WO2011140813A1 - 在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents

在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法、装置及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011140813A1
WO2011140813A1 PCT/CN2010/080556 CN2010080556W WO2011140813A1 WO 2011140813 A1 WO2011140813 A1 WO 2011140813A1 CN 2010080556 W CN2010080556 W CN 2010080556W WO 2011140813 A1 WO2011140813 A1 WO 2011140813A1
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Prior art keywords
interface
standby
router
inbound
inbound interface
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PCT/CN2010/080556
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏勇
刘毅松
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP10851317.7A priority Critical patent/EP2571201B1/en
Publication of WO2011140813A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011140813A1/zh
Priority to US13/674,689 priority patent/US9313037B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00Data switching networks
    • H04L12/02Details
    • H04L12/16Arrangements for providing special services to substations
    • H04L12/18Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
    • H04L12/185Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/16Multipoint routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/22Alternate routing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/28Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks using route fault recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, a router, and a network system for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join. Background technique
  • IP multicast refers to sending a packet in the IP network in the form of Best Effort to a certain subset of nodes in the network. This subset is called a Multicast Group.
  • the basic idea of IP multicast is that the source host sends only one piece of data.
  • the destination address in this data is the multicast group address. All receivers in the multicast group can receive the same data copy.
  • the multicast traffic is forwarded along the established multicast forwarding path.
  • the routers on the forwarding path may need to forward the packets received from an inbound interface to the receiving site in each direction. Multiple outbound interfaces.
  • PIM Protocol Independent Multicast
  • the Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) protocol is the most widely used protocol for establishing a multicast forwarding path.
  • PIM Dual Join PIM Dual Join
  • the PIM Dual Join solution establishes two forwarding paths for forwarding multicast data by applying for the same multicast data stream from both directions. When one of the links fails, you can choose to receive multicast data from the standby multicast forwarding tree. .
  • the RPF (Reverse Path Forwarding) rule is a basic rule of multicast.
  • the multicast entry is considered to have only one upstream, that is, to the multicast source or the reverse path.
  • Outbound interface and next hop of the optimal unicast route The outbound interface is the RPF interface in the PIM protocol, and the next hop is the RPF neighbor in the PIM protocol.
  • the inventor has discovered that after the PIM Dual Join solution is proposed, a scenario in which the existing PIM protocol is undefined is added. That is, the PIM protocol entry has two inbound interfaces, which are respectively called the primary ingress interface and the alternate inbound interface.
  • the behavior of the active ingress interface has been defined in detail in the existing protocol, but the alternate inbound interface has its own uniqueness. It has both the attributes of the inbound interface and the outbound interface. For its forwarding and protocol behavior. Currently not defined. In this way, it is not conducive to compatibility between various manufacturers, and the limitation of the network topology to the application of the PIM protocol is increased. Summary of the invention
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a router, and a network system for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join, which supplements a method for forwarding data of a standby inbound interface in a PIM protocol under protocol-independent multicast double join.
  • a network system for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join which supplements a method for forwarding data of a standby inbound interface in a PIM protocol under protocol-independent multicast double join.
  • a method for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join wherein the router includes a primary inbound interface and a standby inbound interface, and the method includes:
  • the router forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to the primary ingress interface in the join state;
  • the router When the primary ingress interface is unavailable, the router sends the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to all interfaces that have joined the state before selecting a new primary ingress interface and/or a standby inbound interface. Forwarding or forwarding to all interfaces including the join state except the standby inbound interface.
  • a router applied to forward data under protocol-independent multicast double join including a primary ingress interface and an alternate inbound interface.
  • the router forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to the primary ingress interface in the join state;
  • the router When the primary ingress interface is unavailable, the router sends the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to all interfaces that have joined the state before selecting a new primary ingress interface and/or a standby inbound interface. Forwarding or including other than the standby inbound interface There is an interface forwarding with a join status.
