WO2011143997A1 - 一种实现路由选择的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种实现路由选择的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011143997A1
WO2011143997A1 PCT/CN2011/073396 CN2011073396W WO2011143997A1 WO 2011143997 A1 WO2011143997 A1 WO 2011143997A1 CN 2011073396 W CN2011073396 W CN 2011073396W WO 2011143997 A1 WO2011143997 A1 WO 2011143997A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
direct tunnel
base station
information
lgw
management unit
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PCT/CN2011/073396
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
梁爽
周娜
王静
Original Assignee
中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011143997A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011143997A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00Communication routing or communication path finding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for implementing routing. Background technique
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an evolved packet domain system.
  • the entire EPS system is divided into two parts: a radio access network and a core network.
  • HSS Home Subscriber Server
  • MME Mobility Management Entity
  • SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
  • PCRF Charging Rule Function
  • SGW Serving Gateway
  • PDN Gateway PDN Gateway
  • Packet Data Network Packet Data Network
  • the home subscriber server is the permanent storage location of the subscriber's subscription data, and is located in the home network to which the subscriber subscribes.
  • the mobility management entity is the location where the user subscription data is stored in the current network, responsible for terminal-to-network non-access layer signaling management, terminal security verification function, terminal mobility management, user idle mode tracking and paging. Management functions and bearer management.
  • the SGSN is a service support point for GERAN and UTRAN users to access the core network.
  • the function is similar to the mobility management entity, and is responsible for user location update, paging management, and bearer management.
  • the service gateway is the gateway of the core network to the wireless system, and is responsible for the user plane of the terminal to the core network.
  • the data buffer in the bearer and terminal idle mode can implement the function of initiating service request by the network side, the lawful interception and the packet data routing and forwarding function; the service gateway is responsible for counting the situation in which the user terminal uses the wireless network, and generating the CDR of the terminal using the wireless network. , transmitted to the billing gateway.
  • the packet data gateway is a gateway between the evolved system and the external packet data network, connected to the Internet and the packet data network, and is responsible for the Internet Protocol (IP) address allocation, charging function, packet filtering, and policy control of the terminal. Wait.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the packet data network is the operator's IP service network, which provides IP services to users through the carrier's core network.
  • the policy charging rule function entity is a server in the evolution system responsible for providing rules for charging control, online credit control, threshold control, and quality of service (QoS) policies.
  • the radio access network is composed of an evolved base station (E-UTRAN NodeB, eNB) and a 3G radio network controller (RNC), and is mainly responsible for transmitting and receiving wireless signals, and communicating with the terminal through an air interface to manage wireless of the air interface. Resources, resource scheduling, access control, etc.
  • E-UTRAN NodeB evolved base station
  • RNC 3G radio network controller
  • the above SGSN is upgraded to support the S4 interface with the serving gateway and interoperate with the mobility management unit using the GTPv2 protocol.
  • the PS domain network architecture is different from that of Figure 1.
  • the SGSN and the MME are connected by the Gn interface, and the GTPvl protocol is used for interworking.
  • the SGSN is not connected to the serving gateway, but is connected to the Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) through the Gn interface to directly access the packet data network.
  • GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node
  • the home base station includes a common home base station (Home NodeB, ⁇ ) and an evolved home base station (Home eNodeN, HeNB), which is a type of small, low-power base station, which is deployed as a dedicated resource of some users in a home, a group, a company, or Private places such as schools are mainly used to provide users with higher service rates and lower the cost of using high-speed services, while making up for There is insufficient coverage of distributed cellular wireless communication systems.
  • the advantages of home base stations are affordability, convenience, low power output, plug and play, broadband access, use of single mode terminals, and more.
  • the home base station can be applied to a 3G or LTE (Long Term Evolution) mobile communication network.
  • a new network element is introduced in the network: a home base station gateway.
  • the main functions implemented by the home base station gateway are: verifying the security of the home base station, performing maintenance and management on the operation of the home base station, configuring and controlling the home base station according to the operator's requirements, and exchanging data information of the core network and the home base station.
  • 2 is a 3G home base station network architecture diagram.
  • the 3G home base station is connected to the home base station gateway through a newly defined Iuh interface, and the home base station gateway provides IuPS and IuCs interfaces to the core network packet domain and the circuit domain.
  • the home base station gateway For a 3G network, the home base station gateway must shield the impact on the terminal and the network side after the introduction of the home base station.
  • the home base station gateway is optional. Therefore, there are two connection modes between the LTE home base station and the core network. One is that the home base station and the core network element are directly connected, and the other is the home base station through the gateway. Connected to the core network element, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, respectively.
  • the home base station gateway may not integrate the user plane function, and the user plane is directly established between the home base station and the core network user plane gateway, so that the user plane is flattened and the data transmission delay is performed. Decrease, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the home base station can also support local IP access. Under the condition that the home base station has local IP access capability and the user subscribes to allow local IP access, local access of the user to other IP devices or the Internet of the home network can be realized.
  • the local access function can implement the offloading of Internet data services to reduce the core network load, and the access to the home network equipment can not pass through the core network, making data transmission convenient and efficient.
  • the local IP access function can also be used on the macro cell.
  • the main purpose is similar to that of the home base station. More is the application of the local IP access to the Internet. The purpose is to reduce the core network load.
  • Figure 6 shows the architecture for implementing the above-mentioned local access function.
  • the local access gateway serves as a local access network to an external network (such as the internet), and provides address allocation, charging, packet filtering, and policy. Slight control and other functions.
  • the network element can be deployed as an independent network element when deployed. It can also be deployed in conjunction with an existing home base station or home base station gateway. Moreover, if the network element exists as an independent network element, it may be located in the wireless side network or in the core network.
  • an Extension Tunnel can also be introduced.
  • direct tunneling is used between the wireless side network element and the local gateway (LGW) to ensure data transmission efficiency.
  • LGW local gateway
  • the wireless side network element to be accessed by the UE and the LGW cannot use the direct tunnel to transfer data, but continue to transmit data through the extended tunnel, thereby ensuring service continuity.
  • the above-mentioned UE fixedly uses the extended tunnel after the location moves, lacks flexibility, and is not conducive to the efficiency of data transfer. Summary of the invention
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for implementing routing to improve data transmission flexibility and ensure data transmission efficiency as much as possible.
  • a method of implementing routing comprising:
  • the radio side network element information and the local gateway LGW information related to the direct tunnel are obtained to determine whether a direct tunnel can be used between the radio side network element and the LGW.
  • the operation of determining whether a direct tunnel can be used is performed in at least one of the following:
  • the functional entity that can use the direct tunnel is at least
  • the specific determining process includes: the LGW determines whether a direct tunnel can be established with the target base station according to the information of the target cell or the base station reported by the target mobility management unit;
  • the specific determining process includes: the source base station determining, according to the information of the target cell or the base station and the information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW;
  • the specific determining process includes: the source mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell or the base station and the information of the LGW;
  • the specific determining process includes: the target base station determines, according to the address information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel between the target base station and the LGW can be established;
  • the specific determining process includes: the target mobility management unit determines whether the target base station and the LGW can be established according to the information of the target cell or the base station, the existing local connection, and the information of the LGW.
  • the specific determining process includes: the source base station or the target base station determines the target base station according to the information exchanged on the X2 interface. Can you establish a direct tunnel directly with LGW?
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: the target mobility management unit sends a location change notification to the LGW through the serving gateway SGW and the packet data gateway PGW, and the target cell currently accessed by the UE Or the base station information is reported to the LGW; or,
  • the target SGW sends a modify bearer request through the PGW to notify the LGW of the target cell or base station information from the target mobility management unit;
  • the process includes: acquiring, by the source base station, information of the target cell or the base station in the handover process;
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: the source base station sending, to the source mobility management unit, a handover request message including the target cell or the base station information;
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: the target mobility management unit learns that the UE accesses the target cell or the base station information, and has a local connection exists, and sends the carried to the target base station. a handover request message carrying the context information of the UE, where the information of the local gateway is carried;
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: the source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the target cell or base station information is carried;
  • the process of obtaining the local gateway information includes: the source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried, and the information of the local gateway is included;
  • the process of obtaining the local gateway information is performed by the target base station, and the process of obtaining the local gateway information by the target base station includes: obtaining, by the target base station, local gateway information from the source base station on the X2 interface.
  • the method further includes:
  • the mobility management unit After obtaining the judgment result, the mobility management unit notifies the LGW to establish the direct tunnel.
  • the functional entity of the direct tunnel can be used as at least one of the following:
  • LGW mobility management unit
  • base station base station
  • the specific determining process includes: determining, by the LGW, whether the current cell of the UE accessed by the mobile management unit or the base station reports the establishment of a direct tunnel with the base station accessed by the current UE;
  • the specific determining process includes: the mobility management unit determines, according to the information of the cell or the base station accessed by the UE and the information of the LGW, the current UE accessing Whether a direct tunnel can be established between the base station and the LGW; or
  • the specific determining process includes: the source mobility management unit determines whether the target base station and the LGW can be determined according to the information of the target cell or the base station and the information of the LGW.
  • the specific determining process includes: the target mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the base station and the LGW according to the information of the cell or the base station accessed by the current UE and the information of the LGW obtained from the source base station;
  • the specific determining process includes: The base station determines, according to the address information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel with the LGW can be established.
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: the mobility management unit sends a location change notification to the LGW through the SGW and the PGW, to report the cell or base station information currently accessed by the UE to the LGW. ;
  • the process of acquiring the wireless side network element information includes: the mobility management unit acquires the cell or base station accessed by the UE from the tracking area update request or the service request. Information;
  • the process of acquiring the wireless side network element information includes: the target mobility management unit sends a context request message to the source mobility management unit, where the UE access is carried. Identification information of a cell or a base station;
  • the process of acquiring the wireless side network element information includes: the mobility management unit is further from the tracking area
  • the new request or the service request acquires information of the cell or the base station accessed by the UE; acquires the LGW
  • the process of acquiring the radio side network element information includes: The mobility management unit sends an initial context setup request to the base station, where the UE carries the context information.
  • the method further includes:
  • the mobility management unit After obtaining the judgment result, the mobility management unit notifies the LGW to establish the direct tunnel.
  • the mobility management unit When determining whether a direct tunnel can be used, further consider the relationship between the LGW and the wireless side network element that can establish a direct tunnel.
  • An apparatus for implementing routing comprising a direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit and a direct tunnel decision unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to obtain, by the radio side network element that the UE is to access, the radio side network element information and the LGW information related to the direct tunnel;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is configured to determine, according to the radio side network element information and the LGW information acquired by the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit, whether a direct tunnel can be used between the radio side network element and the LGW.
  • the direct tunnel decision unit determines whether the operation of the direct tunnel is available, and is performed in at least one of the following processes:
  • the tracking area update or service request process of the UE is a process of the UE.
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is set in at least one of the following functional entities:
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the LGW, it is configured to: determine whether a direct tunnel can be established with the target base station according to the location information reported by the target mobility management unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the source base station, it is configured to: determine, according to information of the target cell or the base station, whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the source mobility management unit, it is configured to: determine, according to information of the target cell or the base station, whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the target base station, it is configured to: determine, according to the address information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel between the target base station and the LGW can be established;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the target mobility management unit, it is configured to: determine whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell or the base station and the existing local connection;
  • the switching is an X2 handover in the LTE access system
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is configured in the source base station or the target base station, and configured to: determine, according to information exchanged on the X2 interface, whether the target base station can directly establish with the LGW Direct tunnel.
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send a location change notification to the direct tunnel decision unit by using the SGW and the PGW, and report the location information currently accessed by the UE to the Direct tunnel decision unit; or,
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send a modify bearer request by using the target SGW and the PGW, to notify the direct tunnel decision unit of the location information from the target mobility management unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to acquire information of the target cell or the base station in the handover procedure, and send the information to the direct tunnel decision unit.
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send the target cell or base station message to the direct tunnel decision unit.
