WO2012004435A1 - Cleaning device for photovoltaic panels and solar thermal panels - Google Patents

Cleaning device for photovoltaic panels and solar thermal panels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012004435A1
WO2012004435A1 PCT/ES2011/070455 ES2011070455W WO2012004435A1 WO 2012004435 A1 WO2012004435 A1 WO 2012004435A1 ES 2011070455 W ES2011070455 W ES 2011070455W WO 2012004435 A1 WO2012004435 A1 WO 2012004435A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arms
parallelogram
tubular
arm
cleaning
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PCT/ES2011/070455
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rafael Mª. MÉNDEZ DE LA CUESTA
Original Assignee
Mendez De La Cuesta Rafael Ma
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Publication of WO2012004435A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012004435A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/20—Cleaning; Removing snow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/02—Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B3/022—Cleaning travelling work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a Device of cleaning for photovoltaic and solar thermal panels, which provides essential novelty features and notable advantages over the media known and used for the same purposes in the current state of the technique.
  • the invention proposes the development of a cleaning device arrangement specially designed for your application to curved surfaces of solar thermal elements such as concave or other similar solar mirrors, capable of being easily and quickly mounted on a tractor that allows its displacement and transport by / to the places of use with full safety guarantees, and such that your maintenance needs are minimal.
  • the device consists in a set based on an articulated parallelogram structure, from whose free end extends extendable arms that at the opposite end support tools or cleaning bars.
  • the arms are susceptible to occupy a wide variety of relative positions, including folding the same during transport or storage, with the bars or tools of cleaning facing and occupying a minimum space.
  • the scope of the invention is comprised within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture of equipment cleaning and maintenance assistants, especially those designed and designed for use in field operations.
  • Spanish Patent Document No. P-200803664 (Publication Number ES2345082) describes a cleaning device for photovoltaic and solar thermal panels, which brings together a set of features which give it high efficiency against the application for which it has been conceived
  • the device consists essentially of a structure as an articulated arm, adapted to be mounted on a vehicle towing such as a tractor capable of moving through the plant generator and move the device to each of the solar modules, the attachment of the device to the tractor vehicle being carried out by means of a support that supports an articulated parallelogram structure that by the opposite end to the fixing to the support includes a closure piece of the parallelogram in which a positionable arm is articulated which is carrier, at the free end, of a projection bar of similar length adjustable depending on the surface to be cleaned.
  • the bar of projection is equipped with a multiplicity of nozzles whereby projects the water and cleaning fluid used.
  • the arm is of type telescopic, and both the parallelogram structure and the bar itself projection, are susceptible to variable positioning under unions articulated
  • the set thus formed It is a solid and durable device, capable of applying water and other cleaning components on the surface of solar panels in order to keep them in the best possible cleaning conditions, and thus avoiding that an amount of dust or other dirt that hinders and reduces the incidence of radiation solar on the panels, with the consequent loss of efficiency and performance.
  • the present invention It has been proposed as the main objective the development of a device that allow to meet the need of the current technique mentioned above. This objective has been fully achieved through the cleaning device which will be described in the following, whose characteristics essentials are collected in the characterizing portion of claim 1 attached.
  • the cleaning device for surfaces with concave curvature of solar thermal elements comprises a tractor fixing frame used for the displacement of the device through the installation or solar plant, to through which the forces are transferred to the tractor hitch of so that they are absorbed by it, to whose frame is attached a support that supports a parallelogram structure consisting of two tubular elements articulated by its proximal end to said support and which by the distal end they are respectively articulated to each other arms extendable that at the opposite end articulately carry a bar respective sprayer.
  • the parallelogram structure is susceptible to adopt a variable position with respect to the mentioned support up to a preset angular limit, for which purpose it includes a hydraulic cylinder extended between the support a predetermined position of one of the elements tubular parallelogram structure while the bars sprayers are also capable of adopting variable positions thanks to the action of a respective hydraulic cylinder that can swing them up through a predetermined angular range of extension.
  • the bars sprayers include sensors that detect the proximity of the bars to the Concave mirror surface to be cleaned, in order to avoid contact with said surface.
  • the spray bars include a multiplicity of nozzles from which they project water and other components suitable for cleaning operation, on mirror surfaces concave Additionally, the joint between the distal end of each of the tubular elements of the parallelogram structure and each of the arms, allow the latter to be folded in the condition of transport or storage, and that the spray bars can be also dejected, in overlapping positions, duly protected and occupying a minimum space.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic elevation view side, of a surface cleaning device of concave mirrors in solar thermal installations, according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 (a-d) shows some examples illustrative of the operational capabilities of the device of the invention.
  • Figure 1 of the drawings shows a schematic elevation view. side, of a device constructed in accordance with the invention, provided with two spray bars, in a position close to a concave mirror divided into two halves by an intermediate perpendicular plane, with each of the spray bars positioned in front of each of the respective halves of said concave mirror.
  • the device includes a support piece 1 for attachment to the linkage frame with the joint rigid tractor, from whose support 1 extends a structure as a parallelogram composed of two tubular elements indicated by the numerical references 2, 3.