  • a network system for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join comprising a plurality of router connections, each router includes a primary inbound interface and a standby inbound interface, and the standby inbound interface is used to When the primary inbound interface is available, the router forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to the primary inbound interface in the join state; when the primary ingress interface is unavailable, the new master is selected. Before using the inbound interface and/or the standby inbound interface, the router forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to all interfaces that have joined the state or joins all existing interfaces except the standby inbound interface. State interface forwarding;
  • the primary inbound interface is configured to: when the primary ingress interface is available, the router adds the multicast data received from the primary ingress interface to all existing presence interface interfaces that do not include the primary ingress interface. Forward.
  • the method, the router and the network system for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplement the method for forwarding data of the standby inbound interface in the PIM protocol under the protocol-independent multicast double join, filling the blank It helps each manufacturer to achieve compatibility and reduce the restrictions on the application of the PIM protocol by the network topology.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a method for forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram 1 of a network structure used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram 2 of a network structure used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a router according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram 3 of a network structure used in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the router includes a primary inbound interface and a standby inbound interface, and the method steps are as shown in FIG. 1 , including :
  • the router forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to the primary ingress interface in the joined state.
  • the router forwards or receives the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface to all interfaces that have joined the state before selecting the new primary ingress interface and/or the standby inbound interface. All other interfaces except the standby inbound interface are forwarded.
  • the method for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplements the method for forwarding data of the standby inbound interface in the PIM protocol under the protocol-independent multicast double join, which fills the gap and helps each The manufacturer is compatible, reducing the restrictions on the application of the PIM protocol by the network topology.
  • a method for forwarding data in the case of protocol-independent multicast double join is described by taking a widely used ring network topology in the network as an example.
  • router A is connected to a multicast source.
  • Routers B, C, D, E, and F are connected to users Rb, Rc, Rd, Re, and Rf respectively.
  • PIM-SM Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode
  • IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol
  • PIM-Specific Multicast Protocol-Specific Multicast
  • , and F connected to the user sends a data stream of the multicast source to the pim (S, G) join to the two parties when the user (S, G) joins. .
  • Router B sends pim (S, G) join to Routers A and C
  • Router C sends pim (S, G) join to Router B and Router D.
  • the (S, G) entries on the routers B, C, D, E, and F have two inbound and one inbound interfaces:
  • the primary inbound interface of Router B faces Router A, and the standby inbound interface faces Router C.
  • the primary inbound interface of Router C faces Router B, and the standby Inbound interface faces Router D.
  • the primary inbound interface of Router D faces Router C and the standby Inbound interface.
  • the primary inbound interface of router E faces router F, and the standby inbound interface faces router D.
  • the primary ingress interface of router F faces router A, and the standby inbound interface faces router E.
  • two circular flows rooted at the multicast source are formed, that is, A->B->C->D->E->F and A->F -> E -> D -> C- >B.
  • the forwarding method provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to the forwarding of the (S, G) traffic on the routers B, C, D, E, and F.
  • Router C Take Router C as an example, as follows: a) When the primary inbound interface of Router C is available (UP), when Router C receives the multicast data stream sent by Router B from the primary inbound interface, it will not include All the existing active inbound interfaces of the own active join interface forward data. That is, the interface toward the router D and the interface connected to the user Rc forward the multicast stream. For Router C, all the interfaces that have joined the state are: the interface facing Router D, the interface facing Router B, and the interface connecting User Rc. The main active inbound interface is: The interface facing Router B.
  • Router C receives the multicast data stream forwarded by Router D from the standby inbound interface and forwards it to the primary ingress interface with the join status. That is, the multicast stream is forwarded to the interface of B.
  • the primary inbound interface is the interface facing B, and the interface facing B has a join state.
  • router C selects a new primary ingress interface for (S, G), or after the primary ingress interface and the alternate inbound interface, in this embodiment, after selecting a new primary ingress interface, Forward according to the behavior in a) and b) above.
  • the embodiment is exemplified by a specified source, and is also applicable to a non-designated source.
  • the router receives the join of the user as (*, G), and sends the data stream of the multicast source to the pim (*, G) join in both directions.
  • the rest of the forwarding rules are the same as the above embodiment. The same, no longer repeat them.
