WO2012003614A1 - 一种口腔种植体装置 - Google Patents

一种口腔种植体装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012003614A1
WO2012003614A1 PCT/CN2010/001523 CN2010001523W WO2012003614A1 WO 2012003614 A1 WO2012003614 A1 WO 2012003614A1 CN 2010001523 W CN2010001523 W CN 2010001523W WO 2012003614 A1 WO2012003614 A1 WO 2012003614A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
implant
cylindrical
micro
abutment
hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/001523
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖帮琳
林西
梁韧
Original Assignee
西安中邦种植体技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 西安中邦种植体技术有限公司 filed Critical 西安中邦种植体技术有限公司
Priority to DE212010000153U priority Critical patent/DE212010000153U1/de
Publication of WO2012003614A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012003614A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0019—Blade implants
    • A61C8/0021—Blade implants with self-incising cutting edge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0022—Self-screwing
    • A61C8/0025—Self-screwing with multiple threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0066—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with positioning means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0068—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with an additional screw
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of oral dental medicine, in particular to an oral implant device for implanting a titanium metal implant in an alveolar bone by surgical operation.
  • the operation procedure is complicated, the initial stability is poor, and bone resorption occurs. It is difficult to put the implant and the abutment in place.
  • the micro-motion of the abutment relative to the implant causes the gap to be generated, causing leakage, and the upper parts may be loosened. These may cause the restoration effect of the implant. Ideal or repair failed.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art mentioned above, and to provide an oral implant device which is novel in structure, easy to operate, high in stability, good in sealing property, precise in fitting, not easy to loose, and can reduce or avoid bone resorption.
  • the technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the prior art problem is that the device mainly comprises an implant body and a matching abutment and a fastening bolt thereof, wherein the shape of the implant body is cylindrical by a multi-head micro-thread.
  • the upper part is composed of a micro-tapered conical middle portion and a spherical lower portion with equal-depth main threads and a cutting groove group, and a three-stage cavity is arranged in the implant body, and an upper conical hole, a middle cylindrical hole and a lower screw hole are provided below the end surface.
  • the base of the abutment is provided with a cylinder and a cone matched with the cylindrical hole and the conical hole of the implant, and the cylindrical hole and the cylinder are respectively provided with cooperating convex keys and key grooves, fastening bolts and implant bodies
  • the lower part of the silk thread is tightly fitted with the ⁇ joint, so that the abutment and the implant are integrally connected.
  • the upper surface of the cylindrical shape of the implant is provided with a multi-head micro-thread, the lead of the micro-thread is equal to the pitch of the main thread on the middle of the micro-tapered conical shape; the micro-tapered conical central surface of the implant has an equal-depth main thread.
  • the main thread is gradually ejected at the joint of the upper part of the cylinder and the middle part of the conical shape, and the shape of the thread is asymmetric trapezoid;
  • the small end of the micro-tapered conical middle portion of the implant has a 45 degree chamfer, and the chamfer radial dimension is equal to the main
  • the depth of the thread, the main thread runs through the chamfer; there are 1-5 convex keys on the cylindrical hole in the implant;
  • the micro-tapered conical middle part of the implant has a group of 1-3 groups of cutting grooves arranged in groups. 5-1
  • the cylindrical cutting groove is formed by a cylindrical surface and a plane perpendicular to each other, and the cylindrical surface diameter is 1. 5-.
  • the cylindrical cutting groove is formed by a cylindrical surface and a plane perpendicular to each other. 2. Within 5 mm, each such cylindrical cutting groove covers two threaded teeth; an abutment transition section is provided between the abutment cone of the abutment and the abutment handle, and the abutment handle is inserted into the implant part, Cylinder and The cone is formed by a shallow annular groove and a key groove on the cylinder, and the key groove opening is in the shape of a bell mouth, the number of which is equal to the number of convex keys in the implant or an integral multiple of the number of convex keys; the end of the cylinder of the base handle is provided Rounded corners; the lower end of the fastening bolt head is a 45-60 degree head cone that cooperates with the corresponding inner conical surface of the stepped internal stepped bore.
  • the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: 1.
