WO2012088971A1 - 一种下行波束赋形方法、装置及基站 - Google Patents

一种下行波束赋形方法、装置及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012088971A1
WO2012088971A1 PCT/CN2011/082581 CN2011082581W WO2012088971A1 WO 2012088971 A1 WO2012088971 A1 WO 2012088971A1 CN 2011082581 W CN2011082581 W CN 2011082581W WO 2012088971 A1 WO2012088971 A1 WO 2012088971A1
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Prior art keywords
terminal
list
downlink
type
cinr
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PCT/CN2011/082581
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘敏
刘广
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2012088971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012088971A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Beam-forming (BF) technique, and in particular, to a method, a device and a base station for downlink beamforming.
  • BF Beam-forming
  • Beam-Forming is a multi-antenna transmission technology for antenna arrays with small spacing.
  • the main principle is to generate strong directional radiation patterns by using the strong correlation of spatial channels and the interference principle of waves.
  • the main lobe of the pattern adaptively points to the user's incoming wave direction, thereby increasing the signal-to-noise ratio and increasing system capacity or coverage.
  • Beamforming is equivalent to forming a set of high-gain antenna arrays that track the user for each user, using the beam of the multi-antenna array to maximize the signal at the user's location. As shown in Figure 1.
  • the antenna has a certain antenna gain within a certain coverage.
  • the gain in one direction may be greater than the gain in the other direction.
  • the pattern of the array is defined as the array output when the array input is a plane wave (usually only Consider the relationship between the output amplitude or power) and the plane incident angle.
  • Beamforming Although the pattern of the array antenna is omnidirectional, the output of the array is weighted and summed, so that the direction gain of the array is concentrated in one direction, which is equivalent to forming a beam. This process of weighting and combining signals from different array elements is beamforming, as shown in Figure 2. Its mathematical model can be described as follows:
  • the weight vector of the antenna array can control the antenna array.
  • the pattern of the columns is shaped to form beams that are pointing differently.
  • the weighting factor can be optimally adjusted according to the adaptive algorithm to match the current transmission environment.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a downlink beamforming method, device and base station, which can save uplink bandwidth and improve system throughput.
  • a downlink beamforming (BF) method which includes:
  • the first type of terminal that satisfies the following conditions is selected from the first list: the downlink carrier to interference and noise ratio (CINR) is greater than the BF exit threshold and the BF gain of the terminal is less than a predetermined threshold; the first list is used to record the currently enabled BF Identification information of the terminal;
  • CINR downlink carrier to interference and noise ratio
  • a second type of terminal that meets the following conditions is selected from the second list: the terminal list does not belong to the first list, and the terminal downlink CINR is less than the BF entry threshold; and the second list is used to record the identification information of the terminal with the BF capability;
  • An uplink weight estimation resource is allocated for the second type of terminal, a downlink BF is enabled, and the second type terminal is added to the first list.
  • the signal strength indication (RSSI) enters the threshold; the BF entry threshold is the downlink CINR entry threshold or the RSSI entry threshold corresponding to the modulation coding mode M2; where the coding rate of M1 is greater than M2.
  • the downlink CINR is an average downlink CINR of a period of time counted by the base station.
  • the number of terminals in the first list is determined by an uplink weight estimation resource.
  • the method further includes: determining, when the BF-capable terminal accesses the network, whether there is a free bit in the first list, and if yes, assigning a weight estimation resource to the terminal, and targeting the terminal Start BF.
  • the method is implemented by a base station having four or more antennas.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for performing downlink beamforming (BF), including a first screening module, a second screening module, a stopping BF module, and an opening BF module, wherein:
  • the first screening module is configured to: screen, from the first list, a first type of terminal that meets the following conditions: a downlink carrier to interference and noise ratio (CINR) is greater than a BF exit threshold and a BF gain of the terminal is less than a predetermined threshold;
  • the first list is used to record the identification information of the BF-enabled terminal;
  • the stop BF module is configured to: reclaim the uplink weight estimation resource of the first type terminal, stop the downlink BF of the first type terminal, and The first type of terminal is deleted from the first list;
  • the second screening module is configured to: select, from the second list, a second type of terminal that meets the following conditions: does not belong to the first list, and the downlink CINR of the terminal is less than a BF entry threshold; and the second list is used for recording the BF capability. Identification information of the terminal;
  • the enabling BF module is configured to: allocate an uplink weight estimation resource for the second type terminal, enable a downlink BF, and add the second type terminal to the first list.
