WO2012094838A1 - 木质素磺酸盐的用途及其药物组合物 - Google Patents
木质素磺酸盐的用途及其药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012094838A1 WO2012094838A1 PCT/CN2011/070730 CN2011070730W WO2012094838A1 WO 2012094838 A1 WO2012094838 A1 WO 2012094838A1 CN 2011070730 W CN2011070730 W CN 2011070730W WO 2012094838 A1 WO2012094838 A1 WO 2012094838A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/74—Synthetic polymeric materials
- A61K31/795—Polymers containing sulfur
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/12—Antivirals
- A61P31/14—Antivirals for RNA viruses
- A61P31/18—Antivirals for RNA viruses for HIV
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of lignosulfonate, and to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a lignosulfonate as an active ingredient.
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- microbicide blocking HIV infection is: 1) enhance the vaginal natural epidemic prevention function by maintaining the vaginal P H value; 2) non-specifically lysing the virus case or outer shell; 3) specifically blocking the binding of the virus to the host cell, Thereby preventing the virus from entering the target cells; 4) inhibiting the replication of the virus within or between the cells, making it impossible to form mature virus particles.
- the active substance that directly kills HIV is mainly a surfactant.
- Nonoxynol-9 N-9
- N-9 destroys sperm membrane and viral envelope, and its cytotoxicity causes mucosal damage of the vagina and cervix, which in turn increases the risk of HIV transmission and infection (Shattock R et al., Lancet, 2004.363). :1002-1004).
- Another type of active material that has received extensive attention is an anionic polymeric compound that blocks the adsorption of the virus to target cells by non-specific interference, thereby blocking the entry of the virus into the target cells to establish an effective infection.
- PRO 2000 naphthalenesulfonic acid polymer
- CS/UshercellTM cellulose sulfate
- CarraguardTM carbrageenan
- PRO 2000 is a water-soluble gel containing a naphthalenesulfonic acid polymer. In addition to its anti-HIV activity, it also has anti-HIV activity against other sexually transmitted diseases (Karim et al., FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY 2010, 5 (4) : 527-529 ).
- CS/UshercellTM cellulose sulfate
- CarraguardTM a type of sulphuric acid polysaccharide extracted from seaweed. Its similar products have long been used in foods with high safety (Howeet MK et al, Current Pharmceutical Design, 2005, 11: 3731-3746).
- Invasion of target cells by HIV-1 is a specific biological process that requires the envelope protein gpl20 on the surface of the virus to bind to the cellular receptor CD4, induce a change in the conformation of gP 120, and then bind to the cell surface co-receptor CCR5 or CXCR4.
- the conformational change of the fusion protein gp41 originally blocked by g P 120 is exposed, and the hydrophobic N-terminal fusion peptide sequence is exposed and inserted into the host cell membrane, thereby initiating fusion of the viral membrane with the cell membrane, and finally causing the viral core structure to enter the cell.
- Establish an infection A number of inhibitors have been developed for this biological process, such as Maraviroc, an inhibitor of the helper receptor.
- the inhibitor T20 which has been approved by the US FDA, trade name enfuvirtide
- the C52L polypeptide for the fusion process are also promising candidates for microbicides.
- Lignosulfonate is a by-product of the sulfite process paper pulp and is a linear polymer compound. It is an anionic surfactant, a brownish yellow powder. It has good diffusibility, is easily soluble in water, and is soluble in aqueous solutions of different pH values. Lignosulfonates have a wide range of applications in the industry, but they are rarely used in the medical and health fields, especially as antiviral drugs. Summary of the invention
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a use of a lignosulfonate for the preparation of a medicament for inhibiting HIV-1 infection;
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a pharmaceutical composition for inhibiting HIV-1 containing a lignosulfonate as an active ingredient, which pharmaceutical composition further contains a conventional pharmaceutical carrier.
- the pharmaceutical composition is formulated as an injection, a tablet, a capsule, an aerosol, a suppository, a film, a pill, a topical tincture, or a controlled release or sustained release dosage form or a nano preparation.
