WO2012013464A2

WO2012013464A2 - Aerial device

Info

Publication number: WO2012013464A2
Application number: PCT/EP2011/061432
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jean-Claude Tourn
Original assignee: Jean-Claude Tourn
Priority date: 2010-07-26
Filing date: 2011-07-06
Publication date: 2012-02-02
Also published as: WO2012013464A3; MC200139A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an aerial device (30) having a structure (31) and a rotary element (34) provided with at least one blade (38), suitable for rotating in relation to the structure, about a rotational axis, wherein the device is provided with a gas generator (40) forming part of the structure and a conduit (50) for guiding the gas produced by the gas generator to an opening (37) at a distance from the rotational axis, for driving the rotation of rotary elements (36) by means of the gas ejected via the opening.

Description

AIR DEVICE

The invention relates to an aerial device comprising a structure and a rotating element, provided with at least one blade, adapted to perform a rotation relative to the structure about an axis of rotation.

The overhead device is adapted to generate, with the rotating element, an aerodynamic force. The device according to the invention can, in itself or connected to a load, operate as an aerodyne.

In the following text, with the word "aerodyne", reference is made to a device capable of evolving within the Earth's atmosphere. The aerodyne, in itself, is heavier than air, but its lift is provided by an aerodynamic force, the lift, produced using one or more blades.

The device according to the invention can, in itself or connected to a load, fly in a manner comparable to that of a helicopter. Helicopters, compared to conventional fixed-wing aircraft, have considerable advantages. The helicopter can hover. This means that the helicopter can maintain a fixed position in flight. This allows him to reach places that would be inaccessible to his

fixed-wing counterpart that almost always uses a runway.

However, compared to airplanes, a helicopter is more complex in design. It is more expensive to buy and use. In addition, a conventional helicopter is provided with a main rotor, whose axis is essentially vertical. This rotor provides lift and also control altitude and pitch and roll of the helicopter. In the case where the main rotor is used on a helicopter, it is rotated by a motor. This action produces a couple on the structure of the helicopter. To compensate for this torque, the helicopter needs a second rotor, usually called a "tail rotor" or "anti-torque rotor". The axis of this second rotor is substantially horizontal. This second rotor prevents the helicopter from turning on itself when the main rotor rotates and makes it possible to control the laces.

In the prior art, several solutions are disclosed to avoid relatively complex construction with a main rotor and a tail rotor. A first solution is proposed by the Russian manufacturer Kamov. Helicopters, named after this manufacturer, use two coaxial lift rotors rotating in opposite directions.

A second proposed solution is that which offers the use of two tandem lift rotors. The first rotor is positioned behind the other. Both rotors rotate in opposite directions. This system was developed by the American Frank Piaseki.

Another helicopter, which can operate without a tail rotor, is marketed under the name "K-Max". It is provided with two main rotors. The two rotors are mounted on the cockpit of the helicopter, forming an angle to neutralize the moment produced by a first rotor using the second rotor.

According to the prior art, the helicopters have proved that it is possible to fly with a helicopter without having a tail rotor, mounted on the rear of the helicopter to neutralize the moment produced by the main rotor of said helicopter.

However, a significant disadvantage of the solutions according to the prior art lies in the fact that their constructions remain relatively complex, and therefore expensive.

Based on the above observations, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an overhead device that can fly, either by itself or connected to a load, in the same way as a conventional helicopter but which is, in comparison, of relatively light and simple construction.