  • the BF exit threshold is a downlink CINR entry threshold or a signal strength indication (RSSI) entry threshold corresponding to a high-order modulation and coding mode; and the BF entry threshold is a low-order modulation
  • the downlink CINR is an average downlink CINR of a period of time counted by the base station.
  • the BF module is further configured to: when a BF-capable terminal accesses the network, determine whether there is a free bit in the first list, and if yes, allocate a weight estimation resource to the terminal, and Start BF for the terminal.
  • the present invention also provides a base station including the above apparatus.
  • the terminal channel condition, the downlink traffic, and the gain of the BF are used to select a suitable terminal to enable the BF, so as to ensure that the BF gain is maximized and the system throughput is improved under certain conditions of system resources.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart of the processing of the associated beamforming baseband
  • Figure 2 is a beam diagram of a uniform linear linear array element
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of performing a BF user decision when a terminal initially accesses according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the beamforming technique described in the present invention is a multi-antenna technique for performing downlink beamforming by uplink channel estimation, and therefore it is necessary to rely on uplink resources and channel conditions for beamforming.
  • the resource for estimating the weight of the uplink is limited. If all users use the downlink velocity shaping, most of the upstream bandwidth will be occupied. In order to save the uplink bandwidth, the user who needs beamforming needs to be selected.
  • Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio is a measure of signal effectiveness and is expressed in decibels (dBs).
  • the carrier is a valid signal and the interference can be either noise or co-channel interference or both.
  • the signal In order for the signal receiver to decode the signal, the signal must belong to an acceptable CINR range, which is related to the technology used (eg CDMA, GSM or Wimax, etc.).
  • the CINR is usually used to determine the current downlink modulation and coding scheme (DIUC).
  • DIUC downlink modulation and coding scheme
  • the higher the CINR the higher the DIUC order that can be used, that is, the higher the coding rate, in other words, the higher the spectrum utilization.
  • DIUC downlink modulation and coding scheme
  • the uplink weight estimation resource needs to be used by the user who needs the beamforming most to achieve the maximum gain of the system.
  • BF enable list (hereinafter referred to as the first list): used to record the identification information of the currently enabled BF terminal.
  • the total number of terminals in the BF enable list depends on the resource for estimating the uplink weight, which is sufficient for M terminals to perform uplink weights. It is estimated that the total number of terminals in the BF enable list is M; the list of users supporting BF capability (hereinafter referred to as the second list) is used to record the capability of BF. Identification information of the terminal.
  • a first type of terminal that satisfies the following conditions is selected from the first list: the downlink CINR is greater than the BF exit threshold and the beamforming gain of the terminal is less than a predetermined threshold.
  • An uplink weight estimation resource is allocated for the second type of terminal, and downlink beamforming is enabled, and the second type of terminal is added to the first list.
  • the RSSI Signal Strength Indication
  • the BF entry threshold is, for example, a downlink CINR entry threshold or an RSSI entry threshold corresponding to a modulation coding mode M2, where the coding rate of M1 is greater than M2.
  • the entry threshold of the above-mentioned debug coding mode refers to a CINR threshold that satisfies a certain order modulation and coding mode demodulation, and is a threshold for the base station side to estimate the demodulation performance of the terminal.
  • the base station side will terminate the terminal.
  • the data is modulated and encoded according to the Nth order, and the terminal can demodulate the data of the Nth order modulation and encoding.
  • the downlink CINR is preferably an average downlink CINR for a period of time counted by the base station.
  • the above base station preferably has at least four antennas, so that a better gain can be obtained, but the case where the base station using only two antennas does not use the above method is not excluded.
