WO2012002631A1

WO2012002631A1 - Gunpowder-type self-locking bolt

Info

Publication number: WO2012002631A1
Application number: PCT/KR2010/009577
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김동진; 이정복; 김남춘; 이응조
Original assignee: 주식회사 한화
Priority date: 2010-07-02
Filing date: 2010-12-30
Publication date: 2012-01-05
Also published as: KR101060588B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a gunpowder-type self-locking bolt. Particularly, the gunpowder-type self-locking bolt comprises: a plurality of bolt holes (116, 216, 316, 416) extending at a side of the bolt in the longitudinal direction thereof; gunpowder (118, 218, 318, 418) inserted in the bottoms defining the bolt holes; a plurality of first fixing members (122, 222, 322, 422) disposed in the bottoms defining the bolt holes for positioning the gunpowder and coupling to percussion caps; and a plurality of second fixing members (126, 216, 316, 416) disposed at the inlets of the bolt holes, and coupled to hammers for striking the percussion caps. Accordingly, the unscrewing of the bolt can be completely prevented. In addition, the ingress of water between a structure and the bolt is prevented to thereby prevent inner corrosion and contamination. Furthermore, a process of preventing the unscrewing of the bolt is simple and efficient, and the process time is reduced. Moreover, the expansion rate of the bolt in accordance with the explosion energy of the gunpowder can be effectively controlled in the design stage.

Description

Explosive Locking Bolts

The present invention relates to an anti-loosening bolt, and more particularly, to an anti-loosening bolt using gunpowder explosion force.

Bolts are widely used in the automotive industry, railway industry, and mechanical structures, but they have a fatal weakness that can cause accidents due to loosening of screws when subjected to external loads such as shock and vibration.

Recently, according to the trend of enormous structure, many steel structures with high self-weight and stiffness are being constructed. Due to the characteristics of such structures, many joints are generated, and the most commonly used method is bolting method. However, the most problematic problem when tightening the bolts as described above is the loosening phenomenon, but in order to solve this problem, conventionally, welding or adhesives are used to prevent the loosening of the bolts, but welding is not possible to use in a specific environment and the adhesives are not completely loosened. There is no effect.

An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-loosening bolt for preventing loosening by expanding the specific part of the bolt by operating the gunpowder inside the bolt by a simple operation after coupling while maintaining the mechanical strength of the bolt.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a powder loosening bolt for effectively adjusting the expansion rate of the bolt by the explosion energy of the gunpowder.

Powdered anti-loosening bolt of the present invention, the bolt hole formed in the longitudinal direction on one side of the bolt, the gunpowder inserted into the bottom side of the bolt hole, and provided on the bottom side of the bolt hole to position the powder A first fixing member coupled to the primer, and a second fixing member coupled to the sinking provided on the inlet side of the bolt hole hitting the primer.

The second fixing member is screwed into the bolt hole.

The first fixing member is formed with a gunpowder filling hole for filling the gunpowder.

An expansion rate adjusting hole is formed at the bottom of the bolt hole to absorb the explosive energy to adjust the expansion rate of the bolt body portion.

According to the gunpowder loosening bolt of the present invention can prevent the bolt loosening completely, water does not penetrate between the structure and the bolt to prevent internal corrosion and contamination, and to prevent loosening operation is simple, efficient and shorten the working time effect There is.

In addition, according to the gunpowder anti-loosening bolt of the present invention it is possible to effectively adjust the expansion rate of the bolt by the explosive energy of the gunpowder during design.

1 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder preventing bolt according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of FIG. 1;

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder anti-loosening bolt according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

Figure 4 (a) and (b) is a schematic diagram showing the final tightening state of the conventional bolt and the loosening bolt of the present invention,

5 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder preventing bolt according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a graph showing the expansion rate of the bolt body according to the depth of the expansion rate adjustment hole of the gunpowder lock bolt of Figure 5,

7 is a graph showing an unwinding torque value according to the expansion rate of FIG. 6;

Figure 8 (a) and (b) is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a structure fastening state of the conventional bolt and the loosening bolt preventing the loosening bolt according to the first embodiment of the present invention,

9 is a view showing a stress distribution analysis results of the conventional fastening state of the bolt according to the condition of Fig. 8 (a),

10 is a view showing a stress distribution analysis result of the fastening state of the anti-explosion bolt of the first embodiment of the present invention according to the condition of Figure 8 (b),

11 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder anti-loosening bolt according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

12 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing a state in which a nut is coupled to the bolt of FIG.

