent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil fence and an oil recovery system. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oil fence that collects drifting oil and stops the oil flowing out and drifting into the ocean, rivers, lakes, and the like, and the oil fence. It relates to the oil recovery system used.
  • Oil fences are used to prevent oil that has flowed out into the ocean, rivers, lakes, etc. from floating and diffused over a wide area, or to collect this drifting oil.
  • These oil fences have various specifications and structures, but depending on the type of floating body, those using a polymer foam for the floating body (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below), compressed air is injected.
  • a buoyancy chamber for floating for example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3 below.
  • a recovery device for example, see Patent Document 4 below
  • Patent Document 4 that uses an oil adsorbent to adsorb floating oil
  • a recovery device that encloses and recovers drifting oil with an oil fence are provided.
  • a recovery system for example, see Patent Document 5 below
  • an apparatus for collecting floating oil for example, see Patent Document 6 below
  • FIG. 11 shows an oil fence described in Patent Document 3 below, FIG. 11A is a schematic view, FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is extracted from the float portion, and FIG. 11C is a state where pressure gas is introduced into the float portion.
  • the oil fence 50 includes a float portion 52 having a cylindrical air chamber 51 connected to a pressure gas supply / exhaust source, and plates provided at opposing outer surface positions of the float portion.
  • the skirt portion 54 is connected to one end of a plurality of anchor ropes 56a and 56b via a mounting plate 55, and the other end side of these anchor ropes is connected to the seabed G. It is connected to an anchor 57 embedded in the.
  • a diffusion preventing film 58 is attached to the skirt portion 54, and the diffusion preventing film is suspended downward.
  • the float portion 52 is configured such that the air chamber 51 is partitioned into a plurality of air chambers via a partition member 59.
  • the oil fence 50 floats by buoyancy when a pressure gas is introduced into the air chamber 51, and sinks by its own weight when the pressure gas is discharged.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a spilled oil recovery system using an oil fence described in Patent Document 5 below.
  • This spilled oil recovery system 60 is connected to the oil recovery ship S1 at one end and towed by an extension ship at the other end to surround the drifting oil b, and is connected to the inside of the oil fence 61, which forms an enclosed sea area.
  • a high pressure hose 63 that forms an air curtain 62, and this high pressure hose 63 is provided in a substantially semicircular portion on the side facing the suction port 64 of the extended oil fence 61.
  • S2 is a towed ship.
  • the spilled oil recovery system 60 is provided in the high pressure hose 63 when compressed air is supplied to the high pressure hose 63 via the tube 66 from the compressor 65 installed in the oil recovery ship S1.
  • the air curtain 62 is formed by being ejected from the numerous air ejection holes formed. The formed air curtain collides with the side surface of the oil fence 61, and a large number of secondary water streams a toward the suction port 64 are generated in the closed sea area, and floating oil flows into the recovery cylinder of the oil recovery ship together with seawater. Drifting oil b is recovered efficiently.
  • JP 2002-309564 A (paragraph [0008], FIG. 1) JP 2010-24616 (paragraph [0011], FIG. 1) JP 2007-56571 (paragraphs [0003] to [0008], FIG. 1 and FIG. 4) JP-A-6-81332 (paragraph [0012], FIG. 2) JP 11-107261 A (paragraphs [0013] to [0018], FIG. 1) JP 2001-063682 (paragraphs [0004], [0007], FIG. 1)
  • the oil fence and the oil recovery device of Patent Documents 1 to 6 surrounds the sea area where the oil flowing into the ocean, rivers, lakes and the like drifts, and this drifting oil can be prevented from further spreading. Also, this drifting oil can be recovered.
  • these oil fences and oil recovery devices have the following problems in view of their configurations.
  • the oil fence using a foam for the floating body of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 requires a large storage space for storing the floating body because of its bulky volume.
  • a separate recovery device is required for oil recovery.
  • these oil fences and oil recovery devices enclose the drifting oil with the oil fence and stop spreading, while the drifting and floating oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the water, and the recovery timing is delayed. There is a risk that it cannot be recovered.
  • the conventional oil fences are intended to prevent the drifting oil from diffusing and do not have a function of collecting the drifting oil, so that the above recovery timing delay occurs.
  • the conventional oil fence is normally comprised with one tube or a hose, it is difficult to raise mechanical strength and it is unsuitable for enlargement for that reason. If the mechanical strength is weak, there is a potential problem that it cannot be used in harsh conditions such as rough seas.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence that can collect drifting and floating oil in a timely and highly efficient manner. In particular, while drifting oil is enclosed by an oil fence and spreading is stopped, it can be recovered in a timely manner before the drifting oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence capable of continuing oil recovery even when an obstacle collides and a part thereof is pierced and ruptured.
  • Another object of the present invention is that the oil can be folded or wound freely when not in use and can be stored in a compact manner, and can be quickly expanded by introduction of a fluid during use to form an oil consisting of a large-diameter hollow hole.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence in which a transport path is formed and can be collected with high efficiency in a timely manner.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence that can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide an oil recovery system capable of recovering drifting and floating oil in a timely and highly efficient manner using an oil fence having the above object.
  • an oil fence according to a first aspect of the present invention is a long oil fence that bulges by introduction of a compressed fluid and constitutes a floating body
  • the oil fence has a plurality of small-diameter hoses spirally formed on the circumference of a predetermined large-diameter circle and having a diameter and a length that are smaller than the large-diameter diameter and are inflated by introducing a compressed fluid into the inside.
  • the plurality of small diameter hoses are connected by a sheet material made of a foldable and flexible material, and when compressed fluid is introduced into these small diameter hoses, Using a fluid-introduced hollow hole forming tube in which a large-diameter opening having the same diameter as the large-diameter diameter at both ends and a large-diameter hollow hole communicating with these large-diameter openings are formed inside,
  • the fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube has an oil introduction port penetrating the side wall in the longitudinal direction and surrounding the drifting oil in the sheet material, and an outer wall bottom portion serving as a bottom portion in the longitudinal direction.
  • a plurality of drain holes for discharging seawater through a part of the oil are provided, and at least one of the large-diameter openings at both ends is introduced from the oil recovery port and the large-diameter hollow hole from the oil introduction port.
  • An oil conveyance path for conveying oil is formed.
  • the oil fence according to the second aspect is the oil fence according to the first aspect, wherein the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube is directly attached to the weight attaching portion or the weight member for attaching the weight member to the bottom of the outer wall. It is characterized by being installed.
  • the third aspect of the oil fence is the first or second aspect of the oil fence, wherein the fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube has an inside of the large-diameter hollow hole.
  • the fourth aspect of the oil fence is the same as that of the first aspect, wherein the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube introduces fluid simultaneously into each fluid introduction portion of the plurality of linear small-diameter hoses.
  • the fluid introduction ring is connected.
  • a fifth aspect of the oil recovery system uses the oil fence according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and introduces a compressed fluid into each small-diameter hose of the oil fence to inflate it,
  • a recovery pump connected to the oil fence for sucking oil in the oil fence and an oil recovery device for recovering oil from the recovery pump.
  • An oil recovery system is the oil recovery system according to the fifth aspect, wherein the compressed fluid introduction device press-fits one of fluid, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium gas.
  • the oil fence of the first aspect it is possible to stop the diffusion of the oil that flows out and drifts to the ocean, rivers, lakes, and the like using the oil fence, and it is possible to collect the drifting oil with high efficiency in a timely manner.
  • the drifting oil is surrounded by an oil fence and can be recovered in a timely manner before the drifting oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea while further spreading is stopped.
  • this oil fence is configured using a fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube composed of a plurality of small-diameter hoses. Therefore, depending on the number and length of these small-diameter hoses, any size can be easily and inexpensively. Can be made.
  • the oil fence is provided with a plurality of drain holes through which the fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube penetrates a part of the bottom of the outer wall and discharges seawater. it can.
  • the oil fence of the second aspect can be submerged to a predetermined depth in water, and the drifting oil can be recovered efficiently.
  • the drifting oil recovered can be suppressed by the partition sheet, and the drifting oil can be efficiently conveyed.
  • the introduction of the compressed fluid into the plurality of straight small-diameter hoses is simultaneously performed, and the formation of the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube becomes rapid.
  • the oil recovery system of the fifth and sixth aspects it is possible to stop the diffusion of the oil drifting using the oil fence and to collect the drifting oil with high efficiency in a timely manner.
  • this drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before it is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea.
  • FIG. 1 shows a method of mounting an oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention on a hull and recovering oil drifting on the sea by this oil recovery system.
  • FIG. 1A is towing an oil fence to the sea where oil drifts.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a state in which the drifting oil is recovered by surrounding the sea area where the oil drifts with an oil fence.
  • 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the partition sheet material in the oil fence using FIG. 2A.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an oil recovery system mounted on the hull of FIG. 4 shows the oil fence of FIG. 3, FIG.
  • FIG. 4A is a plan view in a state of being straightly extended so that the oil introduction port can be seen before spreading
  • FIG. 4B is a side view
  • FIG. 4C is an IVC of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along -IVC.
  • 5 shows the oil fence of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view in a stretched state
  • FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VB-VB of FIG. 5A
  • 6A is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIA-VIA in FIG. 5
  • FIG. 6B is an end view of one end
  • FIG. 5C is an end view of the other end.
  • 7 shows one small-diameter hose constituting the oil fence of FIG. 4, FIG.
  • FIG. 7A is a side view before spirally winding
  • FIG. 7B is a side view of the spirally wound state.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of manufacturing a fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube.
  • FIG. 9 shows a small-diameter hose made of a woven fabric having an inner surface gas sealed
  • FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of the small-diameter hose
  • FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the small-diameter hose.
  • 9C is a cross-sectional view of a small diameter hose according to a modification.
  • 10 shows a partition sheet material in the oil fence
  • FIG. 10A is a plan view
  • FIG. 10A is a plan view
  • FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 6A.
  • 11 shows a conventional oil fence
  • FIG. 11A is a schematic view
  • FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is extracted from the float portion
  • FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is introduced into the float portion.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a spilled oil recovery system using another conventional oil fence.
  • FIG. 1 shows a method of mounting an oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention on a hull and recovering oil drifting on the sea by this oil recovery system
  • FIG. 1A shows the sea where oil drifts on an oil fence
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the state where oil is collected by surrounding an area where the oil drifts with an oil fence
  • FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIA-IIA of FIG. 1A
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the oil collection
  • an oil recovery system 10 surrounds an oil O drifting on the sea or the like (hereinafter also referred to as a drifting oil O) and introduces seawater along with the drifting oil O into the inside.
  • a long oil fence 11 having a conveying path for conveying, a compressed fluid introducing / extracting device 20 for extracting a compressed fluid introduced or introduced into the oil fence, and drifting oil and seawater conveyed from the oil fence 11
  • an oil recovery device 26 for recovering oil by separating them.
  • the oil recovery system 10 is installed on land such as a quay or a waterfront, or on a hull, for example, and recovers drifting oil.
  • an example mounted on a hull that is, an oil recovery ship 30 will be described.
  • the oil recovery ship 30 has a relatively large hull, and the oil fence 11, the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20, and the oil recovery device 26 are mounted on the hull.
  • the oil fence 11 When no fluid is introduced, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it is composed of a flat and long body, and the oil fence made of this long body can be folded or extended and wound on the oil recovery ship 30. It is installed in a state where it is wound around a proper feeding / winding means (not shown).
  • the tow ship 31 is a ship that draws the oil fence 11 from the oil recovery ship 30 and tows it to the sea.
  • the oil recovery system 10 uses the oil fence 11 to collect the drifting oil.
  • one end of the oil fence is connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the other end is connected to the towed ship 31.
  • the oil fence 11 is pulled out from the oil recovery ship 30 and towed to the sea area where the oil drifts (see FIG. 1A).
  • the compressed fluid is introduced from the compressed fluid introducing device 21 to the oil fence 11 and spreads out to surround the drifting oil O (see FIG. 1B).
  • the skirt 13B attached to the bottom of the outer wall is suspended by the weight member 13A, and the oil fence 11 is submerged to a predetermined depth.
  • This oil recovery system 10 can stop the diffusion of the oil flowing out and drifting on the sea with the oil fence 11, and can recover the drifting oil in a timely and highly efficient manner.
  • the drifting oil O is enclosed by the oil fence 11 and further diffusion is stopped, the drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before being swept by the waves and sinking into the sea.
  • the oil fence 11 is formed of a plurality of small-diameter hoses, so that oil recovery can be continued even if an obstacle or the like collides and a part of the hole ruptures.
  • the oil fence 11 is composed of a plurality of, that is, any number of small-diameter hoses, the mechanical strength can be increased and the size can be increased, and the drifting oil can be efficiently supplied even under severe conditions such as rough waves. Can be recovered.
  • the compressed fluid extraction device 22 (see FIG. 3) is operated so that it can be quickly returned to the oil recovery ship 30 and stored in a folded state. Become.
  • FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a state in which the oil introduction port is linearly extended so that the oil introduction port can be seen before spreading
  • FIG. 4B is a side view
  • FIG. 4C is FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows the boom of FIG. 4
  • FIG. 5A is a perspective view in a stretched state
  • FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line VB-VB of FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 6B is an end view of one end (15a side)
  • FIG. 5C is an end view of the other end (15b side)
  • FIG. 7 is one of the components constituting the oil fence of FIG.
  • FIG. 7A is a side view before spirally winding
  • FIG. 7B is a side view of a state where the small diameter hose is wound spirally.
  • the oil fence 11 has a large-diameter hollow hole formed therein by introduction of a compressed fluid, and the large-diameter hollow hole serves as a transport path for drifting oil and seawater.
  • a tube introduction-type hollow hole forming tube
  • a partition sheet material 17 that suppresses the backflow of drifting oil collected inside the tube, drifting oil penetrating a part of the side wall through the side wall, and
  • a plurality of oil inlets 14 1 to 14 n composed of through holes for introducing seawater and a plurality of drain holes 19 1 to 19 n composed of through holes for discharging seawater through part of the bottom of the outer wall are provided. It has become.