  • the terminal is allocated an uplink weight estimation resource, the downlink BF is enabled, and the terminal is recorded in the first list.
  • the terminal For the terminal after the access, the terminal periodically reports the CINR, and the base station counts the average CINR of each terminal in a period of time; when the first list has the idle position, the base station periodically traverses the second list, and selects a low modulation coding mode that does not enable BF (The terminal of the lower order enters the BF, and the terminal is added to the first list; when the first list has no idle position, the BF first list is traversed, and a terminal with a higher order and smaller BF gain is selected, and the terminal is removed from the BF queue. The weight estimation and beamforming of the terminal are stopped, and the weight estimation resource is vacated for use by a terminal that needs to use BF more. There are two reasons for choosing low-level users to enter BF:
  • the low-order terminal can increase the system throughput after enabling BF;
  • the base station transmits four antennas in the downlink, the gain generated by the downlink BF can make the terminal upgrade. Therefore, the low-order user is selected to have an upgraded space, which can maximize the gain of the BF.
  • Step 301 MS1 (mobile station 1) accesses the network
  • Step 302 The base station determines whether the terminal MS1 has the BF capability. If yes, the MS1 is added to the second list, and step 303 is performed. If not, the process continues according to the normal process.
  • Step 303 The base station determines whether the first list has a free bit. If yes, the MS1 is assigned a weight estimation resource, and the MS1 is enabled with BF. If not, the BF is not enabled.
  • Step 401 The base station traverses the second list, and determines Whether the second list is empty, if it is empty, the current process ends, if not empty, step 402 is performed;
  • Step 402 Select a terminal (MS2) that does not belong to the first list from the second list; may randomly select, or select according to priority.
  • Step 403 The downlink CINR of the MS2 is calculated, and it is determined whether the downlink CINR of the MS2 is less than a BF entry threshold. If yes, go to step 404. If no, the current process ends.
  • the BF entry threshold can be specified as the downlink CINR entry threshold corresponding to a low-order modulation and coding scheme.
  • Step 404 determining whether there is a free bit in the first list, and if so, performing step 405, if If not, then execute 406;
  • Step 405 Put the MS2 into the first list, allocate an uplink weight estimation resource for the MS2 to perform weight estimation, and enable BF to start shaping the MS2;
  • Step 406 Determine whether the downlink CINR of the terminal in the first list is greater than a BF exit threshold, and if yes, perform step 407. If not, the current process ends.
  • Step 407 Select a terminal with the smallest BF gain from the terminal with a CINR greater than N2, reclaim the weight estimation resource previously allocated to the terminal, stop its beamforming, and exit the first list.
  • one or more terminals with a second BF gain can be selected, and a threshold can be set for screening.
  • Step 501 Determine whether there is a terminal in the first list whose CINR is greater than the BF exit threshold N2. If yes, go to step 502. If not, the current process ends.
  • Step 502 Select, from the terminals with CINR greater than N2, the h terminals with the smallest BF gain (h is a positive integer and h > l), reclaim the weight estimation resource previously allocated to the terminal, and stop the beamforming thereof. And remove it from the first list;
  • Step 503 the base station traverses the second list, determines whether the second list is empty, if it is empty, the current process ends, if not empty, step 504 is performed;
  • Step 504 Filter, from the second list, k terminals that do not belong to the first list, and whose downlink CINR is less than the BF entry limit (1 ⁇ is a positive integer and 1 ⁇ > 1);
  • the selected terminals may be one or more.
  • Step 505 it is determined whether k is less than or equal to h, if yes, step 507 is performed, if no, step 506 is performed;
  • Step 506 selecting h terminals from k terminals, performing step 507; It can be selected randomly or by priority.
  • Step 507 Assign the uplink weight estimation resource to the selected terminal, enable BF to start shaping, and write the one or more terminals to the first list, and the process ends.
  • the number of joined terminals may be selected from the second list based on the number of terminals that are culled from the first list.
