WO2012054855A1 - Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields - Google Patents
Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012054855A1 WO2012054855A1 PCT/US2011/057324 US2011057324W WO2012054855A1 WO 2012054855 A1 WO2012054855 A1 WO 2012054855A1 US 2011057324 W US2011057324 W US 2011057324W WO 2012054855 A1 WO2012054855 A1 WO 2012054855A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ice
- hull
- rig
- water
- legs
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/0017—Means for protecting offshore constructions
- E02B17/0021—Means for protecting offshore constructions against ice-loads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
- B63B35/4413—Floating drilling platforms, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/003—Mechanically induced gas or liquid streams in seas, lakes or water-courses for forming weirs or breakwaters; making or keeping water surfaces free from ice, aerating or circulating water, e.g. screens of air-bubbles against sludge formation or salt water entry, pump-assisted water circulation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B17/02—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto
- E02B17/021—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor placed by lowering the supporting construction to the bottom, e.g. with subsequent fixing thereto with relative movement between supporting construction and platform
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B15/00—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts
- E21B15/02—Supports for the drilling machine, e.g. derricks or masts specially adapted for underwater drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/12—Underwater drilling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
- B63B35/08—Ice-breakers or other vessels or floating structures for operation in ice-infested waters; Ice-breakers, or other vessels or floating structures having equipment specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0039—Methods for placing the offshore structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
- E02B2017/006—Platforms with supporting legs with lattice style supporting legs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B17/00—Artificial islands mounted on piles or like supports, e.g. platforms on raisable legs or offshore constructions; Construction methods therefor
- E02B2017/0056—Platforms with supporting legs
- E02B2017/0073—Details of sea bottom engaging footing
- E02B2017/0082—Spudcans, skirts or extended feet
Definitions
- This invention relates to mobile offshore drilling units, often called “jack-up” drilling units or rigs that are used in shallow water, typically less than 400 feet, for drilling for hydrocarbons.
- a jack-up or mobile offshore drilling unit can be used for about 45-90 days in the short, open- water summer season. Predicting when the drilling season starts and ends is a game of chance and many efforts are undertaken to determine when the jack-up may be safely towed to the drilling location and drilling may be started. Once started, there is considerable urgency to complete the well to avoid having to disconnect and retreat in the event of ice incursion before the well is complete. Even during the few weeks of open water, ice floes present a significant hazard to jack-up drilling rigs where the drilling rig is on location and legs of the jack-up drilling rig are exposed and quite vulnerable to damage.
- Jack-up rigs are mobile, self-elevating, offshore drilling and workover platforms equipped with legs that are arranged to be lowered to the sea floor and then to lift the hull out of the water.
- Jack-up rigs typically include the drilling and/or workover equipment, leg-jacking system, crew quarters, loading and unloading facilities, storage areas for bulk and liquid materials, helicopter landing deck and other related facilities and equipment.
- a jack-up rig is designed to be towed to the drilling site and jacked-up out of the water so that the wave action of the sea only impacts the legs which have a fairly small cross section and thus allows the wave action to pass by without imparting significant movement to the jack-up rig.
- the legs of a jack-up provide little defense against ice floe collisions and an ice floe of any notable size is capable of causing structural damage to one or more legs and/or pushing the rig off location. If this type of event were to happen before the drilling operations were suspended and suitable secure and abandon had been completed, a hydrocarbon leak would possibly occur. Even a small risk of such a leak is completely unacceptable in the oil and gas industry, to the regulators and to the public.
- the invention more particularly relates to an ice worthy jack up rig for drilling for hydrocarbons in potential ice conditions in offshore areas including a flotation hull having a relatively flat deck at the upper portion thereof.
- the flotation hull further includes an ice bending shape along the lower portion thereof and extending around the periphery of the hull where the ice bending shape extends from an area of the hull near the level of the deck and extends downwardly near the bottom of the hull along with an ice deflecting portion extending around the perimeter of the bottom of the hull to direct ice around the hull and not under the hull.
- the rig includes at least three truss form legs that are positioned within the perimeter of the bottom of the hull wherein the legs are arranged to be lifted up off the seafloor so that the rig may be towed through shallow water and also extend to the sea floor and extend further to lift the hull partially or fully out of the water.
