WO2012016662A1

WO2012016662A1 - Motor vehicle and method for driving a motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2012016662A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/003787
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mattias Vesterlund
Original assignee: Mattias Vesterlund
Priority date: 2010-08-04
Filing date: 2011-07-28
Publication date: 2012-02-09
Also published as: DE102010033431A1

Abstract

Electric motors (32) are used in motor vehicles (10) in order to reduce consumption. Electric motors (32) are merely provided here to assist individual specific driving situations such as, for example, starting and/or accelerating at low speeds. It is disadvantageous here that no significant energy savings compared to pure internal combustion engines (30) are possible. The object of the present invention is therefore to make available an energy-saving system for operating a motor vehicle (10) with an electric motor (32). This object is achieved by means of a motor vehicle according to Claim 1 and a method for operating a motor vehicle (10) according to Claim 6. Accordingly, the motor vehicle (10) has at least one internal combustion engine (30), an electric motor (32) and a generator (36), wherein the generator (36) can be driven by the internal combustion engine (30) and supplies the electric motor (32) with electrical energy. It is advantageous here that the internal combustion engine (30) can be used to generate electrical energy independently of the speed or the driving state of the motor vehicle (10).

Description

Motor vehicle and method for driving a motor vehicle Description

The invention relates to a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for driving a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 5. For traveling on a ground, a motor vehicle usually has as part of a chassis at least one wheel, preferably four wheels on. The wheels are each arranged in pairs at the ends of each axis and rotatably supported. At least one of the wheels can be understood as part of a drive system. Generally, an internal combustion engine coupled to at least one of the wheels is used for driving. A driven axle or an axle with at least one driven wheel is also referred to as the drive axle.

In order to achieve energy savings or a more efficient use of the energy used for locomotion, in particular compared to classic internal combustion engines, alternative drive systems exist. In this case, at least one electric motor is generally used in addition to the at least one internal combustion engine, wherein the electric motor initially serves to convert the kinetic energy of the motor vehicle when decelerating into electrical energy. This energy is then stored temporarily, in order subsequently to be used again for driving the motor vehicle by means of the electric motor in certain driving situations, in particular when starting up. Electric motors of such so-called "hybrid vehicles" are usually designed only for starting or at low speeds. They therefore only support the combustion engine at low speeds.

CONFIRMATION COPY A disadvantage of the known drive system is that the at least one electric motor is used only supportive in some speed ranges, especially when starting. This is because the power supply used only for temporary storage and thus for short periods such. B. is suitable for starting.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a motor vehicle with a drive system or a method for driving a motor vehicle which reduces the energy consumption compared with the prior art, in particular when the electric motor is used.

The invention is achieved by a motor vehicle having the features of claim 1. Accordingly, the motor vehicle or its drive system has at least one generator. In particular, the generator is coupled to the internal combustion engine to provide electrical energy. The electrical energy preferably serves at least in part to operate the at least one electric motor. This ensures that the electric motor is permanently drivable during the entire operating time of the motor vehicle. This is ensured by sufficient fuel, in particular gasoline or the like, for driving the internal combustion engine is carried. Thus, the electric motor is operable independently of storage of electrical energy.

In particular, the internal combustion engine can be decoupled from the drive of the at least one wheel, while the internal combustion engine supplies the electric motor with electrical energy by means of the generator. Thus, the motor vehicle is driven by the electric motor by the engine provides sufficient electrical energy by means of the generator. In particular, the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine can be varied as a function of the electrical energy required by the electric motor. The power of the internal combustion engine is thus adapted to the power requested by the electric motor. This leads in particular to a change in the energy consumption of the internal combustion engine and preferably to a reduction compared to the use of an internal combustion engine for direct drive. In front- Preferably, the internal combustion engine drives at least temporarily only or at least substantially only the generator and in particular not the motor vehicle at the same time. This is preferably used for at least temporary exclusive supply of the electric motor for driving the motor vehicle. Preferably, the internal combustion engine is operable for this purpose with a constant or at least substantially constant speed. Particularly preferably, this is an at least almost consumption-optimal speed. This means that the internal combustion engine operates at a speed at which, in particular, the maximum power or the maximum torque per energy quantity of the primary energy used, ie, for example, of the fuel, can be achieved. Preferably, this speed of the engine is tuned with the speed of the generator. This preferably takes place in such a way that the generator supplies sufficient or more than sufficient energy for operating the electric motor in the typical operating conditions at the consumption-optimal rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.

