WO2012050979A1 - Novel feed additive - Google Patents
Novel feed additive Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012050979A1 WO2012050979A1 PCT/US2011/054018 US2011054018W WO2012050979A1 WO 2012050979 A1 WO2012050979 A1 WO 2012050979A1 US 2011054018 W US2011054018 W US 2011054018W WO 2012050979 A1 WO2012050979 A1 WO 2012050979A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glutamine
- bioglutamine
- animal feed
- produce
- feed
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
Definitions
- This invention relates to novel feed additives containing L-glutamine.
- L-Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the bloodstream and muscles, accounting for 30 to 35% of amino acids Nitrogen in the plasma and in the free amino acid pool in the body (Newsholme et al, 1985). It is the major vehicle for nitrogen transfer between tissues. Glutamine is the principal metabolic fuel for small intestine enterocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts (Cynober, 1999, Andrew and Griffith, 2002) and is considered an essential amino acid in some species under inflammatory condition such as infection and injury (Newsholme, 2001).
- L-Glutamine has long been used as a dietary supplement and pharmaceutical ingredient for human health and wellness. Its benefit includes three aspects: First, L-glutamine promotes protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation. Its supplementation is very popular in body-builders for muscle building and for energy during exercise. Second, L-glutamine aids building intestinal mucosa, maintaining gut barrier function, and decreasing intestinal permeability, which reduces intestinal infection, septic morbidity and the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Third, L-glutamine is an ammunonutrient that stimulates immunocyte proliferation and increases cytokine (IL-1) secretion, which boost immune response.
- IL-1 cytokine
- L-glutamine is used extensively in treatment of serious illness such as aiding gastrointestinal tract function and recovery after infection, trauma, and surgery. In recent years, the beneficial effect of L-glutamine has also been demonstrated in livestock animals. For muscle growth, Yi et al (2001) reported that supplementing the standard corn-soybean mean (SBM) diet with 1% L-glutamine improved weight gain and feed efficiency of turkey poults. Kitt et al (2002) also reported that the addition of 1% L-glutamine to the diet improved the feed efficiency in weanling pigs. Bartell et al (2007) reported that 1% supplementation of L-glutamine improved chicken weight grain by 11% in 21 days.
- SBM corn-soybean mean
- L-Glutamine provides as much or more energy than glucose to the digestive tract.
- Intestinal mucosal cells known as the enterocytes, utilize glutamine as a major energy source (Fleming et al, 1997). It has been determined that 35% - 40% of the carbon within glutamine is utilized for ATP formation versus 7% - 10% of glucose carbon.
- glutamine and ketone bodies are the main respiratory fuel in the post-absorptive small intestine (Windmueler and Spaeth, 1978). It has been estimated that the entire mucosal lining of the alimentary canal is shed approximately every 24 hours. Therefore, maintaining the intestinal mucosa itself is a major drain on the energy pools of the entire body.
- L-Glutamine supplementation increased intestinal villus heights in poults (Yi et al, 2001), weanling pigs (Kitt et al, 2002; Yi et al, 2002), and broiler chicks (Bartel and Batal, 2007; Murakami et al, 2007).
- L- glutamine supplementation has been reported to stimulate gut mucosal proliferation in rats (Inoue et al, 1993). It has been observed that supplementing with 1.5% L-glutamine in total parenteral nutrition diet maintains gut integrity (Naka, 1996), which is important in preventing bacterial infections.
- L-Glutamine has been shown to prevent intestinal hyper-permeability and bacterial translocation in mice during an immunological challenge (Adjei et al, 1994). Under stressful conditions, intestinal permeability increases allowing bacteria to enter the bloodstream, thus causing infection (Adjei et al, 1994). L-glutamine has also been shown to decrease the incidence of infection in surgery and trauma patients (Newsholme, 2001; Medina, 2001; Adrew and Griffiths, 2002). In a more recent experiment, although 1% supplementation of L-glutamine was not able to reduce Salmonella colonization in the ceca of young broiler chicks the supplementation did stimulate the resistant against the bacterial infection (Fasina et al. 2010),. Indeed, supplementation of 1%> L-glutamine reduced the incidence of Eimeria maxz ' ma-induced lesions in the intestine of broiler chicks (Yi et al. 2005).