  • tubular elements are articulated by their respective proximal end with said support piece 1, so that the articulation of a tubular element 2 with the support part 1, is variable longitudinally by insertion of its proximal end into an opening 4 torn while the articulation of the other tubular element 3 has been made around a pivot axis. Between both tubular elements are extends a connecting rod 6 pivotally attached thereto for each of its extremes
  • each of them is joined in a way differentiated with two arms 7, 8 of telescopically extensible type, for which, each arm 7, 8 incorporates a respective hydraulic cylinder 9, 10 attached to his corresponding arm.
  • Both arms include a spray bar 11, 12 at their respective free ends, so that each bar 11, 12 of spraying is likely to swing with respect to its associated arm thanks to the interposition of a pivot plate 13, 14 driven by means of a respective hydraulic cylinder 15, 16.
  • the spray bars 11, 12 include a multiplicity of spray nozzles (not visible in the Figure) for projection on the concave surface of the mirror 17 they face (for example, a mirror parabolic), the cleaning liquid (for example, water mixed with others components), fed from a suitable tank carried by the own tractor.
  • each spray bar 11, 12 includes sensors (not shown), preferably induction sensors, trained to detect the proximity between the spray bars and the surface concave of mirror 17, in order to prevent said bars from entering in contact with the mirror surface.
  • the junction between the distal ends of the tubular elements 2, 3 of the parallelogram structure and arms 7, 8, is done in a way different default.
  • the link between the tubular element 3 and the arms 7, 8, is performed at two pivot points 21, 22, so that the union between the arm 7 and the tubular element 3, is carried out by joint at the distal end of the latter, while the union between the end of the arm 8 and the tubular element 3, is carried out in a position 21 anterior to the distal end of said tubular element 3, at a distance predetermined of said distal end.
  • the link between distal end of the tubular element 2 of the parallelogram structure with the arms 7, 8, is performed at a joint point 20, common to both arms.
  • the device further includes a hydraulic cylinder 18 that extends between the support 1 and a piece 19 which, as a bushing or clamp, is in solidarity with the tubular element 2 of the parallelogram structure.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 18 that extends between the support 1 and a piece 19 which, as a bushing or clamp, is in solidarity with the tubular element 2 of the parallelogram structure.
  • the operation of the cylinders 9, 10 allows to regulate the extension of the arms 7, 8 simultaneously or interchangeably, and with it a greater or lesser approach of the spray bars 11, 12 with respect to the concave mirror surface 17 on which it is desired to perform the operation of cleaning. Additionally, the actuation of cylinders 15, 16, simultaneously or indistinct, allows both spray bars or any one of them previously selected, rotate through the joint provided by the respective pivot plate 13, 14, and thereby face the various surface portions of the concave mirror 17. The change in height is achieved from the union with the frame associated with the tractor hitch. That way, a full scan of the surface of the mirrors can be performed.
  • the hydraulic feed is made from the central of the tractor itself.
  • Representation (b) illustrates a position of both spray bars 11, 12 clearly differentiated from the representation (a), derived from the performance of cylinder 18, so that the new angles they are such that a '> a, b' ⁇ b, having also been activated the cylinders 9, 10 to contract and motivate the corresponding reduction of arms 7, 8 of telescopic configuration.
  • Representation (c) illustrates a case similar to the previous ones, in which the arm 8 is in its condition of extended and arm 7 is in its retracted condition, so that the distance between spray bar 11 and the parallelogram structure is considerably less than between said structure and the spray bar 12.
  • representation (d) illustrates the folding condition of the device, in which the hydraulic cylinder 18 has been activated to cause its extension and the consequent pivoting of the parallelogram structure and of the arms linked to the distal end thereof, until it has been reached the superposition of both spray bars 11, 12.
  • This last condition is what has been previously defined as transport position or storage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for cleaning by spraying a cleaning liquid onto the reflective surface of a concave mirror like those used in solar thermal plants. The device is designed to be transported and moved by a tractor, to which it is connected by means of a frame, and comprises a parallelogram structure made up of two tubular elements hinged via the proximal end thereof to a support means, and hinged via the distal end thereof to individual telescopic extendable arms, each having a spray bar at the free end thereof. The device includes hydraulic cylinders for varying the position of the parallelogram structure, and hence of the extendable arms, and adjusting the extension of the arms to control the distance between the spray bars and the surface of the mirror, and the position of each bar relative to the associated arm.

Description

DISPOSITIVO DE LIMPIEZA PARA PANELES FOTOVOLTAICOS Y PANELES TERMOSOLARES CLEANING DEVICE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS AND THERMOSOLAR PANELS
Objeto de la Invención Object of the Invention
La presente invención se refiere a un Dispositivo de limpieza para paneles fotovoltaicos y termosolares, que aporta esenciales características de novedad y notables ventajas con respecto a los medios conocidos y utilizados para los mismos fines en el estado actual de la técnica. The present invention relates to a Device of cleaning for photovoltaic and solar thermal panels, which provides essential novelty features and notable advantages over the media known and used for the same purposes in the current state of the technique.