  • the shape of the implant is composed of a cylinder and a micro-tapered cone, which is convenient for implantation, shortens the operation time, and can obtain an appropriate bone compression effect.
  • the upper part of the cylindrical shape is provided with micro-threads, which increases the surface area and enables this part and the superficial bone. Good contact to increase initial stability and contribute to long-term osseointegration stability.
  • the outer surface of the micro-tapered conical central portion is provided with an equal-depth asymmetric trapezoidal external thread, which can greatly increase the contact area with the bone, and provide good initial stability and long-term bone-binding stability after surgery.
  • the small taper conical surface, cylindrical surface and convex key connection between the implant and the abutment can provide excellent sealing, high connection accuracy and reliability, and excellent abutment anti-rotation performance. 5.
  • the transition section of the circular arc in the middle of the abutment provides a soft tissue growth space, so that the surface of the abutment leaves the implant platform, that is, leaves the bone, so it has a platform conversion structure, which can help reduce or eliminate the occurrence of bone resorption. 6.
  • the cylindrical cutting grooves arranged in a spiral shape have higher cutting efficiency and less influence on the weakening of the implant strength.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the utility model
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the structure of the implant of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a positional relationship diagram of a set of cutting grooves of the implant of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the implant of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic sectional view showing the base of the utility model
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the base handle of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the fastening bolt of the present invention.
  • Implant 1 abutment 2, fastening bolt 3, main thread 11, micro-thread 12, end chamfer 13, end face 14, male key 15, tapered bore 16, cylindrical bore 17, threaded bore 18, cutting
  • the groove 19 the cylindrical upper portion 100, the micro-tapered conical central portion 101, the spherical lower portion 102, the chamfer 103, the cutting groove plane 191, the cutting groove cylindrical surface 192, the rounded corner 21, the key groove 22, the cylindrical body 23, the inner circular arc body transition Segment 24, abutment side 25, abutment cone 26, stepped bore 27, cone 28, shallow annular groove 29, crown screw hole 201, stepped bore inner conical surface 202, head cone 31.
  • the utility model is composed of an implant (1) and a matching base (2) and fastening bolts (3) thereof.
  • the implant (1) profile consists of a cylindrical upper part with a multi-headed micro-thread (12)
  • the (101) and the spherical lower part (102) are composed of a three-section cavity in the implant (1), and an upper conical hole (16), a middle cylindrical hole (17) and a lower screw hole (18) from the end surface.
  • the abutment of the abutment (2) is provided with a cylinder (23) and a cone (28) which cooperate with the cylindrical hole (17) and the conical hole (16) of the implant (1), and the cylindrical hole (17) And the cylinder (23) are respectively provided with cooperating convex keys (15) and key grooves (22), fastening bolts (3) and implants
  • the upper part of the cylindrical upper part (100) of the implant (1) is provided with a multi-head micro-thread (12) whose lead is equal to the pitch of the main thread (11) on the micro-tapered conical middle part (101); the implant (1)
  • the shape of the micro-tapered conical middle portion (101) is provided with an equal-depth main thread (11) which is gradually ejected at the joint of the cylindrical upper portion (100) and the conical central portion (101), and the thread shape is The asymmetrical trapezoid;
  • the implant (1) has a 45-degree chamfer (103) at the small end of the micro-tapered conical middle section (101), and the chamfered radial dimension is equal to the main thread depth, and the main thread runs through the chamfer
  • the implant (1) has 1-5 convex keys (15) on the cylindrical hole (17); the implant (1) has a micro-tapered conical middle (101) with a group of cutting grooves (19).
  • each set of cutting grooves consisting of 3-5 cylindrical cutting grooves (19), which are offset from each other by 22. 5 ⁇ 1 degree spirally distributed, cylindrical cutting grooves (19) are perpendicular to each other Between the surface (192) and the plane (191), the cylindrical surface diameter is between 1. 5 and 2.