- L-glutamine enhances immune response. Bartel and Batal (2007) reported that supplementation of L-glutamine stimulate the humoral immune response of broilers.
- the supplemented group also had significantly higher IgG concentration in the serum.
- L-glutamine supplementation effectively alleviated the immune suppression caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Jiang et al, 2009) or by Escherichia coli K88 + (Yi et al, 2005) challenges.
- LPS lipopolysaccharide
- Escherichia coli K88 + Yi et al, 2005
- the alleviation is most likely mediated by reduced secretion of IL- ⁇ .
- the same phenomena as also reported in broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (Fasina et al. 2010).
- L-glutamine is increasingly demonstrated to be an excellent feed additive in experiment, it is not used as a practical feed additive livestock animal yet.
- Chengzhi Life Science Co Ltd the long time manufacturer of L-glutamine, has recently developed a new process technology that produced L-glutamine in a nutritional mix, BioGlutamineTM, which is more suitable as feed additive.
- BioGlutamineTM feed additive has much more nutritional components. First, it is a protein source, having over 30% of ready digestible protein (Table 1). Second, it contains other amino acids such as leucine, iso leucine, methionine, threonine, and cysteine essential amino acids (Table 2). Third, BioGlutamineTM A feed additive contains live bacteria that can serves as probiotic, which is beneficial for animal growth and health.
- the first process takes the advantage of our existing glutamine process and produces BioGlutamineTM feed additives as a co-product of L-glutamine (as shown in Figure la).
- the co -pro duct approach minimizes the cost and wastes associated with L-glutamine and BioGlutamineTM feed additives production.
- BioGlutamineTM feed additives production is limited by L-glutamine co- production.
- a dedicated process is developed (as shown in Figure lb). Each of these processes produces a stable BioGlutamine feed additive product.
- the L-glutmanine content in the final feed additive product varies from 8% to 36%. Table 1 examplifies two products that contains 8% or 24% L- glutamine
- FIG. 1 Process Flow Chart for BioGlutamine Production.
- Two manufacturing processes for BioGlutamineTM production have been developed. The first process takes advantage of our existing glutamine process and produces BioGlutamineTM as a co- product of L-glutamine (as shown in Figure la). The co-product approach minimizes the cost and wastes associated with glutamine and BioGlutamineTM production. However, as a co-product, BioGlutamineTM production is limited by L-glutamine co -production. In order to produce large quantities of BioGlutamineTM, a dedicated process is developed (as shown in Figure lb). Each of these processes produces a distinct BioGlutamineTM product. Process A produces a BioGlutamineTM that contains 8% glutamine while process B gives out a product that contains 24%> of glutamine.
- Suitable raw materials include glucose, corn steep liquor and ammonia sulfate.
- the fermentation may be at about 32°C, with a pH of between about 6-6.5 and dissolved oxygen of about 10-13%. Fermentation is for between about 36 - 48 hours. Flocculation, precipitation, filtration, the filtrate, which is rich in protein, can be added back into the broth. The mixture can be further mixed with processing aid and dried to produce animal feed.
- the anions and cations ion exchange are alternatively used to remove anions and cations, GA, soluble protein, and color from the broth. Vacuum concentration at 40-45 degree Celsius to reach 20-45% solids. The concentrate is cooled down slowed under gentle agitation. L-glutamine crystallizes while temperature drops. When temperature reaches 5 degree Celsius, the crystallization is terminated and the crystal- liquid mixture is centrifuged to obtain L-glutamine coarse crystal.
- the coarse crystal is dissolved into pure water under room temperature and agitation.
- the coarse crystal contains colored impurities.
- active carbon is added to remove the colored impurities under 45-50 degree Celsius.
- the active carbon is removed during filtration using 0.22 um filter.
- the decolored L-glutamine solution is recrystallized to obtain pure L-glutamine.
- Micro filtration may use a 0.22 ⁇ size. Vacuum concentration at 40-45 degree Celsius to reach 20-45%) solids.
- the concentrate is cooled down slowed under gentle agitation. L-glutamine crystallizes while temperature drops. When temperature reaches 5 degree Celsius, the crystallization is terminated and the crystal- liquid mixture is centrifuged to obtain L- glutamine coarse crystal.
- the mother liquor still contains 8-10% of L-glutamine, which is disposed under regular product condition. This 8-10% L-glutamine is recovered here to produce animal feed.