Más en particular, la invención propone el desarrollo de una disposición de dispositivo limpiador especialmente diseñado para su aplicación a superficies curvas de elementos termosolares tales como los espejos solares cóncavos u otro de naturaleza similar, susceptible de ser montado de forma fácil y rápida en un tractor que permita su desplazamiento y transporte por/hasta los lugares de uso con plenas garantías de seguridad, y tal que sus necesidades de mantenimiento sean mínimas. El dispositivo consiste en un conjunto basado en una estructura de paralelogramo articulado, desde cuyo extremo libre se extienden brazos extensibles que por el extremo opuesto soportan los útiles o las barras de limpieza. Los brazos son susceptibles de ocupar una amplia diversidad de posiciones relativas, incluyendo el plegado de los mismos durante el transporte o almacenamiento, con las barras o útiles de limpieza enfrentados y ocupando un mínimo espacio. More particularly, the invention proposes the development of a cleaning device arrangement specially designed for your application to curved surfaces of solar thermal elements such as concave or other similar solar mirrors, capable of being easily and quickly mounted on a tractor that allows its displacement and transport by / to the places of use with full safety guarantees, and such that your maintenance needs are minimal. The device consists in a set based on an articulated parallelogram structure, from whose free end extends extendable arms that at the opposite end support tools or cleaning bars. The arms are susceptible to occupy a wide variety of relative positions, including folding the same during transport or storage, with the bars or tools of cleaning facing and occupying a minimum space.
El campo de aplicación de la invención se encuentra comprendido dentro del sector industrial dedicado a la fabricación de equipos auxiliares de limpieza y mantenimiento, especialmente los diseñados y concebidos para su uso en operaciones de campo. The scope of the invention is comprised within the industrial sector dedicated to the manufacture of equipment cleaning and maintenance assistants, especially those designed and designed for use in field operations.
Antecedentes y Sumario de la Invención Background and Summary of the Invention
El documento de Patente Española nº P-200803664 (Número de Publicación ES2345082) describe un dispositivo de limpieza para paneles fotovoltaicos y termosolares, que reúne un conjunto de características que le confieren una alta eficacia frente a la aplicación para la que ha sido concebido. De forma resumida, el dispositivo consiste esencialmente en una estructura a modo de brazo articulado, adaptado para ser montado en un vehículo de arrastre tal como un tractor capacitado para moverse a través de la planta generadora y desplazar el dispositivo hasta cada uno de los módulos solares, estando la sujeción del dispositivo al vehículo tractor realizada por medio de un soporte que sustenta una estructura de paralelogramo articulado que por el extremo opuesto al de fijación al soporte incluye una pieza de cierre del paralelogramo en la que se encuentra articulado un brazo posicionable que es portador, por el extremo libre, de una barra de proyección de longitud asimismo ajustable en función de la superficie que se desee limpiar. La barra de proyección está equipada con una multiplicidad de boquillas por las que se proyecta el agua y el fluido de limpieza utilizados. El brazo es de tipo telescópico, y tanto la estructura de paralelogramo como la propia barra de proyección, son susceptibles de posicionamiento variable en virtud de uniones articuladas y de cilindros hidráulicos. Spanish Patent Document No. P-200803664 (Publication Number ES2345082) describes a cleaning device for photovoltaic and solar thermal panels, which brings together a set of features which give it high efficiency against the application for which it has been conceived In summary, the device consists essentially of a structure as an articulated arm, adapted to be mounted on a vehicle towing such as a tractor capable of moving through the plant generator and move the device to each of the solar modules, the attachment of the device to the tractor vehicle being carried out by means of a support that supports an articulated parallelogram structure that by the opposite end to the fixing to the support includes a closure piece of the parallelogram in which a positionable arm is articulated which is carrier, at the free end, of a projection bar of similar length adjustable depending on the surface to be cleaned. The bar of projection is equipped with a multiplicity of nozzles whereby projects the water and cleaning fluid used. The arm is of type telescopic, and both the parallelogram structure and the bar itself projection, are susceptible to variable positioning under unions articulated and hydraulic cylinders.
De acuerdo con lo anterior, el conjunto así formado constituye un dispositivo sólido y duradero, capacitado para la aplicación de agua y otros componentes de limpieza sobre la superficie de los paneles solares a efectos de mantenerlos en las mejores condiciones de limpieza posibles, y evitando así que se llegue a acumular sobre dicha superficie una cantidad de polvo u otra suciedad que obstaculice y reduzca la incidencia de la radiación solar sobre los paneles, con la consiguiente pérdida de eficacia y rendimiento. In accordance with the above, the set thus formed It is a solid and durable device, capable of applying water and other cleaning components on the surface of solar panels in order to keep them in the best possible cleaning conditions, and thus avoiding that an amount of dust or other dirt that hinders and reduces the incidence of radiation solar on the panels, with the consequent loss of efficiency and performance.
