WO2012026324A1 - Method for joining pipe base, method for producing vapor generator, member for pipe base, and vapor generator - Google Patents

Method for joining pipe base, method for producing vapor generator, member for pipe base, and vapor generator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012026324A1
WO2012026324A1 PCT/JP2011/068127 JP2011068127W WO2012026324A1 WO 2012026324 A1 WO2012026324 A1 WO 2012026324A1 JP 2011068127 W JP2011068127 W JP 2011068127W WO 2012026324 A1 WO2012026324 A1 WO 2012026324A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nozzle
base material
nozzle member
fixing
joining
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2011/068127
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
竜一 成田
崇 香川
宣隆 中島
Original Assignee
三菱重工業株式会社
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱重工業株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工業株式会社
Publication of WO2012026324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012026324A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
    • F16L41/08—Joining pipes to walls or pipes, the joined pipe axis being perpendicular to the plane of the wall or to the axis of another pipe
    • F16L41/082—Non-disconnectible joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
    • F16L41/084—Soldered joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K33/00—Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
    • B23K33/004—Filling of continuous seams
    • B23K33/006—Filling of continuous seams for cylindrical workpieces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/08—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam
    • F22B1/12—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being steam produced by an indirect cyclic process
    • F22B1/123—Steam generators downstream of a nuclear boiling water reactor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/22—Drums; Headers; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for joining a nozzle to a nozzle installed on a base material of a structure, a method for manufacturing a steam generator, a member for a nozzle, and a steam generator.
  • a pressurized water reactor uses light water as a reactor coolant and a neutron moderator.
  • Light water becomes high-temperature and high-pressure water that does not boil throughout the core.
  • the pressurized water nuclear reactor is one in which this high-temperature high-pressure water is sent to a steam generator to generate steam by heat exchange, and this steam is sent to a turbine generator for power generation.
  • the pressurized water reactor transfers heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure primary cooling water to the secondary cooling water via the steam generator, and generates water vapor of the secondary cooling water.
  • primary cooling water flows inside a large number of thin heat transfer tubes, and heat is transferred to secondary cooling water flowing outside to generate steam.
  • the pressurized water reactor uses the steam to turn the turbine to generate electricity.
  • the steam generator is provided with a tube group outer cylinder at a predetermined distance from the inner wall surface in a hollow hermetic body.
  • a plurality of U-shaped heat transfer tubes are arranged in the tube group outer cylinder, and the end portions of the heat transfer tubes are supported on the tube plate.
  • the tube may be supported by a tube plate, a tube group outer tube, or a body for draining or inspection.
  • a nozzle is used to support the tube. The nozzle is supported by being welded to a tube plate or a trunk.
  • Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose conventional nozzle connection methods.
  • a conventional nozzle connection method an end portion of a tube is inserted into a through hole of a tube sheet, and a circumferential weld joint is formed and joined to an inner surface of the through hole at the end portion.
  • the circumferential weld joint must first be pre-heated and positioned after preheating the nozzle member. Preheating is necessary in order to prevent the occurrence of welding defects in the welding of low alloy steel, which is a high-strength member constituting the steam generator.
  • Temporary welding may cause the nozzle member to be affected by deformation / inclination and displacement due to preheating thermal expansion. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the state of deformation of the nozzle member or the state where the nozzle member is positioned at a predetermined position of the tube plate. When deformation or misalignment has occurred, re-temporary welding may be necessary.
  • the main welding is performed with a positional deviation or tilt, it may not fit within the specified dimensions after the main welding.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and the nozzle member can be easily positioned with respect to the base material, and the nozzle member and the base material can be joined with high accuracy even after welding.
  • An object is to provide a nozzle connection method, a steam generator manufacturing method, a nozzle member, and a steam generator.
  • the nozzle joining method of the present invention is a nozzle joining method for joining a base material and a nozzle, and is a nozzle member that becomes the nozzle Has a fixing part that can be fixed to the base material, and temporarily fixing the nozzle member to the base material by the fixing part, the temporarily fixed member for the nozzle base and the base material A joining step of welding at least a part of the gap between the two, and an opening step of opening a passage from the nozzle member after welding to the base material.
  • This nozzle nozzle joining method of the present invention can be easily positioned without preheating the nozzle nozzle member. Moreover, since there is no deformation
  • the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the fixing portion is removed in the opening step.
  • the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part as a separate process.
  • the weld toe of the welded portion inside the opened passage is removed. Accordingly, it is possible to eliminate a problem associated with the weld toe. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe, the joining between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted and the joining reliability is improved.
  • the fixing portion has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member from the base material.
  • the fixing portion has a fastening structure that can be fastened to the base material.
  • the fixing portion is a male screw, and a female screw is formed on the base material. The engagement of the male screw and the female screw restricts the removal of the nozzle member from the base material so that the nozzle member does not float with respect to the base material.
  • the nozzle joining method according to the present invention preferably has a concave shape in which a convex shape is formed on one of the fixing portion and the base material, and the convex shape is fitted on the other. .
  • the nozzle member is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member does not float with respect to the base material.
  • the nozzle base member has an abutting surface that can abut against the surface of the base material around the fixed portion, and is capable of contacting the base material surface. It is preferable to have a contact portion.
  • the posture of the nozzle member relative to the base material is stabilized by the contact portion. Further, even when a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the temporarily fixed nozzle member by the joining process and a force for inclining the nozzle member is received, the force can be received at the contact portion. Since welding can be performed while maintaining the orientation of the nozzle member with respect to the base material, the joining accuracy between the base material and the nozzle member can be increased.
  • the contact portion is removed in the opening step.
  • the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part and the abutting part as a separate process. Further, along with the removal of the fixed portion and the contact portion, the weld toe of the welded portion located inside the opened passage is removed. Therefore, even if a defect associated with the weld toe exists, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe, the joining between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted and the joining reliability is improved.
  • the nozzle member has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as the fixing member is approached.
  • the tapered shape makes it easier for the operator to reach a gap between the nozzle member and the base material with a welding tool such as a torch. Moreover, it becomes easy for an operator to recognize the back of the clearance gap between the member for nozzles, and a base material by taper shape.
  • the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the nozzle member is processed with an opening tool having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion in a plan view.
  • the fixing portion is removed by the opening tool by performing the opening process. It is preferable to make the inner diameter of the processing hole of the nozzle member larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion.
  • the processing hole serves as a guide for the opening process. If it does so, a fixed part will be reliably removed with the tool for opening by performing an opening process.
  • the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the machining center of the opening tool and the outer diameter center of the fixed portion overlap in a plan view. Therefore, the fixing portion is surely removed by the opening tool.
  • the base material is a body of a steam generator or a tube plate. Since the present invention can realize a state of complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the facility of the nuclear power plant, reliability can be ensured.
  • the nozzle member according to the present invention is a nozzle member for joining to a base material as a nozzle, and the nozzle member is the base material. It has the fixing
  • the member for a nozzle according to the present invention can easily position the member for a nozzle with respect to the base material without preheating the member for the nozzle. Moreover, since there is no deformation
  • the nozzle member according to the present invention has a processing hole into which an opening tool can be inserted, and the diameter of the processing hole is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion in plan view.
  • the fixed portion is removed by the opening tool by performing the opening process. It is preferable to make the inner diameter of the processing hole of the nozzle member larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion.
  • the processing hole serves as a guide for the opening process. If it does so, a fixed part will be reliably removed with the tool for opening by performing an opening process.
  • the nozzle member according to the present invention is characterized in that the center of the inner diameter of the processing hole and the center of the outer diameter of the fixed portion overlap in a plan view. Therefore, the fixing portion is surely removed by the opening tool.
  • the steam generator of the present invention includes a base material for the steam generator, a nozzle base welded to the surface of the base material via a weld, A passage that penetrates at least the welded portion, the welded portion is exposed to the passage, and the thickness of the welded portion in the direction of the central axis of the welded portion decreases as it approaches the passage.
  • the nozzle joining method, the steam generator manufacturing method, the nozzle nozzle member, and the steam generator according to the present invention can be easily positioned, and even after welding, the nozzle nozzle member and the base material are highly accurate. The effect that it can join to is produced.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a nuclear power plant.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the steam generator of the nuclear power plant described in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating temporary fixing between the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a joining process and an opening process of the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an opening process of the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a tube according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory view illustrating a nozzle member and a base material according to a modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a nozzle member and a base material according to another modification of the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view of the main part of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of the main part of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a nuclear power plant.
  • FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the steam generator of the nuclear power plant described in FIG.
  • the nuclear power plant 100 includes, for example, a pressurized water light reactor nuclear power generation facility (see FIG. 1).
  • a reactor containment vessel 110, a reactor 120, a pressurizer 130, a steam generator 140, and a pump 150 are sequentially connected by a primary coolant pipe 160, and a primary coolant circulation path (primary system circulation path). ) Is configured. Further, a secondary coolant circulation path (secondary system circulation path) is formed between the steam generator 140 and the turbine 210.
  • the primary coolant is heated in the nuclear reactor 120 to become high temperature and high pressure, and is pressurized by the pressurizer 130 and supplied to the steam generator 140 while maintaining the pressure constant.
  • the steam generator 140 performs heat exchange between the primary coolant and the secondary coolant, the secondary coolant evaporates to become steam.
  • the secondary coolant that has become the steam is supplied to the turbine 210, whereby the turbine 210 is driven and power is supplied to the generator 220.
  • the primary coolant that has passed through the steam generator 140 is recovered via the primary coolant pipe 160 and supplied to the reactor 120 side.
  • the secondary cooling water that has passed through the turbine 210 is cooled by the condenser 230, and then recovered through the secondary coolant pipe 240 and supplied to the steam generator 140.
  • the nuclear power plant 100 handles high-temperature / high-pressure fluid and fluid that may contain radioactive substances. For this reason, strict management is required at the time of production. Since these pipes are composed of a welded structure, the soundness of welding is an essential condition.
  • the steam generator 140 includes a body 141, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 142, a steam separator 143, and a moisture separator 144 (see FIG. 2).
  • the body 141 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a hollow sealed structure, and is arranged with the longitudinal direction thereof directed in the vertical direction.
  • drum 141 has a pair of water chamber 1413, 1414 divided by the tube plate 1411 and the partition plate 1412 in the bottom part.
  • the water chamber 1413 (1414) is connected to the primary coolant pipe 160 via an inlet side nozzle 1415 (outlet side nozzle 1416).
  • the heat transfer tube 142 has a substantially U shape, and is disposed in the body 141 with both ends directed vertically downward.
  • Both ends of the heat transfer tube 142 are inserted into the tube plate 1411 and supported. Further, both end portions of the heat transfer tube 142 open to the inlet side water chamber 1413 and the outlet side water chamber 1414, respectively.
  • a tube group outer cylinder 145 having a cylindrical shape is disposed in the body portion 141, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 142 are disposed in the tube group outer cylinder 145.
  • a plurality of tube support plates 146 are arranged in the tube group outer tube 145 at a predetermined interval.
  • the heat transfer tubes 142 are supported by these tube support plates 146.
  • the tube group outer cylinder 145 is disposed with a gap with respect to the inner wall of the body portion 141.
  • the steam separator 143 is a device that separates feed water into steam and hot water.
  • the moisture separator 144 is a device that removes moisture from the separated steam and brings it into a state close to dry steam.
  • the primary coolant flows into the inlet side water chamber 1413 from the inlet side nozzle 1415, enters the outlet side water chamber 1414 through the heat transfer pipe 142, and is discharged from the outlet side nozzle 1416 to the outside.
  • the secondary coolant is introduced from the water supply pipe 1417 into the body 141 and passes through the pipe group outer cylinder 145. At this time, heat exchange between the primary coolant and the secondary coolant is performed, and the secondary coolant is heated. Then, when the secondary coolant passes through the steam separator 143 and the moisture separator 144, the steam component of the secondary coolant is taken out and supplied to the turbine 210 side.
  • the steam generator 140 is supported by a tube plate, a tube group outer cylinder, and a body portion for draining and inspection.
  • the nozzles 10 and 20 are used.
  • the nozzle is supported by being welded to a tube plate or a trunk.
  • the steam generator 140 needs to weld the nozzles 10 and 20 to the tube sheet, the tube group outer cylinder, and the body portion in a completely melted state.
  • complete penetration refers to a state of penetration in which a welded joint that joins two members is welded over the entire region of at least one joint thickness. In the facility of the nuclear power plant 100 such as the steam generator 140, it is an essential requirement that a state of complete penetration is realized in the welding of the nozzle.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle according to the first embodiment.
  • the nozzle 11 that is a tubular joint is welded to the body 141 of the steam generator 140 that is a base material.
  • the nozzle part 11 has a substantially cylindrical outer diameter.
  • the nozzle part 11 is formed of, for example, low alloy steel or carbon steel. Further, the outer diameter of the nozzle 11 is about 50 mm to 150 mm and the height is about 100 mm to 150 mm.
  • a nozzle hole 11x having a central axis in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface 141b of the body 141 is opened, and a nozzle hole wall 21 is provided.
  • the inner diameter of the nozzle hole 11x is, for example, about ⁇ 10 mm to 50 mm.
  • the nozzle part 11 has the taper part 17 used as the welding surface welded with the trunk
  • the body 141 has a base material hole 141x that penetrates the outer surface 141b and the inner surface 141c, and has a base material hole wall 141a.
  • the nozzle part 11 is welded and joined to the body part 141 via the welding part 14 so that the central axis of the nozzle hole 11x of the nozzle part 11 is aligned with the central axis O of the base material hole 141x. And it opens from the nozzle hole 11x to the base material hole 141x, and the welding part hole 14x has penetrated.
  • a passage is formed by the nozzle hole 11x, the weld hole 14x, and the base material hole 141x. In the passage, the welded portion is exposed to the welded portion hole inner wall 14a.
  • the passage has the same inner diameter, and the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 141a are connected to each other so that the surface is smoothly connected.
  • the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal portion 11 is opposed to the outer surface 141b of the body portion 141 via a welded portion. Due to the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal 11, the distance between the nozzle pedestal 11 and the outer surface 141b of the trunk 141 is gradually increased. Accordingly, the thickness of the welded portion in the direction of the central axis O formed at least in the gap between the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal 11 and the outer surface 141b of the trunk portion 141 becomes smaller as it approaches the inner wall 14a of the welded portion hole.
  • the nozzle 10 of Example 1 is the penetration welded with the welding part over the whole area
  • the boundary between the nozzle 11 and the welded portion 14 is a bond portion 14b. Further, the boundary between the body portion 141 and the welded portion 14 becomes a bond portion 14c.
  • the outer peripheral surface 11b of the nozzle part 11 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 are surface-finished. The outer peripheral surface 14d of the welded portion 14 is cut so as to have a predetermined curvature.
  • the nozzle 10 has a passage having a nozzle hole 11x, a weld hole 14x, and a base material hole 141x. Since it has the channel
  • the nozzle 10 can be connected to the outside through the nozzle 11 that is welded to the barrel 141 in a completely melted state. Moreover, the nozzle 10 is joined at an accurate position, and can be highly reliable as a joint even at high temperature and high pressure.
  • FIG. 5 a nozzle member 111 that becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 111 has a substantially cylindrical outer diameter.
  • the taper part 17 becomes a taper shape in which an outer diameter becomes small, so that the cylindrical center axis
  • a fixing portion 13 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 111 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 111 on the tapered portion 17 side.
  • the tapered portion 17 and the fixed portion 13 are connected via the bottom raising portion 16.
  • the bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined.
  • the outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the first embodiment is substantially the same shape as the fixed portion 13.