- a processing aid is to absorb water so L-glutamine can be absorbed onto the material and dried to proper animal feed.
- materials such as fiber, usually used in animal feed are used.
- Vacuum drying 40-50 degree Celsius, for 4-8 hours.
- the dried material is further milled to reach a particle size of 20-80 mesh.
- BioGlutamine B feed additive contains more nutrients (L- glutamine, glutamic acid, and protein) than BioGlutamineTM A feed additive.
- BioGlutamineTM A feed additives contain bacterial cells that could serves as probiotic function.
- BioGlutamine C feed additives is a liquid form, which a different processing aids were utilized.
- BioGlutamineTM A, B, and C feed additives have very similar nutrients profile since there starting material and processing parameters are essentially similar.
- BioGlutamineTM B feed additives contains higher concentration of glutamine and glutamic acid than BioGlutamineTM A feed additives.
- BioGlutamine C feed additive is significantly different from A and B because different processing aid are utilized.
- BioGlutamineTM feed additives have been tested by the Poultry Laboratory in the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
- the digestibility of BioGlutamineTM A and B feed additives were determined in caged cecectomized Single Comb White Leghorn roosters and TME n in conventional (intact) roosters. Twelve roosters were fasted for 24 hours and then tube- fed (into crop) 30 g of BioGlutamineTM A or B feed additives (six roosters each). A tray was placed under each cage and all excreta were collected for 48 hours.
- Product #3 has high L-glutamine and protein contents with low sulfate content. This is table shows that ammonium sulfate changes in the starting materials affects the output of the animal feed.
- BioGlutamineTM products would perform much better than its purified L- glutamine.
- the presence of other nutrients such as amino acids and metal ion further enhances the effectiveness of L-glutamine.
- the branched chain amino acids (BCAA) including L-Leucine (1.18), L-Isoleucine (0.60), and L- Valine (0.89), are essential for muscle growth.
- BioGlutamineTM A and B are important for egg production.
- BioGlutamineTM A and B feed additives also contain significant amount of Lysine, Arganine, Pheloalanine, Tyrosine, Proline, and Threonine. These amino acids are all important for animal growth.
Abstract
A novel animal feed additive containing L-glutamine.
Description
NOVEL FEED ADDITIVE
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
None.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT
Not Applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to novel feed additives containing L-glutamine.
Glutamine Supplementation in Animal Diet
L-Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in the bloodstream and muscles, accounting for 30 to 35% of amino acids Nitrogen in the plasma and in the free amino acid pool in the body (Newsholme et al, 1985). It is the major vehicle for nitrogen transfer between tissues. Glutamine is the principal metabolic fuel for small intestine enterocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts (Cynober, 1999, Andrew and Griffith, 2002) and is considered an essential amino acid in some species under inflammatory condition such as infection and injury (Newsholme, 2001).
L-Glutamine has long been used as a dietary supplement and pharmaceutical ingredient for human health and wellness. Its benefit includes three aspects: First, L-glutamine promotes protein synthesis and inhibits protein degradation. Its supplementation is very popular in body-builders for muscle building and for energy during exercise. Second, L-glutamine aids building intestinal mucosa, maintaining gut barrier function, and decreasing intestinal permeability, which reduces intestinal infection, septic morbidity and the symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). Third, L-glutamine is an ammunonutrient that stimulates immunocyte proliferation and increases cytokine (IL-1) secretion, which boost immune response. L-glutamine is used extensively in treatment of serious illness such as aiding gastrointestinal tract function and recovery after infection, trauma, and surgery.
In recent years, the beneficial effect of L-glutamine has also been demonstrated in livestock animals. For muscle growth, Yi et al (2001) reported that supplementing the standard corn-soybean mean (SBM) diet with 1% L-glutamine improved weight gain and feed efficiency of turkey poults. Kitt et al (2002) also reported that the addition of 1% L-glutamine to the diet improved the feed efficiency in weanling pigs. Bartell et al (2007) reported that 1% supplementation of L-glutamine improved chicken weight grain by 11% in 21 days. Chen et al (2009) reported that ovo injection of L-glutamine improved the pectoralis muscle mass by 25% in ducks. Wang et al (2008) reported that 1% supplementation of L-glutamine increased the body weight gain of piglet by 19%. Dai et al (2009) demonstrated that L-glutamine supplementation not only improved growth performance, but also improved meat quality and color stability of broilers under heat stress.
