WO2012104088A1 - Process for producing a preform of fibrous structure having the form of a profiled element comprising a core, and preform produced - Google Patents
Process for producing a preform of fibrous structure having the form of a profiled element comprising a core, and preform produced Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012104088A1 WO2012104088A1 PCT/EP2012/000468 EP2012000468W WO2012104088A1 WO 2012104088 A1 WO2012104088 A1 WO 2012104088A1 EP 2012000468 W EP2012000468 W EP 2012000468W WO 2012104088 A1 WO2012104088 A1 WO 2012104088A1
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- Prior art keywords
- preform
- core
- producing
- preforms
- fibrous structure
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
- B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
- B29C70/543—Fixing the position or configuration of fibrous reinforcements before or during moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
- B29C2793/0081—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation before shaping
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a preform with a fibrous structure in the form of a profile comprising a core. It extends to preforms made by the implementation of this method.
- Composite materials composed primarily of fibrous structure preforms, and a matrix generally consisting of a plastic material (thermoplastic or thermosetting resin) ensuring the cohesion of the structure, are used more and more frequently in many industries, particularly in the aerospace industry.
- the manufacture of composite material parts requires, in the first place, to produce profiled preforms of sections and / or more or less complex shapes, by means of elementary preforms cut and then shaped and / or mechanically assembled to obtain the profile. longed for.
- the present invention relates to the production of such preforms specifically having the shape of a profile comprising a core, and has for main objective to provide an easy process of implementation leading to obtaining preforms having high mechanical performance.
- the invention relates to a method for producing a preform with a fibrous structure having the shape of a profile comprising a core delimited by at least one contour and, according to the invention, this method consists of:
- each soul of a preform is delimited by an "outside” contour and may have one or more contour (s) "inside (s)".
- each preform is thus made by means of two elementary preforms joined together to form a preform having a reinforced core, then assembled by seam lines extending along each contour of the core, and which constitute almost continuous assembly lines preventing any risk of destructuring because they:
- the so-called "lock stitching” technique is advantageously used for sewing the reinforcing layers.
- these seams are advantageously made by means of son having a high tensile strength, such as son "Kevlar ®” or carbon son.
- the invention extends to a preform with a fibrous structure having the shape of a profile comprising a core delimited by at least one contour, the said preform consisting of two elementary preforms of suitable shapes to form a preform with a core double thickness obtained by juxtaposition of said elementary preforms and assembly of the latter by at least one seam line extending along each contour line delimiting the core.
- FIG. 1 represents two elementary preforms intended for producing a preform according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a view from above of a preform according to the invention made by assembling, by seam lines, the two elementary preforms represented in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the profile produced by means of the preform shown in FIG. 2;
- the invention relates to the production of a profiled preform P, as represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, comprising a central core A of rectangular shape, each of the four edges of which is extended by a sole S1 -S4 oriented with respect to the plane of the soul, and extending perpendicularly to it.
- the first step of this method consists of cutting two elementary preforms P1, P2 constituted, for example, of a stack of reinforcement layers with a fibrous structure such as carbon fibers, each of said elementary preforms having, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a shape and planar dimensions corresponding to the shape and dimensions of the core A and one of the wings of each sole S1-S4 of the preform P laid flat.
- each elementary preform P1, P2 thus comprises a rectangular central portion 1, each side of which is extended by a portion of rectangular surface area 2-5 adapted to form one of the wings of a sole S1-S4 .
- the second step of the method according to the invention consists, as represented in FIG. 2, in assembling the two elementary preforms P1 and P2 by parallel seam lines, in the example of the number of three 11-13, extending along the outer contour of the core A, and in the example along the whole of said contour, that is to say arranged so as to avoid any propagation of a possible delamination.
- these seam lines 11-13 are furthermore made by means of yarns having a high tensile strength, such as "Kevlar®" yarns or carbon yarns.
- Such a method makes it possible, as mentioned above, to produce a profiled preform P shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the core A of which consists of a double-thickness core consisting of the central portions 1 contiguous and assembled by seam lines. 13, two elementary preforms P1, P2, and each sole S1 -S4 is formed by folding peripheral surface portions 2-5 adjacent to the central portion 1 of said elementary preforms.