  • the apparatus for implementing the downlink beamforming method includes a first screening module, a second screening module, a stopping BF module, and an opening BF module, where:
  • the first screening module is configured to filter, from the first list, a first type of terminal that meets the following conditions: a downlink carrier to interference and noise ratio (CINR) is greater than a BF exit threshold and a BF gain of the terminal is less than a predetermined threshold;
  • the first list is used to record the identification information of the BF-enabled terminal;
  • the stop BF module is configured to reclaim the uplink weight estimation resource of the first type terminal, stop the downlink BF of the first type terminal, and The first type of terminal is deleted from the first list;
  • the second screening module is configured to select, from the second list, a second type of terminal that meets the following conditions: does not belong to the first list, and the downlink CINR of the terminal is less than a BF entry threshold; and the second list is used for recording the BF capability. Identification information of the terminal;
  • the BF module is configured to allocate an uplink weight estimation resource for the second type terminal, enable a downlink BF, and add the second type terminal to the first list.
  • the BF exit threshold is a downlink CINR entry threshold or a signal strength indication (RSSI) entry threshold corresponding to a high-order modulation and coding mode; and the BF entry threshold is a low-order modulation
  • the downlink CINR is an average downlink CINR for a period of time counted by the base station.
  • the BF module is further configured to: when the BF-capable terminal accesses the network, determine whether there is a free bit in the first list, and if yes, allocate a weight estimation resource to the terminal, and The terminal starts BF.
  • the above device can be applied to a base station.
  • the terminal channel condition, the downlink traffic, and the gain of the BF are used to select a suitable terminal to enable BF, so as to ensure that the BF gain is maximized and the system throughput is improved under certain conditions of system resources.

Abstract

一种下行波束赋形方法、装置及基站,可节省上行带宽,提高系统吞吐量。方法包括:从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类终端:下行CINR大于BF退出门限且终端的BF增益小于预定门限;第一列表用于记录当前启用BF的终端的标识信息;收回第一类终端的上行权值估计资源,停止第一类终端的下行BF,并将第一类终端从第一列表中删除;从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终端:不属于第一列表且终端下行CINR小于BF进入门限;第二列表用于记录具备BF能力的终端的标识信息;为第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源,启用下行BF,并将第二类终端加入到第一列表中。装置包括第一筛选模块、第二筛选模块、停止BF模块和开启BF模块。

