WO2012103559A1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à commander la commutation et la modulation de phase d'une cellule à cristaux liquides - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à commander la commutation et la modulation de phase d'une cellule à cristaux liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012103559A1
WO2012103559A1 PCT/AM2011/000002 AM2011000002W WO2012103559A1 WO 2012103559 A1 WO2012103559 A1 WO 2012103559A1 AM 2011000002 W AM2011000002 W AM 2011000002W WO 2012103559 A1 WO2012103559 A1 WO 2012103559A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
crystal cell
substrates
nematic liquid
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AM2011/000002
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hakob MARGARYAN
Vladimir Aroutiounian
Nune HAKOBYAN
Valeri ABRAHAMYAN
David HOVHANNISYAN
Original Assignee
"Yerevan State University" State Not Commercial Organization
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by "Yerevan State University" State Not Commercial Organization filed Critical "Yerevan State University" State Not Commercial Organization
Publication of WO2012103559A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012103559A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134381—Hybrid switching mode, i.e. for applying an electric field with components parallel and orthogonal to the substrates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/50—Phase-only modulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
    • G09G2300/0434—Flat panel display in which a field is applied parallel to the display plane

Definitions

  • This invention refers to photonics, in particular to the development of optoelectronic components of photonics.
  • Possible fields of the invention application are: adaptive optics, optical correlation, image processing and analysis, holographic record of information, as well as displays.
  • the electro-optical method of controlling of birefringence of liquid crystals is known [1] according to which a layer of the nematic liquid crystal (NLC) with uniform distribution of director is reoriented in external electric field (Freedericksz electro-optical effect).
  • NLC nematic liquid crystal
  • Freedericksz electro-optical effect is commonly used in such LC-based devices as phase retarders, light valves, spatial light modulators and LC displays.
  • the basic technical characteristics of these devices are: the depth of phase modulation of the light and switching time.
  • a new type of LC is used [2] or the thickness of LC layer is reduced, and the latter in conjunction with reduced switching time introduces reduction in the depth of phase modulation.
  • the electro-optical method of controlling of LC birefringence is chosen for the closest prototype, according to which an electric field is applied between the LC cell substrates in consequence the birefringence of NLC with uniform distribution of director changes [3].
  • LC cells have the following two operation modes: as an electro-optically controlled light valve and as a phase retarder.
  • the LC cell as a light valve in the prototype, works as follows: planar oriented NLC cell is placed between the crossed polarizers so that the incident light beam to be oriented at 45° angle with respect to the of NLC director, and the control voltage is applied between the two substrates of the NLC cell. A change in the value of the applied voltage effects a different orientation of the NLC director and thereby different magnitudes of intensity of the light beam passing through the cell. Thus the intensity of monochromatic light passing through the system is controlled by varying the amplitude of applied voltage in a proper way.
  • the switching time is conditional upon the speed of both the reorientation and relaxation processes in NLC.
  • the minimum on/off transition time is achieved by changing the induced birefringence (by applying corresponding voltage) so that the phase shift to be ⁇ radian.
  • quick reorientation is achieved by applying a voltage of around the value of 1.3 times higher than the threshold voltage of Freedericksz transition in order to circumvent random and undesirable hydrodynamic flows [3-5].
  • the method of double-frequency control is used [2, 6, 7], which, however, is applicable to the special type of double-frequency LCs only.
  • phase retarder the LC cell operates in the following way: a voltage is applied between the substrates of NLC cell, and due to electro-optical effect the birefringence of NLC is changed. Therefore, the light passing through the NLC layer is subjected to a phase-shift in accordance with the applied voltage.
  • the phase of the light beam can be controlled by changing the amplitude of external voltage.
  • a basic characteristic of such a device is the dependence of phase shift ⁇ on the variation of the voltageAF , i.e. the transfer coefficient ⁇ / ⁇ .
  • the ⁇ ( ⁇ ) curve reaches its saturation region, with further decrease in transfer coefficient. In this region, as the voltage changes by AV the phase shift changes slightly in close proximity of ⁇ .
  • the device On one hand it is preferable the device to operate in this range of control voltage with higher value of k and on the other hand in case of greater values of k the noise component of external voltage will cause random and uncontrolled changes in the phase.
  • transfer coefficient k decreases significantly (saturation mode). Though in this case maximum speed and noise resistance is achieved, the transfer coefficient ⁇ / ⁇ and thereby the modulation depth is significantly low. From aforesaid it could be concluded that there is an inconsistency between high speed and deep modulation.
