WO2012053796A2 - 차분 움직임벡터 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법, 및 그것을 이용한 영상 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
차분 움직임벡터 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법, 및 그것을 이용한 영상 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/523—Motion estimation or motion compensation with sub-pixel accuracy
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
- H04N19/517—Processing of motion vectors by encoding
- H04N19/52—Processing of motion vectors by encoding by predictive encoding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/91—Entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or arithmetic coding
Definitions
- Embodiments of the present invention relate to a differential motion vector encoding / decoding apparatus and a video encoding / decoding apparatus and method using the same.
- a differential motion vector encoding / decoding apparatus for estimating a motion vector with different resolutions for each search region and adaptively encoding / decoding a differential motion vector corresponding to the resolution to increase compression and reconstruction efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an encoder according to a conventional H.264 / AVC.
- an encoder based on H.264 / AVC encodes input image data by performing intra prediction / inter prediction, transform quantization, entropy coding, and the like.
- inter prediction is a process for removing temporal redundancy
- intra prediction is for removing spatial redundancy.
- the deduplicated data is compressed during the transformation and quantization steps. This compressed data is made into a bitstream through an entropy encoder.
- a video is composed of a series of pictures, and each picture is divided into a predetermined area such as a macroblock, and the macroblock is a reference unit of image encoding and decoding.
- Macroblocks are broadly classified into intra macroblocks and inter macroblocks according to encoding methods.
- An intra macroblock refers to a macroblock that is encoded by using an intra prediction coding method of intra prediction.
- Intra prediction encoding is a method of generating a prediction block by predicting a pixel of a current block by using pixels of blocks that have been previously encoded, decoded, and reconstructed in a current picture that performs current encoding, and encoding a difference value with a pixel of the current block. That's the way.
- An inter macroblock refers to a macroblock that is encoded by using inter prediction coding of inter prediction.
- Inter prediction encoding is a method of generating a prediction block by predicting a current block in a current picture with reference to one or more past pictures or future pictures, and encoding a difference value with the current block.
- a picture referred to for encoding or decoding the current picture is referred to as a reference picture.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a video encoding apparatus schematically showing a video encoding apparatus according to H.264 / AVC.
- the inter predictor performs inter prediction by dividing a macroblock into units of 16 ⁇ 16, 16 ⁇ 8, 8 ⁇ 16, 8 ⁇ 8, 8 ⁇ 4, 4 ⁇ 8, and 4 ⁇ 4 blocks.
- the inter prediction encodes the difference between the two blocks by finding the block having the highest coding efficiency in the previously coded frame of the block to be currently coded.
- the process of finding a block with high coding efficiency is a step of estimating a motion vector.
- the method of estimating the motion vector of the current block selects the motion vector having the lowest cost among the many candidate motion vectors according to Equation 1 as the optimal motion vector.
- Distortion means the sum of the absolute values of the difference between the current block and the block indicated by the motion vector
- Rate is the value predicted for encoding the estimated motion vector
- ⁇ means the Lagrange product
- the process of encoding the estimated motion vector is as follows. First, a predicted motion vector (PMV) predicted from neighboring blocks of the current block is calculated, and then a difference vector between the PMV and the motion vector found for the current block is calculated.
- PMV predicted motion vector
- motion can be predicted and used in integer units, but motion can be predicted more precisely in half-pixel or quarter-pixel increments. This is because the image is not only moved in integer pixels but can be moved in half pixels or quarter pixels. Therefore, when predicting only integer pixels, coding efficiency decreases in an image moving by half or quarter pixel units.
- JM software a conventional video codec, estimates motion vectors up to integer pixels, half pixels, and quarter pixels, and then selects the current motion vector with the best resolution and the block to be coded. To compress the signal.
- KTA software can find more precise motion by estimating the motion vector from integer pixel unit to 1/8 pixel unit.
- the reference picture has only integer pixel values and no half or quarter pixels have values.
- a half pixel or quarter pixel value is generated using a given integer pixel value.
- JM a method of making half pixel and quarter pixel values, as shown in Fig. 2, produces half pixel values with six integer pixel values around. Further, a quarter pixel and a half pixel and an integer pixel are obtained by using a bi linear interpolation method.