Description

一种下行波束赋形方法、 装置及基站
技术领域
本发明涉及到波束赋形 (Beam-forming, 简称 BF )技术, 具体涉及下行 波束赋形的方法、 装置及基站。
背景技术
随着无线通信的广泛普及, 各种类型的数据业务在无线通信系统中的应 用, 高速传输的数据业务的需要使得无线系统频谱利用率成为最为关键的性 能指标。 波束赋形 (Beam-Forming )是一种应用于小间距的天线阵列多天线 传输技术, 其主要原理是利用空间信道的强相关性及波的干涉原理产生强方 向性的辐射方向图, 使辐射方向图的主瓣自适应地指向用户来波方向, 从而 提高信噪比, 提高系统容量或者覆盖范围。 波束赋形相当于对每个用户形成 一组跟踪该用户的高增益天线阵列, 利用多天线阵列行程的波束, 使信号在 用户所在位置达到最强。 如图 1所示。
下面介绍一些术语的含义:
方向图: 天线在一定的覆盖范围内都有一定的天线增益, 在某一方向上 的增益可能会大于另一方向的增益, 阵列的方向图定义为当阵列输入为平面 波时, 阵列输出 (通常只考虑输出幅度或功率)与平面入射角的关系。
波束形成: 虽然阵列天线的方向图是全方向的, 但阵列的输出经加权求 和后, 却可以使阵列接收的方向增益聚集在一个方向上, 相当于形成了一个 波束。 这种把来自不同阵元的信号进行加权处理合并的过程就是波束形成, 如图 2所示。 其数学模型可以描述如下:
假设有输入的数据为 ··· , 权值为 wi,…^的系统, 其输出为:
^( = wi si + w s2 + · · · + WA = wffs(t) ,
这里, 为^的共轭, w = [ VWJ, S(t) = [v , τ表示转置, WH表示 w的共轭转置。
天线之所以称为"智能天线", 在于天线阵列的权重向量可以控制天线阵 列的方向图, 使之形成不同指向的波束。 权重因子根据自适应算法可以进行 最优化调整, 以对当前的传输环境进行匹配。
但是, 波束赋形的对象, 即对哪些用户进行波束赋形还没有判定方法。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种下行波束赋形方法、 装置及基站, 能够节省上行带宽, 提高系统吞吐量。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明提供了一种下行波束赋形 (BF )方法, 包 括:
从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类终端: 下行载波与干扰和噪 声比 (CINR ) 大于 BF退出门限且终端的 BF增益小于预定门限; 所述第一 列表用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标识信息;
收回所述第一类终端的上行权值估计资源, 停止该第一类终端的下行 BF, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终端: 不属于第一列表且该终 端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限; 所述第二列表用于记录具备 BF能力的终端 的标识信息;
为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源, 启用下行 BF, 并将该第二类终 端加入到第一列表中。 信号强度指示(RSSI )进入门限; BF进入门限为调制编码方式 M2对应的下 行 CINR进入门限或 RSSI进入门限; 其中 Ml的编码率大于 M2。
可选的, 所述下行 CINR为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。 可选的, 所述第一列表中终端的个数由上行权值估计资源决定。
可选的, 所述方法还包括: 当具备 BF能力的终端接入网络时, 判断所述 第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该终端分配权值估计资源, 并针对 该终端启动 BF。 可选的, 所述方法由具有四根及四根以上的天线的基站实现。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明还提供了一种进行下行波束赋形 (BF ) 的 装置, 包括第一筛选模块、 第二筛选模块、 停止 BF模块和开启 BF模块, 其 中:
所述第一筛选模块设置为: 从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类 终端: 下行载波与干扰和噪声比 (CINR ) 大于 BF退出门限且该终端的 BF 增益小于预定门限; 所述第一列表用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标识信息; 所述停止 BF模块设置为: 收回所述第一类终端的上行权值估计资源,停 止该第一类终端的下行 BF, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
所述第二筛选模块设置为: 从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终 端: 不属于第一列表且该终端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限; 所述第二列表用 于记录具备 BF能力的终端的标识信息;
所述开启 BF模块设置为: 为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源,启用 下行 BF, 并将该第二类终端加入到第一列表中。
