WO2012097439A1 - Healthy organic food - Google Patents

Abstract

Composition comprising grains and other plant products to form a healthy food, particularly a breakfast cereal.

Description

HEALTHY ORGANIC FOOD

[0001] The present invention relates to a food

composition comprising grains and other plant products to form a healthy food, particularly a breakfast cereal.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] US 7,842,328 relates to "cereal and fruit oil", and relates to a vegetable oil comprising a mixture of cereal oils and fruit oils. These are selected from: corn oil, rice oil, wheat germ oil, barley oil, oat oil, rye oil, sorghum oil and millet oil and walnut oil, blackcurrant oil, almond oil, hazelnut oil, apricot oil, peach oil, avocado oil, cherry oil, watermelon oil, melon oil, blueberry oil and orange oil.

[0003] A need exist for a healthy food composition which is nutritious while promoting health benefits and reducing the incidence of disease. The present invention seeks to satisfy that need.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0004] it has now been discovered, according to the present invention, that it is possible to combine organic cereals and plant products (containing no chemicals) in such a way that the resulting food is nutritious and promotes health benefits and reduction in disease.

Simple sugars will be used parsimoniously - only if natural in the plant - and honey is used as a sweetener only if needed for flavor. [0005] In one embodiment, the invention provides a food composition comprising whole grain, fiber, protein, naturally-occurring omega 3, naturally-occurring omega 6, plant antioxidant, minerals, essential fatty acids, vitamins and gluten free source of 9 essential amino acids and hemp grain. The composition is preferably in the form of a breakfast cereal.

[0006] In another aspect, there is provided a food composition comprising whole grains selected from barley, oats, and hemp nuts, and dried fruit selected from cranberries, Saskatoon berries, sour cherries and

raisins .

[0007] Further embodiments are described in US patent application Serial No. 61/433,768, filed January 18, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0008] Breakfast cereals.

[0009] Modern life is a rush and a nutritious breakfast is often omitted. Advertizing often influences the choice of breakfast cereal and claims can be very misleading. The USDA (US Department of Agriculture) has recommended in its 2010 diet [1] that Americans consume at least 3 or more ounces of whole grains per day thus reducing the risk of several chronic diseases and possibly helping with weight maintenance. Thus, daily intake of at least 3 ounce equivalents of whole grains per day is recommended by substituting whole grains for refined grains. [0010] However Smith-Krebs has discovered a different reality [2]: "Supplies of dark-green/orange vegetables and legumes and whole grains were entirely insufficient relative to recommendations, with virtually no change over time." Also even more critical, in a review of television food advertising Mink found [3]: "Results suggest that a diet consisting of observed food items would provide 2,560% of the recommended daily servings for sugars, 2,080% of the recommended daily servings for fat, 40% of the recommended daily servings for

vegetables, 32% of the recommended daily servings for dairy, and 27% of the recommended daily servings for fruits. The same diet would substantially oversupply protein, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium, while substantially undersupplying carbohydrates, fiber, vitamins A, E, and D, pantothenic acid, iron, phosphorous, calcium, magnesium, copper, and potassium. Overall, the food choices endorsed on television fail to meet nutrition guidelines and encourage nutritional imbalance . "

[0011] The following characterizes an ideal breakfast. First it should do no harm. Conventional agriculture uses chemicals and there is no tracking system to ensure the quality of the food. Organic food on the contrary uses no chemicals and the food can be tracked back to the seed and field it was grown in and the equipment and transport used. The cereals and products used here will all be organic - OCIA (organic crop improvement

association) or equivalent.

[0012] Second the use of whole grain, and correct fiber content, will follow USDA guidelines [1] . Where possible the cereal will have low fat milk added to fulfill part of the USDA guidelines [1] of 2 to 3 portions of low fat milk per day. A healthy alternate would be organic yoghurt. It is important to use lactose-digested milk for persons with lactose deficiency.

[0013] Third, additional naturally occurring omega 3 and 6 (in the optimal proportions) will be included as well as a vegetarian source of anti oxidants, minerals, essential fatty acids, vitamins and a gluten-free source of the 21 known amino acids including the 9 essential ones (those that humans cannot manufacture themselves) .

