WO2012120144A2 - Procédé de production d'un tirant enrobé d'une couche polymérique - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'un tirant enrobé d'une couche polymérique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012120144A2
WO2012120144A2 PCT/EP2012/054237 EP2012054237W WO2012120144A2 WO 2012120144 A2 WO2012120144 A2 WO 2012120144A2 EP 2012054237 W EP2012054237 W EP 2012054237W WO 2012120144 A2 WO2012120144 A2 WO 2012120144A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polymer
fibers
fiber structure
fiber
carrier
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Application number
PCT/EP2012/054237
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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WO2012120144A3 (fr
Inventor
Tobias Schmidt
Bernd Reif
Original Assignee
Sgl Carbon Se
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Application filed by Sgl Carbon Se filed Critical Sgl Carbon Se
Publication of WO2012120144A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012120144A2/fr
Publication of WO2012120144A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012120144A3/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B7/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, rope- or cable-making machines; Auxiliary apparatus associated with such machines
    • D07B7/02—Machine details; Auxiliary devices
    • D07B7/14—Machine details; Auxiliary devices for coating or wrapping ropes, cables, or component strands thereof
    • D07B7/145—Coating or filling-up interstices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/06—Rod-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154—Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/156—Coating two or more articles simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/08—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers
    • B29C70/086—Fibrous reinforcements only comprising combinations of different forms of fibrous reinforcements incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers, and with or without non-reinforced layers and with one or more layers of pure plastics material, e.g. foam layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/523—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement in the die
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
    • B66B7/062—Belts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/32—Extrusion nozzles or dies with annular openings, e.g. for forming tubular articles
    • B29C48/34—Cross-head annular extrusion nozzles, i.e. for simultaneously receiving moulding material and the preform to be coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
    • B29K2307/04—Carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/02—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics
    • D07B1/04—Ropes built-up from fibrous or filamentary material, e.g. of vegetable origin, of animal origin, regenerated cellulose, plastics with a core of fibres or filaments arranged parallel to the centre line
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/162—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber enveloping sheathing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
    • D07B1/165—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics characterised by a plastic or rubber inlay
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2015—Strands
    • D07B2201/2042—Strands characterised by a coating
    • D07B2201/2044—Strands characterised by a coating comprising polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
    • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
    • D07B2201/2075—Fillers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
    • D07B2205/30—Inorganic materials
    • D07B2205/3007—Carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2076—Power transmissions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process, in particular a continuous process for the production of a coated with a polymer layer tension carrier, in which a fiber structure impregnated with at least one polymer precursor and the tensile support thus produced is then coated with a polymer layer. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a sheathed tensile carrier obtainable by the process according to the invention, its use and an apparatus for the continuous production of a sheathed tensile carrier.
  • Supporting means such as conveyor belts, are coated with a layer, in particular a polymer layer. While the sheath protects the conveyor belt from mechanical damage, the tension member, which is usually designed as a composite material, serves to transmit the tensile forces arising in the conveyor belt and gives the conveyor belt the necessary carrying capacity and shock resistance.
  • a suspension means for an elevator system which comprises a plurality of each provided with a coating of a thermoplastic fiber-shaped tension elements made of metal, wherein a plurality of these coated tension elements is encased with an outer sheath of a polymer material.
  • WO 2009/090299 A1 proposes a suspension element for an elevator system, which is designed as a tension carrier encased in a polymer layer.
  • the tension member is a fiber composite material, which consists of a poly mermatrix impregnated fibers is formed.
  • Such coated with a polymer layer tensile carriers have for use in a load application, such as a passenger elevator system, advantageous properties, namely in particular a high tensile strength and high wear resistance on.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method for producing a coated with a polymer layer tension carrier, which is feasible in a continuous process with little time and cost, can be produced with the sheathed tensile carrier with an unlimited length and without pre-curvature, and with which sheathed tensile carriers are obtained which have the properties required for use as suspension elements in a truck-mounted system, namely in particular a high tensile strength and an excellent wear resistance.
  • this object is achieved by a process for the production of a tension carrier encased in a polymer layer, which comprises the following steps: a) producing at least one tensile carrier by impregnating at least one carbon fiber-containing fiber structure with at least one polymer precursor and pultruding the impregnated fiber structure and b) at least partially sheathing the at least one tensile carrier produced in step a) with a layer of a polymer by means of extrusion.