The object of the invention is an overhead device, comprising a structure and a rotating element provided with at least one blade, adapted to perform relative rotation to the structure about an axis of rotation, in which the device is provided. a gas generator forming part of the structure and a conduit for guiding the gas produced by said gas generator to an orifice remote from the axis of rotation to cause the rotation of rotating elements to using the gas ejected through the orifice, wherein the rotating element is fixed on the output of the gas generator by means of a device for the distribution of gas produced by the generator in which the duct is fixed with its inlet to the gas distribution device, wherein the gas distribution device comprises a first tube-shaped portion for guiding the gas produced by the generator to the inlet of the duct and a second portion allowing to ensure the geometry of the device and essentially safe from the heat of the gas to hold the first part. In the text, reference is made to the "generator output". With this word, reference is made to the part of the gas generator from which the hot gas leaves the generator. According to this embodiment, the rotating element is directly attached to the output of the gas generator in order to eject the exhaust gas directly into the duct forming part of the rotating element. The rotating element is fixed on the output of the gas generator by means of a gas distribution device.

According to the invention, air used to rotate the rotating member with respect to a structure is hot because the air used for this purpose consists of the exhaust air of this gas generator. This means that all parts of the rotating element exposed to gas will be exposed to the heat of this gas.

Elements forming part of the rotating element may expand once they are exposed to such heat. It means that,

potentially, the dimensions of several elements change only when the device according to the invention is used.

Changes in the configuration of the rotating elements are not acceptable for a correct use of the device according to the invention. For this reason, the manufacture in two independent parts of the element responsible for the distribution of the gases produced by the gas generator to the conduit has a certain advantage.

The gas distribution device has a first portion, essentially adapted to guide the gas from the gas generator outlet to the duct inlet, which can expand. The distribution system gas has a second part, essentially protected from the heat of gas, whose function is to ensure the dimensions of the gas distribution device and to support the first part exposed to the heat of the gases. The second part allows, in this way, to ensure that the expansion of the first part has no effect on, for example, the angulation of the motor arms and blades relative to the structure. The second part is adapted to transmit the forces between the rotating element and the structure on which said rotating element is fixed, in particular on the output of the generator.

According to a preferred embodiment, the first part of the device for the distribution of gas can expand relative to the second part without changing the dimensions of the second part. To ensure a correct configuration of the structure and the rotating part, according to a preferred embodiment, the rotating element is fixed on the output of the gas generator using the second part of the device for the distribution of gas. It is noted that in the text reference is made to "motor arms".

With this sentence, reference is made to the pipes adapted to conduct gas, generated by a generator, towards an orifice for ejection. Such an engine arm can be constructed using any material adapted to withstand heat such as stainless steel, inconel or ceramic.

According to a preferred embodiment, the generator is positioned in the device with its central axis concentric with the axis of rotation of the rotating element. The result of this embodiment lies in the fact that the rotating element is actuated by a jet of gas expelled by the orifice at the end of the conduit. This jet of gas is the product of a stream of air generated and guided in the rotating element itself. This means that the production of this jet of gas does not result in a resulting moment, which must be neutralized by an additional rotor. In addition, the output of the gas generator rotates relative to the structure. This has the advantage that the device according to the invention does not need complicated connections to guide the air flow of a generator, forming part of a stationary element of the device, in the direction of a rotating element.

This measurement makes it possible to have the shortest gas path possible, by limiting the pressure drops and by limiting the possibility for the gas to increase the temperature of the various elements of the device.

As a result, the construction of the device according to the invention can be relatively easy and therefore relatively economical.

It is possible to imagine, as alternatives, that the blades are put at the end of the motor arms.

According to the invention, a separation is made between the blades used to produce an aerodynamic surface and thus create the lift for the device according to the invention and the motor arms which are used to eject the gas away from the axis of rotation of the rotating element.

A first advantage of this solution lies in the fact that the heat of the gas ejected by the generator is kept away from the blades. This means that the builder retains full freedom for the construction of the blades, without the need to use a material capable of withstanding high temperature. In addition, the motor arms being present, they can thus be connected in a fixed manner to the rotating element. In order to control the lift, the angle of incidence of the blades is variable. This means that the blades are mounted on the rotating member so as to allow their rotation relative to the structure. The motor arms are not necessary for the variation of the angle of incidence.

