WO2012035659A1

WO2012035659A1 - Integrated environmental control system

Info

Publication number: WO2012035659A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/066222
Authority: WO
Inventors: 康雄内海; 英昭中根; 壮藤田; 一幸神村; 修三杵嶋
Original assignee: 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構
Priority date: 2010-09-17
Filing date: 2010-09-17
Publication date: 2012-03-22
Also published as: JP5604758B2; JPWO2012035659A1

Abstract

By means of this integrated environmental control system (1), a plurality of unit spaces are clustered while taking into account the changes, which are in accordance with the directivity of the weather conditions represented by a first factor, of the distribution state of a space wherein the degree of effect a second factor receives from a specific factor is high and a space wherein the degree of effect is low. Also, for each cluster, the operation state of air conditioning equipment (2) installed in a building is controlled on the basis of the second factor in light of having considered the presence or extent of the effect the second factor receives.

Description

Integrated environmental control system

The present invention relates to a technique for controlling the operation of air conditioning equipment installed in each of a plurality of buildings according to weather conditions.

A technology has been proposed for controlling the operation of each air-conditioning facility in a plurality of buildings in consideration of energy cost savings (see Patent Document 1).

Observe air pollution levels in each area that divides the city, or predict factors that take into account factors such as wind direction, wind speed, and terrain, and ventilate buildings in each area based on the observation or prediction results of air pollution levels There has been proposed a technique for controlling the operation (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2001-338036 A Special table 2009-527838

However, if only the factors disclosed in the prior art are taken into consideration, the control mode of the operation of the air conditioning facilities of a plurality of geographically dispersed buildings is not considered in view of the environment of the building. There was a possibility that it would be appropriate.

Therefore, in view of the existence of various factors that affect the environment of the building, the present invention provides a system that can control the operation of the air conditioning equipment installed in the building in an appropriate manner. Let it be a solution issue.

The environmental integrated control system of the present invention is a system configured to control the internal environment of the building through the operation of the air conditioning equipment installed in the building according to the external environment of the building. For each unit space defined by dividing the target space, the weather information including the first factor representing the weather condition having directivity and the second factor representing the weather condition not having directivity is recognized. A meteorological information recognition element configured in the above, the first factor included in the meteorological information recognized by the meteorological information recognition element, and an arrangement mode of singular factors that are variation factors of the second factor in the target space; In view of the above, there are a plurality of first-type clusters composed of unit spaces affected by the second factor and second-type clusters composed of unit spaces not affected by the second factors. A clustering element configured to define a raster, and for each cluster defined by the clustering element, the influence of the singular factor on the second factor included in the weather information recognized by the weather information recognition element A control scenario setting element configured to set the control mode of the operation of the air conditioning equipment installed in the building based on the second factor in consideration of the presence or absence or degree thereof (First invention).

According to the environmental integrated control system of the present invention, the distribution aspect of the space where the second factor is affected by the second factor from the specific factor around the singular factor present in the target space and the space where the degree of influence is low are: In view of fluctuations depending on the directivity of the weather situation represented by the first factor, clustering of a plurality of unit spaces is executed. The cluster has a shape that spreads in a biased manner with reference to a singular factor according to the directivity of the weather situation.

Then, for each cluster defined by clustering, the operation mode of the air-conditioning equipment installed in the building is controlled based on the second factor after considering the presence or degree of the influence of the second factor. The

For example, in the unit space constituting the first type cluster, the operation of the air conditioning equipment is controlled in consideration of the influence of the specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information. Further, in the unit space constituting the second type cluster, the operation of the air conditioning equipment is controlled after mainly taking into account the second factor included in the weather information. Here, the weather information is a concept including not only predicted weather information in the future but also current observed weather information.

Thereby, the operation of the air conditioning equipment in a plurality of geographically dispersed buildings can be comprehensively controlled in an appropriate manner according to the degree of influence of the specific factor with respect to the second factor.