- KTA another reference software, KTA, can generate motion vectors up to 1/8 pixel units, and the method is shown in FIG. 3.
- the conventional differential motion vector encoding method may be performed through the tables of FIGS. 4 and 5.
- 4 and 5 illustrate codebooks for encoding differential motion vectors when using resolutions of motion vectors up to 1/4 and 1/8 pixel units, respectively.
- the encoding method obtains the differential motion vectors of the x-axis and the y-axis, respectively, and makes a bit string using a code number corresponding to the differential motion vector among the values shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of a decoder based on H.264 / AVC.
- the block data values coming from the encoder are subjected to entropy decoding, inverse quantization, and inverse transformation in order to produce differential block signal values containing quantization errors.
- a differential motion vector value is generated using a codebook as shown in FIG. 4 or 5, and a motion vector value is generated by calculating PMV in the same manner as an encoder.
- the reconstructed image is generated by adding the motion compensation block from the reference image to the differential block signal value containing the quantization error using the motion vector.
- Long codewords are used to encode a motion vector having a small size, such as a codeword for encoding a motion vector having a resolution of 1/2 pixel and a resolution of a quarter pixel and a motion of a resolution of an integer pixel. This is because a codeword for encoding a vector is used together.
- estimating a high resolution motion vector has the advantage of finding a reference block that is highly correlated with the current coding block, but it is variable considering all resolution vectors ranging from a low resolution motion vector value to a high resolution motion vector value. Since the length codeword is used, the compression efficiency can be lowered. For example, if a specific frame can be encoded using only integer vectors or motion vectors of 1/2 pixel units, if you use a variable-length codebook that takes into account all resolutions from integer pixel units to 1/8 pixel units, Because of the codewords considering unused 1/4 pixels and 1/8 pixels, the lengths of variable length codewords of frequently used integer pixels and 1/2 pixel code vectors may be increased, resulting in low compression efficiency. . On the contrary, in some cases, due to the characteristics of internal pixel values in a specific frame, the compression efficiency may be high when variable length codewords considering motion vectors of all resolutions from integer pixel units to 1/8 pixel units are used.
- the embodiment of the present invention has been devised to efficiently solve the above-described problem, and estimates a motion vector at different resolutions for each search region, and accordingly compresses the differential motion vector by adaptively encoding / decoding corresponding to the resolution. And a differential motion vector encoding / decoding apparatus and method for improving the reconstruction efficiency, and an image encoding / decoding apparatus and method using the same.
- the image encoding / decoding apparatus for achieving the above object sets the resolution of different motion vectors for each search region around the predicted motion vector of the current block, and corresponds to each search region.
- an image decoder extracting the differential motion vector from the bitstream and decoding the extracted differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas.
- an apparatus for encoding a differential motion vector comprising: an area resolution setting unit configured to set resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area around a predicted motion vector of a current block; A motion estimator for estimating motion at a resolution corresponding to each search area to generate a motion vector; A differential motion vector calculator configured to calculate a differential motion vector between the generated motion vector and the predicted motion vector; And a differential motion vector encoder which encodes the calculated differential motion vector at a resolution corresponding to the generated motion vector.
- the differential motion vector encoding apparatus may further include a threshold encoder that encodes the threshold of each search region at the maximum resolution of the corresponding region and transmits the threshold value of the search region to the decoder as a bitstream.
- the resolution setting unit for each region may set resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region to values agreed with the decoder.
- the resolution setting unit for each region may set the resolution for each search region such that the resolution of the motion vector is lowered as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block increases.
- the resolution setting unit for each region may set the resolution for each search region such that the resolution of the motion vector increases as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block increases.
- the resolution setting unit for each region may set different resolutions of the motion vectors for each search region by varying sections of each search region according to the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction based on the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- a differential motion vector decoding apparatus comprising: a threshold decoding unit configured to extract and decode a threshold value encoded at a maximum resolution for each search region in a bitstream received from an encoder; An area resolution setting unit for setting resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area based on the decoded thresholds; And a differential motion vector decoder extracting the differential motion vector from the bitstream and decoding the extracted differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas.
