WO2011131792A2 - Wind turbine direction control - Google Patents
Wind turbine direction control Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011131792A2 WO2011131792A2 PCT/EP2011/056554 EP2011056554W WO2011131792A2 WO 2011131792 A2 WO2011131792 A2 WO 2011131792A2 EP 2011056554 W EP2011056554 W EP 2011056554W WO 2011131792 A2 WO2011131792 A2 WO 2011131792A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- turbine
- wind
- platform
- rotate
- Prior art date
Links
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000037237 body shape Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000029152 Small face Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N flonicamid Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=CC=NC=C1C(=O)NCC#N RLQJEEJISHYWON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0244—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for braking
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
- F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
- F03B17/061—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially in flow direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor having a plurality of rotors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0204—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor for orientation in relation to wind direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/10—Stators
- F05B2240/13—Stators to collect or cause flow towards or away from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2250/00—Geometry
- F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05B2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
- F05B2250/312—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being parallel to each other
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/901—Braking using aerodynamic forces, i.e. lift or drag
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/902—Braking using frictional mechanical forces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2260/00—Function
- F05B2260/90—Braking
- F05B2260/903—Braking using electrical or magnetic forces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/321—Wind directions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Definitions
- the 'Vertical Axis' design has the main rotor and shaft arranged vertically, such that the rotor is driven to turn by the wind regardless of the direction from which the wind is coming.
- a 'wind turbine' is a 'Horizontal Axis' type wind turbine.
- each turbine comprising a rotor configured to rotate about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the ring structure in response to a fluid flow over the rotor
- Figure 2 shows a (a) a side view and (b) a top down view of a wind tower according an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 6 shows a vertical stack of several turbine platforms of Figure 5.
- a surface 80 which may be the ground, the roof of a building or a similar surface capable of supporting the wind tower.
- Yaw error is defined as the angle between the optimal orientation for harnessing the maximum amount of wind energy and the actual orientation of the turbine rotors, i.e. the angular difference between the rotational axes of the wind turbines and a determined wind direction.
- the yaw error is defined by this document as being negative when the wind direction 100 is in the range marked with a '-' with respect to the orientation 1 10 of the turbine rotors (i.e. to the left of the orientation 1 10 or from the perspective of central shaft 10) and positive when the wind direction 100 is in the range marked with a '+' in figure 3(a) with respect to the orientation 1 10 of the turbine rotors (i.e. to the right of the orientation 1 10 or from the perspective of central shaft 10).
- the control system 90 is configured to receive the output of the wind direction determination device 70 and, when the wind direction is determined to be 'positive' relative to the orientation 1 10 of the turbine rotors, the control unit controls the braking means to reduce the rotational speed of the rotor of turbine 40.
- the relative slow rotational speed of the rotor of turbine 40 compared with the rotor of turbine 30 causes the turbine platform to rotate in an clockwise manner, reducing the yaw error.
- the control system detects that the yaw error is zero or close to zero, the braking means is controlled to reduce or stop braking of the rotor of turbine 40, so that the rotors of turbines 40 and 30 may rotate at the same speed. At this point the platform will stop rotating.
- the control unit controls the braking means to reduce the rotational speed of the rotor of turbine 30.
- the relative slow rotational speed of the rotor of turbine 30 compared with the rotor of turbine 40 causes the turbine platform to rotate in an anti-clockwise manner, reducing the yaw error.
- the braking means is controlled to reduce or stop braking of the rotor of turbine 30, so that the rotors of turbines 30 and 40 may rotate at the same speed. At this point the platform will stop rotating.
- the rotation of the turbine platform by means of reducing the speed of, or stopping altogether the rotation of one of the turbine rotors is achieved in the following manner.
- a greater degree of drag results from the wind flowing over the blades of that rotor and a greater degree of force is applied to the rotor in the direction of the wind flow. If the force being applied by the wind to one rotor is greater than the force being applied to the other rotor, the turbine platform will be moved to rotate about the central shaft such that the braked rotor is dragged around by the wind.
- each wind turbine further comprises the means to drive the rotor to turn.
- the means to drive the rotor to turn may constitute using an electrical generator, otherwise used to convert the rotation of the rotor shaft to electrical energy, to drive the rotor by means of an electrical current.
- an auxiliary motor maybe used.