  • Each drain hole 19 1 to 19 n is preferably provided with a drain pipe 19a having a relatively short length, for example, about 50 to 100 cm.
  • These drain pipes 19a use flexible tubes or hoses. By providing these drain pipes, only seawater can be efficiently drained without escaping the drifting oil.
  • the plurality of oil inlets 14 1 to 14 n are provided on the side wall of the tube 12 and at a position slightly higher than the sea level (see FIG. 2B). By disposing these oil inlets at a position slightly higher than the sea surface, it is possible to efficiently introduce drifting oil while suppressing the introduction (suction) of seawater. This is especially effective during rough seas.
  • the oil fence 11 is provided with a curtain-like skirt 13B that stops oil diffusion at the bottom of the outer wall, and a weight member 13A is fixed to the lower end of the skirt 13B. 11 is sunk to a predetermined depth and the skirt 13B is suspended. Note that the weight member 13A may be directly attached to the bottom of the outer wall without fixing the skirt 13B.
  • the tube 12 is formed of a plurality of, for example, 20 linear small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 .
  • the number of the small-diameter hoses is not limited to 20 and may be any number. However, the range of the drifting oil recovery area and the oil recovery capacity are determined by the increase / decrease in the number and the length of the length. .
  • the tube 12 becomes a flat and long body that can be folded or wound as shown in FIGS. and, when the compressed fluid is introduced, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it has assumed that the large-diameter hollow hole 12 0 is formed inside.
  • the tube 12 as shown in FIG. 6A, but are within the circumference of the circle C of diameter diameter D 2 formed by the introduction of compressed fluid, the fluid inlet at one end portion toward the one end to the rear
  • a plurality of small diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 having a predetermined diameter and a diameter D 3 smaller than the large diameter diameter D 2 and having a hollow hole that expands by introduction of a fluid inside, and a bendable and flexible structure with the other end closed.
  • 12 20 are arranged side by side as a hollow cylindrical body is formed on the circumference of the circle C, and when the compressed fluid is introduced into these small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20, as shown in FIG. 5B , it has become one large diameter opening 12a of the same diameter as the across large diameter D 2, the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 communicating with the large-diameter opening of 12b and the inside is formed.
  • circle C is the inscribed circle surrounded by the small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20 also, both the large diameter opening 12a, 12b and the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 flat before the compressed fluid is introduced It has a slit-like slit and a slit. Further, the relationship between the diameter D 2 and the diameter D 3 is D 2 >> D 3 . That is, this tube 12 has a slit opening at both ends in a flat state before fluid introduction and a flat slit hole communicating with these slit openings at the inside, and has a predetermined thickness D 1 , width W And a flat shape of length L ′. Fittings 15 a and 15 b are attached to both ends of the slit opening to expand them and connect to the oil recovery device 26.
  • the plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 constituting the tube 12 have the same configuration.
  • These small diameter hoses are mechanically flat, folded and flexible so that they can be wound, and the materials are wear resistance, light weight, fire resistance, pressure resistance, high pressure, It is strong and difficult to break, has a light material property or a plurality of characteristics, and is inexpensive.
  • These small-diameter hoses are a hose made of a woven cloth whose inner surface is gas-sealed, a rubber hose, or a synthetic resin hose, for example, a fire hose, a special polyester, a nylon hose, or the like.
  • FIG. 9 shows a small-diameter hose made of a woven fabric having an inner surface gas sealed
  • FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of the small-diameter hose
  • FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the small-diameter hose
  • FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view of a small-diameter hose according to a modification.
  • small diameter hoses are usually linear. If such a small-diameter hose is used as it is for tube formation of this embodiment, if this small-diameter hose is bent forcibly, it is easy to bend (buckling) and break, and the straightness of the tube when fluid is introduced. There are issues such as weakening. For example, such a small-diameter hose is coated with an airtight material on the woven fabric and its inner surface to give pressure resistance. However, if the small-diameter hose having this structure is formed in a spiral shape, the woven fabric has elasticity. For this reason, a load is applied to the woven fabric in the inner part of the spiral, and it is easily bent and broken.
  • the small-diameter hose H made of a woven fabric has a warp yarn a extending in the longitudinal direction from the circumference of the small-diameter hose and a center line passing through the center point of the circle.
  • a rigid yarn group a 1 composed of a plurality of yarns having high rigidity and low stretchability from the intersection at one end where la intersects the circumference to the intersection at the other end, the rigidity being weaker than the rigidity of the rigid yarn group a 1 and stretch the rigid thread group stretchable weak rigidity yarn group a 2 composed of a plurality of yarns that are more stretchable rigidity and stretchability without consists plurality of yarns in even more stretch of the weak rigidity yarn group a 2
  • the yarn group a 3 is further arranged at equal intervals in the order of the highly elastic yarn group a 4 having a plurality of yarns that are not rigid and have a stretchability higher than the stretchability of the stretchable yarn group a 3 .
  • a small diameter hose of FIG. 9C one side of the cross-section of the divided small hose by the center line la, increasing the rate and weak proportion of rigid thread group a 2 of the rigid thread group a 1, the ratio of elastic yarn group a 3 with it and those with a reduced proportion of high elastic yarn group a 4.
  • This small-diameter hose also has the same function and effect, and can be more easily wound in a spiral shape.
  • the tube 12 is formed by using a plurality of such small-diameter hoses, and winding them in a spiral staircase having a predetermined angle as shown in FIG. 7B.
  • the tube 12 is wound in a spiral staircase so that the length becomes L ′ ⁇ L.
  • the small-diameter hose 12 1 one of FIG. 7A, and is obtained by representing a plurality of small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for producing a tube.
  • a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are drawn on a sheet body 12S having a predetermined size with an inclined line e having a predetermined angle ⁇ with respect to the vertical line d.
  • a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval at a right angle, and these small-diameter hoses are fixed to the sheet body.
  • a plurality of oil inlets and drain holes made of through holes that penetrate the sheet body are formed between the small diameter hoses on the sheet body 12S.
  • the drain hole is preferably provided with a drain pipe having a relatively short length, for example, about 50 to 100 cm. These drain pipes use a flexible tube or hose.
  • FIG. 8 among the plurality of oil inlet and drain hole, it illustrated one oil introduction port 14 1 and the drain hole 19 1. Then, by bending the one end portion of the sheet body 12S to the other end side, a small-diameter hose 12 1 and 12 20 and is fixed so as to be adjacent positioned at both ends. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7B, a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are wound in a spiral step shape to form a tube 12.
  • the sheet body 12S has substantially the same characteristics as the small-diameter hose, that is, is flexible and elastic so that it can be mechanically flattened, folded, and wound, and it is wear-resistant, lightweight, fireproof, and pressure resistant. Use one that has one or more of the properties of light weight, high strength, high strength, and is hard to break.
  • the oil fence 11 is manufactured by using the small diameter hose as described above. Since the oil fence is formed by a plurality of small diameter hoses, by using a small diameter hose having excellent durability and the like, The strength can be increased, and large and small sizes, especially large oil fences can be formed by selecting the number to increase or decrease. In addition, since the conventional oil fence is usually formed with one tube or hose, it is difficult to increase the mechanical strength, and therefore, it is not suitable for enlargement. This problem can be solved. In more detail, the factors constituting the capability of the oil fence 11 are determined in consideration of the following factors. That is, the small diameter hose is manufactured in consideration of the material, the diameter, the internal pressure, the number of the small diameter hose, the angle when the tube is wound spirally, the sheet body, etc., and is manufactured according to the application.
  • Tube 12 prepared, for example, the small-diameter hose 12 1 wound in a spiral staircase shape as shown in FIG. 7, when the fluid is introduced from one end of the opening (fluid introducing unit) 12 21, the fluid, the other end Since the opening 1222 is closed, there is no escape space, and the force of the small diameter hose that is successively expanded and wound in a spiral staircase shape acts on the small diameter hose (see FIG. 7B).
  • the distal end portion of the tube goes straight straight, and then the portion connected to the distal end portion goes straight.
  • tube 12 by a plurality of small-diameter hose wound helically, the fluid from one aperture 12 21 of these small-diameter hose is pressed, the one having a straightness of straight straight .
  • the angle ⁇ of the small diameter hose wound in a spiral staircase may be any angle, but the smaller the smaller the angle ⁇ , the higher the straightness, and the smaller the pitch, the greater the strength of the hose.
  • An angle of 10 ° in front and rear is preferable.
  • the angle ⁇ may be from 1 °.
  • Tube 12 the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 is partitioned the upper and lower chambers R 1, R 2 by a partition sheet 17 therein.
  • the upper and lower chambers R 1 and R 2 are partitioned from the large-diameter opening 12a toward the large-diameter opening 12b at the other end.
  • boom 11 (tube 12) of the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 large diameter D 2 and substantially the same length of the tube of the elongated flexible A sheet material such as a cloth is formed, and a plurality of dropping holes 18 1 to 18 n are formed at a predetermined interval on a substantially central line in the longitudinal direction.
  • the recovered oil introduced into the chamber is swollen by waves and moved up and down to fall into the lower chamber R 2 from the plurality of dropping holes 18 1 to 18 n, and is primarily stored in the lower chamber and conveyed to the oil recovery device 26 (See FIG. 2B).
  • Collecting oil dropped into the lower chamber R 2 are not return to the upper chamber through the drop narrowing holes 18 1 ⁇ 18 n remains in the lower chamber. That is, the recovered oil once dropped into the drop chamber is not blocked by the partition sheet material and flows back.
  • the plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are connected to a compressed fluid introduction ring 16 that introduces a compressed fluid into the fluid introduction portion 12 21 of each hose.
  • the compressed fluid introduction ring 16 is connected to a compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 by a detachable pipe joint 25.
  • the pipe joint 25 includes a male joint connected to the connecting pipe 24 and a female joint into which the joint is inserted. This pipe joint can be attached and detached with one touch.
  • description is abbreviate
  • the oil fence 11 is provided with a curtain-like skirt 13B for stopping oil diffusion at the bottom of the outer wall, and a weight member 13A fixed to the lower end of the skirt 13B. 11 is sunk to a predetermined depth and the skirt 13B is suspended.
  • the skirt 13B is made of a curtain material having substantially the same length as the oil fence 11 and a predetermined width, and is a foldable and flexible sheet material that hangs downward from the oil fence due to the weight of the weight member 13A. Is formed.
  • the weight member 13A sinks the oil fence 13A to a predetermined depth in water, and includes a water conduit, a pot, a sand bag, or the like for storing a predetermined amount of water.
  • the water conduit is attached along the bottom outer wall in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and the pots or sand bags are provided at a predetermined interval, for example, at equal intervals.
  • the water guide pipe is filled with a water pump (not shown).
  • the compressed fluid introducing / extracting device 20 includes a compressed fluid introducing device 21 for introducing a fluid such as air into the oil fence 11 and a compressed fluid extracting device 22 for extracting the introduced fluid. Yes.
  • the oil fence 11 and the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 are connected by a connecting pipe 24 via a switching valve 23, and a flow meter and a pressure gauge (not shown) are provided in the middle of the connecting pipe 24.
  • the compressed fluid introduction device 21 includes a motor 21a, a compressor (compressor) 21b, and a storage tank 21c that stores compressed air.
  • the fluid is air.
  • this fluid is not limited to air, Other gas may be sufficient.
  • the gas is nitrogen, hydrogen, helium gas or the like.
  • a gas (explosion) used in an air bag or the like may be used instead of the compressed fluid introducing device 21, for example.
  • the fluid is introduced into the tube 12, the fluid is introduced while looking at the flow meter. By detecting the flow meter, it is possible to detect a gas leak hose.
  • the flowmeter was provided in the middle of the connecting pipe, you may provide it in each small diameter hose. Moreover, you may provide a pressure gauge in a small diameter hose.
  • the compressed fluid extracting device 22 is a device for extracting the fluid introduced into the tube 12 and operates in the reverse manner to the compressed fluid introducing device.
  • a vacuum pump or the like is used for the compressed fluid extraction device.
  • the straight tube 12 can be folded.
  • the oil recovery device 26 is connected to both ends of the oil fence 11, and a recovery box 27 ⁇ / b> A that primarily stores recovered oil and seawater from the oil fence and sends them to the separation device;
  • An introduction pump 27B that is connected to the recovery box and introduces recovered oil and seawater from the oil fence 11, a separation device 28 that separates the recovered oil and seawater from the transported oil, and an oil tank 29 that stores the recovered oil. It is configured.
  • the oil recovery ship 30 equipped with the oil recovery system 10 is operated along with the towed ship 31 to the sea area where the oil has flowed out and drifted.
  • the pipe 15a at one end of the oil fence 11 is connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the pipe 15b at the other end is connected to the tow ship 31.
  • the oil fence is pulled out from and the drifting oil O is surrounded.
  • the compressed fluid is introduced from the compressed fluid introducing device 21 to the oil fence 11 and spreads to form a loop to surround the drifting oil O (see FIG. 1B).
  • the skirt 13B attached to the bottom of the outer wall is suspended by the weight member 13A, and the oil fence 11 is submerged to a predetermined depth.
  • the pipe joint 15b side at the other end of the oil fence 11 is removed from the tow ship 31 and connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the introduction pump 27B is operated.
  • drifting oil and seawater are introduced into the inside of the oil fence 11, that is, by operating the introduction pump 27B, a predetermined amount of drifting oil and seawater is sucked from the oil introduction ports 14 1 to 14 n .
  • Sucked drifting oil and seawater is rubbed shaking in the booms 11, a portion of the recovered oil O is conveyed from the drop-inclusive hole 18 of the partition sheet 17 to the oil recovery device 26 enters into the lower chamber R 2 Is done.
  • a part of the seawater is discharged out of the oil fence through the drain holes 19 1 to 19 n .