The clustering element is configured to define a plurality of clusters having a three-dimensional unit space having a spread in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction as constituent elements, and the control scenario setting elements are different for the same building When the part which belongs to a cluster exists side by side, you may be comprised so that the control aspect of the operation | movement of the said air-conditioning equipment may be set so that an air-conditioning aspect may differ for every said part (2nd invention).

The clustering element is based on a wind direction or a wind direction and a wind speed as the first factor, a cold source or a heat source as the singular factor, and at least one position of an object that obstructs the flow of air. The control scenario is configured to define a plurality of clusters including a seed cluster and the second type cluster, and the control scenario setting element controls the operation of the air conditioning equipment based on temperature or temperature and humidity as the second factor. May be configured (third invention).

The clustering element includes the first type cluster and the second type based on the sunshine direction or the sunshine direction and the amount of solar radiation as the first factor, and at least one position among objects that obstruct sunshine as the specific factor. The control scenario setting element is configured to set a control mode of operation of the air conditioning equipment based on temperature or temperature and humidity as the second factor. (4th invention).

The control scenario setting element is such that the air conditioning cost of the building for each cluster or the environmental load applied to the external environment by the air conditioning is equal to or less than a threshold value, or the internal environment of the building approaches the designated internal environment. As described above, the control mode of the operation of the air conditioning equipment may be set (the fifth invention).

According to the environmental integrated control system having the above configuration, for each cluster, (1) air conditioning cost saving of the building, (2) reduction of environmental load given to the external environment by the air conditioning, or (3) comfort inside the building. The operation of each air conditioning facility can be controlled so that the performance and the like can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Configuration explanatory drawing of the environmental comprehensive control system of this invention. Explanatory drawing regarding the environmental comprehensive control method of this invention. The 1st illustration explanatory drawing regarding planar clustering. The 2nd illustration explanatory drawing regarding planar clustering. Explanatory drawing regarding three-dimensional clustering.

(Configuration of integrated environmental control system)
The environmental integrated control system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is configured by one or a plurality of server computers configured to be able to communicate with an air conditioning facility 2 installed in each building through a network.

The environmental integrated control system 1 includes a weather information recognition element 11, a clustering element 12, and a control scenario setting element 13. Each component of the system is composed of a CPU (arithmetic processing unit) and a memory (storage device) which are hardware resources of the computer. Each component may be configured in whole or in part by physically common hardware resources, or may be configured by physically separate hardware resources.

The computer or its constituent elements are configured to execute a certain arithmetic process. The CPU reads data and a program (software) from the memory, and executes the arithmetic process according to the program for the read data. Means that it has been programmed.

The weather information recognition element 11 is configured to receive, for example, weather information for each unit space from an external weather information station via a network. The meteorological information bureau collects the weather information for each unit space by collecting the detection results of various weather condition sensors such as thermometers, hygrometers, anemometers and anemometers installed at different locations via the network. It is configured to observe and predict. The weather information is basically created without considering the existence of specific factors described later. The weather information includes, for each unit space, a “first factor” representing a weather condition having directivity and a “second factor” representing a weather condition having no directivity.

The clustering element 12 is configured to classify a plurality of unit spaces defined by dividing the target space into a plurality of clusters including a first type cluster and a second type cluster based on weather information. Yes. The “first type cluster” is composed of a unit space in which the second factor is influenced in view of the first factor and the arrangement of specific factors that are the variation factors of the second factor in the target space. The “second type cluster” is composed of a unit space that is not affected by the influence.

The control scenario setting element 13 takes into account the presence or degree of the influence of a specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information for each cluster, and then is installed in the building based on the second factor. It is comprised so that the control aspect of operation | movement of the installation 2 may be set.

The air-conditioning facility 2 includes an air-conditioning control device 21 and air-conditioning equipment 22 arranged at one or more different locations in the building.