Due to the fact that the system is relatively simple, and therefore relatively economical, the device according to the invention can be used to

transport, on an ad hoc basis and automatically, any type of load, for example humanitarian, first aid, food, water to fight fires, ammunition, research systems, etc.

The device according to the invention is thus particularly suitable for agricultural work, for example for the dispersion of fertilizers on the ground. In addition, the device according to the invention can take off and land vertically, which means that the device can be used over impassable or hostile terrain. The great advantage of the construction of the device according to the invention lies in the fact that this device has none of the heavy, complex and expensive elements that generally make up helicopters. This means that items such as the clutch for the main rotor and the tail rotor, the main gearbox at the rear, and so on. are no longer needed.

According to a preferred embodiment, the structure comprises a first static part making it possible to fix the aerial device on a support and a second mobile part for fixing the gas generator, wherein the first static portion and the second movable portion are connected with a gimbal. The presence of a cardan between a first part of the structure, fixed on a support, and a second part of the structure comprising the gas generator, greatly facilitates the operation of the structure of the device according to the invention. In this construction, there is no longer any articulation between the gas generator and the part of the rotating element to which the blades are fixed. Thanks to the presence of a universal joint, the entire gas generator, the gas distribution device, the motor arms and the blades become a single module. In other words, the various elements of said module can be assembled under ideal conditions before the assembly itself is fixed on a structure. This has advantages for assembly and maintenance when using the device according to the invention. In a preferred embodiment, the motor arm is profiled to participate in the lift generated by the rotating element. Motor arms with an aerodynamic profile can assist in the production of lift.

In a preferred embodiment, the rotating member is connected to the structure by a gimbal. The effect of this measurement is that Coriolis forces are avoided.

According to a preferred embodiment, the structure is adapted to fix the overhead device on a load. Such a charge may be the shape of a cabin which, combined with the device according to the invention, could look like a traditional helicopter.

Alternatively, the device according to the invention can be fixed on all kinds of loads. As examples:

containers

land or sea vehicles,

construction materials,

a quantity of water, in the case where the device according to the invention is brought to be used in the fight against fires.

It should be understood that the device according to the invention can be used to move a multitude of other loads. According to a preferred embodiment, the device is provided with a remote control for remotely controlling the lift generated by the rotating element. It should be noted that it is possible for the device according to the invention to operate autonomously. In this case, the device is, for example, controlled by computer-assisted management in combination with a GPS system. This measurement means that the device according to the invention can be used without a person being obliged to control it.

In a second step, the invention relates to an aerodyne provided with an aerial device according to the invention.

The details and advantages of the device according to the invention will appear more clearly on reading the text with reference to the following drawings, in which: - Figure 1 shows a conventional helicopter, according to the prior art;

- Figure 2 shows a helicopter "K-Max",

FIG. 3 shows an overhead device according to the invention,

FIG. 4 shows in detail the positioning of the gas generator in the aerial device according to the invention, according to a first embodiment,

FIG. 5 shows a detail of the connection of the gas generator to the gas distribution device,

FIG. 6 shows the upper part of a structural casing which is part of the gas distribution device,

FIG. 7 shows the lower part of a housing which is part of the gas distribution device,

FIG. 8 shows the vertical part of a housing which is part of the gas distribution device,

FIGS. 9a, 9b and 9c show Y-shaped pipes forming part of the gas distribution device,

FIG. 10 shows, in schematic form, a motor arm making it possible to show the offset between the rotating center of the motor arms and the forces acting on said motor arms,

- Figure 1 1 shows the attachment of the rotating part, including the gas generator, on a structure with a gimbal,

FIGS. 12a, 12b and 12c show a first mode of

realization of an engine arm having at its output elements for guiding the gases towards the exit of the arm,

FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment of an engine arm,

FIG. 14 shows in detail the output of the motor arm according to FIG. 13,

- Figure 15 shows in detail the inside of the arm outlet

motor according to Figure 14, FIG. 16 shows a device for distributing gases for the use of several gas generators, and

- Figure 17 shows a possible positioning of gas generators when using two, three or four gas generators.