  • the method for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplements the method for forwarding data of the standby inbound interface in the PIM protocol under the protocol-independent multicast double join, which fills the gap and helps each The manufacturer is compatible, reducing the restrictions on the application of the PIM protocol by the network topology.
  • Router A is connected to the multicast source
  • Router C is connected to User E
  • Router F is connected to the shared network segment between Routers C and D.
  • Router C sends pim (*, G) or (S, G) from the active and standby paths to the multicast source.
  • E0/0/0 of Router C is the primary inbound interface
  • E0/. 0/1 is the standby inbound interface.
  • the upstream router of router F is router C, and router F sends pim (*, G) or (S, G) to router C.
  • both Router C and Router D will forward multicast data to the shared network segment between them.
  • the network segment where Router C is connected to E0/0/1 will be asserted.
  • the standby interface E0/0/1 does not participate in the selection of the assert winner, and does not trigger the assertion of the message. That is, when E0/0/1 of Router C receives the multicast data, it is derived from the extended couldAssert(*, G, I) or CanAssert(S, G, I) protocol state machine, E0/0/1 Without the qualification of assert, the assert message will not be triggered.
  • the assert message is triggered, and the assert state is switched to the assertion winner (asser Winner).
  • Router C's standby inbound interface E0/0/1 sets the assertion state to the assert loser ( ⁇ loser), ⁇ /0/1 will be removed from the outbound interface list of router C, and router C stops to E0/ The 0/1 interface forwards traffic.
  • the alternate inbound interface EO/0/1 of Router C records the selected assert winner, and the corresponding protocol is AssertTrackingDesired(S, G, I) and AssertTrackingDesired(*, G, I).
  • the router D on the C-D network segment forwards traffic to the router C.
  • This traffic is used as the backup traffic of the router C and also forwarded to the router F.
  • the extended state machine is:
  • RPF BACKUP—interface(S): The alternate incoming interface to the multicast source
  • RPF BACKUP—interface(RP(G)): The alternate inbound interface to the aggregation point.
  • the method for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention further complements the related behavior method of the standby interface assertion in the PIM protocol, fills the gap here, and helps each manufacturer to achieve compatibility and reduce The limitation of the network topology to the application of the PIM protocol.
  • the router 40 for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join includes a primary ingress interface 402 and a backup inbound interface 401. As shown in FIG. 4, when the primary ingress interface 402 is available, the router 40 Forwarding the multicast data received from the backup inbound interface 401 to the primary ingress interface 402 in the presence join state;
  • the router 40 will forward the received multicast data from the alternate inbound interface 401 to all interfaces that have joined the state before selecting the new primary ingress interface 402 and/or the alternate inbound interface 401. Or forwarding to all interfaces including the join state except the standby in interface 401.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to forwarding data under protocol-independent multicast double join.
  • the router supplements the method of forwarding data in the PIM protocol in the case of the protocol-independent multicast double join, which fills the gaps in this way, helps the various vendors to achieve compatibility, and reduces the limitation of the network topology to the PIM protocol application.
  • the router 40 forwards the multicast data received from the primary ingress interface 402 to all presence status interfaces that do not include its own primary inbound interface 402.
  • the standby ingress interface 401 of the router 40 does not participate in asserting the winner's election, and sets the assertion state to the assertion loser, the standby inbound interface 401 from the router 40. Deleted from the outbound interface list.
  • the alternate ingress interface 401 of the router 40 is also used to record the selected assertion winners. Moreover, when the assertion winner recorded by the standby inbound interface 401 of the router 40 times out, the asserted state of the standby inbound interface 401 is restored to the initial state, and the standby inbound interface 401 is added to the outbound interface list of the router 40.
  • the router for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplements the related behavior method when the standby interface is asserted in the PIM protocol, and fills the gap here, which is beneficial to each manufacturer to achieve compatibility. Reduce the restrictions on the application of the PIM protocol by the network topology.