  • the nozzle member 111 has a taper portion 17 serving as a welding surface to be welded to the body portion 141 which is a base material, a joint end portion 12 for connecting, and a diameter from the joint end portion 12 in the inner diameter direction sequentially. It has a mortar-shaped mortar wall 22 that becomes smaller.
  • the mortar wall 22 is connected to the processing hole 23.
  • a center guide 24 for guiding the opening tool 41 is provided at the center of the processing hole 23.
  • a male screw 15 is threaded on the outer periphery of the fixed portion 13.
  • a guide hole 31 is formed in the body portion 141 which is a base material after processing the pilot hole 32.
  • the guide hole 31 is tapped to form a female screw that can receive the male screw of the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle member 111.
  • the fixing portion 13 is a male screw 15, and since the female screw is formed on the base material, the fastening strength can be increased. If the guide hole 31 is formed in advance when the internal thread processing is performed on the body portion 141, the guide hole 31 can be processed continuously with other internal thread processing that is processed on the body portion 141.
  • the joining process will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the bottom raised portion 16 defines the distance between the outer surface 141 b of the body portion 141 and the taper portion 17 in the direction of the central axis O.
  • a welding tool such as a torch is inserted into the gap between the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 and the outer surface 141b, and overlay welding is performed.
  • the presence of the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 ensures a space extending toward the outer periphery between the reference surface of the outer surface 141 b of the trunk portion 141 and the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111. Further, since the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 is provided, the operator can easily reach the gap between the nozzle member 111 and the base material. In addition, the operator can easily recognize the depth of the gap between the nozzle member 111 and the base material. Therefore, the operator can improve the welding quality of the weld toe L. It is preferable that the overlay welding is performed so that the weld toe M is formed beyond the tapered outer peripheral end 17a of the tapered portion 17. This is because it becomes easy to finish the weld toe M in a subsequent process.
  • a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 111 temporarily fixed, and the nozzle member 111 may receive a lifting force.
  • the engagement between the male screw and the female screw restricts the nozzle member 111 from coming off the base so that the nozzle member 111 does not float with respect to the base. Due to the fastening structure (screw structure) fastened in the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 111 is unlikely to be lifted from the trunk part 141, so that the nozzle member 111 and the trunk part 141 can be joined with high accuracy.
  • the weld toe on the outer surface 141 b of the body 141 is a weld toe N.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining overlapping in a plan view of the nozzle member 111 of FIG.
  • the nozzle member 111 joined to the barrel 141 is opened from the nozzle member 111 to the barrel 141 with an opening tool 41 such as a drill.
  • the processing hole 23 of the nozzle member 111 serves as a processing guide for the opening tool 41.
  • Processing is started from the center guide 24 that coincides with the cylindrical center axis O of the nozzle member 111.
  • the opening process is continued until the opening tool 41 reaches at least the body 141.
  • the opening process may be a passage that penetrates at least the welded portion 14.
  • the machining by the opening tool 41 may be stopped not only in the opening through which the entire body portion 141 is penetrated.
  • the base material hole 141x in FIG. 3 is not a through hole but a concave shape.
  • the base hole 141x having a concave hole shape for example, another side hole is formed in the body portion 141, and the other side hole is connected to the base hole 141x having a concave hole shape to form a passage.
  • the center guide 24 coincides with the cylindrical central axis O, and the machining is performed along the cylindrical central axis O.
  • the processing center of the opening tool 41 and the center of the outer diameter of the fixed portion 13 coincide on the extension line of the cylindrical center axis O.
  • the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 generally follows the guide. Therefore, the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixed portion 13. If it does so, the fixing
  • the weld toe L between the nozzle member 111 and the base material is removed along with the removal of the fixing portion 13, the weld toe L between the nozzle member 111 and the base material is removed. Therefore, even if a defect associated with the weld toe L exists, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe L, the joining between the nozzle member 111 and the base material is completely melted, and the joining reliability is improved. If the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixing portion 13, the central axis of the fixing portion 13 and the machining axis do not necessarily have to coincide with each other. As shown in FIG.
  • Example 1 as shown in FIG. 3, the opening process is performed until the opening tool 41 in FIG. 6 reaches the inner surface 141c from the outer surface 141b of the body 141.
  • the opening process may not be performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 141c from the outer surface 141b of the body 141, or may be stopped halfway.
  • the opening tool 41 exceeds the outer surface 141b of the body part 141, the weld toe L shown in FIG. 6 is removed, so that the pipe is connected to the outside through the nozzle part 11 welded and joined in a completely melted state. can do.
  • the finishing process will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the weld toes M and N shown in FIG. 6 are gently smoothed by a grinder or the like. This is to improve the long-term fatigue strength of the nozzle 10.
  • the outer peripheral surface 11 b of the nozzle base 11 and the outer peripheral surface 14 d of the welded portion 14 are surface-finished.
  • the outer peripheral surface 11b of the nozzle base part 11 is ground and thinned, for example, by an outer diameter of 1 mm to 6 mm.
  • the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 is processed so as to have a predetermined curvature.
  • the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the substrate hole wall 141a are also ground. Then, it is preferable to perform a general annealing process etc. after welding.
  • the present invention can join the nozzle member and the base material with high accuracy. Further, since the welded portion is exposed to the passage by removing the weld toe, the joint between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted, and the joint reliability is improved. Reliability can be ensured because it is possible to realize the complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the nuclear plant equipment.
  • the base material has been described as the body 141 of the steam generator 140, but the base material is not limited.
  • the base material may be the tube plate 1411.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the second embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • the nozzle 20 of the second embodiment as shown in FIG. 8, the nozzle 20 is joined by welding to a tube plate 1411 of a steam generator 140 that is a base material, and a nozzle 19 that is a tubular joint.
  • the nozzle part 19 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape, and a nozzle hole 19x having a central axis in the direction perpendicular to the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411 is opened inside. have.
  • the tube plate 1411 has a base material hole 1411x that passes through the outer surface 1411b and the inner surface 1411c, and has a base material hole wall 1411a.
  • the pedestal portion 19 is welded to the tube plate 1411 via the welded portion 14 so that the central axis of the pedestal hole 19x of the pedestal portion 19 is aligned with the central axis of the base material hole 1411x. And it opens from the nozzle hole 19x to the base material hole 1411x, and the welding part hole 14x has penetrated.
  • a passage is formed by the nozzle hole 19x, the weld hole 14x, and the base material hole 141x. In the passage, the welded portion 14 is exposed to the welded portion hole inner wall 14a.
  • the passage has the same diameter, and the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 1411a are connected to each other so that the surface is smoothly connected.
  • the nozzle 20 of the second embodiment is a weld that is welded to the welding material over the entire region of the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle 19, so that the complete penetration is achieved. It is in a state.
  • the boundary between the nozzle 19 and the welded portion 14 is a bond portion 14b. Further, the boundary between the tube sheet 1411 and the welded portion 14 becomes a bond portion 14c.
  • the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle base part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the weld part 14 are surface-finished.
  • the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle base 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welded portion 14 are cut so as to have a predetermined curvature.
  • the nozzle 20 has a passage having a nozzle hole 19x, a weld hole 14x, and a base material hole 1411x. Since it has the channel
  • the nozzle 20 can be connected to the outside through a nozzle 19 that is welded to the tube sheet 1411 in a completely melted state. Moreover, the nozzle 20 is joined at an accurate position, and can be highly reliable as a joint even at high temperature and high pressure.
  • the nozzle joining method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • a nozzle member 191 that becomes the nozzle portion 19 in FIG. 8 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 191 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape.
  • the nozzle base member 191 has a tapered portion 17 serving as a welding surface to be welded to the tube plate 1411 as a base material.
  • the tapered portion 17 has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it approaches the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191.
  • a fixing portion 13 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 191 on the tapered portion 17 side.
  • the bottom portion of the nozzle member 191 and the fixing portion 13 are formed via the bottom raising portion 16.
  • the bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion 14 after welding can be defined.
  • the outer diameter S of the raised bottom portion 16 according to the second embodiment is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixed portion 13 and is substantially similar to the fixed portion 13.
  • the bottom surface of the raised bottom portion 16 is an abutting portion 18 that forms an abutting surface that can be abutted against the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411 that is located around the fixed portion 13 and is the base material surface.
  • the abutting surface of the contact portion 18 includes a surface orthogonal to the central axis O.
  • the member 191 for pipes has the joint end part 12 for connecting, and the mortar-shaped mortar wall 22 in which a diameter becomes small sequentially from the joint end part 12 to an internal diameter direction.
  • the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle base member 191 is fastened and temporarily fixed to the guide hole 31.
  • the nozzle member 191 can be easily positioned with respect to the tube plate 1411 without preheating.
  • the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle member 191 is fastened to the guide hole 31, and the abutting portion 18 is in contact with the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411 which is the base material surface. Touched.
  • a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 191 temporarily fixed, and the nozzle member 191 may receive a lifting force.
  • the nozzle member 191 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 191 does not float with respect to the tube plate 1411.
  • the fastening structure screw structure
  • the nozzle member 191 does not easily float from the tube plate 1411, so that the nozzle member 191 and the tube plate 1411 can be joined with high accuracy. Since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 191 from the tube plate 1411, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized.
  • the contact part 18 is further contact
  • the contact portion 18 stabilizes the posture of the nozzle base member 191 with respect to the tube plate 1411 which is a base material. Further, even if a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the tube member 191 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the tube member 191 receives a force for inclining with respect to the tube plate 1411, the contact portion 18. Can accept the power. Since welding can be performed while maintaining the posture of the nozzle 191 with respect to the base material, the nozzle 191 and the tube plate 1411 can be joined with high accuracy.
  • the opening process will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the nozzle member 191 joined to the tube sheet 1411 is transferred from the nozzle member 191 to the tube sheet 1411 with an opening tool 41 that is an opening tool such as a drill. Open.
  • the processing hole 23 of the nozzle member 191 serves as a processing guide for the opening tool 41.
  • Processing is started from the center guide 24 that coincides with the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191.
  • the opening process is continued until the opening tool 41 reaches at least the tube sheet 1411.
  • the opening process may be a passage that penetrates at least the welded portion 14. In the opening process, not only the opening through which the tube sheet 1411 is completely penetrated, but the processing by the opening tool 41 may be stopped halfway.
  • the base material hole 1411x in FIG. 8 is not a through hole but a concave shape. Even if the base hole 1411x has a concave hole shape, for example, another side hole is formed in the tube plate 1411, and the other side hole is connected to the base hole 1411x having the concave hole shape to form a passage. Can do.
  • the center guide 24 coincides with the cylindrical central axis O, and the machining is performed along the cylindrical central axis O.
  • the diameter Q of the machining hole 23 for guiding the opening tool 41 is made larger than the outer diameter S of the contact portion 18 (bottom raising portion 16), the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 follows the guide.
  • the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter S of the contact portion 18 (bottom raising portion 16). If it does so, the contact part 18 (bottom raising part 16) and the fixing
  • Example 2 opening processing is performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 1411c from the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411.
  • the opening process may not be performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 1411c from the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411, or may be stopped halfway.
  • the opening tool 41 exceeds the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411, the weld toe L shown in FIG. 9 is removed, so that the pipe is connected to the outside through the nozzle base 19 welded and joined in a completely melted state. can do.
  • the finishing process will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the weld toes M and N shown in FIG. 9 are gently made with a grinder or the like. This is to improve the long-term fatigue strength of the nozzle 20.
  • the outer peripheral surface 19 b of the nozzle part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14 d of the welded part 14 are surface-finished.
  • the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle part 19 is ground and thinned, for example, by an outer diameter of 1 mm to 6 mm.
  • the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 are processed so that it may have a predetermined curvature.
  • the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 1411a are also ground and the like. Then, it is preferable to perform a general annealing process etc. after welding.
  • the present invention can join the nozzle member and the base material with high accuracy. Further, since the welded portion is exposed to the passage by removing the weld toe, the joint between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted, and the joint reliability is improved. Reliability can be ensured because it is possible to realize the complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the nuclear plant equipment.
  • the base 20 of the second embodiment has been described as the tube plate 1411 of the steam generator 140 as a base material.
  • the base material is not limited.
  • the base material may be the body 141 as in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the third embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • a nozzle member 112 that becomes the nozzle portion 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 112 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape.
  • the bottom raising portion 16 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 112 on the tapered portion 17 side, and the guide hole 33 serving as a fixing portion is formed in the bottom raising portion 16.
  • a female screw 36 is tapped on the inner wall surface of the guide hole 33.
  • the guide hole 33 of the fixed portion has the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 112.
  • the bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined.
  • the outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the third embodiment is substantially the same shape as the guide hole 33 and has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the guide hole 33.
  • the bottom surface of the bottom raised portion 16 is an abutting portion 18 that forms a flat surface parallel to the outer surface 141b of the body portion 141 that is a base material surface and is located around the fixed portion.
  • the protrusion part 34 is formed in the trunk
  • the protruding portion 34 is threaded to form a male screw 35 that can be inserted into the female screw 36 of the guide hole 33 that is a fixing portion of the nozzle member 112.
  • the protruding portion 34 is fastened and temporarily fixed to the guide hole 33 which is a fixing portion.
  • the nozzle member 112 can be easily positioned without preheating.
  • the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG.
  • a force such as a tensile stress may be applied to the nozzle member 112 that is temporarily fixed to receive a lifting force.
  • the nozzle member 112 is prevented from coming off from the barrel 141 so that the nozzle member 112 does not float from the barrel 141.
  • the temporary fixing step due to the tightened fastening structure (screw structure), the nozzle member 112 does not float from the body 141, and the joining accuracy can be improved. Since it has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member 112 from the body portion 141, accuracy inaccuracy in the joining process (differences between reference surfaces, misunderstandings) is minimized.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • a nozzle member 113 to be the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 113 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape.
  • a fixing portion 51 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 113 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 113 on the tapered portion 17 side.
  • the bottom raising part 16 is formed in the bottom part of the nozzle member 113, and the bottom raising part 16 and the fixing part 51 are continuously formed.
  • the bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined.
  • the outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the fourth embodiment is substantially the same shape as the fixed portion 51 and has the same diameter.
  • a guide hole 52 is formed in the body 141 which is a base material.
  • the outer diameter T of the fixing portion 51 is set in a range that is more suitable for a tight fit than the inner diameter U of the guide hole 52.
  • the fixing portion 51 is press-fitted into the guide hole 52 and fastened to be temporarily fixed.
  • the fixed portion 51 forms a convex shape, and a concave shape is formed in the guide hole 52 formed in the base material so that the fixed portion 51 and the guide hole 52 can be fitted together.
  • the concave / convex fitting between the fixing portion 51 and the guide hole 52 may be reversed.
  • the nozzle member 113 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by fitting the unevenness.
  • the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG.
  • a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 113 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 113 may receive a lifting force. Due to the uneven fitting, the nozzle member 113 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 113 does not float with respect to the base material. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 113 is unlikely to be lifted from the body 141 due to the fastening structure (fitting structure) fastened. That is, since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 113 from the body portion 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
  • FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a modification of the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • the nozzle member 114 which becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 114 has a pin-shaped fixing portion 53 as shown in FIG.
  • the outer surface 141b of the trunk portion 141 has a hole-shaped guide hole 54 corresponding to the fixing portion 53 as shown in FIG.
  • the fixing portion 53 is attached to the guide hole 54 and fastened by being fastened.
  • the fixing portion 53 forms a convex shape, and a concave shape is formed in the guide hole 54 formed in the base material so that the fixing portion 53 and the guide hole 54 can be fitted together.
