WO2011135136A1 - Device for stimulating the nervous system using a static magnetic field and use of such a device - Google Patents

Device for stimulating the nervous system using a static magnetic field and use of such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011135136A1
WO2011135136A1 PCT/ES2011/070290 ES2011070290W WO2011135136A1 WO 2011135136 A1 WO2011135136 A1 WO 2011135136A1 ES 2011070290 W ES2011070290 W ES 2011070290W WO 2011135136 A1 WO2011135136 A1 WO 2011135136A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
nervous system
magnetic field
stimulation
static magnetic
magnets
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PCT/ES2011/070290
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antonio Oliviero
Juan De Los Reyes Aguilar Lepe
Guglielmo Foffani
Laura Mordillo Mateos
Original Assignee
Fundación Hospital Nacional De Parapléjicos
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Publication of WO2011135136A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011135136A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
    • A61N2/004—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy
    • A61N2/006—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
    • A61N2/06—Magnetotherapy using magnetic fields produced by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention can be included in the field of electrotherapy and magnetotherapy.
  • the object of the invention consists of a central nervous system stimulation device by static magnetic field.
  • Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation involves the application of static magnetic fields to modulate neuronal activity in the brain.
  • the static magnetic fields applied range from 0.125 to 15 Tesla.
  • Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field has been described as a technique to generate prolonged modifications of the excitability and activity of the cerebral cortex. It can be used to treat epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, sleep disorders, insomnia, anxiety, fibromyalgia and other pathologies.
  • Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field can be used to improve rehabilitation after brain injury, stroke and spinal cord injury.
  • Central nervous system stimulation can be obtained non-invasively by placing at least one magnet externally to the head, obtaining transcranial stimulation.
  • Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field consists of placing at least one magnet in contact with the scalp of a subject.
  • the location of the magnet can be critical for the success of the treatment through such stimulation.
  • the magnet may limit the subject's opportunity to participate in normal activities during treatment.
  • the magnet can limit the doctor's opportunity to control the duration of treatment if patients have to put the magnet at home.
  • the magnet can limit the opportunity to apply stimulation, only when necessary.
  • Many neurological and psychiatric pathologies are characterized by a generalized or focal increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or spinal level (for example epilepsy, migraine, dystonia, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, fibromyalgia, spasticity, sleep disorders, insomnia, etc.). It should also be noted that some diseases that are not characterized by an increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or spinal level benefit from a temporary increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or generalized spinal level or focal (for example depression, stroke, spinal cord injury, etc). In all these clinical conditions a generalized or focal decrease in the excitability of the central nervous system is beneficial.
  • the present invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks by describing a device for the stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field.
  • the invention can be used for both animals and humans.
  • a device is described. of non-invasive transcranial stimulation, while in another preferred embodiment of the invention an intracranial invasive stimulation device is described.
  • the device of the invention comprises at least one magnet disposed on one or several supports adaptable to the head or part of a user's head. Examples of supports can be, among others, a helmet or a hat.
  • the supports may optionally be associated with a chin strap to facilitate close interaction between the magnet or the magnets and the patient's scalp, as well as said supports may have a substantially rigid outer shell or a flexible outer part or include a mesh portion or openings.
  • Magnets are preferred, but not necessarily permanent magnets. Such magnets are useful for the purposes of the invention when the intensity of the static magnetic field they produce is between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
  • the magnets are cylindrical, although the invention contemplates different shapes for the magnets, including but not limited to: cubes, spheres, parallelepipeds, pyramids, hemispheres, rings, etc.
  • the support may comprise one or more slip adjustment bands associated with the inner or outer surface of said support, each of bands with at least one magnet attached.
  • the slip adjustment band or bands can be continuously movable or have a plurality of selection positions.
  • the support can be customized based on the anatomofunctional characteristics of the user, said anatomofunctional characteristics being able to be obtained with neuroimaging or neurophysiology techniques, particularly, by way of non-limiting example: Electroncephalography (EEG), Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Magnetic Resonance, Functional Magnetic Resonance, Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), SPECT, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Evoked Potentials
  • the device can incorporate - although not indispensable - means of distancing to zoom in or out of the magnets to the scalp. With the removal or approach of these magnets to the scalp it is possible to modulate the intensity of the magnetic field that acts on the user to regulate the stimulation on the cerebral cortex.
  • the distancing means act independently on each of the magnets. It is preferred that the distancing means allow the position of the magnets to be regulated both continuously, but it is also possible to adjust according to positions that determine pre-established distances between the magnets and the scalp.
  • the position of the magnets, once determined, can be constant or variable. If the position is variable, it can vary according to specific patterns or waveforms. The duration in which the magnet is each of the positions and the time interval between the successive applications of the current can be selected and varied.
  • the distancing means are regulated based on biological signals, in particular, Electroncephalography (EEG) or Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS).
  • the distancing means are regulated based on commands given by the subject / patient or by the doctor / caregiver.
  • the invention contemplates the optional possibility of including a power supply that feeds the distancing means.
  • the power supply of the distancing means may comprise batteries.
  • the invention includes an interface of portable control to remotely activate the distancing means.
  • the control interface can be wireless or Web controlled.
  • the control interface and a microprocessor that may be associated with it can be configured to provide transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field presenting a variable distance from the scalp.
  • the position of the magnet can be set and selected to achieve certain therapeutic or research objectives, as explained above.
  • the invention provides for the inclusion of means for fixing the magnets to the support.
  • the fixing means are releasable.
  • the fixing means can be hooks, tongues, clasps, to fix the magnets with respect to both the inner surface and the outer surface of the support.
  • any of the magnets can be composed of separate structures to increase the static magnetic field of stimulation.
  • the surface area of each magnet in contact with the scalp is between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 .
  • the surface of the magnet in contact with the scalp may comprise separate structures to provide greater contact with the patient's scalp.
  • the surface of the magnet in contact with the support may comprise separate structures to provide greater contact with the same support.
  • Such structures may include but are not limited to bumps, wrinkles, hairs or teeth.
  • the device of the invention allows to precisely define the distance between the magnets and the scalp, as well as allows the user freedom to participate in normal activities during the treatment and to administer the treatment on a scheduled basis when necessary.
  • EEG electroencephalography
  • NIRS near infrared spectroscopy
  • the opportunity to control the application of transcranial stimulation by means of static magnetic field activated directly by the user is not limited by the invention.
  • the device of the invention can be used for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases, including but not limited to: epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, sleep disorders, insomnia , anxiety and fibromyalgia.
  • the device of the invention can also be used in rehabilitation in diseases of the central nervous system, such as, among others, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Multiple Sclerosis.