  • Switch request message
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to learn that the UE access location changes, and that a local connection exists, and send the bearer carrying the UE to the direct tunnel decision unit. a switching request message of context information;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send a forwarding relocation request message to the direct tunnel decision unit, where the context information of the UE is carried;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is used to maintain the processing in the interaction process on the X2 interface. Information, and the maintained information is sent to the direct tunnel decision unit.
  • the apparatus When determining whether the direct tunnel can be used as a result of using a direct tunnel, the apparatus further includes a direct tunnel execution unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is further configured to send the determination result to the direct tunnel execution unit;
  • the direct tunnel execution unit is configured to establish the direct tunnel.
  • the direct tunnel execution unit is disposed in the LGW.
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is set in at least one of the following functional entities:
  • LGW mobility management unit
  • base station base station
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the LGW, it is configured to: determine, according to the location information reported by the mobility management unit, whether to establish a direct tunnel with the base station accessed by the current UE;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the mobile management unit is not changed, and the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the mobility management unit, it is configured to: determine, according to information of the base station accessed by the UE, whether a direct tunnel can be established between the base station and the LGW accessed by the current UE. Or, When the mobility management unit changes and the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the source mobility management unit, it is configured to: determine, according to information of the target cell or the base station, whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit When the direct tunnel decision unit is set in the base station, it is used to: determine whether a direct tunnel between the LGW and the LGW can be established according to the address information of the LGW.
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send a location change notification to the direct tunnel decision unit by using the SGW and the PGW, to report the location information currently accessed by the UE to the location Direct tunnel decision unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to acquire information of the base station accessed by the UE from the tracking area update request or the service request, And transmitting the obtained information to the direct tunnel decision unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send a context request message to the direct tunnel decision unit, where the base station that the UE accesses is carried. Identification information;
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit is configured to send an initial context setup request to the direct tunnel decision unit, where the context information of the UE is carried.
  • the apparatus When determining whether the direct tunnel can be used as a result of using a direct tunnel, the apparatus further includes a direct tunnel execution unit;
  • the direct tunnel decision unit is further configured to send the determination result to the direct tunnel execution unit;
  • the direct tunnel execution unit is configured to establish the direct tunnel.
  • the direct tunnel execution unit is disposed in the LGW.
  • the direct tunnel decision unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be used, it is further used for Consider the gateway information including the relationship table for establishing a direct tunnel.
  • the method and the device for implementing the routing of the present invention can flexibly determine whether a direct tunnel needs to be established for the UE according to the system information in the actual application scenario, so that the data transmission flexibility can be significantly improved, and the efficiency of data transmission can be ensured as much as possible. . DRAWINGS
  • 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an evolved packet domain system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 3G home base station network architecture
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an LTE home base station
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of an LTE home base station
  • FIG. 5 is a third schematic diagram of an LTE home base station network architecture
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture for implementing local access
  • FIG. 7 is a flow chart of routing performed by a local gateway in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of routing performed by a local gateway in a handover process according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of routing performed by a source radio side network element in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of routing selection by a source mobility management unit in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of routing selection by a target radio side network element in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of routing performed by a target mobility management unit in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of performing routing in an X2 handover process in an LTE access system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of routing performed by a local gateway in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of performing routing in an X2 handover process in an LTE access system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of routing performed by a local gateway in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of routing performed by a mobility management unit in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a flowchart of routing performed by a base station in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of routing performed by a source mobility management unit in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of implementing routing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram of an apparatus for implementing routing according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the base station refers to a normal base station or a home base station
  • the mobility management unit refers to the MME.
  • the message transmitted between the base station and the mobility management unit also needs to pass through the home base station gateway, but the home base station gateway does not modify the parameters related to the present invention, The architecture is not specifically described here.
  • the base station refers to the RNC or HNB GW
  • the mobility management unit refers to the SGSN.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of routing selection by an LGW in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 7 applies to handovers within an LTE access system, handover within a UTRAN/GERAN system, or between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover.
  • PGW An extended tunnel has been established between the LGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 700 The source base station initiates a handover process, and requests the UE to report the measurement report.
  • Step 701 After selecting the target base station, the source base station sends a handover request message to the source mobility management unit, where the information includes the target base station identifier/target cell identifier, the target tracking area/routing area identifier, and the bearer identifier of the UE.
  • Step 702 The source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to include information such as the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end, the address of the LGW, and the identifier of the tunnel end.
  • Step 703 The target mobility management unit determines whether the SGW needs to be reselected, and is determined to be unnecessary in the embodiment.
  • the target mobility management unit determines that the location information of the UE needs to be reported to the LGW according to the UE access location change and the existing local connection.
  • the target mobility management unit sends a location change notification to the LGW through the SGW and the PGW, and reports the location information currently accessed by the UE to the LGW, and the reported content may include the target base station identifier, and/or the target cell identifier, and/or the target tracking area/ Routing area ID.
  • Step 704 The LGW determines whether a direct tunnel can be established with the target base station according to the location information reported by the target mobility management unit.
  • Step 705 The LGW carries the judgment result in the location change notification response, and notifies the target mobility management unit by the PGW and the SGW.
  • Step 706 The target mobility management unit determines, according to the judgment result of the LGW, the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier or the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station. If the LGW determines that a direct tunnel can be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station; if the LGW determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established, the target mobile tube The management unit sends the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station.
  • Step 707 The target mobility management unit sends a handover request message to the target base station, where the bearer context information of the UE is carried. If the LGW determines that the direct tunnel can be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station; if the LGW determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier. Give the target base station.
  • steps 707 and 708 are prior art and are well known to those skilled in the art and are not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • Step 708 The UE switches to the target network, and sends a handover complete request to the target base station.
  • Step 709 The target base station sends a handover notification request to the target mobility management unit, where the base station identifier currently accessed by the UE, and/or the tracking area/routing area identifier, and/or the cell identifier, and the address and user plane tunnel of the target base station are carried. End identification.
  • Step 710 The target mobility management unit determines how to perform the subsequent steps according to whether the previously obtained direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 711 If it is determined that a direct tunnel can be established, the target mobility management unit sends a modify bearer request to the SGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, and an instruction to notify the SGW to send the address to the LGW.
  • the target mobility management unit sends a modify bearer request to the SGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, but the SGW is not required to be sent to the LGW. In this case, step 712 to step 713 need not be performed, and step 714 is directly executed.
  • Step 712 The SGW sends a modify bearer request to the PGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, and an instruction to notify the PGW to send the address to the LGW.
  • Step 713 The PGW sends a modify bearer request to the LGW, where the target base station is used. User address and tunnel end identifier. Based on the above information, the LGW establishes a direct tunnel between the LGW and the target base station.
  • Step 714 The LGW returns a modify bearer response message to the target mobility management unit by using the PGW and the SGW.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of routing performed by an LGW during a handover process according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 8 applies to intra-LTE access system handover, UTRAN/GERAN intra-system handover, or handover between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover. An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 803 The message sent by the target mobility management unit to the target SGW is a create session request, instead of a location information report request, but the request also needs to carry the target base station identifier, and/or the target cell identifier, and/or the target tracking area. / Routing area ID.
  • Step 804 to step 805 The target SGW sends a modify bearer request through the PGW to notify the LGW of the location information from the target mobility management unit.
  • Step 806 The LGW determines whether a direct tunnel can be established with the target base station according to the location information reported by the target mobility management unit.
  • Step 807 The LGW returns a modify bearer response message to the target SGW through the PGW, where Carry the judgment result of LGW.
  • steps 808 to 817 are similar to steps 706 to 714, and are not referred to herein.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of routing performed by a source radio side network element in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 9 is applicable to intra-LTE access system handover, UTRAN/GERAN intra-system handover, or handover between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover. An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 900 The source base station initiates a handover process, and requests the UE to report the measurement report.
  • Step 901 The source base station determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell (cell) or the base station acquired in the handover procedure.
  • Step 902 The source base station sends a handover request message to the source mobility management unit, where the target base station identifier/target cell identifier and the target tracking area/routing area identifier, the carrier identifier of the UE, and whether the target base station and the LGW can be directly established Instructions for the tunnel, etc.
  • Step 903 The source mobility management unit determines, according to the indication information of the source base station, whether the LGW address and the tunnel identifier need to be sent to the target network element.
  • Step 904 If the source base station indicates that the direct tunnel cannot be established between the LGW and the target base station, the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to be It should include information such as the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end, but does not include information about the LGW. Subsequent target base stations perform subsequent steps in the existing handover procedure, which are prior art, are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • the source mobility management unit sends a forward relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to include the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier, the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier, and the indication information that the direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 905 The target mobility management unit determines whether the SGW needs to be reselected, and is determined to be unnecessary in the embodiment.
  • the target mobility management unit determines the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier or the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station according to the indication information that the direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 906 The target mobility management unit sends a handover request message to the target base station, where the bearer context information of the UE is carried. If the direct tunnel can be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station; if the direct tunnel cannot be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station.
  • Step 907 Perform the remaining flow of the handover preparation. This process is prior art and is well known to those skilled in the art and is not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • Steps 908 to 914 are similar to steps 708 to 714 in FIG. 7, and are not described herein.
  • the SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in steps 911 to 914 is the target SGW.
  • Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from the embodiment, but does not involve the content of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
  • FIG. 10 is a source mobile management unit in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a flow chart for routing. The flow shown in Figure 10 is applicable to intra-LTE access system handover, UTRAN/GERAN intra-system handover, or handover between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover. An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 1001 The source base station initiates a handover process, and requests the UE to report the measurement report.
  • Step 1002 The source base station sends a handover request message to the source mobility management unit, where the target base station identifier/target cell identifier and the target tracking area/routing area identifier, and the identifier of the UE are included.
  • Step 1003 The source mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell or the base station.
  • Step 1004 If the source mobility management unit determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established between the LGW and the target base station, the source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information also needs to include information such as the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end, but does not include related information of the LGW. Subsequent target base stations perform subsequent steps in the existing handover procedure, which are prior art, well known to those skilled in the art, and are not relevant to the present invention and are not described herein.
  • the source mobility management unit determines that a direct tunnel can be established between the LGW and the target base station, the source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information also needs to include the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier, the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier, and the indication information that the direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 1005 The target mobility management unit determines whether it is necessary to reselect the SGW. In the present embodiment, it is determined that it is unnecessary. The target mobility management unit determines the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier or the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station according to the indication information that the direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 1006 The target mobility management unit sends a handover request message to the target base station, where the bearer context information of the UE is carried. If the direct tunnel can be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station; if the direct tunnel cannot be established, the target mobility management unit sends the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier to the target base station.
  • Step 1007 Perform the remaining flow of the handover preparation. This process is prior art and is well known to those skilled in the art and is not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • Steps 1008 to 1014 are similar to steps 708 to 714, and are not described herein. In this embodiment, the same applies to the process in which the SGW changes. If the SGW changes, the content delivery involved in the present invention is similar. The SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in steps 1011 to 1014 is the target SGW. Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from this embodiment, but does not relate to the content of the present invention, and is not mentioned here.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart of routing performed by a target radio side network element in a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 11 applies to intra-LTE access system handover, UTRAN/GERAN intra-system handover, or handover between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover. An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 1100 The source base station initiates a handover process, and requests the UE to report the measurement report.
  • Step 1101 The source base station sends a handover request message to the source mobility management unit, where the target base station identifier/target cell identifier and the target tracking area/routing area identifier, and the identifier of the UE are included.
  • Step 1102 The source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information also needs to include the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier, and the LGW. Information such as the address and tunnel end identifier.
  • Step 1103 The target mobility management unit determines whether it is necessary to reselect the SGW. In this embodiment, it is determined that it is unnecessary.
  • the target mobility management unit learns that the UE access location changes and has a local connection, and therefore sends a handover request message carrying the bearer context information of the UE to the target base station, including the address and the tunnel end identifier of the SGW, and the address and tunnel of the LGW. End identification.