Figure 1 shows a conventional helicopter according to the prior art.

The helicopter 1 provided with a main rotor 2 and provided with an additional tail rotor 3 at the rear of the helicopter. Main rotor 2 produces a resultant moment (A) on the helicopter. The helicopter 1 needs the second rotor 3 to produce a moment in the direction (B) to neutralize the resulting moment (A) of the main rotor.

The main rotor 2 and the tail rotor 3 each need heavy and complex elements, such as a clutch, a gearbox, fuselage, etc. This means that the construction of a helicopter according to the prior art, with a main rotor 2 and a tail rotor 3, represents a relatively expensive construction. Figure 2 shows a helicopter according to the "K-Max" principle.

The helicopter 10 is provided with a first rotor 1 1 and a second rotor 12. The rotors 1 1 and 12 are mounted such that they form an angle between them. The rotor 11 produces a moment resulting (A) neutralized by the moment (B) generated by the rotor 12.

FIG. 3 shows a first embodiment of an overhead module 30 according to the invention. The overhead device 30 comprises a structure 31 for fixing the device 30 on a support such as a load. This structure 31 is provided with fasteners 32 for connecting the device 30 with a load.

In addition, the structure 31 itself is provided with an element 33 for receiving the propulsion element of the device 30, such as a gas generator (see Figure 4). The structure 31 is adapted to form a static element of the device 30 according to the invention.

In a second step, the overhead device 30, according to FIG. 3, comprises a rotary element 34. The element 34 is adapted to rotate relative to the structure 31 about an axis of rotation.

The rotary member 34 comprises a gas distribution device 35. This gas distribution device 35 is directly connected to the gas generator.

Two motor arms 36 are directly fixed on the gas distribution device 35, each of them being provided, at their end, with an orifice 37 (see FIG. 4) adapted for gas ejection in a direction essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the motor arms 36.

As indicated in FIG. 3, the blades 38 are fixed to the head of the non-oscillating rotor 39. FIG. 3 also shows the presence of a cardan for fixing the rotary element 34 on the construction 31. The reference numeral 44 makes it possible to indicate the first axis of this gimbal, the reference numeral 45 makes it possible to indicate the second axis of said gimbal. The presence of the gimbal allows the rotation of the entire gas generator inside the element 33 with, on it fixed the gas distribution element 35 and the motor arm 36, itself fixed with the blades 38 on the rotor head 39, to be as oriented module relative to the structure 31. This possibility greatly facilitates construction and avoids the creation of Coriollis forces.

FIG. 3 also shows the presence of a swashplate 46. Reference numeral 47 makes it possible to indicate elements for fixing a motor brain. Reference numeral 353 is used to indicate the presence of the mat which is part of the structuring element of the rotary element 34. The shape and function of this mat 353 are described in detail with reference to FIG. 8.

The motor arms 36 are used to create a distance between the axis of rotation of the rotating member 34 and the orifices 37 for ejecting gases. The rotating element 34 also comprises blades 38. Each of the blades 38 is mounted on the rotating element 34 to allow a variation of the angle of incidence of the blades 38. The blades 38 have a symmetrical or asymmetric profile and act as rotation following the same principle as the wings of an airplane. The rotating element 34 always rotating at constant angular velocity, it is the variation of the angle of incidence of the blades 38, in other words the angle formed between the rope of the blades 38 and the relative wind, which causes a modification of the position of the aircraft. To mount with the device 30, at constant speed, the incidence of the blades is increased. On the contrary, to descend, the angle of incidence of the blades 38 is decreased.

Alternatively, the angle of the blades 38 would be fixed and the angular speed of the blades 38 would be modified to thereby modify the sustenance produced by said blades 38. The use of a gas generator to rotate the blades blades 38 offers this possibility not to modify the incidence of the blades 38 but to modify the tension by modifying the angular speed of the blades 38. It should be understood that a combination of the modifications of the blades 38 with a modification of the angular speed of the blades 38 is also conceivable.