While electric motors deliver a constant torque virtually over their entire available speed range, this is speed-dependent in internal combustion engines. Only in a limited speed range does an internal combustion engine deliver optimal torque. This is also generally associated with a correspondingly low consumption in relation to the available power. The combustion engine operates in normal driving mostly outside its optimum speed range, resulting in correspondingly high fuel consumption and low performance data.

More preferably, the internal combustion engine has at least one, preferably a plurality of cylinders. In particular, these are typically a four- or six-cylinder engine, but also eight-cylinder or other embodiments, such as, in particular, a three, five or twelve-cylinder engine. More preferably, at least one of the cylinders can be activated and / or deactivated. In this case, preferably a plurality of cylinders are in particular activated in pairs and / or deactivated. This means that the cylinders can be switched on or off. For example, the supply of fuel and / or the Ignition of the respective cylinder on or off. In particular, two or four cylinders can be switched off in a six-cylinder engine. This means that the engine is operated with less than the existing, in particular only two cylinders. This nevertheless provides sufficient power for driving the generator, in particular at a consumption-optimal speed of the internal combustion engine.

For preferably detachable coupling of the internal combustion engine with at least one of the drive axles or at least one of the wheels, a transmission, preferably an automatic transmission, is provided. However, alternatively, a manual transmission or the like comes into consideration. More preferably, at least one, preferably at least one further or another of the drive axles can be driven by means of the electric motor. More preferably, each individual edge can be associated with an electric motor. In particular, the electric motor is preferably permanently coupled to the drive axle or the wheel. Thus, on the one hand, a good power transmission can take place without additional wearing parts. On the other hand, it can also be done in a simple manner, a deceleration of the motor vehicle by the electric motor. In particular, all axes or wheels are driven or driven. Thus, a total of four-wheel drive is possible. Here are different axes, drive axles or wheels by separate drives, d. H. the electric motor or the internal combustion engine, independently drivable. As a result, expensive gearboxes for coupling multiple axles to realize four-wheel drive can be dispensed with. Preferably, at least one front axle can be driven by the electric motor and preferably a rear axle by the internal combustion engine. The front axle is a front of the axles of the motor vehicle, while the rear axle is a rear one of the axles of the motor vehicle. But it can also be provided in each case several front axles or rear axles. These can then be jointly, separately or partially drivable.

More preferably, the motor vehicle additionally has at least one energy store. The energy store is preferably a battery, an accumulator, a capacitor, or the like. The energy Memory is preferably used at least for temporary storage or intermediate storage of electrical energy. The energy used may be, in particular, braking energy or excess electrical energy generated by the generator. Braking energy refers to the amount of energy that is released from a higher speed to a lower speed of kinetic energy during braking of the motor vehicle and that can be converted into other forms of energy. By operating the electric motor in a reverse manner as a generator, this kinetic energy can be converted directly into electrical energy and, if necessary, can be stored.

More preferably, the motor vehicle has at least one controller. The control is used in particular for speed and / or load-dependent activation or deactivation of individual components, such as the electric motor, the internal combustion engine, one or more of the cylinders thereof, the generator, or the like. Also, the operation of the transmission, the internal combustion engine, the electric motor or their coupling to one of the axles or to one of the wheels is preferably controllable by the controller. The load-dependent or speed-dependent regulation of the power of the internal combustion engine and / or of the electric motor can also take place. On the basis of specifications of a user or driver of the motor vehicle, for example by operating the accelerator pedal, the brake or other operating elements that are intended to influence the control or the driving characteristics, the controller can in turn control the operation of the individual components of the Motor vehicle influence. In addition, the controller may operate based on predetermined values.

