WO2011141292A1 - Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter le symbole, parmi des symboles de données de filigrane, qui est incorporé dans un signal reçu - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter le symbole, parmi des symboles de données de filigrane, qui est incorporé dans un signal reçu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011141292A1
WO2011141292A1 PCT/EP2011/056652 EP2011056652W WO2011141292A1 WO 2011141292 A1 WO2011141292 A1 WO 2011141292A1 EP 2011056652 W EP2011056652 W EP 2011056652W WO 2011141292 A1 WO2011141292 A1 WO 2011141292A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
false positive
probability
peaks
symbol
signal
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PCT/EP2011/056652
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English (en)
Inventor
Xiao-ming CHEN
Peter Georg Baum
Michael Arnold
Ulrich Gries
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Thomson Licensing
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Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Licensing filed Critical Thomson Licensing
Priority to US13/697,089 priority Critical patent/US9147402B2/en
Priority to EP11716274.3A priority patent/EP2569766B1/fr
Publication of WO2011141292A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011141292A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
    • G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
    • G10L19/018—Audio watermarking, i.e. embedding inaudible data in the audio signal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for detecting which one of symbols of watermark data is embedded in a received signal, wherein following correlation with reference data sequences peak values in the correlation result are evaluated using false positive probability of wrong detection of the kind of symbol.
  • EP 2175443 Al discloses a statistical detector that is used for detecting watermark data within an audio signal. Multiple peaks in a correlation result values sequence of length N (resulting from a correlation of a reference sequence with a corresponding section of the received audio signal) are taken into account for improving the detection reliability.
  • the basic steps of this statistical detector are:
  • a non-recursive statistical detector could be used for the watermark detection but this would be inefficient and lead to difficulties for a large number of correlation result peaks .
  • Known statistical detectors are using a fixed number of correlation peaks.
  • the number of peaks to be considered should be selected adaptively. That is, for a high signal- to-noise ratio SNR a small M is sufficient for the detection, whereas a greater M may be necessary for a low-SNR signal. Therefore, using a number of peaks that is adaptive to the signal quality provides computational and technical advantages.
  • a problem to be solved by the invention is how to recursively and effectively evaluate the probability P (M) even for a large number M of correlation result peaks.
  • This prob- lem is solved by the method disclosed in claim 1.
  • An apparatus that utilises this method is disclosed in claim 2.
  • the total false positive probability of multiple peaks in a correlation result values sequence is evaluated by calculating the complementary probability in a recursive manner.
  • the complementary probability for a given number of peaks in turn can be calculated by using representative vectors identifying each individual probability.
  • the problem of recursive calculation of the complementary probabilities is solved by a recursive construction processing for the representative vectors.
  • the probability ( ) f° r - ⁇ +l correlation result peaks is evaluated as the P (k) f° r ⁇ peaks minus the probabilities P (i k+1) f° r cases identified by vectors in the repre ⁇ sentative vector set for k+1 peaks:
  • the complementary probability ⁇ + ⁇ f° r ⁇ +l peaks is calculated recursively from the complementary probability P ⁇ k) for k peaks plus all the probabilities represented by the representative vectors for k+1 peaks.
  • the representative vectors for k+1 peaks are constructed recursively from the representative vectors for k peaks.
  • the recursive evaluation of P (M) enables a statistical detector feature in which the number M of con- sidered peaks can be increased gradually and adaptively.
  • the recursive evaluation of P (M) minimises the computational complexity by re-using previously performed calculations .
  • the inventive method is suited for detecting which one of symbols of watermark data embedded in an origi ⁇ nal signal - by modifying sections of said original signal in relation to at least two different reference data se- quences - is present in a current section of a received ver ⁇ sion of the watermarked original signal, wherein said re ⁇ ceived watermarked original signal can include noise and/or echoes, said method including the steps:
  • the inventive apparatus is suited for detecting which one of symbols of watermark data embedded in an origi ⁇ nal signal - by modifying sections of said original signal in relation to at least two different reference data se- quences - is present in a current section of a received ver ⁇ sion of the watermarked original signal, wherein said re ⁇ ceived watermarked original signal can include noise and/or echoes, said apparatus including means being adapted for: correlating in each case said current section of said re- ceived watermarked signal with candidates of said reference data sequences; based on peak values in the correlation result values for said current signal section, detecting - using related values of false positive probability of detection of the kind of symbol - which one of the candidate symbols is present in said current signal section,
