WO2012107044A1 - Compact display for creating a perceived object - Google Patents

Compact display for creating a perceived object Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012107044A1
WO2012107044A1 PCT/DK2011/050471 DK2011050471W WO2012107044A1 WO 2012107044 A1 WO2012107044 A1 WO 2012107044A1 DK 2011050471 W DK2011050471 W DK 2011050471W WO 2012107044 A1 WO2012107044 A1 WO 2012107044A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
transparent
oled display
mirror
transparent mirror
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2011/050471
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Simonsen
Original Assignee
Realfiction Aps
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Realfiction Aps filed Critical Realfiction Aps
Publication of WO2012107044A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012107044A1/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30Image reproducers
    • H04N13/388Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume
    • H04N13/395Volumetric displays, i.e. systems where the image is built up from picture elements distributed through a volume with depth sampling, i.e. the volume being constructed from a stack or sequence of 2D image planes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F13/00Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
    • G09F13/20Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts
    • G09F13/22Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising with luminescent surfaces or parts electroluminescent
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/50Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels
    • G02B30/56Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images the image being built up from image elements distributed over a 3D volume, e.g. voxels by projecting aerial or floating images
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09BEDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B9/00Simulators for teaching or training purposes
    • GPHYSICS
    • G09EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09FDISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F19/00Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for
    • G09F19/12Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects
    • G09F19/16Advertising or display means not otherwise provided for using special optical effects involving the use of mirrors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compact display for creating a perceived object, a method of using the display and the use of the display as a promotional or advertising tool.
  • Pepper's ghost technique One of the best-known techniques for creating mid air quasi-perceived objects is the Pepper's ghost technique. Said technique is simple to use, and when used by a person with insight into geometry and optics, the technique can create impressive three-dimensional illusions of objects seeming to appear in free air like a ghost. Recently this technique has been used to create an illusion of 3D objects in small-scale displays as described in EP 1846798 allowing the viewer to perceive a perceived object from several angles .
  • the display should be compact, i.e. take up as little space as possible in the display area and preferably be "invisible" for the user. Furthermore, it is preferred that the display can be quickly assembled and positioned at appropriate, high-traffic locations e.g. within a store and thereafter be easily removed and stored efficiently. However, it has presently not been possible to manufacture such displays.
  • the display comprises at least one transparent one way viewing OLED display arranged for projecting at least one image onto at least one transparent mirror thereby creating a perceived object in a space behind the at least one transparent mirror.
  • the opposing surfaces of the at least one transparent OLED display and the at least one transparent mirror are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
  • the term "perceived object” means that the viewer will perceive/see the appearance of either a two- or three-dimensional, translucent ghost behind the transparent mirror. However, even when the viewer is perceiving a three-dimensional object, it must be understood that this is not an actual 3D image, only that the viewer will perceive the illusion as a having three dimensions. In this way the display according to the invention creates an image or illusion corresponding to e.g. the three-dimensional, translucent ghosts created using the conventional Peppers ghost technique.
  • the kind of "perceived object” will depend on the image projected from the OLED display, and depending on said image, the viewer will either observe a perceived object, i.e. a two or three-dimensional illusion. Furthermore, if said image is a stereoscopic image, i.e. if the image projected onto the transparent mirror is two offset images, special eyeglasses can further add to the illusion of three-dimensional depth.
  • one way viewing OLED display means an OLED display wherein the image that is to be projected onto the transparent mirror, can only be seen from one side of the transparent OLED display, i.e. the viewer standing in front of the display cannot see the image on the side of the OLED display facing the viewer.
  • an OLED display for projecting the image of interest. This is basically due to the fact that unlike e.g. a liquid crystal display (LCD), the OLED display has self- luminous characteristics and does not require a separate light source.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the OLED display can have reduced thickness and weight when compared to the LCD. Further, the OLED display has high quality characteristics such as low power consumption, high luminance, and a low response time, and thus has been in the spotlight as a next generation display device of portable electronic devices. Furthermore, OLEDs can enable a greater artificial contrast ratio (both dynamic range and static, measured in purely dark conditions) and larger viewing angles compared to LCDs because OLED pixels directly emit light. OLED pixel colors appear correct and unshifted, even as the viewing angle approaches 90° from normal.
  • the transparent OLED display can be either active- or passive-matrix.
  • AMOLED displays provide higher refresh rates than their passive-matrix OLED counterparts improving response time often to under a millisecond, and since they consume significantly less power these advantages makes active-matrix OLEDs very suited for portable electronics, where power consumption is critical to battery life.
  • the transparent OLED display is arranged for projecting at least one image onto the transparent mirror. Since said image cannot be seen from the viewers side of the display, the viewer will only observe e.g. a 3D representation of said image, i.e. the perceived object freely floating in midair. Thus, a viewer standing in front of the display according to the invention, on the side of the OLED display, which is not projecting the image, will only see the perceived object magically appearing behind the OLED display and the transparent mirror.
  • the opposing surfaces of the at least one transparent OLED display and the at least one transparent mirror are arranged substantially parallel to each other, i.e. at a substantially constant distance from each other. This means, within the context of the present invention, that the distance between any of two opposing points on the opposing surfaces of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror has the same or substantially the same distance. This will ensure an optimal quality of the perceived object. If for instance the OLED display has larger dimensions of the relevant surface compared to the transparent mirror, this will obviously mean that some point on the surface of the OLED display have not opposing points on the opposing surface of the transparent mirror. In such cases, i.e.
  • the mirror and OLED display is arranged parallel to each other taken into account any normal tolerances in this respect.