  • the network system for forwarding data under the protocol-independent multicast double join provided by the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a plurality of routers 40 connected as shown in FIG. 5, and each router 40 includes a primary ingress interface 402 and an alternate input. Interface 401,
  • the backup inbound interface 401 is configured to: when the primary ingress interface 402 is available, the router 40 forwards the multicast data received from the standby inbound interface 401 to the primary ingress interface 402 in the presence join state; when the primary ingress interface 402 is unavailable, Before selecting the new primary ingress interface 402 and/or the standby inbound interface 401, the router 40 forwards the multicast data received from the alternate inbound interface 401 to all interfaces that have joined the state or includes, in addition to the alternate inbound interface 401. All other interfaces that have join status are forwarded.
  • the primary inbound interface 402 is configured to forward, when the primary ingress interface 402 is available, the multicast data received from the primary ingress interface 402 to all presence join state interfaces that do not include its own active inbound interface 402.
  • the network system provided by the embodiment of the present invention supplements the method for forwarding data of the standby inbound interface in the PIM protocol under protocol-independent multicast double join, which fills the gap here and helps Compatible with various manufacturers, reducing the restrictions on the application of PIM protocol by network topology.
  • the standby inbound interface 401 is further configured to: when the network segment where the standby inbound interface 401 is located, the standby inbound interface 401 does not participate in asserting the winner's selection, and sets the assertion state to the assertion loser, the standby The inbound interface 401 is deleted from the outbound interface list of the router 40; and the selected assertion winner is recorded.

Description

在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法、 装置及系统 本申请要求于 2010 年 05 月 11 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201010168544.0、 发明名称为 "在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方 法、 装置及系统" 的中国专利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在 本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及通信领域, 尤其涉及一种在协议无关组播双重加入下转发 数据的方法、 路由器及网络系统。 背景技术
IP 组播是指在 IP 网络中将数据包以尽力传送(Best Effort ) 的形 式发送到网络中的某个确定节点子集, 这个子集称为组播组( Multicast Group ) 。 IP 组播的基本思想是, 源主机只发送一份数据, 这份数据 中的目的地址为组播组地址, 组播组中的所有接收者都可接收到同样 的数据拷贝。
组播流量会沿着已经建立的组播转发路径进行转发, 转发路径上 的路由器为了将组播报文传送到各个方位的接收站点, 可能需要将从 一个入接口接收到的才艮文转发到多个出接口 。 PIM ( Protocol Independent Multicast, 协议无关组播) 协议是用于建立组播转发路径 协议中应用最为广泛的协议。
现代的网络业务对实时性的要求越来越高, 当链路发生故障时, 组播业务也需要减少丟失的组播数据^艮文。 PIM Dual Join ( PIM双重 加入) 技术就是用于解决组播转发路径上, 网络链路故障时, 组播业 务能够快速收敛的问题。 PIM Dual Join方案通过从两个方向同时申请 同一份组播数据流, 建立两条转发组播数据的转发路径, 当其中一条 链路故障时, 可以选择从备用组播转发树上接收组播数据。