- the lignosulfonate has strong anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro, and its mechanism of action is mainly to block the binding of HIV-1 virus to target cells, thereby blocking its infection.
- lignin sulfonate has obvious inhibitory effects on CD4-dependent and non-dependent HIV-1 infection.
- cell fusion assay results indicate that lignosulfonate has a role in inhibiting the HIV-1 viral envelope protein-mediated fusion process.
- cytotoxicity tests have shown that it is substantially non-toxic to cells at effective antiviral concentrations. Lignosulfonate is abundant in source and low in production cost, and can be used as a new type of potential anti-HIV-1 drug and microbicide.
- Figure 1 is a graph showing that lignosulfonate inhibits HIV-1 infection of CD4 + CCR5 + CXCR4 + GHOST X4/R5 cells;
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing inhibition of HIV-1 on CD4-Caco-2 cell infection by lignosulfonate
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing inhibition of HIV-1 on CD4-C33A cell infection by lignosulfonate
- Figure 4 shows the inhibition of lignosulfonate HIV-1 infection GHOST X4 / R5 cells, CD4- Caco-2 cells, CD4- C33A cells EC 5. value;
- Figure 5 is a graph showing the toxicity of lignosulfonate to various human cell lines
- Figure 6 shows the half-toxic concentration TC 5 of lignosulfonate to various human cell lines.
- Figure 7 is a graph showing the time inhibition of HIV-1 infection by lignosulfonate (LSA), dextran sulfate (Dextran sulfate), zidovudine (AZT), and nevirapine;
- Figure 8 is a diagram showing the appearance of lignosulfonate inhibiting HIV-1 viral envelope protein-mediated cell fusion at various concentrations
- Figure 9 is a bar graph showing the inhibition of HIV-1 viral envelope protein-mediated cell fusion by lignosulfonate at various concentrations. detailed description
- LSA 1 lignin sulfonate sodium
- PEI linear, 25kD
- 1 pseudo-virus system HAV-l pseudotype virus
- Pseudovirus backbone plasmid P NL4-3, constructed with luciferase reporter gene, bow
- HIV-l B subtype standard strain JR-FL, HXB2;
- HIV-1 clinical isolates CNE6 (B, subtype), CNE30 (B, C subtype), CNE50 ( ⁇ ' C subtype), and CNE55 (CRF01-AE subtype), all isolated from Chinese HIV-infected individuals , including the major HIV-1 epidemic subtypes in China;
- t-GloTM luciferase assay system was purchased from Promega; human osteosarcoma cell line GHOST X4/R5, expressing CD4 receptor, CCR5 and CXCR4 helper receptor;
- Human colon cancer epithelial cell Caco-2 does not express CD4 receptor
- Human cervical cancer epithelial cell C33A does not express CD4 receptor
- Human T cell line leukemia cell MT-2 expressing T cell surface receptor CD4, was used to detect HIV-1 induced cell fusion;
- the hamster ovary cell CH0-WT expresses the HIV-1 envelope protein g P 120 and is used to detect HIV-1 induced cell fusion;
- Human embryonic kidney cell 293T used for packaging to generate HIV-1 pseudovirions
- Pore fluorescence detection plate Costar;
- the test drug was diluted 3-fold (starting concentration 30 ug/ml for a total of 6 dilutions) and 200 TCID 5 was added to each well.
- Infected doses of pseudovirus solution and test cells at a density of 10 5 cells/ml, 2 replicate wells per dilution, 6 negative control wells (only test cells added) and 6 positive control wells per test (only Add virus and test cells).
- RLU relative fluorescence of each well
- EC 5 . the drug half-inhibitory concentration
- the drug concentration was converted to the lg concentration value, and the average RLU of each concentration sample well was calculated.
- Inhibition rate sex hole average RLU - negative hole average RLU
- test cells were seeded in 96-well plates at 100 ul per well at a density of 10 5 Ce lls/ml. 100 ul of the test drug at each concentration of 5 times dilution was added, and 4 replicate wells were set for each concentration, for a total of 8 concentration gradients. After 48 hours of incubation, add 100 ⁇ l of MTT (5 mg/ml) for 4 hours, and discard the supernatant. After adding lOOul DMSO, after dissolving for 0.5 hour, the absorption value of 0D 562 nm was measured, and the Reed-Mench method was used to calculate TC 5 . .
