WO2012120673A1 - Glass bottle molding machine - Google Patents

Glass bottle molding machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012120673A1
WO2012120673A1 PCT/JP2011/055595 JP2011055595W WO2012120673A1 WO 2012120673 A1 WO2012120673 A1 WO 2012120673A1 JP 2011055595 W JP2011055595 W JP 2011055595W WO 2012120673 A1 WO2012120673 A1 WO 2012120673A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plunger
inner sleeve
parison
mold
loading position
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/055595
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
祐一 大屋
達雄 林
Original Assignee
東洋ガラス株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 東洋ガラス株式会社 filed Critical 東洋ガラス株式会社
Priority to CN201180067956.8A priority Critical patent/CN103402931B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2011/055595 priority patent/WO2012120673A1/en
Priority to JP2011530311A priority patent/JP4861536B1/en
Publication of WO2012120673A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012120673A1/en

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03BMANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B9/00Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles
    • C03B9/13Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles in gob feeder machines
    • C03B9/193Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles in gob feeder machines in "press-and-blow" machines
    • C03B9/1932Details of such machines, e.g. plungers or plunger mechanisms for the press-and-blow machine, cooling of plungers
    • C03B9/1934Mechanical displacement means of the plunger
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/50Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
    • Y02P40/57Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a glass bottle forming machine used when a glass bottle is formed by a press and blow method.
  • the baffle 8 is raised, the rough mold is opened, and as shown in FIG. 6, the mouth mold 6 holding the parison is reversed by the mechanism 9, the parison P is moved into the finishing mold, and the finishing mold is closed. Further, compressed air is blown from above the finishing mold to perform final molding of the glass bottle. When molding is completed, the finishing mold is opened, the glass bottle is taken out, and gradually cooled, inspected, and the like.
  • the plunger 1 for press-molding the parison can take three positions.
  • the left side of FIG. 5 shows a so-called loading position. When the plunger 1 is in this position, the gob B is thrown into the rough mold 7.
  • the right side of FIG. 5 shows a so-called up position, in which the plunger 1 is raised from the loading position to the up position, and the parison P is press-molded from the gob B.
  • FIG. 6 shows a so-called down position. After the parison molding is completed, the plunger 1 descends from the up position to the down position, the mouth mold 6 holding the parison is inverted by the mechanism 9, and the parison P is Move into the finishing mold. At this time, since the plunger 1 is in the down position, the mouth mold that moves in reverse and the plunger 1 do not contact each other.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a plunger device for molding a parison in a conventional glass bottle molding machine.
  • a cylinder rod 1a of an air cylinder (not shown) is connected to the base of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 moves up and down as the cylinder rod 1a moves up and down as the air cylinder operates.
  • the inner sleeve 2 is fitted on the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 can slide along the inner sleeve 2.
  • the upper end portion of the inner sleeve 2 enters the guide ring 6a in the mouth mold 6 so that the centers of the plunger 1 and the guide ring 6a coincide.
  • the inner sleeve 2 is inside the outer cylinder 3, and the inner sleeve 2 can slide along the upper inner surface of the outer cylinder 3.
  • a flange portion 2a is formed on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the inner sleeve 2, and a coil spring 4 is provided between the flange portion 2a and a support portion 3c that bulges inwardly from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3.
  • the inner sleeve 2 is biased upward.
  • the position of the plunger 1 shown in FIG. 8 is the loading position, the air cylinder is not operating (neutral state), the inner sleeve 2 is pressed upward by the coil spring 4, and the upper surface of the flange portion 2 a is in contact with the outer cylinder 3. Abutting against the contact surface 3b, the plunger 1 base is floated by being supported by a support 3c that bulges inwardly from the lower end of the inner sleeve 2 (the weight of the plunger and cylinder rod is supported by the support 3c) )It has become.
  • the air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state shown in FIG. 8, and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are raised.
  • the air cylinder (not shown) is actuated from the up position to lower the cylinder mold 1a and the plunger 1 so that the mouth mold is reversely moved.
  • the base of the plunger 1 is the lower end of the inner sleeve 2.
  • the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are further lowered, and the inner sleeve 2 is also lowered against the force of the coil spring 4 until the lower end comes into contact with the support portion 3c. Thereafter, the air cylinder enters a neutral state, the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 become free, and return to the loading position shown in FIG.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that some defects generated during glass bottle molding are related to the position of the plunger when the gob is inserted into the rough mold during parison molding, that is, the loading position. Hereinafter, this point will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the upper left figure shows the gob G in the rough mold 7 and the plunger 1 is in the loading position. Since the loading position of the plunger is low, there is a lot of air in the upper part of the gob G (between the gob G and the baffle 8).
  • the figure on the right side of the upper stage of FIG. 7 shows the position where the plunger 1 is slightly raised from the left side state and the gob G is lifted. At this stage, the gob has not been pressed yet, and an air reservoir 12 is easily formed on the upper part of the gob.
  • the lower part of FIG. 7 shows a state where the plunger 1 is further raised to the up position and the press forming of the parison P is completed.
  • the gob rises once with the rise of the plunger, and then the press is started and the glass moves downward in the rough mold, so the contact with the glass is delayed under the rough mold, The glass temperature is lowered and a low temperature portion Pa is generated.
  • a high temperature portion Pb is generated in which the contact between the mold and the glass is poor due to air accumulation and the temperature does not decrease.
  • the temperature variation of the parison becomes large.
  • the parison is finish-molded by blowing (injecting compressed air)
  • the parison swells unevenly, resulting in poor thickness of the glass bottle.
  • the gob rises once with the rise of the plunger, and then the press is started and the glass moves downward in the rough mold, so the press is delayed and the glass temperature is lowered accordingly (the glass fluidity).
  • the press pressure is increased, the “joint defect” in which the mold line of the mold becomes noticeable and “chatter” which is a fine crack on the surface is likely to occur.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when the loading position of the plunger is increased.
  • the gob G is inserted into the rough mold 7, and the plunger 1 is in the loading position. Due to the high loading position of the plunger, there is very little air above the gob G (between the gob G and the baffle 8). Accordingly, air accumulation is unlikely to occur in the upper portion of the rough mold.
  • the right side of FIG. 5 shows a state where the plunger 1 is raised to the up position, and the press molding of the parison P is completed. In this way, air accumulation is difficult, and the plunger loading position is high, and the glass press starts almost simultaneously with the start of the plunger lift, so the glass temperature decreases less, poor wall thickness, poor joints, chatter, etc. The occurrence of defects is reduced.