  • a compact display according to the invention broadens the possibilities of use, both as the display can be used under a wider spectrum of conditions and due to the fact that it is possible to display more challenging illusions, which in a 3D display of the types known in the art will be in risk of not convincingly seem to be three dimensional but instead appearing flat.
  • the display according to the present invention can be used in many contexts, from an easy to access shop display to advanced learning tools and mobile phones.
  • the display according to the inventions offers the possibility of presenting information to a viewer in a multitude of ways.
  • the perceived object can be a perceived object which can be used to constantly or in steps, change pattern, color, size or design etc. of the car allowing the viewer to e.g. see his/hers own customized car before ordering it at the factory.
  • One of the elements in this respect is the actual image creation for being displayed by the OLED display.
  • This technology is well known in the art and can be performed in many different conventional ways, one of which is filming real objects (people, products, etc) in HD on green screen, in order to create a video or by creating computer-animated objects.
  • Animated films such as phones, cars, etc. are then created as 2D videos.
  • the pattern of e.g. a car be changed by showing a video of the car changing patterns.
  • the result is very real looking and spectacular perceived object, adding the possibility of further creating the illusion that one object seem to "morph" into another.
  • the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror can be displaced with respect to each other, in such a way that the OLED display and the transparent mirror still remain substantially parallel, it is possible for the viewer to obtain a feeling of interactivity.
  • the image to be display by the OLED display is a number of photos stored in a frame stack
  • the viewer is able to scroll back and forward in a series of photos by moving either the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror back and forth.
  • the image may be high-resolution photos and the frame stack contains for example 600 pictures of an object to be presented as the perceived object /illusion according to the present invention.
  • Each picture is assigned to specific position of the mirror, and an appropriate sensor can be incorporated in the display according to the invention in order to establish the OLED displays or mirrors exact position.
  • the viewer can experience a unique photo realistic visual presentation of e.g. a 360° view of an object or see an ultra slow motion movie of a golf swing or other complex motion, and stop to see each unique image if desired. If e.g. the mirror is moved at a higher speed the experienced movie is no longer ultra slow motion. Furthermore the viewer can also, if the frame stack is arranged accordingly, experience different layers of an object, e.g. a car, such that the image shown in a first position of the mirror is a normal car seen from the outside and the image shown in a second position is the engine and other mechanics of the car. Positions in-between the first and second position can show intermediate layers of said car.
  • a unique photo realistic visual presentation e.g. a 360° view of an object or see an ultra slow motion movie of a golf swing or other complex motion, and stop to see each unique image if desired. If e.g. the mirror is moved at a higher speed the experienced movie is no longer ultra slow motion.
  • the viewer can also, if
  • the viewer who is moving the mirror and/or OLED display it does not necessary have to be the viewer who is moving the mirror and/or OLED display, as this can be performed by a small motor or other means for moving the relevant element, however, when it is the viewer who is moving e.g. the mirror he/she will experience a specific kind of interaction as the viewer is capable of selectively viewing any desired image in the frame stack .
  • the means for moving the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror are known for a person skilled in the art and will depend on the size and location of the display according to the invention. It is however relevant that the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror remain mutually and substantially parallel during said displacement.
  • the mirror can be displaced along a number of gliding channels and the viewer can manually push/pull the mirror slightly back and forth by using a stick or similar means connected to the mirror.
  • said means can also comprise a motor and a jog wheel.
  • the perceived object can be combined/mixed with an actual object.
  • a mannequin can be placed behind the transparent mirror and the perceived object can be used to change the clothes of the mannequin, the perceived pattern, color or size of the clothes allowes the viewer to e.g. see his/hers clothes before ordering/trying them at a store.
  • the true potential of the display according to the invention depends on what resources are embedded in or attached to the images in the OLED display and whether these are the types of resources needed to meet e.g. the viewers goals or needs.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • OLED stands for “Organic Light Emitting Diode”
  • a glass top plate glass top plate
  • a glass bottom plate substrate
  • the display according to the invention in the most simple embodiment comprises only an OLED display and a transparent mirror, both of which can be very thin and light it is possible to place the display according to the invention anywhere in e.g. a store to advertise new products, an entire brand or even a high-tech information video.
  • OLED displays are more than just light sources they are design elements. Even when they are switched off they look very different from conventional light sources. They are very thin, very flat, lightweight, and transparent and will therefore provide the area in which the display is located, with a very attractive and esthetic appearance.
  • the display can in a preferred embodiment comprises a frame arranged for partly or completely preventing images not originating from the transparent OLED display from being reflected in the transparent mirror.
  • Said frame can preferably extend between at least one of the edges of the transparent OLED display and at least one of the edges of the transparent mirror such that the space between the 01ED display and the mirror is either partly or completely shielded from outside influence. In this way the frame ensures that no other images is reflected in the transparent mirror, than the image from the transparent OLED display, providing an especially perfect and clear perceived object.
  • Said frame can either completely or partly surround the space between the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror.
  • the frame can be present only at the vertical sides of the display, whereas the horizontal sides are left fee or vice versa.
  • a frame can cover only one horizontal side and one vertical side.
  • Said frame can be made of any kind of material, and can in some embodiments also be able to be expanded or contracted if either the OLED display and/or the mirror are displaced.
  • the frame can be made of an material which is suitable in this respect..
  • the OLED display is substituted with at least one substantially transparent LCD, wherein said LCD comprises at least one transparent light source arranged for providing the necessary light for establishing the perceived object, as the liquid crystals in the LCD do not emit light.