- GHOST X4/R5 cells were first seeded in 96-well plates at 100 ul per well at a density of 10 5 cells/ml. Then add 200 TCID 5 per well. Infected dose of pseudovirus solution. Add the test drug and medium (positive control) at different time points (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 24 hours) after adding the virus, and set 3 at each time point. Double hole. Drug concentration: Dextran sulfate 100 ug/ml, AZT 2 ug/ml, nevirapine 2 ug/ml, LSA 30 ug/ml. After 48 hours, the relative fluorescence of each well (RLU) using Bright- Glo TM luciferase assay system reagent.
- the average RLU of the positive control at each time point was set to 100%, and the ratio of the average RLU of the test drug wells at different time points to the same was calculated, that is, the relative infection percentage was obtained.
- the time-inhibition curve of the test drug was made according to the relative infection percentage of the test drug at different time points.
- the use of a pseudovirus system to detect lignin sulfonate inhibits HIV-1 clinical isolates from GHOST X4/R5 cells expressing CD4 receptor, CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors, HIV-1 clinical isolate
- the strains include CNE6 (B, subtype, R5 tropism), CNE30 (B, C subtype, R5 tropism), CNE50 ( ⁇ ' C subtype, R5 tropism) and CNE55 (CRF01-AE subtype, R5
- the tropism was found to have a significant inhibitory effect with inhibition EC50 of 0.72 ⁇ g/ml, 5.05 ⁇ g/mU 2.88 ⁇ g/ml and 2.71 ⁇ g/ml, respectively, as shown in Fig.
- lignosulfonate has strong anti-HIV-1 activity in vitro, and its mechanism is mainly to block the binding of HIV-1 virus to target cells, thereby blocking its infection.
- lignin sulfonate has obvious inhibitory effects.
- the results of cell fusion experiments indicate that lignosulfonate has an inhibitory effect on the HIV-1 viral envelope protein-mediated fusion process.
- cytotoxicity tests have shown that it is substantially non-toxic to cells at effective antiviral concentrations. Lignosulfonate is abundant in source and low in production cost, and can be used as a new potential anti-HIV-1 drug and microbicide.