  • said false positive probability is calculated in said symbol detection means in a recursive manner, and wherein the total false positive probability for a given number of correlation result peak values is evaluated by us- ing initially the false positive probabilities for a number smaller than said given of correlation result peak values, and by increasing gradually the number of considered correlation result peak values according to the required detection reliability.
  • FIG. 1 block diagram of the inventive detector
  • FIG. 2 flow diagram of the inventive processing.
  • the inventive processing evaluates the probability P (M) from its complementary probability, i.e. the probability of less than M correlation values being greater than or equal to M peaks .
  • Vj_ For a specific correlation result peak value Vj_, the prob- ability of one correlation result value being greater than or equal to Vj_ - under the assumption that the candidate wa- termark does not exist - is denoted as pj_, which is the false positive probability in case the magnitude of value v is used as the threshold value to detect the candidate wa ⁇ termark symbol.
  • a vector ⁇ ) — a ' ⁇ l k ,a l k _ l ,...,a ll ) with non-negative integer elements is introduced to represent an allocation of correlation result values with respect to k peaks (denoted by superscript k) .
  • the set of all vectors belonging to k peaks is indexed by subscript i.
  • such a vec ⁇ tor is referred to as a representative vector.
  • Case k is used to denote the case where there are exactly k-1 values greater than or equal to k-1 peaks v k-l' ---' v l no value lies within interval i v k' v k-l ⁇ -
  • Cases 1 to f together correspond to the case that there are no more than k-1 values greater than or equal to k peaks v ⁇ , . . . , V]_ .
  • the complementary case for Cases 1 to f together is that there are if or more values greater than or equal to if peaks v_3 ⁇ 4-, . . . , V]_ .
  • Case 3 is disjoint to Case 2 and Case 1. More ⁇ over, Case 3 corresponds to a case where there are exactly two values greater than or equal to two peaks V2' v l and no value lies within interval [V2' v 2 ⁇ ⁇
  • Cases 1, 2 and 3 together correspond to a case where there are no more than two values greater than or equal to three peaks V3, V2 and V]_ .
  • the leading value ' 0 ' in indicates that there is no cor- relation value in the interval v k ⁇ > anc ⁇ adding a unit vector u (i) indicates that there are exactly k values greater than or equal to ⁇ - , . . . , V]_ .
  • the adding position corresponding to is which is included in the new posi ⁇ tion set L (i+1) .
  • the total probability P (k) can be calculated, which is the total prob ⁇ ability of the previous step k-1 minus the probability
  • a further speed-up of the calculation of the false positive probability can be obtained by storing the binomial coeffi- cients N ⁇ ⁇ a u
  • a received watermarked signal RWAS is re-sampled in a acquisition or receiving section step or stage 11, and thereafter may pass through a pre-processing step or stage 12 wherein a spectral shaping and/or whitening is carried out.
  • a symbol detection or decision step or stage 14 determines, according to the inventive processing described above, whether or not a corresponding watermark symbol DSYM is present.
  • the preliminarily determined watermark information bits of such symbols can be error corrected, resulting in a corrected detected watermark symbol DSYM.
  • a secret key was used to generate pseudo-random phases, from which related reference pattern bit sequences (also called symbols) were generated and used for watermarking the audio signal.
  • these pseudo-random phases are generated in the same way in a corresponding step or stage 15, based on the same secret key.
  • related candidate reference patterns or symbols REFP are generated in a refer ⁇ ence pattern generation step or stage 16 and are used in step/stage 13 for checking whether or not a related watermark symbol is present in the current signal section of the received audio signal.
  • Fig. 2 the inventive processing is depicted.
  • the maximum correlation result peak value for the current signal section is deter ⁇ mined, and a given number of peak values next in size - e.g. the five greatest peak values for each symbol i are deter ⁇ mined, e.g. by sorting.
  • Loop L2 runs over the symbols i and loop L3 runs over the correlation result peaks j.
  • the false positive prob ⁇ ability P (M) f° r a current peak is calculated in step 21 as explained in detail above.
  • P (M) f° r a current peak is calculated in step 21 as explained in detail above.
  • T m j_ n a threshold value
  • a second threshold value T max can be used in a step 25 for checking whether the minimum min ( falseProb_i ) of all false positive probability values over i is greater than the first threshold value T m j_ n but still smaller than a sec ⁇ ond threshold value T max greater than T m j_ n . If true, the corresponding symbol i is output in step 24. Otherwise, no symbol is detectable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
  • Complex Calculations (AREA)
  • Compression, Expansion, Code Conversion, And Decoders (AREA)