  • the object of the present invention is to increase the loading position in parison molding and reduce defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter that occur in glass bottles.
  • the present invention is a glass bottle molding machine that presses a parison by raising a plunger inserted into an opening of a mouth mold and a guide ring provided in a lower part of a rough mold, The plunger is raised and lowered by an air cylinder, An inner sleeve is provided between the plunger and the outer cylinder, the inner sleeve is urged upward by a coil spring provided around the outer peripheral portion, and is slidable in the outer cylinder.
  • the plunger is slidable within the inner sleeve, and a support portion bulging inward is formed at the lower end of the inner sleeve, and a coiled spring spacer surrounds the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger.
  • the inner sleeve Placed, In the loading position, which is the position of the plunger when the gob is thrown into the rough mold, the inner sleeve is in a predetermined raised position by the pushing force of the coil spring, and the plunger base is supported by the spring spacer and floats.
  • the glass bottle forming machine is characterized in that the spring spacer is lowered and is lowered to the lower surface of the plunger base so that the spring spacer is contracted low.
  • the glass molding machine of the present invention can increase the loading position of the plunger and suppress the occurrence of defects such as poor thickness, poor joint, and chatter. That is, since the plunger is supported on the spring spacer in the inner sleeve, the loading position is increased by the height of the spring spacer. Also, in the down position, the plunger also descends relative to the inner sleeve, and the spring spacer contracts so that its height is lowered. The position can be lowered so that it does not interfere with the mouth-shaped reversal movement.
  • the glass molding machine of the present invention has a structure in which a spring spacer is attached to the inner sleeve of a conventional glass molding machine of the same type, the conventional glass molding machine can be easily modified to form the glass molding machine of the present invention.
  • Increasing the loading position can reduce the occurrence of defects. Since the plunger position in the down position is lower for a higher plunger loading position, it is not usually necessary to make modifications to increase the range (stroke) of the inner sleeve to move up and down.
  • the glass molding machine of the present invention can increase the loading position and reduce defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter that occur in glass bottles. Further, since the plunger position in the down position is lowered while the plunger loading position is increased, it is not usually necessary to increase the vertical stroke of the inner sleeve 2, and the conventional glass forming machine is modified to make the glass of the present invention. It is also easy to make a molding machine.
  • FIG. It is a parison formation explanatory view in case the loading position of a plunger is high. It is explanatory drawing of mouth shape inversion. It is a parison formation explanatory drawing in case the loading position of a plunger is low. It is sectional explanatory drawing of the loading position of the plunger in the conventional glass forming machine.
  • FIG. 1 to 3 are schematic cross-sectional views of a portion for forming a parison in an embodiment of the glass forming machine of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows the plunger 1 in the loading position
  • FIG. 2 shows the up position
  • FIG. 3 shows the down position.
  • the cylinder rod 1a of an air cylinder (not shown) is connected to the base of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 moves up and down as the cylinder rod 1a moves up and down as the air cylinder operates.
  • An inner sleeve 2 is fitted on the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 can slide along the inside of the inner sleeve 2.
  • the upper end portion of the inner sleeve 2 enters the guide ring 6a in the mouth mold 6 so that the centers of the plunger 1 and the guide ring 6a coincide.
  • the inner sleeve 2 is inside the outer cylinder 3, and the inner sleeve 2 is slidable along the upper inner surface of the outer cylinder.
  • a flange portion 2a is formed annularly on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the inner sleeve 2, and a coil is formed between the flange portion 2a and a support portion 3c that bulges inwardly from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3.
  • a spring 4 is provided outside the inner sleeve 2 and inside the outer cylinder 3, whereby the inner sleeve 2 is biased upward.
  • the glass bottle molding machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is different from the conventional molding machine shown in FIG.
  • a support portion 3c that bulges inwardly is formed at the lower end of the inner sleeve 2, and a coiled spring spacer 5 is placed on the support portion 3c so as to surround the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1.
  • the base is placed on the spring spacer 5.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spring spacer 5.
  • the spring spacer 5 is obtained by winding an elongated plate-like body having a rectangular cross section into a coil shape.
  • the upper stage is a natural state where no force is applied, and the lower stage is a contracted state in the down position.
  • the position of the plunger 1 in FIG. 1 is the loading position, the air cylinder is not in operation (neutral state), the inner sleeve 2 is pressed upward by the pushing force of the coil spring 4, and the upper surface of the flange portion 2a is the outer cylinder 3 is in contact with the contact surface 3b.
  • the plunger 1 is held by the pushing force of the spring spacer 5 (the weight of the plunger and the cylinder rod is supported by the pushing force of the spring spacer 5).
  • the plunger loading position in FIG. 1 is higher than the plunger loading position in the conventional molding machine in FIG. 8 by the height of the spring spacer 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows a state in which an air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state of FIG. 1 and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are raised to the up position in order to form a parison. At this time, the position of the inner sleeve 2 is not different from the position of FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows a state in which an air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state of FIG. 2 and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are lowered to the down position.
  • an air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state of FIG. 2 and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are lowered to the down position.
  • the plunger 1 descends, first, the lower surface of the plunger base comes into contact with the upper end of the spring spacer 5, contracts so that the height of the spring spacer 5 becomes lower, and further pushes down the inner sleeve 2 while deforming the coil spring 4 downward. Finally, the lower end of the inner sleeve 2 comes into contact with the support portion 3c to stop the lowering, and the spring spacer 5 is contracted as shown in the lower part of FIG.
  • the mouth mold 6 is reversely moved to the finishing mold by the mechanism 9 while holding the molded parison. At this time, the lower end of the inner surface of the mouthpiece 6 (or the guide ring 6a) moves along the locus of the chain line arrow but does not come into contact with the plunger 1.
  • the spring spacer 5 is attached to a conventional molding machine, and the plunger loading position is increased by 3/8 inch.
  • the press finish time of the parison is increased by about 10 ° (when one cycle of glass bottle forming is 360 °), and the number of glass bottles that have been excluded due to defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter. Decreased by about 25%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Abstract

