WO2012041571A1 - Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses - Google Patents

Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012041571A1
WO2012041571A1 PCT/EP2011/063280 EP2011063280W WO2012041571A1 WO 2012041571 A1 WO2012041571 A1 WO 2012041571A1 EP 2011063280 W EP2011063280 W EP 2011063280W WO 2012041571 A1 WO2012041571 A1 WO 2012041571A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
prosthesis
treatment
prostheses
improving
strength characteristics
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/063280
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Aldo Toni
Patrizio Cremascoli
Original Assignee
Ala Ortho S.R.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ala Ortho S.R.L. filed Critical Ala Ortho S.R.L.
Priority to EP11741190.0A priority Critical patent/EP2621674A1/en
Priority to US13/876,379 priority patent/US20130189905A1/en
Publication of WO2012041571A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012041571A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B24B1/04—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes subjecting the grinding or polishing tools, the abrading or polishing medium or work to vibration, e.g. grinding with ultrasonic frequency
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30—Joints
    • A61F2/30767—Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2002/30922—Hardened surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses, such as cotyloid elements, femur necks, femoral stems, systems of the spinal column and the like.
  • orthopedic prostheses such as femur necks, femoral stems, cotyloid elements and systems of the spinal column, as well as other prostheses, are currently made of metal, for example titanium, so as to be very light and tough.
  • Such prostheses are provided by using machine tools that use cutting tools for machining and such cutting tools leave micro-scoring on the surface of the prosthesis which is apparently not visible to the naked eye but constitutes initiation points of fatigue failure cracks.
  • micro-scoring that is present on the surface of such prostheses constitutes weak points that produce cracks that ultimately lead to failure of the prosthesis, which may occur at any time in an apparently inexplicable manner.
  • the peening treatment although effective in itself, may entail an increase in roughness due to the protrusions and hollows that it generates. Moreover, the peening treatment causes a variation of a few microns in the geometric dimensions of the treated part.
  • the peening itself might create cracks if the parameters of the process are not calculated well as a function of the material used.
  • titanium the material usually used for prostheses, is subject to crack forming.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength characteristics of prostheses and the like, substantially eliminating the likelihood that the micro-scoring caused by machining with machine tools might generate cracks that lead to the failure of the prosthesis.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength of prostheses and the like that can be used after the standard production step of the prosthesis, thus without changing substantially its production cycle.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength characteristics of prostheses and the like that is highly reliable, relatively simple to provide and has competitive costs.
  • the method according to the invention provides, starting from an orthopedic prosthesis, such as a femur neck, a femoral stem, a cotyloid element, a system of the spinal column or a similar prosthesis, for the application of a treatment adapted to eliminate substantially the micro- scoring that is present on the surface of the prosthesis due to machining performed with machine tools.
  • an orthopedic prosthesis such as a femur neck, a femoral stem, a cotyloid element, a system of the spinal column or a similar prosthesis.
  • This treatment is thus aimed at eliminating the micro- scoring that might give rise to cracks that lead to failure of the prosthesis and at increasing the surface hardness of the metal.
  • the method provides for subjecting the prosthesis to a peening treatment, i.e., to a method by means of which the metallic surface of the prosthesis is struck (hammered), with a specific intensity, in order to harden the surface layer and at the same time eliminate the traces of the machining of cutting tools.
  • the peening treatment entails the use of shot that can be made of metal, ceramics, glass or other material.
  • the size of the shot varies and in general its diameter is a fraction of a millimeter.
  • the intensity that defines the force with which the shot "hammers" the surface to be treated is also variable and is defined according to the curvature of specimens of known thicknesses.
  • the diameters of the shot are comprised between 0.21 mm and 0.30 mm.
  • the treatment is performed for example with a 200% coverage of the surface to be treated.
  • the intensity of the treatment is comprised for example between 4 and 6 Almen.
  • the peening treatment to which orthopedic prostheses are subjected allows hardening of the metallic surface of the prosthesis and at the same time elimination of the micro-scoring that is the cause of cracks and thus failures of the prosthesis.
  • the peening treatment besides eliminating the machining traces of the tool and increasing the surface hardness of the prosthesis, allows the creation of a prestressed surface layer that makes it possible to reduce part of the traction stresses, the highest values of which are, as is known, concentrated at the surface. By reducing surface traction stresses one reduces the likelihood of initiation of fracture cracks and thus the likelihood of failure of the prosthesis.
  • the peening treatment may be performed both on titanium prostheses and on prostheses made of other materials.
  • the prosthesis After the peening treatment, the prosthesis is subjected to a surface finishing treatment provided by vibration finishing.
  • the treatment cited above provides for causing the collision, at different speeds, of the prostheses being worked with an abrasive body (generally defined as "medium") and for repeating this type of collision for a sufficient number of times, so that the result obtained locally by the single collision event can become a general characteristic of the entire surface of the prosthesis.
  • the vibration finishing treatment is performed in appropriate tanks in which the prostheses to be treated and a necessary quantity of medium are placed.
  • the quantities of medium are selected so as to optimize the number of collisions that will define the surface of the finished prosthesis.
  • the prostheses are arranged in a circular vibration machine with conical and double wedge-shaped polyester media that contain suitable abrasive fillers.
  • the machining has the goal of eliminating material from the surface of the prosthesis in order to reach the desired and necessary roughness value.
  • Surface finishing thus makes it possible to buff the prosthesis previously subjected to peening, eliminating all the remaining roughnesses and indentations and at the same time also the residues of the craters generated by peening.
  • the surface finishing work is performed by a wet method, with a continuous input of water and of a suitable detergent.
  • the duration of the process is about 16/19 hours.
  • the prostheses are subjected to a polishing treatment, by means of a circular vibration machine with porcelain media (nonabrasive) of spherical shape and having a diameter of for example 4 mm.
  • the purpose of the polishing step is to modify the roughness parameters of the surface of the prosthesis.
  • This step is performed by a wet method with the addition of a polishing product.
  • the duration of this last step is about 2/3 hours.
  • the method according to the present invention fully achieves the intended aim and objects, since it allows improving the strength characteristics of prostheses of the known type with a treatment that is simple, economic and effective and at the same time it allows obtaining a prosthesis surface with optimum finishing.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