- a jack up device is associated with each leg to both lift the leg from the sea bottom so that the ice worthy jack up rig may float by the buoyancy of the hull and push the legs down to the seafloor and push the hull partially up and out of the water when ice floes threaten the rig and fully out of the water when ice is not present.
- the rig includes leg ice shields to protect the truss form legs from ice and a gas agitation system to agitate the water near the legs and reduce issues with ice near the legs.
- the invention further relates to a method for drilling wells in ice prone waters.
- the method includes providing a flotation hull having a relatively flat deck at the upper portion thereof and an ice bending shape along the lower portion thereof where the ice bending shape extends from an area of the hull near the level of the deck and extends downwardly near the bottom of the hull and an ice deflecting portion extending around the perimeter of the bottom of the hull to direct ice around the hull and not under the hull.
- At least three truss form legs are positioned within the perimeter of the bottom of the hull where each leg comprises a plurality of vertically oriented posts connected by cross members and ice shields are arranged between the posts to protect the cross members from ice.
- Each leg is jacked down in a manner that feet on the bottom of the legs engages the sea floor and lifts the hull up and fully out of the water when ice is not threatening the rig while the rig is drilling a well on a drill site.
- the hull is further lowered into the water into an ice defensive configuration so that the ice bending shape extends above and below the sea surface to bend ice that comes against the rig to cause the ice to submerge under the water and endure bending forces that break the ice where the ice flows past the rig.
- the water is agitated near the legs and reduce issues with ice near the legs.
- Figure 1 is an elevation view of a first embodiment of the present invention where the drilling rig is floating in the water and available to be towed to a well drilling site;
- Figure 2 is an elevation view of the first embodiment of the present invention where the drilling rig is jacked up out of the water for open water drilling through a moon pool;
- Figure 3 is an elevation view of the first embodiment of the present invention where the drilling rig is partially lowered into the ice/water interface, but still supported by its legs, in a defensive configuration for drilling during potential ice conditions;
- Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary elevation view showing one end of the first embodiment of the present invention in the Figure 3 configuration with ice moving against the rig;
- Figure 5 is a top view of a leg of the drilling rig with a first embodiment of the leg ice shields in place;
- Figure 6 is a top view of a leg of the drilling rig with a second embodiment of the leg ice shields in place.
- an ice worthy jack-up rig is generally indicated by the arrow 10.
- jack-up rig 10 is shown with its hull 20 floating in the sea and legs 25 in a lifted arrangement where much of the length of the legs 25 extend above the deck 21 of the hull 20.
- derrick 30 On the deck 21 is derrick 30 which is used to drill wells.
- the jack-up rig 10 may be towed from one prospect field to another and to and from shore bases for maintenance and other shore service.
- the legs 25 are lowered through the openings 27 in hull 20 until the feet 26 at the bottom ends of the legs 25 engage the seafloor 15 as shown in Figure 2.
- the feet 26 are connected to spud cans 28 to secure the rig 10 to the seafloor.
- jacking rigs within openings 27 push the legs 25 down and therefore, the hull 20 is lifted out of the water.
- any wave action and heavy seas more easily break past the legs 25 as compared to the effect of waves against a large buoyant object like the hull 20.
- Well drilling operations may commence in the ordinary course while there is no ice in the area.
- the ice-worthy jack-up drilling rig 10 is designed to resist ice floes by assuming an ice defensive, hull-in- water configuration as shown in Figure 3.
- ice tends to dampen waves and rough seas, so the sea surface 12 appears less threatening, however, the hazards of the marine environment have only altered, and not lessened.
- the ice-worthy jack-up rig 10 assumes its ice defensive, hull-in- water configuration, the hull 20 is lowered into the water to contact same, but not to the extent that the hull 20 would begin to float.
- a significant portion of the weight of the rig 10 preferably remains on the legs 25 to hold the position of the rig 10 on the drill site against any pressure an ice flow might bring.
- the rig 10 is lowered so that inwardly sloped, ice-bending surface 41 bridges the sea surface 12 or ice/water interface to engage any floating ice that may come upon the rig 10.
- the sloped ice-bending surface 41 runs from shoulder 42, which is at the edge of the deck 26, down to neckline 44. Ice deflector 45 extends downward from neckline 44.
- the ice-bending surface 41 causes the leading edge of the ice floe 51 to submerge under the sea surface 12 and apply a significant bending force that breaks large ice floes into smaller, less damaging, less hazardous bits of ice. For example, it is conceivable that an ice floe being hundreds of feet and maybe miles across could come toward the rig 10. If the ice floe is broken into bits that are less than twenty feet in the longest dimension, such bits are able to pass around the rig 10 with much less concern.