  • the drifting oil and seawater conveyed to the oil recovery device 26 are separated by the separation device 28 to recover the oil.
  • This oil recovery system 10 can stop the diffusion of oil drifting on the sea with the oil fence 11 and recover the drifting oil in a timely and highly efficient manner.
  • the drifting oil O is enclosed by the oil fence 11 and further diffusion is stopped, the drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before being swept by the waves and sinking into the sea.
  • the oil fence is formed by a plurality of small-diameter hoses, the oil recovery can be continued even when an obstacle collides and a part of the hole breaks.
  • recovery of drifting oil it becomes possible to return to the original state, ie, the oil recovery ship 30, and to store in a folded state etc. by operating the compressed fluid extraction apparatus 22.
  • this oil fence is composed of a tube 12 composed of a plurality of linear small-diameter hoses, even if the number of small-diameter hoses is increased, the tubes are formed in a spirally wound state.
  • the size can be made different by increasing or decreasing the number of small-diameter hoses and the length of the hose.
  • an arbitrary size can be manufactured. That is, it can be easily and inexpensively made into an arbitrary size.
  • the oil fence of Embodiment 1 spirally wound the straight hose, it may be provided in parallel.
  • Oil recovery system 11 booms 12 fluid lead-in type hollow hole forming tube 12 1 to 12 20 diameter hose 12S sheet 12a, 12b large diameter opening 12 0 large diameter hollow hole (transport path) 13A Weight member 13B Skirt 14 1 to 14 n Oil inlet 15a, 15b Pipe joint 16 Compressed fluid inlet ring 17 Partition sheet material 18 (18 1 to 18 n ) Drop hole 19 1 to 19 n Drain hole 20 Compressed fluid introduced Extraction device 21 Compressed fluid introduction device 22 Compressed fluid extraction device 23 Switching valve 24 Connection pipe 25 Fitting 26 Oil recovery device 27A Recovery box 27B Introduction pump 28 Separation device 29 Storage tank 30 Oil recovery mother ship 31 Towing ship R 1 Upper chamber R 2 lower rooms

Abstract

Provided is an oil fence which can stop the spread of drifting oil and highly efficiently collect the drifting oil at the right time. An oil fence (11) constituting a floating body uses a tube (12) having a hole therein into which fluid is introduced, the tube (12) comprising small-diameter hoses (121-12n) which are long and are helically wound in a circle having a large diameter, the small-diameter hoses (121-12n) having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the large-diameter circle and being adapted to be inflated by compressed fluid introduced therein, the small-diameter hoses (121-12n) being joined together by a sheet material, the tube (12) being configured so that, when the compressed fluid is introduced into the small-diameter hoses (121-12n), large-diameter openings (12a, 12b), which have a diameter same as the large diameter, are formed at both ends of the tube (12) and a large-diameter hole (120) is formed within the tube (12). The sheet material comprises: an oil introduction opening which penetrates through the sidewall on the side which surrounds drifting oil; and water discharge holes (191-19n) which penetrate through a portion of the bottom section. Either the large-diameter opening (12a) and/or the large-diameter opening (12b) is formed as an oil collection opening and the large-diameter hole (120) is formed as an oil conveyance path for conveying oil introduced from the oil introduction opening.

Description

オイルフェンス及びオイル回収システムOil fence and oil recovery system
　本発明は、オイルフェンス及びオイル回収システムに係り、さらに詳しくは、海洋、河川、湖沼などに流出し漂流するオイルが拡散するのを止めると共に、この漂流オイルを回収するオイルフェンス及びこのオイルフェンスを用いたオイル回収システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to an oil fence and an oil recovery system. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oil fence that collects drifting oil and stops the oil flowing out and drifting into the ocean, rivers, lakes, and the like, and the oil fence. It relates to the oil recovery system used.
　海洋、河川、湖沼などに流出し浮遊するオイルが広範囲に拡散するのを防止し、或いはこの漂流オイルを回収するのにオイルフェンスが使用されている。これらのオイルフェンスには、種々の仕様及び構造のものがあるが、浮体の種類別では、浮体に高分子発砲体を用いたもの（例えば、下記特許文献１参照）、圧縮空気を圧入して浮かせる浮力室を設けたもの（例えば、下記特許文献２、３参照）などがある。また、オイル回収の種類別では、油吸着体を用いてこれに浮遊オイルを吸着させる回収装置（例えば、下記特許文献４参照）、オイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲い込んで回収する回収装置を備えた回収システム（例えば、下記特許文献５参照）、及び浮遊オイルを捕集する装置（例えば、下記特許文献６参照）などがある。以下、これらの幾つかを図面を参照して説明する。 Oil fences are used to prevent oil that has flowed out into the ocean, rivers, lakes, etc. from floating and diffused over a wide area, or to collect this drifting oil. These oil fences have various specifications and structures, but depending on the type of floating body, those using a polymer foam for the floating body (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below), compressed air is injected. There are those provided with a buoyancy chamber for floating (for example, see Patent Documents 2 and 3 below). In addition, according to the type of oil recovery, a recovery device (for example, see Patent Document 4 below) that uses an oil adsorbent to adsorb floating oil, and a recovery device that encloses and recovers drifting oil with an oil fence are provided. There are a recovery system (for example, see Patent Document 5 below), an apparatus for collecting floating oil (for example, see Patent Document 6 below), and the like. Some of these will be described below with reference to the drawings.
　図１１は下記特許文献３に記載されたオイルフェンスを示し、図１１Ａは概略図、図１１Ｂはフロート部から圧力気体を抜いた状態の断面図、図１１Ｃはフロート部へ圧力気体を導入した状態の断面図である。このオイルフェンス５０は、図１１Ａにみられるように、圧力気体の給排源に接続される筒状の空気室５１を有するフロート部５２と、このフロート部の相対向する外面位置に設けた板状のヒンジ部５３及びスカート部５４とを備え、スカート部５４は、取付けプレート５５を介して複数本のアンカーロープ５６ａ、５６ｂの一端に連結されて、これらのアンカーロープの他端側は海底Ｇに埋設したアンカー５７に連結されている。また、このスカート部５４には、拡散防止膜５８を取付けて、この拡散防止膜が下方へ垂下されている。フロート部５２は、空気室５１が仕切り部材５９を介して複数の空気室に区画されたものとなっている。このオイルフェンス５０は、空気室５１に圧力気体が導入されると、浮力により浮上し、また圧力気体が排出されると自重で沈下するようになっている。 11 shows an oil fence described in Patent Document 3 below, FIG. 11A is a schematic view, FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is extracted from the float portion, and FIG. 11C is a state where pressure gas is introduced into the float portion. FIG. As shown in FIG. 11A, the oil fence 50 includes a float portion 52 having a cylindrical air chamber 51 connected to a pressure gas supply / exhaust source, and plates provided at opposing outer surface positions of the float portion. The skirt portion 54 is connected to one end of a plurality of anchor ropes 56a and 56b via a mounting plate 55, and the other end side of these anchor ropes is connected to the seabed G. It is connected to an anchor 57 embedded in the. Further, a diffusion preventing film 58 is attached to the skirt portion 54, and the diffusion preventing film is suspended downward. The float portion 52 is configured such that the air chamber 51 is partitioned into a plurality of air chambers via a partition member 59. The oil fence 50 floats by buoyancy when a pressure gas is introduced into the air chamber 51, and sinks by its own weight when the pressure gas is discharged.
　図１２は下記特許文献５に記載されたオイルフェンスを用いた流出オイル回収システムの模式平面図である。この流出オイル回収システム６０は、一端をオイル回収船Ｓ１に繋ぎ他端を展張船で曳航して漂流するオイルｂを囲み、閉鎖海域を形成するオイルフェンス６１と、このオイルフェンスの内側に連結されてエアーカーテン６２を形成する高圧ホース６３とを備え、この高圧ホース６３は、展張したオイルフェンス６１の吸込み口６４に対向する側のほぼ半円部に設けた構成となっている。なお、Ｓ２は曳航船となっている。この流出オイル回収システム６０は、オイル回収船Ｓ１に設置された圧縮機６５からチューブ６６を介して高圧ホース６３に圧縮空気が供給されと、その圧縮空気が気泡群となって高圧ホース６３に設けられた多数の空気噴出孔から噴出してエアーカーテン６２が形成される。形成されたエアーカーテンは、オイルフェンス６１の側面に衝突して、吸込み口６４に向かう多数の二次水流ａが閉鎖海域に生じて、浮遊オイルが海水と共にオイル回収船の回収筒へ流入して漂流オイルｂが効率よく回収される。 FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a spilled oil recovery system using an oil fence described in Patent Document 5 below. This spilled oil recovery system 60 is connected to the oil recovery ship S1 at one end and towed by an extension ship at the other end to surround the drifting oil b, and is connected to the inside of the oil fence 61, which forms an enclosed sea area. And a high pressure hose 63 that forms an air curtain 62, and this high pressure hose 63 is provided in a substantially semicircular portion on the side facing the suction port 64 of the extended oil fence 61. S2 is a towed ship. The spilled oil recovery system 60 is provided in the high pressure hose 63 when compressed air is supplied to the high pressure hose 63 via the tube 66 from the compressor 65 installed in the oil recovery ship S1. The air curtain 62 is formed by being ejected from the numerous air ejection holes formed. The formed air curtain collides with the side surface of the oil fence 61, and a large number of secondary water streams a toward the suction port 64 are generated in the closed sea area, and floating oil flows into the recovery cylinder of the oil recovery ship together with seawater. Drifting oil b is recovered efficiently.
特開２００２－３０９５６４号公報（段落〔０００８〕、図１）JP 2002-309564 A (paragraph [0008], FIG. 1) 特開２０１０－２４６１６号公報（段落〔００１１〕、図１）JP 2010-24616 (paragraph [0011], FIG. 1) 特開２００７－５６５７１号公報（段落〔０００３〕～〔０００８〕、図１、図４）JP 2007-56571 (paragraphs [0003] to [0008], FIG. 1 and FIG. 4) 特開平６－８１３３２号公報（段落〔００１２〕、図２）JP-A-6-81332 (paragraph [0012], FIG. 2) 特開１１－１０７２６１号公報（段落〔００１３〕～〔００１８〕、図１）JP 11-107261 A (paragraphs [0013] to [0018], FIG. 1) 特開２００１－０６３６８２号公報（段落〔０００４〕、〔０００７〕、図１）JP 2001-063682 (paragraphs [0004], [0007], FIG. 1)
　上記特許文献１～６のオイルフェンス及びオイル回収装置などによれば、オイルフェンスで海洋、河川、湖沼などに流出したオイルが漂流する海域を囲い込み、この漂流オイルがさらに拡散するのを阻止でき、また、この漂流オイルを回収できる。しかしながら、これらのオイルフェンス及びオイル回収装置などは、それらの構成からみて、以下の課題が潜在している。例えば、上記特許文献１の浮体に発泡体を用いたオイルフェンスは、浮体の容積が嵩張るために、これを収納するには広い収納スペースが必要となり、また、持ち運びや展張・収納作業に人手が多く掛り、さらにオイルの回収には別途回収装置が必要となる。また、上記特許文献２、３の空気室で浮かせるオイルフェンスは、フロート部、すなわち圧力気体の圧入により膨らむホースに障害物などが接触、衝突すると、穿孔破裂して浮力が失われて水中へ沈下してしまい使用ができなくなる恐れがあり、また別途回収装置なども必要となる。 According to the oil fence and the oil recovery device of Patent Documents 1 to 6, the oil fence surrounds the sea area where the oil flowing into the ocean, rivers, lakes and the like drifts, and this drifting oil can be prevented from further spreading. Also, this drifting oil can be recovered. However, these oil fences and oil recovery devices have the following problems in view of their configurations. For example, the oil fence using a foam for the floating body of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 requires a large storage space for storing the floating body because of its bulky volume. In addition, a separate recovery device is required for oil recovery. In addition, the oil fence that floats in the air chambers of Patent Documents 2 and 3 described above, when an obstacle or the like touches and collides with the float portion, that is, a hose that is inflated by pressurization of pressurized gas, the buoyancy is lost and the buoyancy is lost and it sinks into the water. Therefore, there is a possibility that it cannot be used, and a separate collecting device is required.
　さらに、上記特許文献４の回収装置は、吸油材に浮遊オイルを吸着させるだけなので、その吸着量に限度があり大量の流出オイルを回収するのが難しく、また、吸着したオイルを処分するには別途処分装置が必要となる。さらに、上記特許文献６の捕集装置は、まずオイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲い、次いで捕集して、その後での回収となるので、回収までに時間が掛り、また回収効率をアップさせるのが難しいものになっている。 Furthermore, since the recovery device of Patent Document 4 only adsorbs floating oil to the oil absorbing material, the amount of adsorption is limited and it is difficult to recover a large amount of spilled oil, and in order to dispose of the adsorbed oil A separate disposal device is required. Furthermore, since the collecting device of the above-mentioned patent document first encloses the drifting oil with an oil fence, then collects it and then collects it later, it takes time to recover and improves the recovery efficiency. It is difficult.
　さらにまた、これらのオイルフェンス及びオイル回収装置は、オイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲い拡散を止めている間に、漂流し浮遊しているオイルが波で揉まれて水中へ沈み込み回収タイミングが遅れて回収しできなくなる恐れがある。そもそも、これまでのオイルフェンスは、漂流オイルの拡散阻止を目的したもので漂流オイルを回収する機能を持ったものでないので、上記の回収タイミング遅れが発生することになる。また、これまでのオイルフェンスは、通常、１本のチューブ又はホースで構成されるので、機械的強度をアップさせるのが難しく、そのために大型化に適さないものとなっている。機械的強度が弱いと、荒海などの過酷な条件での使用もできないなどの課題が潜在している。 Furthermore, these oil fences and oil recovery devices enclose the drifting oil with the oil fence and stop spreading, while the drifting and floating oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the water, and the recovery timing is delayed. There is a risk that it cannot be recovered. In the first place, the conventional oil fences are intended to prevent the drifting oil from diffusing and do not have a function of collecting the drifting oil, so that the above recovery timing delay occurs. Moreover, since the conventional oil fence is normally comprised with one tube or a hose, it is difficult to raise mechanical strength and it is unsuitable for enlargement for that reason. If the mechanical strength is weak, there is a potential problem that it cannot be used in harsh conditions such as rough seas.