A method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses, such as femur necks, femoral stems, cotyloid elements, systems of the spinal column and the like, comprising the step of: starting from a prosthesis made of metal, subjecting the prosthesis to a peening treatment to improve the surface hardness of the prosthesis and eliminate micro-scoring caused by the machining of machine tools, the method further comprising a subsequent step of performing a surface finishing treatment by vibration finishing.

Description

METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESES
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses, such as cotyloid elements, femur necks, femoral stems, systems of the spinal column and the like.
Background art
As is known, orthopedic prostheses, such as femur necks, femoral stems, cotyloid elements and systems of the spinal column, as well as other prostheses, are currently made of metal, for example titanium, so as to be very light and tough.
However, such prostheses are often subject to breakage because they have parts that can be particularly stressed as a consequence of their implantation.
Moreover, such prostheses are provided by using machine tools that use cutting tools for machining and such cutting tools leave micro-scoring on the surface of the prosthesis which is apparently not visible to the naked eye but constitutes initiation points of fatigue failure cracks.
In particular, the micro-scoring that is present on the surface of such prostheses constitutes weak points that produce cracks that ultimately lead to failure of the prosthesis, which may occur at any time in an apparently inexplicable manner.
In order to improve the fatigue resistance of the prosthesis, it is possible to subject it to a peening treatment that allows compaction of the material, increasing its fatigue resistance, and elimination or in any case substantial reduction of the "dents" produced by machining, decreasing the risk of cracks and corrosion.
However, it should be noted that the peening treatment, although effective in itself, may entail an increase in roughness due to the protrusions and hollows that it generates. Moreover, the peening treatment causes a variation of a few microns in the geometric dimensions of the treated part.
Moreover, the peening itself might create cracks if the parameters of the process are not calculated well as a function of the material used.
For example, titanium, the material usually used for prostheses, is subject to crack forming.
Disclosure of the invention
The aim of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength characteristics of prostheses and the like, substantially eliminating the likelihood that the micro-scoring caused by machining with machine tools might generate cracks that lead to the failure of the prosthesis.
Within this aim, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength of prostheses and the like that can be used after the standard production step of the prosthesis, thus without changing substantially its production cycle.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the strength characteristics of prostheses and the like that is highly reliable, relatively simple to provide and has competitive costs.
This aim and these and other objects that will become better apparent hereinafter are achieved by a method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses, such as femur necks, femoral stems, cotyloid elements, system of the spinal column and the like, comprising the step of:
starting from a prosthesis made of metal, subjecting said prosthesis to a peening treatment to improve the surface hardness of the prosthesis and eliminate micro-scoring caused by the machining of machine tools,
characterized in that it comprises a subsequent step of performing a surface finishing treatment by vibration finishing.
Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become better apparent from the description of a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the method according to the present invention.
The method according to the invention provides, starting from an orthopedic prosthesis, such as a femur neck, a femoral stem, a cotyloid element, a system of the spinal column or a similar prosthesis, for the application of a treatment adapted to eliminate substantially the micro- scoring that is present on the surface of the prosthesis due to machining performed with machine tools.
This treatment is thus aimed at eliminating the micro- scoring that might give rise to cracks that lead to failure of the prosthesis and at increasing the surface hardness of the metal.