[0014] Fourth, the ingredients must take account of the enormous and confusing literature on food. In this regard, the standard text "Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids,

cholesterol, protein, and amino acids" by National

Academies Press [4] and the other references referred to herein.

[0015] Fifth, in Canada the cultivation of industrial hemp is permitted under license from Health Canada. The US forbids cultivation of all hemp. The grain of hemp or inactivated seed is sold without restriction in both Canada and the US and the nutritional advantages of hemp products have resulted in great demand in the last 10 years. This presents Canadian farmers with a market and an advantage in using this as a grain with powerful nutritional benefits.

[0016] The fiber content of the main cereals considered at this time are determined from the literature and from analysis carried out at my direction by MAFRI (Manitoba Agricultural and Rural Food Initiative.) The full report is submitted herewith.

[0017] The initial product weighs 50 grams- 1.5

measures of rolled Organic Leggett Oats and 1.5 measures of rolled organic barley and 1 measure of organic THC - free CFX2 hemp and 1 measure of organic raisins or cranberries or Saskatoon berries or similar dried fruits (organic) per serving.

[0018] The product has a domain registered at hemp- oats, com. Table 1 is below:

Hemp-

Oats Barley Hemp Raisins Portion DV %DV oats

/100g /100g /100 g /100g /500g /50g

Calories Kcals 389 352 500 299 1911 191 2000 9.6%

Total fat g 6.90 1.16 44.27 0.46 56.82 5.68 65.00 8.7%

Saturated fat g 1.10 0.00 4.50 0.10 6.25 0.63 20.00 3.1%

Total omega-3 fatty acids g 0.10 0.10 7.48 0.01 7.79 0.78 1.40 55.7%

Total Omega-6 fatty acids g 2.20 2.20 25.23 0.05 31.88 3.19 14.00 22.8%

Gluten <20ppm <20ppm <20ppm <20ppm <20ppm <20ppm <20ppm

Protein g 13.00 9.91 24.00 5.10 68.10 6.81 50.00 13.6%

Cholesterol mg 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0%

Dietary fiber g 13.90 15.60 7.00 3.72 52.42 5.24 25.00 21.0%

Beta glucans & soluble fiber 7.70 3.95 1.00 1.20 25.30 2.53 3.00 84.3%

9

Vitamins

Thiamin mg 0.76 0.19 0.40 0.11 2.80 0.28 1.00 28.0%

Riboflavin mg 0.14 0.11 1.10 0.13 1.64 0.16 1.20 13.7%

Niacin mg 0.96 4.60 2.50 0.77 6.15 0.61 15.00 4.1%

Vit B6 mg 0.12 0.26 0.30 0.17 0.83 0.08 1.60 5.2%

Folate meg 56.00 23.00 0.30 5.00 173.30 17.33 400.00 4.3%

Pantothenic Acid mg 1.35 0.28 0.20 4.25 0.42 5.00 8.5%

Vit C mg 0.00 0.00 1.40 3.80 5.20 0.52 90.00 0.6%

Vit E (alpha tocopherol) mg 0.40 0.02 5.00 0.12 6.32 0.63 15.00 4.2% Vit E (gamma tocopherol) 85.00 85.00 8.50 NK mg

Choline mg 40.40 37.80 30.10 11.10 162.40 16.24 500.00 3.2%

Betaine mg 7.30 0.00 0.30 22.20 2.22 NK

Minerals

Calcium mg 54.00 29.00 145.00 50.00 357.00 35.70 1000.00 3.6%

Iron mg 4.72 2.50 14.00 1.88 30.04 3.00 15.00 20.0%

Magnesium mg 177 79 483 32 1046 105 350 29.9%

Phosphorus mg 523 221 1160 101 2830 283 1000 28.3%

Potassium mg 429 280 859 749 2895 290 3500 8.3%

2 9 12 11 29 3 2400 0.1%

Sodium mg

Zinc mg 3.97 2.13 7.00 0.22 19.13 1.91 15.00 12.8%

Copper mg 0.63 0.42 2.00 0.32 4.20 0.42 2.00 21.0%

Manganese mg 4.90 1.30 12.00 0.30 27.00 2.70 5.00 54.0%

Selenium meg 42.50 37.70 0.00 0.60 128.10 12.81 70.00 18.3% http : //nutritiondata . self . com /facts /cereal -grains -and- pasta/5708/2#ixzzlACzXvlJf [0019] Claims are based on one serving of the cereal above (Table 1) . Source: Nutrient data for this listing was provided by USDA SR-21 and MAFRI and Callaway [5] . Each "-" indicates a missing or incomplete value.