In the present invention, the loading position for parison molding is elevated and defects that occur in glass bottles are reduced. Provided is a glass bottle molding machine that press molds parisons by raising up a plunger inserted into an opening mold that is disposed at the bottom of a rough mold, wherein a spring spacer is disposed on top of a support section at the lower end of an inner sleeve that is between the plunger and an outer cylinder, so as to wind around the outer circumference of a plunger base section, and with respect to the loading position which is the position of the plunger when a gob is introduced inside the rough mold, by configuring the plunger base section to be in a floating state supported by the spring spacer, an opening section of a guide ring elevates the loading position for parison molding and reduces defects that occur in glass bottles.

Description

ガラスびん成形機Glass bottle forming machine
 本発明は、プレスアンドブロー方式によりガラスびんを成形する場合に用いられるガラスびん成形機に関する。 The present invention relates to a glass bottle forming machine used when a glass bottle is formed by a press and blow method.
 プレスアンドブロー方式によりガラスびんを成形する場合には、プレスでパリソンを粗型成形した後にブロー(圧縮空気の吹き込み)で仕上型成形する。粗型7を用いてパリソンPを成形する場合には、図5に示すように、まず粗型7にゴブGを投入した後、この粗型7の上部をバッフル8で蓋をし、例えばエアーシリンダ(図示せず)の駆動によってプランジャ1を上昇させて、ゴブGをプレスすることにより、このゴブGを粗型7、バッフル8、口型6、ガイドリング6aに密着させてパリソンPを成形するようにしている。 When forming a glass bottle by the press and blow method, after the parison is roughly molded by a press, finish molding is performed by blowing (blowing compressed air). When the parison P is formed using the rough mold 7, as shown in FIG. 5, first, the gob G is put into the rough mold 7, and then the upper portion of the rough mold 7 is covered with a baffle 8, for example, air The plunger 1 is raised by driving a cylinder (not shown), and the gob G is pressed to bring the gob G into close contact with the rough mold 7, the baffle 8, the mouth mold 6, and the guide ring 6a to form the parison P. Like to do.
 その後、バッフル8が上昇し、粗型が開き、図6に示すように、パリソンを保持している口型6をメカニズム9で反転し、パリソンPを仕上型内に移動し、仕上型が閉じる。さらに、仕上型の上方から圧縮空気を吹き込み、ガラスびんの最終成形を行う。成形が完了すると、仕上型が開き、ガラスびんが取り出され、徐冷、検査などが行われる。 Thereafter, the baffle 8 is raised, the rough mold is opened, and as shown in FIG. 6, the mouth mold 6 holding the parison is reversed by the mechanism 9, the parison P is moved into the finishing mold, and the finishing mold is closed. . Further, compressed air is blown from above the finishing mold to perform final molding of the glass bottle. When molding is completed, the finishing mold is opened, the glass bottle is taken out, and gradually cooled, inspected, and the like.
 パリソンをプレス成形するプランジャ1は、3つの位置(ポジション)をとることができる。図5の左側に示すのは、いわゆるローディングポジションで、プランジャ1がこの位置にあるときに、ゴブBが粗型7内に投入される。図5の右側に示すのは、いわゆるアップポジションで、プランジャ1がローディングポジションからアップポジションに上昇することで、ゴブBからパリソンPがプレス成形される。図6に示すのはいわゆるダウンポジションで、パリソンの成形が完了した後、プランジャ1がアップポジションからダウンポジションに降下し、パリソンを保持している口型6をメカニズム9で反転し、パリソンPを仕上型内に移動する。このときプランジャ1がダウンポジションにあることで、反転移動する口型とプランジャ1とが接触することがない。 The plunger 1 for press-molding the parison can take three positions. The left side of FIG. 5 shows a so-called loading position. When the plunger 1 is in this position, the gob B is thrown into the rough mold 7. The right side of FIG. 5 shows a so-called up position, in which the plunger 1 is raised from the loading position to the up position, and the parison P is press-molded from the gob B. FIG. 6 shows a so-called down position. After the parison molding is completed, the plunger 1 descends from the up position to the down position, the mouth mold 6 holding the parison is inverted by the mechanism 9, and the parison P is Move into the finishing mold. At this time, since the plunger 1 is in the down position, the mouth mold that moves in reverse and the plunger 1 do not contact each other.
 図8は、従来のガラスびん成形機における、パリソンを成形するプランジャ装置の断面説明図である。プランジャ1の基部にはエアシリンダ(図示せず)のシリンダロッド1aが接続され、エアシリンダの作動に伴うシリンダロッド1aの上下動に従って、プランジャ1が上下動する。 FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a plunger device for molding a parison in a conventional glass bottle molding machine. A cylinder rod 1a of an air cylinder (not shown) is connected to the base of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 moves up and down as the cylinder rod 1a moves up and down as the air cylinder operates.
 プランジャ1の基部の外周にはインナースリーブ2が嵌め込まれ、プランジャ1はインナースリーブ2の内部に沿って摺動可能である。インナースリーブ2の上端部が口型6内のガイドリング6a内に入り込み、プランジャ1とガイドリング6aの中心が一致するように構成されている。 The inner sleeve 2 is fitted on the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 can slide along the inner sleeve 2. The upper end portion of the inner sleeve 2 enters the guide ring 6a in the mouth mold 6 so that the centers of the plunger 1 and the guide ring 6a coincide.