The method provides for subjecting the prosthesis to a peening treatment, i.e., to a method by means of which the metallic surface of the prosthesis is struck (hammered), with a specific intensity, in order to harden the surface layer and at the same time eliminate the traces of the machining of cutting tools.
The peening treatment entails the use of shot that can be made of metal, ceramics, glass or other material. The size of the shot varies and in general its diameter is a fraction of a millimeter. The intensity that defines the force with which the shot "hammers" the surface to be treated is also variable and is defined according to the curvature of specimens of known thicknesses.
Conveniently, the diameters of the shot are comprised between 0.21 mm and 0.30 mm.
The treatment is performed for example with a 200% coverage of the surface to be treated.
The intensity of the treatment is comprised for example between 4 and 6 Almen.
Therefore, the peening treatment to which orthopedic prostheses are subjected allows hardening of the metallic surface of the prosthesis and at the same time elimination of the micro-scoring that is the cause of cracks and thus failures of the prosthesis.
Moreover, the hardening of the external surface decreases "fretting corrosion", a factor that also causes the initiation of cracks.
Moreover, the peening treatment, besides eliminating the machining traces of the tool and increasing the surface hardness of the prosthesis, allows the creation of a prestressed surface layer that makes it possible to reduce part of the traction stresses, the highest values of which are, as is known, concentrated at the surface. By reducing surface traction stresses one reduces the likelihood of initiation of fracture cracks and thus the likelihood of failure of the prosthesis.
The peening treatment may be performed both on titanium prostheses and on prostheses made of other materials.
After the peening treatment, the prosthesis is subjected to a surface finishing treatment provided by vibration finishing.
In particular, the treatment cited above provides for causing the collision, at different speeds, of the prostheses being worked with an abrasive body (generally defined as "medium") and for repeating this type of collision for a sufficient number of times, so that the result obtained locally by the single collision event can become a general characteristic of the entire surface of the prosthesis.
The vibration finishing treatment is performed in appropriate tanks in which the prostheses to be treated and a necessary quantity of medium are placed. The quantities of medium are selected so as to optimize the number of collisions that will define the surface of the finished prosthesis.
In particular, the prostheses are arranged in a circular vibration machine with conical and double wedge-shaped polyester media that contain suitable abrasive fillers.
The machining has the goal of eliminating material from the surface of the prosthesis in order to reach the desired and necessary roughness value. Surface finishing thus makes it possible to buff the prosthesis previously subjected to peening, eliminating all the remaining roughnesses and indentations and at the same time also the residues of the craters generated by peening.
The surface finishing work is performed by a wet method, with a continuous input of water and of a suitable detergent. The duration of the process is about 16/19 hours.
Subsequently, the prostheses are subjected to a polishing treatment, by means of a circular vibration machine with porcelain media (nonabrasive) of spherical shape and having a diameter of for example 4 mm.
The purpose of the polishing step is to modify the roughness parameters of the surface of the prosthesis. This step, too, is performed by a wet method with the addition of a polishing product. The duration of this last step is about 2/3 hours.
In practice it has been found that the method according to the present invention fully achieves the intended aim and objects, since it allows improving the strength characteristics of prostheses of the known type with a treatment that is simple, economic and effective and at the same time it allows obtaining a prosthesis surface with optimum finishing.
The method thus conceived is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations, all of which are within the scope of the appended claims; all the details may further be replaced with other technically equivalent elements.
The disclosures in Italian Patent Application No. MT2010A001762 from which this application claims priority are incorporated herein by reference.

