WO2012034705A1

WO2012034705A1 - Oil system for supplying lubricating oil to a working machine and/or drive machine

Info

Publication number: WO2012034705A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/004651
Authority: WO
Inventors: Joerg Nickl; Eberhard Bredel; Joerg Auerswald; Michael Bucher
Original assignee: Voith Patent Gmbh
Priority date: 2010-09-17
Filing date: 2011-09-16
Publication date: 2012-03-22
Also published as: EP2616733A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an oil system for supplying lubricating oil to a working machine and/or drive machine, in particular a steam engine, which is operated with a liquid or vaporous working medium, comprising an oil return connected to the working machine and/or drive machine in order to return oil conducted out of the working machine and/or drive machine and/or out of the working medium into the working machine and/or drive machine, a separating device connected to the oil return for separating working medium contained in the oil returned in the oil return. The separating device has a heating device for heating the returned oil. The invention is characterized in that the heating device for heating the returned oil is supplied with heat from the working medium and/or with heat by means of which the liquid or vaporous working medium is also heated in order to operate the working machine and/or drive machine.

Description

Oil system for lubricating oil supply of a working and / or drive machine

The present invention relates to an oil system for supplying lubricating oil to a working and / or driving machine, in particular for lubricating oil supply of a steam engine, which is operated with a liquid or vaporous working medium. In principle, it is also conceivable that instead of a

vaporous working medium and another, at least in certain operating conditions gaseous working medium is used. Work or drive machines to be provided with an oil system for lubricating oil supply to lubricate bearings or relatively moving parts and / or to the work machine or

To cool the prime mover is known. Such a working machine, as supplied in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention with lubricating oil, for example, a steam engine (steam expander) or a pump, in particular feed pump in a steam cycle.

Although in such machines, such as reciprocating piston piston engines, a good seal of the oil system against

Work medium leading areas, in particular the working space, can be achieved, for example, by providing a separate crankcase with

Crankshaft, connecting rod, etc., there is a minor in practice

Oil carryover into the working medium. This is on the one hand disadvantageous for the working medium circuit. On the other hand, this means oil loss in the oil system.

It is possible, the registered in the working medium oil by means of a

Separate oil separator in the working medium circuit and feed the oil system again.

Such oil return involves the risk that due to an entrained in the working medium oil entrained working medium content

CONFIRMATION COPY Working fluid is added to the oil system and reduces the lubricity of the oil. Even at interfaces in the working and / or drive machine between the working medium and the oil system can in the worst case working medium penetrate into the oil system.

EP 1 525 912 A1 describes an arrangement for the treatment of engine oil in a motor vehicle, in which fuel contaminants in the engine oil are expelled in an electrically heated distillation space, thereby achieving high engine oil temperatures, so that only a very small proportion of the engine oil flow is always heated in the distillation space.

WO 2007/014942 A2 proposes to remove oil behind a steam expander from the

Separate steam cycle and feed again before the expander. DE 100 54 032 A1 describes a heat engine operated with superheated steam with an oil separator.

The present invention has for its object to provide an oil system for

To provide lubricating oil supply to a working and / or driving machine, which is improved in terms of the aforementioned problems compared to the prior art. In particular, the oil system by an effective and energetically favorable separation of the oil and the working fluid of the labor and / or

Distinguish prime mover. The object of the invention is achieved by an oil system with the features of claim 1. In the dependent claims advantageous and particularly expedient embodiments of the invention are given. Furthermore, a method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the operation of a

indicated oil system according to the invention. The oil system according to the invention, which is designed in particular for lubricating oil supply to a steam engine and thus as part of a steam power system, the steam engine (or the other working and / or

Drive machine) with a liquid or vaporous (possibly also

gaseous) working medium, has a connected to the working and / or drive machine, in particular steam engine oil return to order from the working and / or drive machine (steam engine) and / or the working medium discharged oil into the working and / or

Return engine (steam engine).

In order now to prevent an increasing proportion of working fluid in the oil of the oil system, a separation device is provided for exiting the working medium contained in the recirculated oil in the oil guide working fluid in the oil return, wherein the separation device has a heater for heating the recirculated oil, in particular up to partial or complete evaporation of the working medium contained in the recycled oil.