  • the objective of this invention is the improvement of time and modulation characteristics of LC-based devices with a method enabling to choose optimum operation mode of LC cells evading inconsistency between high speed and deep modulation.
  • birefringence of a liquid crystal is controlled by applying external voltage (hereafter- transverse voltage, V ⁇ ) between two substrates of a LC cell
  • the birefringence of NLC is controlled by applying two control voltages: conventional V L and additional voltage along one of substrates of planar oriented NLC cell (hereafter - longitudinal voltage, V n ).
  • the method is put into action with a device comprising two glass substrates, inner surfaces of which are covered with transparent conducting layers; a spacer between the two substrates providing fixed distance between the substrates; nematic liquid crystal filling the space between the substrates; alignment layer providing planar orientation of nematic liquid crystal; one electric contact formed on each transparent conducting layer.
  • a second electric contact is used to apply the additional control voltage.
  • a device embodying claimed method comprises of the LC cell with two glass substrates (1) inner surfaces of which are covered with light-transparent conducting layers (Indium-Tin Oxide, ITO) (2), spacers providing a fixed gap between the substrates (3), nematic liquid crystal layer (4) sandwiched between the substrates, a polymer alignment layer (5) providing planar orientation, and three metal contact areas (6) designed to apply control voltage: two on transparent conducting layer on one of substrates, and one on transparent conducting layer on the other substrate.
  • ITO Indium-Tin Oxide
  • FIG. 2 the schematic diagram of setup of embodying claimed method is given. It comprises a two-channel generator run by NI 6025 DAQ card (7), a computer (8), a voltage amplifier (9), the LC cell (12) arranged between two crossed polarizers (10, 11), a light source (632.8 nm He:Ne laser) (13), and a photo-detector (14).
  • the claimed method is realized for the LC cell given in Fig.1.
  • the claimed method is realized with an setup schematically given in Fig.2. It comprises of a two-channel generator run by a NI 6025 DAQ card (7) and a voltage amplifier (9).
  • a software package developed in LabView environment enables one to shape both bipolar rectangular electrical pulses of different amplitudes, frequency and duration, and control signals of other shape, for example TNE (Tr Egyptian Nematic Effect).
  • the transverse control voltage is applied between NLC substrates from the first channel, and the longitudinal control voltage from the second channel. Both control signals are generated either synchronously or with fixed phase shift.
  • the signal read by NI 6025 card (7) is inputted to the computer (8) in the form of digitalized data.
  • the NLC light valve is controlled with 1 kHz transverse voltage V L of TNE shape.
  • the amplitudes of the TNE signal fractions being chosen so to provide complete "on” and “off states and on/of switching in the range of phase shift at close proximity of ⁇ .
  • the switch-on time is 15.17 ms
  • the switch-off time is 11.16 ms.
  • a NLC cell operates as a light valve in the following way: TNE shape transverse voltage V ⁇ provides the valve running. Synchronously with the "on" front of TNE signal the longitudinal control voltage V n is applied in a shape of a single bipolar pulse. In this case, as it is seen from the transient dynamics (Fig.4) the switch-on time is 700 ⁇ , with switch-off time of 1 1.06 ms. Hence the claimed method provides an opportunity to decrease the switch-on time of a NLC electro-optical gate 20 times and the overall switching time-2.5 times.
  • the NCL cell operates by applying V transverse voltage of 1 kHz and from the phase shift vs. control voltage curve, ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ) (Fig.5) the voltage value corresponding to necessary phase shift is chosen.
  • the NLC cell is controlled by synchronously and simultaneously applied transverse and longitudinal electric pulses.
  • the phase shift of light is dependant on both transverse V ⁇ and longitudinal V u control electric pulses.
  • V Lth is the threshold value of transverse voltage, at which
  • the claimed method gives an opportunity to increase transfer coefficient ⁇ / ⁇ in two orders.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine de la photonique, en particulier le développement de composants optoélectroniques pour la photonique. Les domaines potentiels d'utilisation de l'invention sont les suivants : optique adaptative, corrélation optique, traitement de l'image, enregistrement holographique, ainsi que les écrans d'affichage. Afin de commander la biréfringence de cristaux liquides nématiques à orientation planaire, de manière simultanée et synchronisée avec la tension appliquée entre deux substrats de cellules à cristaux liquides nématiques, une tension supplémentaire - une impulsion électrique bipolaire - est appliquée à l'un des substrats de la cellule à cristaux liquides. Le contrôle de la biréfringence du cristal liquide nématique à l'aide du procédé proposé offre une possibilité de réduire le délai de commutation et d'améliorer les caractéristiques de modulation de la cellule à cristaux liquides nématiques. Afin de mettre en œuvre le procédé, il est proposé une cellule à cristaux liquides nématiques dans laquelle une zone de contact est formée sur la couche conductrice transparente d'un substrat et deux zones de contact sont formées sur la couche conductrice transparente de l'autre substrat, afin de contrôler l'application des tensions.
PCT/AM2011/000002 2011-01-31 2011-06-20 Procédé et dispositif destinés à commander la commutation et la modulation de phase d'une cellule à cristaux liquides WO2012103559A1 (fr)