Aunque el dispositivo descrito en la mencionada Patente Española cumple ampliamente con los objetivos para los que fue desarrollado, incorpora no obstante un medio de limpieza que consiste en una barra de proyección sustancialmente lineal, apropiada para las superficies planas, pero poco eficiente sobre superficies curvas. Como se sabe, existe una diversidad de medios de captación/reflexión de la radiación solar, en unos casos a efectos de aprovechamiento de la energía térmica o calórica para su transferencia a un fluido que se desea calentar, y en otros casos a efectos de direccionamiento, por reflexión, de la radiación solar hacia el interior de lugares predeterminados (por ejemplo, el interior de una vivienda u otra edificación) para el acondicionamiento térmico de un espacio concreto, con la ayuda de superficies especulares tanto planas como curvas. Although the device described in the aforementioned Spanish Patent widely meets the objectives for which it was developed, however, incorporates a cleaning medium consisting of a substantially linear projection bar, suitable for surfaces flat, but not very efficient on curved surfaces. As you know, there is a diversity of solar radiation collection / reflection media, in some cases for the use of thermal or caloric energy for transfer to a fluid to be heated, and in other cases for the purpose of addressing, by reflection, of solar radiation into predetermined places (for example, inside a home or other building) for the thermal conditioning of a specific space, with the support of both flat and curved mirror surfaces.
Mientras que existen dispositivos para la limpieza y acondicionamiento de las superficies planas de los paneles, espejos, etc., la oferta de medios para su aplicación a operaciones de limpieza de las superficies curvas es sensiblemente reducida. Por lo tanto, existe en el estado actual de la técnica una necesidad de disponer de medios adecuados para la limpieza en campo de las superficies reflectantes con curvatura cóncava de los elementos termosolares. While there are devices for cleaning and conditioning of flat surfaces of panels, mirrors, etc., the offer of means for its application to cleaning operations of Curved surfaces are noticeably reduced. Therefore, it exists in the state current technique a need to have adequate means for the field cleaning of reflective surfaces with concave curvature of solar thermal elements.
Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, la presente invención se ha propuesto como objetivo principal el desarrollo de un dispositivo que permita satisfacer la necesidad de la técnica actual mencionada anteriormente. Este objetivo ha sido plenamente alcanzado mediante el dispositivo de limpieza que va a ser objeto de descripción en lo que sigue, cuyas características esenciales están recogidas en la porción caracterizadora de la reivindicación 1 anexa. In view of the foregoing, the present invention It has been proposed as the main objective the development of a device that allow to meet the need of the current technique mentioned above. This objective has been fully achieved through the cleaning device which will be described in the following, whose characteristics essentials are collected in the characterizing portion of claim 1 attached.
En esencia, el dispositivo de limpieza para superficies con curvatura cóncava de elementos termosolares propuesto por la invención, comprende un bastidor de fijación al tractor utilizado para el desplazamiento del dispositivo a través de la instalación o planta solar, a través del cual se transfieren los esfuerzos hasta el enganche del tractor de manera que sean absorbidos por éste, a cuyo bastidor se encuentra acoplado un soporte que sustenta una estructura de paralelogramo constituida por dos elementos tubulares articulados por su extremo proximal a dicho soporte y que por el extremo distal están respectivamente articulados a sendos brazos extensibles que por el extremo opuesto portan articuladamente una barra pulverizadora respectiva. La estructura de paralelogramo es susceptible de adoptar una posición variable con respecto al mencionado soporte hasta un límite angular preestablecido, a cuyo efecto incluye un cilindro hidráulico extendido entre el soporte una posición predeterminada de uno de los elementos tubulares de la estructura de paralelogramo, mientras que las barras pulverizadoras son asimismo susceptibles de adoptar posiciones variables merced a la acción de un cilindro hidráulico respectivo que puede hacerlas pivotar hasta a través de una gama angular de extensión predeterminada. Las barras pulverizadoras incluyen sensores que detectan la proximidad de las barras a la superficie del espejo cóncavo que se desea limpiar, a efectos de evitar el contacto con dicha superficie. Las barras pulverizadoras incluyen una multiplicidad de boquillas desde las que proyectan agua y otros componentes adecuados para la operación limpieza, sobre las superficies de los espejos cóncavos. Adicionalmente, la articulación entre el extremo distal de cada uno de los elementos tubulares de la estructura de paralelogramo y cada uno de los brazos, permiten que estos últimos puedan ser plegados en la condición de transporte o almacenamiento, y que las barras pulverizadoras puedan ser asimismo abatidas, en posiciones superpuestas, debidamente protegidas y ocupando un mínimo espacio. In essence, the cleaning device for surfaces with concave curvature of solar thermal elements proposed by the invention comprises a tractor fixing frame used for the displacement of the device through the installation or solar plant, to through which the forces are transferred to the tractor hitch of so that they are absorbed by it, to whose frame is attached a support that supports a parallelogram structure consisting of two tubular elements articulated by its proximal end to said support and which by the distal end they are respectively articulated to each other arms extendable that at the opposite end articulately carry a bar respective sprayer. The parallelogram structure is susceptible to adopt a variable position with respect to the mentioned support up to a preset angular limit, for which purpose it includes a hydraulic cylinder extended between the support a predetermined position of one of the elements tubular parallelogram structure while the bars sprayers are also capable of adopting variable positions thanks to the action of a respective hydraulic cylinder that can swing them up through a predetermined angular range of extension. The bars sprayers include sensors that detect the proximity of the bars to the Concave mirror surface to be cleaned, in order to avoid contact with said surface. The spray bars include a multiplicity of nozzles from which they project water and other components suitable for cleaning operation, on mirror surfaces concave Additionally, the joint between the distal end of each of the tubular elements of the parallelogram structure and each of the arms, allow the latter to be folded in the condition of transport or storage, and that the spray bars can be also dejected, in overlapping positions, duly protected and occupying a minimum space.