- a lignosulfonate is used as an active ingredient, and a conventional pharmaceutical carrier is added.
- the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated as an injection, a tablet, a capsule, an aerosol, a suppository, a film, a pill, a topical tanning agent, or a controlled release or sustained release dosage form or a nano preparation.
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Abstract
本发明公开了木质素磺酸盐的用途及其药物组合物,其中木质素磺酸盐在体外具有较强的抗HIV-1的活性,其作用机制主要是阻断HIV-1病毒与靶细胞结合,从而阻断其感染。同时对于CD4依赖与非依赖型的HIV-1感染,木质素磺酸盐都有明显的抑制效果。另外,细胞融合实验结果表明木质素磺酸盐具有抑制HIV-1病毒包膜蛋白介导的融合过程的作用。最后,细胞毒性试验表明其在有效抗病毒浓度下对细胞基本无毒性。木质素磺酸盐来源丰富,生产成本低廉,可以作为一种新型潜在抗HIV-1药物及杀微生物剂得到应用。
Description
说明书 发明名称: 木质素磺酸盐的用途及其药物组合物 技术领域
本发明涉及木质素磺酸盐的用途, 还涉及含有木质素磺酸盐作为有效成分 的药物组合物。 背景技术
自 1981年艾滋病(AIDS )首次被发现至今,全球死于这种疾病的人已逾 2500 万。 艾滋病是感染人免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)引起的。 2009年 UNAIDS数据显示, 截 至到 2008年, 全球 HIV感染者已超过 3340万, 2008年全球新增感染者人数为 270万。 在世界范围内, 性传播是艾滋病主要的传播途径, 性病的流行是艾滋病 流行的潜在危险因素。 虽然艾滋病疫苗是预防和控制 HIV 最有效的方式, 但到 目前为止, 人类仍然没有研制出能有效阻断艾滋病传播的疫苗。 目前预防 HIV 性传播的措施主要是宣传教育, 普及艾滋病以及其它性传播疾病的知识, 推广 安全套的使用, 建立正确的性行为方式。 实践证明使用安全套是有效的防止 HIV 性传播的措施, 但由于文化、 宗教、 习俗、 经济和男性排斥等诸多因素, 安全 套的使用率仍然很低; 其次市场上主要是男用安全套, 女性没有自主权。 目前 高效抗逆转录病毒疗法 (HAART ) 既鸡尾酒疗法作为艾滋病患者药物治疗的标准 方案, 大大改变了艾滋病毒治疗景观。 尽管各类抗 HIV 药物的出现显著延长了 艾滋病患者的生命, 但是还不能预防和完全治愈艾滋病, 易出现抗药株, 且抗 HIV药物价格很高和在治疗过程中具有严重的毒副作用。
目前在世界范围内, 女性感染人数稳定增长, 已达到 1570万, 占总感染人 数的 47%。 在异性性行为中, 女性感染 HIV 的机率是男性的 2~4倍, 其中年轻 女性已经成为主要的感染人群。 流行病学研究证明, 女性生殖器官的生理结构 决定了女性较男性对艾滋病易感。 为使女性具有自主使用预防功能的新技术来 保护自己免受感染, 杀微生物剂 (mi crob i c i de ) 的研究开发已被联合国艾滋病 规划署(UNAIDS)和世界卫生组织(WHO)定为全球优先发展的策略, 也是国际社会 在艾滋病预防方面投入仅次于艾滋病疫苗的领域。 研发有效、 价格低廉、 使用 方便的抗病毒杀微生物剂对全球的 HIV/STDs的预防具有重要意义。 统计学模拟
表明,一个有效性达 60%的杀微生物剂每年可在世界范围内减少一百多万艾滋病 新感染者。