  • the pultrusion of the impregnated fiber structure in step a) immediately follows impregnation of the fiber structure containing at least one carbon fiber with at least one polymer precursor.
  • the object according to the invention is achieved by a process for producing a tension-coated carrier with a polymer layer, which comprises the following steps: a) producing at least one tension carrier by pultruding at least one fiber structure preimpregnated with a polymer precursor and in particular stabilized carbon fibers and
  • Step a) produced tensile carrier with a layer of a
  • Preimpregnated in this context means that the fiber structure is impregnated by a time-prior, separate manufacturing step, wherein a desired fiber-resin ratio is set.
  • stabilized means that the viscosity and adhesiveness of the fiber structure are reduced, but without achieving complete polymeric crosslinking.
  • the process according to the second aspect of the invention is particularly suitable for prepreg slit tapes, tow pregs or UD tapes as the carbon fiber-containing fiber structure. It has been found that these are well suited to pultrusion by preimpregnation and stabilization.
  • impregnation can be carried out “in-line”, i.e. immediately before pultruding, or else "offline", for instance by pultrusion taking place in a separate working step, which is independent of the step of impregnation.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to produce a tension carrier encased in a polymer layer in a process which is continuously carried out from the provision of the fiber structure to the receipt of the finished coated tension carrier without interruption. Another advantage of the method is that it is easy to automate.
  • the present invention makes it possible, with little expenditure of time and money, to produce a tension member encased in a polymer layer which, due to its mechanical properties, is outstandingly suitable for use as a suspension element in a load application, for example in a passenger elevator system.
  • the sheathed tensile carrier produced according to the invention can absorb excellent tensile forces acting in the longitudinal direction of the carbon fibers, which is why the tensile carrier in particular has a very high tensile strength.
  • the fibers of the fiber structure by the impregnation of the fiber structure with polymer in the further processing and in the subsequent application reliably from damage, such as before the formation of cracks on the peripheral surface of the fibers or protected from kinking of the fibers.
  • the tensile member as a whole is protected from mechanical deterioration by the extrusion-polymer jacket, and the properties of the outer polymer coating can be combined with those of the tension member.
  • the elastic properties of the produced sheathed tensile carrier can be adjusted to a desired value. Due to the achieved by the extrusion particularly strong cohesive connection between the sheath and the tension member is finally an effective transfer of forces that are exerted on the jacket, for example, by a drive or pulley of an elevator system, allows the internal tension member.
  • a jacketed tensile carrier with almost unlimited length and without pre-curvature can be produced because the fibers of the fiber structure are oriented substantially straight in the entire process with respect to their longitudinal extent. Because of this, the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of jacketed tension members, which are used for a double bend. In addition, the method according to the invention can be easily upscaled or scaled up, so that with relatively low investment costs and with comparatively low production costs, it is possible to achieve annual production quantities of coated tensile members of more than 5,000 km.
  • a fiber structure is understood to be any structure which comprises a plurality, that is, at least two, fibers.
  • the polymer precursor is generally understood to be any single-component or multicomponent composition from which a polymer, which is also understood to mean copolymers, is cured by curing. can be produced.
  • the polymer precursor can be a reactive monomer and / or oligomers and optionally catalyst-containing mixture which can be polymerized under suitable temperature conditions to form a polymer.
  • the polymer precursor may itself be an uncrosslinked or precrosslinked polymer which is crosslinked by curing or whose degree of crosslinking is increased by curing.
  • Curing of the polymer precursor therefore means the reaction of the polymer precursor into the polymer, ie, for example, the polymerization of monomers or oligomers into the polymer or the crosslinking of uncrosslinked or precrosslinked polymers to give the completely crosslinked polymer.
  • pultrusion is understood to mean exclusively a shaping step, that is to say a step without the previous impregnation.
  • the process according to the invention specifically comprises impregnating a fiber structure with a polymer precursor and subsequently curing the polymer precursor, because such a fiber structure is obtained, which is particularly completely and uniformly impregnated or penetrated by the polymer, since the not yet cured polymer precursor has a comparatively low viscosity and so can penetrate deeply and evenly during the impregnation in the cavities of the fiber structure. Due to this, the fibers contained in the tensile carrier are particularly effectively protected by the polymer against mechanical effects which arise, for example, as a result of rubbing together of different fibers.