　そこで本発明は、このような従来技術に潜在する課題を解決するためになされたもので、本発明の目的は、海洋、河川、湖沼などに流出し漂流するオイルのさらなる拡散を止めると共に、この漂流し浮遊するオイルをタイミングよく高効率に回収できるオイルフェンスを提供することにある。特に、オイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲み拡散を止めている間にこの漂流オイルが波で揉まれて海中へ沈み込む前にタイミングよく回収できる。 Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the problems inherent in such prior art, and the object of the present invention is to stop further diffusion of oil flowing out and drifting into the ocean, rivers, lakes, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence that can collect drifting and floating oil in a timely and highly efficient manner. In particular, while drifting oil is enclosed by an oil fence and spreading is stopped, it can be recovered in a timely manner before the drifting oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea.
　本発明の他の目的は、障害物などが衝突して一部が穿孔破裂などしてもオイルの回収が続行可能なオイルフェンスを提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence capable of continuing oil recovery even when an obstacle collides and a part thereof is pierced and ruptured.
　本発明のまた他の目的は、不使用時に折畳み又は巻回自在でコンパクトに収納して置くことができて、使用時に流体の導入により素早く展伸させて内部に大径中空孔からなるオイルの搬送路が形成されてタイミングよく高効率に回収できるオイルフェンスを提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is that the oil can be folded or wound freely when not in use and can be stored in a compact manner, and can be quickly expanded by introduction of a fluid during use to form an oil consisting of a large-diameter hollow hole. An object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence in which a transport path is formed and can be collected with high efficiency in a timely manner.
　本発明のさらにまた他の目的は、簡単且つ安価に作製できるオイルフェンスを提供することにある。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide an oil fence that can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.
　本発明のさらにまた他の目的は、上記目的を備えたオイルフェンスを用いて、漂流し浮遊するオイルをタイミングよく高効率に回収できるオイル回収システムを提供することにある。 Still another object of the present invention is to provide an oil recovery system capable of recovering drifting and floating oil in a timely and highly efficient manner using an oil fence having the above object.
　上記目的を達成するために、本発明の第１の態様のオイルフェンスは、圧縮流体の導入により膨らみ浮体を構成する長尺のオイルフェンスであって、
　前記オイルフェンスは、所定の大径直径円の円周上に、前記大径直径より小さい直径及び長尺で内部への圧縮流体の導入により膨らむ複数本の小径ホースが前記円周上に螺旋状に巻回されて配設され、前記複数本の小径ホースは、折畳み自在で可撓性のある材料からなるシート材で結合されており、これらの小径ホースに圧縮流体が導入されたときに、両端に前記大径直径と同じ大きさの直径の大径開口部及び内部にこれらの大径開口部に連通する大径中空孔が形成される流体導入式中空孔形成チューブを用い、
　前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記シート材に、長手方向にあって漂流オイルを囲む側の側壁に該側壁を貫通するオイル導入口と、長手方向の下方にあって底部となる外壁底部の一部を貫通して海水を排出する複数個の排水孔が設けられて、前記両端の大径開口部の少なくとも一方がオイル回収口及び前記大径中空孔が前記オイル導入口から導入されたオイルを搬送するオイル搬送路が形成されることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, an oil fence according to a first aspect of the present invention is a long oil fence that bulges by introduction of a compressed fluid and constitutes a floating body,
The oil fence has a plurality of small-diameter hoses spirally formed on the circumference of a predetermined large-diameter circle and having a diameter and a length that are smaller than the large-diameter diameter and are inflated by introducing a compressed fluid into the inside. The plurality of small diameter hoses are connected by a sheet material made of a foldable and flexible material, and when compressed fluid is introduced into these small diameter hoses, Using a fluid-introduced hollow hole forming tube in which a large-diameter opening having the same diameter as the large-diameter diameter at both ends and a large-diameter hollow hole communicating with these large-diameter openings are formed inside,
The fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube has an oil introduction port penetrating the side wall in the longitudinal direction and surrounding the drifting oil in the sheet material, and an outer wall bottom portion serving as a bottom portion in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of drain holes for discharging seawater through a part of the oil are provided, and at least one of the large-diameter openings at both ends is introduced from the oil recovery port and the large-diameter hollow hole from the oil introduction port. An oil conveyance path for conveying oil is formed.
　また、第２の態様のオイルフェンスは、前記第１の態様のオイルフェンスにおいて、前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記外壁底部に重錘部材を取付ける重錘取付け部又は重錘部材が直接取付けられていることを特徴とする。 Further, the oil fence according to the second aspect is the oil fence according to the first aspect, wherein the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube is directly attached to the weight attaching portion or the weight member for attaching the weight member to the bottom of the outer wall. It is characterized by being installed.
　また、第３の態様のオイルフェンスは、前記第１又は２の態様のオイルフェンスにおいて、前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記大径中空孔内が前記複数個のオイル導入口が上室に位置するようにして、前記一端の大径開口部から前記他端の大径開口部に向けて、オイルを通過させる落し込み孔が設けられた可撓性のある仕切りシートで仕切って上下２室に区画されていることを特徴とする。 The third aspect of the oil fence is the first or second aspect of the oil fence, wherein the fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube has an inside of the large-diameter hollow hole. A flexible structure in which a plurality of oil introduction ports are located in the upper chamber and a drop hole is provided to allow oil to pass from the large-diameter opening at the one end toward the large-diameter opening at the other end. It is divided into two upper and lower chambers by partitioning with a partition sheet having a characteristic.
　また、第４の態様のオイルフェンスは、前記第１の態様のオイルフェンスにおいて、前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記複数本の直線状小径ホースの各流体導入部に、流体が同時に導入される流体導入リングが接続されていることを特徴とする。 The fourth aspect of the oil fence is the same as that of the first aspect, wherein the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube introduces fluid simultaneously into each fluid introduction portion of the plurality of linear small-diameter hoses. The fluid introduction ring is connected.
　また、第５の態様のオイル回収システムは、請求項１～４のいずれかの態様のオイルフェンスを用い、前記オイルフェンスの各小径ホースに圧縮流体を導入して膨らませる圧縮流体導入装置と、前記オイルフェンスに接続されてオイルフェンス内のオイルを吸入する回収ポンプと、前記回収ポンプからのオイルを回収するオイル回収装置とからなることを特徴とする。 A fifth aspect of the oil recovery system uses the oil fence according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and introduces a compressed fluid into each small-diameter hose of the oil fence to inflate it, A recovery pump connected to the oil fence for sucking oil in the oil fence and an oil recovery device for recovering oil from the recovery pump.
　また、第６の態様のオイル回収システムは、前記第５の態様のオイル回収システムにおいて、前記圧縮流体導入装置は、流体、窒素、水素、ヘリウムガスのいずれかを圧入するものであることを特徴とする。 An oil recovery system according to a sixth aspect is the oil recovery system according to the fifth aspect, wherein the compressed fluid introduction device press-fits one of fluid, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium gas. And
　第１の態様のオイルフェンスによれば、このオイルフェンスを用いて海洋、河川、湖沼などに流出し漂流するオイルの拡散を止めることができると共に、この漂流オイルをタイミングよく高効率に回収できる。特に、オイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲み、更なる拡散を止めている間にこの漂流オイルが波で揉まれて海中へ沈み込む前にタイミングよく回収できる。また、このオイルフェンスは、複数本の小径ホースからなる流体導入式中空孔形成チューブを用いて構成されているので、これらの小径ホースの本数及び長さにより、任意のサイズにして簡単且つ安価に作製できる。さらに、オイルフェンスに障害物が衝突して、たとえ一部が穿孔などで破裂してもそのまま安全に使用が継続できる。
　また、流体導入式中空孔形成チューブの複数本の直線状小径ホースが大径直径の円周上に螺旋状に巻回されているので、空気が圧入された状体に維持して大径直径円を保持することにより、直進性を有する機械的強度がアップする。
　また、前記複数本の小径ホースの隣接するホース間のシート材に形成されているオイル導入口及び排水孔の形成が容易になる。
　また、オイルフェンスは、流体導入式中空孔形成チューブが外壁底部の一部を貫通して海水を排出する複数個の排水孔を設けられているので、海水を排出してオイルの回収が効率よくできる。 According to the oil fence of the first aspect, it is possible to stop the diffusion of the oil that flows out and drifts to the ocean, rivers, lakes, and the like using the oil fence, and it is possible to collect the drifting oil with high efficiency in a timely manner. In particular, the drifting oil is surrounded by an oil fence and can be recovered in a timely manner before the drifting oil is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea while further spreading is stopped. In addition, this oil fence is configured using a fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube composed of a plurality of small-diameter hoses. Therefore, depending on the number and length of these small-diameter hoses, any size can be easily and inexpensively. Can be made. Furthermore, even if an obstacle collides with an oil fence, even if a part is ruptured by drilling or the like, it can be safely used as it is.
In addition, since a plurality of linear small-diameter hoses of the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube are spirally wound on the circumference of the large-diameter diameter, the large-diameter diameter is maintained in a state where air is press-fitted. By holding the circle, the mechanical strength having straightness is increased.
Moreover, it becomes easy to form the oil inlet and the drain hole formed in the sheet material between the adjacent hoses of the plurality of small diameter hoses.
In addition, the oil fence is provided with a plurality of drain holes through which the fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube penetrates a part of the bottom of the outer wall and discharges seawater. it can.
　また、第２の態様のオイルフェンスによれば、オイルフェンスを水中に所定の深さ沈めて、漂流オイルの回収を効率よく回収できる。 Further, according to the oil fence of the second aspect, the oil fence can be submerged to a predetermined depth in water, and the drifting oil can be recovered efficiently.
　また、第３の態様のオイルフェンスによれば、仕切りシートにより、回収された漂流オイルが逆流するのを抑制して、漂流オイルを効率よく搬送できる。 Moreover, according to the oil fence of the third aspect, the drifting oil recovered can be suppressed by the partition sheet, and the drifting oil can be efficiently conveyed.
　また、第４の態様のオイルフェンスによれば、複数本の直状小径ホースへの圧縮流体の導入が同時になり、流体導入式中空孔形成チューブの形成が迅速になる。 Also, according to the fourth aspect of the oil fence, the introduction of the compressed fluid into the plurality of straight small-diameter hoses is simultaneously performed, and the formation of the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube becomes rapid.
　また、第５、６の態様のオイル回収システムによれば、オイルフェンスを用いて漂流するオイルの拡散を止めることができると共にこの漂流オイルをタイミングよく高効率に回収できる。特に、オイルフェンスで漂流オイルを囲み更なる拡散を止めている間にこの漂流オイルが波で揉まれて海中へ沈み込む前にタイミングよく回収できる。 Further, according to the oil recovery system of the fifth and sixth aspects, it is possible to stop the diffusion of the oil drifting using the oil fence and to collect the drifting oil with high efficiency in a timely manner. In particular, while drifting oil is surrounded by an oil fence and further diffusion is stopped, this drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before it is sunk by waves and sinks into the sea.
図１は本発明の実施形態に係るオイル回収システムを船体に搭載して、このオイル回収システムにより海上に漂流するオイルを回収する方法を示し、図１Ａはオイルフェンスをオイルが漂流する海上へ曳航する状態の概略図、図１Ｂはオイルフェンスでオイルが漂流する海域を囲んで漂流オイルを回収する状態の概要図である。FIG. 1 shows a method of mounting an oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention on a hull and recovering oil drifting on the sea by this oil recovery system. FIG. 1A is towing an oil fence to the sea where oil drifts. FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a state in which the drifting oil is recovered by surrounding the sea area where the oil drifts with an oil fence. 図２Ａは図１ＡのIIＡ－IIＡ線の断面図、図２Ｂは図２Ａを使用してオイルフェンス内の仕切りシート材の作用を説明する断面図である。2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIA-IIA in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view illustrating the operation of the partition sheet material in the oil fence using FIG. 2A. 図３は図１の船体に搭載したオイル回収システムの斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an oil recovery system mounted on the hull of FIG. 図４は図３のオイルフェンスを示し、図４Ａは展張する前にあってオイル導入口が見えるように直線状に延ばした状態の平面図、図４Ｂは側面図、図４Ｃは図３ＡのIVＣ－IVＣで切断した断面図である。4 shows the oil fence of FIG. 3, FIG. 4A is a plan view in a state of being straightly extended so that the oil introduction port can be seen before spreading, FIG. 4B is a side view, and FIG. 4C is an IVC of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along -IVC. 図５は図４のオイルフェンスを示し、図５Ａは展張した状態の斜視図、図５Ｂは図５ＡのＶＢ－ＶＢ線で切断した断面図である。5 shows the oil fence of FIG. 4, FIG. 5A is a perspective view in a stretched state, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VB-VB of FIG. 5A. 図６Ａは図５のVIＡ－VIＡ線の断面図、図６Ｂは一端の端面図、図５Ｃは他端の端面図である。6A is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIA-VIA in FIG. 5, FIG. 6B is an end view of one end, and FIG. 5C is an end view of the other end. 図７は図４のオイルフェンスを構成する１本の小径ホースを示し、図７Ａは螺旋状に巻回する前の側面図、図７Ｂは螺旋状に巻回した状態の側面図である。7 shows one small-diameter hose constituting the oil fence of FIG. 4, FIG. 7A is a side view before spirally winding, and FIG. 7B is a side view of the spirally wound state. 図８は流体導入式中空孔形成チューブを作製する作製模式図である。FIG. 8 is a schematic view of manufacturing a fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube. 図９は内面に気体密封処理を施した織布からなる小径ホースを示し、図９Ａは小径ホースの一部断面図、図９Ｂは小径ホースの長手方向と直交する方向で切断した断面図、図９Ｃは変形例に係る小径ホースの断面図である。FIG. 9 shows a small-diameter hose made of a woven fabric having an inner surface gas sealed, FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of the small-diameter hose, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the small-diameter hose. 9C is a cross-sectional view of a small diameter hose according to a modification. 図１０はオイルフェンス内の仕切りシート材を示し、図１０Ａは平面図、図１０Ｂは図６ＡのＸＢ－ＸＢ線の断面図である。10 shows a partition sheet material in the oil fence, FIG. 10A is a plan view, and FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line XB-XB in FIG. 6A. 図１１は従来技術のオイルフェンスを示し、図１１Ａは概略図、図１１Ｂはフロート部から圧力気体を抜いた状態の断面図、図１１Ｃはフロート部へ圧力気体を導入した状態の断面図である。11 shows a conventional oil fence, FIG. 11A is a schematic view, FIG. 11B is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is extracted from the float portion, and FIG. 11C is a cross-sectional view of a state where pressure gas is introduced into the float portion. . 図１２は他の従来技術のオイルフェンスを用いた流出オイル回収システムの模式平面図である。FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of a spilled oil recovery system using another conventional oil fence.