- the present invention provides a first additional ice defensive aspect where air blower 35 is arranged to blow air down through hoses 36 to the spud cans 28.
- the spud cans 28 include holes or diffusers to release air bubbles to agitate the water around the legs 25.
- the agitated water is stirred to prevent ice from forming on the legs and creates a natural flow away from the legs.
- leg ice shields 32 are attached between vertical posts 31 of the legs to provide a second additional ice defensive feature for the present invention.
- the leg ice shields 32 are bowed to provide a rounded shape to steer any ice around the legs.
- the leg ice shields 33 are relatively flat.
- the leg ice shields 32 or, alternatively 33 are preferably positioned on the legs to extend above, below and across the waterline 12 but not necessarily cover the entire vertical length of each leg 25.
- Ice has substantial compressive strength being in the range of 4 to 12 MPa, but is much weaker against bending with typical flexure strength in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 MPa.
- the force of the ice floe 51 moving along the sea surface 12 causes the leading edge to slide under the sea surface 12 and caused section 52 to break off.
- the ice floe 51 broken into smaller floes, such as section 52 and bit 53 the smaller sections tend to float past and around the rig 10 without applying the impacts or forces of a large floe.
- ice not be forced under the flat of bottom of the hull 20 and the ice deflector 45 turns ice to flow around the side of the hull 20.
- the ice deflector 45 is arranged to extend downwardly at a steeper angle than ice-bending surface 41 and will increase the bending forces on the ice floe.
- an ice deflector is positioned to extend down from the flat of bottom of the hull 20.
- the turn of the bilge is the flat of bottom at the bottom end of the ice deflector 45.
- the feet 26 of the legs may be arranged to connect to cans 28 set in the sea floor so that when an ice floe comes against the ice-bending surface 41, the legs 25 actually hold the hull 20 down and force the bending of the ice floe and resist the lifting force of the ice floe which, in an extreme case, may lift the near side of the rig 10 and push the rig over on its side by using the feet 26 on the opposite side of the rig 10 as the fulcrum or pivot.
- the cans in the sea floor are known for other applications and the feet 26 would include appropriate connections to attach and release from the cans, as desired.
- the ice- worthy jack-up drill rig 10 is designed to operate like a conventional jack-up rig in open water, but is also designed to settle to the water in an ice defensive position and then re-acquire the conventional stance or configuration when wave action becomes a concern. It is the shape of the hull 20 (as well as its strength) that provides ice bending and breaking capabilities.
- the hull 20 preferably has a faceted or multisided shape that provides the advantages of a circular or oval shape, and may be less expensive to construct.
- the plates that make up the hull would likely be formed of flat sheets and so that the entire structure comprises segments of flat material such as steel would likely require less complication.
- the ice-breaking surface would preferably extend at least about five meters above the water level, recognizing that water levels shift up and down with tides and storms and perhaps other influences. The height above the water level accommodates ice floes that are quite thick or having ridges that extend well above the sea surface 12, but since the height of the shoulder 42 is well above the sea surface 12, the tall ice floes will be forced down as they come into contact with the rig 10.
- the deck 21 at the top of the hull 20 should be far enough above the water line so that waves are not able to wash across the deck.
- the deck 25 is preferred to be at least 7 to 8 meters above the sea surface 12.
- the neckline 42 is preferred to be at least 4 to 8 meters below the sea surface 12 to adequately bend the ice floes to break them up into more harmless bits.
- the hull 20 is preferably in the range of 5-16 meters in height from the flat of bottom to the deck 20, more preferably 8- 16 meters or 11-16 meters.
- the legs 25 and the openings 27 through which they are connected to the hull 20 are within the perimeter of the ice deflector 45 so that the ice floes are less likely to contact the legs while the rig 10 is in its defensive ice condition configuration as shown in Figure 3 and sometimes called hull-in-water configuration.