  • Step 1104 The target base station determines, according to the address information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel between the target base station and the LGW can be established.
  • Step 1105 The target base station returns a handover request response message to the target mobility management unit, where the successfully established bearer information is carried.
  • step 1107 it is also possible to carry an indication of whether or not a direct tunnel can be established. If the indication information is carried in the step, step 1107 does not need to carry the indication information.
  • Step 1106 The UE switches to the target network, and sends a handover complete request to the target base station.
  • Step 1107 The target base station sends a handover notification request to the target mobility management unit, where the base station identifier currently accessed by the UE, and/or the tracking area/routing area identifier, and/or the cell identifier, and the address and user plane tunnel of the target base station are carried. End identification.
  • step 1105 it is also possible to carry an indication of whether or not a direct tunnel can be established. If this step If the indication information is carried in the step, the step 1105 does not need to carry the indication information.
  • Steps 1108 to 1112 are similar to steps 710 to 714, and are not described herein. In this embodiment, the same applies to the process in which the SGW changes. If the SGW changes, the content delivery involved in the present invention is similar. The SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in steps 1109 to 1112 is the target SGW. Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from the embodiment, but does not involve the content of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of routing performed by a target mobility management unit during a handover process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 12 is applicable to intra-LTE access system handover, UTRAN/GERAN intra-system handover, or handover between LTE and UTRAN/GERAN systems.
  • the mobility management unit may not change. If the mobility management unit does not change, the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit can be regarded as the same network element, and all messages transmitted between the two can be omitted.
  • the UE has established a local connection before the handover. An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 1200 The source base station initiates a handover process, and requests the UE to report the measurement report.
  • Step 1201 The source base station sends a handover request message to the source mobility management unit, where the target base station identifier/target cell identifier and the target tracking area/routing area identifier, and the identifier of the UE are included.
  • Step 1202 The source mobility management unit sends a forwarding relocation request message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried.
  • the information about the SGW and the tunnel end identifier, as well as the LGW address and the tunnel end identifier, are also included in the context information.
  • Step 1203 The target mobility management unit determines whether it is necessary to reselect the SGW. In the present embodiment, it is determined that it is unnecessary. The target mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell or the base station and the existing local connection. Step 1204: The target mobility management unit sends a handover request message to the target base station, where the bearer context information of the UE is carried.
  • the target mobility management unit determines that the context information directly carrying the UE cannot be established between the LGW and the target base station, the information including the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier needs to be included, but the related information of the LGW is not included. Subsequent target base stations perform subsequent steps in the existing handover procedure, which are prior art, are well known to those skilled in the art, and are not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • the target mobility management unit determines that a direct tunnel can be established between the LGW and the target base station, the context information of the UE is carried, and the information including the address of the LGW and the identifier of the tunnel end is required, but the related information of the SGW is not included.
  • Step 1205 The target base station returns a handover request response message to the target mobility management unit, where the successfully established bearer information is carried.
  • Steps 1206 through 1212 performed after the process are similar to steps 708 through 714, and are not mentioned here.
  • the SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in steps 1209 to 1212 is the target SGW.
  • Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from this embodiment, but does not relate to the content of the present invention, and is not mentioned here.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of routing in an X2 handover process in an LTE access system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process shown in Figure 13 is applicable to handover within the LTE access system.
  • the UE has established a local connection before switching.
  • An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW, and a direct tunnel has been established between the LGW and the source base station.
  • Step 1301 The source base station initiates a handover process. Since the source base station and the target base station directly exist on the X2 interface, the two can exchange information with each other through the X2 interface message, and complete the wireless resource reservation. After the process is performed, the UE has switched to the target base station.
  • the target base station or the source base station can determine whether the target base station can directly establish a direct tunnel with the LGW according to the information processed during the interaction on the X2 interface.
  • Step 1302 The target base station sends a path switch request message to the mobility management unit, where the indication information of whether the direct tunnel can be established is carried.
  • Step 1303 The mobility management unit determines, according to the obtained information about whether the direct tunnel can be established, how to perform the subsequent steps.
  • the mobility management unit also needs to determine if the SGW needs to change, and here it is determined that the change is needed.
  • Step 1304 If it is determined that a direct tunnel can be established, the mobility management unit sends a create session request to the target SGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, and an instruction to notify the SGW to send the address to the LGW.
  • the target mobility management unit sends a modify bearer request to the SGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, but the SGW is not required to be sent to the LGW.
  • step 1305 to step 1307 need not be performed, but step 1308 is directly executed.
  • Step 1305 The target SGW sends a modify bearer request to the PGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried, and an indication that the PGW is sent to the LGW to send the address to the LGW.
  • Step 1306 The PGW sends a modify bearer request to the LGW, where the user plane address and the tunnel end identifier of the target base station are carried.
  • the LGW establishes a direct tunnel between the LGW and the target base station based on the received information.
  • Step 1307 The LGW returns a modify bearer response message to the target SGW through the PGW.
  • Step 1308 The target SGW returns a create session response message to the mobility management unit.
  • Step 1309 The mobility management unit sends a path switch response message to the target base station.
  • the message includes the address of the LGW and the identifier of the tunnel end.
  • the message includes the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end.
  • Step 1310 The mobility management unit sends a delete session request to the source SGW, requesting to delete the UE context on the source SGW; and the source SGW deletes the session according to the request of the mobility management unit.
  • step 1310 need not be performed.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of routing performed by an LGW in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 14 applies to the service request procedure in the EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN access system, as well as the tracking area/routing area update process in which the EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN access system, the mobility management unit and the SGW have not changed.
  • the UE has established a local connection before initiating a tracking area update request or a service request.
  • An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW.
  • Step 1401 to step 1402 The UE initiates a tracking area update request or a service request through the base station.
  • Step 1403 The mobility management unit determines that the location information of the UE needs to be reported to the LGW according to the UE access location change and the local connection that exists.
  • the mobility management unit sends a location change notification to the LGW through the SGW and the PGW to report the location information currently accessed by the UE to the LGW, and the reported content may include the access base station identifier, and/or the access cell identifier, and/or access. Tracking area/routing area identifier.
  • Step 1404 The LGW determines, according to the location information reported by the mobility management unit, whether to establish a direct tunnel with the base station accessed by the current UE.
  • Step 1405 The LGW carries the judgment result in the location change notification response, and notifies the mobility management unit by using the PGW and the SGW.
  • Step 1406 The mobility management unit determines, according to the judgment result of the LGW, the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier or the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier to the currently accessed base station.
  • Step 1407 The mobility management unit sends an initial context setup request to the base station, where the context information of the UE is carried.
  • the context information of the UE includes the address of the LGW and the identifier of the tunnel end. If the LGW determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established, the context information of the UE includes the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end.
  • Step 1408 The base station currently accessed by the UE triggers establishment of an air interface bearer, and sends an initial context setup response to the mobility management unit, where the address of the base station and the tunnel end identifier are carried.
  • Steps 1409 to 1413 are similar to steps 710 to 714, and are not referred to herein.
  • Step 1403 The message sent by the target mobility management unit to the target SGW is a create session request, instead of a location information report request, but the target session identifier, and/or the target cell identifier, and/or the target are also required to be carried in the create session request. Trace/routing area identifier.
  • Step 1405 The message returned by the target SGW to the mobility management unit is to create a session response.
  • the SGW related to the delivery target base station in step 1410 to step 1413 is the target SGW.
  • Other handover signaling caused by SGW changes may be different from this embodiment, but does not relate to the present invention. And the content, do not make a comment here.
  • the embodiment is also applicable to a scenario in which the mobility management unit changes during the tracking area/routing area update process.
  • the mobility management unit in the figure refers to the target mobility management unit, and the interaction between the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, and has nothing to do with the present invention. , do not make a comment here.
  • FIG. 15 is a flowchart of routing performed by a mobility management unit in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process shown in Figure 15 applies to the service request process in the EUTR AN/UTR AN/GER AN access system, and the tracking area update process in which the EUTR AN access system, the mobility management unit, and the SGW have not changed.
  • the UE has established a local connection before initiating a tracking area update request or service request.
  • An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW.
  • the process shown in Figure 15 includes the following steps:
  • Step 1501 The UE initiates a tracking area update request or a service request by using the base station.
  • Step 1502 The mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the base station and the LGW accessed by the UE according to the information of the base station accessed by the UE obtained from the tracking area update request or the service request.
  • Step 1503 If the mobility management unit determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established, the mobility management unit sends an initial context setup request to the base station accessed by the UE, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to include information such as the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end, but does not include information about the LGW. Subsequent execution of the subsequent steps in the existing handover procedure, which is prior art, is well known to those skilled in the art and is not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • the mobility management unit determines that a direct tunnel can be established, the mobility management unit sends an initial context setup request to the base station accessed by the UE, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information also needs to include the address of the LGW and the tunnel end label. Knowledge.
  • Step 1504 The base station accessed by the UE triggers establishment of an air interface bearer, and returns an initial context setup response to the mobility management unit, where the address of the base station and the tunnel end identifier are carried.
  • Step 1505 to step 1508 are similar to steps 711 to 714, and are not described herein. Subsequent execution of the remaining steps of the tracking area update or service request, the omitted process is prior art, is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not relevant to the present invention, and is not described herein.
  • the SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in step 1505 to step 1508 is the target SGW.
  • Other handover signals caused by SGW changes may be different from the present embodiment, but do not relate to the content of the present invention, and are not mentioned here.
  • the embodiment is also applicable to a scenario in which the mobility management unit changes during the tracking area update process.
  • the mobility management unit in the figure refers to the target mobility management unit, and the interaction between the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, wherein the source mobility management unit
  • the UE context information in the context response request sent to the target mobility management unit includes the information of the local gateway. The other steps and information are not related to the present invention, and are not described herein.
  • FIG. 16 is a flow chart of routing performed by a base station in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the process shown in Figure 16 applies to the service request process in the EUTR AN/UTR AN/GER AN access system, and the tracking area update process in which the EUTR AN access system, the mobility management unit, and the SGW have not changed.
  • the UE has established a local connection before initiating a tracking area update request or service request.
  • An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW.
  • the process shown in Figure 16 includes the following steps:
  • Step 1601 to step 1602 The UE initiates a tracking area update request or a service request by using the base station.
  • Step 1603 The mobility management unit sends an initial context setup request to the base station, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information also needs to include the address and tunnel end identification information of the SGW, the address of the LGW, and the identifier information of the tunnel end.
  • Step 1604 The base station determines, according to the address information of the LGW, whether a direct tunnel with the LGW can be established.
  • Step 1605 The base station triggers the establishment of the air interface bearer, and returns an initial context setup response message to the mobility management unit, where the bearer information, the address of the base station, the tunnel end identifier, and the indication information of whether the direct tunnel can be established are carried.
  • Steps 1606 to 1610 are similar to steps 710 to 714, and are not referred to herein. Subsequent execution of the remaining steps of the tracking area update or service request, the omitted process is prior art, is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not relevant to the present invention, and is not described herein.
  • the tracking area is updated, the same applies to the process in which the SGW changes. If the SGW changes, the content delivery involved in the present invention is similar. In steps 1607 to 1610, the SGW related to the delivery target base station is the target SGW. Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from the present embodiment, but does not relate to the content of the present invention, and is not mentioned here.
  • the embodiment is also applicable to a scenario in which the mobility management unit changes during the tracking area/routing area update process.
  • the mobility management unit in the figure refers to the target mobility management unit, and the interaction between the source mobility management unit and the target mobility management unit is a technique well known to those skilled in the art, wherein the source mobility management unit
  • the UE context information in the context response request sent to the target mobility management unit includes the information of the local gateway. The other steps and information are not related to the present invention, and are not described herein.
  • FIG. 17 is a flowchart of routing performed by a source mobility management unit in a tracking area update or service request process according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the flow shown in Figure 17 applies to tracking area routing updates or routing area updates in EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN access systems. the process of.