 インナースリーブ2は外筒3の内部にあり、インナースリーブ2は外筒3の上部内面に沿って摺動可能である。インナースリーブ2の上下方向中間部の外周にはフランジ部2aが形成され、該フランジ部2aと外筒3内周面から内側に環状に膨出する支持部3cの間に、コイルスプリング4が設けられ、これによってインナースリーブ2は上方に付勢されている。 The inner sleeve 2 is inside the outer cylinder 3, and the inner sleeve 2 can slide along the upper inner surface of the outer cylinder 3. A flange portion 2a is formed on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the inner sleeve 2, and a coil spring 4 is provided between the flange portion 2a and a support portion 3c that bulges inwardly from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3. Thus, the inner sleeve 2 is biased upward.
 図8に示すプランジャ1の位置はローディングポジションで、エアシリンダは作動しておらず(ニュートラル状態)、インナースリーブ2はコイルスプリング4によって上方に押し付けられ、フランジ部2aの上面が外筒3の当接面3bに当接し、プランジャ1基部はインナースリーブ2下端から内側に環状に膨出する支持部3cに支持されて浮いた状態(プランジャ及びシリンダロッドの重量が支持部3cに支持されている状態)になっている。 The position of the plunger 1 shown in FIG. 8 is the loading position, the air cylinder is not operating (neutral state), the inner sleeve 2 is pressed upward by the coil spring 4, and the upper surface of the flange portion 2 a is in contact with the outer cylinder 3. Abutting against the contact surface 3b, the plunger 1 base is floated by being supported by a support 3c that bulges inwardly from the lower end of the inner sleeve 2 (the weight of the plunger and cylinder rod is supported by the support 3c) )It has become.
 パリソンを成形するためのプランジャアップポジションは、図8の状態からエアシリンダ(図示せず)が作動してシリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1が上昇する。口型が反転移動するためのダウンポジションは、アップポジションからエアシリンダ(図示せず)が作動してシリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1が降下し、図8に示すようにプランジャ1基部がインナースリーブ2下端の支持部3cに接触するが、シリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1は更に下降し、これにつれてインナースリーブ2もコイルスプリング4の力に逆らって、下端が支持部3cに接触するまで下降する。その後、エアシリンダはニュートラル状態となり、シリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1はフリーになりコイルスプリング4の力で図8のローディングポジションに戻る。 In the plunger up position for forming the parison, the air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state shown in FIG. 8, and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are raised. The air cylinder (not shown) is actuated from the up position to lower the cylinder mold 1a and the plunger 1 so that the mouth mold is reversely moved. As shown in FIG. 8, the base of the plunger 1 is the lower end of the inner sleeve 2. The cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are further lowered, and the inner sleeve 2 is also lowered against the force of the coil spring 4 until the lower end comes into contact with the support portion 3c. Thereafter, the air cylinder enters a neutral state, the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 become free, and return to the loading position shown in FIG.
 このようなプレスアンドブロー方式によるガラスびん成形機は、例えば下記特許文献1、2などに開示されている。 Such a press and blow type glass bottle molding machine is disclosed in, for example, the following Patent Documents 1 and 2.
特開平11-147722号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-147722 特開2000-34129号公報JP 2000-34129 A
 本発明者らは、ガラスびん成形の際に発生するいくつかの欠陥は、パリソン成形時にゴブを粗型投入するときのプランジャの位置、すなわちローディングポジションに関係することを発見した。以下、この点を図7に基づいて説明する。 The inventors of the present invention have found that some defects generated during glass bottle molding are related to the position of the plunger when the gob is inserted into the rough mold during parison molding, that is, the loading position. Hereinafter, this point will be described with reference to FIG.
 図7において、上段左側の図は粗型7内にゴブGが投入され、プランジャ1はローディングポジションにある。プランジャのローディングポジションが低いため、ゴブGの上部(ゴブGとバッフル8の間)に多くのエアが存在している。図7の上段右側の図は、左側の状態からプランジャ1がやや上昇してゴブGが持ち上げられたところである。この段階ではゴブはまだプレスされておらず、ゴブの上部にはエア溜まり12ができやすい。図7下段の図は、プランジャ1がさらに上昇してアップポジションとなり、パリソンPのプレス成形が完了した状態である。このように、ゴブは、プランジャの上昇に伴って一旦上昇した後、プレスが開始されてガラスが粗型内を下方に移動していくため、粗型の下方においてはガラスとの接触が遅れ、ガラス温度が下がって低温部Paが生じる。一方粗型の上部では、エア溜まりによって金型とガラスの接触が不良で温度が下がらない高温部Pbが生じる。 In FIG. 7, the upper left figure shows the gob G in the rough mold 7 and the plunger 1 is in the loading position. Since the loading position of the plunger is low, there is a lot of air in the upper part of the gob G (between the gob G and the baffle 8). The figure on the right side of the upper stage of FIG. 7 shows the position where the plunger 1 is slightly raised from the left side state and the gob G is lifted. At this stage, the gob has not been pressed yet, and an air reservoir 12 is easily formed on the upper part of the gob. The lower part of FIG. 7 shows a state where the plunger 1 is further raised to the up position and the press forming of the parison P is completed. In this way, the gob rises once with the rise of the plunger, and then the press is started and the glass moves downward in the rough mold, so the contact with the glass is delayed under the rough mold, The glass temperature is lowered and a low temperature portion Pa is generated. On the other hand, in the upper part of the rough mold, a high temperature portion Pb is generated in which the contact between the mold and the glass is poor due to air accumulation and the temperature does not decrease.