  • the transparent light source is at least one transparent white OLED placed behind the liquid crystals in the LCD.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • LCDs are well known in the art.
  • LCDs presently are widely used as e.g. flat panel displays, electronic visual displays, and video displays art
  • LCD can equally well be used as the means for projecting the two-dimensional image onto the transparent mirror in the 3D display according to the present invention.
  • OLED displays have a number of advantages over the LCDs, e.g. will use of an OLED display in the display according to the invention provide a simpler construction, and OLED is therefore the preferred means for projecting an image on the transparent mirror.
  • the OLED display within the scope of the present invention could be substituted with a transparent LCD comprising at least one transparent light source in any embodiment disclosed in the present application.
  • the components are at least partly transparent.
  • said display only or at least mainly, comprises transparent components (substrate, cathode and anode) and, when turned off, that said displays e.g. can be up to or more than 85 percent as transparent as their substrate.
  • the reflecting side of the transparent mirror must face the OLED display or the LCD. It also enhances the illusion if the reflection is higher than the transmission through the transparent mirror, as the reflected image in this case is clear and the perceived object thus appears more vivid that if the reflection is sparse.
  • transparent mirror within the present invention is meant to encompass any kind of reflective and semi-transparent screen capable of creating an illusion of a two- or three- dimensional object in combination with the transparent OLED display.
  • the term also comprises reflective and transparent membranes and foils made of e.g. a polymeric composite or glass.
  • the reflection layer of the "transparent mirror” is the outer layer facing the image source, as it is then possible using the display according to the invention to create images of a much more realistic look than anything previously achieved using a conventional Pepper's ghost set up.
  • the transparent mirror can comprise a thin protective layer covering the reflection layer, as this will provide a larger resistance to the mirror.
  • Said protective layer is preferably less than 50 ⁇ , more preferably less than 200 ⁇ , and even more preferably less than 400 nm.
  • the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror can in one embodiment have identical height and length dimensions, as this provides a harmonic appearance of the 3D display.
  • the mirror can e.g.
  • the OLED display be smaller than the OLED display or vice versa, as long as the projected image from the OLED display is sufficiently reflected in the transparent mirror in order to create the desired perceived object. Placing the OLED display correctly with respect to the transparent mirror ensures that the perceived object maintains its creditability .
  • OLED displays can be flexible and OLED displays having different curvatures are also envisioned within the scope of the present invention.
  • the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are arranged substantially parallel to each other, i.e. that there is a constant distance throughout the extent of the OLED display and the transparent mirror.
  • the dimensions of the display according to the invention will depend on the intended use, and will obviously vary depending on the image to be displayed. If for instance it is a new sports car on virtual display in a 3D display in a car dealer a large display according to the invention is desired whereas a smaller display is required in order to display an advanced structure of proteins in a museum or in a laboratory.
  • the actual distance between the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror depends on the exact dimensions of the respective components. This is due to the fact that the perceived object will seem to appear behind the transparent mirror in a distance from the transparent mirror equaling the distance between the transparent mirror and the transparent OLED display.
  • the distance between the transparent mirror and the transparent OLED display could e.g. be 10 m, providing a perceived object about 20 m behind the OLED display.
  • the OLED display and the mirror each have dimensions of 40 cm x 40 cm the distance would preferably be between 8 and 40 cm, preferably between 10 and 15 cm.
  • the OLED display and the mirror each have a length of 21 ⁇ 2 m and a height of 4 m, the distance can also be 15 cm.
  • a display comprising more than one transparent OLED display and more than one transparent mirror.
  • two transparent OLED displays can project images to two different mirrors arranged one above the other, or slightly displaced in the vertical direction in order to created especially advanced illusions.
  • two or more displays and mirrors can be arranged side by side. The person skilled in the art will understand that a number of different combinations are possible without diverting from the scope of protection.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a perspective view, a first embodiment of the display according to the invention, with one transparent mirror and one transparent OLED display,
  • Fig. 2 shows, in a perspective view, a second embodiment of the display in fig. 1, wherein said display comprises a frame
  • Fig. 3 shows, in a perspective view, a third embodiment of the display according to the invention, wherein the one transparent mirror and one transparent OLED display is curved
  • Fig. 4 shows, in a perspective view, a forth embodiment of the display according to the invention, wherein the transparent OLED display is replaced with a transparent LCD and a light source .
  • Fig. 1 shows a display 1 according to the present invention comprising a transparent OLED display 2 facing a transparent mirror 3.
  • a transparent OLED display 2 facing a transparent mirror 3.
  • both the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are contemplated to be hanging from the ceiling in a store (not shown), however the OLED display can have any suitable dimensions and be used in a variety of different locations, including screens for mobile phones .
  • Electric current (not shown) is applied to the transparent OLED display ensuring that a bright, electro-luminescent light is produced directly from the organic material in the OLED display .
  • the transparent OLED display 2 is arranged for transmitting at least one two-dimensional image 4. As the transparent mirror 3 is facing the display 2, the display will accordingly project said two-dimensional image 4 onto the transparent mirror 3 creating a reflected image 5.
  • the display 2 is a one way viewing OLED display, the image 4 cannot be seen from the side of the OLED display 2 facing the viewer 6 and the viewer will only observe a realization of said image, i.e. the perceived object 7, freely floating in midair behind the transparent mirror 3.