  • a device for transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field of the nervous system in an invasive manner, which comprises: - at least one magnet for applying a static magnetic field on the central nervous system, where the magnet is located in a position selected from: subcutaneous; in a cranial teak bone; on the inner face of a cranial teak bone; and intracerebral;
  • a support adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support and fix the magnets at a distance from the central nervous system of the Username;
  • the magnets can be permanent, as well as they can have an active surface on the user's tissues between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 .
  • the magnets can also have a shape selected from any of: cylinder, cube, sphere, hemisphere, parallelepiped, pyramid, and ring, among others.
  • the magnets are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
  • the support may have a rigid or flexible surface.
  • the support of the device according to the second object of the invention may additionally comprise a structure for attaching said support to the user's tissues.
  • Figure 1. Shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2a Shows a diagram of the means of distancing in the position of maximum distance.
  • Figure 2b. Shows a diagram of the means of distancing in a position of minimum distance.
  • Figure 3. Shows a scheme of the invention where the control means and the battery are appreciated.
  • Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view of the second embodiment of the invention.
  • the first embodiment refers to a device (10) for transcranial stimulation by means of a non-invasive magnetic field.
  • the device (10) of the invention comprises at least one permanent magnet (12) disposed on one or more supports (14, 15) adaptable to the head or part of a user's head.
  • supports can be, among others, a helmet (15) (see figure 3) or a hat (14).
  • the supports (14, 15) can optionally be associated with a chin strap (18) (see figure 3) to facilitate a close interaction between the magnet (12) or the magnets (12) and the patient's scalp, as well as said supports (14, 15) can have a substantially rigid outer cover or a flexible outer part or include a mesh portion or openings.
  • the device (10) incorporates additionally some distancing means (30) to bring or close the magnets (12) to the scalp to modulate the intensity of the magnetic field that acts on the user and to regulate the stimulation on the cerebral cortex.
  • the distancing means (30) act independently on each of the magnets (12).
  • the distancing means (30) allow to regulate the position of the magnets (12) both continuously, and according to positions that determine pre-established distances between the magnets (12) and the scalp.
  • the position of the magnets (12), once determined, can be constant or variable. If the position is variable, it can vary according to specific patterns or waveforms.
  • the duration in which the magnet (12) is each of the positions and the time interval between the successive applications of the current can be selected and varied.
  • the distancing means (30) comprise pistons (35) fixed to the support (14, 15), the displacement of whose pistons jointly displaces the magnets (12) between a position of maximum distance (see figure 2a) and a position of minimum distance (see figure 2b).
  • the distancing means (30) can also be regulated based on biological signals, in particular, Electroncephalography (EEG) or Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), as well as based on commands given by the subject / patient or by the doctor /carer.
  • EEG Electroncephalography
  • NIRS Near Infrared Spectroscopy
  • the invention provides for the inclusion of releasable fixing means (16) of the magnets (12) to the support (14, 15), by way of hooks, tabs, clasps, etc. to fix the magnets with respect to both the inner surface and the outer surface of the support.
  • FIG 3 shows a power supply (32) (a battery (32)) that feeds the distancing means (30).
  • Figure 3 also shows a portable control interface (31) for remotely operating the distancing means (30).
  • the control interface (31) can be wireless or Web controlled.
  • the interface control (31) and a microprocessor that can be associated with it can be configured to provide transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field presenting a variable distance from the scalp.
  • the device (10) of the invention can be used for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases, including but not limited to: epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, disorders of the sleep, insomnia, anxiety and fibromyalgia.
  • the device of the invention can also be used in rehabilitation in diseases of the central nervous system, such as, among others, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Multiple Sclerosis.
  • a device (90) is presented for transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field of the nervous system in an invasive manner, which comprises:
  • the magnet (12) is located in a position selected from: subcutaneous; in a cranial teak bone; on the inner face of a cranial teak bone; and intracerebral;
  • a support (14, 15) adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support and fix the magnets (12) at a distance from the user's central nervous system;
  • the magnets (12) have characteristics equivalent to those of the first embodiment, in particular, they can be permanent magnets (12), as well as they can have an active surface on the user's tissues between 0.1 and 600 cm 2
  • the magnets can also have a shape selected from any of: cylinder, cube, sphere, hemisphere, parallelepiped, pyramid, and ring, among others.
  • the magnets are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
  • the support (14, 15) can have a rigid or flexible surface, as well as a device according to the second object of the invention can additionally comprise fixing means (95) to the user's tissues.

Abstract

This device may be used for different neurological, psychiatric and central-nervous-system disorders. Invasive and non-invasive embodiments are described. The non-invasive embodiment comprises magnets (12) held by a supporting element (14, 15) that can be adjusted to fit the user's head, means (16) for attaching the magnets to the supporting element (14, 15), means (30) for separating the magnets from the user's scalp, and a power source (32) for the separating means (30). The invasive embodiment comprises magnets (12), a supporting element (14, 15) and means (16) for attaching the magnets to the supporting element (14, 15). The supporting element (14, 15) may be a cap (14) or a helmet (15).

Description

DISPOSITIVO PARA ESTIMULACIÓN DEL SISTEMA NERVIOSO POR MEDIO DE CAMPO MAGNÉTICO ESTÁTICO Y USO DE DICHO DEVICE FOR STIMULATION OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM THROUGH STATIC MAGNETIC FIELD AND USE OF SUCH
DISPOSITIVO D E S C R I P C I Ó N DEVICE D E S C R I P C I Ó N
OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención se puede incluir en el campo de la electroterapia y magnetoterapia. En concreto, el objeto de la invención consiste en un equipo de estimulación del sistema nervioso central mediante campo magnético estático. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention can be included in the field of electrotherapy and magnetotherapy. Specifically, the object of the invention consists of a central nervous system stimulation device by static magnetic field. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
La estimulación transcraneal por campo magnético estático implica la aplicación de campos magnéticos estáticos para modular la actividad neuronal en el cerebro. Típicamente, los campos magnéticos estáticos aplicados van desde 0,125 a 15 Tesla. La estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático ha sido descrita como una técnica para generar modificaciones prolongadas de la excitabilidad y actividad de la corteza cerebral. Puede ser utilizada para tratar la epilepsia, migraña, depresión, enfermedad de Alzheimer, dolor, trastornos de movimiento, distonía, trastornos del sueño, insomnio, ansiedad, fibromialgia y otras patologías. La estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático puede ser utilizada para mejorar la rehabilitación tras lesiones cerebrales, ictus y lesión medular. Transcranial static magnetic field stimulation involves the application of static magnetic fields to modulate neuronal activity in the brain. Typically, the static magnetic fields applied range from 0.125 to 15 Tesla. Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field has been described as a technique to generate prolonged modifications of the excitability and activity of the cerebral cortex. It can be used to treat epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, sleep disorders, insomnia, anxiety, fibromyalgia and other pathologies. Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field can be used to improve rehabilitation after brain injury, stroke and spinal cord injury.