The object formulated above is achieved by a method for driving a motor vehicle with the measures of claim 5. Accordingly, the motor vehicle is at least temporarily driven by the at least one electric motor with at least a portion of the energy provided by a generator. The generator is preferably coupled to the internal combustion engine such that it is driven by the internal combustion engine. This means in particular that the electric motor is powered by the internal combustion engine the generator is supplied with electrical energy. Preferably, the motor vehicle is driven by a large part or almost all of the energy provided by the generator. In particular, the motor vehicle is at least temporarily driven exclusively by the electric motor. Thus, depending on the external conditions or driving conditions, operation is preferably provided solely by the electric motor. Preferably, the electric motor is at least temporarily switched on to support the internal combustion engine for driving the motor vehicle. This addition takes place, in particular, as a function of the speed and / or load. Conversely, conversely, the internal combustion engine is switched on to support the electric motor for driving the motor vehicle. This is done in particular likewise speed-dependent and / or load-dependent. Further preferably, the motor vehicle is selectively driven exclusively by the at least one electric motor below a predetermined speed value. The speed value can be chosen almost arbitrarily, in particular by the driver. Alternatively, it may be predetermined in particular in the controller. The speed value is in particular at least 30 km / h, preferably 60 km / h, in particular 100 km / h.

Preferably, at least the necessary for driving the motor vehicle by means of the at least one electric motor, in particular electrical energy is provided by the generator or fed from the generator to the electric motor. The energy is preferably delivered directly, ie preferably instantaneously or instantaneously, from the generator to the electric motor, in particular without intermediate storage. More preferably, the internal combustion engine is operated at a constant speed, in particular for providing electrical energy for solely driving the motor vehicle by the electric motor. Thus, it is ensured that the electric motor is sufficiently supplied with electric power when it is used for driving the motor vehicle. Due to the constant speed in particular ensures a uniform or constant energy supply. More preferably, the speed is in a consumption-optimal range, ie that in particular a maximum or optimal torque or such a power at Total consumption is achieved as low as possible. This is typically a medium speed range of the internal combustion engine, for example, about 2200 rpm for a diesel engine or about 3000 rpm for a gasoline engine. This ensures on the one hand the sufficient electrical supply of the electric motor and on the other hand minimizes the consumption of the entire system. Consumption is minimized by the fact that the combustion engine delivers the highest energy efficiency or yield of rotational energy, torque or power in the consumption-optimal range in relation to the energy used. Thus, a maximum of electrical energy can be generated by the generator with minimal primary energy consumption or fuel use. More preferably, the motor vehicle is at least not driven simultaneously by the internal combustion engine. Conversely, this means that the motor vehicle is at least temporarily driven exclusively by the electric motor. Thus, the internal combustion engine serves at least temporarily only to generate electrical energy. Thus, the internal combustion engine for power generation can run in the optimum range or speed range.

In particular, individual or more cylinders of the internal combustion engine are at least temporarily switched off or deactivated. Conversely, if necessary, the cylinders can also be switched on or activated again accordingly. Preferably, the connection or disconnection takes place in pairs. The connection or disconnection is further preferably speed-dependent and / or load-dependent. For example, in a six-cylinder engine, four or even only two of the cylinders may be shut down while still providing sufficient power of the internal combustion engine to maintain electrical energy for the electric motor in nearly all driving situations. With a higher power requirement, cylinders are preferably connected again accordingly. In particular, individual or several cylinders can be deactivated and / or activated separately at least temporarily.