Breve Descripción de los Dibujos Brief Description of the Drawings
Estas y otras características y ventajas de la invención se pondrán más claramente de manifiesto a partir de la descripción detallada que sigue de un ejemplo de realización preferida de la misma, dado únicamente a título ilustrativo y no limitativo, con referencia a los dibujos que se acompañan, en los que: These and other features and advantages of the invention will become more clearly apparent from the description detailed following of an example of preferred embodiment thereof, given For illustrative and non-limiting purposes only, with reference to the drawings that are accompanied, in which:
La Figura 1 muestra una vista esquemática, en alzado lateral, de un dispositivo de limpieza de superficies de espejos cóncavos en instalaciones termosolares, de acuerdo con la invención, y Figure 1 shows a schematic elevation view side, of a surface cleaning device of concave mirrors in solar thermal installations, according to the invention, and
La Figura 2(a-d) muestra algunos ejemplos ilustrativos de las capacidades operativas del dispositivo de la invención. Figure 2 (a-d) shows some examples illustrative of the operational capabilities of the device of the invention.
Descripción de una Forma de Realización Preferida Description of a form of realization Preferred
Tal y como se ha mencionado en lo que antecede, la descripción detallada de la forma de realización preferida del objeto de la invención, va a ser llevada a cabo en lo que sigue con la ayuda de los dibujos anexos, a través de los cuales se utilizan iguales referencias numéricas para designar las partes iguales o equivalentes. Así, atendiendo en primer lugar a la Figura 1 de los dibujos, se aprecia una vista esquematizada, en alzado lateral, de un dispositivo construido de acuerdo con la invención, dotado de dos barras de pulverización, en una posición próxima a un espejo cóncavo dividido en dos mitades por un plano perpendicular intermedio, con cada una de las barras de pulverización posicionada frente a cada una respectiva de las mitades de dicho espejo cóncavo. Según se aprecia, el dispositivo incluye una pieza 1 de soporte para su fijación al bastidor de vinculación con la unión rígida del tractor, desde cuyo soporte 1 se extiende una estructura a modo de paralelogramo compuesta por dos elementos tubulares señalados mediante las referencias numéricas 2, 3. Estos elementos tubulares están articulados por su extremo proximal respectivo con dicha pieza 1 de soporte, de manera que la articulación de un elemento tubular 2 con la pieza 1 de soporte, es variable longitudinalmente por inserción de su extremo proximal en una abertura 4 rasgada, mientras que la articulación del otro elemento tubular 3 se ha realizado en torno a un eje de pivotamiento. Entre ambos elementos tubulares se extiende una biela 6 unida a los mismos pivotablemente por cada uno de sus extremos. As mentioned above, the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the object of the invention, will be carried out in what follows with the help of the drawings annexes, through which the same numerical references are used to designate the same or equivalent parts. Thus, attending first Figure 1 of the drawings shows a schematic elevation view. side, of a device constructed in accordance with the invention, provided with two spray bars, in a position close to a concave mirror divided into two halves by an intermediate perpendicular plane, with each of the spray bars positioned in front of each of the respective halves of said concave mirror. As seen, the device includes a support piece 1 for attachment to the linkage frame with the joint rigid tractor, from whose support 1 extends a structure as a parallelogram composed of two tubular elements indicated by the numerical references 2, 3. These tubular elements are articulated by their respective proximal end with said support piece 1, so that the articulation of a tubular element 2 with the support part 1, is variable longitudinally by insertion of its proximal end into an opening 4 torn while the articulation of the other tubular element 3 has been made around a pivot axis. Between both tubular elements are extends a connecting rod 6 pivotally attached thereto for each of its extremes
En relación con los extremos distales de ambos elementos tubulares 2, 3, cada uno de ellos está unido de una manera diferenciada con dos brazos 7, 8 de tipo telescópicamente extensible, para lo cual, cada brazo 7, 8 incorpora un cilindro 9, 10 hidráulico respectivo adosado a su brazo correspondiente. Ambos brazos incluyen una barra de pulverización 11, 12 en sus respectivos extremos libres, de manera que cada barra 11, 12 de pulverización es susceptible de bascular con respecto a su brazo asociado merced a la interposición de una placa de pivotamiento 13, 14 impulsada por medio de un cilindro 15, 16 hidráulico respectivo. Tal y como se ha dicho anteriormente, las barras 11, 12 de pulverización incluyen una multiplicidad de boquillas pulverizadoras (no visibles en la Figura) para la proyección sobre la superficie cóncava del espejo 17 al que se enfrentan (por ejemplo, un espejo parabólico), el líquido de limpieza (por ejemplo, agua mezclada con otros componentes), alimentada desde un depósito adecuado portado por el propio tractor. También, según se ha dicho, cada barra 11, 12 de pulverización incluye sensores (no representados), con preferencia sensores de inducción, capacitados para detectar la proximidad entre las barras de pulverización y la superficie cóncava del espejo 17, a efectos de impedir que dichas barras lleguen a entrar en contacto con la superficie del espejo. In relation to the distal ends of both tubular elements 2, 3, each of them is joined in a way differentiated with two arms 7, 8 of telescopically extensible type, for which, each arm 7, 8 incorporates a respective hydraulic cylinder 9, 10 attached to his corresponding arm. Both arms include a spray bar 11, 12 at their respective free ends, so that each bar 11, 12 of spraying is likely to swing with respect to its associated arm thanks to the interposition of a pivot plate 13, 14 driven by means of a respective hydraulic cylinder 15, 16. As stated previously, the spray bars 11, 12 include a multiplicity of spray nozzles (not visible in the Figure) for projection on the concave surface of the mirror 17 they face (for example, a mirror parabolic), the cleaning liquid (for example, water mixed with others components), fed from a suitable tank carried by the own tractor. Also, as stated, each spray bar 11, 12 includes sensors (not shown), preferably induction sensors, trained to detect the proximity between the spray bars and the surface concave of mirror 17, in order to prevent said bars from entering in contact with the mirror surface.