L-Glutamine provides as much or more energy than glucose to the digestive tract. Intestinal mucosal cells, known as the enterocytes, utilize glutamine as a major energy source (Fleming et al, 1997). It has been determined that 35% - 40% of the carbon within glutamine is utilized for ATP formation versus 7% - 10% of glucose carbon. Notably, glutamine and ketone bodies (butyrate, for example) are the main respiratory fuel in the post-absorptive small intestine (Windmueler and Spaeth, 1978). It has been estimated that the entire mucosal lining of the alimentary canal is shed approximately every 24 hours. Therefore, maintaining the intestinal mucosa itself is a major drain on the energy pools of the entire body. Repairing and building the mucosa with adequate amounts of glutamine spares precious energy pools. Increased energy production leads to improved diet/nutritional status enhancing feed efficiency and growth performance. Another benefit of raised energy is improved motility and pulsation of the intestines, contributing to efficient digestion.
L-Glutamine supplementation increased intestinal villus heights in poults (Yi et al, 2001), weanling pigs (Kitt et al, 2002; Yi et al, 2002), and broiler chicks (Bartel and Batal, 2007; Murakami et al, 2007). In experimental animals and humans, L- glutamine supplementation has been reported to stimulate gut mucosal proliferation in
rats (Inoue et al, 1993). It has been observed that supplementing with 1.5% L-glutamine in total parenteral nutrition diet maintains gut integrity (Naka, 1996), which is important in preventing bacterial infections. L-Glutamine has been shown to prevent intestinal hyper-permeability and bacterial translocation in mice during an immunological challenge (Adjei et al, 1994). Under stressful conditions, intestinal permeability increases allowing bacteria to enter the bloodstream, thus causing infection (Adjei et al, 1994). L-glutamine has also been shown to decrease the incidence of infection in surgery and trauma patients (Newsholme, 2001; Medina, 2001; Adrew and Griffiths, 2002). In a more recent experiment, although 1% supplementation of L-glutamine was not able to reduce Salmonella colonization in the ceca of young broiler chicks the supplementation did stimulate the resistant against the bacterial infection (Fasina et al. 2010),. Indeed, supplementation of 1%> L-glutamine reduced the incidence of Eimeria maxz'ma-induced lesions in the intestine of broiler chicks (Yi et al. 2005).
It is well established that L-glutamine enhances immune response. Bartel and Batal (2007) reported that supplementation of L-glutamine stimulate the humoral immune response of broilers. The birds fed diet supplemented with 1%> of L-glutamine for seven days or more had significantly higher IgA concentrations in the serum and bile than the control birds. The supplemented group also had significantly higher IgG concentration in the serum. In weaning piglets, L-glutamine supplementation effectively alleviated the immune suppression caused by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (Jiang et al, 2009) or by Escherichia coli K88+ (Yi et al, 2005) challenges. The alleviation is most likely mediated by reduced secretion of IL-Ιβ. The same phenomena as also reported in broilers challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium (Fasina et al. 2010).
While L-glutamine is increasingly demonstrated to be an excellent feed additive in experiment, it is not used as a practical feed additive livestock animal yet. First, it is too costly to add 1%> of purified L-glutamine in animal feed. Second, production of purified L-glutamine needs large amount of energy and generate considerable amount of wastes including organic wastes, which makes the process environmentally not sustainable. Third, purified glutamine is difficult to supplement
because it is poorly soluble in water and it is readily precipitate out from solution. To overcome these short-comings of purified L-glutamine, Chengzhi Life Science Co Ltd, the long time manufacturer of L-glutamine, has recently developed a new process technology that produced L-glutamine in a nutritional mix, BioGlutamine™, which is more suitable as feed additive.