 このように、プランジャのローディングポジションが低いと、パリソンの温度ムラが大きくなる。このようなパリソンをブロー(圧縮空気の吹き込み)で仕上型成形するとパリソンの膨れ方が不均一になり、ガラスびんの肉厚不良となる。また、ゴブは、プランジャの上昇に伴って一旦上昇した後、プレスが開始されてガラスが粗型内を下方に移動していくため、プレスが遅れ、その分ガラス温度が下がり(ガラスの流動性が悪くなり)プレス圧力を高くする必要があるが、プレス圧力を高くすると型の合い目線が顕著に出る「合い目不良」や、表面の微細なクラックである「びり」が生じやすくなる。 Thus, when the plunger loading position is low, the temperature variation of the parison becomes large. When such a parison is finish-molded by blowing (injecting compressed air), the parison swells unevenly, resulting in poor thickness of the glass bottle. In addition, the gob rises once with the rise of the plunger, and then the press is started and the glass moves downward in the rough mold, so the press is delayed and the glass temperature is lowered accordingly (the glass fluidity). It is necessary to increase the press pressure. However, if the press pressure is increased, the “joint defect” in which the mold line of the mold becomes noticeable and “chatter” which is a fine crack on the surface is likely to occur.
 図5はプランジャのローディングポジションを高くした場合の説明図である。同図左側は、粗型7内にゴブGが投入され、プランジャ1はローディングポジションにある。プランジャのローディングポジションが高いため、ゴブGの上部(ゴブGとバッフル8の間)のエアはきわめて少ない。したがって、粗型の上部にエア溜まりは生じにくい。図5の右側はプランジャ1が上昇してアップポジションとなり、パリソンPのプレス成形が完了した状態である。このように、エア溜まりができにくく、しかもプランジャのローディングポジションが高く、プランジャの上昇開始とほぼ同時にガラスのプレスが始まるので、ガラス温度の低下が少なくなり、肉厚不良、合い目不良、びりなどの欠点の発生が減少する。 FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram when the loading position of the plunger is increased. On the left side of the figure, the gob G is inserted into the rough mold 7, and the plunger 1 is in the loading position. Due to the high loading position of the plunger, there is very little air above the gob G (between the gob G and the baffle 8). Accordingly, air accumulation is unlikely to occur in the upper portion of the rough mold. The right side of FIG. 5 shows a state where the plunger 1 is raised to the up position, and the press molding of the parison P is completed. In this way, air accumulation is difficult, and the plunger loading position is high, and the glass press starts almost simultaneously with the start of the plunger lift, so the glass temperature decreases less, poor wall thickness, poor joints, chatter, etc. The occurrence of defects is reduced.
 本発明は、パリソン成形におけるローディングポジションを高くして、ガラスびんに発生する肉厚不良、合い目不良、びりなどの欠点を減少させることを目的とするものである。 The object of the present invention is to increase the loading position in parison molding and reduce defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter that occur in glass bottles.
[規則91に基づく訂正 12.07.2011] 
 本発明は、粗型の下部に設けられた口型及びガイドリングの開口部に挿入したプランジャを上昇させてパリソンをプレス成形するガラスびん成形機であって、
前記プランジャはエアシリンダによって上昇・降下し、
プランジャと外筒の間にインナースリーブを有し、該インナースリーブはその外周部を取り巻いて設けられたコイルスプリングによって上方に付勢され、かつ前記外筒内を摺動可能であり、
前記プランジャは前記インナースリーブ内を摺動可能であり、前記インナースリーブ下端には内側に膨出する支持部が形成され、該支持部上にコイル状のスプリングスペーサが前記プランジャの基部の外周を取り巻いて載置され、
ゴブが粗型内に投入されるときのプランジャの位置であるローディングポジションにおいて、前記インナースリーブは前記コイルスプリングの押し上げ力によって所定の上昇した位置にあり、プランジャ基部は前記スプリングスペーサに支持されて浮いた状態であり、
パリソンを保持した口型が反転移動するときのプランジャの位置であるダウンポジションにおいて、前記インナースリーブはエアシリンダによって前記コイルスプリングの押し上げ力に逆らって所定の降下位置まで降下し、プランジャはインナースリーブに対しても下降し、プランジャ基部下面に押し下げられて前記スプリングスペーサが低く収縮することを特徴とするガラスびん成形機である。
[Correction based on Rule 91 12.07.2011]
The present invention is a glass bottle molding machine that presses a parison by raising a plunger inserted into an opening of a mouth mold and a guide ring provided in a lower part of a rough mold,
The plunger is raised and lowered by an air cylinder,
An inner sleeve is provided between the plunger and the outer cylinder, the inner sleeve is urged upward by a coil spring provided around the outer peripheral portion, and is slidable in the outer cylinder.
The plunger is slidable within the inner sleeve, and a support portion bulging inward is formed at the lower end of the inner sleeve, and a coiled spring spacer surrounds the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger. Placed,
In the loading position, which is the position of the plunger when the gob is thrown into the rough mold, the inner sleeve is in a predetermined raised position by the pushing force of the coil spring, and the plunger base is supported by the spring spacer and floats. The state
In the down position, which is the position of the plunger when the mouth mold holding the parison is reversed, the inner sleeve is lowered by the air cylinder to the predetermined lowering position against the pushing force of the coil spring, and the plunger is moved to the inner sleeve. In contrast, the glass bottle forming machine is characterized in that the spring spacer is lowered and is lowered to the lower surface of the plunger base so that the spring spacer is contracted low.
 本発明のガラス成形機は、プランジャのローディングポジションを高くして、肉厚不良、合い目不良、びりなどの欠点の発生を抑制することができる。
 すなわち、インナースリーブ内において、プランジャがスプリングスペーサの上に支持されるので、ローディングポジションがスプリングスペーサの高さだけ高くなる。また、ダウンポジションにおいては、プランジャはインナースリーブに対しても相対的に降下し、スプリングスペーサがその高さが低くなるように収縮するので、プランジャのローディングポジションを高くした割にはダウンポジションにおけるプランジャ位置が低くなり、口型の反転移動の邪魔にならないようにすることができる。
