WO2012008333A1

WO2012008333A1 - Malfunction diagnosis apparatus for vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2012008333A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/065359
Authority: WO
Inventors: 谷貝将通; 國分修一; 中里成紀; 向原修
Original assignee: 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社
Priority date: 2010-07-12
Filing date: 2011-07-05
Publication date: 2012-01-19
Also published as: CN103069712A; CN103069712B; JP5587689B2; JP2012023813A

Abstract

Provided is a malfunction diagnosis apparatus for a vehicle, wherein a malfunction of a motor apparatus can be detected before a necessity to activate the motor apparatus arises. The malfunction diagnosis apparatus for a vehicle conducts a malfunction diagnosis of a motor apparatus on the basis of a drive signal to be supplied to the motor apparatus, and the rotational speed of the motor apparatus. For example, when the drive signal is ON and the rotational speed of the motor apparatus is not more than a prescribed value, the motor apparatus is evaluated as having a malfunction, and when the drive signal is OFF and the rotational speed of the motor apparatus is higher than a prescribed value, the motor apparatus is evaluated as having a malfunction. In such a way, whether a malfunction exists in a starter (100) or a PSM (112) can be evaluated before an internal combustion engine is to be automatically stopped by an automatic stopping/starting system.

Description

Vehicle fault diagnosis device

The present invention relates to a vehicle failure diagnosis device that determines whether or not a motor device mounted on a vehicle has a failure.

In recent years, automatic engine stop / start systems (so-called idle stop systems) have been widely adopted in vehicles equipped with engines in response to increasing awareness of environmental problems and automobile exhaust gas regulations.

In general, when a vehicle travels in an urban area, the vehicle may stop at an intersection or railroad crossing. In such a case, if the engine is left idle, the fuel consumption is reduced because wasteful fuel is consumed. It will increase.

For this reason, when the engine stop condition is satisfied, the vehicle engine is automatically stopped even during operation to cut fuel consumption, and then when the predetermined engine restart condition is satisfied, the engine is automatically What automatically restarts the engine is an automatic engine stop / start system.

In this automatic engine stop / start system, in order to avoid a situation where the engine cannot be restarted after the automatic engine stop, if the starter fails, the automatic engine stop / start before the engine is automatically stopped. It is necessary to prohibit the use of the system. Therefore, a diagnostic device that detects a failure of the starter before the engine is automatically stopped is required.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a vehicle engine, for example, a vehicle equipped with a gasoline engine, a starter (motor) for cranking the crankshaft of the engine to a predetermined rotational speed or more when the engine is started is provided as the starter. Yes.

Patent Document 1 discloses an example of a failure diagnosis apparatus that determines whether or not a starter has failed based on a current flowing through the starter when a relay that energizes the starter is turned on or off.

JP 2009-243452 A

In the engine automatic stop / start system, the engine control module (hereinafter referred to as ECM) determines whether or not the idling stop operation (automatic engine stop) can be performed from the driving state of the vehicle.

However, in the case of a failure diagnosis apparatus that determines a starter failure based on current or voltage as in the technique of Patent Document 1, it is necessary to newly provide a signal line to the ECM and a detection circuit, which is a problem of installation space. And there is a problem of cost increase, which is disadvantageous.

Such a problem is not limited to the starter, but also exists for all motor devices mounted on the vehicle.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the object of the present invention is to make it necessary to operate the motor device without adding a new signal line or detection circuit. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle fault diagnosis device that can detect a fault.

The vehicle fault diagnosis apparatus of the present invention that solves the above problems is based on the drive signal supplied to the motor apparatus and the rotation speed of the motor apparatus in the vehicle fault diagnosis apparatus equipped with the motor device controlled by the drive signal. It is characterized by performing a failure diagnosis of the motor device.

According to the present invention, since the failure diagnosis of the motor device is performed based on the drive signal supplied to the motor device and the rotation speed of the motor device, it is possible to easily determine the failure. Therefore, the failure of the motor can be detected before it is necessary to operate the motor mounted on the vehicle.