Abstract

La détection du symbole de filigrane requiert une mesure de détection pour déterminer au niveau du décodeur quel symbole candidat est incorporé dans le contenu du signal audio ou vidéo. L'invention concerne un traitement de mesure de détection amélioré qui permet une détection fiable de filigranes en présence de bruits et d'échos supplémentaires, qui s'adapte aux conditions de réception de signaux et qui requiert une puissance de calcul réduite. Ce résultat est obtenu en prenant en considération les informations contenues dans les échos du signal audio reçu dans la mesure de décision et en les comparant à la mesure correspondante obtenue en décodant un signal audio non marqué, sur la base d'un calcul récursif des taux de détection de faux positifs des crêtes dans les valeurs des résultats de corrélation. Le symbole de filigrane correspondant à la séquence de référence ayant l'erreur de faux positif la plus faible est sélectionné en tant que symbole incorporé.
PCT/EP2011/056652 2010-05-11 2011-04-27 Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter le symbole, parmi des symboles de données de filigrane, qui est incorporé dans un signal reçu WO2011141292A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/697,089 US9147402B2 (en) 2010-05-11 2011-04-27 Method and apparatus for detecting which one of symbols of watermark data is embedded in a received signal
EP11716274.3A EP2569766B1 (fr) 2010-05-11 2011-04-27 Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter le symbole, parmi des symboles de données de filigrane, qui est incorporé dans un signal reçu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10305501A EP2387033A1 (fr) 2010-05-11 2010-05-11 Procédé et appareil pour détecter lequel des symboles des données de filigrane est intégré dans un signal reçu
EP10305501.8 2010-05-11

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WO2011141292A1 true WO2011141292A1 (fr) 2011-11-17

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EP2680259A1 (fr) 2012-06-28 2014-01-01 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant d'activer un filigrane de flux binaire codé AC-3
EP2787504A1 (fr) 2013-04-02 2014-10-08 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer des symboles en filigrane dans un signal audio reçu qui peut contenir des échos, de la réverbération et/ou du bruit
EP2835799A1 (fr) 2013-08-08 2015-02-11 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter un symbole de filigrane dans une section d'une version reçue d'un signal audio filigrané
EP2930717A1 (fr) 2014-04-07 2015-10-14 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer dans un second dispositif à écran si la présentation de contenu audio filigrané reçu par l'intermédiaire d'un chemin acoustique à partir d'un premier dispositif à écran a été arrêtée
EP3001415A1 (fr) 2014-09-23 2016-03-30 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer si un symbole en filigrane spécifique à partir d'un ou de plusieurs symboles de filigranes candidats est incorporé dans une section présente d'un signal audio reçu
CN106601261A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-26 中国电信股份有限公司 基于数字水印的回声抑制方法和系统

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2680259A1 (fr) 2012-06-28 2014-01-01 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant d'activer un filigrane de flux binaire codé AC-3
EP2680261A1 (fr) 2012-06-28 2014-01-01 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil pour le filigranage d'un flux binaire codé AC-3
EP2787504A1 (fr) 2013-04-02 2014-10-08 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer des symboles en filigrane dans un signal audio reçu qui peut contenir des échos, de la réverbération et/ou du bruit
WO2014161785A1 (fr) 2013-04-02 2014-10-09 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil servant à déterminer les symboles de filigrane dans un signal audio reçu qui peut contenir échos, réverbération et/ou bruit
US9607623B2 (en) 2013-04-02 2017-03-28 Thomson Licensing Method and apparatus for determining watermark symbols in a received audio signal that can contain echoes, reverberation and/or noise
EP2835799A1 (fr) 2013-08-08 2015-02-11 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de détecter un symbole de filigrane dans une section d'une version reçue d'un signal audio filigrané
WO2015018668A1 (fr) * 2013-08-08 2015-02-12 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil pour détecter un symbole de tatouage numérique dans une section d'une version reçue d'un signal audio à tatouage numérique
EP2930717A1 (fr) 2014-04-07 2015-10-14 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer dans un second dispositif à écran si la présentation de contenu audio filigrané reçu par l'intermédiaire d'un chemin acoustique à partir d'un premier dispositif à écran a été arrêtée
EP3001415A1 (fr) 2014-09-23 2016-03-30 Thomson Licensing Procédé et appareil permettant de déterminer si un symbole en filigrane spécifique à partir d'un ou de plusieurs symboles de filigranes candidats est incorporé dans une section présente d'un signal audio reçu
CN106601261A (zh) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-26 中国电信股份有限公司 基于数字水印的回声抑制方法和系统

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US9147402B2 (en) 2015-09-29
EP2387033A1 (fr) 2011-11-16
EP2569766B1 (fr) 2015-10-14
EP2569766A1 (fr) 2013-03-20
US20130073065A1 (en) 2013-03-21

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