WO2012113962A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'épuration d'eau - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'épuration d'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113962A1
WO2012113962A1 PCT/ES2012/070109 ES2012070109W WO2012113962A1 WO 2012113962 A1 WO2012113962 A1 WO 2012113962A1 ES 2012070109 W ES2012070109 W ES 2012070109W WO 2012113962 A1 WO2012113962 A1 WO 2012113962A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
container
water purification
purification device
bag
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2012/070109
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Adrian BADILLO SAMPEDRO
Ignacio LOPEZ FORNIES
Original Assignee
Universidad De Zaragoza
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Universidad De Zaragoza filed Critical Universidad De Zaragoza
Publication of WO2012113962A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012113962A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C02F1/002—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance using small portable filters for producing potable water, e.g. personal travel or emergency equipment, survival kits, combat gear
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F9/20—Portable or detachable small-scale multistage treatment devices, e.g. point of use or laboratory water purification systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2307/00—Location of water treatment or water treatment device
    • C02F2307/02—Location of water treatment or water treatment device as part of a bottle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K2207/00—Application of thermometers in household appliances
    • G01K2207/02—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature
    • G01K2207/06—Application of thermometers in household appliances for measuring food temperature for preparation purposes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the water treatment sector, and more specifically to water purification devices or devices for consumption, domestic use or any application.
  • the main object of the present invention is a water purification device that allows the filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from its solar exposure, without the use of any electrical energy, also standing out for its portable character and simple operation .
  • Groundwater is the largest reservoir of drinking water easily accessible to civilization, so pollution is a serious problem. There are no globally accepted standard values to define drinking water, since these vary in different countries in
  • Waterborne diseases can have different causes; In general terms, the main risk of disease is associated with the ingestion of surface or ground water contaminated with bacteria from human or animal fecal matter. Infectious diseases, mostly intestinal, range from mild gastroenteritis to severe (sometimes fatal) diarrhea, hepatitis and typhoid fever.
  • UV light which destroys and destroys bacteria, viruses, microorganisms and other pathogenic germs present in water
  • Said disinfection mechanism It is based on a physical phenomenon whereby the short waves of ultraviolet radiation are absorbed by the reproductive mechanism of bacteria and viruses by destroying them in a short time, without producing notable physical or chemical changes in the treated water.
  • thermochromic paints which change color with the temperature reversibly.
  • the color and transition temperature of said thermochromic paints can be custom designed according to the needs of each application.
  • the technical problem that arises here is the inability that currently exists to filter, purify and distill water using a single device, and that this is also portable and easy to use, for use both outdoors and indoors, without using No type of electrical or electronic component, and without the requirement of batteries or power batteries.
  • the aforementioned drawbacks are resolved by providing a water purification device and method that stands out primarily for allowing filtration, purification and distillation of water, only from solar energy, without the incorporation of any electrical component (batteries , batteries, sensors, etc.), which results in a lower manufacturing cost, also standing out for its portable and ergonomic character that allows to increase its range of applications and gives it the ability to be used in any place and / or situation, both indoors and outdoors .
  • the purification device described here does not require any prior training for its use, since its handling is simple, suitable for use by any person, not excluding children or the elderly.
  • the water purification device object of the invention comprises at least:
  • thermochromic paint preferably of cylindrical and vertical configuration, intended to house inside the water to be purified, and which has on its surface an area provided with thermochromic paint and another transparent area,
  • a central piece intended to be inserted inside the container, and comprising a vertical tube at the lower end of which has a horizontal coaxial body of greater diameter than the tube, and provided with filtration holes in its upper face, also presenting said coaxial body a perimeter recess in which an O-ring is located to generate the necessary pressure for filtering the water contained in the container, providing a total tightness to prevent leaks and water outflows,
  • a micropore bag preferably nylon, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body of the centerpiece, said bag containing a micropore filter material, such as granular activated carbon, ultrafine resin or the like, for filtration and purification of the older water, - a filter cover, arranged internally next to the bag, said lid being the first filter element intended to come into contact with the water to be treated, with a plurality of filter holes being provided on its surface, and
  • thermochromic paint of the container is adapted to visually indicate to the user the moment in which the water is already purified by a color change of said zone, after reaching the water at a certain temperature, preferably 60 Q C, during its solar exposition.
  • Ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by water acts directly on the DNA, nucleic acids and enzymes of living cells, changing their molecular structure and causing cell death.
  • the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area with thermochromic paint is responsible for heating the water.
  • the microorganisms are sensitive to heat, so that approximately 99.9% of the microorganisms in the water die when the water is at a temperature between 50-60 Q C for a period of one hour.
  • thermochromic paint to change color and turn white, due to a loss of color properties.
  • thermochromic paint is black, so that the absorbed radiation is greater and the water contained in the container raises its temperature more rapidly.
  • the purification device object of the invention is provided additionally comprising a filter stop, located between the micropore bag and the coaxial body, adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water only into the vertical tube of the centerpiece, filling only this enclosure and leaving the space created between the container and the vertical tube empty.
  • said filter stop has on its lower face some dimensionally adapted projections to fit in the filtration holes of the coaxial body of the central part, so that said filter stop is fixed and secured without the possibility of any movement.
  • the vertical tube has a groove in the vicinity of its upper end through which the water vapor can escape.
  • the aforementioned closing means are comprised of two pieces, a first closing piece formed by a main body provided with an internal thread to fit in the upper edge of the container, and a central projecting body With an external thread.
  • the second closure piece comprises a plug with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body mentioned above.
  • both the first and the second closure piece have external reliefs to facilitate the grip by the user.