  • the surface 8 of the at least one transparent OLED display 2 facing the surface 9 at least one transparent mirror 3, are arranged at a substantially constant distance X from each other. This means, within the context of the present invention, that the distance between any of two opposing points on the opposing surfaces of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror has the same or substantially the same distance X, or said with other words, that the transparent OLED display 2 and the transparent mirror 3 are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
  • the transparent mirror 3 can optionally be horizontal displaced back and forth with respect to the transparent OLED display 2, in such a way that the OLED display and the transparent mirror still remain substantially parallel. Said displacement is illustrated in fig. 1 by arrows A and B.
  • the image to be display by the OLED display is a number of photos stored in a frame stack, the viewer is able to scroll back and forward in a series of photos by moving the transparent mirror back and forth.
  • Each photo is assigned to a specific position of the mirror, and an appropriate sensor can be incorporated in the display according to the invention in order to establish the exact position of the transparent mirror 3.
  • the viewer can experience a unique photo realistic visual presentation of e.g. a 360° view of an object or see an ultra slow motion movie of a golf swing or other complex motion, and stop to see each unique image if desired.
  • the transparent OLED display 2 and the transparent mirror 3 have substantially uniform dimensions, however different sizes of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are also contemplated within the context of the present invention. In these embodiments only the overlapping area between the display 2 and the mirror 3 needs to be parallel.
  • Fig. 2 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 having a frame 10 extending between the edges 11 of the transparent OLED display 2 and the edges 12 of the transparent mirror 3 for partly or completely preventing images not originating from the transparent OLED display from being reflected in the transparent mirror. In this way the perceived object will appear especially clear and sharp for the viewer.
  • the skilled person will in view of the present application understand that the frame shown in fig. 2 can be used in any embodiment according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment 1' according to the present invention.
  • the third embodiment is basically identical to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and for like parts identical reference numbers are used.
  • the only modification of the display in the embodiment in fig. 3 is that the transparent OLED display 2' and the transparent mirror 3' are curved in the horizontal direction, in such a way that the transparent OLED display 2' and the transparent mirror 3' remain parallel to each other.
  • Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment 1'' according to the present invention.
  • the OLED display 2 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is substituted with at least one substantially transparent LCD 13, wherein said LCD comprises at least one light source 14 arranged for providing the necessary light for establishing the perceived object.
  • the light source 14 is at least one transparent white OLED placed behind the liquid crystals in the LCD 13.
  • the surface 15 of the transparent LCD 13 faces the surface 9 of the at least one transparent mirror 3, said two opposing surfaces 15, 9 are arranged at a substantially constant distance X from each other.
  • the transparent LCD 13, light source 14 and the transparent mirror 3 remains parallel to each other.
  • the present invention provides a simple but yet effect- full display, which can be assembled and dismantled without prior training even by persons without any technical skills.
  • the invention provides a low cost, compact and customizable display.

Abstract

Compact display for creating a perceived object The present invention relates to a display (1,1',1'') for creating a perceived object, a method of using the display (1,1',1'') and the use of the display (1,1',1'') as a promotional or advertising tool. Said display (1,1',1'') comprises at least one transparent one way viewing OLED display (2,2') arranged for projecting at least one image (4) onto at least one transparent mirror (3,3') thereby creating a perceived object (7) in a space behind the at least one transparent mirror (3,3'). The opposing surfaces (8,9) of the at least one transparent OLED display (2,2') and the at least one transparent mirror (3,3'), are arranged substantially parallel to each other. In this way the present invention provides a simple but yet effect-full display, which can be assembled and dismantled without prior training even by persons without any technical skills and were a viewer standing in front of the display (1,1',1'') will see the perceived object (7) magically appearing behind the OLED display (2,2') and the transparent mirror (3,3').

Description

Compact display for creating a perceived object
The present invention relates to a compact display for creating a perceived object, a method of using the display and the use of the display as a promotional or advertising tool.
Commercials and shop displays are becoming increasingly more advanced and there is a continuous competition to achieve the attention of customers. Also museums are experiencing rising demands to offer alternative exhibitions and new ways for the visitors to obtain advanced information intuitively and visually .
In this respect perceived objects have become increasingly more interesting for shop owners and museums. One of the best-known techniques for creating mid air quasi-perceived objects is the Pepper's ghost technique. Said technique is simple to use, and when used by a person with insight into geometry and optics, the technique can create impressive three-dimensional illusions of objects seeming to appear in free air like a ghost. Recently this technique has been used to create an illusion of 3D objects in small-scale displays as described in EP 1846798 allowing the viewer to perceive a perceived object from several angles .
However, these displays take up a relatively large space in the exhibition and/or show area, and it can be difficult for a viewer to see the perceived object, as said illusion often is partly hidden by the physical parts of the display.
It is evident that the quality of the perceived illusion in the display are significant for the users experience of the product, the conventional peppers ghost displays used in retail and other sales establishments are pre-constructed, in order to ensure that the mutual components of the display are correctly and accurately mounted. Thus, these pre-constructed display systems often have the disadvantage that they require a large, voluminous, heavy and thus expensive construction.
Accordingly, there is a demand for displays, which can provide a high quality, two and three-dimensional illusion, and which simultaneously easily can be customized and altered in relation to a new product .
For reasons of cost as well as user convenience, the display should be compact, i.e. take up as little space as possible in the display area and preferably be "invisible" for the user. Furthermore, it is preferred that the display can be quickly assembled and positioned at appropriate, high-traffic locations e.g. within a store and thereafter be easily removed and stored efficiently. However, it has presently not been possible to manufacture such displays.
Thus, it is a first aspect according to the present invention to provide a simple but yet effect-full display with a convincing realization/illusion, which has a compact and simple design .