- a differential motion vector decoding apparatus for achieving the above object is a resolution for each region for dividing a search region by a threshold value mutually agreed with an encoder and setting resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region.
- Setting unit And a differential motion vector decoder extracting the differential motion vector from the bitstream and decoding the extracted differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas.
- an image encoding / decoding method sets resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area around a predicted motion vector of a current block, and corresponds to each search area.
- the differential motion vector encoding method may further include encoding a threshold value of each search region at the maximum resolution of the corresponding region and transmitting the encoded value to the decoder as a bitstream.
- resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region may be set to values agreed with the decoder.
- the resolution may be set for each search area such that the resolution of the motion vector is lowered as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block increases.
- the resolution may be set for each search area such that the resolution of the motion vector increases as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block increases.
- the resolution setting step may set the resolution of the different motion vector for each search area by varying the sections of each search area according to the x-axis direction and the y-axis direction around the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the compression and reconstruction efficiency in the case of using a variable length codebook by estimating a motion vector at different resolutions for each search region and adaptively encoding / decoding a differential motion vector corresponding to the resolution To increase.
- 1 is a diagram schematically showing a structure of an encoder according to H.264 / AVC.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a half pixel and a quarter pixel value in a video codec JM.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method of estimating a motion vector up to 1/8 pixel unit in KTA, which is reference software.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of a conventional quarter pixel unit.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of a conventional 1/8 pixel unit.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a structure of a decoder according to H.264 / AVC.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus for encoding a differential motion vector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating two-dimensional division of a search region based on a predicted motion vector of the current block.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating region division of a search region in one dimension based on a predicted motion vector of the current block.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a resolution type of a motion vector available for each search area decreases as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block decreases, and the resolution of the motion vector decreases.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector according to FIG. 10.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the types of resolutions of the available motion vectors for each search area increase as the distance from the predicted motion vector of the current block increases, and the resolution of the motion vectors increases.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector according to FIG. 12.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of arbitrarily setting a type of resolution that can be used for each search area irrespective of a distance based on a predicted motion vector of a current block.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector according to FIG. 14.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a region division for a search region is set differently according to an x-axis and a y-axis based on a predicted motion vector of a current block.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of determining a motion vector for each section about an x-axis of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of FIG. 17.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of determining a motion vector for each section about the y-axis of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of FIG. 19.
- 21 is a diagram schematically showing an apparatus for decoding a differential motion vector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 22 is a diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus for decoding a differential motion vector according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector encoding method of the differential motion vector encoding apparatus of FIG. 7.
- 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of setting a resolution application region of a motion vector in a quadrangular shape.
- 25 is a diagram illustrating an example of setting a resolution application region of a motion vector in a rhombus shape.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a change in syntax due to a threshold value transmitted to a decoder.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector decoding method by the differential motion vector decoding apparatus of FIG. 21.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector decoding method by the differential motion vector decoding apparatus of FIG. 22.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating an example in which all threshold values that are currently encoded and used in all reference frames are equally used.
- 30 is a diagram illustrating an example of using different threshold values for all reference images.
- a video encoding apparatus (Video Encoding Apparatus), a video decoding apparatus (Video Decoding Apparatus) to be described below is a personal computer (PC), notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable multimedia player (PMP) : Portable Multimedia Player (PSP), PlayStation Portable (PSP: PlayStation Portable), Mobile Communication Terminal (Mobile Communication Terminal), and the like, and may be used to encode a video or a communication device such as a communication modem for communicating with various devices or a wired or wireless communication network. It refers to various devices having various programs for decoding and a memory for storing data, a microprocessor for executing and controlling a program.
- PC personal computer
- PDA personal digital assistant
- PMP portable multimedia player
- PSP Portable Multimedia Player
- PSP PlayStation Portable
- Mobile Communication Terminal Mobile Communication Terminal
- the image encoded in the bitstream by the video encoding apparatus is real-time or non-real-time through the wired or wireless communication network, such as the Internet, local area wireless communication network, wireless LAN network, WiBro network, mobile communication network, or the like, or a cable, universal serial bus (USB: Universal)
- the image decoding apparatus may be transmitted to a video decoding apparatus through a communication interface such as a serial bus, decoded by the video decoding apparatus, reconstructed, and played back.