  • the UE has established a local connection before initiating the tracking area or routing area update process.
  • An extended tunnel has been established between the PGW and the LGW.
  • the process shown in Figure 17 includes the following steps:
  • Step 1701 to step 1702 The UE initiates a tracking area update request or a routing area update request by the base station.
  • Step 1703 The target mobility management unit sends a context request message to the source mobility management unit, where the identifier information of the base station accessed by the UE is carried, and the identifier information may be an access base station identifier, and/or an access d, an area identifier, and/or Or access tracking area / routing area identifier.
  • Step 1704 The source mobility management unit determines whether a direct tunnel can be established between the target base station and the LGW according to the information of the target cell or the base station.
  • Step 1705 If the source mobility management unit determines that the direct tunnel cannot be established, the source mobility management unit sends a context response message to the target mobility management unit, where the context information of the UE is carried. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to include information such as the address of the SGW and the identifier of the tunnel end, but does not include information about the LGW. Subsequent steps of the existing tracking area/routing area update process are performed, which are prior art and are well known to those skilled in the art and are not relevant to the present invention and will not be described herein.
  • the source mobility management unit determines that a direct tunnel can be established, the source mobility management unit sends a context response message to the target mobility management unit, which carries the context information of the UE. Since the UE has established a local connection, the context information needs to include the address of the SGW and the tunnel end identifier, the address of the LGW and the tunnel end identifier, and the indication information that the direct tunnel can be established.
  • Step 1706 The target mobility management unit sends a context response message to the source mobility management unit. If it is a tracking area update process, if a radio bearer needs to be established for the UE, step 1707 to step 1708 are required; otherwise, steps 1707 and 1708 can be skipped to directly execute the subsequent process.
  • Step 1707 to step 1708 The target mobility management unit sends an initial context setup to the base station.
  • the request the base station triggers the establishment of the air interface bearer, and returns an initial context setup response message to the target mobility management unit.
  • Steps 1709 to 1713 are similar to steps 710 to 714, and are not described herein. Subsequent execution of the remaining steps of the tracking area update or service request, the omitted process is prior art, is well known to those skilled in the art, and is not relevant to the present invention, and is not described herein.
  • the content delivery involved in the present invention is similar.
  • the SGW involved in the delivery of the target base station in steps 1710 to 1713 is the target SGW.
  • Other handover signaling caused by the SGW change may be different from this embodiment, but does not involve the content of the present invention, and details are not described herein.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic flowchart of implementing routing according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the process includes the following steps:
  • Step 1810 Obtain the radio side network element information and LGW information related to the direct tunnel for the radio side network element to be accessed by the UE.
  • the radio side network element information includes at least one of the following: a closed user group identifier, a trailing area identifier, a routing area identifier, a base station identifier, and a cell identifier.
  • the LGW information includes at least one of the following: address, domain name information.
  • Step 1820 Determine, according to the obtained radio side network element information and LGW information, whether a direct tunnel can be used between the radio side network element and the LGW.
  • There are a plurality of specific determination methods such as: according to the acquired wireless side network element information and the LGW information, the tunnel establishment configuration corresponding to the obtained information can be found in the gateway information such as the relationship table of the direct tunnel, and the search is performed. The tunnel is established to know if a direct tunnel can be used.
  • the above-mentioned gateway information may be statically configured locally, or dynamically sent by the operator management system, or obtained by querying other network elements.
  • the other network elements include, but are not limited to, a DNS server, an operator configuration management system, and the like.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram of an apparatus for implementing routing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus includes a connected direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit, a direct tunnel decision unit, and a direct tunnel execution unit.
  • Each unit can be set up or integrated in various locations in the network, as long as various functions can be successfully implemented and routing can be implemented.
  • the direct tunnel decision information maintenance unit may acquire and maintain the wireless side network element information and LGW information related to the direct tunnel for the wireless side network element to be accessed by the UE, and may also use the wireless side network element Information and LGW information are sent to the direct tunnel decision unit.
  • the direct tunnel decision unit can determine whether a direct tunnel can be used between the radio side network element and the LGW according to the received radio side network element information and the LGW information, and notify the direct tunnel execution unit.
  • the direct tunnel execution unit establishes a direct tunnel supporting UE communication between the radio side network element and the LGW according to a notification from the direct tunnel decision unit when the direct tunnel decision unit determines that the direct tunnel can be used.
  • the method for implementing the routing of the present invention can flexibly determine whether a direct tunnel needs to be established for the UE according to the system information in the actual application scenario, and the data transmission flexibility can be significantly improved, and You can also try to ensure the efficiency of data transfer.

Description

一种实现路由选择的方法和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 具体涉及一种实现路由选择的方法和装置。 背景技术
为了保持第三代移动通信系统在通信领域的竟争力, 为用户提供速率 更快、 时延更低、 更加个性化的移动通信服务, 并且降低运营商的运营成 本, 3GPP ( 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 第三代合作伙伴计划)标准 工作组正致力于演进分组系统( Evolved Packet System, EPS ) 的研究。 图 1示出了演进分组域系统的结构示意图, 如图 1所示, 整个 EPS系统分为 无线接入网和核心网两部分。 在核心网中, 包含了归属用户服务器(Home Subscriber Server, HSS )、 移动性管理实体 ( Mobility Management Entity, MME )、 服务 GPRS支持节点(Serving GPRS Support Node, SGSN )、 策略 计费规则功能( Policy and Charging Rule Function, PCRF )、服务网关( Serving Gateway, SGW )、 分组数据网关 (PDN Gateway, PGW )和分组数据网络 ( Packet Data Network, 分组数据网络)等。 下面详细各部分功能:
归属用户服务器, 是用户签约数据的永久存放地点, 位于用户签约的 归属网。
移动性管理实体, 是用户签约数据在当前网络的存放地点, 负责终端 到网络的非接入层信令管理、 终端的安全验证功能、 终端的移动性管理、 用户空闲模式下的跟踪和寻呼管理功能以及承载管理。
SGSN, 是 GERAN和 UTRAN用户接入核心网络的业务支持点, 功能 与移动性管理实体类似, 负责用户的位置更新、 寻呼管理和承载管理等。
服务网关, 是核心网到无线系统的网关, 负责终端到核心网的用户面 承载、 终端空闲模式下的数据緩存, 能实现网络侧发起业务请求的功能、 合法监听和分组数据路由和转发功能; 服务网关负责统计用户终端使用无 线网络的情况, 并产生终端使用无线网络的话单, 传送给计费网关。
分组数据网关, 是演进系统和外部分组数据网络之间的网关, 连接到 因特网和分组数据网络上, 负责终端的互联网协议( Internet Protocol , IP ) 地址分配、 计费功能、 分组包过滤、 策略控制等。
分组数据网络, 是运营商的 IP业务网络, 该网络通过运营商的核心网 为用户提供 IP服务。
策略计费规则功能实体, 是演进系统中负责提供计费控制、 在线信用 控制、 门限控制、 服务质量(Quality of Service, QoS ) 策略方面规则的服 务器。
无线接入网, 由演进基站(E-UTRAN NodeB , eNB )和 3G无线网络 控制器(Radio Network Control, RNC )组成, 主要负责无线信号的收发, 通过空中接口和终端联系, 管理空中接口的无线资源、 资源调度、 接入控 制等。
上述 SGSN是经过升级的, 能够支持与服务网关之间的 S4接口, 并与 移动性管理单元之间釆用 GTPv2协议进行互通。 而对于支持 3G核心网的 SGSN而言, PS域网络架构与图 1有所不同。 此时 SGSN与 MME釆用 Gn 接口相连, 釆用 GTPvl协议互通。 SGSN不是与服务网关相连, 而是通过 Gn接口连接到网关 GPRS支持节点( Gateway GPRS Support Node, GGSN ), 以直接进行分组数据网络访问。
家庭基站包括普通的家庭基站( Home NodeB , ΗΝΒ )和演进的家庭基 站(Home eNodeN, HeNB ), 是一类小型、 低功率的基站, 作为某些用户 的专属资源部署在家庭、 团体、 公司或者学校等私人场所, 主要用于为用 户提供更高的业务速率并降低使用高速率服务所需要的费用, 同时弥补已 有分布式蜂窝无线通信系统的覆盖不足。 家庭基站的优点是实惠、 便捷、 低功率输出、 即插即用、 宽带接入、 使用单模终端等。
家庭基站可以应用在 3G或者 LTE ( Long Term Evolution, 长期演进) 移动通信网络中。 为了便于对家庭基站进行管理, 在网络中引入了新网元: 家庭基站网关。 家庭基站网关实现的主要功能为: 验证家庭基站的安全性, 对家庭基站的运行进行维护管理, 根据运营商要求配置和控制家庭基站, 负责交换核心网和家庭基站的数据信息。 图 2是 3G家庭基站网络架构图, 3G家庭基站通过新定义的 Iuh接口连接至家庭基站网关, 家庭基站网关提 供到核心网分组域和电路域的 IuPS和 IuCs接口。 对于 3G网络而言, 家庭 基站网关必须屏蔽引入家庭基站后对终端和网络侧的影响。 对于 LTE网络 而言, 家庭基站网关是可选的, 因此 LTE家庭基站和核心网之间有两种连 接方式, 一种是家庭基站和核心网网元直接相连, 另一种是家庭基站通过 网关和核心网网元相连, 分别如图 3、 图 4所示。 对于图 4所示的引入家庭 基站网关的场景, 家庭基站网关可以不集成用户面功能, 家庭基站和核心 网用户面网关间直接建立用户面, 这样可以使用户面扁平化, 将数据传输 时延减小, 如图 5所示。