It is a second aspect of the present invention to provide a display having components of simple character, which can be easily and economically mass-produced and readily set up by anyone without requiring skill or training or expensive equipment .
It is a third aspect of the present invention to provide a display, which is easy and simple to operate.
It is a forth aspect of the present invention to provide a display using a low cost, reusable, and customizable display systems for retail or other sales outlets to display items, products and goods or as a user interface in a consumer product . It is a fifth aspect of the present invention to provide a display having a larger viewing angle than hitherto known. These and further aspects are achieved according to the present invention as the display comprises at least one transparent one way viewing OLED display arranged for projecting at least one image onto at least one transparent mirror thereby creating a perceived object in a space behind the at least one transparent mirror. The opposing surfaces of the at least one transparent OLED display and the at least one transparent mirror, are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
In the context of the present invention the term "perceived object" means that the viewer will perceive/see the appearance of either a two- or three-dimensional, translucent ghost behind the transparent mirror. However, even when the viewer is perceiving a three-dimensional object, it must be understood that this is not an actual 3D image, only that the viewer will perceive the illusion as a having three dimensions. In this way the display according to the invention creates an image or illusion corresponding to e.g. the three-dimensional, translucent ghosts created using the conventional Peppers ghost technique. The kind of "perceived object" will depend on the image projected from the OLED display, and depending on said image, the viewer will either observe a perceived object, i.e. a two or three-dimensional illusion. Furthermore, if said image is a stereoscopic image, i.e. if the image projected onto the transparent mirror is two offset images, special eyeglasses can further add to the illusion of three-dimensional depth.
Within the content of the present invention the term "one way viewing OLED display" means an OLED display wherein the image that is to be projected onto the transparent mirror, can only be seen from one side of the transparent OLED display, i.e. the viewer standing in front of the display cannot see the image on the side of the OLED display facing the viewer. This is accomplished within the art by placing a blocking material on one side of the pixels of the OLED display. In order to provide a very slim and compact structure it is desirable to use an OLED display for projecting the image of interest. This is basically due to the fact that unlike e.g. a liquid crystal display (LCD), the OLED display has self- luminous characteristics and does not require a separate light source. Thus, the OLED display can have reduced thickness and weight when compared to the LCD. Further, the OLED display has high quality characteristics such as low power consumption, high luminance, and a low response time, and thus has been in the spotlight as a next generation display device of portable electronic devices. Furthermore, OLEDs can enable a greater artificial contrast ratio (both dynamic range and static, measured in purely dark conditions) and larger viewing angles compared to LCDs because OLED pixels directly emit light. OLED pixel colors appear correct and unshifted, even as the viewing angle approaches 90° from normal.
According to the invention the transparent OLED display can be either active- or passive-matrix. However since AMOLED displays provide higher refresh rates than their passive-matrix OLED counterparts improving response time often to under a millisecond, and since they consume significantly less power these advantages makes active-matrix OLEDs very suited for portable electronics, where power consumption is critical to battery life.
The transparent OLED display is arranged for projecting at least one image onto the transparent mirror. Since said image cannot be seen from the viewers side of the display, the viewer will only observe e.g. a 3D representation of said image, i.e. the perceived object freely floating in midair. Thus, a viewer standing in front of the display according to the invention, on the side of the OLED display, which is not projecting the image, will only see the perceived object magically appearing behind the OLED display and the transparent mirror.
The opposing surfaces of the at least one transparent OLED display and the at least one transparent mirror, are arranged substantially parallel to each other, i.e. at a substantially constant distance from each other. This means, within the context of the present invention, that the distance between any of two opposing points on the opposing surfaces of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror has the same or substantially the same distance. This will ensure an optimal quality of the perceived object. If for instance the OLED display has larger dimensions of the relevant surface compared to the transparent mirror, this will obviously mean that some point on the surface of the OLED display have not opposing points on the opposing surface of the transparent mirror. In such cases, i.e. when one of the surfaces has a larger surface than the other, only the points on the surface which has opposing points is relevant in the context of the present invention. It must however be understood that the minor diversions from a completely parallel arrangement is also contemplated within the scope of the present invention, and if e.g. the mirror has a 5 - 10 degrees diversion from the parallel arrangement with the transparent OLED display, an acceptable perceived object will appear behind the mirror. However it is preferred that the mirror and OLED display is arranged parallel to each other taken into account any normal tolerances in this respect.
A compact display according to the invention broadens the possibilities of use, both as the display can be used under a wider spectrum of conditions and due to the fact that it is possible to display more challenging illusions, which in a 3D display of the types known in the art will be in risk of not convincingly seem to be three dimensional but instead appearing flat. As it will be described later the display according to the present invention can be used in many contexts, from an easy to access shop display to advanced learning tools and mobile phones.
The display according to the inventions offers the possibility of presenting information to a viewer in a multitude of ways. For example if the image is a car, the perceived object can be a perceived object which can be used to constantly or in steps, change pattern, color, size or design etc. of the car allowing the viewer to e.g. see his/hers own customized car before ordering it at the factory.