La estimulación del sistema nervioso central puede obtenerse de manera no invasiva colocando al menos un imán externamente a la cabeza obteniendo una estimulación transcraneal. La estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático consiste en la colocación de al menos un imán en contacto con el cuero cabelludo de un sujeto. La ubicación del imán puede ser crítica para el éxito del tratamiento mediante dicha estimulación. Además, el imán puede limitar la oportunidad del sujeto de participar en actividades normales durante el tratamiento. Además, el imán puede limitar la oportunidad del médico de controlar la duración del tratamiento si los pacientes tienen que colocarse el imán en casa. Además, el imán puede limitar la oportunidad de aplicar la estimulación, solo cuando es necesario. Central nervous system stimulation can be obtained non-invasively by placing at least one magnet externally to the head, obtaining transcranial stimulation. Transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field consists of placing at least one magnet in contact with the scalp of a subject. The location of the magnet can be critical for the success of the treatment through such stimulation. In addition, the magnet may limit the subject's opportunity to participate in normal activities during treatment. In addition, the magnet can limit the doctor's opportunity to control the duration of treatment if patients have to put the magnet at home. In addition, the magnet can limit the opportunity to apply stimulation, only when necessary.
Muchas patologías neurológicas y psiquiátricas se caracterizan por un aumento generalizado o focal de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central a nivel cortical y/o espinal (por ejemplo la epilepsia, la migraña, la distonia, la enfermedad de Alzheimer, la ansiedad, la fibromialgia, la espasticidad, trastornos del sueño, insomnio, etc.). También hay que resaltar que algunas enfermedades que no se caracterizan por un aumento de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central a nivel cortical y/o espinal se benefician de un aumento temporal de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central a nivel cortical y/o espinal generalizado o focal (por ejemplo la depresión, el ictus cerebral, la lesión medular, etc). En todas estas condiciones clínicas una disminución generalizada o focal de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central es beneficiosa. Many neurological and psychiatric pathologies are characterized by a generalized or focal increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or spinal level (for example epilepsy, migraine, dystonia, Alzheimer's disease, anxiety, fibromyalgia, spasticity, sleep disorders, insomnia, etc.). It should also be noted that some diseases that are not characterized by an increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or spinal level benefit from a temporary increase in the excitability of the central nervous system at the cortical and / or generalized spinal level or focal (for example depression, stroke, spinal cord injury, etc). In all these clinical conditions a generalized or focal decrease in the excitability of the central nervous system is beneficial.
Para ninguna de estas enfermedades relacionadas con las alteraciones de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central existen actualmente tratamientos de probada eficacia que cursen a través de un disminución de la excitabilidad del sistema nervioso central obtenida con estimulación mediante campos magnéticos estáticos. For none of these diseases related to the alterations of the excitability of the central nervous system, there are currently proven treatments that progress through a decrease in the excitability of the central nervous system obtained with stimulation by static magnetic fields.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención supera los inconvenientes mencionados describiendo un dispositivo para la estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático. La invención puede ser empleada tanto para animales como para humanos. Según una realización preferente, se describe un dispositivo de estimulación transcraneal no invasiva, mientras que en otra realización preferente de la invención se describe un dispositivo de estimulación invasiva intracraneal. El dispositivo de la invención comprende al menos un imán dispuestos en uno o varios soportes adaptables a la cabeza o a parte de la cabeza de un usuario. Ejemplos de soportes pueden ser, entre otros, un casco o un gorro. Los soportes pueden opcionalmente estar asociados con una correa de la barbilla para facilitar una estrecha interacción entre el imán o los imanes y el cuero cabelludo del paciente, así como dichos soportes pueden disponer de una cubierta exterior sustancialmente rígida o una parte externa flexible o incluir una porción de malla o aberturas. The present invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks by describing a device for the stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field. The invention can be used for both animals and humans. According to a preferred embodiment, a device is described. of non-invasive transcranial stimulation, while in another preferred embodiment of the invention an intracranial invasive stimulation device is described. The device of the invention comprises at least one magnet disposed on one or several supports adaptable to the head or part of a user's head. Examples of supports can be, among others, a helmet or a hat. The supports may optionally be associated with a chin strap to facilitate close interaction between the magnet or the magnets and the patient's scalp, as well as said supports may have a substantially rigid outer shell or a flexible outer part or include a mesh portion or openings.
Los imanes son preferente, pero no necesariamente imanes permanentes. Dichos imanes son útiles para los propósitos de la invención cuando la intensidad del campo magnético estático que producen se encuentra entre 0.125 y 15 Tesla. Magnets are preferred, but not necessarily permanent magnets. Such magnets are useful for the purposes of the invention when the intensity of the static magnetic field they produce is between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
De manara preferente, los imanes son cilindricos, si bien la invención contempla diferentes formas para los imanes, incluyendo pero no limitándose a: cubos, esferas, paralelepípedos, pirámides, semiesferas, anillos, etc. Preferably, the magnets are cylindrical, although the invention contemplates different shapes for the magnets, including but not limited to: cubes, spheres, parallelepipeds, pyramids, hemispheres, rings, etc.
El soporte puede comprender una o más bandas de ajuste de deslizamiento asociadas con la superficie interior o exterior de dicho soporte, cada una de bandas con al menos un imán adjunto. La banda o bandas de ajuste de deslizamiento pueden ser desplazables de manera continua o disponer de una pluralidad de posiciones seleccionares. The support may comprise one or more slip adjustment bands associated with the inner or outer surface of said support, each of bands with at least one magnet attached. The slip adjustment band or bands can be continuously movable or have a plurality of selection positions.