- seam lines are likewise formed along the contour of this orifice, so as to avoid any propagation of a possible delamination.
- the method according to the invention therefore allows the production of profiled preforms comprising a core, having very high mechanical performances.
Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing a preform (P) of fibrous structure having the form of a profiled element comprising a core (A) delimited by at least one contour line. According to the invention, this process consists in producing two elementary preforms of forms suitable for forming a preform (P) provided with a core (A) of double thickness obtained by juxtaposition of the two elementary preforms, then in assembling the two elementary preforms by at least one line of stitching (11-13) extending along each contour line delimiting the core (A).
Description
Procédé de réalisation d'une préforme à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme, et préforme réalisée Process for producing a preform with a fibrous structure in the form of a profile comprising a core, and preform made
L'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une préforme à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme. Elle s'étend aux préformes réalisées par la mise en œuvre de ce procédé. The invention relates to a method for producing a preform with a fibrous structure in the form of a profile comprising a core. It extends to preforms made by the implementation of this method.
Les matériaux composites composés, à titre principal, de préformes à structure fibreuse, et d'une matrice consistant généralement en une matière plastique (résine thermoplastique ou thermodurcissable) assurant la cohésion de la structure, sont d'un emploi de plus en plus fréquent dans de nombreuses industries et notamment dans l'industrie aéronautique et spatiale. Composite materials composed primarily of fibrous structure preforms, and a matrix generally consisting of a plastic material (thermoplastic or thermosetting resin) ensuring the cohesion of the structure, are used more and more frequently in many industries, particularly in the aerospace industry.
La fabrication des pièces en matériaux composites nécessite, en premier lieu, de réaliser des préformes profilées de sections et/ou formes plus ou moins complexes, au moyen de préformes élémentaires découpées puis conformées et/ou assemblées mécaniquement en vue de l'obtention du profil désiré. The manufacture of composite material parts requires, in the first place, to produce profiled preforms of sections and / or more or less complex shapes, by means of elementary preforms cut and then shaped and / or mechanically assembled to obtain the profile. longed for.
La présente invention vise la réalisation de telles préformes présentant spécifiquement la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme, et a pour objectif principal de fournir un procédé de mise en œuvre aisée conduisant à l'obtention de préformes présentant des performances mécaniques élevées. The present invention relates to the production of such preforms specifically having the shape of a profile comprising a core, and has for main objective to provide an easy process of implementation leading to obtaining preforms having high mechanical performance.
A cet effet, l'invention vise un procédé de réalisation d'une préforme à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme délimitée par au moins un contour et, selon l'invention, ce procédé consiste : For this purpose, the invention relates to a method for producing a preform with a fibrous structure having the shape of a profile comprising a core delimited by at least one contour and, according to the invention, this method consists of:
- à réaliser deux préformes élémentaires de formes adaptées pour former une préforme dotée d'une âme double épaisseur obtenue par juxtaposition des deux préformes élémentaires, to produce two elementary preforms of suitable shapes to form a preform with a double-thickness core obtained by juxtaposition of the two elementary preforms,
- et à assembler les deux préformes élémentaires par au moins une ligne de couture s'étendant le long de chaque ligne de contour délimitant l'âme. and to assemble the two elementary preforms by at least one seam line extending along each contour line delimiting the core.
En premier lieu, il est à noter que, selon l'invention, on entend définir, de façon large, par « contour », une limite pouvant consister soit en la limite extérieure de l'âme de la préforme, soit en une limite intérieure de la dite âme délimitant un orifice ménagé dans cette dernière. Ainsi, selon
l'invention, chaque âme d'une préforme est délimitée par un contour « extérieur » et peut présenter un ou plusieurs contour(s) « intérieur(s) ». In the first place, it should be noted that, according to the invention, it is intended to define, broadly, by "contour", a limit which may consist either of the outer limit of the core of the preform, or of an inner limit said soul delimiting an orifice formed in the latter. So, according to the invention, each soul of a preform is delimited by an "outside" contour and may have one or more contour (s) "inside (s)".