  • the concave / convex fitting between the fixing portion 53 and the guide hole 54 may be reversed.
  • the nozzle member 114 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by fitting the unevenness.
  • the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG.
  • a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 114 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 114 may receive a lifting force.
  • the nozzle member 114 By fitting the unevenness, the nozzle member 114 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 114 does not float with respect to the base material. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 114 is unlikely to be lifted from the body portion 141 due to the tightened fastening structure (fitting structure). That is, since it has a structure that restricts the withdrawal of the nozzle member 114 from the body portion 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
  • FIG. 13, FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are explanatory views for explaining another modified example of the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  • a nozzle member 115 that becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared.
  • the nozzle member 115 has a fixing portion 55 with an engaging convex portion 56 as shown in FIG.
  • the body 141 has a guide hole 57 and has a hole shape with an engagement recess 59 as shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 is a plan view in which only the fixing portion 55 is seen in a plan view from the bottom portion on the taper portion 17 side of the nozzle member 115.
  • the fixing portion 55 has an engaging convex portion 56 on a part of the outer periphery of the fixing portion 55.
  • FIG. 15 is a plan view of the guide hole 57 as seen in a plan view from the upper surface on the body 141b side.
  • the guide hole 57 has an insertion groove 58, and the engagement recess 59 is behind the body 141b except for the insertion groove 58.
  • the engagement between the fixing portion 55 and the guide hole 57 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13, 14, and 15.
  • the engaging convex portion 56 of the fixing portion 55 is inserted so as to pass through the insertion groove 58 of the guide hole 57.
  • the nozzle member 115 is rotated so that the engaging convex portion 56 and the engaging concave portion 59 are engaged with each other as shown in FIG.
  • the engagement convex portion 56 and the engagement concave portion 59 mesh with each other, so that the nozzle member 115 is prevented from coming off from the body portion 141 and is fastened and temporarily fixed.
  • the nozzle member 115 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by engaging the concaves and convexes.
  • the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG.
  • a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 115 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 115 may receive a lifting force. Due to the engagement of the projections and recesses, the nozzle member 115 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 115 does not float with respect to the body 141. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 115 is unlikely to be lifted from the body 141 due to the fastening structure (engagement structure) fastened. That is, since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 115 from the body 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
  • the tube can be supported on the tube plate, the tube group outer cylinder, and the body portion for the heat transfer tube, the drain, and the inspection by using the nozzle described in the embodiment.
  • a pressurized water type light water reactor nuclear power generation facility has been described as an example, it can be applied to a boiling water type and other nuclear power plants. It can also be applied to general heat exchangers and thermal power plants.
  • the present invention is more effective in high-temperature and high-pressure piping.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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  • Non-Disconnectible Joints And Screw-Threaded Joints (AREA)

Abstract

A member for a pipe base, the member being adapted to be a pipe base, has an affixation section which can be affixed to a base material. A method for joining the pipe base has: a temporary affixation step for temporarily affixing the member for a pipe base to the base material by means of the affixation section; a joining step for joining by welding at least a part of the gap between the member for a pipe base and the base material which are temporarily affixed to each other; and a hole forming step for forming a hole extending from the member for a pipe base, the member having been welded, to the base material. The present invention can highly accurately join the member for a pipe base and the base material together because positioning can be easily performed without preheating.

Description

管台接合方法、蒸気発生器の製造方法、管台用部材及び蒸気発生器Method of joining nozzle, method of producing steam generator, member for nozzle, and steam generator
　本発明は、構造体の基材に設置する管台の管台接合方法、蒸気発生器の製造方法、管台用部材及び蒸気発生器に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for joining a nozzle to a nozzle installed on a base material of a structure, a method for manufacturing a steam generator, a member for a nozzle, and a steam generator.
　例えば、加圧水型原子炉（ＰＷＲ：Pressurized　Water　Reactor）は、軽水を原子炉冷却材及び中性子減速材として使用する。軽水は炉心全体にわたって沸騰しない高温高圧水となる。加圧水型原子炉は、この高温高圧水を蒸気発生器に送って熱交換により蒸気を発生させ、この蒸気をタービン発電機へ送って発電するものである。そして、加圧水型原子炉は、蒸気発生器を介して高温高圧の一次冷却水の熱を二次冷却水に伝え、二次冷却水の水蒸気を発生させるものである。蒸気発生器は、多数の細い伝熱管の内側を一次冷却水が流れ、外側を流れる二次冷却水に熱を伝えて水蒸気を生成する。加圧水型原子炉は、この水蒸気によりタービンを回して発電している。 For example, a pressurized water reactor (PWR) uses light water as a reactor coolant and a neutron moderator. Light water becomes high-temperature and high-pressure water that does not boil throughout the core. The pressurized water nuclear reactor is one in which this high-temperature high-pressure water is sent to a steam generator to generate steam by heat exchange, and this steam is sent to a turbine generator for power generation. The pressurized water reactor transfers heat of the high-temperature and high-pressure primary cooling water to the secondary cooling water via the steam generator, and generates water vapor of the secondary cooling water. In the steam generator, primary cooling water flows inside a large number of thin heat transfer tubes, and heat is transferred to secondary cooling water flowing outside to generate steam. The pressurized water reactor uses the steam to turn the turbine to generate electricity.
　蒸気発生器は、中空密閉形状をなす胴部内に、その内壁面と所定間隔をもって管群外筒を配設する。この管群外筒内にＵ字形状をなす複数の伝熱管を配設し、各伝熱管の端部を管板に支持する。また、伝熱管以外にも、ドレイン用や検査用等のため、管板、管群外筒や胴部に管を支持することがある。管を支持するためには、管台が用いられる。管台は管板や胴部等に溶接されて支持される。 The steam generator is provided with a tube group outer cylinder at a predetermined distance from the inner wall surface in a hollow hermetic body. A plurality of U-shaped heat transfer tubes are arranged in the tube group outer cylinder, and the end portions of the heat transfer tubes are supported on the tube plate. In addition to the heat transfer tube, the tube may be supported by a tube plate, a tube group outer tube, or a body for draining or inspection. To support the tube, a nozzle is used. The nozzle is supported by being welded to a tube plate or a trunk.
　管台は管板や胴部等に溶接される前に正確に位置決めをしておく必要がある。特許文献１及び２には、従来の管台接合方法が開示されている。従来の管台接合方法は、管板の貫通孔に管の端部を挿入し、その端部の貫通孔の内面との間に円周溶接継手を形成して接合している。 The nozzle must be accurately positioned before it is welded to the tube sheet or body. Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose conventional nozzle connection methods. In a conventional nozzle connection method, an end portion of a tube is inserted into a through hole of a tube sheet, and a circumferential weld joint is formed and joined to an inner surface of the through hole at the end portion.
特開昭５８－１０８３９５号公報JP 58-108395 A 特開２００８－２１４７４６号公報JP 2008-214746 A
　しかしながら、円周溶接継手は先ず管台用部材に予熱を加えた上で仮溶接し位置決めする必要がある。予熱は、蒸気発生器を構成する高強度部材である低合金鋼等の溶接においては、溶接欠陥の発生を防止するために必要である。仮溶接により、管台用部材が予熱の熱膨張による変形・傾きや位置ずれの影響を受けることがある。そこで、管台用部材の変形の状態又は管板の所定位置に管台用部材が位置決めされている状態を検査する工程が必要となる。変形や位置ずれが生じている場合には手直しの再仮溶接が必要となることがあった。あるいは位置ずれや傾きが生じたまま本溶接を行うと本溶接後に所定の寸法内に収まらないことがあり、管台の外周上を本溶接するには本溶接の熱歪の影響を考慮しながら溶接作業を行う必要があった。 However, the circumferential weld joint must first be pre-heated and positioned after preheating the nozzle member. Preheating is necessary in order to prevent the occurrence of welding defects in the welding of low alloy steel, which is a high-strength member constituting the steam generator. Temporary welding may cause the nozzle member to be affected by deformation / inclination and displacement due to preheating thermal expansion. Therefore, it is necessary to inspect the state of deformation of the nozzle member or the state where the nozzle member is positioned at a predetermined position of the tube plate. When deformation or misalignment has occurred, re-temporary welding may be necessary. Alternatively, if the main welding is performed with a positional deviation or tilt, it may not fit within the specified dimensions after the main welding. To perform main welding on the outer periphery of the nozzle, consider the influence of the thermal distortion of the main welding. It was necessary to perform welding work.
　本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、管台用部材が容易に基材に対して位置決め可能であって溶接後にあっても管台用部材と基材とを高精度に接合できる管台接合方法、蒸気発生器の製造方法、管台用部材及び蒸気発生器を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and the nozzle member can be easily positioned with respect to the base material, and the nozzle member and the base material can be joined with high accuracy even after welding. An object is to provide a nozzle connection method, a steam generator manufacturing method, a nozzle member, and a steam generator.
　上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明の管台接合方法は、基材と、管台とを接合する管台接合方法であって、前記管台となる管台用部材は前記基材に固定可能な固定部を有し、前記固定部により前記基材に前記管台用部材を仮固定する仮固定工程と、仮固定された前記管台用部材と前記基材との隙間の少なくとも一部を溶接させる接合工程と、溶接後の前記管台用部材から前記基材にかけて通路を開口する開口工程とを有することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the nozzle joining method of the present invention is a nozzle joining method for joining a base material and a nozzle, and is a nozzle member that becomes the nozzle Has a fixing part that can be fixed to the base material, and temporarily fixing the nozzle member to the base material by the fixing part, the temporarily fixed member for the nozzle base and the base material A joining step of welding at least a part of the gap between the two, and an opening step of opening a passage from the nozzle member after welding to the base material.
　この本発明の管台接合方法は、管台用部材に予熱を加えずに簡単に位置決めすることができる。また、予熱による変形がないので、接合工程で管台用部材と基材とを高精度に接合できる。 This nozzle nozzle joining method of the present invention can be easily positioned without preheating the nozzle nozzle member. Moreover, since there is no deformation | transformation by preheating, the member for nozzles and a base material can be joined with high precision at a joining process.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記開口工程において、前記固定部を除去することを特徴とする。 Further, the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the fixing portion is removed in the opening step.
　開口と共に固定部が除去されるため、不要な固定部の除去を別工程とすることなく製造時間を短縮することができる。また、固定部を除去することに伴い、開口される通路内側にあった溶接部の溶接止端を除去する。従って、溶接止端に伴う不具合を排除することができる。さらに、溶接止端の除去により、管台用部材と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。 Since the fixing part is removed together with the opening, the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part as a separate process. Further, along with the removal of the fixed portion, the weld toe of the welded portion inside the opened passage is removed. Accordingly, it is possible to eliminate a problem associated with the weld toe. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe, the joining between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted and the joining reliability is improved.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記固定部は前記基材からの前記管台用部材の抜けを規制する構造となっていることが好ましい。 Further, in the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the fixing portion has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member from the base material.
　接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材にかかり浮き上がりの力を受けることがあっても基材からの管台用部材の抜けが規制されているため接合精度を高くできる。 Even if a tensile force or other force is applied to the temporarily fixed nozzle member by the bonding process and the lifting force is received, the removal of the nozzle member from the base material is restricted, so the bonding accuracy is high. it can.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記固定部は前記基材に対して締結可能な締結構造となっていることが好ましい。前記固定部は雄螺子であって、基材には雌螺子が形成されていることが好ましい。雄螺子と雌螺子との噛み合わせにより、管台用部材が基材に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材の抜けが規制される。 Further, in the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the fixing portion has a fastening structure that can be fastened to the base material. Preferably, the fixing portion is a male screw, and a female screw is formed on the base material. The engagement of the male screw and the female screw restricts the removal of the nozzle member from the base material so that the nozzle member does not float with respect to the base material.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記固定部と前記基材とのいずれか一方に凸形状を形成し、他方に前記凸形状が嵌め合わされる凹形状を有していることが好ましい。凹凸の嵌め合わせにより、管台用部材が基材に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材の抜けが規制される。 In addition, the nozzle joining method according to the present invention preferably has a concave shape in which a convex shape is formed on one of the fixing portion and the base material, and the convex shape is fitted on the other. . By fitting the projections and depressions, the nozzle member is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member does not float with respect to the base material.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記管台用部材は前記固定部の周囲に前記基材表面に突き当て可能な突き当て面を有して基材表面と当接可能とする当接部を有していることが好ましい。 Further, in the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, the nozzle base member has an abutting surface that can abut against the surface of the base material around the fixed portion, and is capable of contacting the base material surface. It is preferable to have a contact portion.
　当接部により、基材に対する管台用部材の姿勢が安定する。また、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材にかかり管台用部材を傾斜させる力を受けることがあっても当接部で力を受けることができる。基材に対する管台用部材の姿勢を保ったまま溶接できるため、基材と管台用部材との接合精度を高くできる。 The posture of the nozzle member relative to the base material is stabilized by the contact portion. Further, even when a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the temporarily fixed nozzle member by the joining process and a force for inclining the nozzle member is received, the force can be received at the contact portion. Since welding can be performed while maintaining the orientation of the nozzle member with respect to the base material, the joining accuracy between the base material and the nozzle member can be increased.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記開口工程において、前記当接部を除去することが好ましい。 Moreover, in the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the contact portion is removed in the opening step.
　開口と共に固定部と当接部が除去されるため、不要な固定部及び当接部の除去を別工程とすることなく製造時間を短縮することができる。また、固定部及び当接部を除去することに伴い、開口される通路内側にあった溶接部の溶接止端を除去する。従って、溶接止端に伴う不具合が仮に存在しても排除することができる。さらに、溶接止端の除去により、管台用部材と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。 Since the fixing part and the abutting part are removed together with the opening, the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part and the abutting part as a separate process. Further, along with the removal of the fixed portion and the contact portion, the weld toe of the welded portion located inside the opened passage is removed. Therefore, even if a defect associated with the weld toe exists, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe, the joining between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted and the joining reliability is improved.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記管台用部材は、固定部に近づく程外径が小さくなるテーパー形状を有することが好ましい。テーパー形状により、作業者が管台用部材と基材との隙間へトーチ等の溶接工具を届かせ易くなる。また、テーパー形状により、作業者が管台用部材と基材との隙間の奥を認識し易くなる。 Further, in the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the nozzle member has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as the fixing member is approached. The tapered shape makes it easier for the operator to reach a gap between the nozzle member and the base material with a welding tool such as a torch. Moreover, it becomes easy for an operator to recognize the back of the clearance gap between the member for nozzles, and a base material by taper shape.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、前記管台用部材は、平面視において前記固定部の外径より大きい外径を有する開口用工具で加工されることを特徴とする。 Further, the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the nozzle member is processed with an opening tool having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion in a plan view.
　固定部の外径よりも開口用工具の外径が大きいと、開口工程を行うことにより固定部は開口用工具により除去される。管台用部材の加工穴の内径を固定部の外径より大きくしておくことが好ましい。開口用工具の外径が加工穴の内径に倣うように選ばれることで、加工穴が開口工程のガイドとなる。そうすると、開口工程を行うことにより、固定部は確実に開口用工具により除去されることになる。 When the outer diameter of the opening tool is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing portion, the fixing portion is removed by the opening tool by performing the opening process. It is preferable to make the inner diameter of the processing hole of the nozzle member larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion. By selecting the outer diameter of the tool for opening so as to follow the inner diameter of the processing hole, the processing hole serves as a guide for the opening process. If it does so, a fixed part will be reliably removed with the tool for opening by performing an opening process.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法は、平面視において前記開口用工具の加工中心と、前記固定部の外径中心とが重なりあうことを特徴とする。従って、固定部は確実に開口用工具により除去されることになる。 Further, the nozzle joining method according to the present invention is characterized in that the machining center of the opening tool and the outer diameter center of the fixed portion overlap in a plan view. Therefore, the fixing portion is surely removed by the opening tool.