随着杀微生物剂研究得到日益重视, 不同种类的抗 HIV 感染的药物或化合 物都应用于杀微生物剂的研究与开发。 截止 2009年 10月, 已进入临床评价的 候选杀微生物剂共有 36 种, 其中正在进行临床评价的候选杀微生物剂共有 21 种。 杀微生物剂阻断 HIV感染的机制主要为: 1)通过维持阴道 PH值, 增强阴道 天然防疫功能; 2)非专一裂解病毒表壳或外壳; 3)特异阻断病毒与宿主细胞结 合, 从而阻止病毒进入靶细胞; 4)抑制病毒在细胞内或细胞间的复制, 使其不 能形成成熟病毒颗粒。 通过非专一性破坏病毒外壳, 直接杀灭 HIV 的活性物质 主要是表面活性剂。 其中最具代表性的是已完成临床试验的壬苯醇醚 (Nonoxynol-9, N-9)。 研究表明 N-9在破坏精子脂膜和病毒包膜的同时, 由于 其细胞毒性造成了阴道和子宫颈的粘膜层损伤, 反而会相应增加艾滋病的传播 及感染的危险 (Shattock R等, Lancet, 2004.363:1002-1004)。 另一类受到广 泛关注的活性物质是阴离子多聚化合物, 其通过非专一性干扰作用, 阻止病毒 吸附到靶细胞上, 从而阻断病毒进入靶细胞建立有效感染。 其中进入临床试验 或已完成临床试验的产品有, PRO 2000 (萘磺酸聚合物)、 CS/UshercellTM (硫 酸纤维素) 和 Carraguard™ (角叉菜胶)。 PRO 2000 为一种含有萘磺酸聚合物 的水溶性凝胶, 除具有抗 HIV 活性外, 同时也具有抗其它性传播疾病病原体的 体夕卜活性 ( Karim 等, FUTURE MICROBIOLOGY 2010, 5 (4): 527-529 )。
CS/UshercellTM (硫酸纤维素) 作为一种磺化聚阴离子化合物同样具有抗 HIV 等性传播疾病病原体的体外活性, 但其 3 期临床试验研究失败, 原因是试验组 的 HIV 感染率比安慰剂组的高 ( Van Damme L 等, N Engl J Med 2008, 359:463-472)。 Carraguard™ 主要成分是角叉菜胶, 一种从由海藻中提取的硫 酸多糖。 其同类产品早已应用于食品, 其安全性较高 (Howeet MK等, Current Pharmceutical Design, 2005, 11:3731-3746)。
HIV-1侵入靶细胞是一个特异性的生物学过程,其需要病毒表面的包膜蛋白 gpl20与细胞受体 CD4结合, 诱导 gP120构象发生改变, 继而与细胞表面的辅助 受体 CCR5或 CXCR4结合, 使得原先被 gP120遮蔽的融合蛋白 gp41发生构象变 化, 曝露出其疏水的 N-末端融合肽序列并插入宿主细胞膜, 从而启动病毒毒膜 与细胞膜的融合, 最终导致病毒核心结构进入细胞, 建立感染。 针对这一生物 学过程, 已有多种抑制剂被开发出来, 例如针对辅助受体的抑制剂 Maraviroc
与 PSC- RANTES , 另外针对融合过程的抑制剂 T20 (已被美国 FDA批准上市, 商 品名恩夫韦定) 与 C52L多肽也是很有希望的杀微生物剂候选药物。
发现新的具有抑制 HIV 感染作用的化合物或天然产物, 对于开发有效预防 HIV传播的杀微生物剂具有重要意义。 寻找创新性的先导化合物, 继而开发出有 效阻止 HIV感染的新型杀微生物剂或药物, 是本发明的目的。
木质素磺酸盐是亚硫酸盐法造纸木浆的副产品, 为线性高分子化合物。 其 属于阴离子表面活性剂, 棕黄色粉末。 具有良好的扩散性, 易溶于水, 可溶于 不同 pH值的水溶液中。 木质素磺酸盐在工业中具有广泛的应用, 但鲜有在医药 卫生领域的应用, 尤其是作为抗病毒药物的报道。 发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供木质素磺酸盐的应用, 用于制备抑制 HIV-1 感 染的药物;
本发明的第二个目的是提供含有木质素磺酸盐作为有效成分的抑制 HIV- 1 的药物组合物, 该药物组合物还含有常规药用载体。
该药物组合物制成注射剂、 片剂、 胶囊剂、 气雾剂、 栓剂、 膜剂、 滴丸剂、 外用搽剂, 或控释或缓释剂型或纳米制剂。
本发明与现有技术相比具有下列优点: 木质素磺酸盐在体外具有较强的抗 HIV-1的活性, 其作用机制主要是阻断 HIV-1病毒与靶细胞结合, 从而阻断其感 染。 同时对于 CD4依赖与非依赖型的 HIV-1 感染, 木质素磺酸盐都有明显的抑 制效果。 另外, 细胞融合实验结果表明木质素磺酸盐具有抑制 HIV-1 病毒包膜 蛋白介导的融合过程的作用。 最后, 细胞毒性试验表明其在有效抗病毒浓度下 对细胞基本无毒性。 木质素磺酸盐来源丰富, 生产成本低廉, 可以作为一种新 型潜在抗 HIV-1药物及杀微生物剂得到应用。
附图说明
附图 1为木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1对 CD4+ CCR5+ CXCR4+ GHOST X4/R5细 胞感染的曲线图;
附图 2为木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1对 CD4— Caco-2细胞感染的曲线图; 附图 3为木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1对 CD4— C33A细胞感染的曲线图;