De manera preferente, el soporte puede ser personalizado en base a características anatomofuncionales del usuario, pudiendo dichas característica anatomofuncionales ser obtenidas con técnicas de neuroimagen o de neurofisiología, particularmente, a modo de ejemplo no limitiativo: Electroncefalografía (EEG), Espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS), Resonancia Magnética, Resonancia Magnética Funcional, Tomografía Computerizada (TC), Tomografía a emisiones de positrones (PET), SPECT, Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal y Potenciales Evocados El dispositivo puede incorporar - aunque no son indispensables - unos medios de distanciamiento para acercar o alejar los imanes al cuero cabelludo. Con el alejamiento o el acercamiento de dichos imanes al cuero cabelludo se logra modular la intensidad de campo magnético que actúa sobre el usuario para regular la estimulación sobre la corteza cerebral. De manera preferente, los medios de distanciamiento actúan independiente sobre cada uno de los imanes. Se prefiere que los medios de distanciamiento permitan regular la posición de los imanes tanto de manera continua, pero también es posible una regulación según posiciones que determinan distancias preestablecidas entre los imanes y el cuero cabelludo. La posición de los imanes, una vez determinada, puede ser constante o variable. Si la posición es variable, puede variar de acuerdo a patrones específicos o formas de onda. La duración en el que el imán está cada una de las posiciones y el intervalo de tiempo entre las sucesivas aplicaciones de la corriente puede ser seleccionada y variada. Según una realización preferente, los medios de distanciamiento se regulan en base a señales biológicas, en particular, Electroncefalografía (EEG) o Espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS). Preferably, the support can be customized based on the anatomofunctional characteristics of the user, said anatomofunctional characteristics being able to be obtained with neuroimaging or neurophysiology techniques, particularly, by way of non-limiting example: Electroncephalography (EEG), Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), Magnetic Resonance, Functional Magnetic Resonance, Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), SPECT, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Evoked Potentials The device can incorporate - although not indispensable - means of distancing to zoom in or out of the magnets to the scalp. With the removal or approach of these magnets to the scalp it is possible to modulate the intensity of the magnetic field that acts on the user to regulate the stimulation on the cerebral cortex. Preferably, the distancing means act independently on each of the magnets. It is preferred that the distancing means allow the position of the magnets to be regulated both continuously, but it is also possible to adjust according to positions that determine pre-established distances between the magnets and the scalp. The position of the magnets, once determined, can be constant or variable. If the position is variable, it can vary according to specific patterns or waveforms. The duration in which the magnet is each of the positions and the time interval between the successive applications of the current can be selected and varied. According to a preferred embodiment, the distancing means are regulated based on biological signals, in particular, Electroncephalography (EEG) or Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS).
Según otra realización preferente, los medios de distanciamiento se regulan en base a comandos dados por el sujeto/paciente o por el médico/cuidador. According to another preferred embodiment, the distancing means are regulated based on commands given by the subject / patient or by the doctor / caregiver.
La invención contempla la posibilidad opcional de incluir una fuente de alimentación que alimenta los medios de distanciamiento. La fuente de alimentación de los medios de distanciamiento puede comprender baterías. The invention contemplates the optional possibility of including a power supply that feeds the distancing means. The power supply of the distancing means may comprise batteries.
Según una realización preferente, la invención incluye una interfaz de control portátil para accionar remotamente los medios de distanciamiento. De manera preferente, la interfaz de control puede ser inalámbrica o controlada por Web. La interfaz de control y un microprocesador que puede estar asociado a ella pueden ser configurados para proporcionar la estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático presentando una distancia variable del cuero cabelludo. Por ejemplo, la posición del imán puede ser fijada y seleccionada para alcanzar determinados objetivos terapéuticos o de investigación, tal como se ha explicado anteriormente. La invención prevé la inclusión de unos medios de fijación de los imanes al soporte. De manera preferente, los medios de fijación son liberables. A modo de ejemplos no limitativos, los medios de fijación pueden ser ganchos, lengüetas, broches, para fijar los imanes con respecto tanto a la superficie interior como a la superficie exterior del soporte. Asimismo, cualesquiera de los imanes pueden estar compuestos por estructuras separadas para incrementar el campo magnético estático de estimulación. De manera preferente, el área de la superficie de cada imán en contacto con el cuero cabelludo está comprendida entre 0.1 y 600 cm2. La superficie del imán en contacto con el cuero cabelludo puede comprender estructuras separadas para proporcionar un mayor contacto con el cuero cabelludo del paciente. La superficie del imán en contacto con el soporte puede comprender estructuras separadas para proporcionar un mayor contacto con el mismo soporte. Dichas estructuras pueden incluir pero no se limitan a protuberancias, arrugas, pelos o dientes. El dispositivo de la invención permite definir con precisión la distancia entre los imanes y el cuero cabelludo, así como permite libertad al usuario para participar en actividades normales durante el tratamiento y de administrarse el tratamiento de manera programada cuando es necesario. According to a preferred embodiment, the invention includes an interface of portable control to remotely activate the distancing means. Preferably, the control interface can be wireless or Web controlled. The control interface and a microprocessor that may be associated with it can be configured to provide transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field presenting a variable distance from the scalp. For example, the position of the magnet can be set and selected to achieve certain therapeutic or research objectives, as explained above. The invention provides for the inclusion of means for fixing the magnets to the support. Preferably, the fixing means are releasable. By way of non-limiting examples, the fixing means can be hooks, tongues, clasps, to fix the magnets with respect to both the inner surface and the outer surface of the support. Also, any of the magnets can be composed of separate structures to increase the static magnetic field of stimulation. Preferably, the surface area of each magnet in contact with the scalp is between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 . The surface of the magnet in contact with the scalp may comprise separate structures to provide greater contact with the patient's scalp. The surface of the magnet in contact with the support may comprise separate structures to provide greater contact with the same support. Such structures may include but are not limited to bumps, wrinkles, hairs or teeth. The device of the invention allows to precisely define the distance between the magnets and the scalp, as well as allows the user freedom to participate in normal activities during the treatment and to administer the treatment on a scheduled basis when necessary.
Además, mediante la invención no se limita la oportunidad del médico de controlar la duración del tratamiento si los pacientes tienen que colocarse el imán en casa. In addition, the physician's opportunity to monitor the duration of treatment if patients have to put the magnet at home.
Además, mediante la invención no se limita la oportunidad de controlar la aplicación de la estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático utilizando señales biológicas como electroencefalografía (EEG), espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS), etc. In addition, the opportunity to control the application of transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field using biological signals such as electroencephalography (EEG), near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), etc. is not limited by the invention.
Además, mediante la invención no se limita la oportunidad de controlar la aplicación de la estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático activado directamente por parte del usuario. Furthermore, the opportunity to control the application of transcranial stimulation by means of static magnetic field activated directly by the user is not limited by the invention.
El dispositivo de la invención se puede emplear para el tratamiento de enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas, entre las que se incluyen de manera no limitativa: epilepsia, migraña, depresión, enfermedad de Alzheimer, dolor, trastornos de movimiento, distonía, trastornos del sueño, insomnio, ansiedad y fibromialgia. El dispositivo de la invención también se puede emplear en rehabilitación en enfermedades del sistema nervioso central, tales como, entre otras, Ictus, Lesión Medular, Traumatismo craneoencefálico, y Esclerosis Múltiple. The device of the invention can be used for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases, including but not limited to: epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, sleep disorders, insomnia , anxiety and fibromyalgia. The device of the invention can also be used in rehabilitation in diseases of the central nervous system, such as, among others, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Multiple Sclerosis.