According to the invention, the heating device with heat from the working medium of the working and / or driving machine itself and / or with heat from a

Heat flow operated, with which the working fluid is heated to operate the working and / or driving machine. In other words, the same

Heat source for heating the working medium and to save heat for the purpose of heating the recirculated are used in the heater. Thus, in the system existing heat for heating the recirculated oil in the

Used heater and it can be dispensed in particular to an electric heating. In general, however, an electric booster heater could be considered. For example, if the working and / or driving machine is designed as a steam engine, with a vapor

Operating medium is operated, the heat flow, which is used for the evaporation of the working fluid, are also used for heating the recirculated oil in the heater. Such heat flow can For example, be the waste heat flow of an internal combustion engine in a motor vehicle or a stationary system. In particular, the heat flow from an exhaust gas stream of the internal combustion engine comes into consideration here. Additionally or alternatively, heat from the working medium itself can be used as a heat source for the heater for heating the recirculated oil. For this purpose, advantageously, the heater a

Have heat exchanger, which is flowed through by the working medium or a heated medium by means of the working medium heat transfer medium to release heat in the heater for heating the recirculated oil. Also

Waste heat of the recirculated oil after it has been heated with the heater comes into consideration.

Since in such a separating device after heating the recirculated oil with the working medium content, the liquid heat of the oil

represents predominant proportion of heat, the heater can in

Flow direction of the recirculated oil in the flow of oil a preheater are preceded, which is particularly advantageous designed as liquid-liquid preheater, which on its one side with the discharged from the working and / or drive machine and / or the working fluid oil, which has the working fluid content , is applied to the preheating, and on its other side with the heated by the heater return oil, from which the working medium was excreted. Thus, the heat of the completely or substantially free of working medium, by the heating of the

Separator device of heated recirculated oil to preheat the

following from the working and / or driving machine and / or the

Working medium discharged oil to be recycled, can be used, the preheater advantageously operates on the countercurrent principle, that is, the flow direction of the heated with the heater recirculated oil is opposite to the flow direction of the discharged oil. According to one embodiment of the invention, two oil streams of the working and / or driving machine are returned, namely a first oil flow from an oil separator positioned in the working medium flow via a first oil flow

Oil return line and a second oil flow from the working and / or

Drive machine, for example, from the crankcase of a steam engine in Hubkolbenbauart, in particular plunger type, via a second

Oil return line, which is connected on the oil side to the working and / or drive machine and is brought together with the first oil return line, for example in a collecting container. Such a collecting container can be advantageous in the embodiment described above with preheater

Flow direction of the recirculated oil upstream of the preheater and a heating tank for receiving the recirculated, heated by the heater oil can be connected downstream of the sump and in particular the preheater, so that the discharged from the working and / or drive machine and / or the working fluid first in the collecting container, then through the preheater and then flows into the heating tank. From the heating tank, the heated oil can then as a heat transfer medium of others

supplied to the heat-emitting side of the preheater and then

be returned in particular via an oil pump in the working and / or drive machine. Thus, the energy supplied to the heating tank is preheated energetically and extremely favorably, and the oil returned to the working and / or driving machine is cooled and thereby the heating tank from the outside

heat to be supplied, for example, from the exhaust stream of a

Internal combustion engine, in whose drive train the working and / or

Drive machine is arranged, for example, as a steam engine or feed pump, in particular in a vehicle drive train, minimized. The oil cooling is used to ensure a sufficient viscosity of the oil.

A steam power system according to the invention, in particular for a motor vehicle, accordingly has a steam cycle in which the working medium circulates at least partially in the vaporous state. In the steam cycle is a steam engine, in particular a feed pump, and a capacitor arranged. The steam engine and / or the feed pump is lubricated with an oil system according to the invention. An oil separator is advantageous upstream of the condenser and downstream of the steam engine or in the region of

Arbeitsmediumeinlasses positioned on the condenser or in the range of Arbeitsmediumauslasses on the steam engine in the steam cycle and with this oil separator from the working medium

separated oil treated by heating in a separator to minimize or eliminate the working medium content in the recirculated oil. In addition, also derived directly from the steam engine and / or the feed pump oil according to the departure of the

Be heated working medium proportion.