家庭基站除了支持通过移动核心网络的接入之外, 还可以支持本地 IP 接入。在家庭基站具备本地 IP接入能力并且用户签约允许本地 IP访问的条 件下, 可以实现用户对家庭网络其他 IP设备或者互联网络的本地接入。 通 过本地接入功能可以实现 Internet数据业务的分流, 以降低核心网负荷, 并 且对于家庭网络设备的访问可以不通过核心网, 使数据传输便捷高效。 本 地 IP接入功能在宏蜂窝上也可以使用, 主要用途和家庭基站类似, 更多的 是应用在本地 IP接入 Internet这种场景, 目的是降低核心网负荷。 图 6给 出了实现上述本地接入功能的架构。 其中, 本地接入网关作为本地接入到 外部网络(例如 internet ) 的网络, 提供地址分配、 计费、 分组包过滤、 策 略控制等功能。 该网元作为一个逻辑单元在实际部署的时候可以作为独立 存在的网元, 也可以和现有的家用基站或者家用基站网关联合部署。 并且, 如果该网元作为一个独立的网元存在, 则既可以位于无线侧网络, 也可以 位于核心网。
为了使本地连接在用户位置发生移动的过程中仍然能够保持连续, 还 可以引入扩展隧道 ( Extension Tunnel )。 当 UE初始建立连接时, 在无线侧 网元和本地网关 (LGW )之间使用直接隧道传递数据, 以保证数据传递的 高效性。 一旦 UE的位置发生了移动, UE要接入的无线侧网元和 LGW之 间则不能够再使用直接隧道传递数据, 而是通过扩展隧道继续传递数据, 从而保证业务的连续性。显然,上述的 UE在位置移动后固定使用扩展隧道 的方式, 缺乏灵活性, 并且不利于数据传递的高效性。 发明内容
有鉴于此, 本发明的主要目的在于提供一种实现路由选择的方法和装 置, 以提高数据传输灵活性, 尽量保证数据传递的高效性。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种实现路由选择的方法, 该方法包括:
针对用户设备 UE要接入的无线侧网元,获取与直接隧道相关的该无线 侧网元信息和本地网关 LGW 信息, 以确定是否可在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道。
确定是否可使用直接隧道的操作是在以下至少之一的过程中进行的:
UE切换过程;
UE的跟踪区更新或路由区更新或业务请求过程。
在 UE切换过程中,确定是否可使用直接隧道的功能实体为以下至少之
LGW、 源基站、 目标基站、 源移动管理单元、 目标移动管理单元。 由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: LGW根 据目标移动管理单元上报的目标小区或基站的信息, 判断能否和目标基站 之间建立直接隧道;
由源基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源基站 根据目标小区或基站的信息和 LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能 否建立直接隧道;
由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息和 LGW的信息,判断目标基站 和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
由目标基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 目标 基站根据 LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立目标基站和 LGW之间的直接 隧道;
由目标移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包 括: 目标移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息和存在的本地连接以及 LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且由源基站或目标基站确定 是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源基站或目标基站根据在 X2接口上交互的信息, 判断目标基站能否与 LGW直接建立直接隧道。
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时,获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括:目标移动管理单元通过服务网关 SGW和分组数据网关 PGW向 LGW 发送位置变化通知, 将 UE当前接入的目标小区或基站信息上报给 LGW; 或者,
在 SGW发生变化时, 目标 SGW通过 PGW发送修改承载请求, 以将 来自目标移动管理单元的目标小区或基站信息通知给 LGW;
由源基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过 程包括: 源基站在切换流程中获取目标小区或基站的信息;
由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元 信息的过程包括: 源基站向源移动管理单元发送包含目标小区或基站信息 的切换请求消息;
由目标基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的 过程包括: 目标移动管理单元获知 UE接入目标小区或基站信息、并且有本 地连接存在,并向目标基站发送携带有 UE的承载上下文信息的切换请求消 息, 其中携带本地网关的信息;
由目标移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网 元信息的过程包括: 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位 请求消息, 其中携带的目标小区或基站信息; 获取所述本地网关信息的过 程包括: 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求消息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息, 包含本地网关的信息;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且由目标基站确定是否可使 用直接隧道时, 获取所述本地网关信息的过程包括: 目标基站在 X2接口上 从源基站获得本地网关信息。
当确定是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该方法 进一步包括:
移动管理单元获得判断结果后, 通知给 LGW, 建立所述直接隧道。 在 UE的跟踪区更新或业务请求过程中,确定是否可使用直接隧道的功 能实体为以下至少之一:
LGW、 移动管理单元、 基站。
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: LGW根 据移动管理单元上报的当前 UE所接入小区或基站的信息判断能否和当前 UE所接入的基站建立直接隧道; 移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时,具体的确定过程包括: 移动管理单元根据 UE接入的小区或基站的 信息和 LGW的信息, 判断当前 UE所接入的基站和 LGW之间能否建立直 接隧道; 或者,
移动管理单元发生变化并且由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧 道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息 和 LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道; 隧道时,具体的确定过程包括: 目标移动管理单元根据当前 UE接入的小区 或基站的信息和从源基站获得的 LGW的信息, 判断基站和 LGW之间能否 建立直接隧道;
由基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 基站根据 LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立和 LGW之间的直接隧道。
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时,获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括: 移动管理单元通过 SGW、 PGW向 LGW发送位置变化通知, 以将 UE当前接入的小区或者基站信息上报给 LGW;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 移动管理单元从跟踪区更 新请求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的小区或者基站的信息;
移动管理单元发生变化并且由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧 道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 目标移动管理单元向源移动 管理单元发送上下文请求消息,其中携带 UE接入的小区或者基站的标识信 息;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 移动管理单元从跟踪区更 新请求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的小区或者基站的信息; 获取所述 LGW
息, 其中携带 UE的上下文中包含 LGW的信息;
由基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括: 移动管理单元向基站发送初始上下文建立请求,其中携带 UE的上下 文信息。
当确定是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该方法 进一步包括:
移动管理单元获得判断结果后, 通知给 LGW, 建立所述直接隧道。 确定是否可使用直接隧道时,进一步对可以建立直接隧道的 LGW和无 线侧网元的关系对照表进行考虑。
一种实现路由选择的装置, 该装置包括直接隧道决策信息维护单元、 直接隧道决策单元; 其中,
所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元, 用于针对 UE要接入的无线侧网元, 获取与直接隧道相关的该无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 用于根据所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元所 获取的无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息, 确定是否可在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道。
所述直接隧道决策单元确定是否可使用直接隧道的操作, 是在以下至 少之一的过程中进行的:
UE切换过程;
UE的跟踪区更新或业务请求过程。
在 UE切换过程中,所述直接隧道决策单元设置于以下功能实体至少之 一中:
LGW、 源基站、 目标基站、 源移动管理单元、 目标移动管理单元。 所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,用于: 根据目标移动管理单 元上报的位置信息判断能否和目标基站之间建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源基站中时, 用于: 根据目标小区或基 站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理单元中时, 用于: 根据目标 小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标基站中时,用于: 根据 LGW的地址 信息判断是否能够建立目标基站和 LGW之间的直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标移动管理单元中时, 用于: 根据目 标小区或基站的信息以及存在的本地连接,判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否 建立直接隧道;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且所述直接隧道决策单元设 置于源基站或目标基站中时, 用于: 根据在 X2接口上交互的信息, 判断目 标基站能否与 LGW直接建立直接隧道。
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于通过 SGW和 PGW向所述直接隧道决策单元发送位置变化通知, 将 UE当前接入的位置信息上报给所述直接隧道决策单元; 或者,
在 SGW发生变化时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于通过目标 SGW 、 PGW发送修改承载请求, 以将来自目标移动管理单元的位置信息 通知给所述直接隧道决策单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维 护单元用于在切换流程中获取目标小区或基站的信息, 并发送给所述直接 隧道决策单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道决 策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送包含目标小区或基站信 息的切换请求消息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息 维护单元用于获知 UE接入位置变化、并且有本地连接存在,并向所述直接 隧道决策单元发送携带有 UE的承载上下文信息的切换请求消息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道 决策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送转发重定位请求消 息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且所述直接隧道决策单元设 置于源基站或目标基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于维护在 X2接口上交互过程中所处理的信息, 并将所维护的信息发送给所述直接隧 道决策单元。
当确定是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该装置 进一步包括直接隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 进一步用于将所述判断结果发送给所述直接 隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道执行单元, 用于建立所述直接隧道。
所述直接隧道执行单元设置于 LGW中。
在 UE的跟踪区更新或业务请求过程中 ,所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 以下功能实体至少之一中:
LGW、 移动管理单元、 基站。
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,用于: 根据移动管理单元上 报的位置信息判断能否和当前 UE所接入的基站建立直接隧道;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于移动管 理单元中时, 用于: 根据 UE接入的基站的信息, 判断当前 UE所接入的基 站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道; 或者, 移动管理单元发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理 单元中时, 用于: 根据目标小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间 能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于基站中时,用于: 根据 LGW的地址信息 判断是否能够建立和 LGW之间的直接隧道。
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于通过 SGW、 PGW 向所述直接隧道决策单元发送位置变化通知, 以将 UE当前接入的位置信息上报给所述直接隧道决策单元;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于 移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于从跟踪区更新请 求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的基站的信息,并将所获取的信息发送给所述 直接隧道决策单元;
移动管理单元发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理 单元中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元 发送上下文请求消息, 其中携带 UE接入的基站的标识信息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送初始上下文建立请求, 其中携带 UE 的上下文信息。
当确定是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该装置 进一步包括直接隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 进一步用于将所述判断结果发送给所述直接 隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道执行单元, 用于建立所述直接隧道。
所述直接隧道执行单元设置于 LGW中。
所述直接隧道决策单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 进一步用于对可 以建立直接隧道的包括关系对照表在内的网关信息进行考虑。
本发明实现路由选择的方法和装置, 能够根据实际应用场景中的系统 信息等内容灵活判断是否需要为 UE建立直接隧道,因此能够明显提高数据 传输灵活性, 并且也可以尽量保证数据传递的高效性。 附图说明
图 1为演进分组域系统的结构示意图;
图 2为 3G家庭基站网络架构示意图;
图 3为 LTE家庭基站网络架构示意图之一;
图 4为 LTE家庭基站网络架构示意图之二;
图 5为 LTE家庭基站网络架构示意图之三;
图 6为实现本地接入的网络架构示意图之一;
图 7为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由本地网关进行路由选择的流 程图;
图 8为本发明另一实施例的切换过程中, 由本地网关进行路由选择的 流程图;
图 9为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由源无线侧网元进行路由选择 的流程图;
图 10为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由源移动管理单元进行路由选 择的流程图;
图 11为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由目标无线侧网元进行路由选 择的流程图;
图 12为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由目标移动管理单元进行路由 选择的流程图;
图 13为本发明一实施例的 LTE接入系统内 X2切换过程中, 进行路由 选择的流程图; 图 14为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由本地网 关进行路由选择的流程图;
图 15为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由移动管 理单元进行路由选择的流程图;
图 16为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由基站进 行路由选择的流程图;
图 17为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由源移动 管理单元进行路由选择的流程图;
图 18为本发明一实施例的实现路由选择的流程简图;
图 19为本发明一实施例的实现路由选择的装置图。 具体实施方式
在实际应用中, 如果是 LTE接入, 则基站指普通基站或者家用基站, 移动管理单元指 MME。 进一步的, 如果是家用基站并且在包含家用基站网 关的架构中, 则基站和移动管理单元之间传递的消息还需要通过家用基站 网关, 但是家用基站网关不会修改与本发明相关的参数, 因此这里不对该 架构进行特殊说明。 另夕卜, 如果是 UTRAN/GERAN接入, 则基站指 RNC 或者 HNB GW, 移动管理单元指 SGSN。