附图 4显示了木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1感染 GHOST X4/R5细胞、 CD4— Caco-2 细胞、 CD4— C33A细胞的 EC5。值;
附图 5为木质素磺酸盐对多种人细胞株产生毒性的曲线图;
附图 6显示了木质素磺酸盐对多种人细胞株的半数毒性浓度 TC5。值; 附图 7为木质素磺酸盐(LSA)、硫酸葡聚糖(Dextran sulfate), 齐多夫 定 (AZT)、 奈韦拉平 (nevirapine) 对 HIV-1感染的时间抑制曲线图;
附图 8为木质素磺酸盐在不同浓度下抑制 HIV-1病毒包膜蛋白介导的细胞 融合的外观图;
附图 9为木质素磺酸盐在不同浓度下抑制 HIV-1病毒包膜蛋白介导的细胞 融合的柱状统计图。 具体实施方式
下面结合显示实验结果的附图来进一步阐述本发明。
实验材料
1 木质素磺酸钠 (lignin sulfonate sodium, LSA), 购自 SIGMA公司
-.2 阳性对照样品: 硫酸葡聚糖 (Dextran sulfate), 齐多夫定 (AZT), 奈 韦拉平 (nevirapine) 均购自 SIGMA公司;
-.3 MTT, 购自 SIGMA公司, 使用时用 PBS配制成 5 mg/ml的溶液;
..4 DMS0, 购自 SIGMA公司;
..5 PEI ( linear, 25kD), 购自 Polyscience公司, 使用时配制成 5 mg/ml 的溶液;
1假病毒系统 (HIV-l pseudotype virus)
假病毒骨架质粒: PNL4-3, 构建有萤光素酶报告基因 (luciferase reporter gene ), 弓 |自美国 Rockf el ler university;
源自不同 HIV-l亚型基因序列的假病毒包膜质粒, 引自清华大学艾 滋病研究中心;
HIV-l B亚型标准毒株: JR-FL, HXB2;
HIV- 1临床分离毒株: CNE6 (B, 亚型)、 CNE30 (B, C亚型)、 CNE50 (Β' C亚型)和 CNE55 (CRF01-AE亚型), 均分离自中国艾滋病感染 者, 包括了中国主要的 HIV-1流行亚型;
t-Glo™ luciferase assay system 购自 Promega公司; 人骨肉瘤细胞系 GHOST X4/R5, 表达 CD4受体, CCR5与 CXCR4辅 助受体;
人阴道上皮细胞 VK2;
人结肠癌上皮细胞 Caco-2, 不表达 CD4受体;
人宫颈癌上皮细胞 C33A, 不表达 CD4受体;
人 T细胞系白血病细胞 MT-2, 表达 T细胞表面受体 CD4, 用于检 测 HIV-1诱导的细胞融合作用;
仓鼠卵巢细胞 CH0-WT,表达 HIV-1包膜蛋白 gP120,用于检测 HIV-1 诱导的细胞融合作用;
人胚胎肾细胞 293T, 用于包装生成 HIV-1假病毒颗粒;
养液: DMEM high glucose +10%胎牛血清;
细胞培养板: Corning;
细胞培养板: Corning;
孔荧光检测板: Costar;
Max 96孔化学发光酶标仪;
inite 200 酶标仪;
rmo C02培养箱。
病毒颗粒在人胚胎肾细胞 293T细胞内的包装
使用 PEI转染试剂, 将 HIV-1假病毒骨架质粒 pNL4-3和不同的假病毒 包膜质粒共转染至 293T细胞, 培养 48小时后收集上清, 分装冻存于 -75°C, 即获得假病毒液用于后续实验。 萤光素酶法测定假病毒的感染性滴度 (TCID5。)
测定假病毒感染性滴度时, 先梯度稀释病毒收获液, 取 lOO ul加入 96 孔板, 每个梯度 4个复孔, 再加入 lOOul GHOST X4/R5细胞悬液, 细胞密度 105 cells/ml。 培养 48小时后, 利用 Bright- GloTM luciferase assay system 试剂测定每孔的相对荧光值(RLU), RLU大于 2.5倍的背景值, 判定为阳性, 采用 Reed-Muench方法计算假病毒的感染性滴度 (TCID5。)。 萤光素酶法测定药物的半数抑制病毒活性 (EC5。)
对受试药物进行 3倍梯度稀释(起始浓度 30ug/ml,共进行 6个稀释度), 每孔加入 200 TCID5。感染剂量的假病毒液和 105 cells/ml密度的测试细胞, 每个稀释度设置 2个重复孔, 每次测试设置 6个阴性对照孔 (只加入测试细 胞) 与 6 个阳性对照孔 (只加病毒与测试细胞)。 培养 48 小时后, 利用 Bright- GloTM luciferase assay system试剂测定每孔的相对荧光值 (RLU)。 计算药物半数抑制浓度 (EC5。) 时, 将药物浓度转化为 lg浓度值, 并计算每 个浓度样品孔的平均 RLU。 抑制率计算公式: r 加药孔平均 RLU -阴性孔平均 RLL)