In particular, the preferably two wheels, in particular one of the drive axles, are driven individually or jointly at least temporarily by the internal combustion engine. It is preferably at least one background axle of the motor vehicle or a rear-wheel drive. More preferably, at least temporarily, the preferably two wheels of one of the drive axles are driven separately or jointly by the at least one electric motor. This driven by the electric motor drive axle is in particular a front axle or a front-wheel drive. Particularly preferably, all wheels or all axes are driven simultaneously by the internal combustion engine or the electric motor, in particular alternatively. In particular, a part of the wheels or axles is driven by the internal combustion engine and another part of the wheels or axles by the electric motor. Overall, a (so-called mixed) four-wheel drive can thus be implemented. In this four-wheel drive thus separate engines or different engine types are used for different axles or wheels. This saves in particular complex gearbox for load distribution between the driven axles or the wheels.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that at least a part of the (electrical) energy and / or the braking energy provided by the generator is temporarily stored. For this purpose, the energy is temporarily stored in an energy store or fed to the energy store. In this case, the term "braking energy" refers to the energy that is converted from kinetic energy when the motor vehicle is being decelerated into other forms of energy. Further preferably, the braking energy is provided during braking of the vehicle by the electric motor. This is done, in particular, by the electric motor, which in turn operates as a generator, which accordingly provides electrical energy while being driven by the kinetic energy of the motor vehicle. The energy store is preferably an electrical energy store, such as a battery, an accumulator, a capacitor or the like. However, it is also possible to store other forms of energy, for example kinetic energy by means of a flywheel or also chemical energy, for example by means of a fuel cell. Furthermore, at least part of the energy stored in the energy store is preferably used to drive the motor vehicle by means of the electric motor. Thus, in the sense of a classic hybrid vehicle, a temporary Buffering of electrical energy done in order to use them again, for example when starting up.

Preferably, a controller is provided. In particular, the operation of the motor vehicle or its drive or drive system is controlled by the controller. The electric motor and / or the internal combustion engine and / or the power supply or the generator are controlled by the controller. More preferably, the electric motor and / or the internal combustion engine and / or at least one of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is activated and / or deactivated or switched on and / or off. In particular, the internal combustion engine or the generator is controlled such that sufficient electrical energy is provided for driving the motor vehicle by means of the electric motor. For this purpose, in particular the power or speed of the internal combustion engine can be adjusted accordingly, in particular such that the internal combustion engine is operated in the consumption-optimal range. In addition, the controller preferably also controls the normal driving operation of the motor vehicle, that is, in particular the acceleration and deceleration, or various other commands by a driver or an operator are evaluated and converted accordingly into a reaction of the vehicle.

A preferred embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 shows a perspective view of a motor vehicle with a drive system according to the invention,

2 is a top view of the motor vehicle, FIG. 3 is a detailed view of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle,

4 is a detail view of the electric motor of the motor vehicle with the controller, 5 is an overview drawing of the drive system,

6 shows an overview drawing according to FIG. 5 with activated internal combustion engine, FIG.

Fig. 7 is an overview drawing of FIG. 5 with activated electric motor, and

Fig. 8 is an overview drawing of FIG. 5 with activated internal combustion engine and activated electric motor.

In Fig. 1, a motor vehicle 10 is shown. The motor vehicle 10 has a chassis 12, an associated drive system 14 and a body 16. The body 16 and the chassis 12 form the backbone of the motor vehicle 10. The body 16 is shown in Fig. 1 semi-transparent, in order to recognize the inside arranged therein components of the chassis 12 and the drive system 14 and their relative arrangement.

The chassis 12 has two axes, namely a front axle 18 and a rear axle 20. The front axle 18 extends in the front region or front region of the body 16 transversely to the direction of travel 22 when driving forward. Accordingly, the rear axle 20 is assigned to the rear region or rear region of the motor vehicle 10 or the body 16. It also extends transversely to the direction of travel 22. In the present case, the rear axle 20 is formed as a sectionally rigid axle.