  • each such cylindrical cutting groove (19) covers two threaded teeth;
  • the abutment cone (26) is provided with an inner circular arc body transition section (24) between the base handle, and the base handle is a part inserted into the implant (1), and is composed of a cylinder (23) and a cone ( 28) constituted by a cylinder
  • the body (23) is provided with a shallow annular groove (29) and a key groove (22), and the opening of the key groove (22) is flared, the number of which is equal to the number of the convex keys (15) or the convex keys in the implant (1) ( 15) Integer multiple of the number;
  • the end of the cylinder (23) of the base handle is provided with rounded corners (21);
  • the fastening bolt (3) is a 45-60 degree head cone (31) at the lower end of the head, this cone
  • the body (31) cooperates with a corresponding inner conical surface (202) of the stepped inner hole (27) of the abutment.
  • the surface of the cylindrical upper portion 100 of the implant of the present invention is provided with a multi-head micro-thread 12, the lead of which is equal to the micro-tapered conical central portion 101
  • the pitch of the thread 11 and the micro-thread can increase the contact area between the part and the superficial bone, increase the initial stability and long-term bone-bonding stability, and the lead is equal to the main iliac-line distance to achieve two kinds of screw pairs when screwed into the bone. Synchronous precession of the bone to avoid undue axial cutting of the bone due to their unequalities.
  • the utility model has an equal-diameter main thread 11 on the surface of the micro-tapered conical central portion 101.
  • the main thread is gradually ejected at the joint of the cylindrical upper portion 100 and the conical central portion 101, and the thread shape is an asymmetrical trapezoid.
  • the thread can greatly increase the contact area with the bone, and can disperse the force, so that the implant can have good initial stability when implanted into the bone, so as to facilitate bone growth and osseointegration, and the micro-tapered conical middle portion is screwed into the bone.
  • Appropriate bone compression can also be produced, which is beneficial to the initial stability after implantation, and also increases the surgeon's perception of the depth of implantation, ie the deeper the screwing, the tighter the feeling.
  • the small end of the micro-tapered conical central portion 101 of the implant has a 45 degree chamfer 103, and the chamfered radial dimension is just equal to the main thread depth.
  • the main thread runs through the chamfer and just fills the chamfer. This chamfer has a guiding effect during the surgical screwing process when the self-tapping is performed during the operation, or when the internal thread has been prepared in the bone hole.
  • the utility model has a 1-5 convex key 15 disposed on the cylindrical hole 17 in the implant body, and the convex key cooperates with the key groove 22 on the base to realize the anti-rotation effect of the abutment, and is also an implant wrenching structure for Using a tool to screw the implant into the bone during surgery, the convex key can belong to The rectangular key class, ie, its two sides are parallel, also parallel to the implant axis but not through the axis.
  • the implanted shape of the implant has a micro-tapered conical central portion 101 provided with a group of 19 sets of cutting grooves. This spiral-shaped cylindrical cutting groove is more efficient in cutting and the edge is easy to maintain sharpness. Of course, this sharpness is relative and can also improve the weakening of the implant caused by the traditional single groove shape.
  • the base cone 26 of the base 2 of the utility model and the base handle are provided with an inner circular arc body transition section 24, and the inner circular arc body transition section can provide a growth space for the soft tissue, and the base surface is separated from the implant platform.
  • the implant end face 14, thus having a platform-converting structure, can help reduce or eliminate the occurrence of bone resorption, while the shallow annular groove 29 prevents assembly interference between the abutment and the implant from the sharp corners between the male and female partners. The touch will affect assembly accuracy and stability.
  • the end of the cylindrical body 23 of the base handle of the present invention is provided with a rounded corner 21 which has a guiding effect when the abutment is inserted into the cylindrical hole 17 of the implant body.
  • the lower end of the fastening bolt head of the utility model is a 45-60 degree head cone 31, and the cone 31 cooperates with the corresponding inner conical surface 202 of the stepped inner hole 27 of the base, and the contact area between the two is increased compared with the conventional plane. A lot bigger, it helps to prevent looseness. The smaller the cone angle of the cone, the better the relaxation effect. 45 degrees is better than the 60 degree anti-loose effect, but it requires a larger disassembly torque.