Según otro aspecto de la invención, se presenta un dispositivo para estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático del sistema nervioso de manera invasiva, el cual comprende: - al menos un imán para aplicar un campo magnético estático sobre el sistema nervioso central, donde el imán está ubicado en una posición seleccionada entre: subcutánea; en un hueso de la teca craneal; en la cara interna de un hueso de la teca craneal; e intracerebral; According to another aspect of the invention, a device for transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field of the nervous system is presented in an invasive manner, which comprises: - at least one magnet for applying a static magnetic field on the central nervous system, where the magnet is located in a position selected from: subcutaneous; in a cranial teak bone; on the inner face of a cranial teak bone; and intracerebral;
- un soporte adaptable a al menos una porción de la cabeza de un usuario para soportar y fijar los imanes a una distancia del sistema nervioso central del usuario; - a support adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support and fix the magnets at a distance from the central nervous system of the Username;
- medios de fijación de los imanes al soporte; De acuerdo con una realización preferente del segundo aspecto de la invención, los imanes pueden ser permanentes, así como pueden presentar una superficie activa sobre los tejidos del usuario comprendida entre 0.1 y 600 cm2. Los imanes también pueden presentar una forma seleccionada entre cualquiera de: cilindro, cubo, esfera, semiesfera, paralelepípedo, pirámide, y anillo, entre otras. Asimismo, los imanes son capaces de aportar un campo magnético comprendido entre 0.125 y 15 Tesla. - means for fixing the magnets to the support; According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the magnets can be permanent, as well as they can have an active surface on the user's tissues between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 . The magnets can also have a shape selected from any of: cylinder, cube, sphere, hemisphere, parallelepiped, pyramid, and ring, among others. Likewise, the magnets are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
De acuerdo con una realización preferente del segundo aspecto de la invención, el soporte puede presentar una superficie rígida, o flexible. According to a preferred embodiment of the second aspect of the invention, the support may have a rigid or flexible surface.
Preferentemente, el soporte del dispositivo de acuerdo con el segundo objeto de la invención puede comprende adicionalmente una estructura para sujetar dicho soporte a los tejidos del usuario. DESCRIPCIÓN DE LOS DIBUJOS Preferably, the support of the device according to the second object of the invention may additionally comprise a structure for attaching said support to the user's tissues. DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Para complementar la descripción que se está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor comprensión de las características de la invención, de acuerdo con un ejemplo preferente de realización práctica de la misma, se acompaña como parte integrante de dicha descripción, un juego de dibujos en donde con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo, se ha representado lo siguiente: To complement the description that is being made and in order to help a better understanding of the features of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a set of drawings is attached as an integral part of said description. where for illustrative and non-limiting purposes, the following has been represented:
Figura 1.- Muestra una vista esquemática en perspectiva de la primera realización de la invención. Figure 1.- Shows a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the invention.
Figura 2a.- Muestra un esquema de los medios de distanciamiento en posición de máximo alejamiento. Figura 2b.- Muestra un esquema de los medios de distanciamiento en posición de mínimo alejamiento. Figura 3.- Muestra un esquema de la invención donde se aprecian los medios de control y la batería. Figure 2a.- Shows a diagram of the means of distancing in the position of maximum distance. Figure 2b.- Shows a diagram of the means of distancing in a position of minimum distance. Figure 3.- Shows a scheme of the invention where the control means and the battery are appreciated.
Figura 4.- Muestra una vista esquemática de la segunda realización de la invención. Figure 4.- Shows a schematic view of the second embodiment of the invention.
REALIZACIONES PREFERENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION
Seguidamente se describen dos realizaciones preferentes de la invención, con ayuda de las figuras adjuntas. Two preferred embodiments of the invention are described below, with the aid of the attached figures.
PRIMERA REALIZACIÓN. DISPOSITIVO NO INVASIVO FIRST REALIZATION. NON INVASIVE DEVICE
La primera realización, descrita con ayuda de las figuras 1 a 3, se refiere a un dispositivo (10) para la estimulación transcraneal por medio de campo magnético de manera no invasiva. The first embodiment, described with the help of Figures 1 to 3, refers to a device (10) for transcranial stimulation by means of a non-invasive magnetic field.
Tal como se aprecia en la figura 1 , el dispositivo (10) de la invención comprende al menos un imán (12) permanente dispuesto en uno o varios soportes (14, 15) adaptables a la cabeza o a parte de la cabeza de un usuario. Ejemplos de soportes pueden ser, entre otros, un casco (15) (ver figura 3) o un gorro (14). Los soportes (14, 15) pueden opcionalmente estar asociados con una correa (18) de la barbilla (ver figura 3) para facilitar una estrecha interacción entre el imán (12) o los imanes (12) y el cuero cabelludo del paciente, así como dichos soportes (14, 15) pueden disponer de una cubierta exterior sustancialmente rígida o una parte externa flexible o incluir una porción de malla o aberturas. As can be seen in Figure 1, the device (10) of the invention comprises at least one permanent magnet (12) disposed on one or more supports (14, 15) adaptable to the head or part of a user's head. Examples of supports can be, among others, a helmet (15) (see figure 3) or a hat (14). The supports (14, 15) can optionally be associated with a chin strap (18) (see figure 3) to facilitate a close interaction between the magnet (12) or the magnets (12) and the patient's scalp, as well as said supports (14, 15) can have a substantially rigid outer cover or a flexible outer part or include a mesh portion or openings.