现有的组播 PIM协议中, RPF ( Reverse Path Forwarding, 反向路 径转发) 规则作为组播的一个基本规则, 认为组播表项仅存在一个上 游, 即为到组播源或者反向路径的最优单播路由的出接口和下一跳, 出接口为 PIM协议中的 RPF接口, 下一跳为 PIM协议中的 RPF邻居。 对此, 发明人发现, PIM Dual Join方案提出后, 增加了一种现有 PIM 协议未定义的场景, 即 PIM协议表项存在两个入接口, 分别称为主用入 接口和备用入接口, 主用入接口的行为在已有协议中已经详细定义, 但 是备用入接口具有其独有的特殊性, 它既具有入接口的属性, 同时也可 以作为出接口存在, 对于它的转发、 协议行为目前没有定义。 这样, 不 利于各个厂家实现兼容, 增加了网络拓朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的 方法、 路由器及网络系统, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在协议无关 组播双重加入下转发数据的方法, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网 络拓朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例釆用如下技术方案:
一种在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法, 其中在所述协 议无关组播双重加入下, 路由器包括主用入接口和备用入接口, 所述 方法包括:
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收 到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转发;
当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发。
一种应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的路由器, 包括 主用入接口和备用入接口,
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收 到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转发;
当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发。
一种应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的网络系统, 由 多个路由器连接构成, 每个路由器都包括主用入接口和备用入接口, 所述备用入接口, 用于当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将 从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转 发; 当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发;
所述主用入接口, 用于当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将 从所述主用入接口接收到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口的所有 存在加入状态接口转发。
本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法、 路由器及网络系统, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在协议无关组播双重 加入下转发数据的方法, 填补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
附图说明 图 1 为本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据 的方法才11图;
图 2为本发明实施例所用的网络结构示意图一;
图 3为本发明实施例所用的网络结构示意图二;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的路由器的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例所用的网络结构示意图三。
具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案 进行清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实 施例, 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术 人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本 发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方 法, 其中在协议无关组播双重加入下, 路由器包括主用入接口和备用 入接口, 其方法步骤如图 1所示, 包括:
5101、 当主用入接口可用时, 路由器将从备用入接口接收到的组 播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转发。
5102、 当主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备 用入接口之前, 路由器将从备用入接口将接收到的组播数据向所有存 在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除该备用入接口外的其他所有存在 加入状态的接口转发。
本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方 法, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数 据的方法, 填补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓 朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
本发明另一实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的 方法, 以网络中应用较为广泛的环网拓朴为例进行说明, 如图 2所示, 路由器 A与组播源相连, 路由器 B、 C、 D、 E、 F分别于用户 Rb、 Rc、 Rd、 Re、 Rf相连, 网络中的路由器所有接口均使能 PIM-SM ( Protocol Independent Multicast- Sparse Mode , 协议无关组播 -稀松模式) 或 PIM-SSM ( Protocol Independent Multicast- Source-Specific Multicast, 协议无关组播-特定源组播) , 与用户相连的接口使能 IGMP ( Internet Group Management Protocol, 互联网组管理协议 ) 。
