WO2011144256A1 - Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés - Google Patents

Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011144256A1
WO2011144256A1 PCT/EP2010/057068 EP2010057068W WO2011144256A1 WO 2011144256 A1 WO2011144256 A1 WO 2011144256A1 EP 2010057068 W EP2010057068 W EP 2010057068W WO 2011144256 A1 WO2011144256 A1 WO 2011144256A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
armature
flat coil
actuator
permanent magnet
positioning element
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/057068
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Marley Becerra
Original Assignee
Abb Research Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Research Ltd filed Critical Abb Research Ltd
Priority to PCT/EP2010/057068 priority Critical patent/WO2011144256A1/fr
Priority to ARP110101708A priority patent/AR082761A1/es
Priority to SA111320460A priority patent/SA111320460B1/ar
Publication of WO2011144256A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011144256A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H01H71/32—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part
    • H01H71/321—Electromagnetic mechanisms having permanently magnetised part characterised by the magnetic circuit or active magnetic elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to actuators in general and more particularly to actuators with fast motion
  • Actuators are utilized e.g. in circuit breakers
  • Circuit breakers have at least one contact point with a fixed and a movable contact piece, the actuator directly or indirectly interacts with the movable contact piece to open the contact point if the fault current exceeds a pre-set tripping threshold.
  • the circuit breaker has to be opened (tripped) as quickly as possible upon detection of a fault current, and this in turn puts high demands on the actuator operating the circuit breaker.
  • the opening of contacts of the circuit breaker has to be performed rapidly and reliably. Once the breaker is tripped, the contacts should remain in open position by a latching mechanism which keeps the movable assembly in the open position of the contacts in order to reach galvanic isolation of the faulty part of the circuit.
  • the reset of the breaker to the closed position after the fault is cleared is performed by means of an extra unlatching mechanical system.
  • Other solutions for keeping the contact at open position after tripping is by setting a bistable operation of the actuator by using mechanical or magnetic means. While mechanical bistable systems (based on springs) are complicated and unreliable for small distance between the initial and final position, the magnetic systems can use permanent magnets on the moving piece which in turn increases its mass and reduces its acceleration for the same actuator driving force. The importance of fast tripping is particularly relevant for DC systems, since an arc is not quenched naturally as in AC systems.
  • Fast and reliable actuators can also be used in various mechanical applications where speed and accuracy are important.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a fast actuator which can be used in tripping devices where high speed and small displacements are required.
  • This object is according to the present invention attained by an actuator, circuit breaker and a method therefore, respectively, as defined by the
  • an actuator comprising a flat coil, a
  • the initial positioning element is arranged to keep the armature away from the flat coil in an initial position
  • the actuator is arranged such that a fault current through the flat coil is sufficient to, counteracting a force on the armature by the initial positioning element, magnetically attract the armature to the flat coil to a second position. In this way the weight of the armature can be decreased and the circuit breaker tripping speed of the actuator can be increased.
  • the initial positioning element may comprise a permanent magnet arranged to keep the armature away from the flat coil in the initial position.
  • the initial positioning element may comprise a spring arranged to keep the armature away from the flat coil in the initial position.
  • the actuator may comprise a second permanent magnet arranged in the centre of the flat coil, whereby a fast and robust bi-stable actuator is achieved.
  • the robustness of the actuator is improved and its weight is further reduced which in turn increases the speed of the actuator.
  • the actuator comprises a third permanent magnet and a second magnetic armature, wherein the third permanent magnet is arranged to keep the second magnetic armature away from the flat coil in an initial position, and the actuator is arranged such that a fault current through the flat coil is sufficient to, counteracting a force on the second armature by the third magnet, magnetically attract the second armature to be in contact with the flat coil in a second position, the third permanent magnet and the second magnetic armature being positioned on an opposite side of the flat coil compared to the armature and the initial positioning element.
  • armature may be sectioned.
  • the actuator can be used in a circuit breaker for current limitation in systems with higher voltage DC applications.
  • the flat coil is connected in series with the circuit to be protected and the multi-contact system.
  • the actuator comprises a switch for reset of the actuator from the second position to the initial position.
  • the switch can be driven by mechanical gears or by electromagnetically .
  • a circuit breaker comprising the actuator according to the first aspect, wherein the circuit breaker is configured to be closed when the actuator is in the initial position and the circuit breaker is configured to be opened when the actuator is in the second position
  • a method of circuit breaking using an actuator comprising a flat coil, a magnetic armature and an initial positioning element.
  • the method comprises the steps of: during normal current in the flat coil,
  • the initial positioning element may comprise a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet may be arranged in the centre of the flat coil and the actuator may comprise a third permanent magnet and a second magnetic armature.
  • the method may then comprise the steps of: during normal current in the flat coil, keeping, using the first permanent magnet the second magnetic armature away from the flat coil in an initial position, and during a fault current in the flat coil, magnetically attracting the second armature to the flat coil to a second position, counteracting a force on the second armature by the third magnet, wherein the third permanent magnet and the second magnetic armature are positioned on an opposite side of the flat coil compared to the
  • the method of circuit breaking may comprise the steps of: bi-stably fixing the armature (s) at the flat coil by a second permanent magnet in the centre of the flat coil, for improved robustness.
  • Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a perspective view an armature and a flat coil of an actuator.
  • Figs. 2A-B schematically illustrates an initial and a second position of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention based on permanent magnets, shown in a side view.
  • Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a sectioned armature, shown in a side view.
  • Fig. 4 schematically illustrates an initial position of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention, shown in a side view.
  • Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a fault condition of the actuator shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 schematically illustrates a position between the initial position and the second position of the actuator shown in Fig . 4.