Tal y como se ha mencionado en lo que antecede, la unión entre los extremos distales de los elementos tubulares 2, 3 de la estructura de paralelogramo y los brazos 7, 8, se realiza de una manera distinta predeterminada. Así, la vinculación entre el elemento tubular 3 y los brazos 7, 8, se realiza en dos puntos 21, 22 de pivotamiento, de modo que la unión entre el brazo 7 y el elemento tubular 3, se realiza mediante articulación en el extremo distal de este último, mientras que la unión entre el extremo del brazo 8 y el elemento tubular 3, se realiza en una posición 21 anterior al extremo distal de dicho elemento tubular 3, a una distancia predeterminada de dicho extremo distal. Por otra parte, la vinculación entre el extremo distal del elemento tubular 2 de la estructura de paralelogramo con los brazos 7, 8, se realiza en un punto 20 de articulación, común para ambos brazos. El dispositivo incluye además un cilindro hidráulico 18 que se extiende entre el soporte 1 y una pieza 19 que a modo de casquillo o abrazadera, está solidarizada al elemento tubular 2 de la estructura de paralelogramo. Con esta disposición, la extensión/contracción del vástago de dicho cilindro 18, provocará un movimiento combinado de pivotamiento del elemento tubular, junto con una eventual avance o retroceso en la medida que facilite la extensión de la abertura rasgada 4, arrastrando en dicho pivotamiento al otro elemento tubular 3, y con ello la desfiguración del paralelogramo respecto a la representación de la Figura 1, logrando que ambos brazos 7, 8 cambien sus posiciones relativas. El accionamiento de los cilindros 9, 10 permite regular la extensión de los brazos 7, 8 de forma simultánea o indistinta, y con ello un mayor o menor acercamiento de las barras 11, 12 de pulverización respecto a la superficie del espejo cóncavo 17 en la que se desea realizar la operación de limpieza. Adicionalmente, la actuación de los cilindros 15, 16, simultánea o indistinta, permite que ambas barras de pulverización o una cualquiera de ellas previamente seleccionada, rote mediante la articulación proporcionada por la placa 13, 14 de pivotamiento respectiva, y con ello se enfrente a las distintas porciones superficiales del espejo 17 cóncavo. El cambio en altura se logra desde la unión con el bastidor asociado al enganche del tractor. De ese modo, se puede realizar un barrido completo de la superficie de los espejos. As mentioned above, the junction between the distal ends of the tubular elements 2, 3 of the parallelogram structure and arms 7, 8, is done in a way different default. Thus, the link between the tubular element 3 and the arms 7, 8, is performed at two pivot points 21, 22, so that the union between the arm 7 and the tubular element 3, is carried out by joint at the distal end of the latter, while the union between the end of the arm 8 and the tubular element 3, is carried out in a position 21 anterior to the distal end of said tubular element 3, at a distance predetermined of said distal end. On the other hand, the link between distal end of the tubular element 2 of the parallelogram structure with the arms 7, 8, is performed at a joint point 20, common to both arms. The device further includes a hydraulic cylinder 18 that extends between the support 1 and a piece 19 which, as a bushing or clamp, is in solidarity with the tubular element 2 of the parallelogram structure. With this arrangement, the extension / contraction of the rod of said cylinder 18, will cause a combined pivoting movement of the tubular element, together with an eventual advance or retreat to the extent that facilitates the extension of the torn opening 4, dragging in said pivot to the other element tubular 3, and with it the disfigurement of the parallelogram with respect to the representation of Figure 1, getting both arms 7, 8 to change their relative positions. The operation of the cylinders 9, 10 allows to regulate the extension of the arms 7, 8 simultaneously or interchangeably, and with it a greater or lesser approach of the spray bars 11, 12 with respect to the concave mirror surface 17 on which it is desired to perform the operation of cleaning. Additionally, the actuation of cylinders 15, 16, simultaneously or indistinct, allows both spray bars or any one of them previously selected, rotate through the joint provided by the respective pivot plate 13, 14, and thereby face the various surface portions of the concave mirror 17. The change in height is achieved from the union with the frame associated with the tractor hitch. That way, a full scan of the surface of the mirrors can be performed.