- the technique described in the present invention is not limited to the motion vector estimation unit (eg, macroblock, 16x16, 16x8, 8x16, 8x8, 4x8, 8x4, 4x4) used in the existing H.264 or KTA,
- the size of the vector estimation block is not limited.
- the present technology may be used when the motion vector estimation unit is square, rectangular, triangular, and various other forms.
- the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 includes a resolution setting unit 710 for each region, a motion estimation unit 720, a differential motion vector calculating unit 730, a differential motion vector encoding unit 740, and The threshold encoder 750 may be included.
- the resolution setting unit 710 sets resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area based on the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the conventional encoding of differential motion vectors uses motion vectors of the same resolution in all regions around the predicted motion vectors.
- the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 estimates motion vectors having different resolutions for each search region based on the predicted motion vectors, unlike the conventional differential motion vector encoding method.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region sets the resolution for each search region such that the resolution of the motion vector is lower as the distance from the prediction motion vector becomes farther, or the distance is far from the prediction motion vector of the current block. As the resolution increases, the resolution of the motion vector may be set for each search area.
- the available resolution may be variously set according to the distance based on the predicted motion vector of the current block, without being limited thereto.
- different search vectors may be set for each search region by varying sections of the search region according to directions based on the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each area may calculate a threshold value for each area of each search area by using the current image and the reference image.
- a method of calculating a threshold is not limited, and a table (codebook) for encoding a differential motion vector may be generated using a threshold of a predetermined search region.
- the motion estimation unit 720 generates a motion vector by estimating the motion at a resolution corresponding to each search area set by the resolution setting unit 710 for each area.
- the differential motion vector calculator 730 calculates a differential motion vector between the motion vector generated by the motion estimator 720 and the predicted motion vector.
- the differential motion vector encoder 740 encodes the differential motion vector calculated by the differential motion vector calculator 730 with a resolution corresponding to the motion vector generated by the motion estimation unit 720.
- the threshold encoder 750 encodes the threshold value of each search region at the maximum resolution of the region and transmits the threshold value of the search region to the decoder as a bitstream.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region uses a threshold value indicating a range of an area promised with the decoder, and thus different movements for each search region. It may be implemented to set the resolution of the vector.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating region division of a search region in two dimensions based on a predicted motion vector of a current block
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating region segmentation of a search region in one dimension based on a predicted motion vector of a current block. to be.
- a search region for estimating a motion vector according to a distance based on the predicted motion vector of the current block may be divided.
- FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 show that each area is divided at the same interval, the present invention is not limited thereto and each area may be set at different intervals.
- the divided search regions have motion vectors of different resolutions in each region. For example, area A uses motion vector resolution up to 1 / 8pel, area B uses motion vector resolution up to 1/4 pel, area C uses motion vector resolution up to 1 / 2pel, and area D uses integer resolution.
- the motion vector is encoded.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a type of resolution of a usable motion vector decreases as the distance of each search area increases with respect to the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region is up to 1/8 resolution in the A region, up to 1/4 resolution in the B region, 1/2 resolution in the C region, and finally 1 / in the D region. It may be set to estimate the motion vector in consideration of up to 1 resolution.
- the size of the differential motion vector is between -2/8 and 2/8, then in the area A, 3/8 to 8/8 and -3/8 If it exists between -8/8, it can be set to B area, and if it exists between 9/8-16/8 and -9/8 to -16/8, it can be set to C area and D area if it exists in other area.
- the range of each region described herein is only an example in consideration of 1/8 resolution, but is not limited thereto.
- the threshold encoder 750 encodes the threshold of each search region to inform the region set in the decoder.
- the threshold may be encoded and used according to the maximum resolution. For example, when only up to a 1/4 pixel area is used, the threshold encoder 750 encodes the threshold value in units of 1/4 pixels and transmits the threshold value to the decoder. Since the above example uses up to a 1/8 pixel region, the threshold encoder 750 generates a threshold value in units of 1/8 pixels and transmits the threshold value to the decoder. The embodiment according to the present invention does not limit the method of transmitting the threshold value. Using the above example, the codebook of FIG. 5 is newly designed, as shown in FIG. 11.