X 100%
抑制率 = 性孔乎均 RLU -阴性孔乎均 RLU
〜
EC5。计算使用 GraphPad Prism 2.0软件, 采用非线性回归分析中四参数 S型 剂量方程, 分析每种药物的 EC5。值及药物抑制曲线。 MTT法测定药物对细胞的半数毒性浓度 (TC5。)
将受试细胞接种于 96孔板, 每孔 100ul, 密度 105 Cells/ml。 分别加入 5倍稀释的各浓度的受试药物 100 ul, 每个浓度设置 4个重复孔, 共 8个浓 度梯度。 培养 48小时后加入 lOOul MTT (5 mg/ml) 孵育 4小时, 吸弃上清,
加入 lOOul DMSO, 溶解 0.5小时后, 测定 0D562nm吸收值, Reed- Muench方法 计算 TC5。。
2.5萤光素酶法确定药物抑制病毒的作用机制
先将 GHOST X4/R5细胞接种于 96孔板, 每孔 100ul, 密度 105 cells/ml。 然后每孔加入 200 TCID5。感染剂量的假病毒液。在加入病毒后不同时间点(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 12, 24小时)加入受试药物与培养基(阳性对照), 每个时间点设置 3个复孔。 药物浓度: Dextran sulfate 100 ug/ml, AZT 2 ug/ml, nevirapine 2 ug/ml, LSA 30 ug/ml。培养 48小时后,利用 Bright- GloTM luciferase assay system试剂测定每孔的相对荧光值 (RLU)。 将每个时间 点的阳性对照的平均 RLU设定为 100%,计算不同时间点的受试药物孔的平均 RLU 与其的比值, 即得到相对感染百分数。 根据不同时间点上受试药物的相 对感染百分数作出受试药物时间抑制曲线。
2.6 CH0- WT—MT-2共培养融合抑制实验
将 3X105 的 CH0-WT和 MT-2共同接种于 24孔板中, 加入不同浓度的 LSA (30, 10, 3.3, 1.1, 0.37, 0 ug/ml), 培养过夜后, 镜检合胞体形成并计 /
数。
.实验结果
3.1 在图 1 中, 利用假病毒系统检测木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1 B亚型标准毒株 JR-FL (R5嗜性) 和 HXB2 (X4嗜性) 对表达 CD4受体、 CCR5与 CXCR4辅助受体 的 GHOST X4/R5细胞的感染,发现其具有明显的抑制效果,抑制 EC5。分别为 1.44 μ g/ml和 3.31 μ g/ml, 如图 4所示。
3.2 在图 1 中, 利用假病毒系统检测木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1 临床分离毒株对 表达 CD4受体、 CCR5与 CXCR4辅助受体的 GHOST X4/R5细胞的感染, HIV- 1 临 床分离毒株包括 CNE6 (B, 亚型, R5嗜性)、 CNE30 (B, C亚型, R5嗜性)、 CNE50 (Β' C亚型, R5嗜性) 和 CNE55 (CRF01-AE亚型, R5嗜性), 发现其具有明显 的抑制效果, 抑制 EC50分别为 0.72μ g/ml、 5.05 μ g/mU 2.88 μ g/ml和 2.71 μ g/ml, 如图 4所示。
3. 3在图 2和 3中,利用假病毒系统检测木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1标准毒株 JR-FL 和 HXB2以及多个 HIV-1临床分离毒株对不表达 CD4受体的 Caco-2和 C33A细胞 的感染, 发现其具有一定的抑制效果, 相应的 EC5。见图 4。
3. 4利用 MTT法检测木质素磺酸盐对多个人细胞株的毒性,发现其在有效抗病毒 浓度下对细胞基本无毒性, 如图 5 所示, 对人阴道上皮细胞 (VK2 )、 人结肠癌 上皮细胞(Caco-2 )、人宫颈癌上皮细胞(C33A)、人 T细胞系白血病细胞( MT-2 ) 和人骨肉瘤细胞(GHOST X4/R5 )的 TC5。值分别为 690. 45 μ g/ml、 1 147. 23 μ g/ml、 420. 78 μ g/ml 、 308. 64 μ g/ml和 726. 34 μ g/ml, 如图 6所示。