This specification includes the contents described in the specification and / or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-158025 which is the basis of the priority of the present application.

1 is a system configuration diagram of an engine automatic stop / start system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the structure of the starter used for an engine automatic stop and start system. The flowchart explaining the content of engine automatic stop operation | movement. The flowchart explaining the content of a motor non-energization diagnostic process. The flowchart explaining the content of a motor energization diagnosis process. The figure which showed the behavior of the rotation speed of the pinion gear at the time of no failure, the change of engine rotation speed, and the timing of failure diagnosis. The figure which showed the behavior of the rotation speed of the pinion gear at the time of failure, the change of engine rotation speed, and the timing of failure diagnosis. The flowchart in the case of performing a failure diagnosis before engine automatic stop conditions are satisfied.

A typical best embodiment of the vehicle fault diagnosis apparatus according to the present invention is as follows.

FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an engine automatic stop / start system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

A ring gear (spur gear) 126 is formed on the flywheel 124 of the crankshaft 122 of the engine 120 which is an internal combustion engine. On the other hand, a pinion gear (spur gear) 104 is provided on an output shaft 102 of a starter (motor) 100 that generates a rotational driving force for restarting the engine 120 from an initial start and a stopped state. The output shaft 102 is configured to be capable of reciprocating in the axial direction. Further, the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected by a rotation sensor 106 attached to the casing of the starter 100.

The pinion gear 104 meshes with the ring gear 126, so that the rotational driving force of the starter 100 can be transmitted to the engine 120. A crank angle sensor 128 for detecting the crank angle and the engine speed is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the crankshaft 122 of the engine 120.

The signals output from the rotation sensor 106 and the crank angle sensor 128 are input to an engine control module (hereinafter referred to as ECM) 140. The ECM 140 is mainly composed of a microcomputer, and controls the fuel injection amount and ignition timing in the engine by executing various engine control programs.

A power switching module (hereinafter referred to as PSM) 112, which is a motor drive circuit, is provided between the starter 100 and a power source such as a battery 160. The ECM 140 sends a drive signal for the starter 100 to the PSM 112 when a predetermined condition is satisfied. The PSM 112 starts energization from the battery 160 to the starter 100 when the drive signal received from the ECM 140 is ON, and stops energization from the battery 160 to the starter 100 when the drive signal received from the ECM 140 is OFF. It is like that.

The PSM 112 may be configured integrally with the starter 100 or separately. The PSM 112 and the starter 100 constitute a motor device.

FIG. 2 shows the structure of the starter used in the engine automatic stop / start system according to the embodiment of the present invention.

The starter 100 is a DC motor having a known structure such as a magnetic shift type or a reduction gear type, and the built-in armature 108 is energized from the battery 160 to generate a rotational driving force. The rotational driving force generated by the armature 108 is transmitted to the output shaft 102 of the starter 100.

The one-way clutch 110 is disposed between the output shaft 102 and the pinion gear 104 so that the rotational driving force of the engine 120 is not transmitted to the armature 108 after the engine 120 is started. A rotation sensor 106 for detecting the number of rotations of the pinion gear 104 is disposed at a position facing the outer side of the one-way clutch 110 from the outside in the radial direction.

The one-way clutch 110 has a roller 110a, a clutch inner 110b, a clutch outer 110c, and a clutch cover 110d coaxially facing each other in the radial direction. The clutch inner 110 b is configured integrally with the pinion gear 104, and the clutch outer 110 c is configured integrally with the output shaft 102. When starting the engine 120, the pinion gear 104 is rotationally driven via the output shaft 102.

Next, the basic operation of the engine automatic stop / start system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this automatic engine stop / start system, at the initial start, the engine 120 is started by the starter 100 based on the operation of the ignition switch by the driver, and the engine 120 in the operating state is then started based on conditions other than the signal of the ignition switch. Automatic stop, that is, idle stop. On the other hand, the engine 120 that has been idle-stopped is automatically started in response to accelerator depression or the like. This is called restart.