[0020] Percent Daily Values (%DV) are for adults or children aged 4 or older, and are based on a 2,000- calorie reference diet .

[0021 ] The FDA permits labeling with health claims after an exhaustive sifting of information through its committee structure and review of evidence of benefits. Also under FDAMA (FDA Modernization Act) Health Claims. April 2008. This will enable certain health claims.

Approved Claims Requirements for the Food

Sodium and hypertension low Sodium

(21 CFR 101.73)

Whole Grain Foods and Risk Contains 51 percent or more whole of Heart Disease and Certain Cancers grain ingredients by weight per RACC, and

(Docket No. 1999P-2209) - Dietary fiber content at least:

3.0 g per RACC of 55 g

2.8 g per RACC of 50 g

2.5 g per RACC of 45 g

1.7 g per RACC of 35 g

Low fat

Potassium and the Risk of High Blood Good source of potassium

Pressure and Stroke Low sodium

(Docket No. 2000Q-1582) Low total fat

Low saturated fat

Low cholesterol

Saturated Fat, Cholesterol, and Trans Low saturated fat

Fat, and Reduced Risk of Heart Disease Low cholesterol

(Docket No. 2006Q-0458) Bear quantitative trans fat labelling

Contain less than 0.5 g trans fat per RACC Contain less than 6.5 g total fat [0022] Authoritative Statement by Federal Scientific Bodies: certain claims are approved. Under these rules the following health claims for my products will be available according to XI. Appendix C: Health Claims April 2008 (Figure 1) :

[0023] Explanation of benefits.

[0024] Dietary fiber and soluble fiber.

[0025] Dietary fiber, particularly whole grain, promotes bulk in stools and treats constipation, hemorrhoids and diverticulosis [6-9] .

[0026] Ingesting fiber particularly whole grain is associated with a lower risk of coronary heart disease in many level one studies [10] Not all grains do this - oat bran is particularly effective because of the soluble fiber and beta glucans. Barley has particularly desirable beta glucans which also have been shown to lower the undesirable low density lipids (LDL) in the blood as well as cholesterol and reduce the waist measurement in a controlled study of pearl barley with rice fed to Japanese men [11] . This and other work has resulted in a directive by the FDA that barley beta glucans have similar health benefits to those from oats [12] . All the level 1 studies show a substantial protective effect for congestive heart disease (CHD) [13-16] .

[0027] The glycemic index (GI) is a measure of the behavior of carbohydrates in the body. Complex carbohydrates such as whole grains are more difficult to break down (low GI) and result in only small fluctuations in glucose and insulin levels - excellent for health and diabetes. A low glycemic index breakfast and protein are ideal for children going to school. The link between hunger and poor behavioral and academic functioning is clearly demonstrated in Murphy's study of survey from 9 states in the Community Childhood Hunger Identification Project (CCHIP) [17] . Also a study of low glycemic diet on cognitive performance 4 hours following a meal showed that humans like rats had improved memory and learning performance following a low rather than high glycemic diet [18] . In addition there is evidence that a low glycemic breakfast resulted in reduced hunger and food intake suggesting an important role in weight control and obesity management [19] . Satiety and the likelihood of eating less and weight loss are promoted by the soluble fiber and beta glucans of oats or barley or psyllium.

[0028] Wheat fiber has no effect on serum lipids, or hypertension or heart attacks. Flax seed and flax seed meals contain linamarin, lotaustralin and other cyanogenic glycosides at 0.2% each [20] so I prefer not to use them.

[0029] Satiety and the likelihood of eating less and weight loss are promoted by the soluble fiber and beta glucans of oats or barley.