To that in the separation device by heating and in particular in the collecting container additionally separated working fluid back into the

To guide working medium circuit is advantageously a suction device on the separation device, in particular the heating tank and / or the

Connected collecting tank, which is the vaporous (gaseous)

Aspirates working medium and supplies the working medium circuit. Such a suction device can be embodied, for example, as an ejector or comprise one which is aligned in the working medium flow in such a way that it generates a suction effect. As a favorable position for such an ejector is the area of the steam cycle between the steam engine and the

See condenser, including the working medium inlet on the condenser and the Arbeitsmediumauslasses on the steam engine, especially in the flow direction of the steam behind the oil separator. As a working medium, for example, water comes into consideration. However, an alcohol, for example ethanol, has proved to be favorable. The invention will be described below by way of example with reference to an embodiment.

FIG. 1 shows a steam power system with a steam engine 1 and a condenser 4 in a steam circuit 21. Furthermore, one recognizes the feed pump 2 and the evaporator 22 as further conventional units of the steam cycle 21st

The feed pump 2 is associated with a bypass 23, with a bypass valve 18, the open position of which is determined by a sensor tank 17 which flows around the exhaust gas. The sensor container 17 is connected via a capillary or other line to the bypass valve 18, such that the pressure or volume change of the trapped in the sensor container 17 volume in dependence of

Exhaust gas temperature actuates the valve body of the bypass valve 18 or more or less shifts, thereby the flow cross-section of the

Bypass valve 18 to change. The actuation can be effected for example via a membrane. The positioning of the sensor container 17 is present in the exhaust stream 24 of an internal combustion engine before or at the exhaust gas inlet of a heating tank 7, which will be discussed in detail later, provided. Positioning in another position is possible.

Part of the heat of the exhaust stream 24 is used to vaporize the

Working medium used in the evaporator 22 and in addition to heating the oil of the oil system in the heating tank 7. For this purpose, the evaporator 22 and the heating tank 7 may be parallel or in series with each other, in the latter preferably positioned with the heating tank 7 in front of the evaporator 22 or in a different order.

On the outlet side of the feed pump 2, a check valve 16 is provided in the steam circuit 21, in particular directly at the outlet of the feed pump 2, which avoids a return flow of working medium. In the flow direction the working medium in front of the feed pump 2, a surge tank 19 is provided which avoids stronger pressure fluctuations due to the intermittent conveying, especially when using a Einzylinderhubkolbenpumpe with a longer Pumpenansaugleitung. This pressure equalization tank 19 is in a simple form of a voluminous tube with additional gas-side pressure equalization line 20, which the gas side of

Pressure equalization tank 19 with the gas side of the working medium reservoir 5, which is positioned in the flow direction between the condenser 4 and the feed pump 2 in the working medium circuit (steam cycle 21) connects. The height allocation between the working medium reservoir 5 and the

Pressure equalization tank 19 should advantageously be selected such that forms a liquid level in the surge tank 19.

In the present case, as shown, the working medium reservoir 5 is placed immediately adjacent to the condenser 4. If this is not possible, then by a siphon 30 in the condenser outlet line of the

Liquid level of the working medium in the condenser 4 are set.

In the flow direction of the working medium behind the steam engine 1, an oil separator 3 is provided, for example, as a cyclone separator

is executed. The positioning of the oil separator 3 at Arbeitsmediumauslass the steam engine 1 is favorable, since there prevails the lowest working medium density and thus the largest difference to the oil density. Depending on how well or poorly the oil is separated, should a more or less large Ölsverschleppung located in the behind the condenser 4 larger

Working medium reservoir 5 are taken into account in the dimensioning of the entire Olvorrats.