- FIG. 11 is a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector according to FIG. 10, and is written in Exponential Golomb Code as shown in FIG. 4 or 5.
- Exponential Golmb Code counts the number of zeros before the first one and counts how many bits are read after the first one. 4 and 5 manufactured in the conventional manner, and FIG. 11 produced in the manner according to the embodiment of the present invention, have the same relationship between the code number and the bit string since the codebook is produced in the same manner. Only the differential motion vector value indicated by each code number is different.
- a differential motion vector is coded with an Exponential Golomb Code, a code number is assigned to a smaller value first, and if it is the same size, a code number is assigned to a positive value first. This method is used equally by the encoder and the decoder.
- a codebook for a differential motion vector is prepared using the example shown in FIG. 10, it can be written as shown in FIG. 11. Since area A supports up to 1/8 resolution, the motion vector is closely searched as shown in FIG. On the other hand, since the B region finds the motion vector considering the 1/4 resolution, the motion vector of 3/8, 5/8, 7/8, corresponding to 1/8 resolution is excluded from the codebook. In the C area, since the resolution is considered to be 1/2 resolution, the motion vectors of the points corresponding to 1/4 resolution and 1/8 resolution are 9/8, 10/8 (5/4), 11/8, 13/8, 14 / 8 (7/4) and 15/8 are excluded from the codebook. Finally, in the area D, only 1/1 resolution is considered, so points corresponding to 1/2, 1/4, and 1/8 resolutions are excluded from the codebook.
- the existing algorithm indicates the second integer pixel 8/8 (1).
- the fourth integer pixel is used. 3/1 (24/8).
- the resolution type becomes smaller as the distance from the prediction motion vector of the current block becomes smaller is described as an example. It may be set.
- the motion vector can be estimated by considering 1/1 resolution in area A, 1/2 resolution in B area, 1/4 resolution in C area, and 1/8 resolution in D area. Can be.
- the magnitude of the differential motion vector is between -3/8 and 3/8, the area A, 4/8 to 12/8 and -4/8 to -12 / If it is between 8, it can be set to B area, and if it is between 13/8 to 20/8 and -13/8 to -20/8, it can be set to C area and D area if it exists in other area.
- a codebook for a differential motion vector is prepared using the example shown in FIG. 12, it can be written as shown in FIG. 13. Since area A supports up to 1/1 resolution, a motion vector is created only at a 1/1 resolution position as shown in FIG. On the other hand, in the B region, motion vectors are searched for up to 1/2 resolution, so motion vectors corresponding to 1/4 and 1/8 resolutions are 5/8, 6/8 (3/4), 7/8, and 9/8. , 11/8 is excluded from the codebook. In the area C, up to 1/4 resolution is considered, and motion vectors 13/8, 15/8, 17/8, and 19/8 corresponding to 1/8 resolution are excluded from the codebook. Finally, since D is considered up to 1/8, the motion vector is found for all resolutions.
- the type of resolution available for each search region may be arbitrarily set based on the predicted motion vector of the current block regardless of the distance.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of arbitrarily setting types of resolutions available for each search area regardless of a distance from a predicted motion vector of a current block
- FIG. 15 is a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector according to FIG. 14. A diagram showing an example.
- each threshold value for each search region may be encoded by the threshold encoder 750 and then transmitted to the decoder, or the transmission of the threshold value may be omitted by the encoder and the decoder promising to use the threshold values for each search region. You may.
- the information about the resolution combination of motion vectors used in each region divided by the thresholds for each search region may also be used as promised at the transmitter and the receiver, or may be transmitted after encoding information about the resolution combination at the encoder. .
- the search area setting for the x-axis and the y-axis may be differently set as shown in FIG. 16. That is, the threshold value used in each of the x-axis and the y-axis may be different values.
- an example of determining a motion vector for each x-axis section may be illustrated in FIG. 17, and a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of an x-axis according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be illustrated in FIG. 18.