  • the present invention provides a method which can be carried out continuously, in particular, by means of which a tension member coated with a polymer layer can be produced simply and cost-effectively from a fiber structure which is excellently suited for use as a suspension element in a truck-trailer system, in particular in an elevator system.
  • a continuous process is understood in particular to mean a process in which the two steps a) and b) are carried out successively such that the step speed of the first step corresponds at least substantially to the step speed of the second step.
  • the step a) as fiber structure containing carbon fibers, a roving, a scrim, a nonwoven, a felt, a knitted fabric, a knitted fabric, a braid, one or more yarns, one or more strands or a fabric used.
  • carbon fibers in principle other fibers may also be present in the fiber structure, for example fibers of glass, basalt and / or aramid.
  • a roving, a leno cloth or a woven tape is used in step a) of the method according to the invention as the carbon fiber-containing fiber structure, wherein the use of a roving is very particularly preferred. It is of course advantageous if at least a part and preferably all of the fibers of the fiber structure are oriented in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the tension member, because a tensile carrier is thus created, which can absorb particularly high tensile forces in its longitudinal direction.
  • step a) as carbon fiber-containing fiber structure a roving with a Filamentan- number between 1, 000 and 300,000, preferably between 12,000 and 60,000 and particularly preferably used between 24,000 and 50,000, because they can be processed with the inventive method particularly well-coated tension members with the desired properties.
  • a roving containing, for example, 24,000 or 50,000 filaments or fibers is also referred to as 24k roving or 50k roving.
  • Sheathed tensile carriers with particularly good mechanical properties and in particular particularly high tensile loads are achieved in particular with the process according to the invention if a roving is used in step a) as a carbon fiber-containing fiber structure whose fibers have a length weight between 1 and 10 g / m, preferably between 2 and 5 g / m, and more preferably between 3 and 4 g / m.
  • a fiber structure containing such fine fibers With a fiber structure containing such fine fibers, a particularly good adhesion between the fibers and the impregnated polymer and thus a particularly strong bond in the tensile carrier is obtained.
  • step a) as carbon fiber-containing fiber structure a roving whose fibers have a diameter between 5 and 10 m, and more preferably between 6 and 7 m.
  • a carbon fiber-containing fiber structure is used, which at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 80% , more preferably at least 90% and most preferably entirely consists of carbon fibers.
  • the remaining fiber content can be made, for example, from glass fibers, poly mermaschinen such as aramid fibers, basalt fibers or any mixtures of two or more of the above fiber types.
  • a fiber structure is used in step a) which comprises at least two fiber layers and / or fiber regions, which may be spatially separated from each other or overlap, preferably with respect to the type of fibers contained therein or with respect differentiate the proportions of the fibers contained therein.
  • the layers may differ in the proportions of the carbon fibers contained in the layers and the other fibers such as glass fibers. In this way, the mechanical properties of the tensile carrier produced in the individual areas of the tension member can be adjusted specifically.
  • a layer arranged in the center of the tensile carrier with respect to a height direction of the tensile carrier can have a particularly high tensile strength, while a layer arranged thereon, which contains fewer carbon fibers, has an increased flexibility compared to this layer Having the longitudinal direction of the tension member.
  • a fiber structure which comprises at least one layer which consists of at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% and most preferably entirely of carbon fibers, and at least one layer which is composed of another kind of fibers such as glass fibers, polymer fibers such as aramid fibers, basalt fibers other than the carbon fibers contained in the other layer, or any mixtures of two or more of the above fiber types.
  • a fiber structure which at least partially contains fibers which are coated with a size.
  • Good results in this respect are obtained, for example, if the size contains a polyurethane or an epoxy ester.
  • Such sizing acts as a bonding agent between the fibers and the polymer precursor applied during the impregnation, so that a particularly complete and firmly adhering impregnation of the fibers with the polymer is achieved by the use of the sizing.
  • the carbon fibers may have been prepared by carbonizing and optionally subsequently graphitizing a carbon precursor, such as polyacrylonitrile or pitch.
  • Suitable polymer precursors for the process according to the invention are in particular reactive thermoplastic precursors and reactive thermoset precursors.