每个与用户相连的路由器 B、 C、 D、 E|、 F , 当收到用户(S,G)加 入时, 均向两个方面发送 pim (S,G)join申请组播源的数据流。
例如, 路由器 B向路由器 A和 C发送 pim (S,G)join, 路由器 C向 路由器 B和路由器 D发送 pim (S,G)join。 依此类推, 路由器 B、 C、 D、 E、 F设备上的(S,G)表项均存在主备两个入接口:
路由器 B的主用入接口朝向路由器 A,备用入接口朝向路由器 C; 路由器 C的主用入接口朝向路由器 B ,备用入接口朝向路由器 D; 路由器 D的主用入接口朝向路由器 C , 备用入接口朝向路由器 E; 路由器 E的主用入接口朝向路由器 F , 备用入接口朝向路由器 D; 路由器 F的主用入接口朝向路由器 A, 备用入接口朝向路由器 E。 初始情况下, 会形成以组播源为根的两个环形流量, 即 A->B->C->D->E->F和 A -〉 F -〉 E -〉 D -〉 C->B。
此时, 对于路由器 B、 C、 D、 E、 F 设备上的(S,G)流量的转发将 可以应用本发明实施例提供的转发方法。 以路由器 C为例, 具体如下: a ) 当路由器 C的主用入接口可用 (UP ) 时, 当路由器 C从主用 入接口收到路由器 B发送的组播数据流时, 将会向不包括自身主用入 接口的所有存在加入状态接口转发数据。 即, 朝向路由器 D的接口和 连接用户 Rc的接口, 转发组播流。 对于路由器 C来说, 所有存在加入 状态接口为: 朝向路由器 D的接口 、 朝向路由器 B的接口和连接用户 Rc的接口; 自身主用入接口为: 朝向路由器 B的接口。
b ) 当路由器 C的主用入接口可用 (UP ) 时, 路由器 C从备用入 接口收到路由器 D转发的组播数据流, 将会向存在加入状态的主用入 接口转发。 即, 朝向 B的接口, 转发组播流。 对于路由器 C来说, 主 用入接口为, 朝向 B的接口, 且朝向 B的接口存在加入状态。
c )当路由器 B和路由器 C之间的链路出现故障时, 对于路由器 B 而言是备用入接口不可用 (DOWN ) , 对用户业务没有影响, 设备仅 需再次选择一条备用路由。
d )当路由器 B和路由器 C之间的链路出现故障时, 对于路由器 C 而言是主用入接口不可用 (DOWN ) , 在为路由器(S,G)表项选择出新 的主用入接口, 或者, 主用入接口和备用入接口之前, (S,G)将会使用 备用入接口发送的流量, 此时的转发行为为: 备用入接口将接收到的 数据向包括该备用入接口在内的所有存在加入状态的接口转发。 即: 朝向路由器 D的接口和朝向用户 Rc的接口, 转发组播流量。 这样, 备 用入接口向用户 Rc转发数据减少了链路故障对用户的干扰; 向路由器 D转发数据, 可以保证路由器0、 E、 F流量的稳定。
e ) 当路由器 C 为(S,G)选择出新的主用入接口, 或者, 主用入接 口和备用入接口之后, 在本实施例中是选出新的主用入接口之后, 将 会按照上述 a)和 b)中的行为进行转发。
B-C之间发生故障后, 只存在 A->B和 A->F->E->D->C这两个流 量。
在此, 本实施例是以指定源为例的, 同样也适用于非指定源的
PIM-SM 场景, 此时, 路由器收到用户的加入为(*,G) , 向两个方向发 送 pim (*,G)join申请组播源的数据流, 其余转发规则方法均与上述实 施例相同, 不再赘述。
本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方 法, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数 据的方法, 填补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓 朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
本发明又一实施例提供的 PIM协议中备用入接口的行为方法, 以
PIM-SM SPT或 PIM-SM RPT或 PIM-SSM的备用入接口断言 ( assert ) 场景为例, 进行说明。
如图 3所示, 路由器 A与组播源相连, 路由器 C与用户 E相连, 路由器 F与路由器 C和 D之间的共享网段相连。
用户 E发送 igmp (*,G)或者(S,G)加入到路由器 C。
路由器 C为保证可靠性, 从主备两条路径朝组播源发送 pim (*,G) 或(S,G)加入, 图中路由器 C的 E0/0/0为主用入接口, E0/0/1为备用入 接口。
路由器 F的上游路由器为路由器 C,路由器 F向路由器 C发送 pim (*,G)或(S,G)加入。
这样, 路由器 C和路由器 D均会往它们之间的共享网段转发组播 数据, 路由器 C接口 E0/0/1所在网段会发生断言 (assert ) 。 此时, 备 用入接口 E0/0/1不参与断言优胜者( assert winner ) 的竟选, 不触发断 言 (assert )报文。 即, 路由器 C的 E0/0/1接收到到组播数据时, 由扩 展后的 CouldAssert(*,G,I)或者 CouldAssert(S,G,I)协议状态机得出, E0/0/1不具备 assert的资格, 不会触发 assert报文。路由器 D的出接口 收到组播数据时, 触发 assert报文, 且 assert状态切换为断言优胜者 ( assert Winner ) 。
路由器 C的备用入接口 E0/0/1将断言( assert )状态设为断言失败 者( assert loser ) , ΕΟ/0/1将会从路由器 C的出接口列表中删除, 路由 器 C停止向 E0/0/1接口转发流量。 路由器 C 的备用入接口 EO/0/1 记录竟选出的断言优胜者 (assert winner ) , 对应的协议 ^态机为 AssertTrackingDesired(S,G,I)和 AssertTrackingDesired(*,G,I)。
由此, C-D网段只存在路由器 D向路由器 C转发流量, 此流量既 作为路由器 C的备份流量, 同时也转发给路由器 F。
进一步地, 如果 D发生故障, C的备用入接口记录的断言优胜者 将会超时, 那么 C 的备用入接口的断言状态将会恢复为初始状态, E0/0/1将会添加到 C主用入接口的出接口列表中, 继续为路由器 F转 发流量。
对应的, 扩展后的状态机为:
AssertTrackingDesired(S,G,I) =
(I in ( ( joins(*,*,RP(G)) (+) joins(*,G) (-) prune s(S,G,rpt) )
(+) ( pim_include(*,G) (-) pim_exclude(S,G) ) (-) lost_assert(*,G)
(+) joms(S,G) ) )