　また、この発明に係る管台接合方法を用いて製造される蒸気発生器の製造方法は、前記基材は、蒸気発生器の胴又は管板であることが好ましい。本発明は、原子力プラントの設備において管台接合の完全溶け込みの状態が実現できるため信頼性が確保できる。 Further, in the method for manufacturing a steam generator manufactured using the nozzle joining method according to the present invention, it is preferable that the base material is a body of a steam generator or a tube plate. Since the present invention can realize a state of complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the facility of the nuclear power plant, reliability can be ensured.
　上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明の管台用部材は、基材に管台として接合するための管台用部材であって、前記管台用部材は前記基材に固定可能な固定部を有することを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the nozzle member according to the present invention is a nozzle member for joining to a base material as a nozzle, and the nozzle member is the base material. It has the fixing | fixed part which can be fixed to.
　本発明の管台用部材は、管台用部材に予熱を加えずに、簡単に基材に対する管台用部材の位置決めをすることができる。また、予熱による変形がないので、基材と管台用部材との接合精度を高くする利点がある。 The member for a nozzle according to the present invention can easily position the member for a nozzle with respect to the base material without preheating the member for the nozzle. Moreover, since there is no deformation | transformation by preheating, there exists an advantage which raises the joining precision of a base material and the member for nozzles.
　また、この発明に係る管台用部材は、開口用工具の挿入可能な加工穴を有し、平面視において前記加工穴の直径が前記固定部の外径より大きいことを特徴とする。 Further, the nozzle member according to the present invention has a processing hole into which an opening tool can be inserted, and the diameter of the processing hole is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion in plan view.
　固定部の外径よりも工具の外径が大きいと、開口工程を行うことにより固定部は開口用工具により除去される。管台用部材の加工穴の内径を固定部の外径より大きくしておくことが好ましい。工具の外径が加工穴の内径に倣うように選ばれることで、加工穴が開口工程のガイドとなる。そうすると、開口工程を行うことにより、固定部は確実に開口用工具により除去されることになる。 If the outer diameter of the tool is larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion, the fixed portion is removed by the opening tool by performing the opening process. It is preferable to make the inner diameter of the processing hole of the nozzle member larger than the outer diameter of the fixed portion. By selecting the outer diameter of the tool so as to follow the inner diameter of the processing hole, the processing hole serves as a guide for the opening process. If it does so, a fixed part will be reliably removed with the tool for opening by performing an opening process.
　また、この発明に係る管台用部材は、平面視において前記加工穴の内径中心と、前記固定部の外径中心とが重なりあうことを特徴とする。従って、固定部は確実に開口用工具により除去されることになる。 Further, the nozzle member according to the present invention is characterized in that the center of the inner diameter of the processing hole and the center of the outer diameter of the fixed portion overlap in a plan view. Therefore, the fixing portion is surely removed by the opening tool.
　上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明の蒸気発生器は、蒸気発生器の基材と、前記基材の表面上に溶接部を介して溶接接合された管台と、少なくとも前記溶接部を貫通する通路とを有し、前記溶接部が前記通路に露出すると共に前記溶接部の前記通路の中心軸方向の厚みは前記通路に近づく程小さくなることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the steam generator of the present invention includes a base material for the steam generator, a nozzle base welded to the surface of the base material via a weld, A passage that penetrates at least the welded portion, the welded portion is exposed to the passage, and the thickness of the welded portion in the direction of the central axis of the welded portion decreases as it approaches the passage.
　この発明に係る蒸気発生器は、溶接止端の除去により溶接部が通路に露出するので、管台用部材と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。 In the steam generator according to the present invention, since the welded portion is exposed to the passage by removing the weld toe, the joint between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted, and the joint reliability is improved.
　本発明に係る管台接合方法、蒸気発生器の製造方法、管台用部材及び蒸気発生器は、容易に位置決めが可能であって溶接後にあっても管台用部材と基材とを高精度に接合できるという効果を奏する。 The nozzle joining method, the steam generator manufacturing method, the nozzle nozzle member, and the steam generator according to the present invention can be easily positioned, and even after welding, the nozzle nozzle member and the base material are highly accurate. The effect that it can join to is produced.
図１は、原子力プラントの構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a nuclear power plant. 図２は、図１に記載した原子力プラントの蒸気発生器の構成を示す説明図である。FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the steam generator of the nuclear power plant described in FIG. 図３は、実施例１に係る管台を示す断面図である。FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle according to the first embodiment. 図４は、実施例１に係る管台用部材と基材を示す断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment. 図５は、実施例１に係る管台用部材と基材との仮固定を示す断面図である。FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating temporary fixing between the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment. 図６は、実施例１に係る管台用部材と基材との接合工程及び開口工程を説明する説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a joining process and an opening process of the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment. 図７は、実施例１に係る管台用部材と基材との開口工程を説明する説明図である。FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an opening process of the nozzle member and the base material according to the first embodiment. 図８は、実施例２に係る管を示す断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a tube according to the second embodiment. 図９は、実施例２に係る管台用部材と基材を説明する説明図である。FIG. 9 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the second embodiment. 図１０は、実施例３に係る管台用部材と基材を説明する説明図である。FIG. 10 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the third embodiment. 図１１は、実施例４に係る管台用部材と基材を説明する説明図である。FIG. 11 is an explanatory view illustrating the nozzle member and the base material according to the fourth embodiment. 図１２は、実施例４の変形例に係る管台用部材と基材を説明する説明図である。FIG. 12 is an explanatory view illustrating a nozzle member and a base material according to a modification of the fourth embodiment. 図１３は、実施例４の他の変形例に係る管台用部材と基材を説明する説明図である。FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a nozzle member and a base material according to another modification of the fourth embodiment. 図１４は、図１３の要部平面図である。FIG. 14 is a plan view of the main part of FIG. 図１５は、図１３の要部平面図である。FIG. 15 is a plan view of the main part of FIG.
　以下、この発明につき図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。また、この実施例の構成要素には、発明の同一性を維持しつつ置換可能かつ置換自明なものが含まれる。また、この実施例に記載された複数の変形例は、当業者自明の範囲内にて任意に組み合わせが可能である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. Further, the constituent elements of this embodiment include those that can be replaced while maintaining the identity of the invention and that are obvious for replacement. In addition, a plurality of modifications described in this embodiment can be arbitrarily combined within a range obvious to those skilled in the art.
　図１は、原子力プラントの構成を示す説明図である。図２は、図１に記載した原子力プラントの蒸気発生器の構成を示す説明図である。図３は、実施例１に係る管台を示す断面図である。図４～図７は、実施例１に係る管台用部材の接合方法を説明するための説明図である。 FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of a nuclear power plant. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the steam generator of the nuclear power plant described in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle according to the first embodiment. 4 to 7 are explanatory views for explaining the method for joining the nozzle member according to the first embodiment.
［原子力プラント］
　原子力プラント１００には、例えば、加圧水型軽水炉原子力発電設備がある（図１参照）。この原子力プラント１００は、原子炉格納容器１１０、原子炉１２０、加圧器１３０、蒸気発生器１４０及びポンプ１５０が一次冷却材管１６０により順次連結されて、一次冷却材の循環経路（一次系循環経路）が構成される。また、蒸気発生器１４０とタービン２１０との間に二次冷却材の循環経路（二次系循環経路）が構成される。 [Nuclear Power Plant]
The nuclear power plant 100 includes, for example, a pressurized water light reactor nuclear power generation facility (see FIG. 1). In this nuclear power plant 100, a reactor containment vessel 110, a reactor 120, a pressurizer 130, a steam generator 140, and a pump 150 are sequentially connected by a primary coolant pipe 160, and a primary coolant circulation path (primary system circulation path). ) Is configured. Further, a secondary coolant circulation path (secondary system circulation path) is formed between the steam generator 140 and the turbine 210.
　この原子力プラント１００は、先ず、一次冷却材が原子炉１２０にて加熱されて高温・高圧となり、加圧器１３０で加圧されて圧力を一定に維持されつつ蒸気発生器１４０に供給される。次に、蒸気発生器１４０にて一次冷却材と二次冷却材との熱交換が行われることにより、二次冷却材が蒸発して蒸気となる。そして、この蒸気となった二次冷却材がタービン２１０に供給されることにより、タービン２１０が駆動されて発電機２２０に動力が供給される。なお、蒸気発生器１４０を通過した一次冷却材は、一次冷却材管１６０を介して回収されて原子炉１２０側に供給される。また、タービン２１０を通過した二次冷却水は、復水器２３０で冷却された後に、二次冷却材管２４０を介して回収されて蒸気発生器１４０に供給される。原子力プラント１００は、高温・高圧の流体や放射性物質を含む可能性のある流体を扱っている。このために製作時において厳しい管理が求められている。これらの配管は溶接構造物で構成されるため、溶接の健全性は必須の条件である。 In this nuclear power plant 100, first, the primary coolant is heated in the nuclear reactor 120 to become high temperature and high pressure, and is pressurized by the pressurizer 130 and supplied to the steam generator 140 while maintaining the pressure constant. Next, when the steam generator 140 performs heat exchange between the primary coolant and the secondary coolant, the secondary coolant evaporates to become steam. Then, the secondary coolant that has become the steam is supplied to the turbine 210, whereby the turbine 210 is driven and power is supplied to the generator 220. The primary coolant that has passed through the steam generator 140 is recovered via the primary coolant pipe 160 and supplied to the reactor 120 side. Further, the secondary cooling water that has passed through the turbine 210 is cooled by the condenser 230, and then recovered through the secondary coolant pipe 240 and supplied to the steam generator 140. The nuclear power plant 100 handles high-temperature / high-pressure fluid and fluid that may contain radioactive substances. For this reason, strict management is required at the time of production. Since these pipes are composed of a welded structure, the soundness of welding is an essential condition.
［蒸気発生器］
　蒸気発生器１４０は、胴部１４１と、複数の伝熱管１４２と、気水分離器１４３と、湿分分離器１４４とを有する（図２参照）。胴部１４１は、略円筒形状かつ中空密閉構造を有し、長手方向を鉛直方向に向けて配置される。また、胴部１４１は、管板１４１１及び仕切板１４１２により区画されてなる一対の水室１４１３、１４１４を底部に有する。この水室１４１３（１４１４）は、入口側ノズル１４１５（出口側ノズル１４１６）を介して一次冷却材管１６０に接続される。伝熱管１４２は、略Ｕ字形状を有し、両端部を鉛直下方に向けて胴部１４１内に配置される。伝熱管１４２の両端部は管板１４１１に挿入されて支持される。また、伝熱管１４２の両端部は、入口側水室１４１３及び出口側水室１４１４に対してそれぞれ開口する。また、円筒形状を有する管群外筒１４５が胴部１４１内に配置され、この管群外筒１４５内に複数の伝熱管１４２が配置される。また、管群外筒１４５内には、複数の管支持板１４６が所定間隔を隔てて配列される。これらの管支持板１４６により各伝熱管１４２が支持される。また、管群外筒１４５は、胴部１４１の内壁に対して隙間を開けて配置される。気水分離器１４３は、給水を蒸気と熱水とに分離する装置である。湿分分離器１４４は、分離された蒸気の湿分を除去して乾き蒸気に近い状態とする装置である。 [Steam generator]
The steam generator 140 includes a body 141, a plurality of heat transfer tubes 142, a steam separator 143, and a moisture separator 144 (see FIG. 2). The body 141 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a hollow sealed structure, and is arranged with the longitudinal direction thereof directed in the vertical direction. Moreover, the trunk | drum 141 has a pair of water chamber 1413, 1414 divided by the tube plate 1411 and the partition plate 1412 in the bottom part. The water chamber 1413 (1414) is connected to the primary coolant pipe 160 via an inlet side nozzle 1415 (outlet side nozzle 1416). The heat transfer tube 142 has a substantially U shape, and is disposed in the body 141 with both ends directed vertically downward. Both ends of the heat transfer tube 142 are inserted into the tube plate 1411 and supported. Further, both end portions of the heat transfer tube 142 open to the inlet side water chamber 1413 and the outlet side water chamber 1414, respectively. Further, a tube group outer cylinder 145 having a cylindrical shape is disposed in the body portion 141, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 142 are disposed in the tube group outer cylinder 145. A plurality of tube support plates 146 are arranged in the tube group outer tube 145 at a predetermined interval. The heat transfer tubes 142 are supported by these tube support plates 146. Further, the tube group outer cylinder 145 is disposed with a gap with respect to the inner wall of the body portion 141. The steam separator 143 is a device that separates feed water into steam and hot water. The moisture separator 144 is a device that removes moisture from the separated steam and brings it into a state close to dry steam.
　この蒸気発生器１４０は、一次冷却材が入口側ノズル１４１５から入口側水室１４１３に流入し、伝熱管１４２を通って出口側水室１４１４に入り、出口側ノズル１４１６から外部に排出される。また、二次冷却材が給水管１４１７から胴部１４１内に導入されて管群外筒１４５内を通る。このとき、一次冷却材と二次冷却材との熱交換が行われて、二次冷却材が加熱される。そして、この二次冷却材が気水分離器１４３及び湿分分離器１４４を通過することにより、二次冷却水の蒸気成分が取り出されてタービン２１０側に供給される。 In the steam generator 140, the primary coolant flows into the inlet side water chamber 1413 from the inlet side nozzle 1415, enters the outlet side water chamber 1414 through the heat transfer pipe 142, and is discharged from the outlet side nozzle 1416 to the outside. Further, the secondary coolant is introduced from the water supply pipe 1417 into the body 141 and passes through the pipe group outer cylinder 145. At this time, heat exchange between the primary coolant and the secondary coolant is performed, and the secondary coolant is heated. Then, when the secondary coolant passes through the steam separator 143 and the moisture separator 144, the steam component of the secondary coolant is taken out and supplied to the turbine 210 side.
　また、蒸気発生器１４０は、伝熱管以外にも、ドレイン用や検査用等のため、管板、管群外筒や胴部に管を支持される。管を支持するためには、管台１０、２０が用いられる。管台は管板や胴部等に溶接されて支持される。蒸気発生器１４０は、溶接の健全性を保つため、完全溶け込みの状態で、管板、管群外筒や胴部に管台１０、２０を溶接する必要がある。ここで、完全溶け込みとは、二部材を接合する溶接継手において、少なくとも一方の継手の板厚全ての領域にわたって溶接されている溶け込みの状態をいう。蒸気発生器１４０等原子力プラント１００の設備においては、管台の溶接に完全溶け込みの状態が実現されていることが必須の要件となる。 In addition to the heat transfer tube, the steam generator 140 is supported by a tube plate, a tube group outer cylinder, and a body portion for draining and inspection. In order to support the tube, the nozzles 10 and 20 are used. The nozzle is supported by being welded to a tube plate or a trunk. In order to maintain the soundness of welding, the steam generator 140 needs to weld the nozzles 10 and 20 to the tube sheet, the tube group outer cylinder, and the body portion in a completely melted state. Here, complete penetration refers to a state of penetration in which a welded joint that joins two members is welded over the entire region of at least one joint thickness. In the facility of the nuclear power plant 100 such as the steam generator 140, it is an essential requirement that a state of complete penetration is realized in the welding of the nozzle.