The option that the blades 38 are fixed offers the advantage of a very simple construction in which the use of any means to change the incidence of the blades 38 can be avoided. This solution is technically simple and very inexpensive.

The construction of the device 30 according to FIG. 3 shows that with the device 30 it is possible to create a lift with the blades 38, without a reaction torque being carried on the structure 31. This is the reason why the device 30 according to FIG. 3 can be fixed directly on a support such as a load and the assembly can fly without resorting to means to compensate for this torque. On the other hand, the presence of a jibe can be considered. This jibe is useful in the sense that all the rotating parts used in the aerial device according to the invention have a certain friction. This friction can generate residual forces that can be compensated by the use of said jibe. The presence of a jibe also helps control laces.

The structure 31 shown in Figure 3 may, for this reason, be used as a means of propulsion, relatively simple and therefore relatively economical. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the construction of the device according to the invention allows the shortest path of the gases, from the output of the generator to the motor arms 36. In Figure 4, some elements of the device 30 according to Figure 3 are shown in more detail. Number 40 schematically represents a gas generator. This produces a stream of air which will be used to drive, in rotation, the element 34 relating to the structure 31. The gas produced by the gas generator 40 is forced towards the gas distribution device 35. As described with reference to FIG. 3, this gas distribution arrangement 35 is part of the rotating element 34.

The construction with the gas distribution device 35 which is part of the rotating element 34 allows the passage of air to the motor arms 36 towards the orifices 37 without the need for any complicated or expensive connection.

The device 30 according to FIGS. 3 and 4 shows that the reactor is essentially positioned in a vertical manner, concentric with the mat of the blades 38. The exhaust gases are directly ejected in the driving arms 36.

The details of the construction of the gas distribution device will be described with reference to FIGS. 5-9.

The gas distribution device 35 firstly comprises a housing having an upper portion 351, a lower portion 352 and a substantially vertical portion 353. These three members 351, 352 and 353 are shown in detail in FIGS. 8.

The upper member 351 and lower member 352 of the housing are connected at their ends by ring-shaped members 354. In FIG. 4, a single ring 354 is shown. The elements 351, 352, 353 and 354 together form a housing that provides the geometry of the gas distribution device. In their interior, the elements 351, 352, 353 and 354 contain a "Y" -shaped pipe 50. This "Y" shaped pipe 50 conducts the gases produced by the gas generator 40 towards the inlet of the motor arms. 36. This means that the pipe 50 is exposed to very high gas temperatures which can

increase to 750 ° C for example.

It is inevitable that the pipe 50, when exposed to very high temperatures, will expand. In other words, the dimensions of the pipe 50 will increase. When using the device according to the invention, it should be ensured that the external dimensions of the gas distribution device are maintained even if the temperature increases significantly within the gas distribution device.

The second part 351, 352, 353 and 354, which makes it possible to ensure that the outer dimensions of the device are maintained, is used to transfer the force between the rotating part and the structure on which the rotating part is fixed.

For this reason, according to the invention, a significant separation is achieved between the "Y" -shaped pipe 50 and the elements 351, 352, 353 and 354 forming the casing of the gas distribution device 35. In order to achieve this goal , the elements connected to the gas distribution device 35 are directly connected to one of the elements 351, 352, 353 or 354. This means that the gas distribution device is, in its lower part, connected to the rest of the structure only with the element 353. This will be better appreciated with reference to FIG. 4. The motor arms are directly connected to the ring 354.

For their part, the ends of the "Y" -shaped pipe 50 are in sealing contact with the inner walls of the elements 354 and 353. On the other hand, the ends of the "Y" -shaped pipe 50 are not fixed. against the walls. This means that the connections between the ends of the "Y" shaped pipe 50 and the inside of the walls of the elements 353 and 354 allow some displacement of the "Y" shaped pipe 50 with respect to the wall and this in order to allow the expansion of the "Y" shaped pipe 50.