In an engine automatic stop / start system, when a sudden restart request is requested, it is necessary to restart the engine quickly in response to the driver's restart request. Even when a request occurs, it is required to be able to restart the engine quickly.

In the present embodiment, an automatic stop operation for automatically stopping the engine is started, and the starter 100 is energized to cause the pinion gear 104 to idle during rotation of the engine speed during the automatic engine stop, so that the pinion gear 104 and the ring gear 126 rotate. Each of the numbers is detected, and the pinion gear 104 is pushed out in the axial direction at the time when the rotations are synchronized with each other to be engaged with the ring gear 126, so that the engine is quickly restarted even during the engine automatic stop.

At this time, as a means for detecting the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104, an uneven signal output portion formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface of the clutch outer 110c of the starter one-way clutch 110, and a rotation sensor 106 disposed opposite thereto are used. Thus, the rotational speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected.

The ECM 140 executes the engine automatic stop / start system by repeatedly executing the engine automatic stop / start routine at a predetermined calculation cycle. In the engine automatic stop / start system, the engine 120 is automatically stopped when a predetermined engine automatic stop condition is satisfied. The engine automatic stop condition includes that the vehicle speed is equal to or lower than a predetermined speed and that the brake pedal is depressed. The automatic stop of the engine 120 is performed by stopping the fuel injection operation and the ignition operation.

Then, when the engine restart condition is satisfied, the engine 120 is cranked by the starter 100 and automatically started. The engine restart condition includes that the brake pedal is not depressed and the accelerator pedal is depressed.

Here, one of the conditions for automatically stopping the engine 120 is that the automatic stop / start system is not in a failure state where the engine cannot be restarted. The ECM 140 avoids a situation where the engine 120 cannot be restarted due to a failure of the starter 100 and the PSM 112 that is a drive circuit thereof after the engine 120 is automatically stopped. A failure diagnosis of the PSM 112 is executed. Then, when a diagnosis result indicating that it is in a failure state is obtained, the automatic stop / start system is stopped and use of the system is prohibited.

3 is a flowchart from the determination of the engine automatic stop condition to the stop of the engine 120. The ECM 140 repeatedly executes this routine at a predetermined cycle until the automatic stop condition is satisfied.

In step S101, the ECM 140 determines whether the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied. If the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied, the process proceeds to step S102. If the engine automatic stop condition is not satisfied, the process returns to step S101 to execute the determination again, and the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied. Until it is done, the judgment is repeated. The engine automatic stop condition includes that the driver is decelerating the vehicle while the vehicle is traveling, and that the vehicle speed is smaller than a predetermined value.

In step S102, the ECM 140 starts the engine automatic stop operation, stops the fuel injection operation and the ignition operation, and stops the engine combustion.

In step S103, the ECM 140 determines whether or not the rotational speed of the engine 120 is higher than a predetermined diagnosis possible rotational speed Ne1. This diagnosable speed Ne1 is a lower-limit combustion-resumable speed (lower-limit speed) at which the speed of the engine 120 can be restored only by restarting fuel injection and ignition without cranking by the starter 100. The engine speed is higher than Ne2, and the failure diagnosis of the starter 100 and the PSM 112 and the combustion recovery of the engine 120 are performed until the engine speed decreases from the diagnosis possible rotation speed Ne1 to the combustion recovery possible rotation speed Ne2. Set to be possible. If the engine speed is higher than the diagnosable speed Ne1, the process proceeds to step S104. If the engine speed is equal to or less than the diagnosable speed Ne1, the process proceeds to step S107.

In step S104, a motor non-energization diagnosis is performed to determine whether the starter 100 or the PSM 112 has failed. In the motor non-energization diagnosis, the determination is made based on the rotation speed of the starter 100 when the drive signal is OFF. Detailed processing contents of the motor non-energization diagnosis will be described later. If it is determined in step S104 that there is no failure, the process proceeds to step S105. If it is determined that there is a failure, the process proceeds to step S109.