[0030] Cancer reduction - stomach [16], colon [16-18] , and prostate [16, 19] may be reduced with intake of dietary fiber. Gonzalez [16] has the most credible study with 519,978 participants in 10 countries. [0031] Type 2 diabetes may be reduced in incidence and ameliorated with dietary fiber [4] due to the addition of more complex carbohydrates (low glycemic index) such as dietary fiber and whole cereals and their substitution for simple sugars. Massive ingestion of simple sugars and syrups (high GI) are the modern plague so well described as the Western Disease in Cleave' s book [25] .

[0032] Trace minerals and Vitamins

[0033] Almost no sodium is highly desirable as our modern diet is high in sodium, which has been implicated in high blood pressure and a risk of CHD. The high potassium in the cereal is more than 20% of daily

requirement as is the copper iron magnesium and manganese and the other trace elements in respectable numbers for grains. Among the vitamins thiamin is present as over 20% of DV and the others in the list at good levels for grains. The stand out however is gamma tocopherol, which is now recognized as more significant than the alpha tocopherol - Vitamin E -an antioxidant. Gamma tocopherol occurs in nuts seeds and vegetable oils. It protects against reactive nitrogen oxides which cause

diseases [21] . Gamma tocopherol may guard against certain cancers - colon [22] and prostate [23, 24] reduce

inflammation, and activate genes that protect against Alzheimer's disease [25]. This cereal is also a good source of potassium at 12% allowing a claim that it may reduce the incidence of CHD and hypertension [1] .

Magnesium is also important in the DASH diet [1] and is a good source at 39% of DV in this cereal.

[0034] Protein. [0035] The breakfast cereal of the invention is a very good source of first class protein at over 20% of daily requirement. Not only is the protein from the oats portion almost as good as egg protein, but the portion from the hemp contains all the 21 amino acids and all the 9 essential amino acids [5] and is the most complete and usable protein source from plants ever found. The main protein is a hexamer -Edestin (60 - 80%) with albumen making up the rest [26] .

[0036] Fats

[0037] Fats are necessary for life. The

recommendations are[l] to:

[0038] 1. Consume less than 10 percent of calories from saturated fatty acids and less than 300 mg/day of cholesterol, and keep trans fatty acid consumption as low as possible;

[0039] 2. Keep total fat intake between 20 to 35 percent of calories, with most fats coming from sources of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, such as fish, nuts, and vegetable oils;

[0040] 3. When selecting and preparing meat, poultry, dry beans, and milk or milk products, make choices that are lean, low fat, or fat- free;

[0041] 4. Limit intake of fats and oils high in saturated and/or trans fatty acids, and choose products low in such fats and oils. [0042] The breakfast cereal of the invention embodies these principles but also contains omega-6 and omega -3 fatty acids in the ideal ratio of 2.5:1 [5, 27] . Too high a ratio (>10:1) is common in Western society and may increase the probability of a number of diseases and depression [27-29] . The omega-3 is very desirable as omega-6 is common in diet but omega-3 is not. The optimal ratio is thought to be 4:1 or less. These are essential fatty acids: they cannot be produced by the body and must be in diet and are important for the formation of the insulating material around nerve and brain tissue.

[0043] Gluten free

[0044] The presence of <20ppm is not sufficiently low to classify the composition as gluten free. The

recommendations for children and adults vary, as do the recommendations between Canada and the US.

[0045] Taste

[0046] If the cereal is not tasty it will not succeed. For this reason, raisins or Saskatoon berries or

cranberries or sour cherries or other North American fruits or vegetables are included and will also add their beneficial ingredients to the cereal. Tests of different mixtures, different thickness of rolling whole grains and grinding have been performed to establish good taste and consistency (nothing sticking in teeth!) . Additional research is ongoing, particularly in looking at judicious addition of other organic natural products such as lentils and spices and herbs and honey. [0047] Products for the future.

[0048] The invention is not limited to cereals. Other food products include organic bulk laxatives with phyto- sterols, which lower cholesterol and promote higher healthy High Density Lipids in the blood (HDL's) .

