WO2012009311A2 - Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012009311A2 WO2012009311A2 PCT/US2011/043632 US2011043632W WO2012009311A2 WO 2012009311 A2 WO2012009311 A2 WO 2012009311A2 US 2011043632 W US2011043632 W US 2011043632W WO 2012009311 A2 WO2012009311 A2 WO 2012009311A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- seat
- activation
- specific gravity
- activation ball
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000952 Be alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001774 Perfluoroether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006026 co-polymeric resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethene Chemical group C=C.FC(F)=C(F)F QHSJIZLJUFMIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells
- E21B23/04—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion
- E21B23/0413—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing, or removing tools, packers or the like in the boreholes or wells operated by fluid means, e.g. actuated by explosion using means for blocking fluid flow, e.g. drop balls or darts
Definitions
- the invention generally relates to a method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball.
- At least one perforating gun may be deployed into the well via a deployment mechanism, such as a wireline or a coiled tubing string. Shaped charges of the perforating gun(s) may then be fired when the gun(s) are appropriately positioned to form perforating tunnels into the surrounding formation and possibly perforate a casing of the well, if the well is cased. Additional operations may be performed in the well to increase the well's permeability, such as well stimulation operations and operations that involve hydraulic fracturing, acidizing, etc. During these operations, various downhole tools may be used, which require activation and/or deactivation. As non- limiting examples, these tools may include fracturing valves, expandable underreamers and liner hangers.
- a system in an embodiment, includes a tubular string that is adapted to be deployed downhole in a well and an activation ball.
- the activation ball is adapted to be deployed in the tubular string to lodge in a seat of the string.
- the ball includes a spherical body, which is formed from a metallic material that has a specific gravity less than about 2.0.
- a technique in another embodiment, includes deploying an activation ball in a downhole tubular string in a well.
- the activation ball includes a spherical body, which is formed from a metallic material that has a specific gravity less than about 2.0.
- the technique includes communicating the ball through a passageway of the string until the ball lodges in a seat of the string to form an obstruction (or fluid tight barrier); and using the obstruction to pressurize a region of the tubular string.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a well according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a flow diagram depicting a technique using an activation ball in a well according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIGs. 3A, 3B and 3C are cross-sectional views of an exemplary ball activated tool.
- Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an activation ball in accordance with embodiments disclosed herein.
- a light weight activation ball to activate a downhole tool.
- Such an activation ball may be used in a well 10 that is depicted in Fig. 1.
- the well 10 includes a wellbore 12 that extends through one or more reservoir formations.
- the wellbore 12 may be a deviated or horizontal wellbore, in accordance with other embodiments of the invention.
- a tubular string 20 extends into the wellbore 12 and includes packers 22, which are radially expanded, or "set,” for purposes of forming corresponding annular seal(s) between the outer surface of the tubular string 20 and the wellbore wall.
- completion operations may be performed in one zone 30 at a time for purposes of performing such completion operations as fracturing, stimulation, acidizing, etc., depending on the particular implementation.
- the tubular string 20 includes tools that are selectively operated using activation balls 36.
- the downhole tools are sleeve valves 33.
- each sleeve valve 33 is associated with a given zone 30 and includes a sleeve 34 that is operated via an activation ball 36 to selectively open the sleeve 34.
- the sleeve valves 33 are all initially configured to be closed when run downhole. Referring to Fig. 3A in conjunction with Fig.
- the sleeve 34 when closed (as depicted in zones 30b and 30c), the sleeve 34 covers radial ports 32 (formed in a housing 35 of the sleeve valve 33, which is concentric with the tubular string 30) to block fluid communication between a central passageway 21 of the tubular string 20 and the annulus of the associated zone 30.
- the sleeve valve 33 has associated seals (o-rings, for example) for purposes of sealing off fluid communication through the radial ports 32.
- the sleeve valve 33 may be opened by deployment of a given activation ball 36, as depicted in zone 30a of Fig. 1. [0014] Referring to Fig. 3B in conjunction with Fig.
- a given activation ball 36 is deployed from the surface of the well and travels downhole (in the direction of arrow "A") through the central passageway 21 to eventually lodge in a seat 38 of the sleeve 34 and block a central passageway 39 of the sleeve valve 33.