Abstract

一种口腔种植体装置，包括种植体（1）、基台（2）和紧固螺栓（3），该种植体（1）外表面由设有微型螺纹（12）的圆柱形上部（1QQ）、设有主螺纹（11）及切削槽（19）组的圆锥形中部（1Q1）和球形下部（1Q2）所组成。种植体（1）内设置三段式空腔，其上段为圆锥孔（16）、中段为圆柱孔（17），下段为螺丝孔（18）。基台（2）上设有分别与种植体的圆柱孔（17）和圆锥孔（16）相配合的圆柱体（23）和圆锥体（28），圆柱体（23）和圆锥体（28）上分别设有相互配合的凸键（15）和键槽（22）。紧固螺栓（3）与螺丝孔（18）配合，使基台（2）与种植体（1）连接为一体。

Description

说 明 书 一种口腔种植体装置
技术领域
本实用新型涉及口腔牙科医学技术领域，具体地说是通过外科手 术， 在牙槽骨内植入钛金属种植体的一种口腔种植体装置。
背景技术
建立在钛金属骨结合理论基础之上的现代口腔种植义齿技术自 上世纪 60年代被发明以来， 已在临床上得到广泛应用， 临床实践证 明了其有效性和实用性，随着现代社会对口腔修复治疗日益增长的需 求，传统的固定义齿和可摘义齿在很多方面显得越来越难以满足人们 的愿望， 在这种情况下， 口腔种植医疗技术表现出了明显的优越性， 它填补了传统修复技术局限性所留下的一些空间， 而且不断发展成 熟，接受种植修复者有了几乎与天然牙齿一样的咀嚼功能感受， 以及 与天然牙齿一样甚至有所超越的美学观感，已成为或将会成为牙齿缺 损修复治疗的首选。因此， 口腔种植义齿的广泛开展和应用解决了临 床上牙齿缺失带来的一系列美观和功能上的问题，然而，手术操作过 程复杂、初期稳定性不佳、有骨吸收现象发生， 修复过程中种植体与 基台之间难以就位，咀嚼过程中因受力使基台相对于种植体的微量运 动导致缝隙产生从而引起泄露，上部零部件会松动等问题，这些都可 能导致种植修复效果不理想或修复失败。
发明内容
本实用新型的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术的不足，提供一种 结构新颖、 操作容易、 稳定性高、 密封性好、 配合精密、 不易松动、 可减少或避免骨吸收的口腔种植体装置。 本实用新型解决现有技术问题所采用的技术方案是：本装置主要 有种植体及其与之相配的基台和紧固螺栓组成，其特征在于种植体外 形由设有多头微型螺紋的圆柱形上部、设有等深度主螺纹及切削槽组 的微锥度圆锥形中部和球形下部所组成， 种植体内设有三段式空腔， 自端面之下设有上段圆锥孔、中段圆柱孔和下段螺丝孔，基台的基台 柄上设有与种植体圆柱孔和圆锥孔相配合的圆柱体和圆锥体，圆柱孔 和圆柱体上分别设有相互配合的凸键和键槽，紧固螺栓与种植体内的 下段嫘丝孔紧配合嫘连接， 使基台与种植体固连为一体。
种植体外形圆柱形上部的表面上设有多头微型螺紋，此微型螺纹 的导程等于微锥度圆锥形中部上主螺紋的螺距；种植体外形微锥度圆 锥形中部表面上设有等深度主螺紋，此主螺紋在圆柱形上部与圆锥形 中部结合处渐浅退出，螺紋牙形状为不对称梯形；种植体外形微锥度 圆锥形中部的小端设有 45度倒角， 倒角径向尺寸等于主螺紋深度， 主螺纹贯穿此倒角而出；种植体内圆柱孔上设有 1-5个凸键；种植体 外形微锥度圆锥形中部上设有成组分布的切削槽组 1-3组，每组切削 槽由 3-5个圆柱形切削槽构成,彼此相互错开 22. 5± 1度呈螺旋分布， 圆柱形切削槽由相互垂直的圆柱面和平面所构成， 圆柱面直径在 1. 5-2. 5mm间， 每个这样的圆柱形切削槽覆盖两个螺紋牙； 基台的基 台锥与基台柄间设有内圆弧面体过渡段， 基台柄是插入种植体的部 分， 由圆柱体和圆锥体所构成,圆柱体上设有浅环形槽和键槽， 键槽 开口呈喇叭口状，其数量等于种植体内凸键的数量或是凸键数的整数 倍；基台柄的圆柱体末端设有圆角；紧固螺栓头部下端是 45- 60度的 头部圆锥体， 此圆锥体与基台内部阶梯孔的相应内圆锥面相互配合。
本实用新型的有益效果是： 1、 种植体外形由圆柱体与微锥度圆 锥体等所组成，便于植入，减短手术时间，并可获得适当骨压缩效果。