　以下、図面を参照して本発明の実施形態を説明する。但し、以下に示す実施形態は、本発明の技術思想を具体化するためのオイルフェンス及びこのオイルフェンスを用いて海上等に流出し漂流するオイルを回収するオイル回収システムを例示するものであって、本発明をこれらに特定することを意図するものではなく、特許請求の範囲に含まれるその他の実施形態のものにも等しく適応し得るものである。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment shown below exemplifies an oil fence for embodying the technical idea of the present invention and an oil recovery system for recovering oil drifting out and drifting to the sea using this oil fence. However, it is not intended to limit the invention to these, but is equally applicable to other embodiments within the scope of the claims.
　図１～図３を参照して、本発明の実施形態に係るオイル回収システム及びこのオイル回収システムを用いたオイルの回収方法の概要を説明する。なお、図１は本発明の実施形態に係るオイル回収システムを船体に搭載して、このオイル回収システムにより海上に漂流するオイルを回収する方法を示し、図１Ａはオイルフェンスをオイルが漂流する海上へ曳航する状態の概略図、図１Ｂはオイルフェンスでオイルが漂流する海域を囲んでオイルを回収する状態の概要図、図２Ａは図１ＡのＩＩＡ－ＩＩＡ線の断面図、図２Ｂは図２Ａを使用してオイルフェンス内の仕切りシート材の作用を説明する断面図、図３は図１の船体に搭載したオイル回収システムの斜視図である。 1 to 3, an outline of an oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention and an oil recovery method using the oil recovery system will be described. 1 shows a method of mounting an oil recovery system according to an embodiment of the present invention on a hull and recovering oil drifting on the sea by this oil recovery system, and FIG. 1A shows the sea where oil drifts on an oil fence. FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the state where oil is collected by surrounding an area where the oil drifts with an oil fence, FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIA-IIA of FIG. 1A, and FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the effect | action of the partition sheet | seat material in an oil fence using FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the oil collection | recovery system mounted in the hull of FIG.
　本発明の実施形態に係るオイル回収システム１０は、図１に示すように、海上などに漂流するオイルＯ（以下、漂流オイルＯともいう）を囲み内部にこの漂流オイルＯと共に海水を導入して搬送する搬送路を有する長尺のオイルフェンス１１と、このオイルフェンスに圧縮流体を導入或いは導入した圧縮流体を抜取る圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０と、オイルフェンス１１から搬送された漂流オイル及び海水からそれらを分離してオイルを回収するオイル回収装置２６とを備えている。このオイル回収システム１０は、例えば岸壁又は水際などの陸上、或いは船体などに設置して、漂流オイルを回収するものとなっている。この実施形態では、船体、すなわちオイル回収船３０に搭載した例について説明する。 As shown in FIG. 1, an oil recovery system 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention surrounds an oil O drifting on the sea or the like (hereinafter also referred to as a drifting oil O) and introduces seawater along with the drifting oil O into the inside. A long oil fence 11 having a conveying path for conveying, a compressed fluid introducing / extracting device 20 for extracting a compressed fluid introduced or introduced into the oil fence, and drifting oil and seawater conveyed from the oil fence 11 And an oil recovery device 26 for recovering oil by separating them. The oil recovery system 10 is installed on land such as a quay or a waterfront, or on a hull, for example, and recovers drifting oil. In this embodiment, an example mounted on a hull, that is, an oil recovery ship 30 will be described.
　オイル回収船３０は、図１に示すように、比較的大型の船体からなり、この船体に、オイルフェンス１１、圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０及びオイル回収装置２６を搭載し、オイルフェンス１１は、流体が導入されていないときには、図３、図４に示すように、偏平状の長尺体からなり、この長尺体からなるオイルフェンスがオイル回収船３０上に折畳み或いは繰出し及び巻取自在な繰出し・巻取手段（図示省略）などに巻回した状態で設置されている。曳航船３１は、オイルフェンス１１をオイル回収船３０から引出して海上へ曳航する船となっている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the oil recovery ship 30 has a relatively large hull, and the oil fence 11, the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20, and the oil recovery device 26 are mounted on the hull. When no fluid is introduced, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, it is composed of a flat and long body, and the oil fence made of this long body can be folded or extended and wound on the oil recovery ship 30. It is installed in a state where it is wound around a proper feeding / winding means (not shown). The tow ship 31 is a ship that draws the oil fence 11 from the oil recovery ship 30 and tows it to the sea.
　このオイル回収システム１０による漂流オイルの回収は、オイルフェンス１１を用い、まず、このオイルフェンスの一端をオイル回収装置２６に連結し、他端を曳航船３１に連結して、この曳航船３１によりオイル回収船３０からオイルフェンス１１を引出してオイルが漂流する海域へ曳航する（図１Ａ参照）。曳航中には、オイルフェンス１１へ圧縮流体導入装置２１から圧縮流体を導入して展伸させてループ状にして漂流オイルＯを囲む（図１Ｂ参照）。なお、この状態では、オイルフェンス１１は、図２に示すように、外壁底部に取付けたスカート１３Ｂが重錘部材１３Ａにより垂下されると共に、オイルフェンス１１が所定深さ沈められている。次いで、このオイルフェンス１１で漂流オイルＯを囲んだ後に、オイルフェンス１１の他端を曳航船３１から外してオイル回収装置２６へ連結替えして、この状態でオイル回収装置２６を作動させて、このオイルフェンス１１から内部に漂流オイル及び海水を導入して、この導入した海水及びオイルからそれらを分離してオイルを回収する。 The oil recovery system 10 uses the oil fence 11 to collect the drifting oil. First, one end of the oil fence is connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the other end is connected to the towed ship 31. The oil fence 11 is pulled out from the oil recovery ship 30 and towed to the sea area where the oil drifts (see FIG. 1A). During towing, the compressed fluid is introduced from the compressed fluid introducing device 21 to the oil fence 11 and spreads out to surround the drifting oil O (see FIG. 1B). In this state, as shown in FIG. 2, in the oil fence 11, the skirt 13B attached to the bottom of the outer wall is suspended by the weight member 13A, and the oil fence 11 is submerged to a predetermined depth. Next, after the drifting oil O is surrounded by the oil fence 11, the other end of the oil fence 11 is removed from the tow ship 31 and connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the oil recovery device 26 is operated in this state, Drifting oil and seawater are introduced into the inside from the oil fence 11, and the oil is recovered by separating them from the introduced seawater and oil.
　このオイル回収システム１０によれば、オイルフェンス１１で海上に流出し漂流するオイルの拡散を止めると共に、この漂流オイルをタイミングよく且つ高効率に回収できる。特に、オイルフェンス１１で漂流オイルＯを囲み更なる拡散を止めている間に、この漂流オイルが波で揉まれて海中へ沈み込む前にタイミングよく回収できる。また、このオイルフェンス１１は、後述するように、複数本の小径ホースで形成してあるので、障害物などが衝突して一部が穿孔破裂などしてもオイルの回収が続行できる。さらに、このオイルフェンス１１は、複数本、すなわち任意本数の小径ホースで構成するので、機械的強度をアップして大型化が可能になり、しかも、荒波などの過酷な条件でも効率よく漂流オイルを回収できる。なお、漂流オイルの回収終了後は、圧縮流体抜取り装置２２（図３参照）を作動させることによって、元の状態、すなわちオイル回収船３０へ素早く戻して折畳み状態などにして保管することが可能になる。 This oil recovery system 10 can stop the diffusion of the oil flowing out and drifting on the sea with the oil fence 11, and can recover the drifting oil in a timely and highly efficient manner. In particular, while the drifting oil O is enclosed by the oil fence 11 and further diffusion is stopped, the drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before being swept by the waves and sinking into the sea. Further, as will be described later, the oil fence 11 is formed of a plurality of small-diameter hoses, so that oil recovery can be continued even if an obstacle or the like collides and a part of the hole ruptures. Furthermore, since the oil fence 11 is composed of a plurality of, that is, any number of small-diameter hoses, the mechanical strength can be increased and the size can be increased, and the drifting oil can be efficiently supplied even under severe conditions such as rough waves. Can be recovered. After the collection of the drifting oil, the compressed fluid extraction device 22 (see FIG. 3) is operated so that it can be quickly returned to the oil recovery ship 30 and stored in a folded state. Become.
　以下、このオイル回収システム１０を構成するオイルフェンス１１、オイル回収装置２６及び圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０のそれぞれの構造を詳述する。 Hereinafter, the structures of the oil fence 11, the oil recovery device 26, and the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 constituting the oil recovery system 10 will be described in detail.
　まず、図４～図７を参照して、オイルフェンスを説明する。なお、図４は図３のオイルフェンスを示し、図４Ａは展張する前にあってオイル導入口が見えるように直線状に延ばした状態の平面図、図４Ｂは側面図、図４Ｃは図３ＡのIVＣ－IVＣで切断した断面図、図５は図４のオイルフェンスを示し、図５Ａは展張した状態の斜視図、図５Ｂは図５ＡのＶＢ－ＶＢ線で切断した断面図、図６Ａは図５のVIＡ－VIＡ線の断面図、図６Ｂは一端（１５ａ側）の端面図、図５Ｃは他端（１５ｂ側）の端面図、図７は図４のオイルフェンスを構成する１本の小径ホースを示し、図７Ａは螺旋状に巻回する前の側面図、図７Ｂは螺旋状に巻回した状態の側面図である。 First, the oil fence will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 shows the oil fence of FIG. 3, FIG. 4A is a plan view showing a state in which the oil introduction port is linearly extended so that the oil introduction port can be seen before spreading, FIG. 4B is a side view, and FIG. 4C is FIG. FIG. 5 shows the boom of FIG. 4, FIG. 5A is a perspective view in a stretched state, FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along the line VB-VB of FIG. 5A, and FIG. FIG. 6B is an end view of one end (15a side), FIG. 5C is an end view of the other end (15b side), and FIG. 7 is one of the components constituting the oil fence of FIG. FIG. 7A is a side view before spirally winding, and FIG. 7B is a side view of a state where the small diameter hose is wound spirally.
　オイルフェンス１１は、図４、図５に示すように、圧縮流体の導入により内部に大径中空孔が形成されて、この大径中空孔が漂流オイル及び海水の搬送路となる長尺の流体導入式中空孔形成チューブ（以下、チューブという）１２を用い、このチューブの内部に回収した漂流オイルが逆流するのを抑える仕切りシート材１７、側壁に該側壁の一部を貫通して漂流オイル及び海水を導入する貫通孔からなる複数個のオイル導入口１４１～１４ｎ、外壁底部の一部を貫通して海水を排出する貫通孔からなる複数個の排水孔１９１～１９ｎをそれぞれ設けたものとなっている。なお、それぞれの排水孔１９１～１９ｎには、比較的短長、例えば５０～１００ｃｍ程度の排水管１９ａを設けるのが好ましい。これらの排水管１９ａは、可撓性を有するチューブ乃至ホースを用いる。これらの排水管を設けることによって、漂流オイルを逃がさずに海水のみを効率よく排水できる。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the oil fence 11 has a large-diameter hollow hole formed therein by introduction of a compressed fluid, and the large-diameter hollow hole serves as a transport path for drifting oil and seawater. Using an introduction-type hollow hole forming tube (hereinafter referred to as a tube) 12, a partition sheet material 17 that suppresses the backflow of drifting oil collected inside the tube, drifting oil penetrating a part of the side wall through the side wall, and A plurality of oil inlets 14 1 to 14 n composed of through holes for introducing seawater and a plurality of drain holes 19 1 to 19 n composed of through holes for discharging seawater through part of the bottom of the outer wall are provided. It has become. Each drain hole 19 1 to 19 n is preferably provided with a drain pipe 19a having a relatively short length, for example, about 50 to 100 cm. These drain pipes 19a use flexible tubes or hoses. By providing these drain pipes, only seawater can be efficiently drained without escaping the drifting oil.
　複数個のオイル導入口１４１～１４ｎは、チューブ１２の側壁にあって、海面から若干高い位置（図２Ｂ参照）に設けられている。これらのオイル導入口を海面から若干高い位置に配設することによって、海水の導入（吸込み）を抑えて漂流オイルを効率よく導入できる。特に、荒海のときなどに効果がある。 The plurality of oil inlets 14 1 to 14 n are provided on the side wall of the tube 12 and at a position slightly higher than the sea level (see FIG. 2B). By disposing these oil inlets at a position slightly higher than the sea surface, it is possible to efficiently introduce drifting oil while suppressing the introduction (suction) of seawater. This is especially effective during rough seas.