［管台］
　実施例１に係る管台１０について、図面を参照して説明する。図３は、実施例１に係る管台の断面図である。 [Tube head]
A nozzle 10 according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle according to the first embodiment.
　先ず、図３に示すように、管台１０は、基材である蒸気発生器１４０の胴部１４１に管状の継ぎ手である管台部１１が溶接接合されている。管台部１１は、略円筒形の外径をしている。管台部１１は、例えば、低合金鋼あるいは炭素鋼で形成される。また、管台部１１の外径はφ５０ｍｍ～１５０ｍｍ程度で高さが１００ｍｍ～１５０ｍｍ程度である。内部には胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂと垂直な方向へ中心軸をもつ管台孔１１ｘが開口されており、管台孔壁２１を有している。管台孔１１ｘの内径は、例えば、φ１０ｍｍ～５０ｍｍ程度である。また、管台部１１は、基材である胴部１４１と溶接される溶接面となるテーパー部１７と、継管するための継手端部１２と、継手端部１２から管台孔壁２１へ径が順次小さくなるすり鉢状のすり鉢壁２２とを有している。 First, as shown in FIG. 3, in the nozzle 10, the nozzle 11 that is a tubular joint is welded to the body 141 of the steam generator 140 that is a base material. The nozzle part 11 has a substantially cylindrical outer diameter. The nozzle part 11 is formed of, for example, low alloy steel or carbon steel. Further, the outer diameter of the nozzle 11 is about 50 mm to 150 mm and the height is about 100 mm to 150 mm. Inside, a nozzle hole 11x having a central axis in a direction perpendicular to the outer surface 141b of the body 141 is opened, and a nozzle hole wall 21 is provided. The inner diameter of the nozzle hole 11x is, for example, about φ10 mm to 50 mm. Moreover, the nozzle part 11 has the taper part 17 used as the welding surface welded with the trunk | drum 141 which is a base material, the joint end part 12 for connecting, and the joint end part 12 to the nozzle hole wall 21 It has a mortar-shaped mortar wall 22 whose diameter is gradually reduced.
　また、胴部１４１には、外表面１４１ｂと内表面１４１ｃとを貫通する基材孔１４１ｘが開口されており、基材孔壁１４１ａを有している。基材孔１４１ｘの中心軸Ｏに対して、管台部１１の管台孔１１ｘの中心軸があうように、胴部１４１に管台部１１が溶接部１４を介して溶接接合されている。そして、管台孔１１ｘから基材孔１４１ｘにかけて開口され溶接部孔１４ｘが貫通している。そして、管台孔１１ｘと溶接部孔１４ｘと基材孔１４１ｘにより、通路が形成されている。通路には溶接部が溶接部孔内壁１４ａに露出する。通路は同内径となっており、管台孔壁２１と、溶接部孔内壁１４ａと基材孔壁１４１ａとは連接して表面がなめらかに繋がっている。管台部１１のテーパー部１７は、胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂに対して溶接部を介して対向している。管台部１１のテーパー部１７により、管台部１１と胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂの距離は徐々に広がることとなる。従って、管台部１１のテーパー部１７と胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂの隙間に少なくとも形成される中心軸Ｏ方向の溶接部の厚みは溶接部孔内壁１４ａに近づく程小さくなる。また、実施例１の管台１０は、管台部１１のテーパー部１７の全ての領域にわたって溶接部と溶接されている溶け込みであるから、完全溶け込みの状態となっている。管台部１１と溶接部１４との境界はボンド部１４ｂとなる。また、胴部１４１と溶接部１４との境界はボンド部１４ｃとなる。また、管台部１１の外周面１１ｂと、溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄとは表面仕上げされている。溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄは、所定の曲率をもつように削られている。 Also, the body 141 has a base material hole 141x that penetrates the outer surface 141b and the inner surface 141c, and has a base material hole wall 141a. The nozzle part 11 is welded and joined to the body part 141 via the welding part 14 so that the central axis of the nozzle hole 11x of the nozzle part 11 is aligned with the central axis O of the base material hole 141x. And it opens from the nozzle hole 11x to the base material hole 141x, and the welding part hole 14x has penetrated. A passage is formed by the nozzle hole 11x, the weld hole 14x, and the base material hole 141x. In the passage, the welded portion is exposed to the welded portion hole inner wall 14a. The passage has the same inner diameter, and the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 141a are connected to each other so that the surface is smoothly connected. The tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal portion 11 is opposed to the outer surface 141b of the body portion 141 via a welded portion. Due to the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal 11, the distance between the nozzle pedestal 11 and the outer surface 141b of the trunk 141 is gradually increased. Accordingly, the thickness of the welded portion in the direction of the central axis O formed at least in the gap between the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle pedestal 11 and the outer surface 141b of the trunk portion 141 becomes smaller as it approaches the inner wall 14a of the welded portion hole. Moreover, since the nozzle 10 of Example 1 is the penetration welded with the welding part over the whole area | region of the taper part 17 of the nozzle part 11, it is in the state of complete penetration. The boundary between the nozzle 11 and the welded portion 14 is a bond portion 14b. Further, the boundary between the body portion 141 and the welded portion 14 becomes a bond portion 14c. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface 11b of the nozzle part 11 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 are surface-finished. The outer peripheral surface 14d of the welded portion 14 is cut so as to have a predetermined curvature.
　管台１０は、管台孔１１ｘと溶接部孔１４ｘと基材孔１４１ｘとを有する通路を有している。少なくとも溶接部を貫通する通路を有しているので、溶接部１４が通路に露出している。管台１０は、完全溶け込みの状態で胴部１４１に溶接接合された管台部１１を介して外部へ継管することができる。また、管台１０は、正確な位置に接合されており、継手として高温・高圧でも信頼性を高くすることができる。 The nozzle 10 has a passage having a nozzle hole 11x, a weld hole 14x, and a base material hole 141x. Since it has the channel | path which penetrates a welding part at least, the welding part 14 is exposed to the channel | path. The nozzle 10 can be connected to the outside through the nozzle 11 that is welded to the barrel 141 in a completely melted state. Moreover, the nozzle 10 is joined at an accurate position, and can be highly reliable as a joint even at high temperature and high pressure.
［管台の製造方法］
　実施例１に係る管台接合法について、図３から図７を参照して説明する。図５に示すように、図３における管台部１１となる管台用部材１１１を用意する。管台用部材１１１は略円筒形の外径をしている。そして、テーパー部１７は、管台用部材１１１の円筒中心軸Ｏに近づく程外径が小さくなるテーパー形状となっている。管台用部材１１１の円筒中心軸Ｏと同一の中心軸をもつ固定部１３が管台用部材１１１のテーパー部１７側である底部に形成されている。実施例１においては、テーパー部１７と固定部１３とは、底上げ部１６を介して接続されている。底上げ部１６は、本発明の必須の構成要素ではないが底上げをすることにより溶接後の溶接部の中心軸Ｏ方向の厚みを規定できる。実施例１に係る底上げ部１６の外形は、固定部１３と略同一形状である。また、管台用部材１１１は、基材である胴部１４１と溶接する溶接面となるテーパー部１７と、継管するための継手端部１２と、継手端部１２から内径方向へ径が順次小さくなるすり鉢状のすり鉢壁２２とを有している。すり鉢壁２２は、加工穴２３と接続する。加工穴２３の中心には、開口用工具４１をガイドするセンタガイド２４を有する。固定部１３の外周には、雄螺子１５がねじ山加工されている。 [Method of manufacturing nozzle]
The nozzle joining method according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 5, a nozzle member 111 that becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared. The nozzle member 111 has a substantially cylindrical outer diameter. And the taper part 17 becomes a taper shape in which an outer diameter becomes small, so that the cylindrical center axis | shaft O of the nozzle member 111 is approached. A fixing portion 13 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 111 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 111 on the tapered portion 17 side. In the first embodiment, the tapered portion 17 and the fixed portion 13 are connected via the bottom raising portion 16. The bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined. The outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the first embodiment is substantially the same shape as the fixed portion 13. In addition, the nozzle member 111 has a taper portion 17 serving as a welding surface to be welded to the body portion 141 which is a base material, a joint end portion 12 for connecting, and a diameter from the joint end portion 12 in the inner diameter direction sequentially. It has a mortar-shaped mortar wall 22 that becomes smaller. The mortar wall 22 is connected to the processing hole 23. A center guide 24 for guiding the opening tool 41 is provided at the center of the processing hole 23. A male screw 15 is threaded on the outer periphery of the fixed portion 13.
　図４に示すように、基材である胴部１４１には、下穴３２を加工した上でガイド穴３１が形成されている。ガイド穴３１は、管台用部材１１１の固定部１３の雄螺子を受け入れ可能な雌螺子を形成するタップ加工が施されている。固定部１３は雄螺子１５であって、基材には雌螺子が形成されているので締結強度を大きくすることができる。ガイド穴３１の加工は、胴部１４１に雌螺子加工を行う際に予め形成しておくと胴部１４１に加工する他の雌螺子加工と続けて加工することが可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 4, a guide hole 31 is formed in the body portion 141 which is a base material after processing the pilot hole 32. The guide hole 31 is tapped to form a female screw that can receive the male screw of the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle member 111. The fixing portion 13 is a male screw 15, and since the female screw is formed on the base material, the fastening strength can be increased. If the guide hole 31 is formed in advance when the internal thread processing is performed on the body portion 141, the guide hole 31 can be processed continuously with other internal thread processing that is processed on the body portion 141.
　次に、図４及び図５を用いて仮固定工程について説明する。図４に示すガイド穴３１に図４に示す管台用部材１１１の固定部１３が締結されて図５に示すように仮固定される。雄螺子１５をガイド穴３１の雌螺子へねじ込むだけで予熱を加えずに簡単に、胴部１４１に対する管台用部材１１１の位置決めをすることができる。また、仮固定における検査を省くことも可能となる。 Next, the temporary fixing process will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 is fastened and temporarily fixed to the guide hole 31 shown in FIG. 4 as shown in FIG. By simply screwing the male screw 15 into the female screw of the guide hole 31, it is possible to easily position the nozzle member 111 with respect to the body 141 without applying preheating. In addition, it is possible to omit the inspection in temporary fixing.
　次に図６を用いて接合工程について説明する。図６に示すように、管台用部材１１１と基材である胴部１４１との隙間の少なくとも一部を溶接により接合させる。具体的には、底上げ部１６により、胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂとテーパー部１７との中心軸Ｏ方向の隙間の距離が規定されている。トーチ等の溶接工具が管台用部材１１１のテーパー部１７と外表面１４１ｂとの間の隙間に差し込まれ肉盛溶接される。管台用部材１１１のテーパー部１７があることで、胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂの基準面と管台用部材１１１のテーパー部１７との間に外周に向かって広がる空間が確保される。また、管台用部材１１１のテーパー部１７があることで、作業者は管台用部材１１１と基材との隙間へ溶接工具を届きやすくなる。また、作業者は管台用部材１１１と基材との隙間の奥を認識し易くなる。従って、作業者は溶接止端Ｌの溶接品質を向上させることができる。肉盛溶接は、テーパー部１７のテーパー外周端１７ａを超えて溶接止端Ｍをつくるように、溶接することが好ましい。後工程で、溶接止端Ｍを表面仕上げ加工することが容易となるからである。 Next, the joining process will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, at least a part of the gap between the nozzle member 111 and the body 141 that is the base material is joined by welding. Specifically, the bottom raised portion 16 defines the distance between the outer surface 141 b of the body portion 141 and the taper portion 17 in the direction of the central axis O. A welding tool such as a torch is inserted into the gap between the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 and the outer surface 141b, and overlay welding is performed. The presence of the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 ensures a space extending toward the outer periphery between the reference surface of the outer surface 141 b of the trunk portion 141 and the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111. Further, since the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle member 111 is provided, the operator can easily reach the gap between the nozzle member 111 and the base material. In addition, the operator can easily recognize the depth of the gap between the nozzle member 111 and the base material. Therefore, the operator can improve the welding quality of the weld toe L. It is preferable that the overlay welding is performed so that the weld toe M is formed beyond the tapered outer peripheral end 17a of the tapered portion 17. This is because it becomes easy to finish the weld toe M in a subsequent process.
　ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１１１にかかり、管台用部材１１１に浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。雄螺子と雌螺子との噛み合わせにより、管台用部材１１１が基材に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材１１１の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において締結された締結構造（螺子構造）により、管台用部材１１１が胴部１４１から浮きあがり難いので、管台用部材１１１と胴部１４１とを高精度で接合できる。胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１１の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂ上の溶接止端は溶接止端Ｎとなる。 By the way, in the joining process, a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 111 temporarily fixed, and the nozzle member 111 may receive a lifting force. The engagement between the male screw and the female screw restricts the nozzle member 111 from coming off the base so that the nozzle member 111 does not float with respect to the base. Due to the fastening structure (screw structure) fastened in the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 111 is unlikely to be lifted from the trunk part 141, so that the nozzle member 111 and the trunk part 141 can be joined with high accuracy. Since it has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member 111 from the body portion 141, an error in accuracy in the joining process (differences in the reference surfaces, misunderstandings) is minimized. The weld toe on the outer surface 141 b of the body 141 is a weld toe N.
　次に、図６及び図７を用いて開口工程について説明する。ここで、図７は、図６の管台用部材１１１の平面視における重なり合いを説明するための説明図である。図６に示すように、接合工程を経て、胴部１４１に接合された管台用部材１１１を例えばドリルのような開口用工具４１で管台用部材１１１から胴部１４１へ開口する。ここで、管台用部材１１１の加工穴２３は、開口用工具４１の加工ガイドとなる。管台用部材１１１の円筒中心軸Ｏと一致するセンタガイド２４から加工が開始される。開口工程は、開口用工具４１が少なくとも胴部１４１に到達するまで継続される。開口工程は、少なくとも溶接部１４を貫通する通路とすればよい。開口工程は、胴部１４１を全て貫通させる開口だけでなく、途中で開口用工具４１による加工を止めてもよい。この場合図３の基材孔１４１ｘは、貫通孔でなく凹穴形状となる。凹穴形状となった基材孔１４１ｘであっても、例えば胴部１４１に他の横穴を開けて、凹穴形状となった基材孔１４１ｘへ他の横穴を接続することで通路とすることができる。ここで、図７に示すように、センタガイド２４は、円筒中心軸Ｏと一致しており、円筒中心軸Ｏに沿って加工が行われる。開口用工具４１が円筒中心軸Ｏ方向に加工するので、開口用工具４１の加工中心と固定部１３の外径中心が円筒中心軸Ｏの延長線上で一致する。図７において破線で示される固定部１３の外径Ｐよりも開口用工具４１をガイドする加工穴の直径Ｑを大きくしておくと、一般に開口用工具４１の外径Ｒはガイドに倣うように選ばれるので、開口用工具４１の外径Ｒが固定部１３の外径Ｐよりも大きくなる。そうすると、開口工程を行うことにより、固定部１３は開口用工具４１により除去されることになる。開口工程と共に固定部１３が除去されるため、不要な固定部１３の除去を別工程とすることなく製造時間を短縮することができる。また、固定部１３を除去することに伴い、管台用部材１１１と基材との溶接止端Ｌを除去する。従って、溶接止端Ｌに伴う不具合が仮に存在しても排除することができる。さらに、溶接止端Ｌの除去により、管台用部材１１１と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。開口用工具４１の外径Ｒが固定部１３の外径Ｐよりも大きくなっていれば、固定部１３の中心軸と加工の軸は必ずしも一致しなくてもよい。図７に示すように、固定部の中心軸（外径中心）と、加工軸である円筒中心軸Ｏとが一致するように、平面視において加工穴２３の内径中心と、固定部１３の外径中心とが重なりあう方が、固定部１３は開口用工具４１により確実に除去されることになる。 Next, the opening process will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram for explaining overlapping in a plan view of the nozzle member 111 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, after the joining process, the nozzle member 111 joined to the barrel 141 is opened from the nozzle member 111 to the barrel 141 with an opening tool 41 such as a drill. Here, the processing hole 23 of the nozzle member 111 serves as a processing guide for the opening tool 41. Processing is started from the center guide 24 that coincides with the cylindrical center axis O of the nozzle member 111. The opening process is continued until the opening tool 41 reaches at least the body 141. The opening process may be a passage that penetrates at least the welded portion 14. In the opening step, the machining by the opening tool 41 may be stopped not only in the opening through which the entire body portion 141 is penetrated. In this case, the base material hole 141x in FIG. 3 is not a through hole but a concave shape. Even in the case of the base hole 141x having a concave hole shape, for example, another side hole is formed in the body portion 141, and the other side hole is connected to the base hole 141x having a concave hole shape to form a passage. Can do. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the center guide 24 coincides with the cylindrical central axis O, and the machining is performed along the cylindrical central axis O. Since the opening tool 41 is processed in the direction of the cylindrical center axis O, the processing center of the opening tool 41 and the center of the outer diameter of the fixed portion 13 coincide on the extension line of the cylindrical center axis O. When the diameter Q of the machining hole for guiding the opening tool 41 is made larger than the outer diameter P of the fixed portion 13 indicated by a broken line in FIG. 7, the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 generally follows the guide. Therefore, the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixed portion 13. If it does so, the fixing | fixed part 13 will be removed with the tool 41 for opening by performing an opening process. Since the fixing part 13 is removed together with the opening process, the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part 13 as a separate process. In addition, along with the removal of the fixing portion 13, the weld toe L between the nozzle member 111 and the base material is removed. Therefore, even if a defect associated with the weld toe L exists, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe L, the joining between the nozzle member 111 and the base material is completely melted, and the joining reliability is improved. If the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixing portion 13, the central axis of the fixing portion 13 and the machining axis do not necessarily have to coincide with each other. As shown in FIG. 7, the center of the inner diameter of the processing hole 23 and the outer side of the fixing portion 13 so that the center axis (outer diameter center) of the fixing portion and the cylindrical center axis O that is the processing axis coincide with each other. The fixing portion 13 is surely removed by the opening tool 41 when the center of the diameter overlaps.