- an example of determining a motion vector for each y-axis interval may be illustrated in FIG. 19, and a codebook for encoding a differential motion vector of the y-axis according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may be illustrated as illustrated in FIG. 20.
- An embodiment of the differential motion vector decoding apparatus 2100 may include a threshold decoder 2110, an area-specific resolution setting unit 2120, and a differential motion vector decoding unit 2130.
- the threshold decoder 2110 extracts and decodes a threshold value for each search region from the bitstream received from the encoder.
- the threshold value is a threshold value for each area of each search area set by the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and is encoded at the maximum resolution among the resolutions of the motion vectors available in each area. It is.
- the resolution setting unit 2120 for each region sets resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region based on the threshold values decoded by the threshold decoder 2110. That is, the resolution setting unit 2120 for each region may know the available motion vector resolution in each region for each search region set by the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 based on each of the decoded threshold values. For example, when the threshold value of the region A of FIG. 10 is extracted and decoded from the bitstream, it can be seen that the application region of the region A is -2/8 to 2/8, and thus the motion available in the region. Since the maximum resolution of the vector is encoded by 1/8, it can be seen that a motion vector resolution within the maximum resolution of 1/8 can be used.
- the differential motion vector decoder 2130 extracts the differential motion vector from the bitstream, and decodes the differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas.
- the differential motion vector decoder 2130 may generate the codebook as shown in FIG. 11 by sequentially arranging the differential motion vectors in the order of the bitstrings based on the decoded threshold values of the respective search areas.
- the bitstring and the index number (code number) assigned to each bitstring are preferably generated the same as the bitstring used in the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 and the index number assigned to each bitstring. Do.
- an embodiment of the differential motion vector decoding apparatus 2200 may include an area-specific resolution setting unit 2210 and a differential motion vector decoding unit 2220.
- the resolution setting unit 2210 for each region may set resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region to values agreed with the encoder.
- the resolution setting unit 2210 for each region may set the resolution of each search region and the usable motion vector as shown in FIG. 10 in agreement with the encoder.
- the differential motion vector decoder 2220 extracts the differential motion vector from the bitstream, and decodes the differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas.
- FIG. 23 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector encoding method of the differential motion vector encoding apparatus of FIG. 7.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region sets resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area around the predicted motion vector of the current block (S2310). To this end, the resolution setting unit 710 for each region sets the resolution for each search region such that the resolution of the motion vector is lower as the distance from the prediction motion vector becomes farther, or the distance is far from the prediction motion vector of the current block. As the resolution increases, the resolution of the motion vector may be set for each search area. Alternatively, the available resolution may be variously set according to the distance based on the predicted motion vector of the current block, without being limited thereto. In addition, different search vectors may be set for each search area by different sections of the search area according to the x and y axis directions based on the predicted motion vector of the current block.
- the shape of the search area may be set as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25.
- 24 is a diagram illustrating a case in which the search region is set in a quadrangle shape
- FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating a case in which the search region is set in a rhombus shape.
- a search region is encoded in two dimensions, it may be easier to compress a motion vector.
- the resolution is determined and used as shown in FIG. 10
- the x-axis and the y-axis are encoded in FIG.
- 2D if a difference value is found to be larger among the difference motion values of the x-axis and the y-axis, the smaller value of the difference value can directly calculate its resolution.
- the differential motion vector currently encoded with the differential motion value for the x-axis is considered to be up to 1/4 of the motion. It can be seen that. Therefore, instead of using the codebook considering 1/8, the y-axis can use the codebook considering 1/4.
- the encoding of the differential motion vector according to the embodiment of the present invention can set the search region in various ways, and the method of setting the search region is not limited.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region may calculate a threshold value for each region of each search region using the current image and the reference image.
- a method of calculating a threshold is not limited, and a table (codebook) for encoding a differential motion vector may be generated using a threshold of a predetermined search region.
- the threshold encoder 750 encodes the threshold of each search region at the maximum resolution of the corresponding region and transmits the threshold value of the search region to the decoder as a bitstream (S2320).
- the threshold value encoding unit 750 may encode and insert the gap between the slice header and the coding unit block as illustrated in FIG. 26.