2、 圆柱形上部设有微型螺紋， 增大了表面积， 能使这部分与表层骨 良好接触以增加初期稳定性并有利于长期骨结合稳定性。 3、 微锥度 圆锥形中部外表面设有等深度非对称梯形外螺紋，可大大增加与骨的 接触面积，提供手术后良好的初期稳定性和长期的骨结合稳定性。 4、 种植体与基台间采用小锥度圆锥面、圆柱面以及凸键连接方式， 可提 供极好的密封性、较高的连接精度和可靠性，及优良的基台抗旋转性 能。 5、 基台中间内圆弧面体过渡段提供了软组织生长空间， 使基台 表面离开种植体平台也即离开骨， 因此具有平台转换结构，可帮助减 少或消除骨吸收的发生。 6、 呈螺旋状成组分布的圆柱形切削槽切削 效率更高， 对种植体强度的减弱影响更小。
附图说明
图 1是本实用新型结构构造示意图；
图 2是本实用新型种植体结构剖切示意图；
图 3是本实用新型种植体一组切削槽位置关系图；
图 4是本实用新型种植体外形构造示意图；
图 5是本实用新型基台剖切结构示意图；
图 6是本实用新型基台柄结构示意图；
图 7是本实用新型紧固螺栓结构示意图。
图中标记： 种植体 1、 基台 2、 紧固螺栓 3、 主螺纹 11、 微型螺 纹 12、 端面倒角 13、 端面 14、 凸键 15、 圆锥孔 16、 圆柱孔 17、 螺 纹孔 18、切削槽 19、 圆柱形上部 100、微锥度圆锥形中部 101、球形 下部 102、 倒角 103、 切削槽平面 191、 切削槽圆柱面 192、 圆角 21、 键槽 22、 圆柱体 23、 内圆弧面体过渡段 24、 基台边 25、 基台锥 26、 阶梯孔 27、 圆锥体 28、 浅环形槽 29、 牙冠螺丝孔 201、 阶梯孔内圆 锥面 202、 头部圆锥体 31。 具体实施方式
附图为本实用新型最佳实施例，下面结合附图对本实用新型作进 一步描述：本实用新型由种植体 (1)及其与之相配的基台 (2)和紧固螺 栓 (3)组成； 种植体（1)外形由设有多头微型螺紋 (12)的圆柱形上部
(100)、 设有等深度主螺紋 (11)及切削槽 (19)组的微锥度圆锥形中部
(101)和球形下部 (102)所组成， 种植体 (1) 内设有三段式空腔， 自 端面之下设有上段圆锥孔 (16)、 中段圆柱孔 (17)和下段螺丝孔 (18) , 基台（2)的基台柄上设有与种植体 (1)圆柱孔 (17)和圆锥孔（16) 相配合的圆柱体 (23)和圆锥体 (28)， 圆柱孔（17)和圆柱体（23)上 分别设有相互配合的凸键 (15)和键槽 (22) , 紧固螺栓（3)与种植体
( 1)内的下段嫘丝孔（18)紧配合螺连接，使基台（2)与种植体（1) 固连为一体。
种植体（1)外形圆柱形上部（100)的表面上设有多头微型螺纹 (12) , 此微型螺紋的导程等于微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)上主螺紋 (11) 的螺距；种植体（1)外形微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)表面上设有等深度 主螺紋 (11) ,此主螺紋在圆柱形上部 (100)与圆锥形中部 (101)结合处 渐浅退出， 螺纹牙形状为不对称梯形； 种植体（1 )外形微锥度圆锥 形中部 (101)的小端设有 45度倒角（103)， 倒角径向尺寸等于主螺纹 深度，主螺纹贯穿此倒角而出；种植体（1)内圆柱孔 (17)上设有 1-5 个凸键 (15) ; 种植体（1)外形微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)上设有成组分 布的切削槽（19)组 1-3组， 每组切削槽由 3-5个圆柱形切削槽（19) 构成， 彼此相互错开 22. 5±1度呈螺旋分布， 圆柱形切削槽（19)由 相互垂直的圆柱面（192)和平面（191)所构成， 圆柱面直径在 1. 5-2. 