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AMAM20110007 2011-01-31
AM20110007 2011-01-31

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10048647B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-08-14 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Optical waveguide including spatially-varying volume hologram
US10210844B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2019-02-19 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic near-eye display
US10254542B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2019-04-09 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic projector for a waveguide display
US10310335B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2019-06-04 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Reducing orders of diffraction patterns
US10712567B2 (en) 2017-06-15 2020-07-14 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic display system
US10845761B2 (en) 2017-01-03 2020-11-24 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Reduced bandwidth holographic near-eye display

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040150598A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2004-08-05 Andrii Golovin Fast switching dual-frequency liquid crystal cells and method for driving the same
RU2269807C2 (ru) * 2003-01-15 2006-02-10 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие Научно-Исследовательский Институт "Волга" Жидкокристаллический экран
US20080002121A1 (en) * 2006-06-13 2008-01-03 Kent State University Fast Switching Electro-Optical Devices Using Banana-Shaped Liquid Crystals
RU2366989C2 (ru) * 2007-08-02 2009-09-10 Институт кристаллографии имени А.В. Шубникова Российской академии Наук Способ управления поляризацией света и быстродействующий управляемый оптический элемент с применением холестерического жидкого кристалла (варианты)

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040150598A1 (en) * 2002-01-18 2004-08-05 Andrii Golovin Fast switching dual-frequency liquid crystal cells and method for driving the same
RU2269807C2 (ru) * 2003-01-15 2006-02-10 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие Научно-Исследовательский Институт "Волга" Жидкокристаллический экран
US20080002121A1 (en) * 2006-06-13 2008-01-03 Kent State University Fast Switching Electro-Optical Devices Using Banana-Shaped Liquid Crystals
RU2366989C2 (ru) * 2007-08-02 2009-09-10 Институт кристаллографии имени А.В. Шубникова Российской академии Наук Способ управления поляризацией света и быстродействующий управляемый оптический элемент с применением холестерического жидкого кристалла (варианты)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10048647B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2018-08-14 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Optical waveguide including spatially-varying volume hologram
US10210844B2 (en) 2015-06-29 2019-02-19 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic near-eye display
US10310335B2 (en) 2016-02-29 2019-06-04 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Reducing orders of diffraction patterns
US10254542B2 (en) 2016-11-01 2019-04-09 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic projector for a waveguide display
US10845761B2 (en) 2017-01-03 2020-11-24 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Reduced bandwidth holographic near-eye display
US11022939B2 (en) 2017-01-03 2021-06-01 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Reduced bandwidth holographic near-eye display
US10712567B2 (en) 2017-06-15 2020-07-14 Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc Holographic display system

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