At the ends of two wheels 24 are mounted as rear wheels. The connection between the wheels 24 and the rear axle 20 is rotationally fixed in the present case. The rear axle 20 is rotatably mounted in the chassis 12 about its longitudinal axis. The front axle 18 also has two wheels 26 arranged at their ends. The wheels 26 are rotatably mounted relative to the chassis 12 and the motor vehicle 10 together with the front axle 18 about its longitudinal axis. Both the bearing of the front axle 18 as well as the rear axle 20 is rotatable about the respective longitudinal axis of the extending through the respective wheel 24 and 26 section. The wheels 26 of the front Axis 18 are rotatably mounted relative to the chassis 12 and the body 16 about a respective perpendicular axis. This is necessary in order to be able to steer the motor vehicle 10. The vertical axis is arranged in each case in the vicinity of the respective wheel 26 in a plane with the front axle 18 and perpendicular at least to the section extending through the respective wheel 26. In order to ensure steerability, the front axle 18 is accordingly not rigid. Instead, at least two articulated sections are provided, on the one hand allow a good power transmission and on the other hand, a common steering. Accordingly, both the front axle 18 and the rear axle 20 are each subdivided into a plurality of axle sections 28.

The chassis 12 also has brakes, not shown here, which are associated with the wheels 24 and 26, respectively. In particular, each of the four wheels 24, 26 is associated with a respective brake, preferably with brake disk or brake axle.

Both the front axle 18 and the rear axle 20 are connected in the region of their coupling to the internal combustion engine 30 and electric motor 32 in each case by means of universal joints 64 to the respective motor. On the side of the respective wheel 24 and 26, a universal joint 66 may also be provided. This serves to allow a compression of the corresponding wheels 24 and 26 in the vertical direction or a steering in the region of the front axle 18. Accordingly, it is not a completely rigid design of the respective axis.

The drive system 14 has an internal combustion engine 30 and an electric motor 32. The internal combustion engine 30 is arranged in the rear region of the motor vehicle 10, which is also referred to as the rear region. It is coupled by means of a transmission 34 with the rear axle 20. The transmission 34 is designed as an automatic transmission. The transmission 34 allows engagement and disengagement of the frictional connection between the engine 30 and the rear axle 20. In addition, with the aid of the transmission 34 and a change in the ratio of the engine 30 is provided to the rear axle 20. This makes it possible to vary the speed or torque ratio between the internal combustion engine 30 and the rear axle 20.

The two electric motors 32 in the present case are arranged in the region of the front axle 18. The electric motors 32 are connected to the front axle 18 or respectively an axle section 28 of the same non-positively. Thus, by the electric motor 32, the front axle 18 are driven. In particular, both axle sections 28 can be driven separately by the respective left and right electric motor 32. A freewheel of the electric motor 32 relative to the front axle 18 is not provided here, but may optionally be provided.

With the internal combustion engine 30, a generator 36 is also connected non-positively. Thus, the generator 36 is permanently driven by the engine 30. The generator 36 serves to provide the electric motor 32 virtually constantly with electrical energy. Serve by the motor vehicle 10 from the rear area to the front area extending electrical lines 38. The lines 38 extend to a front-mounted control 40. The controller 40 is used to control or control the operation of the motor vehicle 10, in particular the drive system 14 with the various components. In particular, the supply of the electric motor 32 with the energy provided by the generator 36 is performed by the controller 40. Accordingly, further lines 42 for connection of the electric motor 32 to the controller 40 are provided.

In order to allow a driver, not shown, the operation of the motor vehicle 10, 16 controls 44 are arranged inside the body, in particular pedals and gauges. With the controls 44, in particular the accelerator pedal 46, the driver specifies his engine power requirement. With the brake pedal 48, conversely, a braking operation is initiated. The display 50 serves, for example, to display the current speed or other relevant data for the driver. The controller 40 thus serves on the one hand to receive the commands of the driver, a corresponding feedback to the same and on the other hand to control the components of the drive system 14. These include in particular the engine 30, the electric motor 32, the gear 34 and the generator 36. In addition the brakes are controllable by the controller 40.