  • the water purification device of the present invention additionally comprises an "antimicrobial" material that inhibits or eliminates the presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the water, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, germs, pathogenic parasites or Similar.
  • Said antimicrobial material is preferably incorporated in the container intended to contain the water, and / or in the bag containing the filtrate.
  • said antimicrobial material can be incorporated directly into the plastic itself, or be arranged in a polymeric coating located on the inner surface of the container, acting as an antimicrobial protective layer.
  • the antimicrobial material is incorporated in a polymeric coating intended to also be located on the inner surface of the container.
  • the antimicrobial material in the bag, the latter is preferably incorporated in the bag's own manufacturing material.
  • Said antimicrobial material is at least one selected from: colloidal silver, sand doped with silver, active carbon doped with silver, silver zeolite, silver and copper zeolite, zirconium phosphate and silver, silver nitrate and its aqueous solution, citrate of silver and its aqueous solution, and ion exchange resins doped with silver.
  • the purification device described herein comprises additional filters composed of specific membranes for each of the materials to be removed.
  • Said additional filters can be arranged as the first filtering phase, conveniently combining to treat different water qualities.
  • the water purification process by the device described above is described below. Said procedure comprises the steps:
  • thermochromic paint of the container changes color, which indicates that the water is already purified
  • the solar rays act in the disinfection of the water contained in the device by the synergistic effect of the ultraviolet (UV) radiation absorbed by the water through the transparent area of the container, and the infrared (IR) radiation absorbed by the area of the container With thermochromic paint. This last one allows to reach high temperatures inside the device to produce thermal effects that, added to the action of the UV rays, cause the cell death of the bacteria.
  • UV ultraviolet
  • IR infrared
  • the placement of the device for exposure to the sun is different; that is, if water purification is desired the device should be placed slightly inclined looking for the perpendicularity of the sun's rays for faster heating and water purification.
  • the device in the case of distillation, the device must be exposed to the sun in an upright position to avoid mixing filtered and distilled water.
  • the color change of the area with thermochromic paint does not indicate the conclusion of the distillation, so the user must look at the level of distilled water.
  • the purification device described herein can be used to perform several water filtrations, subsequently filling several containers of equal or greater transmittance, for example transparent PET bottles, and exposing them to the sun at the same time as the purification device
  • This way of proceeding allows us to obtain a greater quantity of drinking water, since having as reference the thermochromic paint of the device, the change of color of said paint indicates that all the exposed water, both of the bottles and of the device, is already purified.
  • Figure 1 Shows an exploded view of the water purification device object of the invention.
  • Figure 2. Shows a perspective view of the central body, where the upper grooves in the vertical tube are visible.
  • Figure 3. Shows a schematic view where water purification can be seen through the purification process.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view where water purification is observed by the distillation process.
  • Figure 5. Shows a sectional view of the purification device object of the invention where the water distillation process is more fully appreciated.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exploded view of the water purification device (1) object of the invention, which comprises a container (2) of cylindrical and vertical configuration made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), intended to house inside the dirty water (30) to be purified, presenting on its surface an area with thermochromic paint (20) of black color, and an area of transparent material.
  • the zone with thermochromic paint (20) is adapted to change color, to transparent, when the water reaches the temperature of 60 Q C due to its sun exposure.
  • the container (2) has at its lower end a storage area (3) where solid waste and / or filtered sediments are housed.
  • the purification device (1) also comprises a central part (4) also made of PET, intended to be inserted inside the container (2) to obtain filtered water (31) from the dirty water (30), such and how figures 3 and 4 represent.
  • Said centerpiece (4) comprises a vertical tube (5) that has grooves (21) shown in Figures 1, 2 and 5 in the vicinity of its upper end, through which water vapor exit is possible filtered (31) for the distillation process, figure 4, as well as the exit to the outside of the existing drinking water between the inner walls of the container (2) and the outer walls of the vertical tube (5), as shown in figure 3.
  • said central part (4) comprises at its lower end a horizontal coaxial body (6) of greater diameter than the tube (5), provided with some holes (7) in its face upper, said coaxial body (6) also presenting a perimeter recess (8), shown in Figure 1, in which a joint is intended to be located O-ring (9) made of silicone rubber that generates the necessary pressure to filter the water contained in the container (2), providing a total tightness to avoid leaks and water leaks.
  • a nylon bag (10) with micropores can also be observed, dimensionally adapted to fit inside the coaxial body (6) of the central piece (4), said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it.
  • said bag (10) containing granular activated carbon, by which is obtained a greater filtration and purification of dirty water (30), eliminating any type of smell and color of it.
  • a cover (1 1) of PVC (polyvinyl chloride) with a plurality of filtering holes (12) can be seen, said lid being
  • Figures 1, 3, 4 and 5 show a means of closing (13) of PVC, which are dimensionally adapted to fit both the upper end of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5) of the center piece (4), providing a secure and tight seal of the entire device (1).
  • (13) comprise a first closure piece formed by a main body
  • the second closure piece comprises a plug (1 6) with an internal thread adapted to fit in solidarity with the thread of the protruding body (15) mentioned above.
  • both the main body (14) and the plug (16) have reliefs (17) to facilitate the grip of the device (1) to the user.
  • Said elements, main body (14) and plug (1 6) are manufactured in a white material to reflect the light and thus avoid high heating during its sun exposure, in relation to the other components of the device (1). This allows the user to take the device (1) after being subjected to solar radiation, to take it to a shaded place until it cools.
  • a PVC filter stop (18) can be seen, intended to be incorporated into the device (1) in those cases in which it is desired to obtain distilled water (32).
  • Said filter stop (18) is located inferiorly next to the coaxial body (6), adapted to act as a barrier and direct the filtered water (31) only through the vertical tube (5) of the central part (4), as shown in figure 4.
  • said filter stop (18) has on its lower face projections (19) shown in Figure 1, dimensionally adapted to be introduced into the filter holes (7) of the coaxial body (6), so that said stop of filter (18) is firmly attached.
  • both the cover (1 1) and the filter stop (18) are white for rapid identification of dirt, solid materials or clogs that may become stagnant.
  • Figure 5 shows the obtaining of distilled water (32) from the evaporation of the filtered water (31) located inside the vertical tube (5).
  • This filtered water (31) evaporates and exits through the upper slots (21) existing in the tube (5), condensing and depositing between the walls of the container (2) and the vertical tube (5).