Healthy snacks are another embodiment, as well as travel food (currently these products are high in fat to promote satiety and somnolence and low fiber, and are thus not healthy) . A further embodiment points to animal healthy nutrition. Possibilities include high plant protein kibbles for dogs and cats and pellets for horses and cattle .

[0049] In summary, the invention describes the

methodology for tailoring plant grains and products to conform to the medically accepted standards of the

Government organizations responsible for healthy food recommendations. The foods will be organic - free from chemicals. A preferred embodiment is a breakfast cereal.

[0050] The foods will emphasize whole grains and natural dietary fiber. The foods will be low sodium.

Essential fatty acids and beneficial fats will be

predominant, and undesirable fat minimized. High natural first class protein content.

[0051] References:

References .

1. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010, U.D.o.H.a.H.S. US Department of Agriculture, Editor 2010, US Government Printing Office: Washington, DC. Krebs-Smith, S.M., J. Reedy, and C. Bosire, Healthfulness of the U.S. food supply: little improvement despite decades of dietary guidance. Am } Prev Med, 2010. 38(5): p. 472-7.

Mink, M., et al., Nutritional imbalance endorsed by televised food

advertisements. J Am Diet Assoc, 2010. 110(6): p. 904-10.

Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein, and amino acids200S, Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press ; Oxford : Oxford Publicity Partnership [distributor], xxv, 1331 p.

Callaway, J.C. and D.W. Pate, Hempseed Oil. Gourmet and Health- Promoting Specialty Oils., ed. R.A. Moreau and A. Kamal-Eldin2009, Urbana, II.: American Oil Chemists Society Press. 185-213.

Cleator, I.G.M. and M.M. Cleator, The Long Term Results Of Hemorrhoid Banding Using The O'Regan Disposable Suction Ligator©. 1st ed. Vol. 1. 2010, Vancouver: Scott Morrison Investments Ltd. 32

Cleator, D.I.G.M., et al., Eight Years of Hemorrhoid Banding Experience with the O'Regan Ligator. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010. 105 Suppl l(Suppl 1): p. SI -571.

Burkitt, D.P., Varicose veins, deep vein thrombosis, and haemorrhoids:

epidemiology and suggested aetiology. Br Med J, 1972. 2(5813): p. 556-61. Birkett, A.M., et al., Dietary intake and faecal excretion of carbohydrate by Australians: importance of achieving stool weights greater than 150 g to improve faecal markers relevant to colon cancer risk. Eur ] Clin Nutr, 1997. 51(9): p. 625-32.

Jenkins, D.J., et al., Soluble fiber intake at a dose approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for a claim of health benefits: serum lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease assessed in a randomized controlled crossover trial. Am J Clin Nutr, 2002. 75(5): p. 834-9.

Shimizu C, K.M., Aoe S, Araki S, Ito K, Hayashi K, Watari J, Sakata Y, Ikegami S. Effect of high beta-glucan barley on serum cholesterol concentrations and visceral fat area in Japanese men-a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 63, 21-25. Jacobs, D.R., Jr., et al., Whole-grain intake may reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease death in postmenopausal women: the Iowa Women 's Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr, 1998. 68(2): p. 248-57.

Morris, J.N., J.W. Marr, and D.G. Clayton, Diet and heart: a postscript. Br Med J, 1977. 2(6098): p. 1307-14.

Pietinen, P., et al., Intake of dietary fiber and risk of coronary heart disease in a cohort of Finnish men. The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Circulation, 1996. 94(11): p. 2720-7.

Rimm, E.B., et al., Vegetable, fruit, and cereal fiber intake and risk of coronary heart disease among men. JAMA, 1996. 275(6): p. 447-51.

Murphy, J.M., et al., Relationship between hunger and psychosocial functioning in low-income American children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 1998. 37(2): p. 163-70. Benton, D., et al The delivery rate of dietary carbohydrates affects cognitive performance in both rats and humans. Psychopharmacology (Bed), 2003.166(1): p. 86-90.

Warren, J.M., C.J. Henry, and V. Simonite, Low glycemic index breakfasts and reduced food intake in preadolescent children. Pediatrics, 2003.

112(5): p. e414.