3. 5 利用假病毒系统确定木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV- 1感染 GHOST X4/R5细胞的作 用方式和原理,在图 7中,比较受试药物时间抑制曲线,发现木质素磺酸盐(LSA ) 与硫酸葡聚糖 (Dextran sulfate ) 的曲线走向相似, 可以推测木质素磺酸盐的 作用方式与硫酸葡聚糖相似, 是通过阻止 HIV- 1 病毒进入细胞来实现抑制病毒 的。
3. 6利用 CH0-WT— MT-2共培养融合检测木质素磺酸盐抑制 gP 120和 CD4介导的 细胞融合效果, 发现木质素磺酸盐能有效抑制 CH0-WT与 MT-2细胞的融合, 如 图 8和 9所示, 从木质素磺酸盐抑制 HIV-1病毒包膜蛋白介导的融合过程, 进 一步说明木质素磺酸盐是阻止 HIV- 1病毒进入细胞来实现抑制病毒的。
我们的研究表明, 木质素磺酸盐在体外具有很强的抗 HIV-1的活性, 其作 用机制主要是阻断 HIV- 1病毒与靶细胞结合, 从而阻断其感染。 同时对于 CD4 依赖与非依赖型的 HIV- 1感染, 木质素磺酸盐都有明显的抑制效果。 另外, 细 胞融合实验结果表明木质素磺酸盐具有抑制 HIV-1病毒包膜蛋白介导的融合过 程的作用。 最后, 细胞毒性试验表明其在有效抗病毒浓度下对细胞基本无毒性。 木质素磺酸盐来源丰富, 生产成本低廉, 可以作为一种新型潜在抗 HIV- 1药物 及杀微生物剂得到应用。
在制备抑制 HIV-1感染的药物组合物时, 将木质素磺酸盐作为有效成分, 并 加上常规的药用载体。 该药物组合物可制成注射剂、 片剂、 胶囊剂、 气雾剂、 栓剂、 膜剂、 滴丸剂、 外用搽剂, 或控释或缓释剂型或纳米制剂。
Claims
1、 木质素磺酸盐在制备抑制 HIV-1感染的药物中的应用。
2、 药物组合物, 其中含有木质素磺酸盐作为有效成分, 并含有常规药用载 体。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的药物组合物, 制成注射剂、 片剂、 胶囊剂、 气雾剂、 栓剂、 膜剂、 滴丸剂、 外用搽剂, 或控释或缓释剂型或纳米制剂。
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| WO2022187948A1 (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-15 | Attenubiotics Inc. | Method and use of compositions comprising lignosulfonate for attenuation of sars-cov-2 virus replication |
| US12042512B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2024-07-23 | Attenubiotics Inc. | Method and use of compositions comprising lignosulfonate and substantially free of elemental sulphur for pathogenic attenuation |
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| JP2000191520A (ja) * | 1998-12-31 | 2000-07-11 | Kazuo Sakuma | 抗微生物剤 |
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| US12042512B2 (en) | 2018-07-26 | 2024-07-23 | Attenubiotics Inc. | Method and use of compositions comprising lignosulfonate and substantially free of elemental sulphur for pathogenic attenuation |
| WO2022187948A1 (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2022-09-15 | Attenubiotics Inc. | Method and use of compositions comprising lignosulfonate for attenuation of sars-cov-2 virus replication |
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