In step S105, a motor energization diagnosis is performed to determine whether the starter 100 or the PSM 112 has failed. In the motor energization diagnosis, the determination is made based on the rotation speed of the starter 100 when the drive signal is ON. Detailed processing contents of the motor energization diagnosis will be described later. If it is determined in step S105 that there is no failure, the process proceeds to step S106. If it is determined that there is a failure, the process proceeds to step S109.

If it is determined that there is no abnormality in steps S104 and S105, and the process proceeds to step S106, the ECM 140 determines that there is no failure in both the starter 100 and the PSM 112, and continues the engine automatic stop operation started in step S102. To stop the routine.

In step S103, when it is determined that the engine speed is equal to or less than the diagnosis possible speed Ne1, and the process proceeds to step S107, the ECM 140 interrupts the engine automatic stop operation started in step S102, and the engine speed is a speed at which the engine can be returned to combustion. Before the engine speed decreases to a number Ne2, the engine 120 is returned to the rotational speed by the combustion recovery without the cranking by the starter 100.

In step S108, it is determined whether or not the engine automatic stop condition established in step S101 is not established. If it is determined that the engine automatic stop condition is not satisfied (YES in step S108), the process proceeds to step S101. If it is determined that the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied (NO in step S108), the process returns to step S108 and the determination in step S108 is performed again, and the determination is repeated until the engine automatic stop condition is not satisfied. .

When it is determined in step S104 or step S105 that there is a failure and the process proceeds to step S109, the ECM 140 interrupts the engine automatic stop operation started in step S102, and before the engine speed decreases to the combustion-recoverable speed Ne2. In addition, the rotational speed of the engine 120 is restored without cranking by the starter 100.

In step S110, the ECM 140 performs a process of stopping the engine automatic stop / start system and prohibiting the use of the system. In step S111, the driver is notified of a failure in the automatic engine stop / start system using a warning lamp or the like, and the routine is terminated.

Next, the motor non-energization diagnosis in step S104 will be described using the flowchart shown in FIG.

In step S201, the ECM 140 turns off the drive signal sent to the PSM 112. In step S <b> 202, the ECM 140 detects the number of rotations of the pinion gear 104 based on a signal from the rotation sensor 106. In step S203, the ECM 140 determines whether or not the pinion gear rotation speed detected in step S202 is lower than a predetermined stop determination rotation speed Np1. If the pinion gear rotation speed is lower than the stop determination rotation speed Np1, it is determined that there is no failure. If the pinion gear rotation speed is equal to or greater than the stop determination rotation speed Np1, it is determined that the starter 100 or PSM 112 is shorted to the ground, and it is determined that there is a failure. . In the present embodiment, the stop determination rotation speed Np1 is set to a rotation speed lower than the combustion recovery possible rotation speed Ne2.

Next, the motor energization diagnosis in step S105 will be described using the flowchart shown in FIG.

In step S301, the ECM 140 turns on the drive signal sent to the PSM 112. In step S302, the ECM 140 detects the number of rotations of the pinion gear based on a signal from the rotation sensor. In step S303, the ECM 140 determines whether or not the pinion gear rotation speed detected in step S302 is higher than a predetermined drive determination rotation speed Np2. If the pinion gear speed is higher than the drive determination speed Np2, it is determined that there is no failure. If the pinion gear speed is less than the drive determination speed Np2, the starter 100 or PSM 112 is open, or the battery is short-circuited, or the starter 100 is abnormally loaded. It is determined that there is a failure. In the present embodiment, the drive determination rotation speed Np2 is set to a rotation speed between the diagnosis possible rotation speed Ne1 and the combustion return possible rotation speed Ne2.

According to the vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus of the present embodiment, when the engine 120 is restarted for failure diagnosis of the starter 100 and the PSM 112, the lower limit rotation speed that does not require cranking by the starter 100, that is, the combustion return possible rotation speed Since it is executed before the pressure decreases to Ne2, when it is determined that the starter 100 or the PSM 112 has failed, the engine 120 can be returned to combustion only by fuel injection and ignition of the engine 120. The situation where 120 cannot be restarted can be avoided in advance.