- the coded threshold is used by the decoder to decode the current frame.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating a method of adding a threshold to a slice header and transmitting the differential motion vector according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 26, the above-mentioned threshold value is encoded and sent after the slice header.
- the resolution setting unit 710 for each region has a threshold value indicating a range of the area promised with the decoder. It may be implemented to set the resolution. In this case, the encoding of the threshold may be omitted.
- the motion estimator 720 generates a motion vector by estimating the motion at a resolution corresponding to each search area set by the resolution setting unit 710 for each area (S2330).
- the differential motion vector calculator 730 calculates a differential motion vector between the motion vector generated by the motion estimation unit 720 and the predicted motion vector (S2340).
- the differential motion vector encoder 740 encodes the differential motion vector calculated by the differential motion vector calculator 730 with a resolution corresponding to the motion vector generated by the motion estimation unit 720 (S2350).
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector decoding method by the differential motion vector decoding apparatus of FIG. 21.
- the threshold decoder 2110 extracts and decodes a threshold value for each search region from a bitstream received from an encoder (S2710).
- the area resolution setting unit 2120 sets resolutions of different motion vectors for each search area based on the threshold values decoded by the threshold decoder 2110 (S2720). That is, the resolution setting unit 2120 for each region may know the available motion vector resolution in each region for each search region set by the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 based on each of the decoded threshold values.
- the differential motion vector decoder 2130 extracts the differential motion vector from the bitstream, and decodes the differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas (S2730).
- the differential motion vector decoder 2130 may generate the codebook as shown in FIG. 11 by sequentially arranging the differential motion vectors in the order of the bitstrings based on the decoded threshold values of the respective search areas.
- the bitstring and the index number (code number) assigned to each bitstring are preferably generated the same as the bitstring used in the differential motion vector encoding apparatus 700 and the index number assigned to each bitstring. Do.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart illustrating a differential motion vector decoding method by the differential motion vector decoding apparatus of FIG. 22.
- the resolution setting unit 2210 for each region may set resolutions of different motion vectors for each search region to values agreed with the encoder (S2810).
- the resolution setting unit 2210 for each region may set the resolution of each search region and the usable motion vector as shown in FIG. 10 in agreement with the encoder.
- the differential motion vector decoder 2220 extracts the differential motion vector from the bitstream, and decodes the differential motion vector according to the resolution corresponding to the area to which the differential motion vector belongs among the respective search areas (S2820).
- a method of using a threshold when a video is compressed and decoded using a plurality of reference pictures will be described.
- To decode the current image first, information is read from a slice header, a threshold is read, and data of a coding unit block is read. The decoded threshold is used for each reference picture to decode the current frame through motion compensation.
- FIG. 29 shows an example of using the same threshold values that are currently encoded in all reference frames.
- FIG. 30 shows an example of using a threshold value differently according to characteristics of the reference image.
- the embodiment of the present invention estimates a motion vector at different resolutions for each search region, and accordingly uses a variable length codebook by adaptively encoding / decoding a differential motion vector corresponding to the resolution. It is a very useful invention that produces the effect of increasing the compression and recovery efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (18)
- 영상 부호화/복호화 장치에 있어서,현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역에 대응하는 해상도로 움직임을 추정하여 움직임벡터를 생성하고, 생성된 상기 움직임벡터와 상기 예측 움직임벡터 사이의 차분 움직임벡터를 생성된 상기 움직임벡터에 대응하는 해상도로 부호화하는 영상 부호화기; 및비트스트림으로부터 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 영상 복호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화/복호화 장치.
- 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치에 있어서,현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 영역별 해상도 설정부;각각의 상기 탐색 영역에 대응하는 해상도로 움직임을 추정하여 움직임벡터를 생성하는 움직임 추정부;생성된 상기 움직임벡터와 상기 예측 움직임벡터 사이의 차분 움직임벡터를 계산하는 차분 움직임벡터 계산부; 및계산된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 생성된 상기 움직임벡터에 대응하는 해상도로 부호화하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서,각각의 상기 탐색 영역의 임계값을 해당 영역의 최대 해상도로 부호화하여 비트스트림으로 복호기에 전송하는 임계값 부호화부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서,상기 영역별 해상도 설정부는,복호기와 상호 약속된 값으로 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서,상기 영역별 해상도 설정부는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 거리가 멀어질수록 움직임벡터의 해상도가 낮아지도록 상기 탐색 영역별로 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서,상기 영역별 해상도 설정부는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 거리가 멀어질수록 움직임벡터의 해상도가 높아지도록 상기 탐색 영역별로 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서,상기 영역별 해상도 설정부는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 x축 방향과 y축 방향에 따라 각각의 탐색 영역의 구간을 다르게 하여 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 장치.