Selon l'invention, chaque préforme est donc réalisée au moyen de deux préformes élémentaires accolées pour former une préforme présentant une âme renforcée, puis assemblées par des lignes de couture s'étendant le long de chaque contour de l'âme, et qui constituent des lignes d'assemblage quasi continues prévenant tout risque de déstructuration du fait qu'elles : According to the invention, each preform is thus made by means of two elementary preforms joined together to form a preform having a reinforced core, then assembled by seam lines extending along each contour of the core, and which constitute almost continuous assembly lines preventing any risk of destructuring because they:
- présentent des résistances élevées vis-à-vis des sollicitations mécaniques, et notamment des résistances au moins équivalentes à celles obtenues par des liaisons mécaniques ponctuelles, telles que des liaisons par rivets, have high resistances with respect to mechanical stresses, and in particular resistances at least equivalent to those obtained by point mechanical connections, such as rivet connections,
- constituent des barrières quasi continues empêchant toute propagation d'un éventuel délaminage lors de sollicitations mécaniques de la préforme. - Constitute almost continuous barriers preventing any propagation of a possible delamination during mechanical stress of the preform.
De plus, de telles lignes de couture, qui sont réalisées lors d'une des étapes initiales de la fabrication des préformes, conduisent, par la suite, grâce à un parfait maintien relatif des préformes élémentaires, à faciliter toutes les étapes ultérieures de manipulation, mise en forme, assemblage des éventuelles semelles bordant l'âme sur des éléments structurels ... In addition, such seam lines, which are made during one of the initial steps of the preform manufacturing, lead, subsequently, thanks to a perfect relative retention of the elementary preforms, to facilitate all subsequent handling steps, shaping, assembly of any soles bordering the soul on structural elements ...
Par ailleurs, on utilise avantageusement, selon l'invention, la technique dite du «point noué» (« lock stitching ») en vue de la couture des couches de renfort. Furthermore, according to the invention, the so-called "lock stitching" technique is advantageously used for sewing the reinforcing layers.
De plus, ces coutures sont avantageusement réalisées au moyen de fils présentant une haute résistance à la traction, tels que des fils en « Kevlar ® » ou des fils en carbone. In addition, these seams are advantageously made by means of son having a high tensile strength, such as son "Kevlar ®" or carbon son.
L'invention s'étend à une préforme à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme délimitée par au moins un contour, la dite préforme étant constituée de deux préformes élémentaires de formes adaptées pour former une préforme dotée d'une âme double épaisseur obtenue par juxtaposition des dites préformes élémentaires et assemblage de ces dernières par au moins une ligne de couture s'étendant le long de chaque ligne de contour délimitant l'âme. The invention extends to a preform with a fibrous structure having the shape of a profile comprising a core delimited by at least one contour, the said preform consisting of two elementary preforms of suitable shapes to form a preform with a core double thickness obtained by juxtaposition of said elementary preforms and assembly of the latter by at least one seam line extending along each contour line delimiting the core.
D'autres caractéristiques buts et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description détaillée qui suit en référence aux dessins
annexés qui en représentent à titre d'exemple non limitatif un mode de réalisation préférentiel. Sur ces dessins : Other features and purposes of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings. appended which represent by way of non-limiting example a preferred embodiment. On these drawings:
- la figure 1 représente deux préformes élémentaires destinées à la réalisation d'une préforme conforme à l'invention, FIG. 1 represents two elementary preforms intended for producing a preform according to the invention,
- la figure 2 est une vue de dessus d'une préforme selon l'invention réalisée par assemblage, par des lignes de couture, des deux préformes élémentaires représentées à la figure 1 , FIG. 2 is a view from above of a preform according to the invention made by assembling, by seam lines, the two elementary preforms represented in FIG. 1;
- la figure 3 est une vue en perspective du profilé réalisé au moyen de la préforme représentée à la figure 2, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the profile produced by means of the preform shown in FIG. 2;
- et la figure 4 est une coupe transversale par un plan C de ce profilé. - And Figure 4 is a cross section through a plane C of this profile.