Claims

1. A method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses, such as femur necks, femoral stems, cotyloid elements, systems of the spinal column and the like, comprising the step of:
starting from a prosthesis made of metal, subjecting said prosthesis to a peening treatment to improve the surface hardness of the prosthesis and eliminate micro-scoring caused by the machining of machine tools,
characterized in that it comprises a subsequent step of performing a surface finishing treatment by vibration finishing.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said vibration finishing treatment is performed by subjecting said prosthesis to repeated collisions with abrasive means.
3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that said abrasive means are polyester means.
4. The method according to claim 1 , characterized in that it comprises a subsequent polishing step.
5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that said polishing step is provided by way of nonabrasive porcelain means.
6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that said polishing step is provided by means of a circular vibration machine.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said prosthesis is made of titanium.
8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that said peening treatment is provided by means of shot selected from metal, ceramics, glass or other material.
PCT/EP2011/063280 2010-09-28 2011-08-02 Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses WO2012041571A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11741190.0A EP2621674A1 (en) 2010-09-28 2011-08-02 Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses
US13/876,379 US20130189905A1 (en) 2010-09-28 2011-08-02 Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI2010A001762A IT1401975B1 (en) 2010-09-28 2010-09-28 METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE RESISTANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF ORTHOPEDIC PROSTHESIS.
ITMI2010A001762 2010-09-28

Publications (1)

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WO2012041571A1 true WO2012041571A1 (en) 2012-04-05

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PCT/EP2011/063280 WO2012041571A1 (en) 2010-09-28 2011-08-02 Method for improving the strength characteristics of orthopedic prostheses

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US (1) US20130189905A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2621674A1 (en)
IT (1) IT1401975B1 (en)
WO (1) WO2012041571A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3300698A1 (en) * 2016-09-28 2018-04-04 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Method of texturing prosthetic implants

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5057108A (en) * 1990-01-12 1991-10-15 Zimmer, Inc. Method of surface finishing orthopedic implant devices
US5704239A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-01-06 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Method for ceramic peening of orthopaedic titanium alloy implants
US6280305B1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-08-28 Rosalie Donatelli Vibration surface finishing apparatus
US20030220699A1 (en) * 1997-03-27 2003-11-27 Gordon Hunter Method of surface oxidizing zirconium and zirconium alloys and resulting product
WO2010111033A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 X-Spine Systems, Inc. An implant and a system and method for processing, designing and manufacturing an improved orthopedic implant

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US4454740A (en) * 1981-09-10 1984-06-19 United Technologies Corporation Method for simultaneous peening and smoothing
US5788558A (en) * 1995-11-13 1998-08-04 Localmed, Inc. Apparatus and method for polishing lumenal prostheses
EP0985384A1 (en) * 1998-09-10 2000-03-15 Buechel-Pappas Trust Method for improving strenght of prosthetic component
MY117489A (en) * 2000-06-23 2004-07-31 Neomax Co Ltd Method for polishing and chamfering rare earth alloy, and method and machine for sorting out ball media
US8795441B2 (en) * 2006-04-26 2014-08-05 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Reworking of surface oxidized and nitrided components

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5057108A (en) * 1990-01-12 1991-10-15 Zimmer, Inc. Method of surface finishing orthopedic implant devices
US5704239A (en) * 1996-01-11 1998-01-06 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Method for ceramic peening of orthopaedic titanium alloy implants
US20030220699A1 (en) * 1997-03-27 2003-11-27 Gordon Hunter Method of surface oxidizing zirconium and zirconium alloys and resulting product
US6280305B1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-08-28 Rosalie Donatelli Vibration surface finishing apparatus
WO2010111033A1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 X-Spine Systems, Inc. An implant and a system and method for processing, designing and manufacturing an improved orthopedic implant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
See also references of EP2621674A1

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3300698A1 (en) * 2016-09-28 2018-04-04 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Method of texturing prosthetic implants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1401975B1 (en) 2013-08-28
ITMI20101762A1 (en) 2012-03-29
US20130189905A1 (en) 2013-07-25
EP2621674A1 (en) 2013-08-07

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