Another Olableitung takes place from the steam engine 1, for example, from the crankcase. Both the separated in the oil separator 3 and the derived from the steam engine 1 oil usually have one

Working medium content, which is entered in the oil system accordingly. According to the invention, a separation device 25 is now registered for the oil introduced into the oil system with the discharged or separated oil

Working medium provided. In the illustrated embodiment, this includes a first oil return line 26, which deposited in the oil separator 3

(Spilled) working medium-containing oil into a collecting container 6 leads, and a second oil return line 27, which leads the discharged from the steam engine 1 Arbeitsmediumhaltige oil into the collecting container 6.

In order to avoid an excessive working medium entry into the oil system, especially during the cold start of the steam power system, with an initial liquid content of the working medium by expansion in the two-phase region in the cold steam engine 1, in the first oil return line 26, as shown, a throttle 14, in particular fixed throttle, can be provided and / or this first oil return line 26 may be designed as a capillary. Additionally or alternatively, the working fluid-carrying outlet-side tube may be performed in the oil separator 3 as a dip tube 13.

From the collecting tank 6, the working medium-containing oil is finally passed into the heating tank 7. Here it is by supplying heat by means of a

Heating device 28 is heated until the working medium evaporates from the oil.

Additionally or alternatively to the flow shown here

Heating device 28 with exhaust, this could be from the hot working medium

be flowed through to effect the supply of heat into the oil. An electric or other working additional heater comes into consideration. For example, the working medium ethanol can be heated to more than 130 ° or 140 ° C., in particular to 150 ° C. or more. The steamed

Working fluid is from the heating tank 7 and in the present case also from the collecting container 6 via steam lines 9, 10 supplied to an ejector 8 in the steam cycle 21 between the oil separator 3 and the condenser 4, with the aid of the suction of the ejector 8. For this purpose, the steam side of the heating container 7 via the steam line 10 with the steam side of the collecting container. 6 connected.

Since the liquid heat of the oil in the heating tank 7 the vast majority

Represents heat fraction, a preheater 11 is provided in the separation device 25, through which the effluent from the heating tank 7

low-working medium oil (in the supply line 29) in countercurrent to the effluent from the reservoir 6 flowing into the heating tank 7

Working medium-rich oil flows before it by means of the oil pump 12, which is designed as a pressure-controlled pump or unregulated pump, in particular as a gear pump, brought in a conventional manner to the desired pressure and further supplied to the lubrication points of the steam engine 1 and / or the feed pump 2 becomes.

Advantageously, collecting container 6, preheater 11 and heating container 7 are mounted in a housing or container or other support structure, which is attached directly below the steam engine 1 as a larger oil pan.

By numerous baffles not only in the preheater 11, but also in the heating tank 7, a longer countercurrent can be realized to harmful

Avoid mixing operations. Exhaust gas and "clean" low-working-medium oil flow in particular over a shorter path through a plurality of parallel tubes The oil filler neck 15 is preferably located on the "clean" oil side.

The invention is particularly for lubricating oil supply of a steam engine and / or a feed pump of the type shown in one

Vehicle powertrain suitable, wherein exhaust heat of an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine for driving the vehicle to evaporate the Working medium of the steam cycle and for heating the recirculated oil to expel the working fluid from the recirculated oil, is used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 steam engine

2 feed pump

3 oil separators

4 capacitor

5 working medium reservoir

6 collection containers

7 heating tank

8 ejector

9, 10 steam pipes

11 preheaters

12 oil pump

13 dip tube

14 throttle

15 oil filler neck

16 check valve

17 sensor containers

18 bypass valve

19 pressure equalization tank

20 pressure compensation line

21 steam cycle

22 evaporator

23 Bypass to the feed pump

24 exhaust gas flow

25 separating device

26 first oil return line

27 second oil return line

28 heating device

29 supply line

30 siphon

Claims

claims

Oil system for lubricating oil supply of a working and / or

Drive machine, in particular a steam engine (1), which is operated with a liquid or vaporous working medium;

with a connected to the working and / or drive machine

Oil return to the discharged from the working and / or drive machine and / or the working fluid in the working and / or

Return drive unit;

a separating device (25) connected to the oil return for separating working medium contained in the oil returned in the oil return;

the separating device (25) has a heating device (28) for

Heating the recirculated oil to;

characterized in that

the heating device (28) for heating the recirculated oil with heat from the working medium and / or with heat, by means of which also the liquid or vaporous working medium is heated to operate the working and / or driving machine, is acted upon.