In the detailed illustration of FIG. 3 of the internal combustion engine 30, it can be seen that in the exemplary embodiment shown, this is an engine with six cylinders 52, that is to say a six-cylinder engine. In the present case, four cylinders are arranged on each cylinder at the end of the displacement which is opposite to the respective cylinder 52, that is, the movement space of the cylinder. The valves 54 serve for the inlet of the fuel, such as gasoline, diesel or the like or for the exit of the combustion gases. In the present case, two of the cylinders 52 are arranged in pairs opposite one another. All six cylinders are connected to the same crankshaft 56. It is therefore a so-called boxer engine. The illustrated state of Fig. 3 shows the cylinder 52 according to an example selected position. Accordingly, the cylinders 52 are in different positions with respect to the crankshaft 56. The cylinders 52 are movably supported in the plane defined by them.

The crankshaft 56 is connected at one end to the transmission 34. Thus, the torque of the crankshaft 56 can be transmitted to the transmission 34 and from there according to the Einkopplungszustandes or the translation to the rear axle 20. At the end region of the crankshaft 56 opposite the gear 34, the latter is coupled to the generator 36 with the aid of a V-belt 58. This serves to drive the generator 36 by the engine 30. Thus, the generator 36 can provide electric power for driving the electric motor 32.

In the present case, two separate electric motors 32 are provided for driving the two wheels 26 of the front axle 18. Thus, it is not necessary to use a limited slip differential in order to eliminate different rolling paths of the wheels 26, for example when cornering or unevenness of the ground. chen. The two electric motors 32 are independently rotatable or drivable and can thus compensate for such path length differences during the rolling of the wheels 26. The controller 40 thus has separate lines 42 for supplying the two electric motors 32. The controls 44 are also connected by means of lines 60 to the controller 40. To control the transmission 34, a line 62 is also provided. The mode of operation of the motor vehicle 10 with the drive system 14 according to the invention or the method is described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8. For the sake of clarity, some of the reference signs for components that are not essential here have been omitted. In the idle state of the motor vehicle 10 or its drive shown in FIG. 5, all components of the drive system 14 are shown switched off. In FIGS. 6 to 8, the respective active components are highlighted by dark deposits. In the normal running operation of the motor vehicle 10 shown in FIG. 6, only the engine 30 is used for driving. Accordingly, all six cylinders 52 are in operation. The internal combustion engine 30 thus drives the rear axle 20 with the two wheels 24 via the transmission 34. This corresponds to the usual operation of a motor vehicle 10 with an internal combustion engine 30.

FIG. 7 shows the operation of the motor vehicle exclusively with the aid of the electric motors 32. Here, each one of the electric motors 32 ever drives one of the two axle sections 28 of the front axle 18, so that the corresponding wheels 26 are rotated. To supply the electric motors 32, the generator 36 serves. This is coupled to the internal combustion engine 30 and is driven by this. Since the engine 30 is decoupled from the rear axle 20 by the transmission 34 is switched to idle, the speed of the engine 30 can be selected freely. The internal combustion engine 30 is accordingly operated in an rpm range which is as optimal as possible for fuel consumption. Beit in which a sufficiently high power to operate the generator 36 and the associated supply of the electric motors 32 is possible. As a rule, the power of the internal combustion engine 30 in the higher rpm range already suffices by activation of only two of the six cylinders 52 for driving the generator 36. Accordingly, the remaining four cylinders 52 can be deactivated. This can be done for example by switching off the fuel supply or switching off the ignition. The internal combustion engine 30 thus already runs with only about half to one third of the fuel. This has compared to the operation of the motor vehicle 10 only with the internal combustion engine 30 a significant reduction in fuel consumption. In addition, the engine 30 is running at a constant speed. Accordingly, energy-intensive changes in the speed are not necessary.