The glass molding machine of the present invention can increase the loading position of the plunger and suppress the occurrence of defects such as poor thickness, poor joint, and chatter.
That is, since the plunger is supported on the spring spacer in the inner sleeve, the loading position is increased by the height of the spring spacer. Also, in the down position, the plunger also descends relative to the inner sleeve, and the spring spacer contracts so that its height is lowered. The position can be lowered so that it does not interfere with the mouth-shaped reversal movement.
 本発明のガラス成形機は、従来の同種のガラス成形機のインナースリーブ内にスプリングスペーサを取り付けた構造であるので、従来のガラス成形機を容易に改造して本発明ガラス成形機とし、プランジャのローディングポジションを高くして欠点の発生を減少させることができる。プランジャのローディングポジションを高くした割にはダウンポジションにおけるプランジャ位置が低くなるので、通常、インナースリーブの上下動する範囲(ストローク)が大きくなるような改造を行う必要がない。 Since the glass molding machine of the present invention has a structure in which a spring spacer is attached to the inner sleeve of a conventional glass molding machine of the same type, the conventional glass molding machine can be easily modified to form the glass molding machine of the present invention. Increasing the loading position can reduce the occurrence of defects. Since the plunger position in the down position is lower for a higher plunger loading position, it is not usually necessary to make modifications to increase the range (stroke) of the inner sleeve to move up and down.
 本発明のガラス成形機は、ローディングポジションを高くしてガラスびんに発生する肉厚不良、合い目不良、びりなどの欠点を減少させることができる。また、プランジャのローディングポジションを高くした割にダウンポジションにおけるプランジャ位置が低くなるので、通常、インナースリーブ2の上下動のストロークを大きくする必要がなく、従来のガラス成形機を改造して本発明ガラス成形機とすることも容易である。 The glass molding machine of the present invention can increase the loading position and reduce defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter that occur in glass bottles. Further, since the plunger position in the down position is lowered while the plunger loading position is increased, it is not usually necessary to increase the vertical stroke of the inner sleeve 2, and the conventional glass forming machine is modified to make the glass of the present invention. It is also easy to make a molding machine.
実施形態におけるプランジャのローディングポジションの断面説明図である。It is a section explanatory view of the loading position of the plunger in an embodiment. 実施形態におけるプランジャのアップポジションの断面説明図である。It is a section explanatory view of the up position of the plunger in an embodiment. 実施形態におけるプランジャのダウンポジションの断面説明図である。It is a section explanatory view of the down position of the plunger in an embodiment. スプリングスペーサ5の断面図である。4 is a cross-sectional view of a spring spacer 5. FIG. プランジャのローディングポジションが高い場合のパリソン成形説明図である。It is a parison formation explanatory view in case the loading position of a plunger is high. 口型反転の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of mouth shape inversion. プランジャのローディングポジションが低い場合のパリソン成形説明図である。It is a parison formation explanatory drawing in case the loading position of a plunger is low. 従来ガラス成形機におけるプランジャのローディングポジションの断面説明図である。It is sectional explanatory drawing of the loading position of the plunger in the conventional glass forming machine.
発明の実施するための形態BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
 図1~3は、本発明ガラス成形機の実施形態におけるパリソンを成形する部分の概略断面図である。図1はプランジャ1がローディングポジションにあるとき、図2はアップポジションにあるとき、図3はダウンポジションにあるときを示している。 1 to 3 are schematic cross-sectional views of a portion for forming a parison in an embodiment of the glass forming machine of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the plunger 1 in the loading position, FIG. 2 shows the up position, and FIG. 3 shows the down position.
 プランジャ1の基部にはエアシリンダ(図示せず)のシリンダロッド1aが接続され、エアシリンダの作動に伴うシリンダロッド1aの上下動に従って、プランジャ1が上下動する。プランジャ1の基部の外周にはインナースリーブ2が嵌め込まれ、プランジャ1はインナースリーブ2の内部に沿って摺動可能である。インナースリーブ2の上端部が口型6内のガイドリング6a内に入り込み、プランジャ1とガイドリング6aの中心が一致するように構成されている。インナースリーブ2は外筒3の内部にあり、インナースリーブ2は外筒の上部内面に沿って摺動可能である。インナースリーブ2の上下方向中間部の外周にはフランジ部2aが環状に突出形成され、該フランジ部2aと、外筒3内周面から内側に環状に膨出する支持部3cの間に、コイルスプリング4がインナースリーブ2の外側で外筒3の内側に設けられ、これによってインナースリーブ2は上方に付勢されている。 The cylinder rod 1a of an air cylinder (not shown) is connected to the base of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 moves up and down as the cylinder rod 1a moves up and down as the air cylinder operates. An inner sleeve 2 is fitted on the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1, and the plunger 1 can slide along the inside of the inner sleeve 2. The upper end portion of the inner sleeve 2 enters the guide ring 6a in the mouth mold 6 so that the centers of the plunger 1 and the guide ring 6a coincide. The inner sleeve 2 is inside the outer cylinder 3, and the inner sleeve 2 is slidable along the upper inner surface of the outer cylinder. A flange portion 2a is formed annularly on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the inner sleeve 2, and a coil is formed between the flange portion 2a and a support portion 3c that bulges inwardly from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 3. A spring 4 is provided outside the inner sleeve 2 and inside the outer cylinder 3, whereby the inner sleeve 2 is biased upward.
