WO2012095776A1 - Silver-containing nanopolymer capsule technology for antimicrobial ventilation systems - Google Patents

Silver-containing nanopolymer capsule technology for antimicrobial ventilation systems Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012095776A1
WO2012095776A1 PCT/IB2012/050084 IB2012050084W WO2012095776A1 WO 2012095776 A1 WO2012095776 A1 WO 2012095776A1 IB 2012050084 W IB2012050084 W IB 2012050084W WO 2012095776 A1 WO2012095776 A1 WO 2012095776A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antimicrobial
flexible
fabric
air duct
silver
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/050084
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Salih Zeki POYRAZ
Original Assignee
Afs Boru Sanayi Anonim Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Afs Boru Sanayi Anonim Sirketi filed Critical Afs Boru Sanayi Anonim Sirketi
Priority to EP12705165.4A priority Critical patent/EP2663184A1/en
Publication of WO2012095776A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012095776A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C09D7/62—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/70—Additives characterised by shape, e.g. fibres, flakes or microspheres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M16/00—Biochemical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. enzymatic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/02—Processes in which the treating agent is releasably affixed or incorporated into a dispensing means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M23/00—Treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, characterised by the process
    • D06M23/08—Processes in which the treating agent is applied in powder or granular form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/20—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation
    • F24F8/24—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by sterilisation using sterilising media
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/08—Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/0218—Flexible soft ducts, e.g. ducts made of permeable textiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F24F13/0281—Multilayer duct
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/082—Grilles, registers or guards
    • F24F13/085—Grilles, registers or guards including an air filter

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to imparting antimicrobial properties to flexible air ducts, flexible connectors, grills and air disc valves used in ventilation systems by means of a silver particles encapsulated in nanopolymer capsule technology.
  • the indoor air quality is more determinative than the outdoor air quality in terms of the health problems referred to above.
  • Microbes and fungi living in indoor places are a source of negative effects both for buildings, and for the humans.
  • the insulation of buildings for reducing energy costs, which has become widespread particularly nowadays, is one of the factors that influences the indoor air quality in a negative manner.
  • the dark and humid parts of ventilation systems provide a suitable living environment for microorganisms, this fact directly affecting the inhaled air quality.
  • antimicrobial ventilation systems and system components have been developed.
  • triclosan-based agent on microorganisms is electrochemical, such that it penetrates through the cell wall and degrades the cell. This causes metabolic substances within the cell to leak through the cell wall and ultimately to cell death. This system works at temperatures below 270°C.
  • Thiabendazole-based antimicrobials are effective against fungi, bring about morphological degradation in spores, and block cell division.
  • OBPA in turn, is an organometallic material and is widely used in the flexible PVC and PU industry. It has a high heat resistance.
  • Isothiazolinone-based agents function by oxidizing cell thiols to which they access.
  • Zinc pyrithione-based agents are widely used in the cosmetics sector; they disrupt the membrane transport processes of bacteria and fungi, and at the same time, depolarize the electro potentials in the membrane of fungi.
  • the silver element is a natural inorganic antimicrobial agent and therefore, it has become popular and preferable over organic-based antimicrobial agents due to its high heat resistance and higher antimicrobial capacity.
  • the prior art techniques may be exemplified with a method of admixing a powder of silver + zeolite into an epoxy coating, and applying this coating on a steel material by means of a cylinder to impart antimicrobial properties to steel materials.
  • the antimicrobial property is integrated through the coextrusion process to coextruded nylon film used as the core of insulated polyester flexible air duct .
  • the European Patent Application EP 2 101 120 A1 relates to antimicrobial air conveying ducts, panels, and joining means.
  • Said air conveying ducts are provided with silver-ion layers on the surfaces thereof contacting the air for hygiene purposes.
  • Air conveying rigid ducts for air conditioning purposes, as well as panels and joining means for these ducts are disclosed in said document, at least one inner surface thereof being made of a metallic or plastic material processed with an antimicrobial silver ion solution and zeolite (sodium aluminum silicate).
  • the solution-paint, containing silver ions in an amount of 0,5% by mass, is applied to the inner surface of rigid ducts.
  • the zeolite is preferably added to the solution, so that it reduces the release rate of and provides a more uniform and balanced release of the silver ions.
  • the silver ions are made to release in many products manufactured with the antimicrobial technologies referred to hereinabove. Apart from these, some scientists currently claim that even the silver ions are effective against microbes and bacteria after they are released, they also impose a threat for those microorganisms present in the nature, both useful and harmful, and causes the death of all microorganisms.
  • Figure 1 Schematic illustration of a nanopolymer capsule containing silver particles.

Abstract

This invention relates to imparting antimicrobial properties to flexible air ducts, flexible connectors, grills and air disc valves used in ventilation systems by means of a silver particles (2) containing nanopolymer capsule (1) technology, and to antimicrobial venting system members obtained as a result of this technology. This polymer capsule (1) is both a safe and healthy antimicrobial, and a powerful antibacterial and antifungal. Furthermore, it functions via a catalytic mechanism and resultantly docs not release the silver ions. This, in turn, eliminates the problem in which silver ions released from venting systems impose a threat against other microorganisms present in the nature and bioaccumulate in the body of living organisms.