L'invention vise la réalisation d'une préforme profilée P, telle que représentée aux figures 3 et 4, comportant une âme centrale A de forme rectangulaire dont chacun des quatre bords est prolongé d'une semelle S1 -S4 axée par rapport au plan de la dite âme, et s'étendant perpendiculairement par rapport à cette dernière. The invention relates to the production of a profiled preform P, as represented in FIGS. 3 and 4, comprising a central core A of rectangular shape, each of the four edges of which is extended by a sole S1 -S4 oriented with respect to the plane of the soul, and extending perpendicularly to it.
La première étape de ce procédé consiste à découper deux préformes élémentaires P1 , P2 constituées, par exemple, d'un empilage de couches de renfort à structure fibreuse telles que des fibres de carbone, chacune des dites préformes élémentaires présentant, tel que représenté aux figures 1 et 2, une forme et des dimensions planes correspondant à la forme et aux dimensions de l'âme A et d'une des ailes de chaque semelle S1-S4 de la préforme P mise à plat. The first step of this method consists of cutting two elementary preforms P1, P2 constituted, for example, of a stack of reinforcement layers with a fibrous structure such as carbon fibers, each of said elementary preforms having, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a shape and planar dimensions corresponding to the shape and dimensions of the core A and one of the wings of each sole S1-S4 of the preform P laid flat.
Selon l'exemple représenté, chaque préforme élémentaire P1 , P2 comporte donc une portion centrale rectangulaire 1 , dont chaque côté est prolongé d'une portion de surface rectangulaire 2-5 de surface adaptée pour constituer une des ailes d'une semelle S1 -S4. According to the example shown, each elementary preform P1, P2 thus comprises a rectangular central portion 1, each side of which is extended by a portion of rectangular surface area 2-5 adapted to form one of the wings of a sole S1-S4 .
La deuxième étape du procédé selon l'invention consiste, tel que représenté à la figure 2, à assembler les deux préformes élémentaires P1 et P2 par de lignes de couture parallèles, en l'exemple au nombre de trois 11-13, s'étendant le long du contour externe de l'âme A, et en l'exemple le long de l'intégralité du dit contour, c'est-à-dire disposées de façon à éviter toute propagation d'un éventuel délaminage.
De façon avantageuse, ces lignes de couture 11-13 sont, en outre, réalisées au moyen de fils présentant une haute résistance à la traction, tels que des fils en « Kevlar ® » ou des fils en carbone. The second step of the method according to the invention consists, as represented in FIG. 2, in assembling the two elementary preforms P1 and P2 by parallel seam lines, in the example of the number of three 11-13, extending along the outer contour of the core A, and in the example along the whole of said contour, that is to say arranged so as to avoid any propagation of a possible delamination. Advantageously, these seam lines 11-13 are furthermore made by means of yarns having a high tensile strength, such as "Kevlar®" yarns or carbon yarns.
Un tel procédé permet, tel que précité, de réaliser une 5 préforme profilée P représentée aux figures 3 et 4, dont l'âme A consiste en une âme double épaisseur constituée par les portions centrales 1 accolées et assemblées par des lignes de couture 11-13, des deux préformes élémentaires P1 , P2, et dont chaque semelle S1 -S4 est formée par pliages des portions de surface périphériques 2-5 jouxtant la portion centrale 1 des dites préformes î o élémentaires.2-5. Such a method makes it possible, as mentioned above, to produce a profiled preform P shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the core A of which consists of a double-thickness core consisting of the central portions 1 contiguous and assembled by seam lines. 13, two elementary preforms P1, P2, and each sole S1 -S4 is formed by folding peripheral surface portions 2-5 adjacent to the central portion 1 of said elementary preforms.
Il est à noter que, selon l'invention, lorsqu'un orifice est ménagé dans l'âme A, des lignes de couture sont de même formées le long du contour de cet orifice, de façon à éviter toute propagation d'un éventuel délaminage. It should be noted that, according to the invention, when an orifice is formed in the core A, seam lines are likewise formed along the contour of this orifice, so as to avoid any propagation of a possible delamination. .