　このオイルフェンス１１は、図１、図２に示すように、外壁底部にオイルの拡散を止めるカーテン状のスカート１３Ｂが取付けて、このスカート１３Ｂの下端に重錘部材１３Ａを固定して、オイルフェンス１１を所定深さ沈めると共にスカート１３Ｂを垂下させるようになっている。なお、スカート１３Ｂを固定することなく、外壁底部に直接重錘部材１３Ａを装着してもよい。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil fence 11 is provided with a curtain-like skirt 13B that stops oil diffusion at the bottom of the outer wall, and a weight member 13A is fixed to the lower end of the skirt 13B. 11 is sunk to a predetermined depth and the skirt 13B is suspended. Note that the weight member 13A may be directly attached to the bottom of the outer wall without fixing the skirt 13B.
　チューブ１２は、図４～図６に示すように、複数本、例えば２０本の直線状の小径ホース１２１～１２２０で形成されている。なお、この小径ホースの本数は、２０本に限定されるものでなく任意数でよいが、この本数の増減及び長さの長短により、漂流オイルの回収領域の範囲及びオイル回収能力などが決められる。このチューブ１２は、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０に圧縮流体が導入されていないときは、図３、図４に示すように、折畳み又は巻回自在な偏平状の長尺体となっており、圧縮流体が導入されると、図５、図６に示すように、内部に大径中空孔１２０が形成されるものとなっている。 As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the tube 12 is formed of a plurality of, for example, 20 linear small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 . The number of the small-diameter hoses is not limited to 20 and may be any number. However, the range of the drifting oil recovery area and the oil recovery capacity are determined by the increase / decrease in the number and the length of the length. . When the compressed fluid is not introduced into the plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 , the tube 12 becomes a flat and long body that can be folded or wound as shown in FIGS. and, when the compressed fluid is introduced, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it has assumed that the large-diameter hollow hole 12 0 is formed inside.
　すなわち、このチューブ１２は、図６Ａに示すように、圧縮流体の導入により形成される大径直径Ｄ２の円Ｃの円周上にあって、一端から後方へ向けて一端部に流体導入部及び内部に流体の導入により膨らむ中空孔並びに他端部を閉鎖した屈曲自在で可撓性を有し前記大径直径Ｄ２より小さい直径Ｄ３及び所定長さの複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０が円Ｃの周上に中空筒状体が形成されるように並べ配設して、これらの小径ホース１２１～１２２０に圧縮流体が導入されたときに、図５Ｂに示すように、両端に前記大径直径Ｄ２と同じ直径の大径開口部１２ａ、１２ｂ及び内部にこれらの大径開口部に連通する大径中空孔１２０が形成されるものとなっている。 That is, the tube 12, as shown in FIG. 6A, but are within the circumference of the circle C of diameter diameter D 2 formed by the introduction of compressed fluid, the fluid inlet at one end portion toward the one end to the rear And a plurality of small diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 having a predetermined diameter and a diameter D 3 smaller than the large diameter diameter D 2 and having a hollow hole that expands by introduction of a fluid inside, and a bendable and flexible structure with the other end closed. 12 20 are arranged side by side as a hollow cylindrical body is formed on the circumference of the circle C, and when the compressed fluid is introduced into these small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20, as shown in FIG. 5B , it has become one large diameter opening 12a of the same diameter as the across large diameter D 2, the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 communicating with the large-diameter opening of 12b and the inside is formed.
　なお、円Ｃは、小径ホース１２１～１２２０で囲まれた内接円、また、両大径開口部１２ａ、１２ｂ及び大径中空孔１２０は、圧縮流体が導入される前には偏平状の細隙口及び細隙孔となっている。さらに、直径Ｄ２と直径Ｄ３との関係は、Ｄ２>>Ｄ３の関係にある。すなわち、このチューブ１２は、流体導入前の偏平状態で両端に細隙口及び内部にこれらの細隙口に連通した偏平状の細隙孔を有し、所定の厚さＤ１、幅長Ｗ及び長さＬ'の偏平状をなしている。両端に細隙口は、それらを広げてオイル回収装置２６に連結する管継手１５ａ、１５ｂが取付けられている。 Incidentally, circle C is the inscribed circle surrounded by the small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20 also, both the large diameter opening 12a, 12b and the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 flat before the compressed fluid is introduced It has a slit-like slit and a slit. Further, the relationship between the diameter D 2 and the diameter D 3 is D 2 >> D 3 . That is, this tube 12 has a slit opening at both ends in a flat state before fluid introduction and a flat slit hole communicating with these slit openings at the inside, and has a predetermined thickness D 1 , width W And a flat shape of length L ′. Fittings 15 a and 15 b are attached to both ends of the slit opening to expand them and connect to the oil recovery device 26.
　チューブ１２を構成する複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０は、それぞれ同じ構成のものとなっている。これらの小径ホースは、機械的には偏平、折畳み、巻回可能になるように可撓性、弾性を有し、材質的には耐磨耗性、軽量、耐火性、耐圧性、高圧性、丈夫で破れ難く、軽量素材性のいずれか又は複数の特性を有し、しかも安価なものを使用する。これらの小径ホースは、内面に気体密封処理を施した織布からなるホース、ゴムホース、合成樹脂製ホースからなる、例えば、消防ホース、特殊ポリエステル、ナイロン製ホースなどである。 The plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 constituting the tube 12 have the same configuration. These small diameter hoses are mechanically flat, folded and flexible so that they can be wound, and the materials are wear resistance, light weight, fire resistance, pressure resistance, high pressure, It is strong and difficult to break, has a light material property or a plurality of characteristics, and is inexpensive. These small-diameter hoses are a hose made of a woven cloth whose inner surface is gas-sealed, a rubber hose, or a synthetic resin hose, for example, a fire hose, a special polyester, a nylon hose, or the like.
　図９を参照して、小径ホースの一例として、内面に気体密封処理を施した織布ホースを説明する。なお、図９は内面に気体密封処理を施した織布からなる小径ホースを示し、図９Ａは小径ホースの一部断面図、図９Ｂは小径ホースの長手方向と直交する方向で切断した断面図、図９Ｃは変形例に係る小径ホースの断面図である。 Referring to FIG. 9, a woven hose having an inner surface gas-sealed as an example of a small-diameter hose will be described. 9 shows a small-diameter hose made of a woven fabric having an inner surface gas sealed, FIG. 9A is a partial cross-sectional view of the small-diameter hose, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view cut in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the small-diameter hose. FIG. 9C is a cross-sectional view of a small-diameter hose according to a modification.
　市販の小径ホースは、通常、直線状をなしている。このような小径ホースをそのままこの実施形態のチューブ形成に使用すると、この小径ホースが無理して曲げられると、途中で折れ曲がり（座屈し）破損し易く、しかも流体を導入したときにチューブの直進性が弱くなるなどの課題がある。例えば、このような小径ホースは、耐圧性を付与するために織布とその内面に気密性の素材がコーティングされているが、この構造の小径ホースを螺旋形状にすると、織布に伸縮性がないために、螺旋の内側部分の織布に荷重が掛り、折れ曲がり、破損し易くなる。この対策として、折れ曲がり難くするために、予め螺旋状に加工する方法が考えられるが、そうすると、チューブの直進性が弱くなるなどの課題が出現する。そこで、これらの課題を解決するために、小径ホースの織布を構成するたて糸を全て同一の伸縮性ものにするのではなく、異なる伸縮性及び剛性のものを用いて織布するのが好ましい。 Commercially available small diameter hoses are usually linear. If such a small-diameter hose is used as it is for tube formation of this embodiment, if this small-diameter hose is bent forcibly, it is easy to bend (buckling) and break, and the straightness of the tube when fluid is introduced. There are issues such as weakening. For example, such a small-diameter hose is coated with an airtight material on the woven fabric and its inner surface to give pressure resistance. However, if the small-diameter hose having this structure is formed in a spiral shape, the woven fabric has elasticity. For this reason, a load is applied to the woven fabric in the inner part of the spiral, and it is easily bent and broken. As a countermeasure against this, a method of processing in a spiral shape in advance can be considered in order to make it difficult to bend. However, in such a case, problems such as a decrease in the straightness of the tube appear. Therefore, in order to solve these problems, it is preferable not to make all the warp yarns constituting the woven fabric of the small-diameter hose have the same stretchability, but to use woven fabrics having different stretchability and rigidity.
　すなわち、織布からなる小径ホースＨは、図９Ａ、図９Ｂに示すように、この小径ホースの円周上から長手方向へ向かって延設されたたて糸ａを、円の中心点を通る中心線ｌａと円周とが交差する一端の交差点から他端の交差点に向かって剛性が強く伸縮性が少ない複数本の糸からなる剛性糸群ａ１、この剛性が前記剛性糸群ａ１の剛性より弱く且つ伸縮性が前記剛性糸群の伸縮性よりある複数本の糸からなる弱剛性糸群ａ２、剛性がなく且つ伸縮性が前記弱剛性糸群ａ２の伸縮性よりさらにある複数本の糸からなる伸縮性糸群ａ３、さらに剛性がなく且つ伸縮性が前記伸縮性糸群ａ３の伸縮性よりさらにある複数本の糸からなる高伸縮性糸群ａ４の順に等間隔に配列する。この小径ホースによると、たて糸の剛性及び伸縮性が段階的に変えてあるので、折れ曲がり難く、しかも、流体圧入時の直進性をアップできる。なお、符号ｂは内張り、符号ｃはよこ糸を示している。 That is, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the small-diameter hose H made of a woven fabric has a warp yarn a extending in the longitudinal direction from the circumference of the small-diameter hose and a center line passing through the center point of the circle. a rigid yarn group a 1 composed of a plurality of yarns having high rigidity and low stretchability from the intersection at one end where la intersects the circumference to the intersection at the other end, the rigidity being weaker than the rigidity of the rigid yarn group a 1 and stretch the rigid thread group stretchable weak rigidity yarn group a 2 composed of a plurality of yarns that are more stretchable rigidity and stretchability without consists plurality of yarns in even more stretch of the weak rigidity yarn group a 2 The yarn group a 3 is further arranged at equal intervals in the order of the highly elastic yarn group a 4 having a plurality of yarns that are not rigid and have a stretchability higher than the stretchability of the stretchable yarn group a 3 . According to this small-diameter hose, since the rigidity and stretchability of the warp are changed in stages, it is difficult to bend and the straightness at the time of fluid injection can be improved. In addition, the code | symbol b has shown the lining and the code | symbol c has shown the weft thread.
　また、図９Ｃの小径ホースは、中心線ｌａによって分割された小径ホースの断面の片側において、剛性糸群ａ１の割合及び弱剛性糸群ａ２の割合を増やし、それに伴い伸縮性糸群ａ３の割合及び高伸縮性糸群ａ４の割合を減らしたものである。この小径ホースも同様の作用効果を奏し、また、螺旋状に巻回させることが更に容易となる。 Further, a small diameter hose of FIG. 9C, one side of the cross-section of the divided small hose by the center line la, increasing the rate and weak proportion of rigid thread group a 2 of the rigid thread group a 1, the ratio of elastic yarn group a 3 with it and those with a reduced proportion of high elastic yarn group a 4. This small-diameter hose also has the same function and effect, and can be more easily wound in a spiral shape.
　チューブ１２は、このような小径ホース複数本を使用して、これらを併設して、図７Ｂに示すように、所定角度の螺旋階段状に巻回したものとなっている。このチューブ１２は、螺旋階段状に巻回することによって、長さがＬ'<Ｌとなる。なお、図７Ａの１本の小径ホース１２１は、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０を代表したものとなっている。 The tube 12 is formed by using a plurality of such small-diameter hoses, and winding them in a spiral staircase having a predetermined angle as shown in FIG. 7B. The tube 12 is wound in a spiral staircase so that the length becomes L ′ <L. Incidentally, the small-diameter hose 12 1 one of FIG. 7A, and is obtained by representing a plurality of small-diameter hose 12 1-12 20.
　図８を参照して、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０を併設・巻回してチューブ１２を作製する一例を説明する。なお、図８はチューブを作製する作製模式図である。図８に示すように、所定大きさのシート体１２Ｓ上に、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０を垂直線ｄに対して所定角度θの傾斜線ｅを引き、この垂直線ｄに対して、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０を直角に所定の間隔をあけて平行に配設して、これらの小径ホースをシート体に固定する。また、このシート体１２Ｓ上に、小径ホース間にシート体を貫通する貫通孔からなる複数個のオイル導入口及び排水孔を形成する。排水孔には、比較的短長、例えば５０～１００ｃｍ程度の排水管を設けるのが好ましい。これらの排水管は、可撓性を有するチュウブ乃至ホースを用いる。 With reference to FIG. 8, an example in which a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are attached and wound to produce the tube 12 will be described. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for producing a tube. As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are drawn on a sheet body 12S having a predetermined size with an inclined line e having a predetermined angle θ with respect to the vertical line d. Then, a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval at a right angle, and these small-diameter hoses are fixed to the sheet body. In addition, a plurality of oil inlets and drain holes made of through holes that penetrate the sheet body are formed between the small diameter hoses on the sheet body 12S. The drain hole is preferably provided with a drain pipe having a relatively short length, for example, about 50 to 100 cm. These drain pipes use a flexible tube or hose.