By using the structure as shown in FIG. 4, the gas distribution device 35 therefore includes a housing for providing the outer geometry of the gas distribution device 35 with a pipe in its interior. of "Y" 50 which is fixed inside said casing in a "floating" manner.

The connections between the output of the generator 40 and the gas distribution device 35 are shown in detail in FIG. 5. The hot gases leaving the generator 40 penetrate directly into a space of which the walls are indicated with the reference numerals 60. The end of this pipe is indicated with reference numeral 61 and, as the hot gases exit near this outlet 61, they enter the interior of the "Y" shaped pipe 50.

In FIG. 5, it is shown that the "Y" -shaped pipe 50, at its end 51, is caught between, in its exterior, the wall of the element 353 of the gas distribution device 35 and, in its interior , the wall 60 which guides gases leaving the generator 40 towards the motor arms 36. The end 51 of the "Y" shaped pipe 50 is held with some force against the inside of the element 353, without being fixed to this wall. This means that some movement of the end 51 of the "Y" -shaped pipe 50 is possible to allow expansion, as described with reference to FIG. 4.

Between the portion 51 of the "Y" shaped pipe 50 and the outside of the wall 60, a seal is present. This seal has the function of preventing hot gases from entering the space between the wall 60 and the element 353.

The element 353 can pivot relative to the wall 60 thanks to the presence of a ball bearing 70. This ball bearing 70 is, with its interior, connected to the element 41, itself attached to the generator of gas 40 and, with its exterior, connected to the portion 353, itself part of the gas distribution device.

In order to ensure proper fixation, elements 80 and 81 are present in order to correctly connect the elements to each other. In Figure 5, it is shown that between the element 80 and the inside of the wall of the element 353, another seal 83 is present. The presence of this other seal 83 is very important because it protects the ball bearing 70. When using the device according to the invention, the ball bearing 70 may become relatively hot. In order to prevent this rise in temperature of said ball bearing 70, several measurements are possible. At first, it must be avoided that hot air can enter the space between the walls 60 and the element 353. That is why the seals 62 and 83 are important. In a second step, to prevent the ball bearing 70 from becoming too hot, it is necessary to create an insulation between the inside of the wall 60 and the ball bearing 70 itself.

In FIG. 5, this insulation has been created thanks to a pipe 90, in the form of helices, for guiding fuel between the inside of the wall 60 and the inside of the ball bearing 70.

The presence of the pipe 90 has two effects. The fuel that is guided inside the pipe 90 can remove heat before it reaches the ball bearing 70. An additional effect is that the fuel inside the pipe 90 can to be heated which increases the efficiency of the gas generator 40.

Alternatively, it is possible to avoid the heat conduction of the wall 60 to the ball bearing 70 by positioning the pipe 90 inside the part 42. With this embodiment, the pipe 90 can reduce the heat present on this piece 42 before this heat does heat the ball bearing 70. Another alternative is to provide a sufficiently open structure to allow air to enter the interior of the structure,

sufficiently close to the ball bearing 70 to reduce heat once the rotating part is rotated. In order to ensure correct operation, the ball bearing 70 comprises for example ceramic (Si3N4). If the presence of the seals 62 and 83, and the presence of the pipe 90, is not sufficient to protect the ball bearing 70, it is conceivable to inject compressed air around the ball bearing 70 and this to remove heat and cool said ball bearing 70.

In Figure 6, the upper member 351 of the gas distribution device 35 is shown. The element 351 is adapted to be connected to the vertical element 353 of the gas distribution device 35 by using the part 1 10 of this element 353 (see FIG. 8).

The element 351 is provided with two ends 360 and 361 making it possible to fix rings making it possible to ensure contact with the ends 370 and 371 of the element 352, as shown in FIG. 7. The element 351 has a central portion essentially circular 363 for fixing, in its upper part, the construction comprising blades 38.