  • Fig. 7 schematically illustrates a second position of the actuator shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 8 schematically illustrates an actuator having two armatures according to an embodiment of the present invention, shown in a side view.
  • Fig. 9 schematically illustrates a second position of an actuator according to an embodiment of the present invention based on springs, shown in a side view.
  • Fig 2A shows the actuator with an armature in an initial position
  • Fig 2B shows the actuator with the armature in a second position.
  • the actuator comprises a flat coil 1, a magnetic armature 2, a first permanent magnet 3 and a second permanent magnet 4.
  • the flat coil 1 can be any coil with a generally flat composition.
  • the magnetic armature 2 is bi-stably held in an initial position against an initial positioning element in the form of the first permanent magnet 3.
  • the actuator of the circuit breaker When the actuator of the circuit breaker is in this initial position, the circuit breaker is in a closed position and the actuator is used to close an electrical circuit. Due to e.g. a fault condition the current in the flat coil 1 is
  • the magnetic armature 2 is bi-stably held in the second position by the second permanent magnet 4 positioned in the centre of the flat coil 1. In this second position the circuit breaker and its actuator is in an opened position and the actuator is used to break an electrical circuit.
  • the magnetic armature 2 may have a hole in its centre, for stable guidance of the magnetic armature 2 between the bi-stable positions, along a non-magnetic guide, such as a plastic rod.
  • the circuit breaker may comprise a switch 7 , such as a mechanical gear mechanism to be used for reset of the actuator from the second, open, position to the initial, closed, position.
  • a switch 7 such as a mechanical gear mechanism to be used for reset of the actuator from the second, open, position to the initial, closed, position.
  • a switch reset spring 11 is provided such that the switch 7 is returned to an upper position after usage such that no force, e.g. due to gravity, on the switch 7 is applied to the
  • magnetic armature 2 when in its initial position. Any force on the magnetic armature may compromise operational speed when the actuator is activated.
  • This embodiment is advantageously used without a magnetic core around the flat coil, due to the large magnetic field produced during a fault condition.
  • the magnetic force of the actuator is a function of the current of the electrical circuit, and not of the
  • a further advantage of utilization of a magnetic armature according to the present invention is that since no mechanical springs are needed, the distance between the initial and second position of the magnetic armature can be very small, typically less than 5 mm, even down to about 2 mm if applied to low voltage DC breakers.
  • the magnetic force of the first permanent magnet on the magnetic armature in its initial position is set to guarantee low contact resistance of the multi-contact system in the closed position, the magnetic force of the flat coil for a normal operating current of several tens of amperes on the magnetic armature is less than about 1 N, the magnetic force of the second permanent magnet on the magnetic armature in its initial position is about a few Newton, and the gravitation force on the magnetic armature is negligible in this context.
  • the magnetic armature is in this example a 1 mm thick disc made of a sectioned steel sheets with high magnetic permeability, low conductivity, low mass density and very high saturation flux density.
  • FIG. 9 schematically illustrates a second position of an actuator according to a second embodiment of the present invention based on springs, shown in a side view.
  • the initial positioning element is in the form of a spring 9.
  • the spring keeps the armature 2 in the initial position by providing a repulsing force, away from the flat coil.
  • the spring 9 may comprise several suitably placed springs for added stability.
  • the second permanent magnet 4, for bi-stably holding the magnetic armature in the second position is not necessary for the fast circuit breaking, which is illustrated in a third embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 3.
  • This embodiment of the present invention illustrated in Fig. 3 further comprises a sectioned armature 2 for reduced effects of eddy currents therein.
  • FIG. 4-7 A fourth embodiment of an actuator according to the present invention is illustrated in Figs. 4-7.
  • This actuator is identical to that of the first embodiment described above, apart from the following.
  • the multi-contact system has three gaps.
  • the magnetic armature 2 has low conductivity and is provided with three electrically conductive bridges 8a, 8b and 8c, each bridging a gap of the multi-contact system.
  • a permanent magnet is positioned at each gap, 3a, 3b and 3c.
  • the actuator is in Fig. 4 illustrated in its initial position with the magnetic armature 2 positioned at the three permanent magnets 3a, 3b and 3.
  • FIG. 5 wherein the electrically conductive bridge 8a over the permanent magnet 3a is shown just leaving the initial position against the permanent magnet 3a.
  • the force driving the magnetic armature towards flat coil 1 increases.
  • FIG. 6 the magnetic armature 2 is shown between the initial position and the second position, and the arc discharges are illustrated between the bridges 8a, 8b and 8c and the multi-contact system.
  • the force on the magnetic armature 2 is even greater now, since the distance to the flat coil has decreased and the distance to the three permanent magnets 3a, 3b and 3c has
  • the actuator has two bi-stable positions, the initial position and the second position.
  • a switch 7, as disclosed in Fig 2, may be used to reset the circuit breaker to the initial position.
  • a fifth embodiment of an actuator according to the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 8. This actuator is identical that of the first embodiment described above, apart from the following.
  • the actuator comprises an additional magnetic armature 5 and another permanent magnet 6, keeping the additional magnetic armature 5 bi-stably fixed in the initial position.
  • the additional magnetic armature 5 and the associated permanent magnet 6 are positioned an opposite side of the flat coil 1, compared to the magnetic
  • This fifth embodiment of the present invention may also be combined with the fourth embodiment of the present invention described above.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un actionneur comprenant une bobine plate (1), un induit magnétique (2) et un élément de positionnement initial (3). L'élément de positionnement initial est conçu pour tenir l'induit à distance de la bobine plate (1) dans une position initiale, et l'actionneur est conçu de telle sorte qu'un courant de défaut à travers la bobine plate est suffisant pour attirer magnétiquement l'induit vers la bobine plate dans une seconde position, en neutralisant une force sur l'induit à l'aide de l'élément de positionnement initial. L'invention concerne également un disjoncteur et un procédé associés.
PCT/EP2010/057068 2010-05-21 2010-05-21 Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés WO2011144256A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/057068 WO2011144256A1 (fr) 2010-05-21 2010-05-21 Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés
ARP110101708A AR082761A1 (es) 2010-05-21 2011-05-18 Un accionador, disyuntor y metodo para los mismos
SA111320460A SA111320460B1 (ar) 2010-05-21 2011-05-18 مشغِّـل، قاطع دارة وطريقة لاستخدامهما