　実施例１においては、図３に示すように、図６の開口用工具４１が胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂから内表面１４１ｃに到達するまで開口加工を行っている。開口加工は、開口用工具４１が胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂから内表面１４１ｃに到達するまで行わなくても、途中で止めてもよい。開口用工具４１が胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂを超えると、図６に示す溶接止端Ｌが除去されるため、完全溶け込みの状態で溶接接合された管台部１１を介して外部へ継管することができる。 In Example 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the opening process is performed until the opening tool 41 in FIG. 6 reaches the inner surface 141c from the outer surface 141b of the body 141. The opening process may not be performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 141c from the outer surface 141b of the body 141, or may be stopped halfway. When the opening tool 41 exceeds the outer surface 141b of the body part 141, the weld toe L shown in FIG. 6 is removed, so that the pipe is connected to the outside through the nozzle part 11 welded and joined in a completely melted state. can do.
　次に、図３及び図６を用いて仕上げ工程について説明する。仕上げ工程では、図６に示す溶接止端Ｍ、Ｎをグラインダー等でなだらかにする。管台１０の長期的な疲労強度を向上させるためである。仕上げ工程に伴い、図３に示すように、管台部１１の外周面１１ｂと、溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄとは表面仕上げされる。管台部１１の外周面１１ｂが例えば外径１ｍｍ～６ｍｍ程度研削され細くなる。また、溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄは、所定の曲率を有するように加工される。また、通路内壁をなだらかにするため、管台孔壁２１、溶接部孔内壁１４ａ、基材孔壁１４１ａも研削する等なだらかにすることが好ましい。その後、溶接後一般的な焼鈍工程等を施すことが好ましい。 Next, the finishing process will be described with reference to FIGS. In the finishing process, the weld toes M and N shown in FIG. 6 are gently smoothed by a grinder or the like. This is to improve the long-term fatigue strength of the nozzle 10. With the finishing process, as shown in FIG. 3, the outer peripheral surface 11 b of the nozzle base 11 and the outer peripheral surface 14 d of the welded portion 14 are surface-finished. The outer peripheral surface 11b of the nozzle base part 11 is ground and thinned, for example, by an outer diameter of 1 mm to 6 mm. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 is processed so as to have a predetermined curvature. In order to smooth the inner wall of the passage, it is preferable that the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the substrate hole wall 141a are also ground. Then, it is preferable to perform a general annealing process etc. after welding.
　本発明は、管台用部材と基材とを高精度に接合できる。また、溶接止端の除去により溶接部が通路に露出するので、管台用部材と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。原子力プラントの設備において管台接合の完全溶け込みの状態が実現できるため信頼性が確保できる。実施例１の管台１０は、基材が蒸気発生器１４０の胴部１４１として説明したが、基材を制限するものではなく、例えば基材は管板１４１１でもよい。 The present invention can join the nozzle member and the base material with high accuracy. Further, since the welded portion is exposed to the passage by removing the weld toe, the joint between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted, and the joint reliability is improved. Reliability can be ensured because it is possible to realize the complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the nuclear plant equipment. In the nozzle 10 of the first embodiment, the base material has been described as the body 141 of the steam generator 140, but the base material is not limited. For example, the base material may be the tube plate 1411.
［管台］
　図８は、実施例２に係る管台を示す断面図である。図９は、実施例２に係る管台接合方法を説明するための断面図である。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。実施例２の管台２０において、図８に示すように、管台２０は、基材である蒸気発生器１４０の管板１４１１に管状の継ぎ手である管台部１９が溶接接合されている。管台部１９は、略円筒形の外形をしており、内部には管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂと垂直な方向へ中心軸をもつ管台孔１９ｘが開口されており、管台孔壁２１を有している。 [Tube head]
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the nozzle according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the second embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. In the nozzle 20 of the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the nozzle 20 is joined by welding to a tube plate 1411 of a steam generator 140 that is a base material, and a nozzle 19 that is a tubular joint. The nozzle part 19 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape, and a nozzle hole 19x having a central axis in the direction perpendicular to the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411 is opened inside. have.
　また、管板１４１１には、外表面１４１１ｂと内表面１４１１ｃとを貫通する基材孔１４１１ｘが開口されており、基材孔壁１４１１ａを有している。基材孔１４１１ｘの中心軸に対して、管台部１９の管台孔１９ｘの中心軸があうように、管板１４１１に管台部１９が溶接部１４を介して溶接接合されている。そして、管台孔１９ｘから基材孔１４１１ｘにかけて開口され溶接部孔１４ｘが貫通している。管台孔１９ｘと溶接部孔１４ｘと基材孔１４１ｘとにより通路が形成されている。通路には溶接部１４が溶接部孔内壁１４ａに露出する。通路は同径となっており、管台孔壁２１と、溶接部孔内壁１４ａと基材孔壁１４１１ａとは連接して表面がなめらかに繋がっている。また、実施例１の管台１０と同様に、実施例２の管台２０は、管台部１９のテーパー部１７の全ての領域にわたって溶接材料と溶接されている溶け込みであるから、完全溶け込みの状態となっている。管台部１９と溶接部１４との境界はボンド部１４ｂとなる。また、管板１４１１と溶接部１４との境界はボンド部１４ｃとなる。管台部１９の外周面１９ｂと、溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄとは表面仕上げされている。実施例２の管台２０は、管台部１９の外周面１９ｂと溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄを所定の曲率をもつように削っている。管台２０は、管台孔１９ｘと溶接部孔１４ｘと基材孔１４１１ｘとを有する通路を有している。少なくとも溶接部１４を貫通する通路を有しているので、溶接部１４が通路に露出している。管台２０は、完全溶け込みの状態で管板１４１１に溶接接合された管台部１９を介して外部へ継管することができる。また、管台２０は、正確な位置に接合されており、継手として高温・高圧でも信頼性を高くすることができる。 Further, the tube plate 1411 has a base material hole 1411x that passes through the outer surface 1411b and the inner surface 1411c, and has a base material hole wall 1411a. The pedestal portion 19 is welded to the tube plate 1411 via the welded portion 14 so that the central axis of the pedestal hole 19x of the pedestal portion 19 is aligned with the central axis of the base material hole 1411x. And it opens from the nozzle hole 19x to the base material hole 1411x, and the welding part hole 14x has penetrated. A passage is formed by the nozzle hole 19x, the weld hole 14x, and the base material hole 141x. In the passage, the welded portion 14 is exposed to the welded portion hole inner wall 14a. The passage has the same diameter, and the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 1411a are connected to each other so that the surface is smoothly connected. Similarly to the nozzle 10 of the first embodiment, the nozzle 20 of the second embodiment is a weld that is welded to the welding material over the entire region of the tapered portion 17 of the nozzle 19, so that the complete penetration is achieved. It is in a state. The boundary between the nozzle 19 and the welded portion 14 is a bond portion 14b. Further, the boundary between the tube sheet 1411 and the welded portion 14 becomes a bond portion 14c. The outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle base part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the weld part 14 are surface-finished. In the nozzle 20 of the second embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle base 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welded portion 14 are cut so as to have a predetermined curvature. The nozzle 20 has a passage having a nozzle hole 19x, a weld hole 14x, and a base material hole 1411x. Since it has the channel | path which penetrates the welding part 14 at least, the welding part 14 is exposed to the channel | path. The nozzle 20 can be connected to the outside through a nozzle 19 that is welded to the tube sheet 1411 in a completely melted state. Moreover, the nozzle 20 is joined at an accurate position, and can be highly reliable as a joint even at high temperature and high pressure.
［管台の製造方法］
　実施例２に係る管台接合方法について、図９を参照して説明する。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。図９に示すように、図８における管台部１９となる管台用部材１９１を用意する。管台用部材１９１は略円筒形の外形をしている。管台用部材１９１は、基材である管板１４１１と溶接する溶接面となるテーパー部１７を有している。テーパー部１７は、管台用部材１９１の円筒中心軸Ｏに近づく程外径が小さくなるテーパー形状となっている。また、管台用部材１９１の円筒中心軸Ｏと同一の中心軸をもつ固定部１３が管台用部材１９１のテーパー部１７側である底部に形成されている。実施例２においては、管台用部材１９１の底部と固定部１３とは、底上げ部１６を介して形成されている。底上げ部１６は、本発明の必須の構成要素ではないが底上げをすることにより溶接後の溶接部１４の中心軸Ｏ方向の厚みを規定できる。実施例２に係る底上げ部１６の外径Ｓは、固定部１３の外径Ｐより大きく、固定部１３と略相似形状である。底上げ部１６の底面は、固定部１３の周囲に位置し基材表面である管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂに突き当て可能な突き当て面を形成している当接部１８である。当接部１８の突き当て面は、中心軸Ｏに直交する面を含んでいる。 [Method of manufacturing nozzle]
The nozzle joining method according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. As illustrated in FIG. 9, a nozzle member 191 that becomes the nozzle portion 19 in FIG. 8 is prepared. The nozzle member 191 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape. The nozzle base member 191 has a tapered portion 17 serving as a welding surface to be welded to the tube plate 1411 as a base material. The tapered portion 17 has a tapered shape in which the outer diameter decreases as it approaches the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191. A fixing portion 13 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 191 on the tapered portion 17 side. In the second embodiment, the bottom portion of the nozzle member 191 and the fixing portion 13 are formed via the bottom raising portion 16. The bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion 14 after welding can be defined. The outer diameter S of the raised bottom portion 16 according to the second embodiment is larger than the outer diameter P of the fixed portion 13 and is substantially similar to the fixed portion 13. The bottom surface of the raised bottom portion 16 is an abutting portion 18 that forms an abutting surface that can be abutted against the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411 that is located around the fixed portion 13 and is the base material surface. The abutting surface of the contact portion 18 includes a surface orthogonal to the central axis O.
　また、管台用部材１９１は、継管するための継手端部１２と、継手端部１２から内径方向へ径が順次小さくなるすり鉢状のすり鉢壁２２とを有している。 Moreover, the member 191 for pipes has the joint end part 12 for connecting, and the mortar-shaped mortar wall 22 in which a diameter becomes small sequentially from the joint end part 12 to an internal diameter direction.
　次に、図９を用いて仮固定工程について説明する。図９に示すように、ガイド穴３１に管台用部材１９１の固定部１３が締結されて仮固定される。雄螺子１５をガイド穴３１の雌螺子へねじ込むだけで予熱を加えずに簡単に、管板１４１１に対する管台用部材１９１の位置決めをすることができる。また、仮固定における検査を省くことも可能となる。実施例２の管台用部材１９１においては、ガイド穴３１に管台用部材１９１の固定部１３が締結されると共に、当接部１８が基材表面である管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂと当接される。 Next, the temporary fixing process will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle base member 191 is fastened and temporarily fixed to the guide hole 31. By simply screwing the male screw 15 into the female screw of the guide hole 31, the nozzle member 191 can be easily positioned with respect to the tube plate 1411 without preheating. In addition, it is possible to omit the inspection in temporary fixing. In the nozzle member 191 of the second embodiment, the fixing portion 13 of the nozzle member 191 is fastened to the guide hole 31, and the abutting portion 18 is in contact with the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411 which is the base material surface. Touched.
　次に図９を用いて接合工程について説明する。図９に示すように、管台用部材１９１と基材である管板１４１１との隙間の少なくとも一部を溶接により接合させる。 Next, the joining process will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, at least a part of the gap between the nozzle member 191 and the tube sheet 1411 as the base material is joined by welding.
　ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１９１にかかり、管台用部材１９１に浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。雄螺子と雌螺子の噛み合わせにより、管台用部材１９１が管板１４１１に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材１９１の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において締結された締結構造（螺子構造）により、管台用部材１９１が管板１４１１から浮きあがり難いので、管台用部材１９１と管板１４１１とを高精度で接合できる。管板１４１１からの管台用部材１９１の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。 By the way, in the joining process, a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 191 temporarily fixed, and the nozzle member 191 may receive a lifting force. By the engagement of the male screw and the female screw, the nozzle member 191 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 191 does not float with respect to the tube plate 1411. Due to the fastening structure (screw structure) fastened in the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 191 does not easily float from the tube plate 1411, so that the nozzle member 191 and the tube plate 1411 can be joined with high accuracy. Since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 191 from the tube plate 1411, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized.
　そして、実施例２の管台接合方法においては、さらに、当接部１８が基材表面である管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂと当接される。当接部１８により、基材である管板１４１１に対する管台用部材１９１の姿勢が安定する。また、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１９１にかかり、管台用部材１９１が管板１４１１に対して傾斜させる力を受けることがあっても当接部１８で力を受けとめることができる。基材に対する管台用部材１９１の姿勢を保ったまま溶接できるため、管台用部材１９１と管板１４１１とを高精度で接合できる。 And in the nozzle joining method of Example 2, the contact part 18 is further contact | abutted with the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411 which is a base-material surface. The contact portion 18 stabilizes the posture of the nozzle base member 191 with respect to the tube plate 1411 which is a base material. Further, even if a force such as a tensile stress is applied to the tube member 191 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the tube member 191 receives a force for inclining with respect to the tube plate 1411, the contact portion 18. Can accept the power. Since welding can be performed while maintaining the posture of the nozzle 191 with respect to the base material, the nozzle 191 and the tube plate 1411 can be joined with high accuracy.