The air conditioning control device 21 is configured by a computer or a personal computer configured to be able to communicate with the environmental integrated control system 1 via a network. The air conditioning control device 21 receives a control command signal according to the control mode of the air conditioning equipment 2 set by the control scenario setting element 13 via the network. The air conditioning control device 21 is configured to control the operation of each air conditioning device 22 in accordance with the control command signal. Further, the air conditioner may transmit a detection result by a weather condition sensor (not shown) set in the building to the environmental integrated system 1 via the network.

The air conditioner 22 is configured to adjust the internal environment of the building, specifically, the temperature, humidity, air volume, and the like by its operation.

(Function of integrated environmental control system)
First, weather information for each unit space is recognized by the weather information recognition element 11 (FIG. 2 / STEP01). The weather information includes “wind direction” as a first factor representing a weather condition having directivity, and “temperature” as a second factor representing a weather condition having no directivity. The weather information is, for example, predicted weather information, and represents a change in weather conditions every hour in the future.

Next, a plurality of clusters including the “first type cluster” and the “second type cluster” are defined by the clustering element 12 according to the weather information (FIG. 2 / STEP02). Details of the clustering will be described later.

Then, the control scenario setting element 13 is installed in the building based on the second factor after considering the presence or degree of the influence of the specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information for each cluster. The control mode of the operation of the existing air conditioning equipment 2 is set (FIG. 2 / STEP03). Specifically, the control mode of the air conditioning equipment 2 is set based on the second factor after taking into account the presence or degree of the influence of the specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information. . Details of the control of the air conditioning equipment 2 will be described later.

(Example of clustering)
(Clustering (first embodiment))
There are a variety of definitions of the unit space. Here, for the sake of simplicity, as shown in FIG. 3A, the target space where the building to be controlled exists is divided into the east, west, south, and north directions, so that the rectangular unit space sij (i = , 1,..., J = 1, 2,. The lengths of the long side and the short side of the unit space sij can be arbitrarily changed. The hatched unit space sij is a “first singular space” including a cold heat source (first singular factor) such as a park or an artificial pond. A plurality of unit spaces are fluidly clustered based on the first singular space sij.

It is assumed that the weather information that the wind direction (first factor) in a certain time zone is “northwest”, that is, the wind WNW blowing from the unit space si-1j-1 to the first singular space sij is obtained. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3B, the first type cluster C1 (WNE) including the unit space adjacent on the leeward side to the first singular space sij = {si + 1j to si + 2j , Sij + 1 to si + 2j + 1, sij + 2 to si + 2j + 2}, and the second type cluster C2 (WNE) including a unit space adjacent to the first singular space sij on the windward side = A plurality of clusters including {si-1j-1 to si + 1j-1, si-1j, si-1j + 1} are defined.

Further, it is assumed that the weather information is obtained that the wind direction in a certain time zone is “east”, that is, the wind WE blows from the unit space sij + 1 to the first singular space sij. In this case, the first type cluster C1 (WE) = {si-1j− including the unit space adjacent to the first singular space sij on the leeward side by clustering as shown in FIG. 2 to si + 1j-2, si-1j-1 to si + 1j-1} and a second type cluster C2 (WE) = {including unit spaces adjacent to the first singular space sij on the windward side A plurality of clusters including si-1j, si + 1j, and si-1j + 1 to si-1j + 1} are defined.

Other type 1 clusters configured by unit area groups adjacent on the leeward side to the type 1 cluster C1 may be defined. Similarly, another second type cluster configured by unit area groups adjacent on the windward side to the second type cluster C2 may be defined.

In addition, since the wind direction is exemplified, it can be expressed in various directions such as south-southwest, southeast, etc., for example, 16 directions. Also good. The first type cluster may be defined so that the area increases as the wind speed increases (or the wind power increases).

The first unique area may constitute a cluster separate from the first type cluster and the second type cluster, or may constitute a part of the first type cluster or the second type cluster.

(Clustering (second embodiment))
Next, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), a series of unit space groups {sij | i = 1 to n} that are shaded are cold sources such as rivers and forests (first singular factors). Consider the case of the “first singular space group” including Also in this case, the plurality of unit spaces are fluidly clustered based on the first singular space group {sij} according to the wind direction and the like included in the weather information.