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2010/057068 WO2011144256A1 (fr) 2010-05-21 2010-05-21 Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011144256A1 true WO2011144256A1 (fr) 2011-11-24

Family

ID=43567808

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2010/057068 WO2011144256A1 (fr) 2010-05-21 2010-05-21 Actionneur, disjoncteur et procédé associés

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AR (1) AR082761A1 (fr)
SA (1) SA111320460B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011144256A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549323A (en) * 1948-11-15 1951-04-17 Mcmullen Elvin Automatic electromagnetic switch
EP0147036A1 (fr) * 1983-11-25 1985-07-03 The Electricity Council Arrangement pour disjoncteur
US4631508A (en) * 1984-09-07 1986-12-23 Ferraz Electro-mechanical devices incorporating fuse cartridges
WO2000054292A1 (fr) * 1999-03-08 2000-09-14 Secheron S.A. Module de bobine electrique, bobine electrique comprenant de tels modules, mecanisme d'actionnement comprenant un telle bobine et disjoncteur comprenant ledit mecanisme d'actionnement

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2549323A (en) * 1948-11-15 1951-04-17 Mcmullen Elvin Automatic electromagnetic switch
EP0147036A1 (fr) * 1983-11-25 1985-07-03 The Electricity Council Arrangement pour disjoncteur
US4631508A (en) * 1984-09-07 1986-12-23 Ferraz Electro-mechanical devices incorporating fuse cartridges
WO2000054292A1 (fr) * 1999-03-08 2000-09-14 Secheron S.A. Module de bobine electrique, bobine electrique comprenant de tels modules, mecanisme d'actionnement comprenant un telle bobine et disjoncteur comprenant ledit mecanisme d'actionnement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR082761A1 (es) 2013-01-09
SA111320460B1 (ar) 2014-09-10

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