　次に、図９を用いて開口工程について説明する。図９に示すように、接合工程を経て、管板１４１１に接合された管台用部材１９１を例えばドリルのような開口用工具である開口用工具４１で管台用部材１９１から管板１４１１へ開口する。ここで、管台用部材１９１の加工穴２３は、開口用工具４１の加工ガイドとなる。管台用部材１９１の円筒中心軸Ｏと一致するセンタガイド２４から加工が開始される。開口工程は、開口用工具４１が少なくとも管板１４１１に到達するまで継続される。開口工程は、少なくとも溶接部１４を貫通する通路とすればよい。開口工程は、管板１４１１を全て貫通させる開口だけでなく、途中で開口用工具４１による加工を止めてもよい。この場合図８の基材孔１４１１ｘは、貫通孔でなく凹穴形状となる。凹穴形状となった基材孔１４１１ｘであっても、例えば管板１４１１に他の横穴を開けて、凹穴形状となった基材孔１４１１ｘへ他の横穴を接続することで通路とすることができる。ここで、図９に示すように、センタガイド２４は、円筒中心軸Ｏと一致しており、円筒中心軸Ｏに沿って加工が行われる。図９において、当接部１８（底上げ部１６）の外径Ｓよりも開口用工具４１をガイドする加工穴２３の直径Ｑを大きくしておくと開口用工具４１の外径Ｒはガイドに倣うように選ばれるので、開口用工具４１の外径Ｒが当接部１８（底上げ部１６）の外径Ｓよりも大きくなる。そうすると、開口工程を行うことにより、当接部１８（底上げ部１６）と固定部１３は開口用工具４１により除去されることになる。開口工程と共に固定部１３及び当接部１８が除去されるため、不要な固定部１３及び当接部１８の除去を別工程とすることなく製造時間を短縮することができる。また、固定部１３及び当接部１８を除去することに伴い、管台用部材１９１と基材との溶接止端Ｌを除去する。従って、溶接止端Ｌに伴う不具合が仮に存在しても排除することができる。さらに、溶接止端Ｌの除去により、管台用部材１９１と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。 Next, the opening process will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, after the joining process, the nozzle member 191 joined to the tube sheet 1411 is transferred from the nozzle member 191 to the tube sheet 1411 with an opening tool 41 that is an opening tool such as a drill. Open. Here, the processing hole 23 of the nozzle member 191 serves as a processing guide for the opening tool 41. Processing is started from the center guide 24 that coincides with the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 191. The opening process is continued until the opening tool 41 reaches at least the tube sheet 1411. The opening process may be a passage that penetrates at least the welded portion 14. In the opening process, not only the opening through which the tube sheet 1411 is completely penetrated, but the processing by the opening tool 41 may be stopped halfway. In this case, the base material hole 1411x in FIG. 8 is not a through hole but a concave shape. Even if the base hole 1411x has a concave hole shape, for example, another side hole is formed in the tube plate 1411, and the other side hole is connected to the base hole 1411x having the concave hole shape to form a passage. Can do. Here, as shown in FIG. 9, the center guide 24 coincides with the cylindrical central axis O, and the machining is performed along the cylindrical central axis O. In FIG. 9, when the diameter Q of the machining hole 23 for guiding the opening tool 41 is made larger than the outer diameter S of the contact portion 18 (bottom raising portion 16), the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 follows the guide. Thus, the outer diameter R of the opening tool 41 is larger than the outer diameter S of the contact portion 18 (bottom raising portion 16). If it does so, the contact part 18 (bottom raising part 16) and the fixing | fixed part 13 will be removed with the tool 41 for opening by performing an opening process. Since the fixing part 13 and the contact part 18 are removed together with the opening process, the manufacturing time can be shortened without removing the unnecessary fixing part 13 and contact part 18 as a separate process. Further, along with the removal of the fixing portion 13 and the contact portion 18, the weld toe L between the nozzle member 191 and the base material is removed. Therefore, even if a defect associated with the weld toe L exists, it can be eliminated. Furthermore, by removing the weld toe L, the joining of the nozzle member 191 and the base material is completely melted, and the joining reliability is improved.
　実施例２においては、図８に示すように、開口用工具４１が管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂから内表面１４１１ｃに到達するまで開口加工を行っている。開口加工は、開口用工具４１が管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂから内表面１４１１ｃに到達するまで行わなくても、途中で止めてもよい。開口用工具４１が管板１４１１の外表面１４１１ｂを超えると、図９に示す溶接止端Ｌが除去されるため、完全溶け込みの状態で溶接接合された管台部１９を介して外部へ継管することができる。 In Example 2, as shown in FIG. 8, opening processing is performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 1411c from the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411. The opening process may not be performed until the opening tool 41 reaches the inner surface 1411c from the outer surface 1411b of the tube sheet 1411, or may be stopped halfway. When the opening tool 41 exceeds the outer surface 1411b of the tube plate 1411, the weld toe L shown in FIG. 9 is removed, so that the pipe is connected to the outside through the nozzle base 19 welded and joined in a completely melted state. can do.
　次に、図８及び図９を用いて仕上げ工程について説明する。仕上げ工程では、図９に示す溶接止端Ｍ、Ｎをグラインダー等でなだらかにする。管台２０の長期的な疲労強度を向上させるためである。仕上げ工程に伴い、図８に示すように、管台部１９の外周面１９ｂと、溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄとは表面仕上げされる。管台部１９の外周面１９ｂは例えば外径１ｍｍ～６ｍｍ程度研削され細くなる。また、管台部１９の外周面１９ｂと溶接部１４の外周面１４ｄは、所定の曲率を有するように加工される。また、開口した加工痕をなだらかにするため、管台孔壁２１、溶接部孔内壁１４ａ、基材孔壁１４１１ａも研削する等なだらかにすることが好ましい。その後、溶接後一般的な焼鈍工程等を施すことが好ましい。 Next, the finishing process will be described with reference to FIGS. In the finishing step, the weld toes M and N shown in FIG. 9 are gently made with a grinder or the like. This is to improve the long-term fatigue strength of the nozzle 20. In accordance with the finishing step, as shown in FIG. 8, the outer peripheral surface 19 b of the nozzle part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14 d of the welded part 14 are surface-finished. The outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle part 19 is ground and thinned, for example, by an outer diameter of 1 mm to 6 mm. Moreover, the outer peripheral surface 19b of the nozzle part 19 and the outer peripheral surface 14d of the welding part 14 are processed so that it may have a predetermined curvature. Further, in order to smoothen the machining traces that are opened, it is preferable that the nozzle hole wall 21, the welded hole inner wall 14a, and the base material hole wall 1411a are also ground and the like. Then, it is preferable to perform a general annealing process etc. after welding.
　本発明は、管台用部材と基材とを高精度に接合できる。また、溶接止端の除去により溶接部が通路に露出するので、管台用部材と基材との接合が完全溶け込みの状態となり接合の信頼性が向上する。原子力プラントの設備において管台接合の完全溶け込みの状態が実現できるため信頼性が確保できる。実施例２の管台２０は、基材が蒸気発生器１４０の管板１４１１として説明したが、基材を制限するものではなく、例えば基材は実施例１と同様に胴部１４１でもよい。 The present invention can join the nozzle member and the base material with high accuracy. Further, since the welded portion is exposed to the passage by removing the weld toe, the joint between the nozzle member and the base material is completely melted, and the joint reliability is improved. Reliability can be ensured because it is possible to realize the complete penetration of the nozzle joint in the nuclear plant equipment. The base 20 of the second embodiment has been described as the tube plate 1411 of the steam generator 140 as a base material. However, the base material is not limited. For example, the base material may be the body 141 as in the first embodiment.
　図１０は、実施例３に係る管台接合方法を説明するための断面図である。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。 FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the third embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
　図１０に示すように、図３における管台部１１となる管台用部材１１２を用意する。管台用部材１１２は略円筒形の外形をしている。実施例３においては、管台用部材１１２のテーパー部１７側である底部に底上げ部１６を形成し、底上げ部１６内に固定部となるガイド穴３３が形成されている。ガイド穴３３の内壁面に雌螺子３６がタップ加工形成されている。そして、固定部のガイド穴３３は、管台用部材１１２の円筒中心軸Ｏと同一の中心軸を有している。底上げ部１６は、本発明の必須の構成要素ではないが底上げをすることにより溶接後の溶接部の中心軸Ｏ方向の厚みを規定できる。実施例３に係る底上げ部１６の外形は、ガイド穴３３と略同一形状であり、ガイド穴３３の内径よりも大きな外径となる。底上げ部１６の底面は、固定部の周囲に位置し基材表面である胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂと平行な平坦面を形成している当接部１８である。 As shown in FIG. 10, a nozzle member 112 that becomes the nozzle portion 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared. The nozzle member 112 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape. In the third embodiment, the bottom raising portion 16 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 112 on the tapered portion 17 side, and the guide hole 33 serving as a fixing portion is formed in the bottom raising portion 16. A female screw 36 is tapped on the inner wall surface of the guide hole 33. The guide hole 33 of the fixed portion has the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 112. The bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined. The outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the third embodiment is substantially the same shape as the guide hole 33 and has an outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the guide hole 33. The bottom surface of the bottom raised portion 16 is an abutting portion 18 that forms a flat surface parallel to the outer surface 141b of the body portion 141 that is a base material surface and is located around the fixed portion.
　図１０に示すように、基材である胴部１４１には、突出部３４が形成されている。突出部３４は、管台用部材１１２の固定部であるガイド穴３３の雌螺子３６へ挿入可能な雄螺子３５を形成するねじ山加工が施されている。 As shown in FIG. 10, the protrusion part 34 is formed in the trunk | drum 141 which is a base material. The protruding portion 34 is threaded to form a male screw 35 that can be inserted into the female screw 36 of the guide hole 33 that is a fixing portion of the nozzle member 112.
　次に、仮固定工程について説明する。図１０に示すように、固定部であるガイド穴３３に突出部３４が締結されて仮固定される。雄螺子３５を雌螺子３６へねじ込むだけで予熱を加えずに簡単に管台用部材１１２の位置決めをすることができる。 Next, the temporary fixing process will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, the protruding portion 34 is fastened and temporarily fixed to the guide hole 33 which is a fixing portion. By simply screwing the male screw 35 into the female screw 36, the nozzle member 112 can be easily positioned without preheating.
　以後、実施例１及び２と同様に、接合工程、開口工程及び仕上げ工程を施し、図３に示すような管台を完成させる。ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１１２にかかり浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。雄螺子３５と雌螺子３６の噛み合わせにより、管台用部材１１２が胴部１４１から浮き上がらないように、胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１２の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において、締結された締結構造（螺子構造）により、管台用部材１１２が胴部１４１から浮きあがることがなく接合精度を向上できる。胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１２の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。 Thereafter, the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG. By the way, in the joining process, a force such as a tensile stress may be applied to the nozzle member 112 that is temporarily fixed to receive a lifting force. As the male screw 35 and the female screw 36 are engaged with each other, the nozzle member 112 is prevented from coming off from the barrel 141 so that the nozzle member 112 does not float from the barrel 141. In the temporary fixing step, due to the tightened fastening structure (screw structure), the nozzle member 112 does not float from the body 141, and the joining accuracy can be improved. Since it has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member 112 from the body portion 141, accuracy inaccuracy in the joining process (differences between reference surfaces, misunderstandings) is minimized.
　図１１は、実施例４に係る管台接合方法を説明するための断面図である。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。 FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
　図１１に示すように、図３における管台部１１となる管台用部材１１３を用意する。管台用部材１１３は略円筒形の外形をしている。そして、管台用部材１１３の円筒中心軸Ｏと同一の中心軸をもつ固定部５１が管台用部材１１３のテーパー部１７側である底部に形成されている。実施例４においては、管台用部材１１３の底部に底上げ部１６を形成し、底上げ部１６と固定部５１とが連続形成されている。底上げ部１６は、本発明の必須の構成要素ではないが底上げをすることにより溶接後の溶接部の中心軸Ｏ方向の厚みを規定できる。実施例４に係る底上げ部１６の外形は、固定部５１と略同一形状であり、同一径となる。 As shown in FIG. 11, a nozzle member 113 to be the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared. The nozzle member 113 has a substantially cylindrical outer shape. A fixing portion 51 having the same central axis as the cylindrical central axis O of the nozzle member 113 is formed on the bottom portion of the nozzle member 113 on the tapered portion 17 side. In Example 4, the bottom raising part 16 is formed in the bottom part of the nozzle member 113, and the bottom raising part 16 and the fixing part 51 are continuously formed. The bottom raised portion 16 is not an essential component of the present invention, but by raising the bottom, the thickness in the direction of the central axis O of the welded portion after welding can be defined. The outer shape of the bottom raised portion 16 according to the fourth embodiment is substantially the same shape as the fixed portion 51 and has the same diameter.
　図１１に示すように、基材である胴部１４１には、ガイド穴５２が形成されている。固定部５１の外径Ｔは、ガイド穴５２の内径Ｕよりもしばりばめに適切な範囲で設定される。 As shown in FIG. 11, a guide hole 52 is formed in the body 141 which is a base material. The outer diameter T of the fixing portion 51 is set in a range that is more suitable for a tight fit than the inner diameter U of the guide hole 52.