参见图 7, 图 7为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由 LGW进行路由选 择的流程图。 图 7 所示流程适用于在 LTE 接入系统内切换、 在 UTRAN/GERAN系统内切换、 或者在 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切 换。
如果在同一系统内切换,如在 LTE系统内切换,或者在 UTRAN/GERAN 系统内切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变 化, 则源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两 者之间传递的消息都可以省略。在切换之前, UE已经建立了本地连接。 PGW 和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧 道。
图 7所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 700: 源基站发起切换流程, 并要求 UE上报测量报告。
步骤 701: 源基站选择了目标基站后, 向源移动管理单元发送切换请求 消息,其中包含目标基站标识 /目标小区标识和目标跟踪区 /路由区标识、 UE 的承载标识等信息。
步骤 702:源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求消 息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文 信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识、 LGW的地址和隧道端标识 等信息。
步骤 703: 目标移动管理单元判断是否需要重新选择 SGW, 本实施方 式中判定为不需要。目标移动管理单元根据 UE接入位置变化以及存在的本 地连接,判定需要上报 UE的位置信息给 LGW。目标移动管理单元通过 SGW 和 PGW向 LGW发送位置变化通知, 将 UE 当前接入的位置信息上报给 LGW, 上报的内容可以包括目标基站标识、 和 /或目标小区标识、 和 /或目标 跟踪区 /路由区标识。
步骤 704: LGW根据目标移动管理单元上报的位置信息判断能否和目 标基站之间建立直接隧道。
步骤 705: LGW将判断结果携带于位置变化通知响应中, 通过 PGW 和 SGW通知给目标移动管理单元。
步骤 706: 目标移动管理单元根据 LGW的判断结果, 决定下发 SGW 的地址和隧道端标识或者 LGW 的地址和隧道端标识给目标基站。 如果 LGW判断能够建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管理单元将 LGW的地址和隧道 端标识下发给目标基站; 如果 LGW判断无法建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管 理单元将 SGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站。
步骤 707: 目标移动管理单元向目标基站发送切换请求消息, 其中携带 UE的承载上下文信息。 如果 LGW判断能够建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管 理单元将 LGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站; 如果 LGW判断无法 建立直接隧道,则目标移动管理单元将 SGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目 标基站。
该过程之后执行切换准备的剩余流程。 步骤 707和步骤 708中间所省 略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赘述。
步骤 708: UE切换到目标网络, 向目标基站发送切换完成请求。
步骤 709: 目标基站向目标移动管理单元发送切换通知请求, 其中携带 UE当前接入的基站标识、 和 /或跟踪区 /路由区标识、 和 /或小区标识、 以及 目标基站的地址和用户面隧道端标识。
步骤 710: 目标移动管理单元根据之前获得的直接隧道是否能建立的信 息判断如何执行后续步骤。
步骤 711 : 如果之前判断可以建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管理单元向 SGW发送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用户面地址和隧道端标识、 以及通知 SGW将上述地址发送给 LGW的指示。
如果之前判断为不可以建立直接隧道,则目标移动管理单元向 SGW发 送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用户面地址和隧道端标识, 但是不 需要指示 SGW将上述地址发送给 LGW。 在这种情况下, 不需要执行步骤 712至步骤 713, 直接执行步骤 714即可。
步骤 712: SGW向 PGW发送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用 户面地址和隧道端标识、 以及通知 PGW将上述地址发送给 LGW的指示。
步骤 713: PGW向 LGW发送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用 户面地址和隧道端标识。 LGW根据上述信息, 建立 LGW和目标基站之间 的直接隧道。
步骤 714: LGW通过 PGW、 SGW向目标移动管理单元返回修改承载 响应消息。
后续执行切换的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人 员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
参见图 8, 图 8为本发明另一实施例的切换过程中, 由 LGW进行路由 选择的流程图。图 8所示流程适用于 LTE接入系统内切换、 UTRAN/GERAN 系统内切换、 或者 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切换。
如果在同一系统内切换, 如: 在 LTE系统内或者 UTRAN/GERAN系 统内切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变化, 则源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两者之 间传递的消息都可以省略。 在切换之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW 和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧 道。
图 8所示流程与图 7相比,因 SGW发生了变化而执行的步骤稍有不同, 主要差别在于以下步骤:
步骤 803:目标移动管理单元向目标 SGW发送的消息为创建会话请求, 而不是位置信息上报请求, 但是该请求中也需要携带目标基站标识、 和 /或 目标小区标识、 和 /或目标艮踪区 /路由区标识。
步骤 804至步骤 805: 目标 SGW通过 PGW发送修改承载请求, 以将 来自目标移动管理单元的上述位置信息通知给 LGW。
步骤 806: LGW根据目标移动管理单元上报的位置信息判断能否和目 标基站之间建立直接隧道。
步骤 807: LGW通过 PGW向目标 SGW返回修改承载响应消息, 其中 携带 LGW的判断结果。
后续步骤的处理与图 7相应步骤类似, 即步骤 808至步骤 817与步骤 706至步骤 714类似, 这里不 #文赞述。
后续执行切换的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人 员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
参见图 9, 图 9为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由源无线侧网元进行 路由选择的流程图。 图 9 所示流程适用于 LTE 接入系统内切换、 UTRAN/GERAN系统内切换、或者 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切换。
如果在同一系统内切换, 如: LTE系统内或者 UTRAN/GERAN系统内 切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变化, 则 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两者之间 传递的消息都可以省略。 在切换之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧道。
图 9所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 900: 源基站发起切换流程, 并要求 UE上报测量报告。
步骤 901 : 源基站根据在切换流程中所获取的目标小区 (cell )或基站 的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道。
步骤 902: 源基站向源移动管理单元发送切换请求消息, 其中包含目标 基站标识 /目标小区标识和目标艮踪区 /路由区标识、 UE 的 载标识、 以及 目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道的指示信息等。
步骤 903 : 源移动管理单元根据源基站的指示信息判断是否需要将 LGW地址和隧道标识发送给目标网元。
步骤 904: 如果源基站指示 LGW和目标基站之间无法建立直接隧道, 带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需 要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识等信息, 但不包括 LGW的相关信息。 后 续目标基站执行现有的切换流程中的后续步骤, 该过程是现有技术, 是本 领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赘述。
如果源基站指示 LGW和目标基站之间可以建立直接隧道,则源移动管 理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求消息,其中携带 UE的上下 文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要包含 SGW 的地址和隧道端标识、 LGW的地址和隧道端标识、 以及可以建立直接隧道 的指示信息等。
步骤 905: 目标移动管理单元判断是否需要重新选择 SGW, 本实施方 式中判定为不需要。 目标移动管理单元根据可以建立直接隧道的指示信息 决定下发 SGW的地址和隧道端标识或者 LGW的地址和隧道端标识给目标 基站。
步骤 906: 目标移动管理单元向目标基站发送切换请求消息, 其中携带 UE 的承载上下文信息。 如果能够建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管理单元将 LGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站; 如果无法建立直接隧道, 则目 标移动管理单元将 SGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站。
步骤 907: 执行切换准备的剩余流程。 该过程是现有技术, 是本领域技 术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赘述。
步骤 908至步骤 914与图 7中的步骤 708至步骤 714类似, 这里不做 赘述。
本实施例中, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化, 本 发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。 步骤 911至步骤 914中涉及传递目标基 站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信令与本实施例可能 不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赘述。
参见图 10, 图 10为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由源移动管理单元 进行路由选择的流程图。 图 10 所示流程适用于 LTE接入系统内切换、 UTRAN/GERAN系统内切换、或者 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切换。
如果在同一系统内切换, 如: LTE系统内或者 UTRAN/GERAN系统内 切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变化, 则 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两者之间 传递的消息都可以省略。 在切换之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧道。
图 10所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1001 : 源基站发起切换流程, 并要求 UE上报测量报告。
步骤 1002: 源基站向源移动管理单元发送切换请求消息, 其中包含目 标基站标识 /目标小区标识和目标艮踪区 /路由区标识、 以及 UE的 载标识 等信息。
步骤 1003: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基 站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道。
步骤 1004: 如果源移动管理单元判断 LGW和目标基站之间无法建立 直接隧道, 则源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求消 息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文 信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识等信息, 但不包括 LGW的相 关信息。 后续目标基站执行现有的切换流程中的后续步骤, 该过程是现有 技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
如果源移动管理单元判断 LGW和目标基站之间可以建立直接隧道,则 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求消息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要 包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识、 LGW的地址和隧道端标识、 以及可以建 立直接隧道的指示信息等。 步骤 1005: 目标移动管理单元判断是否需要重新选择 SGW, 本实施方 式中判定为不需要。 目标移动管理单元根据可以建立直接隧道的指示信息 决定下发 SGW的地址和隧道端标识或者 LGW的地址和隧道端标识给目标 基站。
步骤 1006: 目标移动管理单元向目标基站发送切换请求消息, 其中携 带 UE的承载上下文信息。如果能够建立直接隧道, 则目标移动管理单元将 LGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站; 如果无法建立直接隧道, 则目 标移动管理单元将 SGW的地址和隧道端标识下发给目标基站。
步骤 1007: 执行切换准备的剩余流程。 该过程是现有技术, 是本领域 技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
步骤 1008至步骤 1014与步骤 708至步骤 714类似, 这里不做赘述。 本实施例中, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化, 本 发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。 步骤 1011至步骤 1014中涉及传递目标 基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信令与本实施例可 能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赞述。
参见图 11 , 图 11为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由目标无线侧网元 进行路由选择的流程图。 图 11 所示流程适用于 LTE接入系统内切换、 UTRAN/GERAN系统内切换、或者 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切换。
如果在同一系统内切换, 如: LTE系统内或者 UTRAN/GERAN系统内 切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变化, 则 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两者之间 传递的消息都可以省略。 在切换之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧道。
图 11所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1100: 源基站发起切换流程, 并要求 UE上报测量报告。 步骤 1101 : 源基站向源移动管理单元发送切换请求消息, 其中包含目 标基站标识 /目标小区标识和目标艮踪区 /路由区标识、 以及 UE的 载标识 等信息。
步骤 1102: 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求 消息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息, 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下 文信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识、 LGW的地址和隧道端标 识等信息。
步骤 1103: 目标移动管理单元判断是否需要重新选择 SGW, 本实施方 式中判定为不需要。 目标移动管理单元获知 UE接入位置变化、并且有本地 连接存在,因此向目标基站发送携带有 UE的承载上下文信息的切换请求消 息,其中包括 SGW的地址和隧道端标识、以及 LGW的地址和隧道端标识。
步骤 1104: 目标基站根据 LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立目标基 站和 LGW之间的直接隧道。
步骤 1105: 目标基站向目标移动管理单元返回切换请求应答消息, 其 中携带成功建立的承载信息。
除此之外, 还可以携带是否能够建立直接隧道的指示信息。 如果该步 骤中携带了该指示信息, 则步骤 1107不需要携带该指示信息。
该过程之后执行切换准备的剩余流程。 步骤 1105和 1106中间省略的 过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里 不做赘述。
步骤 1106: UE切换到目标网络, 向目标基站发送切换完成请求。
步骤 1107: 目标基站向目标移动管理单元发送切换通知请求, 其中携 带 UE当前接入的基站标识、 和 /或跟踪区 /路由区标识、 和 /或小区标识、 以 及目标基站的地址和用户面隧道端标识。
除此之外还可以携带是否能够建立直接隧道的指示信息。 如果该步骤 中携带了该指示信息, 则步骤 1105不需要携带该指示信息。
步骤 1108至步骤 1112与步骤 710至步骤 714类似, 这里不做赘述。 本实施例中, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化, 本 发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。步骤 1109至步骤 1112中涉及传递目标基 站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信令与本实施例可能 不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赘述。