5 间， 每个这样的圆柱形切削槽（19)覆盖两个螺紋牙； 基 台 (2)的基台锥 (26)与基台柄间设有内圆弧面体过渡段 (24)， 基台柄 是插入种植体（1)的部分， 由圆柱体 (23)和圆锥体 (28)所构成，圆柱 体 (23)上设有浅环形槽 (29)和键槽 (22)，键槽（22)开口呈喇叭口状， 其数量等于种植体（1) 内凸键 (15)的数量或是凸键（15)数的整数 倍； 基台柄的圆柱体 (23)末端设有圆角 (21) ; 紧固螺栓（3)头部下 端是 45-60度的头部圆锥体 (31)， 此圆锥体 (31)与基台内部阶梯孔 (27)的相应内圆锥面 (202)相互配合。
下面结合本实用新型各结构构造的功能效果做进一步说明： 本实用新型种植体外形圆柱形上部 100的表面上设有多头微型 螺紋 12， 此微型螺紋的导程等于微锥度圆锥形中部 101上主螺紋 11 的螺距，微型螺紋可以增大此部分与表层骨的接触面积，增加初期稳 定性和长期的骨结合稳定性，导程与主嫘纹嫘距相等可实现旋入骨内 时两种螺对骨的同步旋进，以避免因它们不相等时产生对骨的不适当 的轴向切割作用。
本实用新型种植体外形微锥度圆锥形中部 101 表面上设有等深 度主螺紋 11， 此主螺紋在圆柱形上部 100与圆锥形中部 101结合处 渐浅退出，螺紋牙形状为不对称梯形， 主螺紋可以大大增加与骨的接 触面积，并可分散受力，使种植体在植入骨内时能有良好的初期稳定 性， 以便于骨生长和骨结合，微锥度圆锥形中部在旋入骨内时还可产 生适当的骨压缩作用，有利于植入手术后的初期稳定性，也可增加手 术医生对植入深度的感知， 即旋入越深会感觉越紧。
本实用新型种植体外形微锥度圆锥形中部 101的小端设有 45度 倒角 103， 倒角径向尺寸刚好等于主螺紋深度， 主螺紋贯穿此倒角而 出就刚好占满此倒角，此倒角在手术中自攻旋入时，或是骨孔内已制 备内螺紋时在手术旋入过程中有引导作用。
本实用新型种植体内圆柱孔 17上设有 1-5个凸键 15, 此凸键与 基台上的键槽 22相互配合， 可实现基台抗旋转作用， 同时也是种植 体扳拧结构，用于手术中使用工具将种植体旋入骨内， 凸键可以属于 矩形键类， 即， 其两侧面平行， 也平行于种植体轴线但不通过轴线。 本实用新型种植体外形微锥度圆锥形中部 101 上设有成组分布 的切削槽 19组。 这种螺旋分布的圆柱形切削槽切削效率更髙， 刃口 易保持锋利， 当然这种锋利是相对的，也可改善传统单一槽形所造成 的种植体强度减弱情况。
本实用新型基台 2的基台锥 26与基台柄间设有内圆弧面体过渡 段 24， 这个内圆弧面体过渡段可为软组织提供生长空间， 并使基台 表面离开种植体平台即种植体端面 14， 因此具有平台转换结构， 可 以帮助减少或消除骨吸收的发生， 而浅环形槽 29则可防止基台与种 植体间的装配干涉，这种干涉来自阴阳配偶件间尖角处的碰触，将影 响装配精度和稳定性。
本实用新型基台柄的圆柱体 23末端设有圆角 21， 此圆角在将基 台插入种植体内圆柱孔 17时有引导作用。
本实用新型紧固螺栓头部下端是 45-60度的头部圆锥体 31， 此 圆锥体 31与基台内部阶梯孔 27的相应内圆锥面 202相互配合，两者 接触面积比传统的平面增大很多，有利于防止松动，此圆锥体的锥角 越小， 放松效果越好， 45度要比 60度的防松效果更好， 但却需要更 大的拆卸力矩。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种口腔种植体装置，包括种植体 (1)及其与之相配的基台 (2) 和紧固螺栓 (3)，其特征在于种植体（1)外形由设有多头微型螺紋 (12) 的圆柱形上部 (100)、 设有等深度主螺紋 (11)及切削槽 (19)组的微锥 度圆锥形中部 (101)和球形下部 (102)所组成， 种植体（1 ) 内设有三 段式空腔， 自端面之下设有上段圆锥孔 (16)、中段圆柱孔 (17)和下段 螺丝孔 (18) , 基台 （2) 的基台柄上设有与种植体（1) 圆柱孔（17) 和圆锥孔（16)相配合的圆柱体 (23)和圆锥体 (28)， 圆柱孔 ( 17)和 圆柱体（23)上分别设有相互配合的凸键 (15)和键槽 (22)， 紧固螺栓