OR (local— receiver— include(S,G,I) == TRUE
AND (I am DR(I) OR (AssertWinner(S,G,I) == me)》 OR (((RPF interface(S) == I) OR (RPF BACKUP— interface (S) == I) )
AND (JoinDesired(S,G) == TRUE))
OR ((RPF_interface(RP(G)) == I) AND (JoinDesired(*,G)
== TRUE)
AND (SPTbit(S,G) == FALSE))
CouldAssert(S,G,I) =
SPTbit(S,G)==TRUE
AND (RPF interface(S) != I) AND (RPF BACKUP—
interface (S) != I)
AND (I in ( ( joins(*,*,RP(G)) (+) joins(*,G) (-) prune s(S,G,rpt) )
(+) ( pim_include(*,G) (-) pim_exclude(S,G) ) (-) lost_assert(*,G) (+) joins(S,G) (+) pim_include(S,G) ) )
CouldAssert(*,G,I) =
( I in ( joins(*,*,RP(G)) (+) joins(*,G)
(+) pim_include( * , G)) )
AND (RPF— interface(RP(G》!= I) AND (RPF BACKUP interface (RP(G)) != I)
AssertTrackingDesired(*,G,I) =
CouldAssert(*,G,I)
OR (local— receiver— include(*,G,I)==TRUE
AND (I am DR(I) OR Assert Winner(*,G,I) == me)) OR ((RPF— interface(RP(G》 = I OR (RPF BACKUP— interface (S) == I))
AND RPTJoinDesired(G))
其中:
RPF— BACKUP— interface(S): 到组播源的备用入接口;
RPF— BACKUP— interface(RP(G)): 到汇聚点的备用入接口。
本发明实施例提供的在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方 法, 进一步补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口断言时的相关行为方法, 填 补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓朴对 PIM协议 应用的限制。
本发明实施例提供的应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据 的路由器 40 , 包括主用入接口 402和备用入接口 401 , 如图 4所示, 当主用入接口 402可用时, 路由器 40将从备用入接口 401接收到 的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口 402转发;
当主用入接口 402不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口 402和 /或 备用入接口 401之前, 路由器 40将从备用入接口 401将接收到的组播 数据向所有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除该备用入接口 401 外的其他所有存在加入状态的接口转发。
本发明实施例提供的应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据 的路由器, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在协议无关组播双重加入下 转发数据的方法, 填补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少 网络拓朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
进一步地, 当主用入接口 402可用时, 路由器 40将从该主用入接 口 402接收到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口 402的所有存在加 入状态接口转发。
此外, 当备用入接口 401所在网段发生断言时, 该路由器 40的备 用入接口 401 不参与断言优胜者的竟选, 并将断言状态设为断言失败 者, 该备用入接口 401从路由器 40的出接口列表中删除。
该路由器 40的备用入接口 401 ,还用于记录竟选出的断言优胜者。 再有, 当该路由器 40的备用入接口 401所记录的断言优胜者超时 时, 该备用入接口 401的断言状态恢复为初始状态, 路由器 40的出接 口列表中添加该备用入接口 401。
本发明实施例提供的应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据 的路由器, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口断言时的相关行为方法, 填 补了此处空白, 有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓朴对 PIM协议 应用的限制。
本发明实施例提供的应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据 的网络系统, 如图 5所示, 由多个路由器 40连接构成, 每个路由器 40 都包括主用入接口 402和备用入接口 401 ,
备用入接口 401 , 用于当主用入接口 402可用时, 路由器 40将从 备用入接口 401 接收到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口 402 转发; 当主用入接口 402不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口 402和 / 或备用入接口 401之前, 路由器 40将从该备用入接口 401接收到的组 播数据向所有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除该备用入接口 401外的其他所有存在加入状态的接口转发。
主用入接口 402 , 用于当主用入接口 402可用时, 路由器 40将从 该主用入接口 402接收到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口 402的 所有存在加入状态接口转发。