Description

SILVER-CONTAINING NANOPOLYMER CAPSULE TECHNOLOGY FOR ANTIMICROBIAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS Technical Field
The present invention relates to imparting antimicrobial properties to flexible air ducts, flexible connectors, grills and air disc valves used in ventilation systems by means of a silver particles encapsulated in nanopolymer capsule technology.
Background Art
The relevant studies have been showing that indoor air pollution results in substantial health problems.
Considering the fact that the people spent roughly 90% of their times in closed indoor areas, it may be stated that the indoor air quality is more determinative than the outdoor air quality in terms of the health problems referred to above. Microbes and fungi living in indoor places are a source of negative effects both for buildings, and for the humans. The insulation of buildings for reducing energy costs, which has become widespread particularly nowadays, is one of the factors that influences the indoor air quality in a negative manner. Additionally, the dark and humid parts of ventilation systems provide a suitable living environment for microorganisms, this fact directly affecting the inhaled air quality. In order to overcome this air quality problematic encountered in indoor places, antimicrobial ventilation systems and system components have been developed.
Accordingly, many substances have been in use based on their antimicrobial properties in the prior art. Such substances are either natural, or synthetic. These may be exemplified with triclosan-based agents, thiabendazole-based agents, OBPA-based agents, zinc pyrithione-based agents, etc.
The effect of a triclosan-based agent on microorganisms is electrochemical, such that it penetrates through the cell wall and degrades the cell. This causes metabolic substances within the cell to leak through the cell wall and ultimately to cell death. This system works at temperatures below 270°C.
Thiabendazole-based antimicrobials are effective against fungi, bring about morphological degradation in spores, and block cell division.
OBPA, in turn, is an organometallic material and is widely used in the flexible PVC and PU industry. It has a high heat resistance.
Isothiazolinone-based agents, on the other hand, function by oxidizing cell thiols to which they access.
Zinc pyrithione-based agents are widely used in the cosmetics sector; they disrupt the membrane transport processes of bacteria and fungi, and at the same time, depolarize the electro potentials in the membrane of fungi.
Apart from these agents, the silver element is a natural inorganic antimicrobial agent and therefore, it has become popular and preferable over organic-based antimicrobial agents due to its high heat resistance and higher antimicrobial capacity.
Whilst silver was used in its ion form in the past, advancements in technology have developed a 'silver + carrier' formula to prolong the effective time of silver's antimicrobial capacity by providing a gradual release of silver ions. This is the most-known and applied method nowadays.
The prior art techniques may be exemplified with a method of admixing a powder of silver + zeolite into an epoxy coating, and applying this coating on a steel material by means of a cylinder to impart antimicrobial properties to steel materials. In another method, the antimicrobial property is integrated through the coextrusion process to coextruded nylon film used as the core of insulated polyester flexible air duct .
The European Patent Application EP 2 101 120 A1 according to the prior art, for instance, relates to antimicrobial air conveying ducts, panels, and joining means. Said air conveying ducts are provided with silver-ion layers on the surfaces thereof contacting the air for hygiene purposes. Air conveying rigid ducts for air conditioning purposes, as well as panels and joining means for these ducts are disclosed in said document, at least one inner surface thereof being made of a metallic or plastic material processed with an antimicrobial silver ion solution and zeolite (sodium aluminum silicate). The solution-paint, containing silver ions in an amount of 0,5% by mass, is applied to the inner surface of rigid ducts. The zeolite is preferably added to the solution, so that it reduces the release rate of and provides a more uniform and balanced release of the silver ions.
The silver ions are made to release in many products manufactured with the antimicrobial technologies referred to hereinabove. Apart from these, some scientists currently claim that even the silver ions are effective against microbes and bacteria after they are released, they also impose a threat for those microorganisms present in the nature, both useful and harmful, and causes the death of all microorganisms.
Additionally, it is also known that silver may bioaccumulate in the body of living organisms. Ventilation systems have been developed to provide a solution of this technical problem, which are produced through a technology, making use of silver-containing nanopolymer (1) capsules. The products obtained with this novel technology do not release silver particles to the environment and therefore are environmentally-friendly and long-lasting.
 Description of Drawings
Figure 1: Schematic illustration of a nanopolymer capsule containing silver particles.
Reference Numbers
1. nanopolymer capsule
2. silver particles

Claims (8)