参见图 12, 图 12为本发明一实施例的切换过程中, 由目标移动管理单 元进行路由选择的流程图。 图 12所示流程适用于 LTE接入系统内切换、 UTRAN/GERAN系统内切换、或者 LTE和 UTRAN/GERAN系统之间切换。
如果在同一系统内切换, 如: LTE系统内或者 UTRAN/GERAN系统内 切换, 移动管理单元可能不发生变化。 如果移动管理单元不发生变化, 则 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元可以看做同一网元, 所有在两者之间 传递的消息都可以省略。 在切换之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧道。
步骤 1200: 源基站发起切换流程, 并要求 UE上报测量报告。
步骤 1201 : 源基站向源移动管理单元发送切换请求消息, 其中包含目 标基站标识 /目标小区标识和目标艮踪区 /路由区标识、 以及 UE的 载标识 等信息。
步骤 1202: 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位请求 消息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下 文信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识、 以及 LGW的地址和隧道 端标识等信息。
步骤 1203: 目标移动管理单元判断是否需要重新选择 SGW, 本实施方 式中判定为不需要。 目标移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息以及存 在的本地连接, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道。 步骤 1204: 目标移动管理单元向目标基站发送切换请求消息, 其中携 带 UE的承载上下文信息。
此外,如果目标移动管理单元判断 LGW和目标基站之间无法建立直接 其中携带 UE的上下文信息, 其中需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识等信 息,但不包括 LGW的相关信息。后续目标基站执行现有的切换流程中的后 续步骤, 该过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明 无关, 这里不做赘述。
如果目标移动管理单元判断 LGW和目标基站之间可以建立直接隧道, 携带 UE的上下文信息, 其中需要包含 LGW的地址和隧道端标识等信息, 但不包括 SGW的相关信息。
步骤 1205: 目标基站向目标移动管理单元返回切换请求应答消息, 其 中携带成功建立的承载信息。
该过程之后所执行的步骤 1206至步骤 1212与步骤 708至步骤 714类 似, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化, 本 发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。 步骤 1209至步骤 1212中涉及传递目标 基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信令与本实施例可 能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赞述。
参见图 13,图 13为本发明一实施例的 LTE接入系统内 X2切换过程中, 进行路由选择的流程图。 图 13所示流程适用于 LTE接入系统内切换。 在切 换之前, UE已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道, LGW和源基站之间已经建立了直接隧道。
图 13所示流程包括以下步骤: 步骤 1301 : 源基站发起切换流程。 由于源基站和目标基站直接存在 X2 接口, 因此两者之间可以通过 X2接口消息交互彼此信息, 并完成无线的资 源预留。 该过程执行之后, UE已经切换到目标基站。
目标基站或者源基站可以根据在 X2接口上交互过程中所处理的信息, 判断目标基站能否与 LGW直接建立直接隧道。
步骤 1302: 目标基站向移动管理单元发送路径转换请求消息, 其中携 带能否建立直接隧道的指示信息。
步骤 1303: 移动管理单元根据获得的是否能建立直接隧道的信息判断 如何执行后续步骤。 移动管理单元还需要判断 SGW是否需要变化, 这里判 断为需要变化。
步骤 1304: 如果之前判断可以建立直接隧道, 则移动管理单元向目标 SGW发送创建会话请求, 其中携带目标基站的用户面地址和隧道端标识、 以及通知 SGW将上述地址发送给 LGW的指示。
如果之前判断为不可以建立直接隧道,则目标移动管理单元向 SGW发 送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用户面地址和隧道端标识, 但是不 需要指示 SGW将上述地址发送给 LGW。 在这种情况下, 不需要执行步骤 1305至步骤 1307 , 而是直接执行步骤 1308。
步骤 1305: 目标 SGW向 PGW发送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站 的用户面地址和隧道端标识、 以及通知 PGW将上述地址发送给 LGW的指 示。
步骤 1306: PGW向 LGW发送修改承载请求, 其中携带目标基站的用 户面地址和隧道端标识。 LGW根据收到的上述信息建立 LGW和目标基站 之间的直接隧道。
步骤 1307: LGW通过 PGW向目标 SGW返回修改承载响应消息。 步骤 1308: 目标 SGW向移动管理单元返回创建会话响应消息 步骤 1309: 移动管理单元向目标基站发送路径转换应答消息。
如果步骤 1303中判断能够建立直接隧道, 则该消息中包含 LGW的地 址和隧道端标识。
如果步骤 1303中判断不能建立直接隧道, 则该消息中包含 SGW的地 址和隧道端标识。
步骤 1310: 移动管理单元向源 SGW发送删除会话请求, 要求删除源 SGW上面的 UE上下文; 源 SGW根据移动管理单元的请求删除会话。
后续执行切换的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人 员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中, 同样适用于 SGW不变的流程。 SGW如果不变, 则步骤 1304和步骤 1308中的两条消息分别是修改承载请求和修改承载响应,并且 本发明涉及的内容传递还是类似的。 在这种情况下, 步骤 1310无需执行。
参见图 14,图 14为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由 LGW 进行路由选择的流程图 。 图 14 所示流程适用 于 EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN 接入系 统中 的业务请求过程、 以 及 EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN接入系统、 移动管理单元和 SGW没有发生变化 的跟踪区 /路由区更新过程。 在发起跟踪区更新请求或者业务请求之前, UE 已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道。
步骤 1401至步骤 1402: UE通过基站发起跟踪区更新请求或者业务请 求。
步骤 1403: 移动管理单元根据 UE接入位置变化、 以及存在的本地连 接,判定需要上报 UE的位置信息给 LGW。移动管理单元通过 SGW、 PGW 向 LGW发送位置变化通知, 以将 UE当前接入的位置信息上报给 LGW, 上报的内容可以包括接入基站标识、 和 /或接入小区标识、 和 /或接入跟踪区 /路由区标识。 步骤 1404: LGW根据移动管理单元上报的位置信息判断能否和当前 UE所接入的基站建立直接隧道。
步骤 1405: LGW将判断结果携带于位置变化通知响应中, 通过 PGW、 SGW通知给移动管理单元。
步骤 1406: 移动管理单元根据 LGW的判断结果, 决定下发 SGW的地 址和隧道端标识或者 LGW的地址和隧道端标识给当前接入的基站。
步骤 1407: 移动管理单元向基站发送初始上下文建立请求, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。
如果 LGW判断能够建立直接隧道, 则 UE的上下文信息中包含 LGW 的地址和隧道端标识; 如果 LGW判断无法建立直接隧道, 则 UE的上下文 信息中包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识。
步骤 1408: UE当前接入的基站触发建立空口承载, 并向移动管理单元 发送初始上下文建立响应, 其中携带基站的地址和隧道端标识。
步骤 1409至 1413与步骤 710至步骤 714类似, 这里不 #文赞述。
后续执行跟踪区更新或业务请求的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中如果是跟踪区 /路由区更新, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的 流程。 SGW如果变化, 本发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的, 主要差别在于 以下步骤:
步骤 1403: 目标移动管理单元向目标 SGW发送的消息为创建会话请 求, 而不是位置信息上报请求, 但是该创建会话请求中也需要携带目标基 站标识、 和 /或目标小区标识、 和 /或目标艮踪区 /路由区标识。
步骤 1405: 目标 SGW返回给移动管理单元的消息为创建会话响应。 步骤 1410至步骤 1413中涉及传递目标基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW 变化所导致的其他切换信令与本实施例可能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉 及内容, 这里不做赞述。
进一步的, 本实施例还适用在跟踪区 /路由区更新过程中移动管理单元 变化的场景。 如果移动管理单元变化, 则图中的移动管理单元指的都是目 标移动管理单元, 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元之间的交互是本领 域技术人员所公知的技术, 并且与本发明无关, 在这里不做赞述。
参见图 15 ,图 15为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由移动管理单元进行路由选择的流程图。 图 15 所示流程适用于 EUTR AN/UTR AN/GER AN接入系统中的业务请求过程、 以及 EUTR AN接 入系统、移动管理单元和 SGW没有发生变化的跟踪区更新过程。 在发起跟 踪区更新请求或者业务请求之前, UE已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW 之间已经建立了扩展隧道。
图 15所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1501 : UE通过基站发起跟踪区更新请求或者业务请求。
步骤 1502: 移动管理单元根据从跟踪区更新请求或者业务请求获取到 的 UE接入的基站的信息, 判断当前 UE所接入的基站和 LGW之间能否建 立直接隧道。
步骤 1503: 如果移动管理单元判断无法建立直接隧道, 则移动管理单 元向 UE接入的基站发送初始上下文建立请求,其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和 隧道端标识等信息,但不包括 LGW的相关信息。后续执行现有的切换流程 中的后续步骤, 该过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与 本发明无关, 这里不做赘述。
如果移动管理单元判断可以建立直接隧道,则移动管理单元向 UE接入 的基站发送初始上下文建立请求, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已 经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要包含 LGW 的地址和隧道端标 识。
步骤 1504: UE接入的基站触发建立空口承载, 向移动管理单元返回初 始上下文建立响应, 其中携带基站的地址和隧道端标识。
步骤 1505至步骤 1508与步骤 711至步骤 714类似, 这里不做赘述。 后续执行跟踪区更新或业务请求的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中如果是跟踪区更新, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化,本发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。步骤 1505至步骤 1508 中涉及传递目标基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信 令与本实施例可能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赞述。
进一步的, 本实施例还适用于跟踪区更新过程中移动管理单元变化的 场景。 如果移动管理单元变化, 则图中的移动管理单元指的都是目标移动 管理单元, 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元之间的交互是本领域技术 人员所公知的技术, 其中源移动管理单元向标移动管理单元发送的上下文 响应请求中的 UE上下文信息中包含本地网关的信息 ,其他步骤和信息与本 发明无关, 在这里不做赘述。
参见图 16,图 16为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由基站进行路由选择的 流程 图 。 图 16 所示流程适用 于 EUTR AN/UTR AN/GER AN接入系统中的业务请求过程、 以及 EUTR AN接 入系统、移动管理单元和 SGW没有发生变化的跟踪区更新过程。 在发起跟 踪区更新请求或者业务请求之前, UE已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW 之间已经建立了扩展隧道。
图 16所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1601至步骤 1602: UE通过基站发起跟踪区更新请求或者业务请 求。 步骤 1603: 移动管理单元向基站发送初始上下文建立请求, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要 包含 SGW的地址和隧道端标识信息、 以及 LGW的地址和隧道端标识信息 等。
步骤 1604:基站根据 LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立和 LGW之间 的直接隧道。
步骤 1605: 基站触发建立空口承载, 向移动管理单元返回初始上下文 建立响应消息, 其中携带成功建立的承载信息、 基站的地址和隧道端标识、 以及直接隧道是否能够建立的指示信息。
步骤 1606至步骤 1610与与步骤 710至步骤 714类似, 这里不 #文赞述。 后续执行跟踪区更新或业务请求的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中如果是跟踪区更新, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的流程。 SGW如果变化, 本发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。 步骤 1607至 1610中 涉及传递目标基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的其他切换信令 与本实施例可能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里不做赞述。
进一步的, 本实施例还适用于跟踪区 /路由区更新过程中移动管理单元 变化的场景。 如果移动管理单元变化, 则图中的移动管理单元指的都是目 标移动管理单元, 源移动管理单元和目标移动管理单元之间的交互是本领 域技术人员所公知的技术, 其中源移动管理单元向标移动管理单元发送的 上下文响应请求中的 UE上下文信息中包含本地网关的信息,其他步骤和信 息与本发明无关, 在这里不做赘述。
参见图 17,图 17为本发明一实施例的跟踪区更新或者业务请求过程中, 由源移动管理单元进行路由选择的流程图。 图 17 所示流程适用于 EUTRAN/UTRAN/GERAN接入系统中的跟踪区路由更新或者路由区更新 的过程。 在发起跟踪区或者路由区更新过程前, UE已经建立了本地连接。 PGW和 LGW之间已经建立了扩展隧道。
图 17所示流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1701至步骤 1702: UE通过基站发起跟踪区更新请求或者路由区 更新请求。
步骤 1703: 目标移动管理单元向源移动管理单元发送上下文请求消息, 其中携带 UE接入的基站的标识信息,该标识信息可以是接入基站标识、和 /或接入 d、区标识、 和 /或接入跟踪区 /路由区标识。
步骤 1704: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基 站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道。
步骤 1705: 如果源移动管理单元判断无法建立直接隧道, 则源移动管 理单元向目标移动管理单元发送上下文响应消息,其中携带 UE的上下文信 息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要包含 SGW的地 址和隧道端标识等信息,但不包括 LGW的相关信息。后续执行现有的跟踪 区 /路由区更新流程的后续步骤, 该过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所 公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赘述。
如果源移动管理单元判断可以建立直接隧道, 则源移动管理单元向目 标移动管理单元发送上下文应答消息, 其中携带 UE 的上下文信息。 由于 UE已经建立了本地连接, 则上下文信息中还需要包含 SGW的地址和隧道 端标识、 LGW的地址和隧道端标识、以及可以建立直接隧道的指示信息等。
步骤 1706: 目标移动管理单元向源移动管理单元发送上下文应答消息。 如果是跟踪区更新过程,还需要为 UE建立无线承载,则需要执行步骤 1707至步骤 1708; 否则可以跳过步骤 1707和步骤 1708步骤, 直接执行后 续流程。
步骤 1707至步骤 1708: 目标移动管理单元向基站发送初始上下文建立 请求, 基站触发建立空口承载, 并向目标移动管理单元返回初始上下文建 立响应消息。
步骤 1709至步骤 1713与步骤 710至步骤 714类似, 这里不做赘述。 后续执行跟踪区更新或业务请求的剩余步骤, 省略的过程是现有技术, 是本领域技术人员所公知的, 并且与本发明无关, 这里不做赞述。
本实施例中如果是跟踪区 /路由区更新, 同样适用于 SGW发生变化的 流程。 SGW如果变化, 本发明涉及的内容传递也是类似的。 步骤 1710至 步骤 1713中涉及传递目标基站的 SGW为目标 SGW。 SGW变化所导致的 其他切换信令与本实施例可能不同, 但是不涉及本发明所涉及内容, 这里 不做赘述。
结合以上流程可知, 本发明实现路由选择的技术思路可以表示如图 18 所示。 参见图 18, 图 18为本发明一实施例的实现路由选择的流程简图, 该 流程包括以下步骤:
步骤 1810: 针对 UE要接入的无线侧网元, 获取与直接隧道相关的该 无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息。 所述无线侧网元信息包括以下至少之一: 闭 合用户组标识、 艮踪区标识、路由区标识、基站标识、小区标识。所述 LGW 信息包括以下至少之一: 地址、 域名信息。
步骤 1820: 根据所获取的无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息, 确定是否可 在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道。具体的确定方法有多种,如: 根据所获取的无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息,在可以建立直接隧道的关系对 照表等网关信息中查找获取的上述信息所对应的隧道建立配置, 由查找到 的隧道建立配置获知是否可以使用直接隧道。