- 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 장치에 있어서,부호화기로부터 수신되는 비트스트림에서 탐색 영역별로 최대 해상도로 부호화된 임계값을 추출하여 복호화하는 임계값 복호화부;복호화된 각각의 상기 임계값에 기초하여 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 영역별 해상도 설정부; 및상기 비트스트림으로부터 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 장치.
- 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 장치에 있어서,부호화기와 상호 약속된 임계값으로 탐색영역을 구분하고 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 영역별 해상도 설정부; 및비트스트림으로부터 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 장치.
- 영상 부호화/복호화 방법에 있어서,현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역에 대응하는 해상도로 움직임을 추정하여 움직임벡터를 생성하고, 생성된 상기 움직임벡터와 상기 예측 움직임벡터 사이의 차분 움직임벡터를 생성된 상기 움직임벡터에 대응하는 해상도로 부호화하는 영상 부호화 단계; 및비트스트림으로부터 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 영상 복호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화/복호화 방법.
- 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법에 있어서,현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 단계;각각의 상기 탐색 영역에 대응하는 해상도로 움직임을 추정하여 움직임벡터를 생성하는 단계;생성된 상기 움직임벡터와 상기 예측 움직임벡터 사이의 차분 움직임벡터를 계산하는 단계; 및계산된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 생성된 상기 움직임벡터에 대응하는 해상도로 부호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,각각의 상기 탐색 영역의 임계값을 해당 영역의 최대 해상도로 부호화하여 비트스트림으로 복호기에 전송하는 단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 해상도 설정단계는,복호기와 상호 약속된 값으로 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 해상도 설정단계는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 거리가 멀어질수록 움직임벡터의 해상도가 낮아지도록 상기 탐색 영역별로 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 해상도 설정단계는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 거리가 멀어질수록 움직임벡터의 해상도가 높아지도록 상기 탐색 영역별로 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 제 11항에 있어서,상기 해상도 설정단계는,상기 현재블록의 예측 움직임벡터를 중심으로 x축 방향과 y축 방향에 따라 각각의 탐색 영역의 구간을 다르게 하여 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 부호화 방법.
- 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 방법에 있어서,부호화기로부터 수신되는 비트스트림에서 탐색 영역별로 최대 해상도로 부호화된 임계값을 추출하여 복호화하는 단계;복호화된 각각의 상기 임계값에 기초하여 상기 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 단계; 및상기 비트스트림으로부터 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 방법.
- 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 방법에 있어서,부호화기와 상호 약속된 임계값으로 탐색영역을 구분하고 탐색 영역별로 서로 다른 움직임벡터의 해상도를 설정하는 단계; 및비트스트림으로부터 차분 움직임벡터를 추출하며, 각각의 상기 탐색 영역 중 상기 차분 움직임벡터가 속하는 영역에 대응하는 해상도에 따라 추출된 상기 차분 움직임벡터를 복호화하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 차분 움직임벡터 복호화 방법.
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KR102349788B1 (ko) * | 2015-01-13 | 2022-01-11 | 인텔렉추얼디스커버리 주식회사 | 영상의 부호화/복호화 방법 및 장치 |
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- 2011-10-18 CN CN201180049929.8A patent/CN103155560B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-18 US US13/880,004 patent/US20130202047A1/en not_active Abandoned
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KR101479130B1 (ko) | 2015-01-07 |
CN103155560A (zh) | 2013-06-12 |
WO2012053796A3 (ko) | 2012-06-21 |
US20130202047A1 (en) | 2013-08-08 |
KR20120039967A (ko) | 2012-04-26 |
CN103155560B (zh) | 2016-11-09 |
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