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé d'épuration d'eau permettant de filtrer, rendre potable et distiller de l'eau au moyen d'un dispositif unique (1), qui ne fait intervenir que de l'énergie solaire (rayons UV et rayons IR), ledit dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'il est portable et ergonomique, et pouvant ainsi être utilisé en tout lieu et/ou toute situation. Ledit dispositif (1) comprend principalement un sac (10) pourvu de micropores qui contient un matériau de filtrage, de type charbon actif, résine ultrafine ou similaire, pour le filtrage de l'eau sale (30), qui élimine tout micro-organisme, odeur et couleur de ladite eau sale (30) afin d'obtenir de l'eau filtrée (31), ainsi qu'un récipient (2) qui présente dans sa surface une zone pourvue de peinture thermochromique (20) conçue pour indiquer à l'utilisateur le moment auquel l'eau contenue est purifiée, par l'intermédiaire d'un changement de couleur de ladite peinture thermochromique (20) une fois que l'eau a atteint une température déterminée pendant son exposition au soleil.
PCT/ES2012/070109 2011-02-23 2012-02-23 Dispositif et procédé d'épuration d'eau WO2012113962A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ESP201130239 2011-02-23
ES201130239A ES2387281B1 (es) 2011-02-23 2011-02-23 Dispositivo y procedimiento de purificación de agua.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012113962A1 true WO2012113962A1 (fr) 2012-08-30