Further, in this embodiment, when it is determined that the starter 100 and the PSM 112 are out of order, the driver is warned early of the failure, and thereafter, the use of the automatic engine stop / start system is stopped. You can move safely to a possible location (such as a dealer). At this time, in conjunction with the car navigation system, the position of the surrounding repairable place and the moving route to that position may be displayed on the monitor in the passenger compartment.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the cause of the failure can be specified based on the drive signal and the pinion gear rotation speed, the failed starter 100 can be repaired easily.

FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 show the rotational speed of the engine 120 and the pinion gear 104 and failure diagnosis timing. 6 is an example when it is determined that there is no failure in the starter 100 and the PSM 112, and FIG. 7 is an example when it is determined that there is a failure in the starter 100 or the PSM 112.

First, FIG. 6 will be described. Since the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied and the engine speed at that time is equal to or higher than the diagnosis possible speed Ne1, engine combustion is stopped and failure diagnosis is started. Normally, since the starter is not driven while the engine is combusting, the drive signal remains OFF before failure diagnosis in this figure.

At this time, since the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected and the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104 does not exceed the stop determination rotation speed Np1, it is determined that there is no failure in the motor non-energization diagnosis in step S104, the drive signal is turned ON, and again The rotational speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected. Since the drive determination rotational speed Np2 is exceeded here, it is determined that there is no failure in the starter 100 and the PSM 112 even in the motor energization diagnosis in step S105, and the failure diagnosis ends. Thereafter, the pinion gear 104 is engaged with the ring gear 126 before the engine is stopped, and the engine can be restarted.

Next, FIG. 7 will be described. Since the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied and the engine speed at that time is equal to or higher than the diagnosis possible speed Ne1, engine combustion is stopped and failure diagnosis is started. When the drive signal is OFF, the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected, and the rotation speed of the pinion gear 104 does not exceed the stop determination rotation speed Np1, so it is determined that there is no failure in the motor non-energization diagnosis in step S104. Is turned ON, and the rotational speed of the pinion gear 104 is detected again.

Here, since the drive determination rotational speed Np2 is not exceeded, in the motor energization diagnosis in step S105, it is determined that there is a failure in the starter 100 or the PSM 112, and the failure diagnosis ends. Thereafter, before the engine speed decreases to the combustion-recoverable speed Ne2, the engine 120 is combusted and the use of the engine automatic stop / start system is stopped.

In the present embodiment, the failure determination condition when the drive signal is ON is pinion gear rotation speed> drive determination rotation speed Np1, but Np11 ≧ Np1 ≧ Np12 with respect to this drive determination rotation speed Np1. Rotational speeds Np11 and Np12 may be defined, and the failure determination condition when the drive signal is ON may be such that rotational speed Np11> pinion gear rotational speed> rotational speed Np12.

In this embodiment, the failure diagnosis of the starter 100 and the PSM 112 is executed after the automatic stop condition of the engine 120 is satisfied, but the failure diagnosis may be executed before the automatic stop condition of the engine 120 is satisfied.

Fig. 8 shows a flowchart for executing failure diagnosis before the automatic engine stop condition is satisfied. When failure diagnosis is executed before the automatic engine stop condition is satisfied, the following routine is executed at an arbitrary timing regardless of the state of the vehicle.

In step S401, the aforementioned motor non-energization diagnosis (see the process in step S104) is performed to determine whether the starter 100 or the PSM 112 has failed. If it is determined that there is no failure, the process proceeds to step S402. If it is determined that there is a failure, the process proceeds to step S403.

In step S402, the above-described motor energization diagnosis (see the process in step S105) is performed to determine whether the starter 100 or the PSM 112 has failed. When it is determined that there is no failure, the ECM 140 determines that there is no failure in both the starter 100 and the PSM 112, stops the engine, and ends the routine.