One of the elements in this respect is the actual image creation for being displayed by the OLED display. This technology is well known in the art and can be performed in many different conventional ways, one of which is filming real objects (people, products, etc) in HD on green screen, in order to create a video or by creating computer-animated objects. Animated films such as phones, cars, etc. are then created as 2D videos. As an example can be mentioned, that the pattern of e.g. a car be changed by showing a video of the car changing patterns. The result is very real looking and breathtaking perceived object, adding the possibility of further creating the illusion that one object seem to "morph" into another. When the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror can be displaced with respect to each other, in such a way that the OLED display and the transparent mirror still remain substantially parallel, it is possible for the viewer to obtain a feeling of interactivity. If for example the image to be display by the OLED display is a number of photos stored in a frame stack, the viewer is able to scroll back and forward in a series of photos by moving either the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror back and forth. For example the image may be high-resolution photos and the frame stack contains for example 600 pictures of an object to be presented as the perceived object /illusion according to the present invention. Each picture is assigned to specific position of the mirror, and an appropriate sensor can be incorporated in the display according to the invention in order to establish the OLED displays or mirrors exact position.
By actively moving the mirror and/or OLED display the viewer can experience a unique photo realistic visual presentation of e.g. a 360° view of an object or see an ultra slow motion movie of a golf swing or other complex motion, and stop to see each unique image if desired. If e.g. the mirror is moved at a higher speed the experienced movie is no longer ultra slow motion. Furthermore the viewer can also, if the frame stack is arranged accordingly, experience different layers of an object, e.g. a car, such that the image shown in a first position of the mirror is a normal car seen from the outside and the image shown in a second position is the engine and other mechanics of the car. Positions in-between the first and second position can show intermediate layers of said car.
It does not necessary have to be the viewer who is moving the mirror and/or OLED display, as this can be performed by a small motor or other means for moving the relevant element, however, when it is the viewer who is moving e.g. the mirror he/she will experience a specific kind of interaction as the viewer is capable of selectively viewing any desired image in the frame stack . The means for moving the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror are known for a person skilled in the art and will depend on the size and location of the display according to the invention. It is however relevant that the transparent OLED display and/or the transparent mirror remain mutually and substantially parallel during said displacement. As one example can be mentioned that the mirror can be displaced along a number of gliding channels and the viewer can manually push/pull the mirror slightly back and forth by using a stick or similar means connected to the mirror. However, said means can also comprise a motor and a jog wheel.
In a further embodiment according to the invention the perceived object can be combined/mixed with an actual object. This offers further possibilities, which can be used in a multitude of ways. For example a mannequin can be placed behind the transparent mirror and the perceived object can be used to change the clothes of the mannequin, the perceived pattern, color or size of the clothes allowes the viewer to e.g. see his/hers clothes before ordering/trying them at a store. Whether the true potential of the display according to the invention is realized, of course, depends on what resources are embedded in or attached to the images in the OLED display and whether these are the types of resources needed to meet e.g. the viewers goals or needs.
As is known in the art "OLED" stands for "Organic Light Emitting Diode", and comprises basically of a layer of organic material sandwiched between two conductors (an anode and a cathode), which in turn are sandwiched between a glass top plate (seal) and a glass bottom plate (substrate) . When electric current is applied to the two conductors, a bright, electro-luminescent light is produced directly from the organic material. The advantages of using OLED displays are well known in the art and will not be discussed here. However, it must be stressed that since the display according to the invention in the most simple embodiment comprises only an OLED display and a transparent mirror, both of which can be very thin and light it is possible to place the display according to the invention anywhere in e.g. a store to advertise new products, an entire brand or even a high-tech information video.
OLED displays are more than just light sources they are design elements. Even when they are switched off they look very different from conventional light sources. They are very thin, very flat, lightweight, and transparent and will therefore provide the area in which the display is located, with a very attractive and esthetic appearance.
In order to ensure that the perceived object created by means of the display according to the invention appear as clear and sharp as possible, the display can in a preferred embodiment comprises a frame arranged for partly or completely preventing images not originating from the transparent OLED display from being reflected in the transparent mirror. Said frame can preferably extend between at least one of the edges of the transparent OLED display and at least one of the edges of the transparent mirror such that the space between the 01ED display and the mirror is either partly or completely shielded from outside influence. In this way the frame ensures that no other images is reflected in the transparent mirror, than the image from the transparent OLED display, providing an especially perfect and clear perceived object. Said frame can either completely or partly surround the space between the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror. As an example, the frame can be present only at the vertical sides of the display, whereas the horizontal sides are left fee or vice versa. Alternatively, a frame can cover only one horizontal side and one vertical side. The exact design of the frame will depend among others of the location of the display and obviously of the image to be shown as the perceived object. Said frame can be made of any kind of material, and can in some embodiments also be able to be expanded or contracted if either the OLED display and/or the mirror are displaced. In these embodiment the frame can be made of an material which is suitable in this respect..
In a further preferred embodiment according to the invention the OLED display is substituted with at least one substantially transparent LCD, wherein said LCD comprises at least one transparent light source arranged for providing the necessary light for establishing the perceived object, as the liquid crystals in the LCD do not emit light.
In a preferred embodiment the transparent light source is at least one transparent white OLED placed behind the liquid crystals in the LCD.
Like OLED displays, liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are well known in the art. As the LCDs presently are widely used as e.g. flat panel displays, electronic visual displays, and video displays art, LCD can equally well be used as the means for projecting the two-dimensional image onto the transparent mirror in the 3D display according to the present invention. However, as already stated OLED displays have a number of advantages over the LCDs, e.g. will use of an OLED display in the display according to the invention provide a simpler construction, and OLED is therefore the preferred means for projecting an image on the transparent mirror. In the present application reference will therefore only be made to the OLED display, even though it will be understood that said OLED display within the scope of the present invention could be substituted with a transparent LCD comprising at least one transparent light source in any embodiment disclosed in the present application. In order for the viewer to see through the components of the 3D display, i.e. the mirror and the OLED display, it is preferred that the components are at least partly transparent. In respect of the OLED display this will preferably mean that said display only or at least mainly, comprises transparent components (substrate, cathode and anode) and, when turned off, that said displays e.g. can be up to or more than 85 percent as transparent as their substrate. In order for the perceived illusion to appear as clear and sharp as possible the reflecting side of the transparent mirror must face the OLED display or the LCD. It also enhances the illusion if the reflection is higher than the transmission through the transparent mirror, as the reflected image in this case is clear and the perceived object thus appears more vivid that if the reflection is sparse.