For example, it is assumed that the weather information that the wind direction in a certain time zone is “north”, that is, the wind WN blows substantially along the first singular space group {sij} is obtained. In this case, the first type cluster C1 (WN) = {sij−1 | i = which includes a space adjacent to the first singular space {sij} as shown in FIG. 1 to n} + {sij + 1 | i = 1 to n} and a second type cluster C2 (WN) = {sij−2 | i = 1 to including a unit space adjacent to the cluster C1 (W1) A plurality of clusters including n} + {sij + 2 | i = 1 to n} are defined.

It is also assumed that the weather information is obtained that the wind direction in a certain time zone is “northwest”, that is, the wind WNW blows across the first singular space group {sij}. In this case, the first type cluster C1 (WNW) = {sij including the unit space adjacent on the leeward side to the first singular space group {sij} as shown in FIG. 4C by clustering. +1 | i = 1 to n} + {sij + 2 | i = 1 to n} and the unit space and the first singular space sij that contact the first type cluster C1 (WNW) on the leeward side A plurality of clusters including the second type cluster C2 (W2) = {sij-1 | i = 1 to n} + {sij + 3 | i = 1 to n} including unit spaces adjacent on the windward side are defined. Is done.

Similarly, when the unit space sij is a first singular space including a thermal source (first singular factor) such as a plant, the first singular space is similarly selected according to the wind direction or the wind direction and the wind speed as the first factor. Clustering of unit space is executed with reference to.

(Clustering (Third Example))
If the unit space contains a second singular factor that hinders airflow or sunshine, such as terrain such as hills, dense buildings, etc., consider the existence of the unit space (second singular space) Clustering may be performed.

For example, when the unit space si + 1j + 1 shown in FIG. 3A corresponds to the second singular space, the first type cluster C1 (WNW) shown in FIG. The second singular space si + 1j + 1 and the unit space si + 2j + 2 on the leeward side may be excluded, and the excluded cluster may constitute a separate cluster such as the second type cluster C2 (WNW).

Further, when the unit space si + 1j shown in FIG. 3A corresponds to the second singular space, the second type cluster C1 (WE) shown in FIG. The unit spaces si + 1j-1 and si + 1j-2 on the leeward side of the singular space si + 1j may be excluded, and the excluded cluster may constitute a separate cluster such as the second type cluster C2 (WE). .

Based on the solar radiation direction or weather information including the solar radiation direction and the amount of sunlight as the first factor, the first type cluster including the unit space downstream of the second singular space with respect to the solar radiation direction, and the solar radiation direction A second type cluster including a unit space upstream of the second singular space may be defined. Since the amount of sunshine is a local weather condition rather than the wind, there is a unit space that is smaller in size than the case where the wind direction is taken into account (for example, a space that is wide enough to include two or three adjacent buildings). May be defined.

The second singular space may constitute a cluster separate from the first type cluster and the second type cluster, or may constitute a part of the first type cluster or the second type cluster.

(Clustering (fourth embodiment))
As shown in FIG. 5A, the ease of wind flow in the height direction may differ depending on the density of the buildings in the space near the river as the first singular factor or the topography. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), a three-dimensional (cuboid) unit space that extends not only in the horizontal direction but also in the vertical direction is defined, and three-dimensional for the unit space. Clustering is performed. In FIG. 5A, the unit space is defined in the vertical direction by dividing into elevation ranges H0 to H0 + H1 (first layer) and elevation ranges H0 + H1 to H0 + H2 (second layer).

The shape of the three-dimensional unit space can be changed variously. For example, an inclined columnar unit space in which the upper surface or the top surface of the column is displaced in the same direction as the wind direction as the first factor with respect to the lower surface or the bottom surface of the column may be defined. The amount of displacement of the upper surface relative to the lower surface of the column may be changed according to the wind speed process.