本发明实施例提供的网络系统, 补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口在 协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法, 填补了此处空白, 有助于 各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓朴对 PIM协议应用的限制。
进一步地,备用入接口 401 ,还用于当该备用入接口 401所在网段 发生断言时, 该备用入接口 401 不参与断言优胜者的竟选, 并将断言 状态设为断言失败者, 该备用入接口 401从路由器 40的出接口列表中 删除; 并记录竟选出的断言优胜者。
由此, 进一步补充了 PIM协议中备用入接口断言时的相关行为方 法, 填补了此处空白,有助于各个厂家实现兼容, 减少网络拓朴对 PIM 协议应用的限制。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解: 实现上述方法实施例的全部或部分 步骤可以通过程序指令相关的硬件来完成, 前述的程序可以存储于一计 算机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 执行包括上述方法实施例的 步骤; 而前述的存储介质包括: ROM、 RAM, 磁碟或者光盘等各种可以 存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不 局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本 发明的保护范围应所述以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法, 其中在所述 协议无关组播双重加入下, 路由器包括主用入接口和备用入接口, 其 特征在于, 所述方法包括:
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收 到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转发;
当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述主用入接口接收 到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口的所有存在加入状态接口转 发。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括: 当所述备用入接口所在网段发生断言时, 所述备用入接口不参与 断言优胜者的竟选, 并将断言状态设为断言失败者, 所述备用入接口 从所述路由器的出接口列表中删除。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
所述备用入接口记录竟选出的断言优胜者。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的方法, 其特征在于, 还包括:
当所述备用入接口记录的所述断言优胜者超时时, 将所述备用入 接口的断言状态恢复为初始状态, 并在所述路由器的出接口列表中添 加所述备用入接口。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述主用入接口和 备用入接口使能协议无关组播-稀松模式或协议无关组播-特定源组播。
7、 一种应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的路由器, 包 括主用入接口和备用入接口, 其特征在于,
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收 到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转发;
当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的路由器, 其特征在于,
当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将从所述主用入接口接收 到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口的所有存在加入状态接口转 发。
9、 根据权利要求 7或 8所述的路由器, 其特征在于,
当所述备用入接口所在网段发生断言时, 所述路由器的备用入接 口不参与断言优胜者的竟选, 并将断言状态设为断言失败者, 所述备 用入接口从所述路由器的出接口列表中删除。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的路由器, 其特征在于,
所述路由器的备用入接口, 还用于记录竟选出的断言优胜者。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的路由器, 其特征在于,
当所述路由器的备用入接口记录的所述断言优胜者超时时, 所述 备用入接口的断言状态恢复为初始状态, 所述路由器的出接口列表中 添加所述备用入接口。
12、 一种应用于在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的网络系统, 由多个路由器连接构成, 每个路由器都包括主用入接口和备用入接口 , 其特征在于,
所述备用入接口, 用于当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将 从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向存在加入状态的主用入接口转 发; 当所述主用入接口不可用时, 在选择出新的主用入接口和 /或备用 入接口之前, 所述路由器将从所述备用入接口接收到的组播数据向所 有存在加入状态的接口转发或者向包括除所述备用入接口外的其他所 有存在加入状态的接口转发;
所述主用入接口, 用于当所述主用入接口可用时, 所述路由器将 从所述主用入接口接收到的组播数据向不包括自身主用入接口的所有 存在加入状态接口转发。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的网络系统, 其特征在于,
所述备用入接口, 还用于当所述备用入接口所在网段发生断言时, 所述备用入接口不参与断言优胜者的竟选, 并将断言状态设为断言失败 者, 所述备用入接口从所述路由器的出接口列表中删除; 记录竟选出的 断言优胜者。
PCT/CN2010/080556 2010-05-11 2010-12-31 在协议无关组播双重加入下转发数据的方法、装置及系统 WO2011140813A1 (zh)

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US9313037B2 (en) 2016-04-12
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