- the seats 38 of the sleeve valves 33 are graduated such that the inner diameters of the seats 38 become progressively smaller from the surface of the well toward the end, or toe, of the wellbore 12. Due to the graduated openings, a series of varying diameter activation balls 36 may be used to select and activate a given sleeve valve. In this manner, for the exemplary arrangement described herein, the smallest outer diameter activation ball 36 is first deployed into the central passageway 21 of the tubular string 20 for purposes of activating the lowest sleeve valve. For the example depicted in Fig.
- the activation ball 36 that is used to activate the sleeve valve 33 for the zone 30a is thereby smaller than the corresponding activation ball 36 (not shown) that is used to activate the sleeve valve 33 for the zone 30b.
- an activation ball 36 (not shown) that is of a yet larger outer diameter may be used activate the sleeve valve 33 for the zone 30c, and so forth.
- Fig. 1 depicts a system of varying, fixed diameter seats 38
- a tubular string may contain valve seats that are selectively placed in "object catching states" by hydraulic control lines, for example.
- a tubular string includes at least one downhole tool that is activated by an activation ball, which is deployed through a passageway of the string.
- Removing a given activation ball 36 from its seat 38 may be used to relieve the pressure differential resulting from the obstruction of the passageway 37 (see Fig. 3C) through the sleeve valve 33.
- a seated actuation ball 36 may be removed from the seat 38 in a number of different ways.
- the activation ball 36 may be made of a drillable material so that activation ball 36 may be milled to allow fluid flow through the central passageway 21.
- the valve seat 38, the sleeve 34 or the activation ball 36 may be constructed from a deformable material, such that the activation ball 36 may be extruded through the seat 38 at a higher pressure, thereby opening the central passageway 21.
- the flow of fluid through the central passageway 21 may be reversed so that the activation ball 36 may be pushed upwardly through the central passageway 21 toward the surface of the well.
- a reverse circulation flow may be established between the central passageway 21 and the annulus to retrieve the ball 36 to the surface of the well.
- the activation ball 36 is non-destructably removed from the well so that both the activation ball 36 and the corresponding sleeve valve may be reused.
- the activation ball 36 When the activation ball 36 is retrieved by flowing fluid upwardly through the central passageway 21, the activation ball 36 may have a particular specific gravity so that upwardly flowing fluid can remove the activation ball 36 from the seat 38. While the specific gravity of the activation ball 36 may be a relatively important constraint, the activation ball 36 should be able to withstand the impact of seating in the seat 38, the building of a pressure differential across the ball 36 and the higher temperatures present in the downhole environment. The failure of the activation ball 36 to maintain its shape and structure during use may lead to failure of the downhole tool, such as the sleeve valve.
- deformation of the activation ball 36 under impact loads, high pressure for high temperatures may conceivably prevent the activation ball 36 from properly sealing against the seat 38, thereby preventing the effective buildup of a pressure differential.
- the deformation of the activation ball 36 may cause the activation ball 36 to slide through the seat 38 and to become lodged in the sleeve 34, such that it may be relatively challenging to remove the activation ball 36.
- the activation ball 36 may have the following specific physical properties. Specifically, the activation ball 36 may have a particular specific gravity so that the upward flowing fluid can remove the activation ball 36 from the seat 38 and carry it upward through central passageway 21. While the specific gravity of the activation ball 36 may be a relatively important constraint, the activation ball 36 may also be able to withstand the impact of seating in the downhole tool, the building of a pressure differential across the activation ball 36, and the high temperatures of a downhole environment. Failure of the activation ball 36 to maintain its shape and structure during use may lead to failure of the downhole tool.
- deformation of the activation ball 36 under impact loads, high pressures, or high temperatures may prevent activation ball 36 from properly sealing against seat 38, thereby preventing the effective build up of a pressure differential.
- deformation of the activation ball 36 may cause the activation ball 36 to slide through the seat 38 and to become lodged in the sleeve 34, such that conventional means of removing activation ball 112 may be ineffective.