Even if the wind direction and the wind speed are the same, different clusters in the horizontal direction may be defined in layers having different heights. For example, the first layer defines the clusters shown in FIG. 3 (b) or 4 (b) in the horizontal direction, while the second layer defines FIG. 3 (c) or FIG. 4 (c) in the horizontal direction. May be defined.

However, since the wind direction is not always horizontal, three-dimensional clustering can be performed in consideration of the vertical component of the wind direction. For example, in FIG. 5 (a), when a wind blowing down from the left to the right is blown, it is predicted that there is little influence of the buildings in the vicinity of the river, so each of the first layer and the second layer In FIG. 8, an equivalent cluster may be defined in the horizontal direction.

(Operation control example of air conditioning equipment)
The control scenario setting element 13 is installed in the building based on the second factor after taking into consideration the presence or absence of the influence of the specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information for each cluster. The control mode of the operation of the air conditioning equipment 2 is set.

Specifically, the temperature as the second factor included in the weather information is corrected for the unit space belonging to the first type cluster C1. This is because, in the space belonging to the first type cluster C1, a cooling effect or a thermal effect of the external atmosphere of the building by the wind passing through the cold source or the thermal source as a first singular factor is expected. In addition, in a space belonging to the first type cluster C1 where sunlight is blocked by a dense building or the like as the second singular factor, it is expected that the thermal effect will be reduced by blocking sunlight. In addition to the temperature, the humidity as the second factor may be corrected.

In addition, each building is designed so that (1) the air conditioning cost of the building, (2) the environmental burden given to the external environment by the air conditioning, or (3) the human comfort index of the internal environment of the building falls within the target range. The operation control mode of the air conditioning equipment 2 is set.

Any one of the air-conditioning control factors (1) to (3) is individually designated for each air-conditioning equipment 2 or air-conditioning equipment 22 through the user's operation of the input device (keyboard, mouse pointing device, etc.) of the air-conditioning control device 2 Can be done.

Air conditioning costs are expressed in terms of energy consumption or electricity charges. Based on the deviation between the external temperature of the building and the internal temperature of the building as the second factor, the electric power consumed by the air conditioner 22 to make the internal temperature coincide with the target temperature is calculated. When calculating the power consumption, in addition to the volume of the room or internal space that is the target of air conditioning control, consideration is given to differences in the structure of the building, such as the distinction between a wooden structure and a reinforced concrete structure. Then, the air conditioning cost can be calculated based on the power consumption.

Environmental impact is expressed in terms of CO ₂ emissions. The environmental load can be calculated based on the power consumption calculated as described above.

The comfort index of the internal environment is expressed in terms of PMV (PredicteddictMean Vote) or the inverse of the discomfort index. The comfort index can be calculated based on the temperature and humidity inside the building measured by the thermometer of the air conditioner 2.

The algorithm for calculating the numerical value of each index is stored in the storage device constituting the environment control system 1 in the form of a conversion formula, a conversion chart or a table.

The operation of the air conditioning equipment 2 may be feedforward controlled based on the predicted weather information. For example, prior to the predicted increase in the amount of sunlight included in the weather information, the operation control of the air conditioning equipment 2 may be started so that the internal temperature of the building is maintained within the target temperature range after that time.

Thereby, compared with the case where the operation control of the building air conditioning equipment 2 is started following the amount of sunshine actually increased, the possibility that the internal temperature of the building temporarily rises is reduced. Can be done. The feedforward control is only required to be employed in a time zone or a situation where there is a high probability that the internal environment of the building deviates from the target environment, although it is temporary, due to a response delay due to feedback control.

Depending on the measurement results of the thermometer and hygrometer provided inside the building, the measured value is determined for each of the target temperature range and target humidity range determined from the viewpoint of keeping the waterfall index value within the target range. The operation of the air conditioning equipment 2 may be feedback controlled so as to be accommodated.