Finally, in FIG. 8, the operation of both the internal combustion engine 30 and the electric motors 32 is shown simultaneously. This corresponds to a mixed four-wheel drive, so to speak. The internal combustion engine 30 is on the one hand by means of the transmission 34 with the rear axle 20 and the wheels 26 disposed thereon positively connected. Accordingly, the engine 30 drives the wheels 26. On the other hand, the engine 30 is connected to the generator 36. By this sufficient electrical energy for operating the electric motors 32 is provided at the same time. Correspondingly, the electric motors 32 serve to support the drive of the motor vehicle 10 with the aid of the internal combustion engine 30. The controller 40 thereby ensures a corresponding load distribution and a uniform drive of the four wheels 24 and 26 involved. This takes place, for example, by controlling the electric motors 32.

The different operating states of the motor vehicle 10 can be preselected by the driver with the aid of the operating elements 44. Alternatively, certain operating conditions may be automatically selected by the controller 40. For example, starting or driving at relatively low speeds, for example, less than 30 km / h, 60 km / h or even less than 100 km / h exclusively by the electric motors 32nd respectively. This offers a total of enough power to drive, for example, in city traffic.

On the other hand, if, for example, rapid, strong pushing of the gas pedal 46 signals that larger powers are needed, for example, for acceleration, then the controller 40 can additionally couple the internal combustion engine 30 with the rear axle 20 with the aid of the transmission 34 in order to achieve greater power in total to accelerate available. As soon as the acceleration process has ended, the coupling of the internal combustion engine 30 to the rear axle 20 can be deactivated again.

In the present case, four four of the six cylinders 52 of the internal combustion engine 30 were switched off during operation only with the electric motors 32. Alternatively, for example, at higher powers required by the electric motor 32, only two or none of the cylinders 52 can be switched off. Accordingly, although the consumption of the internal combustion engine 30 increases, on the other hand, a higher electric power may optionally be output via the generator 36.

*****

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 motor vehicle

12 chassis

14 drive system

16 bodywork

18 front axle

20 rear axle

22 direction of travel

24 wheel

26 wheel

28 axle section

30 internal combustion engine

32 electric motor

34 gearbox

36 generator

38 line

40 control

42 line

44 control element

46 accelerator pedal

48 brake pedal

50 display

52 cylinders

54 valves

56 crankshaft

58 V-belts

60 line

62 line

64 universal joint

66 Cardan joint

Claims

claims

1. Motor vehicle with a chassis (12), with at least one, preferably two axes each having at least one wheel (24, 26), preferably a plurality, in particular two wheels (24, 26), and a drive system (14) with at least one internal combustion engine (30) and at least one electric motor (32), wherein at least one of the axles and / or one of the wheels (24, 26) is controlled by the at least one electric motor (32) and at least one of the axles and / or one of the wheels (24 , 26) by the at least one internal combustion engine (30) can be driven, characterized in that a generator (36) with the internal combustion engine (30) can be coupled to generate electrical energy for supplying the at least one electric motor (32).

2. Motor vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (30) from the drive of the at least one wheel (24, 26) or the at least one axle is decoupled, while the internal combustion engine (30) the electric motor (32) by means of the generator (36) supplied with electrical energy, and / or that the internal combustion engine (30) at least temporarily only or at least substantially only the generator (36) drives, in particular for supplying the electric motor (3) for driving the at least one wheel (24, 26 ) or the at least one axis, wherein preferably the internal combustion engine (30) with constant or at least substantially constant, preferably at least almost fuel-efficient speed is operable, and / or that the internal combustion engine (30) at least one, preferably a plurality of cylinders (52 ), wherein preferably at least one cylinder (52), preferably a plurality of cylinders (52) in particular pairwise activatable and / or deactivatable si nd.