　なお、図８では、複数個のオイル導入口及び排水孔のうち、１個のオイル導入口１４１及び排水孔１９１を図示した。次いで、このシート体１２Ｓを一方の端部を他方の端部側へ曲げて、両端に位置する小径ホース１２１と１２２０とが隣接するように固定する。これにより、図４、図７Ｂに示すように、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０が螺旋階段状に巻回されてチューブ１２が形成される。シート体１２Ｓは、小径ホースと略同じ特性、すなわち機械的に偏平、折畳み、巻回可能になるように可撓性、弾性を有し、材質的に耐磨耗性、軽量、耐火性、耐圧性、高圧性、丈夫で破れ難く、軽量素材性のいずれか又は複数の特性を有したものを使用する。 In FIG. 8, among the plurality of oil inlet and drain hole, it illustrated one oil introduction port 14 1 and the drain hole 19 1. Then, by bending the one end portion of the sheet body 12S to the other end side, a small- diameter hose 12 1 and 12 20 and is fixed so as to be adjacent positioned at both ends. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 7B, a plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are wound in a spiral step shape to form a tube 12. The sheet body 12S has substantially the same characteristics as the small-diameter hose, that is, is flexible and elastic so that it can be mechanically flattened, folded, and wound, and it is wear-resistant, lightweight, fireproof, and pressure resistant. Use one that has one or more of the properties of light weight, high strength, high strength, and is hard to break.
　オイルフェンス１１は、上記のような小径ホースを用いて作製するが、このオイルフェンスは、複数本の小径ホースで形成するので、小径ホースを耐久性などが優れたものを使用することによって、機械的強度をアップでき、しかも、本数の増減選択により大小サイズ、特に、大型オイルフェンスも形成できる。なお、従来のオイルフェンスは、通常、１本のチューブ又はホースで形成されるので、機械的強度をアップさせるのが難しく、そのために大型化に適さないものとなっているが、このオイルフェンスによりこの課題を解決できる。なお、さらに詳述すると、オイルフェンス１１の能力等を構成するファクターは、以下のファクターを考慮して決定する。すなわち、小径ホースは、その材質、径、内圧、本数、またチューブは螺旋状に巻回するときの角度、シート体などを考慮して、用途に適合したものを作製する。 The oil fence 11 is manufactured by using the small diameter hose as described above. Since the oil fence is formed by a plurality of small diameter hoses, by using a small diameter hose having excellent durability and the like, The strength can be increased, and large and small sizes, especially large oil fences can be formed by selecting the number to increase or decrease. In addition, since the conventional oil fence is usually formed with one tube or hose, it is difficult to increase the mechanical strength, and therefore, it is not suitable for enlargement. This problem can be solved. In more detail, the factors constituting the capability of the oil fence 11 are determined in consideration of the following factors. That is, the small diameter hose is manufactured in consideration of the material, the diameter, the internal pressure, the number of the small diameter hose, the angle when the tube is wound spirally, the sheet body, etc., and is manufactured according to the application.
　作製したチューブ１２は、例えば、図７に示すように螺旋階段状に巻回した小径ホース１２１に、一端の開口（流体導入部）１２２１から流体が導入されると、流体は、他端の開口１２２２が閉鎖されているので、逃げ場がなく、順次膨らんで螺旋階段状に巻回されている小径ホースが真っ直ぐに伸張する力が小径ホースに作用する（図７Ｂ参照）。その結果、小径ホースに作用する伸張力により、チューブの先端部が真っ直ぐに直進し、続いて、この先端部に繋がった部分が直進する。したがって、チューブ１２は、螺旋状に巻回された複数本の小径ホースにより、これらの小径ホースの一端開口１２２１から流体が圧入されると、直線状に直進する直進性を備えたものとなる。螺旋階段状に巻回した小径ホースの角度θは、任意の角度でよいが、小さくなればなる程、直進性が強くなり、また、ピッチが小さいほどホースの強度が増すので、４５°を中心に前後１０°加減した角度が好ましい。なお、角度θは、１°からでもよい。 Tube 12 prepared, for example, the small-diameter hose 12 1 wound in a spiral staircase shape as shown in FIG. 7, when the fluid is introduced from one end of the opening (fluid introducing unit) 12 21, the fluid, the other end Since the opening 1222 is closed, there is no escape space, and the force of the small diameter hose that is successively expanded and wound in a spiral staircase shape acts on the small diameter hose (see FIG. 7B). As a result, due to the stretching force acting on the small-diameter hose, the distal end portion of the tube goes straight straight, and then the portion connected to the distal end portion goes straight. Therefore, tube 12, by a plurality of small-diameter hose wound helically, the fluid from one aperture 12 21 of these small-diameter hose is pressed, the one having a straightness of straight straight . The angle θ of the small diameter hose wound in a spiral staircase may be any angle, but the smaller the smaller the angle θ, the higher the straightness, and the smaller the pitch, the greater the strength of the hose. An angle of 10 ° in front and rear is preferable. The angle θ may be from 1 °.
　チューブ１２は、その内部の大径中空孔１２０内が仕切りシート材１７で上下室Ｒ１、Ｒ２を区画されている。この仕切りシート材１７は、図５Ｂに示すように、大径中空孔１２０内にあって、複数個のオイル導入口１４１～１４ｎが上方、すなわち上室に位置するようにして、一端の大径開口部１２ａから他端の大径開口部１２ｂに向けて、上下室Ｒ１、Ｒ２を区画している。この仕切りシート材１７は、図１０に示すように、オイルフェンス１１（チューブ１２）の大径中空孔１２０の大径直径Ｄ２及びこのチューブを略同じ長さの長尺な可撓性のある布などのシート材からなり、このシート材には長手方向の略中心線上に所定の間隔をあけて複数個の落し込み孔１８１～１８ｎが形成されている。チューブ１２内を仕切りシート材１７で仕切り、上下室Ｒ１、Ｒ２に区画することによって、オイルフェンス１１（チューブ１２）内へ回収オイル及び海水が上室Ｒ１へ導入されると、この上室へ導入された回収オイルが波で揉まれて上下動して複数個の落し込み孔１８１～１８ｎから下室Ｒ２へ落ち込み、この下室に一次貯留されてオイル回収装置２６へ搬送される（図２Ｂ参照）。下室Ｒ２へ落ち込んだ回収オイルは、下室に留まり落し込み孔１８１～１８ｎを通過して上室へ戻ることがない。すなわち、一度落下室へ落下した回収オイルは仕切りシート材に塞がれて逆流することがなくなる。 Tube 12, the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 is partitioned the upper and lower chambers R 1, R 2 by a partition sheet 17 therein. The partition sheet 17, as shown in FIG. 5B, there the large diameter hollow hole 12 0, a plurality of oil inlet ports 14 1 ~ 14 n above, i.e. so as to be positioned in the upper chamber, one end The upper and lower chambers R 1 and R 2 are partitioned from the large-diameter opening 12a toward the large-diameter opening 12b at the other end. The partition sheet 17, as shown in FIG. 10, boom 11 (tube 12) of the large diameter hollow hole 12 0 large diameter D 2 and substantially the same length of the tube of the elongated flexible A sheet material such as a cloth is formed, and a plurality of dropping holes 18 1 to 18 n are formed at a predetermined interval on a substantially central line in the longitudinal direction. Partition the tube 12 by a partition sheet 17, by partitioning the upper and lower chambers R 1, R 2, when the boom 11 (the tube 12) in the recovery oil and seawater is introduced into the upper chamber R 1, on the The recovered oil introduced into the chamber is swollen by waves and moved up and down to fall into the lower chamber R 2 from the plurality of dropping holes 18 1 to 18 n, and is primarily stored in the lower chamber and conveyed to the oil recovery device 26 (See FIG. 2B). Collecting oil dropped into the lower chamber R 2 are not return to the upper chamber through the drop narrowing holes 18 1 ~ 18 n remains in the lower chamber. That is, the recovered oil once dropped into the drop chamber is not blocked by the partition sheet material and flows back.
　また、複数本の小径ホース１２１～１２２０は、各ホースの流体導入部１２２１に圧縮流体を導入する圧縮流体導入リング１６が接続されている。この圧縮流体導入リング１６は、圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０へ着脱自在な管継手２５で連結されている。管継手２５は、連結管２４に接続される雄型継手と、この継手が差し込まれる雌型継手とで構成されている。この管継手は、ワンタッチで着脱できるものとなっている。なお、このような管継手は、公知のものを使用するので、説明を省略する。 The plurality of small-diameter hoses 12 1 to 12 20 are connected to a compressed fluid introduction ring 16 that introduces a compressed fluid into the fluid introduction portion 12 21 of each hose. The compressed fluid introduction ring 16 is connected to a compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 by a detachable pipe joint 25. The pipe joint 25 includes a male joint connected to the connecting pipe 24 and a female joint into which the joint is inserted. This pipe joint can be attached and detached with one touch. In addition, since such a pipe joint uses a well-known thing, description is abbreviate | omitted.
　このオイルフェンス１１は、図１、図２に示すように、外壁底部にオイルの拡散を止めるカーテン状のスカート１３Ｂを取付けて、このスカート１３Ｂの下端に重錘部材１３Ａを固定して、オイルフェンス１１を所定深さ沈めると共にスカート１３Ｂを垂下させるようになっている。スカート１３Ｂは、オイルフェンス１１と略同じ長さ及び所定の幅長を有する幕材からなり、重錘部材１３Ａの重さによりオイルフェンスから下方へ垂下する折畳み自在且つ可撓性のあるシート材で形成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the oil fence 11 is provided with a curtain-like skirt 13B for stopping oil diffusion at the bottom of the outer wall, and a weight member 13A fixed to the lower end of the skirt 13B. 11 is sunk to a predetermined depth and the skirt 13B is suspended. The skirt 13B is made of a curtain material having substantially the same length as the oil fence 11 and a predetermined width, and is a foldable and flexible sheet material that hangs downward from the oil fence due to the weight of the weight member 13A. Is formed.
　重錘部材１３Ａは、オイルフェンス１３Ａを水中に所定深さ沈めさせるもので、所定量の水を入れる導水管、ポット又は砂袋などで構成されている。導水管は、チューブの長手方向の底部外壁に沿って取付け、ポット又は砂袋は所定間隔、例えば等間隔に設けられる。導水管への水の充填は、不図示の給水ポンプなどを使用して行う。 The weight member 13A sinks the oil fence 13A to a predetermined depth in water, and includes a water conduit, a pot, a sand bag, or the like for storing a predetermined amount of water. The water conduit is attached along the bottom outer wall in the longitudinal direction of the tube, and the pots or sand bags are provided at a predetermined interval, for example, at equal intervals. The water guide pipe is filled with a water pump (not shown).
　次に、主に図１、図３を参照して、圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０及びオイル回収装置２６を説明する。 Next, the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 and the oil recovery device 26 will be described mainly with reference to FIGS.
　圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０は、図３に示すように、オイルフェンス１１へ空気などの流体を導入する圧縮流体導入装置２１と、導入した流体を抜取る圧縮流体抜取り装置２２とで構成されている。オイルフェンス１１と圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置２０とは、切換え弁２３を介して連結管２４で連結され、連結管２４の途中に、図示を省略した流量計及び圧力計などが設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the compressed fluid introducing / extracting device 20 includes a compressed fluid introducing device 21 for introducing a fluid such as air into the oil fence 11 and a compressed fluid extracting device 22 for extracting the introduced fluid. Yes. The oil fence 11 and the compressed fluid introduction / extraction device 20 are connected by a connecting pipe 24 via a switching valve 23, and a flow meter and a pressure gauge (not shown) are provided in the middle of the connecting pipe 24.
　圧縮流体導入装置２１は、図３に示すように、モーター２１ａと、圧縮機（コンプレッサー）２１ｂと、圧縮空気を貯留する貯留タンク２１ｃとからなり、本実施形態では流体は空気となっている。なお、この流体は、空気に限定されるものでなく、他の気体でもよい。例えば、気体に窒素、水素、ヘリウムガスなどである。また、圧縮流体導入装置２１に代えて、例えばエアバックなどで使用されているガス（爆発）によるものでもよい。チューブ１２への流体の導入の際に、流量計を見ながら導入する。この流量計の検視により、気体漏れのホースの検知が可能になる。なお、流量計は、連結管の途中に設けたが、個々の小径ホースに設けてもよい。また、小径ホースに圧力計を設けてもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the compressed fluid introduction device 21 includes a motor 21a, a compressor (compressor) 21b, and a storage tank 21c that stores compressed air. In this embodiment, the fluid is air. In addition, this fluid is not limited to air, Other gas may be sufficient. For example, the gas is nitrogen, hydrogen, helium gas or the like. Further, instead of the compressed fluid introducing device 21, for example, a gas (explosion) used in an air bag or the like may be used. When the fluid is introduced into the tube 12, the fluid is introduced while looking at the flow meter. By detecting the flow meter, it is possible to detect a gas leak hose. In addition, although the flowmeter was provided in the middle of the connecting pipe, you may provide it in each small diameter hose. Moreover, you may provide a pressure gauge in a small diameter hose.
　圧縮流体抜取り装置２２は、チューブ１２に導入した流体を抜取る装置であって、圧縮流体導入装置と逆の作動をするものとなっている。この圧縮流体抜取り装置には、例えば、真空ポンプなどを使用する。この圧縮流体抜取り装置２２によって、チューブ１２に導入された流体を抜取ると、直進したチューブ１２の折畳みなどが可能になる。 The compressed fluid extracting device 22 is a device for extracting the fluid introduced into the tube 12 and operates in the reverse manner to the compressed fluid introducing device. For example, a vacuum pump or the like is used for the compressed fluid extraction device. When the fluid introduced into the tube 12 is extracted by the compressed fluid extracting device 22, the straight tube 12 can be folded.
　オイル回収装置２６は、図３に示すように、オイルフェンス１１の両端に連結して該オイルフェンスからの回収オイル及び海水を一次貯留し分離装置へ送る回収ボックス２７Ａと、
この回収ボックスに連結してオイルフェンス１１から回収オイル及び海水を導入する導入ポンプ２７Ｂと、搬送された回収オイル及び海水からこれらを分離する分離装置２８と、回収オイルを貯留するオイルタンク２９とで構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, the oil recovery device 26 is connected to both ends of the oil fence 11, and a recovery box 27 </ b> A that primarily stores recovered oil and seawater from the oil fence and sends them to the separation device;
An introduction pump 27B that is connected to the recovery box and introduces recovered oil and seawater from the oil fence 11, a separation device 28 that separates the recovered oil and seawater from the transported oil, and an oil tank 29 that stores the recovered oil. It is configured.