If it is determined in step S401 or step S402 that there is an abnormality and the process proceeds to step S403, the ECM 140 stops the use of the engine automatic stop / start system. In step S404, the driver is notified of a failure in the automatic engine stop / start system using a warning lamp or the like, and the routine is terminated.

By the above routine, failure diagnosis can be executed before the automatic engine stop condition is established.

In the routine of FIG. 3, both OFF determination and ON determination (both steps S104 and S105) are performed after the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied, but the OFF determination (determination in step S104) is performed before the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied. You may make it carry out. In this case, the failure determination time after the engine automatic stop condition is satisfied can be shortened.

In the vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus in the present embodiment, the rotation speed of pinion gear 104 is detected by rotation sensor 106 provided in starter 100, and based on the detected rotation speed of pinion gear 104 and the drive signal of starter 100. Since the presence / absence of a failure between the starter 100 and the PSM 112 is determined, the presence / absence of a failure between the starter 100 and the PSM 112 can be easily diagnosed.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the present embodiment, the failure diagnosis of the starter 100 and the PSM 112 for starting the engine 120 in a vehicle including only the engine 120 has been described, but for starting the engine in a hybrid vehicle using the engine and the motor power source. The present invention can also be applied to a motor and a motor drive circuit.

100 ... Starter (motor)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 102 ... Output shaft 104 ... Pinion gear 106 ... Rotation sensor 108 ... Armature 110 ... One-way clutch 110a ... Roller 110b ... Clutch inner 110c ... Clutch outer 110d ... Clutch cover 112 ... Power switching module (PSM)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 120 ... Engine 122 ... Crankshaft 124 ... Flywheel 126 ... Ring gear 128 ... Crank angle sensor 140 ... Engine control module (ECM)
160 ... Battery

Claims

In a vehicle fault diagnosis apparatus equipped with a motor device controlled by a drive signal,
A failure diagnosis device for a vehicle, comprising failure determination means for determining whether or not there is a failure in the motor device based on a drive signal supplied to the motor device and the rotation speed of the motor device.
2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the failure determination unit determines that there is a failure in the motor device when the rotation number of the motor device is equal to or less than a predetermined value when the drive signal is ON. Fault diagnosis device.
3. The vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the failure is determined as one of an open failure of the motor or a motor drive circuit, a short circuit to a battery, or an abnormal load of the motor.
The failure determination means determines that the motor device is defective when the rotational speed of the motor device is higher than a predetermined value when the drive signal is OFF. The vehicle fault diagnosis device according to any one of the above.
5. The vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the failure is determined to be a short to ground.
The motor device includes a starter capable of restarting the internal combustion engine by cranking, and a power switching module which is a drive circuit for the starter,
The failure determination means is an automatic stop / start system that automatically stops the internal combustion engine when an automatic stop condition is satisfied, and automatically restarts the internal combustion engine when a predetermined restart condition is satisfied after the automatic stop. 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein the motor device is determined whether or not there is a failure before the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped by the automatic stop / start system. The vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus according to the description.
The failure determination means restarts the internal combustion engine even if the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine does not perform cranking by the starter after the automatic stop operation for automatically stopping the internal combustion engine is started by the automatic stop / start system. Determine whether or not the motor device has failed in the period until it falls to the lower limit rotation speed that can be started,
In the automatic stop / start system, when the failure determination unit determines that there is a failure in the motor device, the automatic stop operation is stopped and the internal combustion engine is restarted, and it is determined that there is no failure in the motor device. The vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus according to claim 6, wherein, when the operation is performed, the internal combustion engine is automatically stopped by continuing the automatic stop operation.
The system use prohibiting means for prohibiting the use of the automatic stop / start system when the failure determination means determines that the motor device has a failure. Vehicle fault diagnosis device.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a warning unit that warns a driver of the vehicle of the failure when the failure determination unit determines that the motor device has a failure. The vehicle fault diagnosis device according to one item.
The vehicle failure diagnosis apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the failure determination means is for an idle stop system.