Figure 13 (a) and (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a structure fastening state of the conventional bolt and the loosening anti-bolt bolt according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a stress distribution analysis result of a fastening state of a conventional bolt according to the condition of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a stress distribution analysis result of the fastened state of the anti-loosening bolt of the fourth embodiment of the present invention according to the condition of FIG. 13 (b).

* Description of the major symbols in the drawings *

110,210,310,410: Loosening prevention bolt 116,216,316,416: Bolt hole

118,218,318,418: Gunpowder 120,220,320,420: Primer

122,222,322,422: first fixing member 124,224,324,424: sunk

126,226,326,426: Second fixing member 128,228,328,428: Temporary fixing pin

330,430: Expansion rate adjusting hole

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram showing the anti- loosening bolt 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of FIG. As shown in the drawing, a bolt hole 116 is formed in the longitudinal direction at one side (head) of the bolt including the body part 112 (including the screw part) and the head part 114, and at the bottom side of the bolt hole 116, gunpowder is formed. The first fixing member 122 to which the primer 120 is coupled while the 118 is inserted is coupled, and an inlet side of the bolt hole 116 is coupled to a sink 124 that strikes the primer 120. 2 fixing member 126 is screwed.

The bolt hole 116 is formed in two stages, the first fixing member 122 is coupled to the first stage hole 116a by an adhesive or interference fit, and the second stage hole 116b is provided in the second stage. The second female screw is formed so that the fixing member 126 is screwed together. The second end hole 116b is larger in diameter than the first end hole 116a.

The first fixing member 122 is made of a material such as acrylic, and the gunpowder filling hole 122a is formed therein, and the gunpowder 118 is filled and inserted into the gunpowder filling hole 122a.

The sinking 124 is formed with a protrusion 124b at an end portion of the body 124a that is inserted through the second fixing member 126 and slides, so that the protrusion 124b is caused by the physical impact of the primer 120. Is supposed to hit). At this time, when a small force is normally applied, the sinking 124 is fixed by the temporary fixing pin 128 so as not to slide.

Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder loosening bolt 210 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Body portion 212, head 214, primer 220, the first fixing member 222 and the gunpowder filling hole 222a, the sinking 224, the second fixing member 226 of the second embodiment and thin Since the positive pin 228 is the same as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment (second embodiment), the bolt hole 216 formed in the longitudinal direction in the head portion 214 of the bolt has three stages, and the gunpowder 218 inserted into the bolt hole 216 is the claimed chemical. 218a and the explosive charge 218b.

The first drug 218a is inserted into the first end hole 216a of the bolt hole 216, the first fixing member 222 is coupled to the second end hole 216b, and a third end hole ( A second female screw is formed at 216c so that the second fixing member 226 is screwed together. The third end hole 216c has a larger diameter than the second end hole 216b, and the second end hole 216b has a larger diameter than the second end hole 216a.

The connection gunpowder 218b is inserted into the gunpowder filling hole 222a.

In the explosive anti-bolt bolt of the present invention configured as described above, when the physical impact on the sinking (124, 224), the temporary fixing pin (128, 228) is broken while the primer (120) by the sinking (124, 224) ) 220, the force generated by the force is transmitted to the gunpowder (118, 218) and the gunpowder (118, 128) to explode to expand the volume of the bolt body (112, 212) The release room area will be divided. In the second embodiment, after the violence of the primer 220 is transmitted to the connection gunpowder 218b, the claim drug 218a is exploded.