Figure 7 shows the lower element 352 of the gas distribution device 35. This element 352 is adapted to be fixed, with its ends 370 and 371, to the ends 360 and 361 of the element 351 by means of rings. In addition, the element 352 is also adapted to be fixed on the elements 1 1 1 forming an integral part of the element 353 as shown in FIG. 8.

Figures 4, 6, 7 and 8 show that the housing which aims to ensure the outer geometry of the gas distribution device 35 has a relatively open structure for said housing does not present a closed space in its interior and can be easily cooled by air around the gas distribution device 35. The housing provides the transfer forces between the rotating part and the structure on which said rotating part is fixed, in particular the gas generator 40.

In Figures 9a, 9b and 9c, the "Y" shaped pipe 50 is shown in more detail. The "Y" shaped pipe 50 has a first pipe 51 and a second pipe 52, connected together to form the portion 53 which constitutes the lower part of the pipe 50.

In FIG. 9b, it is clearly visible that the pipes 51 and 52 are positioned so that their central axis is offset relative to each other. This is described in detail with reference to FIG.

FIG. 10 schematically shows a motor arm 36 relative to its axis of rotation 120. It is also shown that the two motor arms 36 are offset with respect to this axis of rotation 120. The effect of this positioning is as follows. The gases leaving the output of the motor arm 36 are indicated, schematically, with reference numeral 130. The output of the gases will generate, on the end of the motor arm 36, a force indicated with the reference number F1. With its offset longitudinal axis, the motor arm has its center of gravity 121 at a distance from a line 140 forming the central line of the two motor arms 36.

Once in rotation, the centrifugal force on the motor arm 36 is indicated with the reference number F2. This centrifugal force F2 has a first component F3 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the motor arm 36. This force F3 helps to compensate, at least in part, the force F1 exerted on the end of the motor arm 36. In FIG. 11, an embodiment of the device 30 according to the invention is shown, in which the rotating part 34 is fixed on a structure 31 in order to fix the device 30 on a support in which said structure 31 comprises a first part static 150 and a second movable portion 151. Part 151 is the part of the structure intended to support the gas generator 40, in a fixed position with respect to the rotating part 34. This means that the rotating part 34 including the gas distribution device 35, the arms motor 36 and the blades 38 can rotate about an axis relative to the gas generator 40 which is itself held inside the movable part 151.

The assembly consisting of the rotating part 34, with the gas generator 40 and the movable part 151 of the structure 31, is fixed to the static part 150 of the structure 31 by means of a cardan 160. The structure as shown in FIG. Figure 1 1 has the important advantage of simplifying the structure of the device 30 according to the invention.

In a first step, with the construction shown in Figure 1 1, there is no articulation between the gas generator 40 and the central element 170 for both sides, to fix a blade 38. The element 170 is fixed directly on the upper part 351 of the device 35 of distribution of gases.

With the construction shown in FIG. 11, the assembly of the gas generator 40, the gas distribution device 35, the motor arms 36 and the blades 38 becomes a module. This means that the different elements of said module can be assembled in ideal conditions before the assembly is fixed on a structure 31. This has advantages for assembly and for maintenance when the device 30 according to the invention is used. When using the device 30 according to Figure 1 1, the inclination is determined by the blades 38. All the rotating portion 34, held by the movable portion 151 of the structure 31, follows the inclination indicated by the blades 38 In other words, the Coriolis forces no longer exist in the construction as shown in FIG. In principle, this Coriolis force is a source of vibration which, according to the structure shown in FIG. 11, can be avoided. The fact that the arms are fixed on the rotating element has the effect that the plane of rotation of the blades 38 and the motor arms 36 is always parallel. The plane of rotation of the blades 38 and the motor arms 36 being parallel, this has the effect that the air flow around the blades 38 and the motor arms 36 is perfectly predictable. The air flow around the motor arms has no adverse effect on the airflow around the blades and vice versa.