The art described in this section is not intended to constitute an admission that any patent, publication or other information referred to herein is "prior art" with respect to this invention, unless specifically designated as such. In addition, this section should not be construed to mean that a search has been made or that no other pertinent information as defined in 37 C.F.R. § 1.56(a) exists.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention provides an additive that is a better feed additive than previously available. Comparing with pure L-glutamine, BioGlutamine™ feed additive has much more nutritional components. First, it is a protein source, having over 30% of ready digestible protein (Table 1). Second, it contains other amino acids such as leucine, iso leucine, methionine, threonine, and cysteine essential amino acids (Table 2). Third, BioGlutamine™ A feed additive contains live bacteria that can serves as probiotic, which is beneficial for animal growth and health.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Manufacturing Process of BioGlutamine™ Feed Additives
We have developed two manufacturing processes for BioGlutamine™ feed additive production. The first process takes the advantage of our existing glutamine process and produces BioGlutamine™ feed additives as a co-product of L-glutamine (as shown in Figure la). The co -pro duct approach minimizes the cost and wastes associated with L-glutamine and BioGlutamine™ feed additives production. However, as a co- product, BioGlutamine™ feed additives production is limited by L-glutamine co- production. In order to produce large quantities of BioGlutamine™ feed additives, a dedicated process is developed (as shown in Figure lb). Each of these processes produces
a stable BioGlutamine feed additive product. Depending on the process used and processing aid employed, the L-glutmanine content in the final feed additive product varies from 8% to 36%. Table 1 examplifies two products that contains 8% or 24% L- glutamine
Process Flow Chart for BioGlutamine Production
(a)
Figure 1. Process Flow Chart for BioGlutamine Production. Two manufacturing processes for BioGlutamine™ production have been developed. The first process takes advantage of our existing glutamine process and produces BioGlutamine™ as a co- product of L-glutamine (as shown in Figure la). The co-product approach minimizes the cost and wastes associated with glutamine and BioGlutamine™ production. However, as a co-product, BioGlutamine™ production is limited by L-glutamine co -production. In order to produce large quantities of BioGlutamine™, a dedicated process is developed (as shown in Figure lb). Each of these processes produces a distinct BioGlutamine™ product. Process A produces a BioGlutamine™ that contains 8% glutamine while process B gives out a product that contains 24%> of glutamine.
Suitable raw materials include glucose, corn steep liquor and ammonia sulfate. The fermentation may be at about 32°C, with a pH of between about 6-6.5 and dissolved oxygen of about 10-13%. Fermentation is for between about 36 - 48 hours.
Flocculation, precipitation, filtration, the filtrate, which is rich in protein, can be added back into the broth. The mixture can be further mixed with processing aid and dried to produce animal feed.
The anions and cations ion exchange are alternatively used to remove anions and cations, GA, soluble protein, and color from the broth. Vacuum concentration at 40-45 degree Celsius to reach 20-45% solids. The concentrate is cooled down slowed under gentle agitation. L-glutamine crystallizes while temperature drops. When temperature reaches 5 degree Celsius, the crystallization is terminated and the crystal- liquid mixture is centrifuged to obtain L-glutamine coarse crystal.
The coarse crystal is dissolved into pure water under room temperature and agitation. The coarse crystal contains colored impurities. After the crystal is dissolved, active carbon is added to remove the colored impurities under 45-50 degree Celsius. The active carbon is removed during filtration using 0.22 um filter. The decolored L-glutamine solution is recrystallized to obtain pure L-glutamine. Micro filtration may use a 0.22μ size. Vacuum concentration at 40-45 degree Celsius to reach 20-45%) solids. The concentrate is cooled down slowed under gentle agitation. L-glutamine crystallizes while temperature drops. When temperature reaches 5 degree Celsius, the crystallization is terminated and the crystal- liquid mixture is centrifuged to obtain L- glutamine coarse crystal.
After centrifugation, the L-glutamine crystal is dried to obtain final product. The mother liquor still contains 8-10% of L-glutamine, which is disposed under regular product condition. This 8-10% L-glutamine is recovered here to produce animal feed.
The purpose of a processing aid is to absorb water so L-glutamine can be absorbed onto the material and dried to proper animal feed. For this purpose, materials, such as fiber, usually used in animal feed are used.
Vacuum drying, 40-50 degree Celsius, for 4-8 hours. The dried material is further milled to reach a particle size of 20-80 mesh.
Charactieristics of BioGlutamine Feed Additives
The BioGlutamine™ products have been analyzed. Table 1 is a summary of their general properties.
Table 1 : Summary of BioGlutamine™ Products
Generally, BioGlutamine B feed additive contains more nutrients (L- glutamine, glutamic acid, and protein) than BioGlutamine™ A feed additive. However, BioGlutamine™ A feed additives contain bacterial cells that could serves as probiotic
function. BioGlutamine C feed additives is a liquid form, which a different processing aids were utilized.