可选的,所述 BF退出门限为某高阶调制编码方式对应的下行 CINR进入 门限或信号强度指示 (RSSI )进入门限; 所述 BF进入门限为某低阶调制编
M2。
可选的, 所述下行 CINR为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。 可选的, 所述开启 BF模块, 还用于当具备 BF能力的终端接入网络时, 判断所述第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该终端分配权值估计资源, 并针对该终端启动 BF。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明还提供了一种包含上述装置的基站。
本发明实施例利用终端信道条件、下行流量及 BF对此终端的增益,来选 择合适的终端来启用 BF, 保证在系统资源一定情况下, 使得 BF增益最大, 提高系统吞吐量。 附图概述
图 1为相关波束赋形基带处理流程图;
图 2为均勾线性线阵元产生波束图;
图 3为本发明实施方式的终端初始接入时进行 BF用户判决的流程图; 图。 ; 、 , 、 、 、 ' ' 、 、 ' 、 本发明的较佳实施方式
本发明描述的波束赋形技术是通过上行信道估计来进行下行波束赋形的 多天线技术, 因此需要依赖上行的资源和信道条件才能进行波束赋形。 而上 行权值估计的资源有限, 如果让所有用户都使用下行波速赋形, 会占用大部 分的上行带宽, 为了节省上行带宽, 因此需要选择进行波束赋形的用户。
载波与干扰和噪声比 ( Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio , 简称 CINR )是信号效力的测量标准, 用分贝 (dBs )来表达。 载波是有效信号, 干扰可以是噪声或同频干扰或两者都有。 为了使信号接收者可以解码信号, 信号必须属于一个可接收的 CINR 范围, 其与使用的技术(例如: CDMA、 GSM或 Wimax等)有关。 通常使用 CINR来决定当前下行调制编码方式 ( DIUC ) , CINR越高, 可使用的 DIUC阶数越高, 即编码率越高, 换句话 说就是频谱利用率越高。 但当 CINR接近范围上限时, 再对其作 BF的话, 不 会有任何有效增益效果, 所以需要将上行权值估计资源给最需要波束赋形的 用户来使用, 以使系统达到最大增益。
为实现下行波束赋形, 需要预设以下几个表, 当然表格只是数据存储的 形式, 不排除釆用其他形式存储:
BF启用列表(以下简称第一列表) : 用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标 识信息, BF启用列表中终端的总数取决于进行上行权值估计的资源, 该资源 足够 M个终端进行上行权值估计, 则 BF启用列表中终端的总数即为 M; 支持 BF能力的用户列表(以下简称第二列表) , 用于记录具备 BF能力 的终端的标识信息。
本发明实施例实现下行波束赋形的方法包括:
从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类终端:下行 CINR大于 BF退 出门限且该终端的波束赋形增益小于预定门限,
收回该第一类终端的上行权值估计资源, 停止该第一类终端的下行波束 赋形, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终端: 不属于第一列表且该终 端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限;
为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源, 并启用下行波束赋形, 并将该 第二类终端加入到第一列表中。 或 RSSI (信号强度指示)进入门限; 该 BF进入门限例如是某调制编码方式 M2对应的下行 CINR进入门限或 RSSI进入门限,其中 Ml的编码率大于 M2。
上述调试编码方式的进入门限是指满足某阶调制编码方式解调的 CINR 阀值, 是基站侧对终端解调性能估计的一个阀值, 当下行 CINR高于 N阶进 入门限, 基站侧将终端数据按照 N阶进行调制编码, 终端可以对 N阶调制编 码的数据进行解调。
上述下行 CINR优选为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。
上述基站优选为至少有四根天线, 这样可以获得较好的增益, 但也不排 除仅使用两根天线的基站使用上述方法的情形。
优选地, 具备 BF能力的新终端接入后, 如果第一列表有空闲位置, 则为 该终端分配上行权值估计资源, 启用下行 BF, 并将该终端记入第一列表。
对于接入后的终端,该终端定期上报 CINR,基站统计一段时间内每个终 端的平均 CINR; 第一列表有空闲位置时,基站周期遍历第二列表, 选择没有 启用 BF的低调制编码方式(低阶 )的终端进入 BF, 将该终端加入第一列表; 第一列表没有空闲位置时, 遍历 BF第一列表, 选择一个高阶的且 BF增益较 小的终端, 将其剔除出 BF队列, 停止该终端的权值估计和波束赋形, 将权值 估计资源空出来给更需要使用 BF的终端使用。 选择低阶用户进入 BF有两个原因:
i.由于低阶终端频谱利用率低, 因此低阶终端启用 BF后, 更能提高系统 吞吐量;
ii.基站下行四天线发射时, 进行下行 BF产生的增益可以让终端升阶, 因 此选择低阶用户才有升阶的空间, 能让 BF的增益最大限度被系统利用。
下文中将结合附图对本发明的实施例进行详细说明。 需要说明的是, 在 不冲突的情况下, 本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互任意组合。 在以下实施例中, 如无特别说明, 默认终端具备 BF能力。