Con preferencia, la alimentación hidráulica se realiza desde la central del propio tractor. Preferably, the hydraulic feed is made from the central of the tractor itself.
Tal y como se ha comentado anteriormente, la regulación de los distintos cilindros hidráulicos incorporados por el dispositivo, permite que se puedan llevar a cabo múltiples cambios posicionales de las barras 11, 12 de pulverización para su adaptación a las diversas situaciones prácticas que puedan presentarse durante las operaciones de limpieza. Un ejemplo ilustrativo de esta capacidad del dispositivo de la invención, ha sido representado gráficamente en la Figura 2, cuya representación (a) ilustra las dos barras 11, 12 de pulverización dispuestas de modo que los brazos 7, 8 que las sustentan forman entre sí un ángulo a de una determinada magnitud, mientras que el brazo 7 forma un ángulo b con el elemento tubular 2 de la estructura de paralelogramo, estando ambos brazos 7, 8 en la condición de extendidos. La representación (b) ilustra una posición de ambas barras de pulverización 11, 12 claramente diferenciada de la representación (a), derivada de la actuación del cilindro 18, de manera que los nuevos ángulos son tales que a '> a , b '< b , habiendo sido además activados los cilindros 9, 10 para contraerse y motivar la correspondiente reducción de los brazos 7, 8 de configuración telescópica. La representación (c) ilustra un caso similar a los anteriores, en el que el brazo 8 está en su condición de extendido y el brazo 7 está en su condición de retraído, de manera que la distancia entre barra pulverizadora 11 y la estructura de paralelogramo es considerablemente menor que entre dicha estructura y la barra de pulverización 12. Por último, la representación (d) ilustra la condición de plegado del dispositivo, en la que el cilindro hidráulico 18 ha sido activado para provocar su extensión y el consiguiente pivotamiento de la estructura de paralelogramo y de los brazos vinculados al extremo distal de la misma, hasta que se ha alcanzado la superposición de ambas barras 11, 12 de pulverización. Esta última condición es la que se ha definido anteriormente como posición de transporte o almacenaje. As previously mentioned, the regulation of the different hydraulic cylinders incorporated by the device, allows multiple positional changes to be made of the spray bars 11, 12 for adaptation to the various practical situations that may arise during the operations of cleaning. An illustrative example of this device capacity of the invention, has been represented graphically in Figure 2, whose representation (a) illustrates the two spray bars 11, 12 arranged in so that the arms 7, 8 that support them form an angle a of a certain magnitude, while arm 7 forms an angle b with the element tubular 2 of the parallelogram structure, both arms 7, 8 being in the extended condition. Representation (b) illustrates a position of both spray bars 11, 12 clearly differentiated from the representation (a), derived from the performance of cylinder 18, so that the new angles they are such that a '> a, b' <b, having also been activated the cylinders 9, 10 to contract and motivate the corresponding reduction of arms 7, 8 of telescopic configuration. Representation (c) illustrates a case similar to the previous ones, in which the arm 8 is in its condition of extended and arm 7 is in its retracted condition, so that the distance between spray bar 11 and the parallelogram structure is considerably less than between said structure and the spray bar 12. Finally, representation (d) illustrates the folding condition of the device, in which the hydraulic cylinder 18 has been activated to cause its extension and the consequent pivoting of the parallelogram structure and of the arms linked to the distal end thereof, until it has been reached the superposition of both spray bars 11, 12. This last condition is what has been previously defined as transport position or storage.
Como se comprenderá, con un dispositivo simple como el de la invención, susceptible de adoptar toda una gama de posiciones como las ilustradas en las representaciones a-d de la Figura 2, se consigue un barrido posicional completo de la superficie reflectante de los espejos cóncavos incluidos en las instalaciones termosolares, a efectos de limpieza de dicha superficie, de una manera rápida y eficaz, y con unas necesidades de mínimas de mantenimiento y unas garantías de durabilidad incrementada respecto a los dispositivos de la técnica actual. As will be understood, with a simple device like that of the invention, capable of adopting a whole range of positions such as illustrated in representations a-d of Figure 2, a sweep is achieved full positional reflective surface of concave mirrors included in the solar thermal installations, for the purpose of cleaning said surface, in a fast and efficient way, and with minimum needs of maintenance and guarantees of increased durability with respect to devices of the current technique.
No se considera necesario hacer más extenso el contenido de la presente descripción para que un experto en la materia pueda comprender su alcance y las ventajas que de la misma se derivan, así como llevar a cabo la realización práctica de su objeto. It is not considered necessary to make the content of the present description so that an expert in the field can understand its scope and the advantages that derive from it, as well as carry out the practical realization of its object.
No obstante lo anterior, y puesto que la descripción realizada corresponde únicamente con un ejemplo de realización preferida, se comprenderá que dentro de su esencialidad podrán introducirse múltiples modificaciones y variaciones de detalle, asimismo comprendidas dentro del alcance de la invención, y que en particular podrán afectar a características tales como la forma, el tamaño o los materiales de fabricación, o cualesquiera otras que no alteren la invención según ha sido descrita y según se define en las reivindicaciones que siguen. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and since the description performed corresponds only to a preferred embodiment example, will understand that within its essentiality multiple modifications and variations of detail, also included within the scope of the invention, and which in particular may affect features such as shape, size or manufacturing materials, or any others that do not alter the invention as described and as defined in the claims that follow.