- Traditional activation balls may be solid spheres, which are constructed from plastics, such as for example, polyetheretherketone, or fiber-reinforced plastics, such as, for example, fiber-reinforced phenolic. While a traditional activation ball may meet specific gravity requirements, inconsistency in material properties between batches may present challenges such that the activation balls may be overdesigned so that their strength ratings, pressure ratings and temperature ratings are conservative.
- the activation ball 36 is a light weight ball, which permits the ball 36 to have desired strength properties while being light enough to allow removal of the ball 36 from the well.
- a technique 50 includes deploying (block 52) a light weight activation ball, such as a metallic activation ball that has a specific gravity less than about 2.0, into a tubular string in a well and allowing (block 54) the ball to lodge in a seat of the string.
- the technique 50 includes using (block 56) an obstruction created by the activation ball lodging in the seat to increase fluid pressure in the tubular string and using (block 58) the increased fluid pressure to activate a downhole tool.
- Activation ball 200 includes a spherical body 202 formed from a metallic material, wherein the metallic material has a specific gravity less than about 2.0. In certain embodiments, the specific gravity of spherical body 202 may be between about 1.0 and about 1.9.
- the metallic material of spherical body 202 may be a metallic alloy such as, for example, beryllium alloy, aluminum alloy, or magnesium alloy. Beryllium alloys having a specific gravity of about 1.85, aluminum alloys having a specific gravity of about 2.8, and magnesium alloys having a specific gravity of about 1.8 may be used. A magnesium aluminum alloy may also be used, having a specific gravity of about 1.8.
- a coating 206 may be disposed over an outer surface 204 of spherical body 202.
- Coating 206 may be formed from a corrosion resistant material such as, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy copolymer resin, fluorinated ethylene propylene resin, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ceramic material, and/or an epoxy-based coating material.
- coating 206 may include Fluorolon® 610-E, available from Southwest Impreglon of Houston, TX.
- Coating 206 may be applied to outer surface 204 of spherical body 202 using any method for applying a coating.
- coating 206 may be applied to outer surface 204 of spherical body 202 by dipping spherical body 202 in the coating material, spraying the coating material onto outer surface 204, or rolling spherical body 202 in the coating material.
- a thickness, t, of coating 206 may be between about 0.001 and about 0.005 inches.
- coating 206 may include a plating that is applied to outer surface
- Activation ball 200 including coating 206 may have an overall specific gravity less than 2.00 and, in certain embodiments, the overall specific gravity of activation ball 200 may be between 1.00 and 1.85.
- an activation ball formed from a metallic alloy in accordance with embodiments disclosed herein may provide increased bearing strength and impact resistance when compared with traditional activation balls formed from plastic or composite materials.
- Plastic and composite materials degrade quickly under high pressures and temperatures, and the degradation can be difficult to predict.
- metallic alloys are able to withstand relatively high pressures and temperatures, and material properties of metallic alloys under high pressures and temperatures are well understood.
- an activation ball in accordance with embodiments disclosed herein may be designed to withstand high temperatures and pressures without overdesigning to account for uncertainties in material behavior.
- an activation ball as disclosed herein may be more reliable than a plastic or composite activation ball, and may be more durable in a downhole environment.
- activation ball materials such as plastics and composites are not easily plated or coated, and as such, a traditional activation ball is not protected from the high pressures and temperatures of a downhole environment.
- An activation ball in accordance with the embodiments disclosed herein having a spherical body formed from a metallic material can be coated, plated, and/or surface treated to improve properties such as impact and bearing strength, corrosion resistance, abrasion resistance, and surface finish. Because the behavior of metallic alloys under high pressures and temperatures is predictable, as discussed above, activation balls in accordance with the present application can be designed to have less contact area between the activation ball and a corresponding bearing area.
- activation balls disclosed herein may allow for an increased number of ball activated downhole tools to be used on a single drill string.