Even in the same building, the operation of the air conditioner 22 installed in different places may be controlled in different modes. For example, among the buildings, the air conditioning control mode of the lower floor portion corresponding to the first layer shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B and the air conditioning control mode of the upper floor portion corresponding to the second layer are as follows. May be different. This is because in the second layer, a cooling effect or a thermal effect of the external atmosphere of the building due to the wind that has passed through the first specific factor is expected.

From the same point of view, in the room on the windward side or the room facing the sunshine direction, the strength of cooling or heating may be differentiated compared to other rooms.

(Operational effects of the integrated environmental control system)
According to the environmental integrated control system of the present invention, the distribution aspect of the space where the second factor is affected by the second factor from the specific factor around the singular factor present in the target space and the space where the degree of influence is low are: In view of fluctuations depending on the directivity of the weather situation represented by the first factor, clustering of a plurality of unit spaces is executed.

For example, in the unit space constituting the first type cluster C1, the operation of the air conditioning equipment 2 is controlled in consideration of the influence of a specific factor on the temperature (second factor) included in the weather information. Further, in the unit space constituting the second type cluster C2, the operation of the air conditioning equipment 2 is controlled after mainly considering the temperature (second factor) included in the weather information.

Thereby, the operation of the air conditioner 2 in a plurality of geographically dispersed buildings is performed in an appropriate manner according to the degree of influence of the heat source or the airflow obstruction object (specific factor) on the temperature (second factor). It can be comprehensively controlled.

For each cluster, air conditioning costs can be reduced so that (1) the air conditioning costs of the building can be reduced, (2) the environmental load imposed on the external environment by the air conditioning can be reduced, or (3) the comfort inside the building can be improved. The operation of the equipment can be controlled.

Claims

A system configured to control the operation of air conditioning equipment installed in each of a plurality of buildings according to weather conditions,
For each unit space defined by dividing the target space, weather information including a first factor representing a weather condition having directivity and a second factor representing a weather condition having no directivity is recognized. Configured weather information recognition elements,
In view of the first factor included in the weather information recognized by the meteorological information recognition element and the arrangement mode of the specific factor that becomes the variation factor of the second factor in the target space, the second factor has an influence. A clustering element configured to define a plurality of clusters including a first type cluster configured from a unit space to be received and a second type cluster configured from a unit space not affected by the unit space;
For each cluster defined by the clustering element, after taking into account the presence or degree of the influence of the specific factor on the second factor included in the weather information recognized by the weather information recognition element, the second A comprehensive environment control system comprising: a control scenario setting element configured to set a control mode of operation of the air conditioning equipment installed in a building based on a factor.
In the environmental integrated control system according to claim 1,
The clustering element is configured to define a plurality of clusters having a three-dimensional unit space having a spread in each of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction as components.
The control scenario setting element is configured to set the control mode of the operation of the air conditioning equipment so that the air conditioning mode is different for each part when there are portions belonging to different clusters in the same building. Environmental control system characterized by
In the environmental integrated control system according to claim 1,
The clustering element is based on a wind direction or a wind direction and a wind speed as the first factor, a cold source or a heat source as the singular factor, and at least one position of an object that obstructs the flow of air. Configured to define a plurality of clusters including a seed cluster and the second seed cluster;
The environment comprehensive control system, wherein the control scenario setting element is configured to set a control mode of operation of the air conditioning equipment based on temperature or temperature and humidity as the second factor.
In the environmental integrated control system according to claim 1,
The clustering element includes the first type cluster and the second type based on the sunshine direction or the sunshine direction and the amount of solar radiation as the first factor, and at least one position among objects that obstruct sunshine as the specific factor. Configured to define multiple clusters, including clusters,
The environment comprehensive control system, wherein the control scenario setting element is configured to set a control mode of operation of the air conditioning equipment based on temperature or temperature and humidity as the second factor.
In the environmental integrated control system according to claim 1,
The control scenario setting element is configured so that the air conditioning cost of the building for each cluster, the environmental load given to the external environment by the air conditioning, or the comfort index for humans of the internal environment of the building falls within the target range. An integrated environmental control system configured to set a control mode of operation of an air conditioner.