Palmer, I.S., et al., Isolation of factors in linseed oil meal protective against chronic selenosis in rats. J Nutr, 1980.110(1): p. 145-50.

Gonzalez, C.A. and E. Riboli, Diet and cancer prevention: Contributions from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Eur J Cancer, 2010.46(14): p. 2555-62.

Trock, B., E. Lanza, and P. Greenwald, Dietary fiber, vegetables, and colon cancer: critical review and meta-analyses of the epidemiologic evidence. J Natl Cancer Inst, 1990.82(8): p. 650-61.

Bingham, S.A., et al., Dietary fibre in food and protection against colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC): an observational study. Lancet, 2003.361(9368): p. 1496-501. Pelucchi, C, et al., Fibre intake and prostate cancer risk. Int J Cancer, 2004. 109(2): p. 278-80.

Cleave, T.L., The saccharine disease : conditions caused by the taking of refined carbohydrates, such as sugar and white flourl97 , Bristol: J.

Wright, xii, 200 p.

Wagner, K.H., A. Kamal-Eldin, and I. Elmadfa, Gamma-tocopherol--an underestimated vitamin? Ann Nutr Metab, 2004.48(3): p. 169-88.

Stone, W.L., et al., Tocopherols and the treatment of colon cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2004.1031: p. 223-33.

Jiang, Q., et al., gamma-tocopherol, the major form of vitamin E in the US diet, deserves more attention. Am J Clin Nutr, 2001.74(6): p. 714-22.

Wright, M.E., et al., Supplemental and dietary vitamin E intakes and risk of prostate cancer in a large prospective study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev, 2007.16(6): p. 1128-35.

Morris, M.C., et al., Relation of the tocopherol forms to incident Alzheimer disease and to cognitive change. Am J Clin Nutr, 2005.81(2): p. 508-14. Odani, S., Isolation and primary structure of a methionine- and cystine-rich seed protein of Cannabis sativa. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 1998.62(4): p. 650-4.

Simopoulos, A.P., Importance of the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 essential fatty acids: evolutionary aspects. World Rev Nutr Diet, 2003. 2: p. 1-22. Lands, W.E., Dietary fat and health: the evidence and the politics of prevention: careful use of dietary fats can improve life and prevent disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2005.1055: p. 179-92.

Hibbein, J.e.a., Healthy intakes ofn-3 and n-6 fatty acids: estimations considering worldwide diversity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Supplement, 2006.83(6): p. 1483-1493. [0052] While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims .

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A food composition comprising whole grains selected from barley, oats, and hemp nuts, and dried fruit selected from cranberries, Saskatoon berries, sour cherries and raisins.

2. A food composition according to claim 1 of 50g wherein the amount of barley is 15g, the amount of oats is 15g, the amount of hemp nuts is lOg, and the amount of dried fruit is lOg.

3. The food composition according to claim 1 further comprising tasty spices, herbs, and honey.

4. The food composition according to claim 1 containing a substantial portion of the ingredients necessary for health in adults and reduced portions of potentially harmful substances, wherein the values are defined in Table 1. and the most important are as follows for a 50G portion,

5. The food composition according to claim 1 wherein the ingredients are present in the following percentage daily amounts (DV%) : calories (9.6%), total fat (8.7%), saturated fat (3.1%), total omega 3 fatty acids (55.7%), gluten (<20 parts per million), protein

(13.6%), cholesterol (0%), dietary fiber (21%), Beta glucans and soluble fiber (84.3%), vitamins -thiamin

(28%) and riboflavin (13.7%), choline (3.2%), iron (20%), magnesium (29.9%), phosphorus (28.3%), potassium (8.3%), sodium 0.1%, zinc 12.8%), copper 21%), manganese (54%) Selenium (18.3%) (variation in these percentages being about 5%) .

6. The food composition according to claim 1 is made from organic ingredients.

7. A food composition according to claim 1, wherein the protein is selected from edestin and albumin.

8. A food composition according to claim 1, further comprising lentils, herbs and honey.

9. A food composition according to claim 1, comprising low levels of sodium.

10. A food composition according to claim 1, comprising organic oats.

11. A food composition according to claim 1

comprising organic rolled barley.