- approximately twelve fracturing valves such as sleeve valve 34 (Fig. 1), for example
- approximately eight fracturing valves may be used in series with traditional activation balls.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2011800372920A CN103038443A (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball |
CA2804871A CA2804871A1 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball |
RU2013105718/03A RU2013105718A (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR USING AN ACTIVATION BALL IN A WELL |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US36354710P | 2010-07-12 | 2010-07-12 | |
US61/363,547 | 2010-07-12 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012009311A2 true WO2012009311A2 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
WO2012009311A3 WO2012009311A3 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
Family
ID=45437761
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2011/043632 WO2012009311A2 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120006561A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103038443A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2804871A1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2013105718A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012009311A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20110198096A1 (en) * | 2010-02-15 | 2011-08-18 | Tejas Research And Engineering, Lp | Unlimited Downhole Fracture Zone System |
US20120006562A1 (en) | 2010-07-12 | 2012-01-12 | Tracy Speer | Method and apparatus for a well employing the use of an activation ball |
US20140251594A1 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2014-09-11 | Weatherford/Lamb, Inc. | Millable Fracture Balls Composed of Metal |
US10500376B2 (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2019-12-10 | Becton, Dickinson And Company | IV catheter having external needle shield and internal blood control septum |
US9790375B2 (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2017-10-17 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Protective coating for a substrate |
CN104373101A (en) * | 2014-03-26 | 2015-02-25 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Fracturing ball for oil-gas well fracturing process and preparation method thereof |
MX2017000751A (en) * | 2014-08-14 | 2017-04-27 | Halliburton Energy Services Inc | Degradable wellbore isolation devices with varying degradation rates. |
US10526868B2 (en) | 2014-08-14 | 2020-01-07 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Degradable wellbore isolation devices with varying fabrication methods |
CA2915601A1 (en) | 2015-12-21 | 2017-06-21 | Vanguard Completions Ltd. | Downhole drop plugs, downhole valves, frac tools, and related methods of use |
US10738561B2 (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2020-08-11 | Kureha Corporation | Stock shape for downhole tool component, downhole tool component, and downhole tool |
CN106150400B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-03-13 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司工程技术研究院 | A kind of halogen mining well sleeve pipe curing means and method |
CN111749667A (en) * | 2020-06-04 | 2020-10-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Acid-resistant time-adjustable self-dissolving metal soluble ball and manufacturing method thereof |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5146992A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1992-09-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Pump-through pressure seat for use in a wellbore |
US6318470B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-11-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Recirculatable ball-drop release device for lateral oilwell drilling applications |
US20090044948A1 (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2009-02-19 | Avant Marcus A | Ball seat having ball support member |
US20100084146A1 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-08 | Smith International, Inc. | Ball seat sub |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1773941A (en) * | 1925-10-01 | 1930-08-26 | Boynton Alexander | Method of and device for cementing wells |
US6220358B1 (en) * | 1999-05-19 | 2001-04-24 | Humberto F. Leniek, Sr. | Hollow tubing pumping system |
US20060118297A1 (en) * | 2004-12-07 | 2006-06-08 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Downhole tool shock absorber |
US8567494B2 (en) * | 2005-08-31 | 2013-10-29 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Well operating elements comprising a soluble component and methods of use |
AU2010244947B2 (en) * | 2009-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | Packers Plus Energy Services Inc. | Sliding sleeve sub and method and apparatus for wellbore fluid treatment |
-
2011
- 2011-07-11 US US13/179,974 patent/US20120006561A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-07-12 RU RU2013105718/03A patent/RU2013105718A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2011-07-12 WO PCT/US2011/043632 patent/WO2012009311A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-07-12 CN CN2011800372920A patent/CN103038443A/en active Pending
- 2011-07-12 CA CA2804871A patent/CA2804871A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5146992A (en) * | 1991-08-08 | 1992-09-15 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Pump-through pressure seat for use in a wellbore |
US6318470B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-11-20 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Recirculatable ball-drop release device for lateral oilwell drilling applications |
US20090044948A1 (en) * | 2007-08-13 | 2009-02-19 | Avant Marcus A | Ball seat having ball support member |
US20100084146A1 (en) * | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-08 | Smith International, Inc. | Ball seat sub |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103038443A (en) | 2013-04-10 |
RU2013105718A (en) | 2014-08-20 |
CA2804871A1 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
WO2012009311A3 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
US20120006561A1 (en) | 2012-01-12 |
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