  • a reactive thermoplastic precursor herein is referred to a polymer precursor which is polymerizable by curing to a thermoplastic
  • a reactive thermoset precursor a polymer precursor is called, which is crosslinkable by curing to a thermosetting plastic or polymerizable by curing to a thermoset and crosslinkable.
  • the thermoplastic or Duroplastvoriquer is preferably cured by a heat treatment, wherein the Thermoplast perspective. Duroplast precursor for this purpose, a catalyst can be added.
  • thermoplastic or Duroplastvoriquer has in comparison to the cured polymer to a comparatively low viscosity, so that it can penetrate particularly deep into the at least one fiber structure and impregnate this particularly completely and evenly.
  • Fundamental examples of polymer precursors in the form of reactive thermoplastic precursors which can be cured to give thermoplastics are: i) a mixture comprising at least one monomer and optionally at least one catalyst,
  • a mixture comprising at least one monomer, at least one oligomer and optionally at least one catalyst.
  • oligomer is a molecule which contains between 2 and less than 100 structurally identical repeat units.
  • polymer denotes a molecule which contains at least 100 structurally identical repeat units.
  • the temperature at which the thermoplastic precursor is polymerized can be adjusted specifically, so that the curing of the thermoplastic precursor to the thermoplastic can be carried out in a particularly controlled.
  • thermoplastic precursors to be used in step a) are polyamide precursors, that is to say compositions which polymerize on curing to give a polyamide.
  • polyamide precursors that is to say compositions which polymerize on curing to give a polyamide.
  • a caprolactam and optionally a catalyst-containing mixture can be used for this purpose.
  • At least one reactive thermoset precursor is used in step a).
  • This may for example be selected from the group consisting of phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins and vinyl ester resins.
  • mixtures of corresponding monomers, optionally oligomers and, if appropriate, catalyst can be used as thermoset precursors which polymerize and crosslink during curing or already polymers which are uncrosslinked or only weakly precrosslinked, which are then crosslinked or completely cured be networked.
  • Phenoplasts are thermosetting plastics based on polycondensation-produced phenolic resin, which is why phenolic precursors, for example mixtures of a phenol, an aldehyde and an acid or base are suitable as a catalyst.
  • thermosetting polyurethanes are crosslinked polymers containing urethane groups which can be advantageously synthesized by a polyaddition reaction from polyols and polyisocyanates, the polyol and / or the polyisocyanate being trifunctional or higher functional.
  • a corresponding thermoset precursor thus contains, for example, a polyol, a trifunctional polyisocyanate and a catalyst, such as an amine or an organometallic compound.
  • Epoxy resins can be prepared, for example, by catalytic polymerization of epoxides or by reacting epoxides with diols so that a corresponding epoxy resin precursor contains, for example, an epoxide such as epichlorohydrin, a diol such as bisphenol A, and a catalyst.
  • thermosetting polyesters are crosslinked polymers containing ester groups, so that, for example, a mixture of an alcohol, a carboxylic acid and a catalyst is used as precursor for thermosetting polyesters, where the alcohol and / or the carboxylic acid is trifunctional or higher functional.
  • vinyl esters are prepared, for example, by the esterification of epoxy resins with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out such that the polymer precursor in step a) during the impregnation and completely cures the closing pultrusion.
  • the process according to the invention can be carried out such that the polymer precursor in step a) during the impregnation and completely cures the closing pultrusion.
  • Curing means in this case the complete polymerization of the thermoplastic precursor in the case of a thermoplastic precursor and in the case of a thermoset precursor complete crosslinking or complete polymerization and crosslinking of the thermoset precursor, whereas precuring only partially, but not yet complete, polymerization of a thermoplastic precursor or partially, but not yet denoting complete crosslinking or polymerization and crosslinking of a thermoset precursor.
  • the polymer precursor applied to the fibrous structure can be heated, for example by means of a heating device contained in the pultrusion tool, for example to a temperature of at least 50 ° C and preferably of at least 80 ° C.
  • the polymer precursor is injected into a pultrusion tool during the impregnation in step a).
  • a pultrusion tool during the impregnation in step a.
  • the polymer precursor is injected in this embodiment with a pressure between 1 and 50 bar in the pultrusion tool.
  • the pultrusion tool comprises a forming tool.