- the rig 10 does not have to handle every ice floe threat to significantly add value to oil and gas companies. If rig 10 can extend the drilling season by as little as a month, that would be a fifty percent improvement in some ice prone areas and therefore provide a very real cost saving benefit to the industry.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020137010000A KR20130120462A (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
PCT/US2011/057324 WO2012054855A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
CA2812596A CA2812596C (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
US13/278,860 US8801333B2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
SG2013022348A SG189102A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
EP11782697.4A EP2630305B1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
RU2013123024/13A RU2573372C2 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Jack-up drilling offshore unit of ice class with gas mixing and ice-reinforced screens for support legs |
CN201180050470.3A CN103180514B (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | With the iceproof jack up drilling unit of gas stirring and spud leg ice cube protector |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US40549710P | 2010-10-21 | 2010-10-21 | |
US61/405,497 | 2010-10-21 | ||
US13/277,791 | 2011-10-20 | ||
US13/277,791 US20120128426A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-20 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit |
PCT/US2011/057324 WO2012054855A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012054855A1 true WO2012054855A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
Family
ID=48222547
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/057324 WO2012054855A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2011-10-21 | Ice worthy jack-up drilling unit with gas agitation and leg ice shields |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP2630305B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20130120462A (en) |
CN (1) | CN103180514B (en) |
CA (1) | CA2812596C (en) |
RU (1) | RU2573372C2 (en) |
SG (1) | SG189102A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012054855A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103485318B (en) * | 2013-09-23 | 2015-10-21 | 浙江海洋学院 | A kind of spud leg deicer |
CN104975592A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Truss type pile leg |
CN113216122B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2022-07-01 | 江苏科技大学 | Drilling platform suitable for polar region |
EP4311758A1 (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-01-31 | Natale Viscomi | System for maneuvering ships in icy waters |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL7705518A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-11-21 | Rijn Schelde Verolme Maschf En | Deicing equipment for vulnerable components on offshore installations - comprises automatically inflatable and deflatable flexible bodies secured detachably |
FR2528466A1 (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1983-12-16 | Waertsilae Oy Ab | PROCESS FOR THE PROTECTION OF STATIONARY CONSTRUCTIONS LOCATED IN WATER AND SURROUNDED BY WATER AGAINST A FLOATING ICE FIELD AS WELL AS A PROTECTION STRUCTURE FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAID PROCEDURE |
US20080237175A1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Remedial (Cyprus) Pcl | Extension assemblies and methods thereof |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI822158L (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1983-12-16 | Waertsilae Oy Ab | BORRNINGSPLATTFORM |
CN1132535A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1996-10-02 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | Offshore platform structure and reusable foundation pile sleeve for use with such a structure |
NL1000585C2 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1996-12-17 | Marine Structure Consul | Bottom support construction for a leg end of a movable lifting platform. |
CN201172814Y (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2008-12-31 | 中国石油集团海洋工程有限公司 | Shallow sea self-lifting production testing work platform |
-
2011
- 2011-10-21 KR KR1020137010000A patent/KR20130120462A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-10-21 SG SG2013022348A patent/SG189102A1/en unknown
- 2011-10-21 RU RU2013123024/13A patent/RU2573372C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2011-10-21 EP EP11782697.4A patent/EP2630305B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-10-21 CA CA2812596A patent/CA2812596C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-10-21 WO PCT/US2011/057324 patent/WO2012054855A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-21 CN CN201180050470.3A patent/CN103180514B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL7705518A (en) * | 1977-05-18 | 1978-11-21 | Rijn Schelde Verolme Maschf En | Deicing equipment for vulnerable components on offshore installations - comprises automatically inflatable and deflatable flexible bodies secured detachably |
FR2528466A1 (en) * | 1982-06-15 | 1983-12-16 | Waertsilae Oy Ab | PROCESS FOR THE PROTECTION OF STATIONARY CONSTRUCTIONS LOCATED IN WATER AND SURROUNDED BY WATER AGAINST A FLOATING ICE FIELD AS WELL AS A PROTECTION STRUCTURE FOR THE APPLICATION OF THE SAID PROCEDURE |
US20080237175A1 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-02 | Remedial (Cyprus) Pcl | Extension assemblies and methods thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2630305A1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
SG189102A1 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
EP2630305B1 (en) | 2015-07-22 |
CN103180514A (en) | 2013-06-26 |
KR20130120462A (en) | 2013-11-04 |
RU2573372C2 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
CA2812596A1 (en) | 2012-04-26 |
RU2013123024A (en) | 2014-11-27 |
CN103180514B (en) | 2016-05-18 |
CA2812596C (en) | 2015-06-30 |
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