3. Motor vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a transmission (34), in particular automatic transmission for releasable coupling of the internal combustion engine (30) with at least one of the axes, in particular special drive axles is provided, and / or that at least one, preferably at least one further of the drive axles or wheels (24, 26) by means of the electric motor (32) can be driven, and / or that the electric motor (32) permanently with the drive axle or the wheel (24, 26) is coupled, and / or that all axles or wheels (24, 26) are driven or driven.

4. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that electrical energy is temporarily stored, and / or that at least one energy storage for at least temporary storage or intermediate storage of electrical energy is provided, preferably for storing braking energy, and / or that at least one controller (40) for particular speed and / or load-dependent activation or deactivation of the electric motor (32) and / or the internal combustion engine (30) and / or at least one of the cylinders (52) is provided.

5. A method for driving a motor vehicle (10), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, with a chassis (12) having a plurality, preferably four wheels (24, 26) and preferably at least one axis, wherein at least one of the wheels (24, 26 ) is at least temporarily driven by at least one electric motor (32) and / or at least one internal combustion engine (30), characterized in that the motor vehicle (10) at least at times by the at least one electric motor (32) with at least a part of a with the internal combustion engine (30) coupled generator (36) provided energy is driven.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that the motor vehicle (10) at least temporarily exclusively by the electric motor (32) is driven, and / or that the electric motor (32) to support the internal combustion engine (30) for driving the motor vehicle (10 ) is switched on at least temporarily, in particular speed-dependent and / or load-dependent, and / or that the internal combustion engine (30) to support the electric motor (32) for driving the motor vehicle (10) is switched, in particular speed-dependent, and / or that the motor vehicle (10 ) below a particular predetermined speed value, in particular 60 km / h, optionally exclusively by the at least one electric motor (32) is driven.

7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least for driving the motor vehicle (10) by means of at least one

Electric (32) necessary (electrical) energy is preferably provided directly by the generator (36) and / or by the generator (36) preferably directly to the electric motor (32) is passed, and / or that the internal combustion engine (30) for providing electrical Energy for solely driving the motor vehicle (10) by the electric motor (32) is operated at a constant speed, wherein the speed is preferably in a consumption-optimal range and / or wherein the motor vehicle (10) preferably at least not simultaneously by the internal combustion engine (30 ) or at least temporarily only by the electric motor (32) is driven, and / or that individual or more cylinders (52) of the internal combustion engine (30) at least temporarily deactivated and / or activated, preferably in pairs, in particular speed-dependent and / or load.

8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that preferably two of the wheels (24, 26) in particular a rear axle (20) individually or jointly at least temporarily by the internal combustion engine (30) are preferably driven as a rear-wheel drive, and / or in that preferably two wheels (24, 26), in particular a front axle (18), are driven individually or jointly at least temporarily by the at least one electric motor (32), preferably as front-wheel drive, and / or in that all wheels (24, 26) or Axles simultaneously by the internal combustion engine (30) or the electric motor (32) are driven, preferably as four-wheel drive.

9. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that at least part of the generator (36) provided energy and / or braking energy is supplied to an energy storage and / or is preferably stored in the same, wherein preferably the braking energy during braking of the vehicle (10) is provided by the electric motor (32) and / or preferably at least part of the in the Energy storage stored energy for driving the motor vehicle (10) by means of the electric motor (32) is used.

10. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the operation of the motor vehicle (10) or its drive, in particular the electric motor (32) and / or the internal combustion engine (30) and / or the transmission (34) and / or the intermediate storage and / or the generator (36) is controlled by a controller (40), and / or that the electric motor (32) and / or the internal combustion engine (30) and / or the transmission (34) and / or at least one of the cylinders (52) of the internal combustion engine (30) is activated and / or deactivated, and / or that the internal combustion engine (30) or the generator (36) provides sufficient electrical energy for driving the motor vehicle (10) by means of the electric motor ( 32) is controlled.

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