终端初始接入时, 如图 3所示, 处理步骤如下:
步骤 301 , MS1 (移动台 1 )接入网络;
步骤 302,基站判断终端 MS1是否具备 BF能力,如果具备,则将该 MS1 加入第二列表, 执行步骤 303 , 如果不具备, 按正常流程继续处理;
步骤 303 , 基站判断第一列表是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该 MS1分配 权值估计资源, 并使该 MS1启用 BF, 如果没有, 则不启用 BF。
终端处于运行状态时,终端周期上报下行 CINR,基站侧保存和更新终端 上报的下行 CINR,基站定期进行 BF用户判断,如图 4所示, 处理步骤如下: 步骤 401 , 基站遍历第二列表, 判断第二列表是否为空, 如果为空, 则 本次流程结束, 如果不为空, 则执行步骤 402;
步骤 402, 从第二列表中选择一个不属于第一列表的终端 (MS2 ) ; 可以随机筛选, 或者按照优先级选择。
步骤 403 , 统计 MS2的下行 CINR, 判断该 MS2的下行 CINR是否小于 BF进入门限, 如果是, 执行步骤 404, 如果否, 则本次流程结束;
BF进入门限可以指定为某低阶调制编码方式对应的下行 CINR进入门限
N1 , 或者是 RSSI (信号强度指示)进入门限。
步骤 404, 判断第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 执行步骤 405, 如果 没有, 则执行 406;
步骤 405,将该 MS2放入第一列表, 为该 MS2分配上行权值估计资源进 行权值估计, 对该 MS2启用 BF开始赋形;
步骤 406 , 判断第一列表中是否有终端的下行 CINR大于 BF退出门限, 如果有, 执行步骤 407, 如果没有, 则本次流程结束;
BF退出门限可以指定为某高阶调制编码方式对应的下行 CINR进入门限 值 N2, 或者是 RSSI (信号强度指示)进入门限 N2。 说明: N2 >= N1。
步骤 407, 从 CINR大于 N2的终端中选择出 BF增益最小的终端, 收回 其先前分配给该终端的权值估计资源, 停止其的波束赋形, 并将其退出第一 列表。
除了筛选出 BF增益最小的终端外,还可以筛选出 BF增益次小的一个或 多个终端, 可设定一门限值进行筛选。
上述流程仅为一种实现方式, 其可以有多种变型, 例如:
步骤 501 ,判断第一列表中是否有 CINR大于 BF退出门限值 N2的终端, 如果有, 执行步骤 502, 如果没有, 则本次流程结束;
步骤 502, 从 CINR大于 N2的终端中选择出 BF增益最小的 h个终端(h 为正整数且 h > l ) , 收回其先前分配给该终端的权值估计资源, 停止其的波 束赋形, 并将其从第一列表中删除;
步骤 503 , 基站遍历第二列表, 判断第二列表是否为空, 如果为空, 则 本次流程结束, 如果不为空, 则执行步骤 504;
步骤 504, 从第二列表筛选出不属于第一列表, 且下行 CINR小于 BF进 入门限的 k个终端 (1^为正整数且1^ > 1 ) ;
筛选出的终端可以是一个也可以是多个。
步骤 505, 判断 k是否小于等于 h, 如果是, 则执行步骤 507, 如果否, 则执行步骤 506;
步骤 506, 从 k个终端中选出 h个终端, 执行步骤 507; 可以随机选择, 也可以按照优先级选择。
步骤 507,为该选择出的终端分配上行权值估计资源,启用 BF开始赋形 , 并将该一个或多个终端写入第一列表, 本次流程结束。
在其他实施例中, 可以根据从第一列表中剔除的终端的个数从第二列表 中选择加入的终端的个数。
通过周期性执行上述 BF用户判断流程, 以保证处于进行 BF的终端都能 获得较高的增益, 从而提高系统的吞吐量。
实现上述下行波束赋形方法的装置包括第一筛选模块、 第二筛选模块、 停止 BF模块和开启 BF模块, 其中:
所述第一筛选模块, 设置为从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类 终端: 下行载波与干扰和噪声比 (CINR ) 大于 BF退出门限且该终端的 BF 增益小于预定门限; 所述第一列表用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标识信息; 所述停止 BF模块,设置为收回所述第一类终端的上行权值估计资源,停 止该第一类终端的下行 BF, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
所述第二筛选模块, 设置为从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终 端: 不属于第一列表且该终端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限; 所述第二列表用 于记录具备 BF能力的终端的标识信息;
所述开启 BF模块,设置为为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源,启用 下行 BF, 并将该第二类终端加入到第一列表中。
优选地,所述 BF退出门限为某高阶调制编码方式对应的下行 CINR进入 门限或信号强度指示 (RSSI )进入门限; 所述 BF进入门限为某低阶调制编
M2。