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2012/070109 WO2012113962A1 (fr) 2011-02-23 2012-02-23 Dispositif et procédé d'épuration d'eau

Country Status (2)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2387281B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012113962A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2544177B1 (es) 2014-01-24 2016-06-01 Indicum Life, S.L. Planta y método de purificación de fluidos por destilación
CN107084536B (zh) * 2017-05-23 2022-11-11 中国联合工程有限公司 一种吸热管管径渐变的高效塔式太阳能电站集热器系统
CN107285409A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-10-24 无锡市凡宇水处理机械制造有限公司 具备漏水应急遮挡功能的净水过滤管

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0316687A1 (fr) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-24 Knight, John B., Jr. Dispositif pour le traitement de l'eau
US5266215A (en) * 1993-04-27 1993-11-30 Rolf Engelhard Water purification unit
US5597482A (en) * 1995-04-25 1997-01-28 Melyon; Solly Water purification apparatus
US5637214A (en) * 1995-11-09 1997-06-10 Kahana; Dov Filter assembly for water treatment apparatus
US6342127B1 (en) * 1996-12-10 2002-01-29 William Possidento Distillation device
US20060021926A1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2006-02-02 Alticor Inc. Point-of-use water treatment system
WO2007021294A1 (fr) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-22 Vitale Rodney P Appareil et procede d'utilisation d'indicateurs thermochromiques et photochromiques

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0316687A1 (fr) * 1987-11-06 1989-05-24 Knight, John B., Jr. Dispositif pour le traitement de l'eau
US5266215A (en) * 1993-04-27 1993-11-30 Rolf Engelhard Water purification unit
US5597482A (en) * 1995-04-25 1997-01-28 Melyon; Solly Water purification apparatus
US5637214A (en) * 1995-11-09 1997-06-10 Kahana; Dov Filter assembly for water treatment apparatus
US6342127B1 (en) * 1996-12-10 2002-01-29 William Possidento Distillation device
US20060021926A1 (en) * 1998-07-31 2006-02-02 Alticor Inc. Point-of-use water treatment system
WO2007021294A1 (fr) * 2005-08-12 2007-02-22 Vitale Rodney P Appareil et procede d'utilisation d'indicateurs thermochromiques et photochromiques

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2387281A1 (es) 2012-09-19
ES2387281B1 (es) 2013-08-02

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