In Figures 12a, 12b and 12c, an embodiment of a motor arm 36 according to the invention is shown. Figure 12b shows the motor arm 36, seen from above. Figures 12a and 12c show the two side views.

The motor arm 36 is provided at its end with an outlet 37 (see FIG. 12c). To ensure that the force obtained by hot gases leaving this outlet 36 is optimal, a guide element 180 is positioned inside the motor arm 36. This guide element 180 has the function of a wing which can guiding at least a portion of the hot gases towards the outlet 37. The presence of this guide element 180 can avoid the creation of an overpressure inside the motor arm near the outlet 37 of said motor arm. The presence of a guide member 180 improves the flow of air to the outlet 37. FIGS. 12a, 12b and 12c show the profile of the motor arm 36. In its interior, the intersection of the motor arm 36 can vary in order to optimize the transport of the hot gases inside the motor arm 36 towards the outlet 37.

For example, the intersection 365 at the inlet of the motor arm 36 could be essentially circular.

Reference numeral 366 indicates an ellipse that represents the shape of a motor arm section 36 in a portion toward the outlet 37. The shape of the motor arm is flattened to generate less resistance by turning.

The motor arm 36 may have an aerodynamic profile to generate a certain lift with the motor arm.

Figures 13, 14 and 15 show details of an alternative embodiment of a motor arm 36 '. This motor arm is provided with several wings 181 and 182 near the outlet 37 '. The exact shape of these wings 181 and 182 is shown in FIGS. 14 and 15.

Figure 15 shows the detail of an end of the wing 181, as shown in Figure 14. At its inlet 365 ', the motor arm 36' has, for example, a circular intersection. More advanced, indicated with reference number 366 ', the motor arm is flattened.

In order to function properly, the device 30 according to the invention can work in combination with for example two, three, four (or more) gas generators. In Fig. 16, an inverted Y-shaped structure is shown with reference numeral 190. In its lower part, the element 190 could, for example, be connected to two independent gas generators. A central valve 191 can be used to let gases, either a first gas generator or a second gas, or sets of two gas generators into a central portion 192. At the central portions 192, a gas distribution device 35 can be connected.

In Figure 17, several other configurations are shown in which two, three or four gas generators can be used.

Claims

An overhead device, comprising a structure and a rotating element provided with at least one blade, adapted to effect a rotation relative to the structure about an axis of rotation, wherein the device is provided with a gas generator forming part of the structure and a conduit for guiding the gas produced by said gas generator to an orifice remote from the axis of rotation to cause the rotation of rotating elements with the gas ejected through the orifice , characterized in that the rotating element is fixed on the output of the gas generator by means of a device for the distribution of gas produced by the generator in which the duct is fixed with its inlet to the gas distribution device , in which the gas distribution device comprises a first tube-shaped part for guiding the gas produced by the generator towards the inlet of the duct and a second part for ensuring the geo metry of the device and essentially safe from the heat of the gases to hold the first part.

2. An aerial device according to claim 1, wherein the first part of the device for the distribution of gas can expand relative to the second part without changing the dimensions of the second part.

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the element

rotating is attached to the output of the gas generator using the second part of the device for the distribution of gas.

4. An overhead device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the generator is positioned in the device with its axis.

concentric to the axis of rotation of the rotating element.

An overhead device according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the structure comprises a first static part for fixing the overhead device on a support and a second movable part for fixing the gas generator, wherein the first static part and the second mobile part are connected by means of a gimbal.

6. An overhead device according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the motor arm is profiled to participate in the lift generated by the rotating member.

7. An overhead device according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the structure is adapted to fix the overhead device on a load.

8. An overhead device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the device is provided with a remote control for remotely controlling the lift generated by the rotating member.

9. Aerodyne provided with an overhead device according to one of the

Claims 1 to 8.