 図1~3のガラスびん成形機が図8の従来の成形機と異なるのは、スプリングスペーサ5を有する点で、その他は全く同じである。インナースリーブ2の下端には内側に環状に膨出する支持部3cが形成され、支持部3c上にコイル状のスプリングスペーサ5がプランジャ1の基部の外周を取り巻くように載置され、プランジャ1の基部は、スプリングスペーサ5の上に載置されている。 The glass bottle molding machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is different from the conventional molding machine shown in FIG. A support portion 3c that bulges inwardly is formed at the lower end of the inner sleeve 2, and a coiled spring spacer 5 is placed on the support portion 3c so as to surround the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger 1. The base is placed on the spring spacer 5.
 図4はスプリングスペーサ5の断面図である。スプリングスペーサ5は、断面が長方形の細長い板状体をコイル状に捲回したものである。上段は力が作用していない自然の状態、下段がダウンポジションにおける収縮した状態である。 FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the spring spacer 5. The spring spacer 5 is obtained by winding an elongated plate-like body having a rectangular cross section into a coil shape. The upper stage is a natural state where no force is applied, and the lower stage is a contracted state in the down position.
 図1のプランジャ1の位置はローディングポジションで、エアシリンダは作動しておらず(ニュートラルの状態)、インナースリーブ2はコイルスプリング4の押し上げ力によって上方に押し付けられ、フランジ部2aの上面が外筒3の当接面3bに当接している。また、プランジャ1はスプリングスペーサ5の押し上げ力によって保持されている(プランジャ及びシリンダロッドの重量がスプリングスペーサ5の押し上げ力に支えられている)。図1のプランジャのローディングポジションは、図8の従来成形機におけるプランジャのローディングポジションよりもスプリングスペーサ5の高さだけ高くなっている。 The position of the plunger 1 in FIG. 1 is the loading position, the air cylinder is not in operation (neutral state), the inner sleeve 2 is pressed upward by the pushing force of the coil spring 4, and the upper surface of the flange portion 2a is the outer cylinder 3 is in contact with the contact surface 3b. The plunger 1 is held by the pushing force of the spring spacer 5 (the weight of the plunger and the cylinder rod is supported by the pushing force of the spring spacer 5). The plunger loading position in FIG. 1 is higher than the plunger loading position in the conventional molding machine in FIG. 8 by the height of the spring spacer 5.
 図2は、パリソンを成形するため、図1の状態からエアシリンダ(図示せず)が作動してシリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1がアップポジションに上昇した状態である。このときインナースリーブ2の位置は図1の位置と変わりない。 FIG. 2 shows a state in which an air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state of FIG. 1 and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are raised to the up position in order to form a parison. At this time, the position of the inner sleeve 2 is not different from the position of FIG.
 図3は、図2の状態からエアシリンダ(図示せず)が作動してシリンダロッド1a及びプランジャ1がダウンポジションに降下した状態である。プランジャ1が降下すると、先ずプランジャ基部の下面がスプリングスペーサ5上端に当接し、スプリングスペーサ5の高さが低くなるように収縮させ、さらにコイルスプリング4を下方に変形させながらインナースリーブ2を押し下げる。ついには、インナースリーブ2下端は支持部3cに当接して降下を停止し、スプリングスペーサ5は図4の下段に示すように縮んだ状態になる。 FIG. 3 shows a state in which an air cylinder (not shown) is operated from the state of FIG. 2 and the cylinder rod 1a and the plunger 1 are lowered to the down position. When the plunger 1 descends, first, the lower surface of the plunger base comes into contact with the upper end of the spring spacer 5, contracts so that the height of the spring spacer 5 becomes lower, and further pushes down the inner sleeve 2 while deforming the coil spring 4 downward. Finally, the lower end of the inner sleeve 2 comes into contact with the support portion 3c to stop the lowering, and the spring spacer 5 is contracted as shown in the lower part of FIG.
 図3のプランジャダウンポジションにおいて、口型6は成形したパリソンを保持した状態で、メカニズム9によって仕上型に反転移動する。このとき、口型6(又はガイドリング6a)の内面下端は鎖線矢印の軌跡を移動するが、プランジャ1に接触することはない。 In the plunger down position of FIG. 3, the mouth mold 6 is reversely moved to the finishing mold by the mechanism 9 while holding the molded parison. At this time, the lower end of the inner surface of the mouthpiece 6 (or the guide ring 6a) moves along the locus of the chain line arrow but does not come into contact with the plunger 1.
 図1~3の実施態様は、従来の成形機にスプリングスペーサ5を取り付け、プランジャのローディングポジションを3/8インチ高くした。これにより、パリソンのプレス終了時間が約10°(ガラスびんの成形1サイクルを360°とした場合)早くなり、肉厚不良、合い目不良、びりなどの欠点で排除されていたガラスびんの数は約25%減少した。 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the spring spacer 5 is attached to a conventional molding machine, and the plunger loading position is increased by 3/8 inch. As a result, the press finish time of the parison is increased by about 10 ° (when one cycle of glass bottle forming is 360 °), and the number of glass bottles that have been excluded due to defects such as defective thickness, poor joint, and chatter. Decreased by about 25%.
 1 プランジャ
 1a シリンダロッド
 2 インナースリーブ
 2a フランジ部
 2b 下端部
 2c 先端部
 3 外筒
 3a ガイド部
 3b 当接面
 3c 支持部
 4 コイルスプリング
 5 スプリングスペーサ
 6 口型
 6a ガイドリング
 7 粗型
 8 バッフル
 9 メカニズム
 10 仕上型
 12 エア溜まり
 G ゴブ
 P パリソン
 Pa 高温部
 Pb 低温部
 