En las figuras 2a y 2b se muestra que el dispositivo (10) incorpora adicionalmente unos medios de distanciamiento (30) para acercar o alejar los imanes (12) al cuero cabelludo para modular la intensidad de campo magnético que actúa sobre el usuario y para regular la estimulación sobre la corteza cerebral. Los medios de distanciamiento (30) actúan independiente sobre cada uno de los imanes (12). Los medios de distanciamiento (30) permiten regular la posición de los imanes (12) tanto de manera continua, como según posiciones que determinan distancias preestablecidas entre los imanes (12) y el cuero cabelludo. La posición de los imanes (12), una vez determinada, puede ser constante o variable. Si la posición es variable, puede variar de acuerdo a patrones específicos o formas de onda. La duración en el que el imán (12) está cada una de las posiciones y el intervalo de tiempo entre las sucesivas aplicaciones de la corriente puede ser seleccionada y variada. Según se aprecia en las figuras 2a, los medios de distanciamiento (30) comprenden unos pistones (35) fijados al soporte (14, 15), el desplazamiento de cuyos émbolos desplaza solidariamente los imanes (12) entre una posición de máximo alejamiento (ver figura 2a) y una posición de mínimo alejamiento (ver figura 2b). In Figures 2a and 2b it is shown that the device (10) incorporates additionally some distancing means (30) to bring or close the magnets (12) to the scalp to modulate the intensity of the magnetic field that acts on the user and to regulate the stimulation on the cerebral cortex. The distancing means (30) act independently on each of the magnets (12). The distancing means (30) allow to regulate the position of the magnets (12) both continuously, and according to positions that determine pre-established distances between the magnets (12) and the scalp. The position of the magnets (12), once determined, can be constant or variable. If the position is variable, it can vary according to specific patterns or waveforms. The duration in which the magnet (12) is each of the positions and the time interval between the successive applications of the current can be selected and varied. As can be seen in figures 2a, the distancing means (30) comprise pistons (35) fixed to the support (14, 15), the displacement of whose pistons jointly displaces the magnets (12) between a position of maximum distance (see figure 2a) and a position of minimum distance (see figure 2b).
Los medios de distanciamiento (30) también se pueden regular en base a señales biológicas, en particular, Electroncefalografía (EEG) o Espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS), así como en base a comandos dados por el sujeto/paciente o por el médico/cuidador. The distancing means (30) can also be regulated based on biological signals, in particular, Electroncephalography (EEG) or Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS), as well as based on commands given by the subject / patient or by the doctor /carer.
La invención prevé la inclusión de unos medios de fijación (16) liberables de los imanes (12) al soporte (14, 15), a modo de ganchos, lengüetas, broches, etc. para fijar los imanes con respecto tanto a la superficie interior como a la superficie exterior del soporte. The invention provides for the inclusion of releasable fixing means (16) of the magnets (12) to the support (14, 15), by way of hooks, tabs, clasps, etc. to fix the magnets with respect to both the inner surface and the outer surface of the support.
La figura 3 muestra una fuente de alimentación (32) (una batería (32)) que alimenta los medios de distanciamiento (30). Figure 3 shows a power supply (32) (a battery (32)) that feeds the distancing means (30).
La figura 3 muestra además una interfaz de control (31 ) portátil para accionar remotamente los medios de distanciamiento (30). De manera preferente, la interfaz de control (31 ) puede ser inalámbrica o controlada por Web. La interfaz de control (31 ) y un microprocesador que puede estar asociado a ella pueden ser configurados para proporcionar la estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático presentando una distancia variable del cuero cabelludo. El dispositivo (10) de la invención se puede emplear para el tratamiento de enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas, entre las que se incluyen de manera no limitativa: epilepsia, migraña, depresión, enfermedad de Alzheimer, dolor, trastornos de movimiento, distonía, trastornos del sueño, insomnio, ansiedad y fibromialgia. El dispositivo de la invención también se puede emplear en rehabilitación en enfermedades del sistema nervioso central, tales como, entre otras, Ictus, Lesión Medular, Traumatismo craneoencefálico, y Esclerosis Múltiple. Figure 3 also shows a portable control interface (31) for remotely operating the distancing means (30). Preferably, the control interface (31) can be wireless or Web controlled. the interface control (31) and a microprocessor that can be associated with it can be configured to provide transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field presenting a variable distance from the scalp. The device (10) of the invention can be used for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases, including but not limited to: epilepsy, migraine, depression, Alzheimer's disease, pain, movement disorders, dystonia, disorders of the sleep, insomnia, anxiety and fibromyalgia. The device of the invention can also be used in rehabilitation in diseases of the central nervous system, such as, among others, Stroke, Spinal Cord Injury, Traumatic Brain Injury, and Multiple Sclerosis.
SEGUNDA REALIZACIÓN. DISPOSITIVO INVASIVO De acuerdo con la figura 4, se presenta un dispostivo (90) para estimulación transcraneal mediante campo magnético estático del sistema nervioso de manera invasiva, el cual comprende: SECOND REALIZATION. INVASIVE DEVICE According to Figure 4, a device (90) is presented for transcranial stimulation by static magnetic field of the nervous system in an invasive manner, which comprises:
- al menos un imán (12) para aplicar un campo magnético estático sobre el sistema nervioso central, donde el imán (12) está ubicado en una posición seleccionada entre: subcutánea; en un hueso de la teca craneal; en la cara interna de un hueso de la teca craneal; e intracerebral; - at least one magnet (12) to apply a static magnetic field on the central nervous system, where the magnet (12) is located in a position selected from: subcutaneous; in a cranial teak bone; on the inner face of a cranial teak bone; and intracerebral;
- un soporte (14, 15) adaptable a al menos una porción de la cabeza de un usuario para soportar y fijar los imanes (12) a una distancia del sistema nervioso central del usuario; - a support (14, 15) adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support and fix the magnets (12) at a distance from the user's central nervous system;
- medios de fijación (16) de los imanes al soporte; Se prevé que algunas de las características descritas en la segunda realización, por ejemplo el soporte (14, 15) y los medios de fijación (16), son equivalentes a las de la primera realización, por lo que se asume que pueden ser intercambiadas y no se incide en su descripción. - fixing means (16) of the magnets to the support; It is envisioned that some of the features described in the second embodiment, for example the support (14, 15) and the fixing means (16), are equivalent to those of the first embodiment, so it is assumed that they can be exchanged and its description is not affected.
Asimismo, para la segunda realización, los imanes (12) presentan características equivalentes a las de la primera realización, en particular, pueden ser imanes (12) permanentes, así como pueden presentar una superficie activa sobre los tejidos del usuario comprendida entre 0.1 y 600 cm2. Los imanes también pueden presentar una forma seleccionada entre cualquiera de: cilindro, cubo, esfera, semiesfera, paralelepípedo, pirámide, y anillo, entre otras. Asimismo, los imanes son capaces de aportar un campo magnético comprendido entre 0.125 y 15 Tesla. Also, for the second embodiment, the magnets (12) have characteristics equivalent to those of the first embodiment, in particular, they can be permanent magnets (12), as well as they can have an active surface on the user's tissues between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 The magnets can also have a shape selected from any of: cylinder, cube, sphere, hemisphere, parallelepiped, pyramid, and ring, among others. Likewise, the magnets are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla.