The term "transparent mirror" within the present invention is meant to encompass any kind of reflective and semi-transparent screen capable of creating an illusion of a two- or three- dimensional object in combination with the transparent OLED display. Thus the term also comprises reflective and transparent membranes and foils made of e.g. a polymeric composite or glass.
It is preferred that the reflection layer of the "transparent mirror" is the outer layer facing the image source, as it is then possible using the display according to the invention to create images of a much more realistic look than anything previously achieved using a conventional Pepper's Ghost set up. Alternatively the transparent mirror can comprise a thin protective layer covering the reflection layer, as this will provide a larger resistance to the mirror. Said protective layer is preferably less than 50 μπι, more preferably less than 200 μπι, and even more preferably less than 400 nm. The transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror can in one embodiment have identical height and length dimensions, as this provides a harmonic appearance of the 3D display. However, other sizes and dimensions of the respective components are contemplated within the scope of the invention, and the mirror can e.g. be smaller than the OLED display or vice versa, as long as the projected image from the OLED display is sufficiently reflected in the transparent mirror in order to create the desired perceived object. Placing the OLED display correctly with respect to the transparent mirror ensures that the perceived object maintains its creditability .
It is known that OLED displays can be flexible and OLED displays having different curvatures are also envisioned within the scope of the present invention. In these cases it is also relevant that the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are arranged substantially parallel to each other, i.e. that there is a constant distance throughout the extent of the OLED display and the transparent mirror.
The dimensions of the display according to the invention will depend on the intended use, and will obviously vary depending on the image to be displayed. If for instance it is a new sports car on virtual display in a 3D display in a car dealer a large display according to the invention is desired whereas a smaller display is required in order to display an advanced structure of proteins in a museum or in a laboratory.
Accordingly the actual distance between the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror depends on the exact dimensions of the respective components. This is due to the fact that the perceived object will seem to appear behind the transparent mirror in a distance from the transparent mirror equaling the distance between the transparent mirror and the transparent OLED display. As exemplary embodiment can be mentioned, that if for instance the OLED display and the mirror each have a length of 20 m and a height of 30 m, the distance between the transparent mirror and the transparent OLED display could e.g. be 10 m, providing a perceived object about 20 m behind the OLED display. In contract, if the OLED display and the mirror each have dimensions of 40 cm x 40 cm the distance would preferably be between 8 and 40 cm, preferably between 10 and 15 cm. However, in a still further embodiment the OLED display and the mirror each have a length of 2½ m and a height of 4 m, the distance can also be 15 cm. Thus, it can be concluded that many different options are possible within the scope of protection, depending on the desired outcome. It is also possible to have a display comprising more than one transparent OLED display and more than one transparent mirror. As an example can be mentioned that two transparent OLED displays can project images to two different mirrors arranged one above the other, or slightly displaced in the vertical direction in order to created especially advanced illusions. In further embodiments two or more displays and mirrors can be arranged side by side. The person skilled in the art will understand that a number of different combinations are possible without diverting from the scope of protection.
The invention will be described by way of example below with reference to the drawings illustrating various embodiments of the 3D display. Fig. 1 shows, in a perspective view, a first embodiment of the display according to the invention, with one transparent mirror and one transparent OLED display,
Fig. 2 shows, in a perspective view, a second embodiment of the display in fig. 1, wherein said display comprises a frame, Fig. 3 shows, in a perspective view, a third embodiment of the display according to the invention, wherein the one transparent mirror and one transparent OLED display is curved, and Fig. 4 shows, in a perspective view, a forth embodiment of the display according to the invention, wherein the transparent OLED display is replaced with a transparent LCD and a light source . While this disclosure has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements.
Fig. 1 shows a display 1 according to the present invention comprising a transparent OLED display 2 facing a transparent mirror 3. In the embodiment shown, both the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are contemplated to be hanging from the ceiling in a store (not shown), however the OLED display can have any suitable dimensions and be used in a variety of different locations, including screens for mobile phones .
Electric current (not shown) is applied to the transparent OLED display ensuring that a bright, electro-luminescent light is produced directly from the organic material in the OLED display .
The transparent OLED display 2 is arranged for transmitting at least one two-dimensional image 4. As the transparent mirror 3 is facing the display 2, the display will accordingly project said two-dimensional image 4 onto the transparent mirror 3 creating a reflected image 5. The fact that the display 2 is a one way viewing OLED display, the image 4 cannot be seen from the side of the OLED display 2 facing the viewer 6 and the viewer will only observe a realization of said image, i.e. the perceived object 7, freely floating in midair behind the transparent mirror 3.
The surface 8 of the at least one transparent OLED display 2 facing the surface 9 at least one transparent mirror 3, are arranged at a substantially constant distance X from each other. This means, within the context of the present invention, that the distance between any of two opposing points on the opposing surfaces of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror has the same or substantially the same distance X, or said with other words, that the transparent OLED display 2 and the transparent mirror 3 are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 the transparent mirror 3 can optionally be horizontal displaced back and forth with respect to the transparent OLED display 2, in such a way that the OLED display and the transparent mirror still remain substantially parallel. Said displacement is illustrated in fig. 1 by arrows A and B.