  • the shaping tool can be or comprise a shaping nozzle, through which the fiber structure is pulled, so that the cross section of the fiber structure is brought at least approximately to a predetermined by the shaping nozzle cross-section.
  • the polymer precursor is injected in step a) into the forming tool, preferably into the forming die of the forming tool.
  • the tensile carrier produced as described above in step a) is encased at least in regions with a polymer, specifically by means of extrusion.
  • a polymer specifically by means of extrusion.
  • any polymer can be used in step b) as long as it is extrudable.
  • good results are obtained in particular if the tensile carrier produced in step a) is sheathed in step b) at least in regions with a thermoplastic, thermosets or elastomer, and particularly preferably with a thermoplastic elastomer.
  • a polymer which is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic polyolefins, thermoplastic polyurethanes, thermoplastic starches, thermoplastic rubbers, elastomeric rubbers, phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, polyester resins, vinyl ester resins and any mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned compounds.
  • step b) a polymer which at room temperature and in the cured Condition has a modulus of elasticity of at most 1,000 MPa.
  • the extrusion in step b) can be carried out at any suitable temperature, wherein the polymer during the extrusion, for example, to a temperature between 100 ° C and 400 ° C, preferably between 150 ° C and 300 ° C and particularly preferably between 180 ° C and 250 ° C is heated.
  • the polymer is extruded in step b) onto the impregnated tensile carrier preferably substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tensile carrier.
  • an extrusion die can be used, the outlet opening of which is directed essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the impregnated tensile carrier onto the impregnated tensile carrier.
  • the process is preferably carried out in such a way that the sheathed tensile carrier obtained in step b) has a modulus of elasticity of 0.1 to 4 GPa measured perpendicular to its longitudinal extent.
  • Another object of the present invention is a coated with a polymer layer tensile carrier, which is obtainable by the inventive method described above. The advantageous embodiments and advantages described above in relation to the method apply correspondingly to the sheathed tensile carrier according to the invention.
  • Such a tension member may in particular be designed as a suspension element and is particularly suitable for use as a suspension element in a load application, preferably in a conveyor system, in a transport system, in a traction system, in a machine for traction or power transmission or in an elevator system and particularly preferably in a passenger elevator system.
  • Another object of the present invention is an apparatus for producing, in particular for the continuous production of a coated with a polymer layer tension carrier, which comprises a pultrusion device and downstream thereof an extrusion device, wherein in the pultrusion device, a heating device is provided.
  • a pultrusion device By means of such a pultrusion device, according to the process of the invention, at least one fiber structure containing carbon fibers can be impregnated with at least one polymer precursor and the polymer precursor can be precured or cured in the pultrusion device.
  • a polymer precursor with sufficiently low viscosity can be introduced into the fiber structure, so that the fiber structure is impregnated particularly completely and uniformly and then precured or cured in the pultrusion device.
  • the device according to the invention can comprise a pultrusion device with a shaping tool as described above and / or an extrusion device with an extrusion nozzle as described above.
  • the production line 8 initially comprises a feed section 10 in which the production line 8 is supplied with fiber structures 12 containing a plurality of carbon fibers, which in the present exemplary embodiment are formed as carbon fiber-containing rovings whose fibers are oriented along the conveying direction.
  • the feed section 10 is followed by a pultrusion section 14 with a pultrusion tool 16, in which the individual fiber structures 12 are brought together and impregnated and precured by forming an impregnated fiber structure 18 with at least one polymer precursor.
  • the pultrusion die 16 comprises a pultrusion die (not shown) through which the at least one polymer precursor is injected under pressure into the pultrusion die 16 to impregnate the fiber structures 12.
  • the pultrusion nozzle is heated in the present embodiment to heat the polymer precursor, so that it is pre-cured on the fiber structures 12.
  • the impregnated and precured fibrous structure 18 shown in the figure in perspective view has an approximately rectangular cross-section, which is determined by the shape of the pultrusion nozzle of the pultrusion die 16. By doing In the present embodiment, the impregnated and pre-cured fiber structure 18 has a greater width b than height h.
  • the fiber structures 12 are brought together when drawn into the pultrusion die 16.
  • a separate assembly unit for this purpose in front of the pultrusion tool 16 in order to bring together the individual fiber structures 12.
  • Such a merging unit may, for example, comprise a plurality of deflection rollers or deflection rollers, between which a gap is formed, through which the fiber structures 12 are passed to bring them together.