优选地, 所述下行 CINR为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。 优选地,所述开启 BF模块,还设置为当具备 BF能力的终端接入网络时, 判断所述第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该终端分配权值估计资源, 并针对该终端启动 BF。 上述装置可应用于基站中。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述方法中的全部或部分步骤可通过程序 来指令相关硬件完成, 上述程序可以存储于计算机可读存储介质中, 如只读 存储器、 磁盘或光盘等。 可选地, 上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用 一个或多个集成电路来实现。 相应地, 上述实施例中的各模块 /单元可以釆用 硬件的形式实现, 也可以釆用软件功能模块的形式实现。 本发明不限制于任 何特定形式的硬件和软件的结合。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制, 仅仅参照较佳实施 例对本发明进行了详细说明。 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解, 可以对本发 明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换, 而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范 围, 均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
工业实用性
本发明实施例利用终端信道条件、下行流量及 BF对此终端的增益,来选 择合适的终端来启用 BF, 保证在系统资源一定情况下, 使得 BF增益最大, 提高系统吞吐量。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种下行波束赋形 (BF )方法, 其包括:
从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类终端: 下行载波与干扰和噪 声比 (CINR ) 大于 BF退出门限且终端的 BF增益小于预定门限; 所述第一 列表用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标识信息;
收回所述第一类终端的上行权值估计资源, 停止该第一类终端的下行 BF, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终端: 不属于第一列表且该终 端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限; 所述第二列表用于记录具备 BF能力的终端 的标识信息;
为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源, 启用下行 BF, 并将该第二类终 端加入到第一列表中。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中:
进入门限或 RSSI进入门限; 其中 Ml的编码率大于 M2。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其中:
所述下行 CINR为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其中:
所述第一列表中终端的个数由上行权值估计资源决定。
5、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其还包括:
当具备 BF能力的终端接入网络时, 判断所述第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该终端分配权值估计资源, 并针对该终端启动 BF。
6、如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其由具有四根及四根以上的天线的基站实 现。
7、 一种进行下行波束赋形 (BF ) 的装置, 其包括第一筛选模块、 第二 筛选模块、 停止 BF模块和开启 BF模块, 其中: 所述第一筛选模块设置为: 从第一列表中筛选出满足以下条件的第一类 终端: 下行载波与干扰和噪声比 (CINR ) 大于 BF退出门限且终端的 BF增 益小于预定门限; 所述第一列表用于记录当前启用 BF的终端的标识信息; 所述停止 BF模块设置为: 收回所述第一类终端的上行权值估计资源,停 止该第一类终端的下行 BF, 并将该第一类终端从第一列表中删除;
所述第二筛选模块设置为: 从第二列表中选择满足以下条件的第二类终 端: 不属于第一列表且该终端下行 CINR小于 BF进入门限; 所述第二列表用 于记录具备 BF能力的终端的标识信息;
所述开启 BF模块设置为: 为该第二类终端分配上行权值估计资源,启用 下行 BF, 并将该第二类终端加入到第一列表中。
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中: 强度指示 (RSSI )进入门限; 所述 BF进入门限为低阶调制编码方式对应的 下行 CINR进入门限或 RSSI进入门限; 其中 Ml的编码率大于 M2。
9、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中:
所述下行 CINR为基站统计的一段时间内的平均下行 CINR。
10、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其中:
所述开启 BF模块还设置为: 当具备 BF能力的终端接入网络时, 判断所 述第一列表中是否有空闲位, 如果有, 则为该终端分配权值估计资源, 并针 对该终端启动 BF。
11、 一种进行下行波束赋形(BF )的基站, 其包含如权利要求 7-10任一 项所述的装置。
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