上述的网关信息可以是本地静态配置的, 或者是通过运营商管理系统 动态下发的, 或者是通过向其他网元查询获得的。 所述其他网元包括但不 限于 DNS服务器、 运营商配置管理系统等。 步骤 1830: 在确定可使用直接隧道时, 在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之 间建立支持 UE通信的直接隧道。
在实际应用中, 为了顺利实现以上所述流程, 可以进行如图 19所示的 设置。 参见图 19, 图 19为本发明一实施例的实现路由选择的装置图, 该装 置包括相连的直接隧道决策信息维护单元、 直接隧道决策单元、 直接隧道 执行单元。 各单元可以分设或合设于网络中各位置, 只要能够顺利实现各 种功能并实现路由选择即可。
在实际应用时,直接隧道决策信息维护单元可以针对 UE要接入的无线 侧网元, 获取并维护与直接隧道相关的该无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息,还 可以将所述无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息发送给直接隧道决策单元。
直接隧道决策单元能够根据收到的无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息,确定 是否可在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道,并通知直接隧道执行 单元。
直接隧道执行单元在直接隧道决策单元确定可使用直接隧道时, 依据 来自直接隧道决策单元的通知在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间建立支持 UE 通信的直接隧道。
上述各操作单元所能实现的具体操作过程已在前述流程中详细描述, 在此不再赘述。
综上所述可见, 无论是方法还是装置, 本发明实现路由选择的技术能 够根据实际应用场景中的系统信息等内容灵活判断是否需要为 UE建立直 接隧道, 因此能够明显提高数据传输灵活性, 并且也可以尽量保证数据传 递的高效性。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已, 并非用于限定本发明的保 护范围, 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换和改进 等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种实现路由选择的方法, 其特征在于, 该方法包括:
针对用户设备 UE要接入的无线侧网元,获取与直接隧道相关的该无线 侧网元信息和本地网关 LGW 信息, 以确定是否可在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 确定是否可使用直接隧 道的操作是在以下至少之一的过程中进行的:
UE切换过程;
UE的跟踪区更新或路由区更新或业务请求过程。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在 UE切换过程中, 确 定是否可使用直接隧道的功能实体为以下至少之一:
LGW、 源基站、 目标基站、 源移动管理单元、 目标移动管理单元。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于:
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: LGW根 据目标移动管理单元上报的目标小区或基站的信息, 判断能否和目标基站 之间建立直接隧道;
由源基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源基站 根据目标小区或基站的信息和 LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能 否建立直接隧道;
由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息和 LGW的信息,判断目标基站 和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
由目标基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 目标 基站根据 LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立目标基站和 LGW之间的直接 隧道; 由目标移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包 括: 目标移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息和存在的本地连接以及
LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且由源基站或目标基站确定 是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源基站或目标基站根据在 X2接口上交互的信息, 判断目标基站能否与 LGW直接建立直接隧道。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于:
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时,获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括:目标移动管理单元通过服务网关 SGW和分组数据网关 PGW向 LGW 发送位置变化通知, 将 UE当前接入的目标小区或基站信息上报给 LGW; 或者,
在 SGW发生变化时, 目标 SGW通过 PGW发送修改承载请求, 以将 来自目标移动管理单元的目标小区或基站信息通知给 LGW;
由源基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过 程包括: 源基站在切换流程中获取目标小区或基站的信息;
由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元 信息的过程包括: 源基站向源移动管理单元发送包含目标小区或基站信息 的切换请求消息;
由目标基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的 过程包括: 目标移动管理单元获知 UE接入目标小区或基站信息、并且有本 地连接存在,并向目标基站发送携带有 UE的承载上下文信息的切换请求消 息, 其中携带本地网关的信息;
由目标移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网 元信息的过程包括: 源移动管理单元向目标移动管理单元发送转发重定位 请求消息, 其中携带的目标小区或基站信息; 获取所述本地网关信息的过 程包括: 源移动管 .重定位请求消息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息, 包含本地网关的信息;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且由目标基站确定是否可使 用直接隧道时, 获取所述本地网关信息的过程包括: 目标基站在 X2接口上 从源基站获得本地网关信息。
6、 根据权利要求 3至 5任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当确定是否 可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该方法进一步包括: 移动管理单元获得判断结果后, 通知给 LGW, 建立所述直接隧道。
7、 根据权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 在 UE的跟踪区更新或 业务请求过程中, 确定是否可使用直接隧道的功能实体为以下至少之一:
LGW、 移动管理单元、 基站。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于:
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: LGW根 据移动管理单元上报的当前 UE所接入小区或基站的信息判断能否和当前 UE所接入的基站建立直接隧道;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时,具体的确定过程包括: 移动管理单元根据 UE接入的小区或基站的 信息和 LGW的信息, 判断当前 UE所接入的基站和 LGW之间能否建立直 接隧道; 或者,
移动管理单元发生变化并且由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧 道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 源移动管理单元根据目标小区或基站的信息 和 LGW的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道; 隧道时,具体的确定过程包括: 目标移动管理单元根据当前 UE接入的小区 或基站的信息和从源基站获得的 LGW的信息, 判断基站和 LGW之间能否 建立直接隧道;
由基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 具体的确定过程包括: 基站根据
LGW的地址信息判断是否能够建立和 LGW之间的直接隧道。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的方法, 其特征在于:
由 LGW确定是否可使用直接隧道时,获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括: 移动管理单元通过 SGW、 PGW向 LGW发送位置变化通知, 以将 UE当前接入的小区或者基站信息上报给 LGW;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 移动管理单元从跟踪区更 新请求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的小区或者基站的信息;
移动管理单元发生变化并且由源移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接隧 道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 目标移动管理单元向源移动 管理单元发送上下文请求消息,其中携带 UE接入的小区或者基站的标识信 息;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且由移动管理单元确定是否可使用直接 隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程包括: 移动管理单元从跟踪区更 新请求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的小区或者基站的信息; 获取所述 LGW 息, 其中携带 UE的上下文中包含 LGW的信息;
由基站确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 获取所述无线侧网元信息的过程 包括: 移动管理单元向基站发送初始上下文建立请求,其中携带 UE的上下 文信息。
10、 根据权利要求 7至 9任一项所述的方法, 其特征在于, 当确定是 否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该方法进一步包括: 移动管理单元获得判断结果后, 通知给 LGW, 建立所述直接隧道。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 确定是否可使用 直接隧道时,进一步对可以建立直接隧道的 LGW和无线侧网元的关系对照 表进行考虑。
12、 一种实现路由选择的装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包括直接隧道决 策信息维护单元、 直接隧道决策单元; 其中,
所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元, 用于针对 UE要接入的无线侧网元, 获取与直接隧道相关的该无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 用于根据所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元所 获取的无线侧网元信息和 LGW信息, 确定是否可在所述无线侧网元与 LGW之间使用直接隧道。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述直接隧道决策单 元确定是否可使用直接隧道的操作, 是在以下至少之一的过程中进行的:
UE切换过程;
UE的跟踪区更新或业务请求过程。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 在 UE切换过程中, 所述直接隧道决策单元设置于以下功能实体至少之一中:
LGW、 源基站、 目标基站、 源移动管理单元、 目标移动管理单元。
15、 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于:
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,用于: 根据目标移动管理单 元上报的位置信息判断能否和目标基站之间建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源基站中时, 用于: 根据目标小区或基 站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理单元中时, 用于: 根据目标 小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标基站中时,用于: 根据 LGW的地址 信息判断是否能够建立目标基站和 LGW之间的直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标移动管理单元中时, 用于: 根据目 标小区或基站的信息以及存在的本地连接,判断目标基站和 LGW之间能否 建立直接隧道;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且所述直接隧道决策单元设 置于源基站或目标基站中时, 用于: 根据在 X2接口上交互的信息, 判断目 标基站能否与 LGW直接建立直接隧道。
16、 根据权利要求 14所述的装置, 其特征在于:
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于通过 SGW和 PGW向所述直接隧道决策单元发送位置变化通知, 将 UE当前接入的位置信息上报给所述直接隧道决策单元; 或者,
在 SGW发生变化时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于通过目标 SGW 、 PGW发送修改承载请求, 以将来自目标移动管理单元的位置信息 通知给所述直接隧道决策单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维 护单元用于在切换流程中获取目标小区或基站的信息, 并发送给所述直接 隧道决策单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道决 策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送包含目标小区或基站信 息的切换请求消息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息 维护单元用于获知 UE接入位置变化、并且有本地连接存在,并向所述直接 隧道决策单元发送携带有 UE的承载上下文信息的切换请求消息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于目标移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道 决策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送转发重定位请求消 息, 其中携带 UE的上下文信息;
所述切换为 LTE接入系统内 X2切换, 并且所述直接隧道决策单元设 置于源基站或目标基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于维护在 X2接口上交互过程中所处理的信息, 并将所维护的信息发送给所述直接隧 道决策单元。
17、 根据权利要求 14至 16任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 当确定 是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该装置进一步包括 直接隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 进一步用于将所述判断结果发送给所述直接 隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道执行单元, 用于建立所述直接隧道。
18、 根据权利要求 17所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述直接隧道执行单 元设置于 LGW中。
19、 根据权利要求 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 在 UE的跟踪区更新 或业务请求过程中, 所述直接隧道决策单元设置于以下功能实体至少之一 中:
LGW、 移动管理单元、 基站。
20、 根据权利要求 19所述的装置, 其特征在于:
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,用于: 根据移动管理单元上 报的位置信息判断能否和当前 UE所接入的基站建立直接隧道;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于移动管 理单元中时, 用于: 根据 UE接入的基站的信息, 判断当前 UE所接入的基 站和 LGW之间能否建立直接隧道; 或者,
移动管理单元发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理 单元中时, 用于: 根据目标小区或基站的信息, 判断目标基站和 LGW之间 能否建立直接隧道;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于基站中时,用于: 根据 LGW的地址信息 判断是否能够建立和 LGW之间的直接隧道。
21、 根据权利要求 19所述的装置, 其特征在于:
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于 LGW中时,所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于通过 SGW、 PGW 向所述直接隧道决策单元发送位置变化通知, 以将 UE当前接入的位置信息上报给所述直接隧道决策单元;
移动管理单元没有发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于 移动管理单元中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于从跟踪区更新请 求或者业务请求获取 UE接入的基站的信息,并将所获取的信息发送给所述 直接隧道决策单元;
移动管理单元发生变化并且所述直接隧道决策单元设置于源移动管理 单元中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元 发送上下文请求消息, 其中携带 UE接入的基站的标识信息;
所述直接隧道决策单元设置于基站中时, 所述直接隧道决策信息维护 单元用于向所述直接隧道决策单元发送初始上下文建立请求, 其中携带 UE 的上下文信息。
22、 根据权利要求 19至 21任一项所述的装置, 其特征在于, 当确定 是否可使用直接隧道的判断结果为可使用直接隧道时, 该装置进一步包括 直接隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道决策单元, 进一步用于将所述判断结果发送给所述直接 隧道执行单元;
所述直接隧道执行单元, 用于建立所述直接隧道。
23、 根据权利要求 22所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述直接隧道执行单 元设置于 LGW中。
24、 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述直接隧道 决策单元确定是否可使用直接隧道时, 进一步用于对可以建立直接隧道的 包括关系对照表在内的网关信息进行考虑。
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