Nutritional Analysis of a BioGlutamine™ Feed Additive
A detailed nutrient analysis, especially amino acid profile, has been performed on BioGlutamine™ A, B, and C feed additives to evaluate their nutritional value. It can be seen clearly that BioGlutamine™ A and B feed additives have very similar nutrients profile since there starting material and processing parameters are essentially similar. BioGlutamine™ B feed additives contains higher concentration of glutamine and glutamic acid than BioGlutamine™ A feed additives. BioGlutamine C feed additive is significantly different from A and B because different processing aid are utilized.
Table 2. Nutritional Profile of BioGlutamine feed additives
Digestibility of BioGlutamine Feed Additives
Amino acid digestibility of BioGlutamine™ feed additives have been tested by the Poultry Laboratory in the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The digestibility of BioGlutamine™ A and B feed additives were determined in caged cecectomized Single Comb White Leghorn roosters and TMEn in conventional (intact) roosters. Twelve roosters were fasted for 24 hours and then tube- fed (into crop) 30 g of BioGlutamine™ A or B feed additives (six roosters each). A tray was placed under each cage and all excreta were collected for 48 hours. The excreta were freeze-dried, weighed and ground and then analyzed for amino acids (for amino acid digestibility) or gross energy and nitrogen (for TMEn). True amino acid digestibility and TMEn were then calculated using amino acid and energy excretion by fasted roosters for an endogenous correction. The resulted are shown in table 3. It is very clear that BioGlutamine™ A and B feed additives are readily digested by the bird.
Table 3: Digestibility of BioGlutamine feed additives
* The feed were BioGlutamine additives mixed 1 : 1 with corn. The corn's
contribution has been calculated out in the above values.
Table 4. Analytical Result of Products from Path B.
Product #3 has high L-glutamine and protein contents with low sulfate content. This is table shows that ammonium sulfate changes in the starting materials affects the output of the animal feed.
Performance of BioGlutamine A and B Feed Additives
BioGlutamine™ products would perform much better than its purified L- glutamine. The presence of other nutrients such as amino acids and metal ion further enhances the effectiveness of L-glutamine. The branched chain amino acids (BCAA), including L-Leucine (1.18), L-Isoleucine (0.60), and L- Valine (0.89), are essential for muscle growth. The sulfur containing amino acid L-Cystine and L-methioline in
BioGlutamine™ A and B are important for egg production. BioGlutamine™ A and B feed additives also contain significant amount of Lysine, Arganine, Pheloalanine, Tyrosine, Proline, and Threonine. These amino acids are all important for animal growth.
The above disclosure is intended to be illustrative and not exhaustive. This description will suggest many variations and alternatives to one of ordinary skill in this art. All these alternatives and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the claims where the term "comprising" means "including, but not limited to". Those
familiar with the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiments described herein which equivalents are also intended to be encompassed by the claims.
This completes the description of the preferred and alternate embodiments of the invention. Those skilled in the art may recognize other equivalents to the specific embodiment described herein which equivalents are intended to be encompassed by the claims attached hereto.
Claims
1. A process for preparing animal feed containing glutamine comprising the steps of:
(a) fermentation of a carbon source and a nitrogen source to produce L- glutamine;
(b) separating the biomass and broth produced by fermentation;
(c) using an ion exchange on the broth; and
(d) drying and granulating the solids to thereby produce an animal feed containing L-glutamine.
2. The process of Claim 1 wherein said l-glutamine content is at least about 8% by weight.
3. The process of Claim 2 wherein said animal feed includes said biomass.
4. The process of claim 1 further including a processing aid selected from the group consisting of fiber, proteins or acceptable animal feed grade ingredients.
5. An animal feed prepared by a process comprising the steps of:
(a) fermentation of a carbon source and nitrogen source to produce L- glutamine;
(b) separating the biomass and broth produced by fermentation; and
(c) using an ion exchange on the broth; and
(d) drying and granulating the solids to thereby produce an animal feed containing L-glutamine.