4 (a) shows the state before the

body parts

112 and 212 are expanded, and FIG. 4 (b) shows that the

body parts

112 and 212 are expanded due to the

explosives

118 and 218. Indicates a state. Symbols S1 and S2 represent the joined structure. In FIG. 4 (b), the portion in which the screw is not formed is expanded in the body portion, but the screw-formed portion (screw portion) may be designed to be expanded according to the depth of the bolt hole and the position of the gunpowder.

Figure 5 is a block diagram showing a gunpowder preventing bolt 310 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Body portion 312, head 314, bolt hole 316, gunpowder 318, primer 320, the first fixing member 322 and gunpowder filling hole 322a, sunk 324 of the third embodiment ), The second fixing member 326 and the temporary fixing pin 328 are similar to the configuration of the first embodiment, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the present embodiment (third embodiment), the expansion ratio of the void space to adjust the expansion ratio of the bolt body portion by absorbing the explosive energy to the bottom of the bolt hole 316 formed in the longitudinal direction of the head 314 of the bolt Hole 330 is formed.

The expansion rate of the bolt body portion 312 varies depending on the size of the expansion rate adjusting hole 330. In other words, the more empty space inside the bolt body, the explosive energy of the gunpowder is absorbed and the expansion rate of the bolt body is reduced. By utilizing this, the size of the empty space can be used to design the expansion ratio of the bolt body when there is no abnormality in the mechanical coupling strength of the bolt.

In the third embodiment, the submerged 324 and the second fixing member 326 are tapered to be coupled to each other. This combined structure enhances the sealing effect and prevents the pressure generated during the explosive explosion, so that the force of the explosive can be effectively used, while preventing the leakage of gas and flame generated during the explosive explosion. have.

Figure 6 is a graph showing the test of the expansion rate of the bolt body portion according to the depth of the expansion rate adjustment hole of the gunpowder lock bolt of Figure 5 (using M10 bolt).

Figure 7 is a graph showing the test of the loosening torque value according to the expansion rate of Figure 6 (using M10 bolt). By confirming the expansion rate of the bolt body portion according to Figure 6 and measuring the loosening torque according to the expansion rate was confirmed the relationship between the expansion rate and the loosening torque value, the test method was measured using M10 torque wrench, the minimum breakdown torque value of KS B 0551 The standard value (673 kg-cm) was satisfied. As a result, it was confirmed that the loosening torque value according to the expansion rate showed a linear proportional relationship and thus the loosening torque value could be presented through the expansion rate control.

The criterion of the loosening torque value is different from the conventional bolt. Conventional bolts are released by applying the maximum torque once they are released while maintaining the shape of the bolts and nuts, but the bolts that are prevented from being released by expansion should continue to be applied without being smoothly released even after the maximum torque value is applied.

On the other hand, the expansion rate of the bolt body portion is different depending on the amount of gunpowder, Table 1 shows the expansion rate according to the amount of gunpowder (using M24 high-strength bolt).

Table 1

number	Gunpowder amount (g)	Outer diameter after operation (mm)	% Expansion	Remarks
One	200	23.96	No change
2	200	23.98	No change
3	300	24.51	2.1
4	300	24.68	2.8
5	400	24.72	3.0

As shown in Table 1, when the gunpowder is below a certain amount, volume expansion did not occur. This is a characteristic of the material of the bolt body, it can be seen that the volume is expanded in proportion to the amount of gunpowder when the volume expansion is greater than the amount of gunpowder.

The high-strength bolt has a very high strength, and the expansion ratio is relatively smaller than that of a general steel bolt.

Explosive bolts must form bolt holes for the charge of the guns inside the bolts. The bolt holes shall not affect the mechanical coupling performance. To determine the effect of bolt holes on bolting strength, stress distributions for bolted structures were analyzed.

Figure 8 (a) and (b) is a cross-sectional perspective view showing the structure (S1) (S2) fastening state of the conventional bolt 10 and the anti-loosening bolt 110 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing a stress distribution analysis result of a fastening state of a conventional bolt 10 according to the condition of FIG. 8 (a), and FIG. 10 is a first embodiment of the present invention according to the condition of FIG. A diagram showing a stress distribution analysis result of the fastening state of the fastening prevention bolt 110 in the fastened state.