Claims (5)

  1. Dispositivo de limpieza para paneles fotovoltaicos y paneles termosolares, en particular un dispositivo especialmente diseñado y construido para su aplicación a la limpieza de la superficie reflectante de los espejos cóncavos, parabólicos, incluidos en las instalaciones termosolares, estructurado a partir de un soporte (1) preparado para su fijación a un bastidor de vinculación a un tractor de desplazamiento y transporte del dispositivo y a través del cual se transfieren los esfuerzos a dicho bastidor, a cuyo soporte se encuentra articulada una estructura de paralelogramo constituida por dos elementos tubulares (2, 3), entre cuyo soporte (1) y uno (2) de los elementos tubulares de la estructura de paralelogramo se extiende un cilindro (18) hidráulico con la intervención de una abrazadera o casquillo (19) solidario con el citado elemento tubular (2), caracterizada porque la citada estructura de paralelogramo sustenta, por su extremo distal, dos brazos (7, 8) extensibles telescópicamente por la acción de un cilindro (9, 10) respectivo asociado a cada brazo, de los que cada uno de dichos brazos (7, 8) extensibles incluye en su extremo libre una barra (11, 12) pulverizadora unida articuladamente al extremo de su brazo asociado por medio de una placa (13, 14) pivotante.Cleaning device for photovoltaic panels and solar thermal panels, in particular a specially designed device and Built for application to clean the reflective surface of the concave, parabolic mirrors, included in solar thermal installations, structured from a support (1) prepared for fixing to a linkage frame to a displacement and transport tractor device and through which the forces are transferred to said frame, at whose support a parallelogram structure is articulated constituted by two tubular elements (2, 3), between whose support (1) and one (2) of the tubular elements of the parallelogram structure extends a hydraulic cylinder (18) with the intervention of a clamp or bushing (19) in solidarity with the said tubular element (2), characterized in that said Parallelogram structure supports, at its distal end, two arms (7, 8) telescopically extensible by the action of a respective cylinder (9, 10) associated to each arm, of which each of said extendable arms (7, 8) includes at its free end a spray bar (11, 12) attached sprayer articulated to the end of its associated arm by means of a plate (13, 14) pivoting
  2. Dispositivo según la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque ambos brazos (7, 8) extensibles están unidos a uno (3) de los elementos tubulares de la estructura de paralelogramo en puntos (21, 22) de articulación distanciados entre sí a partir del extremo distal de dicho elemento tubular (3), y porque la unión con el otro elemento tubular (2) de la estructura de paralelogramo se realiza en un punto (20) de articulación común para ambos brazos.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that both extendable arms (7, 8) are attached to one (3) of the elements Tubular parallelogram structure in points (21, 22) of articulation distanced from each other from the distal end of said tubular element (3), and because the union with the other tubular element (2) of the structure of Parallelogram is made at a common joint point (20) for both arms.
  3. Dispositivo según las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizada porque cada brazo (7, 8) extensible incluye un cilindro (15, 16) hidráulico respectivo extendido entre el propio brazo y la placa (13, 14) de pivotamiento respectiva asociada a cada barra (11, 12) de pulverización.Device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized because each extendable arm (7, 8) includes a hydraulic cylinder (15, 16) respective extended between the arm itself and the pivot plate (13, 14) respective associated to each spray bar (11, 12).
  4. Dispositivo según las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizada porque entre dichos elementos tubulares (2, 3) de la estructura de paralelogramo se extiende una biela (6) articulada por sus respectivos extremos a ambos elementos.Device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized because between said tubular elements (2, 3) of the structure of parallelogram extends a connecting rod (6) articulated by their respective ends to both elements.
  5. Dispositivo según una o más de las reivindicaciones anteriores, caracterizada porque cada una de las mencionadas barras (11, 12) de pulverización incluye una multiplicidad de boquillas para la proyección de líquido de limpieza sobre la superficie del espejo cóncavo (17) a limpiar, así como sensores de inducción para regular la distancia entre dichas barras y la superficie del espejo cóncavo (17) a efectos de impedir un contacto de las barras con la superficie del espejo.Device according to one or more of the claims above, characterized in that each of the aforementioned bars (11, 12) of spraying includes a multiplicity of nozzles for the projection of cleaning liquid on the surface of the concave mirror (17) to be cleaned as well as induction sensors to regulate the distance between said bars and the concave mirror surface (17) in order to prevent a contact of the bars with the mirror surface.
PCT/ES2011/070455 2010-07-07 2011-06-22 Cleaning device for photovoltaic panels and solar thermal panels WO2012004435A1 (en)

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ES201031040A ES2375859B8 (en) 2010-07-07 2010-07-07 ADDITION TO MAIN PATENT NO. P-200803664 FOR "CLEANING DEVICE FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS AND THERMOSOLAR PANELS".

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ES2375859B8 (en) 2013-04-12

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