6. A process for preparing animal feed containing glutamine comprising the steps of:
(a) fermentation of a carbon source and a nitrogen source to produce L-glutamine containing liquid; and
(b) processing said L-glutamine containing liquid to thereby produce an animal feed containing L-glutamine.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US38782410P | 2010-09-29 | 2010-09-29 | |
| US61/387,824 | 2010-09-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012050979A1 true WO2012050979A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
Family
ID=45938654
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2011/054018 WO2012050979A1 (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2011-09-29 | Novel feed additive |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2012050979A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535527A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 江苏神华药业有限公司 | Lean type feed additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN109601761A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of trophism renovation agent of turbot enteritis disease |
| CN110452938A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-15 | 江西省食品发酵研究所 | A kind of fermentation method for producing of high-yield glutamine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020182276A1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2002-12-05 | Wadsworth John J. | Morinda citrifolia (Noni) enhanced animal food product |
| US20070118916A1 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-05-24 | Metanomics Gmbh | Process for the production of fine chemicals |
-
2011
- 2011-09-29 WO PCT/US2011/054018 patent/WO2012050979A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020182276A1 (en) * | 1999-08-27 | 2002-12-05 | Wadsworth John J. | Morinda citrifolia (Noni) enhanced animal food product |
| US20070118916A1 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-05-24 | Metanomics Gmbh | Process for the production of fine chemicals |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535527A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-29 | 江苏神华药业有限公司 | Lean type feed additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN109601761A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-04-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of trophism renovation agent of turbot enteritis disease |
| CN110452938A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-15 | 江西省食品发酵研究所 | A kind of fermentation method for producing of high-yield glutamine |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Adil et al. | Effect of dietary supplementation of organic acids on performance, intestinal histomorphology, and serum biochemistry of broiler chicken | |
| Kamal et al. | Effect of dietary supplementation of organic acids on performance and serum biochemistry of broiler chicken | |
| Murakami et al. | Effects of starter diet supplementation with arginine on broiler production performance and on small intestine morphometry | |
| DK2314172T3 (en) | Husdyrfoderadditiv and livestock feed composition | |
| NZ236927A (en) | Use of b-hydroxy-b-methylbutyric acid and its salts for increasing lean tissue development | |
| CN106036181A (en) | Meat duck compound feed for improving muscle quality and preparation method thereof | |
| EP3772985A1 (en) | Use of guanidinoacetic acid and/or creatine in aquaculture | |
| Qaisrani et al. | Threonine in broiler diets: an updated review | |
| Slawski et al. | Replacement of fish meal with rapeseed protein concentrate in diets fed to common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) | |
| Nascimento et al. | Performance and intestinal characteristics of broiler chicken fed diet with glutamine in the diet without anticoccidials agents | |
| CN107125441A (en) | A kind of feed addictive tannalbin, a kind of composite feed additive and a kind of feed | |
| Bivolarski et al. | Amino acid content and biological value of rabbit meat proteins, depending on weaning age. | |
| WO2012050979A1 (en) | Novel feed additive | |
| RU2573960C2 (en) | Feed product for broiler chickens | |
| WO1996035339A1 (en) | FEED COMPOSITION CONTAINING POLY-η-GLUTAMIC ACID | |
| Zhao et al. | Comparative study on the utilization of different methionine sources by channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus (Rafinesque, 1818) | |
| Li et al. | Comparison of dietary arginine or/and inulin supplementation on growth, digestive ability and ammonia tolerance of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco | |
| BR112018012720B1 (en) | INGREDIENT FOR ANIMAL NUTRITION | |
| WO2014025019A1 (en) | Animal feed and stress reducer for industrial animals | |
| CN104543580A (en) | Premix capable of promoting food intake of weaned piglets and piglet daily ration prepared from premix | |
| ES2435538T3 (en) | Means and methods to enhance weight gain in poultry | |
| Yildirim et al. | Defatted yellow mealworm larvae (Tenebrio molitor l.) meal as possible alternative to fish meal in quail diets | |
| Pires et al. | Protected sodium butyrate in chicken diets until 21 days of age improves intestinal development and performance | |
| JP2010284087A (en) | Egg, method for producing and improving the same, and laying hen feed | |
| Salim et al. | Effect of Low Protein Diets Supplemented with Glycine on Growth Performance Carcass Traits, Blood Parameters and Antioxidant Status of Mandarah Chicks During Starter and Grower Periods |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 11833118 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 01-08-2013 ) |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 11833118 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |