WO2012036973A2 - Process for immobilization of candida antarctica lipase b - Google Patents
Process for immobilization of candida antarctica lipase b Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012036973A2 WO2012036973A2 PCT/US2011/050906 US2011050906W WO2012036973A2 WO 2012036973 A2 WO2012036973 A2 WO 2012036973A2 US 2011050906 W US2011050906 W US 2011050906W WO 2012036973 A2 WO2012036973 A2 WO 2012036973A2
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- sepabeads
- enzyme
- immobilization
- candida antarctica
- antarctica lipase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N11/00—Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof
- C12N11/02—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier
- C12N11/08—Enzymes or microbial cells immobilised on or in an organic carrier the carrier being a synthetic polymer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/02—Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol or polyamides; Imides or polyimides; Urethanes, i.e. compounds comprising N-C=O structural element or polyurethanes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P13/00—Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds
- C12P13/04—Alpha- or beta- amino acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P41/00—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture
- C12P41/003—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions
- C12P41/005—Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture by ester formation, lactone formation or the inverse reactions by esterification of carboxylic acid groups in the enantiomers or the inverse reaction
Definitions
- ⁇ -fluoroleucine-a-amino acids The asymmetric synthesis of ⁇ -fluoroleucine-a-amino acids is a proven technology for the production of potential pharmaceutical compounds that have a wide array of biological uses, including enzyme inhibitors, receptor antagonists and lipophilicity enhancing agents.
- enzyme mediated dynamic kinetic resolution ring opening of azalactones has been demonstrated as an effective way of introducing stereochemistry in ⁇ -fluoroleucine ethyl ester compounds.
- the fiuoroleucine ethyl esters are useful for the preparation of odanacatib, a cathepsin K inhibitor.
- the instant invention describes an immobilization method for the enzyme Candida Antarctica lipase B for the production of (S)- ⁇ -fluoroleucine ethyl ester via selective enzyme mediated dynamic kinetic resolution ring opening of the azalactone.
- the use of the enzyme can be utilized in both a batch reactor and a continuous plug flow column reactor packed with the immobilized Candida Antarctica lipase B preparation.
- This invention solves the problem of enzyme deactivation in both batch and plug flow column reactor processes used to make ⁇ -fluoroleucine ethyl ester compounds.
- enzyme deactivation at high temperature and in organic solvent limited the useful life of the catalyst for the production process of fiuoroleucine.
- the deactivated enzyme and immobilization solid support needed to be disposed of, adding to the cost of the overall process.
- this invention exhibits enhanced enzyme stability in organic solvent and high temperature compared to alternative methods to immobilize the enzyme catalyst. Also, this invention provides the ability to process more fiuoroleucine intermediate with less catalyst than alternative immobilized forms of Candida Antarctica lipase B.
- the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE- 120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXE- 1 19 and Sepabeads® EXA-252.
- the Sepabeads® immobilization resins are available from Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation.
- the immobilization resin is Sepabeads® EXE120.
- Rl is halo and R i lk l
- Candida antarctica lipase B which has been immobilized on an
- Rl is fiuoro and R2 is ethyl.
- the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXEl 19 and Sepabeads® EXA252.
- the immobilization resin is Sepabeads® EXEl 20.
- a procedure for the immobilization of Candida Antarctica lipase B has been developed to make the enzyme more stable under the reaction conditions.
- the immobilization of the enzyme on immobilization resin Sepabeads® EXE 120 (CI 8 functionalized resin) provides for an enzyme with high stability under the reaction conditions that can be reused many times.
- Alternative resins can also be used including immobilization resins Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXEl 19 and Sepabeads® EXA252.
- the Sepabeads® EXE 120 immobilized enzyme is created by mixing a liquid Candida antarctica lipase B prep from Novozymes with the Sepabeads® EXE 120 resin for between 1 and 40 hours. The resin is then filtered away from the liquid enzyme solution and rinsed with buffer (pH 7). The immobilized enzyme is then stored between -20°C and room temperature. In one embodiment of the invention, the process is run as a fed batch reaction. The fed batch reaction is carried out in a temperature controlled stirred tank reactor where agitation is carried out with overhead stirring via a pitched blade impeller. This agitation needs to be sufficient to suspend the immobilized enzyme resin.
- the fed batch reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 50° to about 65 °C. In a subclass of the invention, the fed batch reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 65°C.
- the fed batch reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as MTBE THF, DMF, toluene, C ⁇ CN and mixtures thereof. In a class of the invention, the fed batch reaction is carried out in MTBE.
- the process is a continuous plug flow column reaction.
- the immobilized enzyme is slurried in MTBE and then packed into the column under atmospheric pressure.
- Two feed solutions are made, the first solution comprising an azalactone of formula II and a second solution comprising amine base and EtOH.
- the amine base is triethylamine, DBU, 2,6-lutidine or DABCO.
- the amine base is triethylamine.
- the EXE 120 immobilized enzyme exhibits an excellent stability profile, losing only 0.15% activity per hour under these reaction conditions. Novozyme-435 for comparison loses activity at 3% per hour (20X greater deactivation).
- alkyl shall mean a substituting univalent group derived by conceptual °removal of one hydrogen atom from a straight or branched-chain acyclic saturated hydrocarbon
- halo shall include iodo, bromo, chloro and fluoro.
- immobilized Candida Antarctica lipase B (“CAL-B”) enzyme
- 50 g of immobilization resin (Mitsubishi Sepabeads® EXE- 120) was added to 150 mL
- Novozymes liquid CAL-B The Novozymes liquid CAL-B prep is purchased directly from Novozymes. The mixture was stirred with overhead stirring for 20 hours at room temperature. The liquid was then drained from the resin and the resin was then rinsed with 3X volumes of 50 mM pH 7.5 potassium phosphate buffer. Next, the resin was dried over a filter with a nitrogen sweep for 5 hours. The immobilized enzyme can then be stored at 5°C.
- Azalactone substrate A is dissolved in MTBE. EtOH and Et 3 N are then added to the azlacetone in MTBE solution. Immobilized enzyme from Candida antarctica lipase B is then added so that the final concentrations in the resulting solution are 80 g/L azalactone A, 86 g/L EtOH, 7.6 g/L Et 3 N, and 80 g/L immobilized enzyme.
- the solution is heated to 50°C and mixed with agitation sufficient to suspend the immobilized enzyme.
- the reaction is aged for 0.5 hours and an addition of azalactone A and EtOH is added (i.e. 80 g azalactone and 17.2 g of EtOH for a 1 L reaction).
- the outlet at the bottom of the column is fed through a back pressure regulator set at 20psi to prevent the solution from boiling. After going through the back pressure regulator, the solution is fed to a quench tank containing IN ⁇ S0 4 . The quench tank is then assayed for product B.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
The instant invention describes an immobilization method for the enzyme Candida Antarctica lipase B for the production of (S)- γ-fluoroleucine ethyl ester via selective enzyme mediated dynamic kinetic resolution ring opening of the azalactone. The enzyme can be utilized in either a batch reactor and a continuous plug flow column reactor packed with the immobilized Candida Antarctica lipase B preparation.
Description
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
PROCESS FOR IMMOBILIZATION OF CANDIDA ANTARCTICA LIPASE B
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The asymmetric synthesis of γ-fluoroleucine-a-amino acids is a proven technology for the production of potential pharmaceutical compounds that have a wide array of biological uses, including enzyme inhibitors, receptor antagonists and lipophilicity enhancing agents. The use of enzyme mediated dynamic kinetic resolution ring opening of azalactones has been demonstrated as an effective way of introducing stereochemistry in γ-fluoroleucine ethyl ester compounds. The fiuoroleucine ethyl esters are useful for the preparation of odanacatib, a cathepsin K inhibitor.
The instant invention describes an immobilization method for the enzyme Candida Antarctica lipase B for the production of (S)- γ-fluoroleucine ethyl ester via selective enzyme mediated dynamic kinetic resolution ring opening of the azalactone. The use of the enzyme can be utilized in both a batch reactor and a continuous plug flow column reactor packed with the immobilized Candida Antarctica lipase B preparation.
This invention solves the problem of enzyme deactivation in both batch and plug flow column reactor processes used to make γ-fluoroleucine ethyl ester compounds. In previously disclosed methods, enzyme deactivation at high temperature and in organic solvent limited the useful life of the catalyst for the production process of fiuoroleucine. The deactivated enzyme and immobilization solid support needed to be disposed of, adding to the cost of the overall process.
In addition, this invention exhibits enhanced enzyme stability in organic solvent and high temperature compared to alternative methods to immobilize the enzyme catalyst. Also, this invention provides the ability to process more fiuoroleucine intermediate with less catalyst than alternative immobilized forms of Candida Antarctica lipase B.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
By this invention, there is provided a process for immobilization of Candida Antarctica lipase B using an immobilization resin.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
By this invention, there is provided a process for immobilization of Candida Antarctica lipase B using an immobilization resin.
In a class of the invention, the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE- 120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXE- 1 19 and Sepabeads® EXA-252. The Sepabeads® immobilization resins are available from
Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation. In a subclass of the invention, the immobilization resin is Sepabeads® EXE120.
By this invention, there is provided a process for preparing a compound of formula I:
comprising an enzyme mediated ring opening of an azalactone of formula II:
wherein Rl is halo and R i lk l
and the enzyme is Candida antarctica lipase B, which has been immobilized on an
immobilization resin.
In a class of the invention, Rl is fiuoro and R2 is ethyl.
In a class of the invention, the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXEl 19 and Sepabeads® EXA252. In a subclass of the invention, the immobilization resin is Sepabeads® EXEl 20.
A procedure for the immobilization of Candida Antarctica lipase B has been developed to make the enzyme more stable under the reaction conditions. The immobilization of the enzyme on immobilization resin Sepabeads® EXE 120 (CI 8 functionalized resin) provides for an enzyme with high stability under the reaction conditions that can be reused many times. Alternative resins can also be used including immobilization resins Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXEl 19 and Sepabeads® EXA252.
The Sepabeads® EXE 120 immobilized enzyme is created by mixing a liquid Candida antarctica lipase B prep from Novozymes with the Sepabeads® EXE 120 resin for between 1 and 40 hours. The resin is then filtered away from the liquid enzyme solution and rinsed with buffer (pH 7). The immobilized enzyme is then stored between -20°C and room temperature.
In one embodiment of the invention, the process is run as a fed batch reaction. The fed batch reaction is carried out in a temperature controlled stirred tank reactor where agitation is carried out with overhead stirring via a pitched blade impeller. This agitation needs to be sufficient to suspend the immobilized enzyme resin. In a class of the invention, the fed batch reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 50° to about 65 °C. In a subclass of the invention, the fed batch reaction is carried out at a temperature of about 65°C. The fed batch reaction can be carried out in an organic solvent such as MTBE THF, DMF, toluene, CなCN and mixtures thereof. In a class of the invention, the fed batch reaction is carried out in MTBE.
With the fed batch reaction, it is preferable to always maintain a high enzyme to substrate ratio and to feed the substrate over time, as opposed to a higher starting concentration of substrate, to minimize background ethanolysis and hydrolysis.
In another embodiment of the invention, the process is a continuous plug flow column reaction. The immobilized enzyme is slurried in MTBE and then packed into the column under atmospheric pressure. Two feed solutions are made, the first solution comprising an azalactone of formula II and a second solution comprising amine base and EtOH. In a class of the invention, the amine base is triethylamine, DBU, 2,6-lutidine or DABCO. In a subclass of the invention, the amine base is triethylamine. The EXE 120 immobilized enzyme exhibits an excellent stability profile, losing only 0.15% activity per hour under these reaction conditions. Novozyme-435 for comparison loses activity at 3% per hour (20X greater deactivation).
With the column reaction, it is preferable to keep the two feeds (i.e., the azalactone feed and the Et3N/EtOH feed) separate before entering the column to minimize background ethanolysis. Background ethanolysis can result when the azalactone comes in contact with the EtOH. An advantage of the column reaction system is the elimination of enzyme degradation or deactivation due to shear from mixing in batch systems, which decreases enzyme deactivation rate by >20 fold.
Important to both the fed batch and column reactions is running them at high (~65°C) temperatures to increase enzymatic rate relative to background rates of ethanolysis and hydrolysis. Running the reactions at high temperature boosts yield and ee.
The term "alkyl" shall mean a substituting univalent group derived by conceptual °removal of one hydrogen atom from a straight or branched-chain acyclic saturated hydrocarbon
The term "halo" shall include iodo, bromo, chloro and fluoro.
An illustration of the processes of the present invention is described by the following general scheme, using appropriate materials. The specific examples following the scheme further exemplify the processes of the present invention. The compounds illustrated in the scheme and examples are not, however, to be construed as forming the only genus that is
considered as the invention. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that known variations of the conditions and processes of the following preparative procedures can be used to prepare these compounds. All temperatures are degrees Celsius unless otherwise noted.
EXAMPLE 1
SYNTHESIS OF IMMOBILIZED CANDIDA ANTARCTICA LIPASE B ENZYME
To make 50 g of immobilized Candida Antarctica lipase B ("CAL-B") enzyme, 50 g of immobilization resin (Mitsubishi Sepabeads® EXE- 120) was added to 150 mL
Novozymes liquid CAL-B, The Novozymes liquid CAL-B prep is purchased directly from Novozymes. The mixture was stirred with overhead stirring for 20 hours at room temperature. The liquid was then drained from the resin and the resin was then rinsed with 3X volumes of 50 mM pH 7.5 potassium phosphate buffer. Next, the resin was dried over a filter with a nitrogen sweep for 5 hours. The immobilized enzyme can then be stored at 5°C.
EXAMPLE 2
FED BATCH PROCESS
Azalactone substrate A is dissolved in MTBE. EtOH and Et3N are then added to the azlacetone in MTBE solution. Immobilized enzyme from Candida antarctica lipase B is then added so that the final concentrations in the resulting solution are 80 g/L azalactone A, 86 g/L EtOH, 7.6 g/L Et3N, and 80 g/L immobilized enzyme. The solution is heated to 50°C and mixed with agitation sufficient to suspend the immobilized enzyme. The reaction is aged for 0.5 hours and an addition of azalactone A and EtOH is added (i.e. 80 g azalactone and 17.2 g of EtOH for a 1 L reaction). The reaction is then aged for 1 hour and an addition of azalactone A and EtOH is added (i.e. 80 g azalactone and 17.2 g of EtOH for a 1 L reaction). The reaction is aged for 1.5 hours and an addition of azalactone A and EtOH is added (i.e. 80 g azalactone and 17.2 g of EtOH for a 1 L reaction). The reaction is aged for 3 hours and assayed for completion and the formation of product B.
EXAMPLE 3
CONTINUOUS PLUG FLOW COLUMN PROCESS
50g of immobilized enzyme from Candida antarctica lipase B is slurried in MTBE and packed in a jacketed column under atmospheric pressure. 1kg of azalactone A is dissolved in MTBE so that 6.25L of a solution containing 160 g/L azalactone A in MTBE is made. 6.25L of a second solution of 172 g/L EtOH and 15.2 g/L Et3N in MTBE is made. The column jacket is set to 65°C and the two solutions are fed at equal rates and mixed just before entering the top of the column. The two solutions can be fed via pumps or pressurized holding tanks and the total volume is fed over 20 hours. The outlet at the bottom of the column is fed through a back pressure regulator set at 20psi to prevent the solution from boiling. After going through the back pressure regulator, the solution is fed to a quench tank containing INなS04. The quench tank is then assayed for product B.
Claims
1. A process for immobilization of Candida Antarctica lipase B using an immobilization resin.
2. The process of Claim 1 wherein the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE 120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXE119 and Sepabeads® EXA252.
3. The process of Claim 2 wherein the immobilization resin is Sepabeads® EXE120.
4 A process for reparing a compound of formula I:
comprising an enzyme mediated ring opening of an azalactone of formula II :
and the enzyme is Candida antarctica lipase B, which has been immobilized on an
immobilization resin.
5. The process of Claim 4 wherein the immobilization resin is selected from the group consisting of Sepabeads® EXE120, Sepabeads® EC-EP, Sepabeads® EC-HFA, Sepabeads® EXE 119 and Sepabeads® EXA252.
6. The process of Claim 5 wherein the immobilization resin is
Sepabeads® EXE120.
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US38294710P | 2010-09-15 | 2010-09-15 | |
US61/382,947 | 2010-09-15 |
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WO2012036973A2 true WO2012036973A2 (en) | 2012-03-22 |
WO2012036973A8 WO2012036973A8 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
WO2012036973A3 WO2012036973A3 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112695020A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 安徽丰原生物技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of chemically modified lipase, lipase and application of lipase in synthesis of L-lactide |
Citations (3)
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US6605452B1 (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 2003-08-12 | Enzymotec, Ltd. | Fatty acid polyol ester-coated lipase complex immobilized on insoluble matrix |
US7455998B2 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2008-11-25 | Dow Corning Corporation | Methods for forming structurally defined organic molecules |
US20090133322A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-05-28 | Transbiodiesel Ltd. | Robust multienzyme preparation for the synthesis of fatty acids alkyl esters |
-
2011
- 2011-09-09 WO PCT/US2011/050906 patent/WO2012036973A2/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
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US6605452B1 (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 2003-08-12 | Enzymotec, Ltd. | Fatty acid polyol ester-coated lipase complex immobilized on insoluble matrix |
US7455998B2 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2008-11-25 | Dow Corning Corporation | Methods for forming structurally defined organic molecules |
US20090133322A1 (en) * | 2007-11-28 | 2009-05-28 | Transbiodiesel Ltd. | Robust multienzyme preparation for the synthesis of fatty acids alkyl esters |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
Title |
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HERNANDEZ ET AL.: 'Lipase B from Candida antarctica immobilized on octadecyl Sepabeads: A very stable biocatalyst in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.' PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY vol. 46, no. 4, April 2011, pages 873 - 878 * |
HUGHES ET AL.: 'Production of Candida antarctica lipase B gene open reading frame using automated PCR gene assembly protocol on robotic workcell and expression in an ethanologenic yeast for use as resin-bound biocatalyst in biodiesel production.' J LAB AUTOM. vol. 16, no. 1, 21 July 2010, pages 17 - 37 * |
KEIDEL ET AL.: 'Equalizer technology--Equal rights for disparate beads.' PROTEOMICS vol. 10, no. 11, June 2010, pages 2089 - 2098 * |
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TRUPPO ET AL.: 'Development of an Improved Immobilized CAL-B for the Enzymatic Resolution of a Key Intermediate to Odanacatib.' ORG. PROCESS RES. DEV. vol. 15, no. 5, 14 July 2011, pages 1033 - 1035 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112695020A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 安徽丰原生物技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of chemically modified lipase, lipase and application of lipase in synthesis of L-lactide |
CN112695020B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-01-31 | 安徽丰原生物技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of chemically modified lipase, lipase and application of lipase in synthesis of L-lactide |
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WO2012036973A3 (en) | 2012-06-14 |
WO2012036973A8 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
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