(3)与种植体（1)内的下段螺丝孔（18)紧配合螺连接，使基台（2) 与种植体（1) 固连为一体。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于种植体 ( 1 )外形圆柱形上部 (100)的表面上设有多头微型螺纹 (12)，此微型 螺纹的导程等于微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)上主螺纹 (11)的螺距。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于种植体 (1)外形微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)表面上设有等深度主螺纹 (11)，此 主螺紋在圆柱形上部 (100)与圆锥形中部 (101)结合处渐浅退出，螺纹 牙形状为不对称梯形。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于种植体 ( 1 )外形微锥度圆锥形中部 (101)的小端设有 45度倒角（103) ,倒角 径向尺寸等于主螺紋深度， 主螺紋贯穿此倒角而出。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于种植体 ( 1 ) 内圆柱孔 (17)上设有 1-5个凸键 (15)。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于种植体 ( 1 )外形微锥度圆锥形中部（101)上设有成组分布的切削槽（19)组 1 - 3组， 每组切削槽由 3-5个圆柱形切削槽 (19)构成， 彼此相互错开 22. 5±1度呈螺旋分布，圆柱形切削槽 (19)由相互垂直的圆柱面 (192) 和平面 (191)所构成， 圆柱面直径在 1. 5- 2. 5删间， 每个这样的圆柱 形切削槽（19)覆盖两个螺紋牙。
7、根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置，其特征在于基台 (2) 的基台锥 (26)与基台柄间设有内圆弧面体过渡段 (24)，基台柄是插入 种植体（1)的部分， 由圆柱体 (23)和圆锥体 (28)所构成,圆柱体 (23) 上设有浅环形槽 (29)和键槽 (22) , 键槽（22)开口呈喇叭口状， 其数 量等于种植体（1) 内凸键 (15)的数量或是凸键（15)数的整数倍。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于基台柄 的圆柱体 (23)末端设有圆角 (21)。
9、 根据权利要求 1所述的口腔种植体装置， 其特征在于紧固螺 栓（3)头部下端是 45-60度的头部圆锥体 (31) , 此圆锥体 (31)与基 台内部阶梯孔 (27)的相应内圆锥面 (202)相互配合。
PCT/CN2010/001523 2010-07-06 2010-09-29 一种口腔种植体装置 WO2012003614A1 (zh)

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FR3051659A1 (fr) * 2016-05-24 2017-12-01 Mohamed Semmar Implant dentaire offre un bon ancrage primaire et favorise une adaptation a toute densites osseuses
CN108392280A (zh) * 2018-04-20 2018-08-14 烟台毓璜顶医院 一种具有适宜初期载荷刺激的口腔种植体
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