　次に、仮固定工程について説明する。図１１に示すように、固定部５１をガイド穴５２へ圧入装着し締結されて仮固定される。固定部５１が凸形状を形成し、基材に形成されたガイド穴５２に凹形状を形成して固定部５１とガイド穴５２とが嵌め合い可能となっている。固定部５１とガイド穴５２との凹凸の嵌合は、逆でもよい。凹凸の嵌め合いだけで予熱を加えずに簡単に胴部１４１に対して管台用部材１１３を位置決めすることができる。以後、実施例１及び２と同様に、接合工程、開口工程及び仕上げ工程を施し、図３に示すような管台を完成させる。ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１１３にかかり、管台用部材１１３に浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。凹凸の嵌合により、管台用部材１１３が基材に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材１１３の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において、締結された締結構造（嵌合構造）により、管台用部材１１３が胴部１４１から浮きあがり難くなる。つまり、胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１３の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。 Next, the temporary fixing process will be described. As shown in FIG. 11, the fixing portion 51 is press-fitted into the guide hole 52 and fastened to be temporarily fixed. The fixed portion 51 forms a convex shape, and a concave shape is formed in the guide hole 52 formed in the base material so that the fixed portion 51 and the guide hole 52 can be fitted together. The concave / convex fitting between the fixing portion 51 and the guide hole 52 may be reversed. The nozzle member 113 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by fitting the unevenness. Thereafter, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG. By the way, a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 113 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 113 may receive a lifting force. Due to the uneven fitting, the nozzle member 113 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 113 does not float with respect to the base material. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 113 is unlikely to be lifted from the body 141 due to the fastening structure (fitting structure) fastened. That is, since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 113 from the body portion 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
　図１２は、実施例４に係る管台接合方法の変形例を説明する説明図である。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。図１２に示すように、図３における管台部１１となる管台用部材１１４を用意する。管台用部材１１４は、図１２に示すようなピン形状の固定部５３を有している。胴部１４１の外表面１４１ｂは、図１２に示すような固定部５３に対応する穴形状のガイド穴５４を有している。図１２に示すように、固定部５３をガイド穴５４へ装着し締結されて仮固定される。すなわち、固定部５３が凸形状を形成し、基材に形成されたガイド穴５４に凹形状を形成して固定部５３とガイド穴５４とが嵌め合い可能となっている。固定部５３とガイド穴５４との凹凸の嵌合は、逆でもよい。凹凸の嵌め合いだけで予熱を加えずに簡単に胴部１４１に対して管台用部材１１４を位置決めすることができる。以後、実施例１及び２と同様に、接合工程、開口工程及び仕上げ工程を施し、図３に示すような管台を完成させる。ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１１４にかかり、管台用部材１１４に浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。凹凸の嵌合により、管台用部材１１４が基材に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材１１４の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において、締結された締結構造（嵌合構造）により、管台用部材１１４が胴部１４１から浮きあがり難くなる。つまり、胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１４の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。 FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a modification of the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. As shown in FIG. 12, the nozzle member 114 which becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared. The nozzle member 114 has a pin-shaped fixing portion 53 as shown in FIG. The outer surface 141b of the trunk portion 141 has a hole-shaped guide hole 54 corresponding to the fixing portion 53 as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12, the fixing portion 53 is attached to the guide hole 54 and fastened by being fastened. That is, the fixing portion 53 forms a convex shape, and a concave shape is formed in the guide hole 54 formed in the base material so that the fixing portion 53 and the guide hole 54 can be fitted together. The concave / convex fitting between the fixing portion 53 and the guide hole 54 may be reversed. The nozzle member 114 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by fitting the unevenness. Thereafter, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG. By the way, a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 114 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 114 may receive a lifting force. By fitting the unevenness, the nozzle member 114 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 114 does not float with respect to the base material. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 114 is unlikely to be lifted from the body portion 141 due to the tightened fastening structure (fitting structure). That is, since it has a structure that restricts the withdrawal of the nozzle member 114 from the body portion 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
　図１３、図１４及び図１５は、実施例４に係る管台接合方法の他の変形例を説明する説明図である。なお、前述した実施例で説明したものと同じ部材には同一の符号を付して重複する説明は省略する。図１３に示すように、図３における管台部１１となる管台用部材１１５を用意する。管台用部材１１５は、図１３に示すような係合凸部５６がついた固定部５５を有している。胴部１４１は、ガイド穴５７を有しており、図１３に示すような係合凹部５９をつけた穴形状とする。図１４は、固定部５５のみを管台用部材１１５のテーパー部１７側である底部より平面視でみた平面図である。固定部５５は、固定部５５の外周の一部に係合凸部５６を有している。図１５は、ガイド穴５７を胴部１４１ｂ側である上面より平面視でみた平面図である。ガイド穴５７は、挿入溝５８を有しており、挿入溝５８以外では係合凹部５９は、胴部１４１ｂの陰となっている。図１３、図１４及び図１５を用いて、固定部５５とガイド穴５７との係合を説明する。固定部５５の係合凸部５６をガイド穴５７の挿入溝５８を通すように挿入する。挿入後に、図１３に示すように係合凸部５６と係合凹部５９が噛み合うように管台用部材１１５を回転する。係合凸部５６と係合凹部５９が噛み合うことで、胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１５の抜けを規制されることになり、締結されて仮固定される。凹凸の係合だけで予熱を加えずに簡単に胴部１４１に対して管台用部材１１５を位置決めすることができる。以後、実施例１及び２と同様に、接合工程、開口工程及び仕上げ工程を施し、図３に示すような管台を完成させる。ところで、接合工程により、引張応力等の力が仮固定された管台用部材１１５にかかり、管台用部材１１５に浮き上がりの力を受けることがある。凹凸の係合により、管台用部材１１５が胴部１４１に対して浮き上がらないように、基材からの管台用部材１１５の抜けが規制される。仮固定工程において、締結された締結構造（係合構造）により、管台用部材１１５が胴部１４１から浮きあがり難くなる。つまり、胴部１４１からの管台用部材１１５の抜けを規制する構造となっているため、接合工程での精度の狂い（基準面同士のくい違い、目違い）は最小限に抑えられている。 FIG. 13, FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 are explanatory views for explaining another modified example of the nozzle joining method according to the fourth embodiment. Note that the same members as those described in the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. As shown in FIG. 13, a nozzle member 115 that becomes the nozzle part 11 in FIG. 3 is prepared. The nozzle member 115 has a fixing portion 55 with an engaging convex portion 56 as shown in FIG. The body 141 has a guide hole 57 and has a hole shape with an engagement recess 59 as shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is a plan view in which only the fixing portion 55 is seen in a plan view from the bottom portion on the taper portion 17 side of the nozzle member 115. The fixing portion 55 has an engaging convex portion 56 on a part of the outer periphery of the fixing portion 55. FIG. 15 is a plan view of the guide hole 57 as seen in a plan view from the upper surface on the body 141b side. The guide hole 57 has an insertion groove 58, and the engagement recess 59 is behind the body 141b except for the insertion groove 58. The engagement between the fixing portion 55 and the guide hole 57 will be described with reference to FIGS. 13, 14, and 15. The engaging convex portion 56 of the fixing portion 55 is inserted so as to pass through the insertion groove 58 of the guide hole 57. After the insertion, the nozzle member 115 is rotated so that the engaging convex portion 56 and the engaging concave portion 59 are engaged with each other as shown in FIG. The engagement convex portion 56 and the engagement concave portion 59 mesh with each other, so that the nozzle member 115 is prevented from coming off from the body portion 141 and is fastened and temporarily fixed. The nozzle member 115 can be easily positioned with respect to the body 141 without preheating only by engaging the concaves and convexes. Thereafter, similarly to the first and second embodiments, the joining step, the opening step, and the finishing step are performed to complete the nozzle as shown in FIG. By the way, a force such as tensile stress is applied to the nozzle member 115 temporarily fixed by the joining process, and the nozzle member 115 may receive a lifting force. Due to the engagement of the projections and recesses, the nozzle member 115 is prevented from coming off from the base material so that the nozzle member 115 does not float with respect to the body 141. In the temporary fixing step, the nozzle member 115 is unlikely to be lifted from the body 141 due to the fastening structure (engagement structure) fastened. That is, since it has a structure that restricts the removal of the nozzle member 115 from the body 141, the accuracy in the joining process (difference between reference planes, misunderstandings) is minimized. .
　以上、実施例で説明してきた管台を用いて、伝熱管、ドレイン用や検査用等のため、管板、管群外筒や胴部に管を支持することが可能となる。加圧水型軽水炉原子力発電設備を例に説明してきたが、沸騰水型及びその他の原子力プラントにも適用可能である。また、一般の熱交換器、火力発電プラントにも応用可能である。高温・高圧な配管において、本発明はより効果を奏する。 As described above, the tube can be supported on the tube plate, the tube group outer cylinder, and the body portion for the heat transfer tube, the drain, and the inspection by using the nozzle described in the embodiment. Although a pressurized water type light water reactor nuclear power generation facility has been described as an example, it can be applied to a boiling water type and other nuclear power plants. It can also be applied to general heat exchangers and thermal power plants. The present invention is more effective in high-temperature and high-pressure piping.
　１０、２０　管台
　１１ｘ、１９ｘ　管台孔
　１３、３３、５１、５３、５５　固定部
　１４ａ　溶接部孔内壁
　１４ｄ　外周面
　１４ｘ　溶接部孔
　１５　雄螺子
　１７　テーパー部
　１７ａ　テーパー外周端
　１８　当接部
　１１、１９　管台部
　１１ｂ、１９ｂ　外周面
　２１　管台孔壁
　２４　センタガイド
　３１、５２、５４、５７　ガイド穴
　３４　突出部
　４１　開口用工具
　５８　挿入溝
　１００　原子力プラント
　１１０　原子炉格納容器
　１１１、１９１、１１２、１１３、１１４、１１５　管台用部材
　１３０　加圧器
　１４１　胴部
　１４１ａ　胴部の基材孔壁
　１４１ｂ　胴部の外表面
　１４１ｃ　胴部の内表面
　１４１ｘ　基材孔
　１４１１　管板
　１４１１ａ　管板の基材孔壁
　１４１１ｂ　管板の外表面
　１４１１ｃ　管板の内表面
　１４１１ｘ　基材孔
　１４１３、１４１４　水室
　１４１５　入口側ノズル
　１４１６　出口側ノズル
　１４２　各伝熱管
　１４３　気水分離器
　１４５　管群外筒
　１４６　管支持板
　１６０　一次冷却材管
　２１０　タービン
　２２０　発電機
　２３０　復水器
　Ｌ、Ｍ、Ｎ　溶接止端
　Ｏ　円筒中心軸 10, 20 Tubular head 11x, 19x Tubular hole 13, 33, 51, 53, 55 Fixing part 14a Welding part hole inner wall 14d Outer peripheral surface 14x Welding part hole 15 Male screw 17 Taper part 17a Taper outer peripheral end 18 Contact part 11, 19 Tubular portion 11b, 19b Outer peripheral surface 21 Tubular hole wall 24 Center guide 31, 52, 54, 57 Guide hole 34 Projection portion 41 Opening tool 58 Insertion groove 100 Nuclear power plant 110 Reactor containment vessel 111, 191 113, 114, 115 Tubular member 130 Pressurizer 141 Body 141a Body base hole wall 141b Body outer surface 141c Body inner surface 141x Base hole 1411 Tube plate 1411a Tube plate base wall 1411b Tube plate outer surface 1411c Tube plate inner surface 1411x Base material hole 1413, 1414 Water chamber 1415 Inlet side Sul 1416 Outlet side nozzle 142 Heat transfer tube 143 Air / water separator 145 Tube group outer cylinder 146 Tube support plate 160 Primary coolant tube 210 Turbine 220 Generator 230 Condenser L, M, N Weld toe O Cylindrical center shaft

Claims (16)

  1. 　基材と、管台とを接合する管台接合方法であって、
    　前記管台となる管台用部材は前記基材に固定可能な固定部を有し、前記固定部により前記基材に前記管台用部材を仮固定する仮固定工程と、
    　仮固定された前記管台用部材と前記基材との隙間の少なくとも一部を溶接させる接合工程と、
    　溶接後の前記管台用部材から前記基材にかけて通路を開口する開口工程と、を有することを特徴とする管台接合方法。     A nozzle joining method for joining a base material and a nozzle,
    The nozzle member that becomes the nozzle has a fixing part that can be fixed to the base material, and the temporary fixing step of temporarily fixing the nozzle member to the base material by the fixing part;
    A joining step of welding at least a part of a gap between the temporarily fixed member for the nozzle and the base material;
    An opening step of opening a passage from the nozzle member after welding to the base material.
  2. 　前記開口工程において、前記固定部を除去することを特徴とする請求項１記載の管台接合方法。 2. The nozzle joining method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing portion is removed in the opening step.
  3. 　前記固定部は前記基材からの前記管台用部材の抜けを規制する構造となっている請求項１又は２記載の管台接合方法。 3. The nozzle joining method according to claim 1, wherein the fixing portion has a structure that regulates the removal of the nozzle member from the base material.
  4. 　前記固定部は基材に対して締結可能な締結構造となっている請求項１から３のいずれか一つに記載の管台接合方法。 4. The nozzle joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fixing portion has a fastening structure capable of being fastened to a base material.
  5. 　前記固定部は雄螺子であって、前記基材には雌螺子が形成されている請求項３又は４記載の管台接合方法。 5. The nozzle joining method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the fixing portion is a male screw, and a female screw is formed on the base material.
  6. 　前記固定部と前記基材とのいずれか一方に凸形状を形成し、他方に前記凸形状が嵌め合わされる凹形状を有している請求項３又は４記載の管台接合方法。 5. The nozzle joining method according to claim 3, wherein a convex shape is formed on one of the fixing portion and the base material, and the concave shape is formed so that the convex shape is fitted on the other.
  7. 　前記管台用部材は前記固定部の周囲に前記基材表面に突き当て可能な突き当て面を有して基材表面と当接可能とする当接部を有している請求項１から６のいずれか一つに記載の管台接合方法。 The said nozzle member has an abutting part which has an abutting surface which can be abutted on the said base material surface around the said fixing | fixed part, and can contact | abut with the base material surface. The nozzle joining method according to any one of the above.
  8. 　前記開口工程において、前記当接部を除去する請求項７記載の管台接合方法。 The nozzle joining method according to claim 7, wherein the contact portion is removed in the opening step.
  9. 　前記管台用部材は、前記固定部に近づく程外径が小さくなるテーパー形状を有する請求項１から８のいずれか一つに記載の管台接合方法。 9. The nozzle connection method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the nozzle member has a tapered shape in which an outer diameter decreases as the fixing part is approached.
  10. 　前記管台用部材は、平面視において前記固定部の外径より大きい外径の開口用工具により加工されることを特徴とする請求項１から９のいずれか一つに記載の管台接合方法。 10. The nozzle connection method according to claim 1, wherein the nozzle member is processed by an opening tool having an outer diameter larger than an outer diameter of the fixed portion in a plan view. .
  11. 　前記管台用部材は、平面視において前記開口用工具の加工中心と、前記固定部の外径中心とが重なりあうことを特徴とする請求項１０記載の管台接合方法。 11. The nozzle connection method according to claim 10, wherein, in the plan view, the processing center of the opening tool and the center of the outer diameter of the fixed portion overlap each other.
  12. 　前記基材は、蒸気発生器の胴又は管板である請求項１から１１のいずれか一つに記載の管台接合方法を用いて製造される蒸気発生器の製造方法。 The method of manufacturing a steam generator manufactured using the nozzle joining method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the base material is a body or a tube plate of a steam generator.
  13. 　基材に管台として接合されるための管台用部材であって、
    　前記管台用部材は前記基材に固定可能な固定部を有することを特徴とする管台用部材。     It is a member for a nozzle for joining as a nozzle to a base material,
    The said nozzle member has the fixing | fixed part which can be fixed to the said base material, The member for nozzles characterized by the above-mentioned.
  14. 　前記管台用部材が開口用工具の挿入可能な加工穴を有し、平面視において前記加工穴の直径が前記固定部の外径より大きいことを特徴とする請求項１３記載の管台用部材。 14. The nozzle member according to claim 13, wherein the nozzle member has a processing hole into which an opening tool can be inserted, and the diameter of the processing hole is larger than the outer diameter of the fixing portion in plan view. .
  15. 　平面視において前記加工穴の内径中心と、前記固定部の外径中心とが重なりあうことを特徴とする請求項１４記載の管台用部材。 15. The nozzle member according to claim 14, wherein the center of the inner diameter of the processing hole and the center of the outer diameter of the fixing portion overlap in a plan view.
  16. 　蒸気発生器の基材と、
    　前記基材の表面上に溶接部を介して溶接接合された管台と、少なくとも前記溶接部を貫通する通路とを有し、
    　前記溶接部が前記通路に露出すると共に前記溶接部の前記通路の中心軸方向の厚みは前記通路に近づく程小さくなることを特徴とする蒸気発生器。     A steam generator substrate;
    A nozzle that is welded and joined on the surface of the base material via a welded portion; and at least a passage that penetrates the welded portion;
    The steam generator is characterized in that the welded portion is exposed to the passage and the thickness of the welded portion in the central axis direction of the passage becomes smaller toward the passage.
PCT/JP2011/068127 2010-08-24 2011-08-09 Method for joining pipe base, method for producing vapor generator, member for pipe base, and vapor generator WO2012026324A1 (en)

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JPS55100496A (en) * 1979-01-25 1980-07-31 Toyota Motor Co Ltd Method of coupling branch pipe
JPS60115322A (en) * 1983-11-28 1985-06-21 Babcock Hitachi Kk Manufacture of pipe member
JPH07284925A (en) * 1994-04-19 1995-10-31 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Method for butt-welding tube materials

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