　主に、図１～図５を参照して、オイル回収システム１０による漂流オイルの回収方法を説明する。オイル回収システム１０を搭載したオイル回収船３０を曳航船３１を伴って、オイルが流出し漂流している海域へ運航させる。この海域では、まず、オイルフェンス１１をその一端の管継手１５ａをオイル回収装置２６に連結し、他端の管継手１５ｂ側を曳航船３１に連結して、この曳航船３１によりオイル回収船３０からオイルフェンスを引出して漂流オイルＯを囲む。この曳航中には、オイルフェンス１１へ圧縮流体導入装置２１から圧縮流体を導入して展伸させてループ状にして漂流オイルＯを囲む（図１Ｂ参照）。また、この状態では、オイルフェンス１１は、図１、図２に示すように、外壁底部に取付けたスカート１３Ｂを重錘部材１３Ａにより垂下させると共に、オイルフェンス１１が所定深さ沈められる。 Mainly, the drift oil recovery method by the oil recovery system 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. The oil recovery ship 30 equipped with the oil recovery system 10 is operated along with the towed ship 31 to the sea area where the oil has flowed out and drifted. In this sea area, first, the pipe 15a at one end of the oil fence 11 is connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the pipe 15b at the other end is connected to the tow ship 31. The oil fence is pulled out from and the drifting oil O is surrounded. During this towing, the compressed fluid is introduced from the compressed fluid introducing device 21 to the oil fence 11 and spreads to form a loop to surround the drifting oil O (see FIG. 1B). In this state, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the oil fence 11, the skirt 13B attached to the bottom of the outer wall is suspended by the weight member 13A, and the oil fence 11 is submerged to a predetermined depth.
　次いで、このオイルフェンス１１で漂流オイルＯを囲んだ後に、オイルフェンス１１の他端の管継手１５ｂ側を曳航船３１から外してオイル回収装置２６へ連結替えして、導入ポンプ２７Ｂを作動させて、オイルフェンス１１の内部へ漂流オイル及び海水を導入、すなわち、この導入ポンプ２７Ｂの作動により、所定量の漂流オイル及び海水をオイル導入口１４１～１４ｎから吸い込ませる。吸込まれた漂流オイル及び海水は、オイルフェンス１１内で揺れ揉まれて、回収オイルＯの一部は、仕切りシート材１７の落し込み孔１８から下室Ｒ２へ入り込んでオイル回収装置２６へ搬送される。なお、海水の一部は、排水孔１９１～１９ｎからオイルフェンス外へ排出される。オイル回収装置２６へ搬送された漂流オイル及び海水は、分離装置２８で分離されてオイルを回収する。 Next, after the drifting oil O is surrounded by the oil fence 11, the pipe joint 15b side at the other end of the oil fence 11 is removed from the tow ship 31 and connected to the oil recovery device 26, and the introduction pump 27B is operated. Then, drifting oil and seawater are introduced into the inside of the oil fence 11, that is, by operating the introduction pump 27B, a predetermined amount of drifting oil and seawater is sucked from the oil introduction ports 14 1 to 14 n . Sucked drifting oil and seawater is rubbed shaking in the booms 11, a portion of the recovered oil O is conveyed from the drop-inclusive hole 18 of the partition sheet 17 to the oil recovery device 26 enters into the lower chamber R 2 Is done. A part of the seawater is discharged out of the oil fence through the drain holes 19 1 to 19 n . The drifting oil and seawater conveyed to the oil recovery device 26 are separated by the separation device 28 to recover the oil.
　このオイル回収システム１０によれば、オイルフェンス１１で海上に漂流するオイルの拡散を止めると共に、この漂流オイルをタイミングよく且つ高効率に回収できる。特に、オイルフェンス１１で漂流オイルＯを囲み更なる拡散を止めている間に、この漂流オイルが波で揉まれて海中へ沈み込む前にタイミングよく回収できる。また、このオイルフェンスは、複数本の小径ホースで形成してあるので、障害物などが衝突して一部が穿孔破裂などしてもオイルの回収が続行できる。なお、漂流オイルの回収終了後は、圧縮流体抜取り装置２２を作動させることによって、元の状態、すなわちオイル回収船３０へ素早く戻して折畳み状態などにして保管することが可能になる。 This oil recovery system 10 can stop the diffusion of oil drifting on the sea with the oil fence 11 and recover the drifting oil in a timely and highly efficient manner. In particular, while the drifting oil O is enclosed by the oil fence 11 and further diffusion is stopped, the drifting oil can be recovered in a timely manner before being swept by the waves and sinking into the sea. Further, since the oil fence is formed by a plurality of small-diameter hoses, the oil recovery can be continued even when an obstacle collides and a part of the hole breaks. In addition, after completion | finish of collection | recovery of drifting oil, it becomes possible to return to the original state, ie, the oil recovery ship 30, and to store in a folded state etc. by operating the compressed fluid extraction apparatus 22.
　このオイルフェンスは、直線状の複数本の小径ホースからなるチューブ１２で構成するので、小径ホースの本数を多くしてもそれらを螺旋状の巻回した状態でチューブが形成されるので、略直角などに折曲する箇所がなく、簡単に作製でき、しかも小径ホースの本数の増減及び長さの長短により、サイズを異ならせ、特に任意サイズのものを作製することが可能になる。すなわち、任意のサイズにして簡単且つ安価に作製できる。なお、実施形態１のオイルフェンスは、直状ホースを螺旋状に巻回したが、平行に併設してもよい。 Since this oil fence is composed of a tube 12 composed of a plurality of linear small-diameter hoses, even if the number of small-diameter hoses is increased, the tubes are formed in a spirally wound state. In other words, the size can be made different by increasing or decreasing the number of small-diameter hoses and the length of the hose. In particular, an arbitrary size can be manufactured. That is, it can be easily and inexpensively made into an arbitrary size. In addition, although the oil fence of Embodiment 1 spirally wound the straight hose, it may be provided in parallel.
　１０　　　　　　　　　　　　　オイル回収システム
　１１　　　　　　　　　　　　　オイルフェンス
　１２　　　　　　　　　　　　　流体導入式中空孔形成チューブ
　１２１～１２２０　　　　　　　　小径ホース
　１２Ｓ　　　　　　　　　　　　シート体
　１２ａ、１２ｂ　　　　　　　　大径開口部
　１２０　　　　　　　　　　　　大径中空孔（搬送路）
　１３Ａ　　　　　　　　　　　　重錘部材
　１３Ｂ　　　　　　　　　　　　スカート
　１４１～１４ｎ　　　　　　　　　オイル導入口
　１５ａ、１５ｂ　　　　　　　　管継手
　１６　　　　　　　　　　　　　圧縮流体導入リング
　１７　　　　　　　　　　　　　仕切りシート材
　１８（１８１～１８ｎ）　　　　　落し込み孔
　１９１～１９ｎ　　　　　　　　　排水孔
　２０　　　　　　　　　　　　　圧縮流体導入・抜取り装置
　２１　　　　　　　　　　　　　圧縮流体導入装置
　２２　　　　　　　　　　　　　圧縮流体抜取り装置
　２３　　　　　　　　　　　　　切換え弁
　２４　　　　　　　　　　　　　連結管
　２５　　　　　　　　　　　　　管継手
　２６　　　　　　　　　　　　　オイル回収装置
　２７Ａ　　　　　　　　　　　　回収ボックス
　２７Ｂ　　　　　　　　　　　　導入ポンプ
　２８　　　　　　　　　　　　　分離装置
　２９　　　　　　　　　　　　　貯留タンク
　３０　　　　　　　　　　　　　オイル回収母船
　３１　　　　　　　　　　　　　曳航船
　Ｒ１　　　　　　　　　　　　　上室
　Ｒ２　　　　　　　　　　　　　下室 10 Oil recovery system 11 booms 12 fluid lead-in type hollow hole forming tube 12 1 to 12 20 diameter hose 12S sheet 12a, 12b large diameter opening 12 0 large diameter hollow hole (transport path)
13A Weight member 13B Skirt 14 1 to 14 n Oil inlet 15a, 15b Pipe joint 16 Compressed fluid inlet ring 17 Partition sheet material 18 (18 1 to 18 n ) Drop hole 19 1 to 19 n Drain hole 20 Compressed fluid introduced Extraction device 21 Compressed fluid introduction device 22 Compressed fluid extraction device 23 Switching valve 24 Connection pipe 25 Fitting 26 Oil recovery device 27A Recovery box 27B Introduction pump 28 Separation device 29 Storage tank 30 Oil recovery mother ship 31 Towing ship R 1 Upper chamber R 2 lower rooms

Claims (6)

  1. 　圧縮流体の導入により膨らみ浮体を構成する長尺のオイルフェンスであって、
    　前記オイルフェンスは、所定の大径直径円の円周上に、前記大径直径より小さい直径及び長尺で内部への圧縮流体の導入により膨らむ複数本の小径ホースが前記円周上に螺旋状に巻回されて配設され、前記複数本の小径ホースは、折畳み自在で可撓性のある材料からなるシート材で結合されており、これらの小径ホースに圧縮流体が導入されたときに、両端に前記大径直径と同じ大きさの直径の大径開口部及び内部にこれらの大径開口部に連通する大径中空孔が形成される流体導入式中空孔形成チューブを用い、
    　前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記シート材に、長手方向にあって漂流オイルを囲む側の側壁に該側壁を貫通するオイル導入口と、長手方向の下方にあって底部となる外壁底部の一部を貫通して海水を排出する複数個の排水孔が設けられて、前記両端の大径開口部の少なくとも一方がオイル回収口及び前記大径中空孔が前記オイル導入口から導入されたオイルを搬送するオイル搬送路が形成されることを特徴とするオイルフェンス。     A long oil fence that swells by introducing a compressed fluid and constitutes a floating body,
    The oil fence has a plurality of small-diameter hoses spirally formed on the circumference of a predetermined large-diameter circle and having a diameter and a length that are smaller than the large-diameter diameter and are inflated by introducing a compressed fluid into the inside. The plurality of small diameter hoses are connected by a sheet material made of a foldable and flexible material, and when compressed fluid is introduced into these small diameter hoses, Using a fluid-introduced hollow hole forming tube in which a large-diameter opening having the same diameter as the large-diameter diameter at both ends and a large-diameter hollow hole communicating with these large-diameter openings are formed inside,
    The fluid-introducing hollow hole forming tube has an oil introduction port penetrating the side wall in the longitudinal direction and surrounding the drifting oil in the sheet material, and an outer wall bottom portion serving as a bottom portion in the longitudinal direction. A plurality of drain holes for discharging seawater through a part of the oil are provided, and at least one of the large-diameter openings at both ends is introduced from the oil recovery port and the large-diameter hollow hole from the oil introduction port. An oil fence characterized in that an oil conveyance path for conveying oil is formed.
  2. 　前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記外壁底部に重錘部材を取付ける重錘取付け部又は重錘部材が直接取付けられていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載のオイルフェンス。 The oil fence according to claim 1, wherein the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube is directly attached with a weight attaching portion or a weight member for attaching a weight member to the bottom portion of the outer wall.
  3. 　前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記大径中空孔内が前記複数個のオイル導入口が上室に位置するようにして、前記一端の大径開口部から前記他端の大径開口部に向けて、オイルを通過させる落し込み孔が設けられた可撓性のある仕切りシートで仕切って上下２室に区画されていることを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のオイルフェンス。 The fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube is configured such that the plurality of oil introduction ports are located in an upper chamber in the large diameter hollow hole, and the large diameter opening portion at the other end is positioned from the large diameter opening portion at the one end. The oil fence according to claim 1, wherein the oil fence is partitioned into two upper and lower chambers by partitioning with a flexible partition sheet provided with a drop hole through which oil passes.
  4. 　前記流体導入式中空孔形成チューブは、前記複数本の直線状小径ホースの各流体導入部に、流体が同時に導入される流体導入リングが接続されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載オイルフェンス。 2. The oil according to claim 1, wherein in the fluid introduction type hollow hole forming tube, a fluid introduction ring into which a fluid is introduced simultaneously is connected to each fluid introduction portion of the plurality of linear small diameter hoses. fence.
  5. 　請求項１～４のいずれかのオイルフェンスを用い、前記オイルフェンスの各小径ホースに圧縮流体を導入して膨らませる圧縮流体導入装置と、前記オイルフェンスに接続されてオイルフェンス内のオイルを吸入する回収ポンプと、前記回収ポンプからのオイルを回収するオイル回収装置とからなることを特徴とするオイル回収システム。 A compressed fluid introduction device for introducing and inflating a compressed fluid into each small-diameter hose of the oil fence using the oil fence according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and suctioning oil in the oil fence connected to the oil fence An oil recovery system comprising: a recovery pump that recovers oil, and an oil recovery device that recovers oil from the recovery pump.
  6. 　前記圧縮流体導入装置は、流体、窒素、水素、ヘリウムガスのいずれかを圧入するものであることを特徴とする請求項５に記載のオイル回収システム。 6. The oil recovery system according to claim 5, wherein the compressed fluid introducing device is one for press-fitting one of fluid, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium gas.
PCT/JP2012/055579 2011-03-09 2012-03-05 Oil fence and oil collection system WO2012121214A1 (en)

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JPS5145369A (en) * 1974-10-17 1976-04-17 Mitsui Shipbuilding Eng Kaijoryushutsuyuno kaishuhoho oyobi sochi
DE3338115A1 (en) * 1983-10-20 1984-04-05 Alfred Dipl.-Ing. 4300 Essen Lingnau Buoyant structure for delimiting surface contamination on stretches of water due to oil or the like
DE3344597A1 (en) * 1983-12-09 1985-06-20 Harry 2300 Kiel Stallzus Apparatus for scooping oil from water surfaces

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