15 De façon générale, le procédé selon l'invention permet donc la réalisation de préformes profilées comportant une âme, présentant des performances mécaniques très élevées.
In general, the method according to the invention therefore allows the production of profiled preforms comprising a core, having very high mechanical performances.
Claims
REVENDICATIONS
1/ Procédé de réalisation d'une préforme (P) à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme (A) délimitée par au moins une ligne de contour, le dit procédé étant caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste : 1 / A process for producing a preform (P) with a fibrous structure in the form of a profile comprising a core (A) delimited by at least one contour line, said method being characterized in that it consists of:
- à réaliser deux préformes élémentaires (P1 , P2) de formes adaptées pour former une préforme (P) dotée d'une âme (A) double épaisseur obtenue par juxtaposition des deux préformes élémentaires (P1 , P2) - to make two elementary preforms (P1, P2) of shapes adapted to form a preform (P) with a core (A) double thickness obtained by juxtaposition of the two elementary preforms (P1, P2)
- et à assembler les deux préformes élémentaires par au moins une ligne de couture (11-13) s'étendant le long de chaque ligne de contour délimitant l'âme (A). and to assemble the two elementary preforms by at least one seam line (11-13) extending along each contour line delimiting the core (A).
21 Procédé de réalisation d'une préforme selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise la technique dite du «point noué» (« lock stitching ») en vue de l'assemblage des préformes élémentaires (P1. P2). 21 Process for producing a preform according to claim 1 characterized in that the so-called "lockstitch" technique is used to assemble the elementary preforms (P1, P2).
3/ Procédé de réalisation d'une préforme selon l'une des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce que l'on réalise les coutures (11- 13) au moyen de fils présentant une haute résistance à la traction, tels que des fils en « Kevlar ® » ou des fils en carbone. 3 / A method of producing a preform according to one of the preceding claims characterized in that the seams (11- 13) are made by means of son having a high tensile strength, such as son "Kevlar" ® "or carbon threads.
4/ Préforme (P) à structure fibreuse présentant la forme d'un profilé comportant une âme (A) délimitée par au moins une ligne de contour, la dite préforme étant caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée de deux préformes élémentaires (P1 , P2) de formes adaptées pour former une préforme (P) dotée d'une âme (A) double épaisseur obtenue par juxtaposition des dites préformes élémentaires et assemblage de ces dernières par au moins une ligne de couture (11-13) s'étendant le long de chaque ligne de contour délimitant l'âme (A).
4 / preform (P) with a fibrous structure having the shape of a profile comprising a core (A) delimited by at least one contour line, said preform being characterized in that it consists of two elementary preforms (P1, P2) of shapes adapted to form a preform (P) with a core (A) double thickness obtained by juxtaposition of said elementary preforms and assembly thereof by at least one seam line (11-13) extending the along each contour line delimiting the core (A).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1150896 | 2011-02-04 | ||
FR1150896A FR2971193B1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2011-02-04 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A FIBROUS STRUCTURED PREFORM PRESENTING THE FORM OF A PROFILE COMPRISING A SOUL, AND PREFORMED REALIZATION |
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WO2012104088A1 true WO2012104088A1 (en) | 2012-08-09 |
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PCT/EP2012/000468 WO2012104088A1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2012-02-02 | Process for producing a preform of fibrous structure having the form of a profiled element comprising a core, and preform produced |
Country Status (2)
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FR (1) | FR2971193B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012104088A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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WO2017068174A1 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-27 | Institut De Recherche Technologique Jules Verne | Method for flat production of a complex composite preform |
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---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017068174A1 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-27 | Institut De Recherche Technologique Jules Verne | Method for flat production of a complex composite preform |
FR3042731A1 (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2017-04-28 | Inst De Rech Tech Jules Verne | PROCESS FOR THE FLAT REALIZATION OF A COMPLEX COMPOSITE PREFORM |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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FR2971193B1 (en) | 2013-04-26 |
FR2971193A1 (en) | 2012-08-10 |
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