If the image to be display by the OLED display is a number of photos stored in a frame stack, the viewer is able to scroll back and forward in a series of photos by moving the transparent mirror back and forth. Each photo is assigned to a specific position of the mirror, and an appropriate sensor can be incorporated in the display according to the invention in order to establish the exact position of the transparent mirror 3.
By actively moving the transparent mirror the viewer can experience a unique photo realistic visual presentation of e.g. a 360° view of an object or see an ultra slow motion movie of a golf swing or other complex motion, and stop to see each unique image if desired.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 the transparent OLED display 2 and the transparent mirror 3 have substantially uniform dimensions, however different sizes of the transparent OLED display and the transparent mirror are also contemplated within the context of the present invention. In these embodiments only the overlapping area between the display 2 and the mirror 3 needs to be parallel.
Fig. 2 shows a modification of the embodiment shown in fig. 1 having a frame 10 extending between the edges 11 of the transparent OLED display 2 and the edges 12 of the transparent mirror 3 for partly or completely preventing images not originating from the transparent OLED display from being reflected in the transparent mirror. In this way the perceived object will appear especially clear and sharp for the viewer. The skilled person will in view of the present application understand that the frame shown in fig. 2 can be used in any embodiment according to the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment 1' according to the present invention. The third embodiment is basically identical to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and for like parts identical reference numbers are used. The only modification of the display in the embodiment in fig. 3 is that the transparent OLED display 2' and the transparent mirror 3' are curved in the horizontal direction, in such a way that the transparent OLED display 2' and the transparent mirror 3' remain parallel to each other.
Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment 1'' according to the present invention. In this embodiment the OLED display 2 in the embodiment shown in fig. 1 is substituted with at least one substantially transparent LCD 13, wherein said LCD comprises at least one light source 14 arranged for providing the necessary light for establishing the perceived object. In the embodiment shown in fig. 4 the light source 14 is at least one transparent white OLED placed behind the liquid crystals in the LCD 13.
The surface 15 of the transparent LCD 13 faces the surface 9 of the at least one transparent mirror 3, said two opposing surfaces 15, 9 are arranged at a substantially constant distance X from each other. As for the embodiments in fig. 1 and 3, the transparent LCD 13, light source 14 and the transparent mirror 3 remains parallel to each other.
Since the light source ensures that the LCD does not project an image in the direction of the viewer 6, the viewer will only observe e.g. a 3D realization of said image, i.e. the perceived object 7, freely floating in midair behind the transparent mirror 3. Thus, the present invention provides a simple but yet effect- full display, which can be assembled and dismantled without prior training even by persons without any technical skills. In this respect the invention provides a low cost, compact and customizable display.
Modifications and combinations of the above principles and designs are foreseen within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

Claims
Display (1,1', 1'') comprising at least one substantially transparent one way viewing OLED display (2,2') arranged for projecting at least one image (4) onto at least one substantially transparent mirror (3,3') thereby creating a perceived object (7) in a space behind the at least one substantially transparent mirror (3,3'), wherein opposing surfaces (8,9) of the at least one transparent OLED display (2,2') and the at least one transparent mirror (3,3'), are arranged substantially parallel to each other.
Display (1,1', 1'') according to claim 1, wherein the at least one transparent OLED display (2,2') is an active- matrix OLED display or a passive-matrix OLED display.
Display (1,1', 1'') according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the display (2,2') comprises means for displacing the transparent OLED display (2,2') and/or the transparent mirror (3,3') relatively to each other.
Display (1,1', 1'') according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the display comprises a frame (10) arranged for partly or completely preventing images not originating from the transparent OLED display (2,2') from being reflected in the transparent mirror (3,3') .
Display (1,1', 1'') according to claim 4, wherein the frame (10) is extending between at least one of the edges (11) of the transparent OLED display (2,2') and at least one of the edges (12) of the transparent mirror (3,3') .
Display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the transparent OLED display (2,2') and the transparent mirror (3,3') each has at least one curvature and/or loop. Display (Ι,Ι',Ι") according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the distance (X) between the transparent OLED display (2,2') and the transparent mirror (3,3') is set depending on the dimensions of the transparent OLED display (2,2') and the transparent mirror (3,3') .
Display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the perceived object (7) appear behind the transparent mirror (3,3') at a distance from the transparent mirror (3,3') equal to the distance (X) between the transparent mirror (3,3') and the transparent OLED display (2,2') .
Display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one image (4) is a video or a number of photos arranged in a frame stack.
Display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the display (1,1', 1'') is modified in that the transparent OLED display (2,2') is substituted with at least one substantially transparent LCD (13), and wherein said LCD comprises at least one transparent light source (14) .
Display (1,1', 1'') according to claim 8, wherein said transparent light source (14) is at least one transparent white OLED placed behind the liquid crystals in the transparent LCD.
A method of using the display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the claim 1 - 11 wherein the transparent OLED display (2,2') or transparent LCD (13) is projecting an image (4) on at least one substantially transparent mirror (3,3') thereby creating a perceived object (7) in a space behind the at least one substantially transparent mirror (3,3') . Use of the display (1,1', 1'') according to any of the claims 1 - 11, wherein said display (1,1', 1'') is used in a shop display, an advanced learning tool or a mobile phone .
PCT/DK2011/050471 2011-02-08 2011-12-08 Compact display for creating a perceived object WO2012107044A1 (en)

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