- the means to drive the rotor to turn is used to generate a directional force with the rotor and consequently rotate the turbine platform in a desired direction. This may be used when, for example, the turbine platform is in a position in which the rotor axes are perpendicular to the direction of the oncoming wind and the rotors are not being turned by the wind.
- the access panels may consist of sliding, hinged or pivoting, windows or doors.
- the access panels are preferably non-detachable from the shaped structure, such that the panels cannot be completely detached during normal maintenance work. This reduces the risk, especially during high wind environments, of the panel from being dropped by the engineer, and potentially colliding with a rotating rotor below.
- multiple maintenance panels are present in the hollow body shape for each turbine, allowing convenient access to the different components, such as the rotor blades, the rotor shaft and the generator.
- the tower comprises multiple such turbine platforms arranged in a vertical stack. It is preferred that all the turbine platforms be rigidly fixed to one another so that it is ensured that all the turbines are always facing a single direction. In some cases, however, each turbine platform may be free to rotate with respect to one another. This could be useful in case the flow direction depends on the altitude from the base, as could happen with underwater currents.
- a vertical stack of turbine platforms may comprise a hollow body 200 which geometry enhances the hydrodynamic properties of the structure, directing air flow to each turbine.
- the shaped structure may be made of several elements rigidly fixed to each ring structure 20 and in combination forming the desired geometry.
- the hollow body can be provided with maintenance panels which may be removed or opened, in order to allow access from within the revolution shaped structure to the various wind turbines.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB1006831.0A GB201006831D0 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-04-23 | Wind turbine direction control |
GB1006831.0 | 2010-04-23 | ||
GBGB1008096.8A GB201008096D0 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2010-05-14 | Wind turbine direction control |
GB1008096.8 | 2010-05-14 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2011131792A2 true WO2011131792A2 (en) | 2011-10-27 |
WO2011131792A3 WO2011131792A3 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
Family
ID=42270747
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/056554 WO2011131792A2 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-26 | Wind turbine direction control |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GB (2) | GB201006831D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011131792A2 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016128005A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control system for wind turbine having multiple rotors arranged to control support arm orientation |
DE102015216931A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Permavit Gmbh | Method for operating a wind turbine |
WO2018157897A1 (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Yaw system monitor for a multi-rotor wind turbine system |
CN113323794A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-31 | 信阳师范学院 | Automatic wind alignment device of horizontal axis wind turbine suitable for medium-low wind speed area |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE899386A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1984-07-31 | Vloet Antoine Van De | Wind machine for driving electric generator - uses conical shaped structure and diffuser with cylindrical section containing wind driven propeller |
WO2003076800A2 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2003-09-18 | Ocean Wind Energy Systems | Offshore wind turbine |
EP2176540B1 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2015-04-22 | KKR IP Limited Liability Company | Modular wind turbine and multi-turbine wind turbine |
GB2456786A (en) * | 2008-01-23 | 2009-07-29 | Pilot Drilling Control Ltd | Turbine cowling |
-
2010
- 2010-04-23 GB GBGB1006831.0A patent/GB201006831D0/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-05-14 GB GBGB1008096.8A patent/GB201008096D0/en not_active Ceased
-
2011
- 2011-04-26 WO PCT/EP2011/056554 patent/WO2011131792A2/en active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2016128005A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-18 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control system for wind turbine having multiple rotors arranged to control support arm orientation |
CN107407259A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2017-11-28 | 维斯塔斯风力系统集团公司 | It is arranged to control the control system for being used for the wind turbine with multiple rotors of branch gripping arm orientation |
US20180180022A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2018-06-28 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control system for wind turbine having multiple rotors arranged to control support arm orientation |
US10711764B2 (en) | 2015-02-12 | 2020-07-14 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Control system for wind turbine having multiple rotors arranged to control support arm orientation |
DE102015216931A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Permavit Gmbh | Method for operating a wind turbine |
WO2017037053A1 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-03-09 | Permavit Gmbh | Wind power installation |
DE102015216931B4 (en) * | 2015-09-03 | 2017-05-11 | Permavit Gmbh | Method for operating a wind turbine |
WO2018157897A1 (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2018-09-07 | Vestas Wind Systems A/S | Yaw system monitor for a multi-rotor wind turbine system |
CN113323794A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-08-31 | 信阳师范学院 | Automatic wind alignment device of horizontal axis wind turbine suitable for medium-low wind speed area |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2011131792A3 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
GB201006831D0 (en) | 2010-06-09 |
GB201008096D0 (en) | 2010-06-30 |
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