  1. A flexible air duct, flexible connector, grill and air disc valve for antimicrobial ventilation systems, characterized by comprising
    - ellipsoidal nanopolymer capsules (1), containing nano-sized spherical silver particles (2), having a zero nitrate content, and operating through a catalytic mechanism in which no silver ions are released.
  2. The antimicrobial flexible air duct according to Claim 1, characterized in that
    - it is non-insulated, or is insulated, or is acoustically insulated; and
    - if it is insulated, it comprises an inner flexible air duct, insulation material, and a jacket; and
    - if it is acoustically insulated, it comprises an inner flexible air duct, insulation material, a jacket, and optionally a barrier.
  3. The flexible connector according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is made from
    - PVC-coated polyester fabric,
    - PVC-coated fiber glass fabric,
    - PU-coated fiber glass fabric,
    - neoprene-coated fiber glass fabric,
    - silicone-coated fiber glass fabric,
    - hypalon-coated fiber glass fabric,
    - canvas fabric, and
    from similar materials.
  4. The non-insulated antimicrobial flexible air duct and inner flexible air duct and jacket according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that they are made of different combinations in different successive arrangements, comprised of at least one layer made of aluminum, polyester, metalized polyester, vinyl (PVC), PE, and other types of plastics.
  5. The barrier according to Claim 2, characterized in that it is made of polyester, PE, nonwoven fabric, and other types of plastics.
  6. A process for imparting antimicrobial properties to the members of an antimicrobial ventilation system such as flexible air ducts, flexible connectors, grills, and air disc valves and to the layers of said members, characterized by comprising the steps of
    - imparting the antimicrobial property during the production stage of the product,
    - applying the antimicrobial solution comprising the silver particles (2)-containing nanopolymer capsules (1) to the air-contacting inner surface of the flexible air duct necessarily, and optionally to the entire surfaces thereof, including the jacket, or to only the preferred surfaces thereof.
    - conducting the application by means of smearing or spraying,
    - preferably using an antimicrobial masterbatch in the production of plastic-based flexible air ducts and plastic-based jackets,
    - spraying the antimicrobial material to both surfaces of the coated fabric and to the galvanized sheet of the flexible connector, and optionally preparing a similar masterbatch to be introduced into the paste of the coating material of the fabric of the flexible connector,
    - adding masterbatch to the paste of the plastic used in the grill and air disc valves .
  7. The process according to Claim 6, characterized in that the antimicrobial solution is prepared to include
    - silver particles (2)-containing polymer capsules (1) in a solvent or water,
    - binders, depending on the surface to which application is made, and
    - 0,5 to 2% by mass of silver particles (2).
  8. The process according to Claim 6, characterized in that
    - the antimicrobial masterbatch mixture is prepared by admixing the antimicrobial solution according to Claim 7 into a granular plastic material at a desired proportion; and
    - conducting a drying operation during the mixing of the masterbatch.
PCT/IB2012/050084 2011-01-14 2012-01-09 Silver-containing nanopolymer capsule technology for antimicrobial ventilation systems WO2012095776A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12705165.4A EP2663184A1 (en) 2011-01-14 2012-01-09 Silver-containing nanopolymer capsule technology for antimicrobial ventilation systems

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
TR2011/00393 2011-01-14
TR2011/00393A TR201100393A2 (en) 2011-01-14 2011-01-14 Silver-containing nano-polymer capsule technology for anti-microbial ventilation systems.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012095776A1 true WO2012095776A1 (en) 2012-07-19

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PCT/IB2012/050084 WO2012095776A1 (en) 2011-01-14 2012-01-09 Silver-containing nanopolymer capsule technology for antimicrobial ventilation systems

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP2663184A1 (en)
TR (1) TR201100393A2 (en)
WO (1) WO2012095776A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015136475A1 (en) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Szymanski Zygmunt Bactericidal nanopreparation
WO2022203621A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 Isil Muhendislik Makina Ve Insaat Sanayi Ticaret A. S Air duct with antibacterial and antivirus features

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040110396A (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-31 주식회사 대우일렉트로닉스 Discharge gate of indoor machine for air conditioner with nano silver
KR20050073763A (en) * 2004-01-10 2005-07-18 삼성전자주식회사 Air conditioner
EP2101120A1 (en) 2008-03-10 2009-09-16 Giuseppe Librizzi Duct, panel and joining means for duct for conveying air with antimicrobial properties
DE202008012442U1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-02-11 Rst-Ruttkies System Technik E.K. climatic chamber

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20040110396A (en) * 2003-06-19 2004-12-31 주식회사 대우일렉트로닉스 Discharge gate of indoor machine for air conditioner with nano silver
KR20050073763A (en) * 2004-01-10 2005-07-18 삼성전자주식회사 Air conditioner
EP2101120A1 (en) 2008-03-10 2009-09-16 Giuseppe Librizzi Duct, panel and joining means for duct for conveying air with antimicrobial properties
DE202008012442U1 (en) * 2008-09-18 2010-02-11 Rst-Ruttkies System Technik E.K. climatic chamber

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200531, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2005-302534, XP002677041 *
DATABASE WPI Week 200648, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2006-469405, XP002677040 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015136475A1 (en) * 2014-03-13 2015-09-17 Szymanski Zygmunt Bactericidal nanopreparation
WO2022203621A1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 Isil Muhendislik Makina Ve Insaat Sanayi Ticaret A. S Air duct with antibacterial and antivirus features

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2663184A1 (en) 2013-11-20
TR201100393A2 (en) 2011-09-21

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