An oil system according to claim 1, characterized in that the working and / or driving machine is designed as a steam engine (1) whose working fluid is vaporized with a waste heat flow, in particular from the exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine, and

Abwärmestrom, heat from the waste heat stream and / or heat from the working fluid of the heater (28) is supplied to heat the recirculated oil.

Oil system according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the separating device (25) has a working medium flow positioned oil separator (3) with a first oil return line (26), and further comprises a second oil return line (27), the oil side connected to the working and / or driving machine and is merged with the first oil return line (26), in particular in a collecting container (6).

Oil system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heating device (28) is designed as an evaporation device, by means of which the working medium contained in the recirculated oil is evaporated or gasified.

Oil system according to claim 4, characterized in that the

Heating device (28) a preheater (11) for preheating the

recycled oil in the flow direction of the recirculated oil

upstream, in particular in the flow direction of the recirculated oil behind the merging of the first and the second oil return line (26, 27) or the collecting container (6).

Oil system according to claim 5, characterized in that in the

Preheater (11) returned oil with heat from the oil from the heater (28) for return to the working and / or

Drive machine is discharged, is heated.

Oil system according to claim 6, characterized in that the oil system further comprises a with the working and / or driving machine and the

Separating device (25) connected to the supply line (29), in particular with an oil pump (12), the Ausscheidevorrichtung (25) comprises a heating tank (7) for receiving the recycled oil to be heated, which in particular the collection container (6) is connected downstream Supply line (29) for discharging recycled oil from the heating container (7) opens into this, and in the flow direction of the oil in the Supply line (29) of the preheater (11) in the supply line (29) behind the heating tank (7) and in particular in front of the oil pump (12) is introduced to in the heating tank (7) inflowing oil of the oil return with heat from the oil in the To heat supply line (29).

8. steam power system, in particular for a motor vehicle,

8.1 with a steam circuit (21), in which the working medium partially in

vaporous state circulates;

8.2 with a steam cycle (21) arranged steam engine (1) and a steam cycle (21) arranged capacitor (4);

characterized in that

8.3 the steam engine (1) with an oil system according to one of

Claims 1 to 7 lubricating oil is supplied.

Steam power system according to claim 8, having an oil system according to claim 2, characterized in that the oil separator (3) upstream of the condenser (4) and downstream of the steam engine (1), in

Area of the working medium inlet on the condenser (4) or in the area of the working medium outlet on the steam engine (1) in

Steam cycle (21) is positioned.

10. Steam power system according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized

in that the separating device (25) has a

Working medium return for excreted from the oil working medium, in the flow direction of the steam in the steam cycle (21) in front of the condenser (4) or in the region of the working medium inlet in the condenser (4) and behind the steam engine (1) or in the Arbeitsmediumauslasses the steam engine ( 1), in particular behind the oil separator (3) opens.

11. Dam fkraft system according to claim 10, characterized in that the mouth of the working medium return line is designed as an ejector (8).

12. Steam power system according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized

characterized in that in the steam circuit (21) an evaporator (22) is arranged, in which the working medium is evaporated by supplying heat from a heat carrier, in particular exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, and that the heating device (28) with the same

Heat carrier is charged to heat the recirculated oil.

13. Steam power system according to claim 12, characterized in that the heat carrier flows in parallel through the evaporator (22) and the heating device (28), or the heating device (28) in the heat transfer stream

positioned upstream or downstream of the evaporator (22).

14. A method for separating working fluid of a lubricating oil-powered working and / or driving machine, in particular steam engine (1), wherein lubricating oil discharged from the working and / or driving machine and / or the working fluid and the working and / or driving machine is returned, characterized characterized in that the recycled oil is heated to separate the working medium.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the heating is continued until the partial or complete evaporation of the working medium.