Through the 'Von Mises stress' of FIGS. 9 and 10, the stress distribution of the bolt can be easily checked with the naked eye.

The diameter and shape of the bolt holes can be determined by checking the stress distribution on the bolt holes 116 of the anti-loosening bolt 110 of the present invention. In this test, M10 bolts were used, and structural analysis simulation software 'ANSYS' was used for stress analysis.

9 and 10, as in the head 11 of the conventional bolt 10 of FIG. 9, it can be seen that the stress does not significantly act on the bolt hole 116 of FIG. 10.

Therefore, the bolt hole 116 is a part which is not related to the stress generated when the bolt is engaged, and it can be seen from the result that the bolt hole 116 is not related to the bonding strength.

Figure 11 is a block diagram showing the anti-explosion bolt 410 and the nut 411 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 is a nut 411 is coupled to the loosening bolt 410 of Figure 11 It is a partial sectional perspective view which shows the state. As the diameter of the bolt increases, the amount of powder required for expansion of the bolt body portion increases, thereby expanding the predetermined portion of the portion that is fastened to the nut at the bottom of the body portion, thereby providing an anti-loosening function. As an applied example, in this embodiment (fourth embodiment), the bolt hole 416, the gunpowder filling hole 422a and the expansion rate adjusting hole 430 are designed to be biased to one side (bolt outer surface side) (eccentric amount C1) The surface portion can be easily expanded. At this time, the gunpowder filling hole 422a and the expansion rate adjusting hole 430 are further biased toward the outer surface of the bolt from the bolt hole 416 (eccentricity C2).

Body portion 412, head 414, bolt hole 416, gunpowder 418, primer 420, the first fixing member 422 and gunpowder filling hole 422a of the fourth embodiment, sunk ( 424, the second fixing member 426, the temporary fixing pin 428, and the expansion ratio adjusting hole 430 are similar to those of the third embodiment (FIG. 5), and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the fourth embodiment, only the surface portion of the bolt is expanded, thereby reducing the amount of gunpowder required.

Figure 13 (a) and (b) is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a structure fastening state of the conventional bolt 10 and the anti-explosion bolt 410 according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a stress distribution analysis result of a fastening state of a conventional bolt 10 according to the condition of FIG. 13A, and FIG. 15 is a fourth embodiment of the present invention under the condition of FIG. 13B. Fig. 1 shows the stress distribution analysis result of the fastening state of the loosening prevention bolt 410 in the example.

Referring to FIGS. 14 and 15, as confirmed in FIGS. 8 to 10, it can be seen that stress does not greatly act on the bolt holes 416. Accordingly, the bolt hole 416 is a part that is not related to the stress generated when the bolt is engaged, and it can be seen from the result that the bolt hole 416 is independent of the bonding strength.

Claims

A bolt hole formed in one side of the bolt in the longitudinal direction,

Gunpowder inserted into the bottom side of the bolt hole;

A first fixing member provided at the bottom side of the bolt hole to position the gunpowder and coupled with a primer;

And a second fixing member provided at an inlet side of the bolt hole and having a sinking hitting the primer.
The method according to claim 1,

And the second fixing member is screwed to the bolt hole.
The method according to claim 1,

The second fixing member is formed with a taper, the anti-fog loosening bolt, characterized in that coupled to the sinking.
The method according to claim 1,

The first fixing member has a gunpowder preventing bolt, characterized in that the gunpowder filling hole is filled with the gunpowder is formed.
The method according to claim 1,

And an expansion rate adjusting hole is formed at the bottom of the bolt hole to adjust the expansion rate of the bolt body by absorbing explosive energy.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,

And the bolt hole is formed to be biased toward the outer surface of the bolt to easily expand the surface portion of the bolt.
The method according to claim 4,

The bolt hole is formed to be biased toward the outer surface of the bolt so that the surface portion of the bolt easily expand, while the gunpowder filling hole is formed further biased toward the outer surface of the bolt from the bolt hole.