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plunger 1a Cylinder rod 2 Inner sleeve 2a Flange part 2b Lower end part 2c Tip part 3 Outer cylinder 3a Guide part 3b Contact surface 3c Support part 4 Coil spring 5 Spring spacer 6 Port type 6a Guide ring 7 Coarse type 8 Baffle 9 Mechanism 10 Finishing type 12 Air pool G Gob P Parison Pa High temperature part Pb Low temperature part

Claims (1)

  1. [規則91に基づく訂正 22.08.2011]
    [規則91に基づく訂正 12.07.2011] 
    粗型の下部に設けられた口型及びガイドリングの開口部に挿入したプランジャを上昇させてパリソンをプレス成形するガラスびん成形機であって、
    前記プランジャはエアシリンダによって上昇・降下し、
    プランジャと外筒の間にインナースリーブを有し、該インナースリーブはその外周部を取り巻いて設けられたコイルスプリングによって上方に付勢され、かつ前記外筒内を摺動可能であり、
    前記プランジャは前記インナースリーブ内を摺動可能であり、前記インナースリーブ下端には内側に膨出する支持部が形成され、該支持部上にコイル状のスプリングスペーサが前記プランジャの基部の外周を取り巻いて載置され、
    ゴブが粗型内に投入されるときのプランジャの位置であるローディングポジションにおいて、前記インナースリーブは前記コイルスプリングの押し上げ力によって所定の上昇した位置にあり、プランジャ基部は前記スプリングスペーサに支持されて浮いた状態であり、
    パリソンを保持した口型が反転移動するときのプランジャの位置であるダウンポジションにおいて、前記インナースリーブはエアシリンダによって前記コイルスプリングの押し上げ力に逆らって所定の降下位置まで降下し、プランジャはインナースリーブに対しても下降し、プランジャ基部下面に押し下げられて前記スプリングスペーサが低く収縮することを特徴とするガラスびん成形機。
    [Correction based on Rule 91 22.08.2011]
    [Correction based on Rule 91 12.07.2011]
    A glass bottle molding machine that presses a parison by raising a plunger inserted in an opening of a mouth mold and a guide ring provided in a lower part of a rough mold,
    The plunger is raised and lowered by an air cylinder,
    An inner sleeve is provided between the plunger and the outer cylinder, the inner sleeve is urged upward by a coil spring provided around the outer peripheral portion, and is slidable in the outer cylinder.
    The plunger is slidable within the inner sleeve, and a support portion bulging inward is formed at the lower end of the inner sleeve, and a coiled spring spacer surrounds the outer periphery of the base portion of the plunger. Placed,
    In the loading position, which is the position of the plunger when the gob is thrown into the rough mold, the inner sleeve is in a predetermined raised position by the pushing force of the coil spring, and the plunger base is supported by the spring spacer and floats. The state
    In the down position, which is the position of the plunger when the mouth mold holding the parison is reversed, the inner sleeve is lowered by the air cylinder to the predetermined lowering position against the pushing force of the coil spring, and the plunger is moved to the inner sleeve. The glass bottle forming machine is characterized in that it is also lowered and pushed down by the lower surface of the plunger base so that the spring spacer contracts to a low level.
PCT/JP2011/055595 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Glass bottle molding machine WO2012120673A1 (en)

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CN201180067956.8A CN103402931B (en) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Vial forming machine
PCT/JP2011/055595 WO2012120673A1 (en) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Glass bottle molding machine
JP2011530311A JP4861536B1 (en) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Glass bottle forming machine

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013191818A1 (en) * 2012-06-22 2013-12-27 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Plunger and parison mold assembly for a narrow-neck press-and-blow wine bottle

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105174693B (en) * 2015-08-31 2017-07-25 荆门市楚大机电有限公司 A kind of multigroup single drop is double into mould swinging Mechanism of I. S. Machine

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JPH09142853A (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-06-03 Yamamura Glass Co Ltd Apparatus for forming blank mold of bottle producing machine
JP2000034129A (en) * 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Toyo Glass Co Ltd Glass bottle forming machine

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JPH11322346A (en) * 1998-05-13 1999-11-24 Toyo Glass Co Ltd Glass bottle-molding machine
DE19935866C1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2000-11-23 Heye Hermann Fa Parison is pressed in an initial mold, especially of an IS press-blow glass molding machine, using an internal punch for complete shaping of an axial outer sealing edge of the parison mouth

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09142853A (en) * 1995-11-17 1997-06-03 Yamamura Glass Co Ltd Apparatus for forming blank mold of bottle producing machine
JP2000034129A (en) * 1998-07-16 2000-02-02 Toyo Glass Co Ltd Glass bottle forming machine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013191818A1 (en) * 2012-06-22 2013-12-27 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Plunger and parison mold assembly for a narrow-neck press-and-blow wine bottle
US8701444B2 (en) 2012-06-22 2014-04-22 Owens-Brockway Glass Container Inc. Plunger and parison mold assembly for a narrow-neck press-and-blow wine bottle

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CN103402931B (en) 2015-11-25
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JP4861536B1 (en) 2012-01-25

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