  • the impregnated and precured fibrous structure 18 is continuously fed to a curing section 20 in which a heating unit 22 is provided for fully curing the at least one polymer precursor to the polymer. Due to the complete curing of the polymer precursor, the tension member 24 is formed.
  • the heating unit 22 may comprise, for example, one or more heated plates, over which the impregnated fiber structure 18 is guided. Alternatively or additionally, the heating unit 22 may for this purpose also comprise a convective heating unit or a radiant heater.
  • the polymer precursor applied to the fiber structures 12 can, in principle, also be completely cured already in the pultrusion section 14, in which case a heating unit 22 separate from the pultrusion tool 16 can be dispensed with.
  • a heating unit 22 separate from the pultrusion tool 16 can be dispensed with.
  • pre-curing or curing in the pultrusion tool 16 can basically be dispensed with and complete curing in the flow-hardening process can take place. downstream of the pultrusion tool 16 arranged heating unit 22 take place.
  • the curing section 20 is followed by an extrusion section 26 in which an extrusion die 28 is provided to coat the tension member 24 by extrusion to form a coated tension member 32 having a layer 30 of polymer.
  • the extrusion tool 28 comprises a perpendicular to the tension member 24 directed transverse spray head through which the tension member 24 passes.
  • the tension member 24 is completely encased in the extrusion die 28 with the polymer, the polymer layer 30 having a substantially constant thickness over the entire surface of the tension member.
  • a drawing section 34 follows with a drawing unit 36, which pulls the sheathed tensile carrier 32 through the steps of the production line 8 arranged upstream thereof in the conveying direction.
  • the drawing unit 36 is formed by two bands, which engage from above and below the coated tension member 32.
  • a take-up section 38 having a take-up unit 40 formed by a roll for winding the finished covered tensile carrier 32.
  • the sheathed tensile beam 32 produced by this method is designed as a belt-like support means with a greater width B than height H, which is outstandingly suitable for use in a load application, such as in conveyor belts. installations, in traction systems, in traction or power transmission machinery, and in particular in passenger elevator systems.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé, notamment un procédé continu pour produire un tirant enrobé d'une couche polymérique, comprenant les étapes consistant à: a) produire au moins un tirant par imprégnation d'au moins une structure de fibres qui contient des fibres de carbone, avec au moins un précurseur polymérique et effectuer la pultrusion de la structure de fibres imprégnée et b) enrober au moins par zones ledit au moins un tirant obtenu en a) d'une couche polymérique par extrusion. L'invention concerne également un tirant enrobé obtenu selon le procédé selon l'invention, son utilisation et un dispositif de production, notamment de production continue d'un tirant enrobé.
PCT/EP2012/054237 2011-03-10 2012-03-12 Procédé de production d'un tirant enrobé d'une couche polymérique WO2012120144A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011005323A DE102011005323A1 (de) 2011-03-10 2011-03-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit einer Polymerschicht ummantelten Zugträgers
DE102011005323.9 2011-03-10

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WO2012120144A2 true WO2012120144A2 (fr) 2012-09-13
WO2012120144A3 WO2012120144A3 (fr) 2012-11-01

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US9994429B1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-06-12 Otis Elevator Company Handrail with a built-in RBI
WO2018198240A1 (fr) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-01 三菱電機株式会社 Ascenseur, corps de suspension associé, et procédé de production de corps de suspension
US10160620B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2018-12-25 Otis Elevator Company Tension member for elevator system
US11332343B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2022-05-17 Otis Elevator Company Tension member for elevator system belt
US11866300B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2024-01-09 Otis Elevator Company Overbraided non-metallic tension members

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DE102015213568A1 (de) 2015-07-20 2017-01-26 Sgl Carbon Se Werkstoff mit mindestens zweischichtiger Hülle
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US11866300B2 (en) 2016-12-02 2024-01-09 Otis Elevator Company Overbraided non-metallic tension members
US11332343B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2022-05-17 Otis Elevator Company Tension member for elevator system belt
WO2018198240A1 (fr) * 2017-04-26 2018-11-01 三菱電機株式会社 Ascenseur, corps de suspension associé, et procédé de production de corps de suspension
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WO2012120144A3 (fr) 2012-11-01

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