De igual modo, el soporte (14, 15) puede presentar una superficie rígida, o flexible, así como dispositivo de acuerdo con el segundo objeto de la invención puede comprender adicionalmente unos medios de fijación (95) a los tejidos del usuario. Likewise, the support (14, 15) can have a rigid or flexible surface, as well as a device according to the second object of the invention can additionally comprise fixing means (95) to the user's tissues.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S λ - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, caracterizado porque comprende: R E I V I N D I C A C I O N E S λ - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, characterized in that it comprises:
- al menos un imán (12) para aplicar un campo magnético estático sobre el cuero cabelludo de un usuario;  - at least one magnet (12) to apply a static magnetic field on the scalp of a user;
- un soporte (14, 15) adaptable a al menos una porción de la cabeza de un usuario para soportar los imanes (12) a una distancia del cuero cabelludo del usuario;  - a support (14, 15) adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support the magnets (12) at a distance from the user's scalp;
- medios de fijación (16) de los imanes al soporte;  - fixing means (16) of the magnets to the support;
2. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con la primera reivindicación, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) son permanentes. 2. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to the first claim, characterized in that the magnets (12) are permanent.
3. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 2, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) presentan una superficie activa sobre el cuero cabelludo del usuario comprendida entre 0.1 y 600 cm2. 3. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the magnets (12) have an active surface on the scalp of the user between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 .
4. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) presentan una forma seleccionada entre cualquiera de: 4. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the magnets (12) have a shape selected from any of:
- cilindro,  - cylinder,
- cubo,  - Cube,
- esfera,  - sphere,
- sem ¡esfera,  - sem sphere,
- paralelepípedo,  - parallelepiped,
- pirámide, y  - pyramid, and
- anillo.  - ring
5. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 4, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) incorporan adicionalmente unas estructuras separadas para ajustar mejor al soporte. 5. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the magnets (12) additionally incorporate separate structures to better fit the support.
6.- Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 5, caracterizado porque las estructuras separadas se seleccionan entre: 6. Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to claim 5, characterized in that the separate structures are selected from:
- protuberancias,  - bumps,
- arrugas,  - wrinkles,
- pelos,  - hairs,
- dientes  - teeth
7. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 6, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) son capaces de aportar un campo magnético comprendido entre 0.125 y 15 Tesla. 7. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the magnets (12) are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla
8. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta una superficie rígida. 8. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has a rigid surface.
9. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta una superficie flexible. 9. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has a flexible surface.
10. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 8 y 9, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta aberturas. 10. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has openings.
11.- Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 10, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta aberturas según una malla. 11. Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 10, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has openings according to a mesh.
12. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 8 a 11 , caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) se selecciona entre un gorro (14) y un casco (15). 12. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 and 8 to 11, characterized in that the support (14, 15) is selected from a cap (14) and a helmet (15).
13. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 8 a 13, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) incorpora adicionalmente una correa (18) para sujetar dicho soporte (14, 15) a la barbilla del usuario. 13. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 and 8 to 13, characterized in that the support (14, 15) additionally incorporates a strap (18) to hold said support (14, 15) to the user's chin.
14. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la las reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque adicionalmente comprende unos medios de distanciamiento (30) para disponer los imanes (12) a una distancia del cuero cabelludo del usuario. 14. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises distancing means (30) for arranging the magnets (12) at a distance from the scalp of the user.
15. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la las reivindicación 14, caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) están asociados a una fuente de alimentación (32). 15. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 14, characterized in that the distancing means (30) are associated with a power supply (32).
16. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 14 y 15, caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) comprenden una interfaz de control portátil (31 ) para regular la posición de los imanes (12) y la duración de la permanencia de los imanes (12) en cada posición. 16. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the distancing means (30) comprise a portable control interface (31) for regulating the position of the magnets (12) and the duration of the permanence of the magnets (12) in each position.
17. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque la interfaz de control (31 ) se selecciona entre: 17. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 16, characterized in that the control interface (31) is selected from:
- una interfaz de control (31 ) inalámbrica, y  - a wireless control interface (31), and
- una interfaz de control (31 ) controlada por Web. - a control interface (31) controlled by Web.
18. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 16 y 17, caracterizado porque la interfaz de control (31 ) permite la disposición de los imanes (12) en posiciones preestablecidas. 18. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 16 and 17, characterized in that the control interface (31) allows the arrangement of the magnets (12) in positions Preset
19. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 18, caracterizado porque la interfaz de control (31 ) permite regular la posición de los imanes (12) según patrones de posición. 19. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 18, characterized in that the control interface (31) allows to regulate the position of the magnets (12) according to position patterns.
20. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 16 y 17, caracterizado porque la interfaz de control (31 ) permite la disposición de los imanes (12) según una variación continua de la posición. 20. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 16 and 17, characterized in that the control interface (31) allows the arrangement of the magnets (12) according to a continuous variation of the position.
21. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 20, caracterizado porque la interfaz de control (31 ) permite regular la posición según una función de onda. 21. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 20, characterized in that the control interface (31) allows to regulate the position according to a wave function.
22. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 16 a 21 , caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) comprenden al menos una banda dotada de deslizaderas a las que está fijado al menos un imán (12), para desplazar el imán (12) a lo largo de la banda. 22. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 and 16 to 21, characterized in that the distancing means (30) comprise at least one band provided with sliders a which is fixed at least one magnet (12), to move the magnet (12) along the band.
23. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 22, caracterizado porque las deslizaderas permiten la disposición de los imanes (12) a lo largo de las bandas según posiciones predeterminadas o de manera continua. 23. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 22, characterized in that the sliders allow the arrangement of the magnets (12) along the bands according to predetermined positions or so keep going.
24. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) se regulan en base a señales biológicas. 24. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 16, characterized in that the distancing means (30) are regulated based on biological signals.
25. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 24, caracterizado porque las señales biológicas se seleccionan entre: 25. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 24, characterized in that the biological signals are selected from:
- Electroncefalografía (EEG)  - Electroncephalography (EEG)
-Espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS).  - Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
26. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) se regulan en base a comandos dados por el sujeto/paciente. 26. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 16, characterized in that the distancing means (30) are regulated based on commands given by the subject / patient.
27. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 16, caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) se regulan en base a comandos datos por el médico/cuidador. 27. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 16, characterized in that the distancing means (30) are regulated based on data commands by the doctor / caregiver.
28. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque la fuente de alimentación (32) comprende al menos una batería (32). 28. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the power supply (32) comprises at least one battery (32).
29. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los medios de fijación (30) son liberables. 29. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixing means (30) are releasable.
30. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 25, caracterizado porque los medios de fijación (30) se seleccionan entre: 30. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 25, characterized in that the fixing means (30) are selected from:
- ganchos, - lengüetas, y - hooks, - tabs, and
- broches.  - brooches
31. - Dispositivo (10) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , caracterizado porque los medios de distanciamiento (30) comprenden unos pistones (35) fijados al soporte (14, 15), dichos pistones (35) provistos de émbolos, cuyo desplazamiento produce solidariamente el desplazamiento de imanes (12). 31. - Device (10) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 1, characterized in that the distancing means (30) comprise pistons (35) fixed to the support (14, 15), said pistons (35) provided with pistons, whose displacement jointly produces the displacement of magnets (12).
32. - El uso de dispositivo (10) descrito en una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 31 para la estimulación del sistema nervioso mediante campos magnéticos estáticos para el tratamiento de enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas. 32. - The use of device (10) described in any one of claims 1 to 31 for the stimulation of the nervous system by static magnetic fields for the treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases.
33. - El uso de dispositivo (10) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 32, caracterizado porque las enfermedades neurológicas y psiquiátricas se seleccionan entre: 33. - The use of device (10) according to claim 32, characterized in that neurological and psychiatric diseases are selected from:
- epilepsia,  - epilepsy,
-migraña,  -migraine,
-depresión,  -depression,
-enfermedad de Alzheimer,  -Alzheimer disease,
-dolor,  -pain,
-trastornos de movimiento,  - movement disorders,
-distonía,  -distonia,
-trastornos del sueño,  -sleep disorders,
-insomnio,  -insomnia,
-ansiedad y  -anxiety and
-fibromialgia  -fibromyalgia
34. - El uso de dispositivo (10) de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 31 en la rehabilitación en enfermedades del sistema nervioso central. 34. - The use of device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 31 in the rehabilitation in diseases of the central nervous system.
35. - El uso de dispositivo (10) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 32, caracterizado porque las enfermedades del sistema nervioso central se seleccionan entre: - Ictus, 35. - The use of device (10) according to claim 32, characterized in that the diseases of the central nervous system are selected from: - Stroke,
-Lesión Medular,  -Spinal cord injury,
-Traumatismo craneoencefalico, y  -Cranioencephalic trauma, and
- Esclerosis Múltiple  - Multiple sclerosis
36. Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso mediante campo magnético estático del sistema nervioso de manera invasiva, caracterizado porque comprende: 36. Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by static magnetic field of the nervous system in an invasive manner, characterized in that it comprises:
- al menos un imán (12) para aplicar un campo magnético estático sobre el sistema nervioso central, donde el imán (12) está ubicado en una posición seleccionada entre: subcutánea; en un hueso de la teca craneal; en la cara interna de un hueso de la teca craneal; e intracerebral;  - at least one magnet (12) to apply a static magnetic field on the central nervous system, where the magnet (12) is located in a position selected from: subcutaneous; in a cranial teak bone; on the inner face of a cranial teak bone; and intracerebral;
- un soporte (14, 15) adaptable a al menos una porción de la cabeza de un usuario para soportar y fijar los imanes (12) a una distancia del sistema nervioso central del usuario;  - a support (14, 15) adaptable to at least a portion of a user's head to support and fix the magnets (12) at a distance from the user's central nervous system;
- medios de fijación (16) de los imanes al soporte;  - fixing means (16) of the magnets to the support;
37. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con la reivindicación 36, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) son permanentes. 37. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to claim 36, characterized in that the magnets (12) are permanent.
38. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 36 y 37, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) presentan una superficie activa sobre los tejidos del usuario comprendida entre 0.1 y 600 cm2. 38. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 36 and 37, characterized in that the magnets (12) have an active surface on the tissues of the user between 0.1 and 600 cm 2 .
39. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 36 a 38, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) presentan una forma seleccionada entre cualquiera de: 39. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 36 to 38, characterized in that the magnets (12) have a shape selected from any of:
- cilindro,  - cylinder,
- cubo, - esfera, - Cube, - sphere,
- sem ¡esfera,  - sem sphere,
- paralelepípedo,  - parallelepiped,
- pirámide, y  - pyramid, and
- anillo.  - ring
40- Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 36 a 39, caracterizado porque los imanes (12) son capaces de aportar un campo magnético comprendido entre 0.125 y 15 Tesla. 40- Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 36 to 39, characterized in that the magnets (12) are capable of providing a magnetic field between 0.125 and 15 Tesla .
41. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 36, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta una superficie rígida. 41. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 36, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has a rigid surface.
42. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 36, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) presenta una superficie flexible. 42. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 36, characterized in that the support (14, 15) has a flexible surface.
43.- Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 36, 41 y 43, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) incorpora adicionalmente unos medios de fijación (95) para sujetar dicho soporte (14, 15) y el imán (12) a los tejidos del usuario. 43.- Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 36, 41 and 43, characterized in that the support (14, 15) additionally incorporates fixing means (95) to hold said support (14, 15) and the magnet (12) to the user's tissues.
44. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 y 8 a 12, caracterizado porque el soporte (14, 15) se personaliza en base a características anatomofuncionales del usuario. 44. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to any one of claims 1 and 8 to 12, characterized in that the support (14, 15) is customized based on anatomofunctional characteristics of the user .
45. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 44, caracterizado porque las características anatomofuncionales del usuario se obtienen con técnicas de neuroimagen o de neurofisiología. 45. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 44, characterized because the anatomofunctional characteristics of the user are obtained with neuroimaging or neurophysiology techniques.
46. - Dispositivo (90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático de acuerdo con la reivindicación 45, caracterizado porque las técnicas de neuroimagen o de neurofisiología se seleccionan entre: 46. - Device (90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field according to claim 45, characterized in that the neuroimaging or neurophysiology techniques are selected from:
- Electroncefalografía (EEG)  - Electroncephalography (EEG)
-Espectroscopia en el infrarrojo cercano (NIRS)  - Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)
-Resonancia Magnética.  -Magnetic resonance.
-Resonancia Magnética Funcional.  -Functional Magnetic Resonance.
-Tomografía Computerizada (TC)  -Computer Tomography (CT)
-Tomografia a emisiones de positrones (PET)  - Positron emission tomography (PET)
-SPECT  -SPECT
-Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal  -Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
-Potenciales Evocados.  -Evoked potentials.
47. - Dispositivo (10, 90) para estimulación del sistema nervioso por medio de campo magnético estático, de acuerdo con una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 31 y 36 a 46, caracterizado porque el usuario es un humano o un animal. 47. - Device (10, 90) for stimulation of the nervous system by means of static magnetic field, according to any one of claims 1 to 31 and 36 to 46, characterized in that the user is a human or an animal.
PCT/ES2011/070290 2010-04-27 2011-04-25 Device for stimulating the nervous system using a static magnetic field and use of such a device WO2011135136A1 (en)

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