WO2011129671A2 - 영상 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법 - Google Patents
영상 부호화/복호화 장치 및 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011129671A2 WO2011129671A2 PCT/KR2011/002761 KR2011002761W WO2011129671A2 WO 2011129671 A2 WO2011129671 A2 WO 2011129671A2 KR 2011002761 W KR2011002761 W KR 2011002761W WO 2011129671 A2 WO2011129671 A2 WO 2011129671A2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
- H04N19/463—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process by compressing encoding parameters before transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/189—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding
- H04N19/196—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the adaptation method, adaptation tool or adaptation type used for the adaptive coding being specially adapted for the computation of encoding parameters, e.g. by averaging previously computed encoding parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/46—Embedding additional information in the video signal during the compression process
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an image encoding / decoding apparatus and method. More specifically, it is possible to efficiently encode the encoding information used to encode the image and to encode the image by selectively using various encoding methods, and correspondingly according to the encoded information and the encoding method encoded as described above.
- the present invention relates to an image encoding / decoding apparatus and method capable of improving the compression efficiency and the reconstruction efficiency of an image.
- Video data compression techniques include H.261, H.263, MPEG-2, and MPEG-4.
- the video compression standard encodes each image by dividing each image into macroblocks having a fixed size consisting of 16 ⁇ 16 pixels of a luminance component and a rectangular area of 8 ⁇ 8 pixels of each color difference component. All luminance and chrominance components of each macroblock are predicted spatially and temporally, and the prediction residual is transmitted by performing transform, quantization, and entropy coding.
- the block mode used in the existing video encoding apparatus encodes a flag indicating that the current encoding target block uses a predictive motion vector and has no transform coefficient to be encoded, and no further information is encoded.
- the block type information and the prediction information are encoded and the transform coefficient is encoded.
- the present invention is to improve the compression efficiency of the image by efficiently encoding the encoding information used to encode the image and to encode the image by selectively using various encoding methods and decoding methods. There is a main purpose.
- An image encoding / decoding apparatus for achieving the above object encodes split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and blocks block information and splitting.
- An image encoder for encoding at least one of transform type information of a block, coded block pattern (CBP) information, and delta quantization parameter information according to a combination of mode information, and encoding coefficient information of the block based on encoded information of the block; And block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding the bitstream is a skip mode, split mode information indicating whether a block is divided into subblocks, and block mode information and split mode information. And an image decoder for restoring the transform type information encoded according to the combination of the at least one and restoring the block based on the recovered information or decoding the bitstream.
- CBP coded block pattern
- An image encoding apparatus for achieving the above object encodes split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and blocks block information and the split mode.
- the encoding information encoder may generate the lowest node value in the macroblock based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and generate the highest node value of the tree structure based on the generated lowest node value.
- the encoding information encoder may select a transform type in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks for a macroblock, and use the same transform type as a transform type selected in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks for a subblock within the 16 ⁇ 16 pixel block.
- the encoding information encoder may select a transform type in blocks corresponding to 16x16 pixel blocks or more within a macroblock, and select a transform type in 16x16 pixel blocks for subblocks divided into blocks smaller than 16x16 pixel blocks. have.
- the encoding information encoder may omit the encoding of the transform type for blocks without transform coefficients.
- the encoding information encoder may omit the encoding of the transform type.
- an apparatus for encoding an image encodes split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and includes block mode information and split mode.
- the CBP information of the block may be a 1-bit flag indicating whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the block.
- the encoding information encoder may omit generation of a node value for the current block when information indicating that there is no transform coefficient to be encoded in the current block among the previously transmitted mode values or flags.
- the encoding information encoder may encode the CBP information when the block includes a non-zero transform coefficient.
- the encoding information encoder may generate a node value depending on whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the 4x4 transform or 8x8 pixelblock for the luminance component of the block.
- the encoding information encoder may generate a node value according to whether a non-zero transform coefficient is present in an 8x16 pixel block or a 16x8 pixel block with respect to an 8x16 transform or a 16x8 transform with respect to a luminance component of the block.
- the encoding information encoder may generate the lowest node value in the macroblock based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and generate the highest node value of the tree structure based on the generated lowest node value.
- an apparatus for encoding an image encodes split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and encodes block mode information and splitting.
- the encoding information encoder may generate the lowest node value in the macroblock based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and generate the highest node value of the tree structure based on the generated lowest node value.
- the encoding information encoder may encode delta quantization parameter information only for a 16x16 pixelblock or macroblock having a non-zero transform coefficient to be encoded in the macroblock.
- the encoding information encoder may convert the delta quantization parameter information into a predetermined code number and then encode the code number in a tree structure.
- the encoding information encoder may encode only the non-zero delta quantization parameter information after encoding the absolute value of the delta quantization parameter information.
- a block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding a bitstream is a skip mode, and a block is a subblock.
- a coded information decoder for reconstructing split mode information indicating whether or not to be divided into pieces, and transform type information encoded according to a combination of block mode information and split mode information; And an image decoder for restoring the block based on the information restored by the encoded information decoder or for decoding the bitstream.
- An image decoding apparatus for achieving the above object is block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding a bitstream is a skip mode, and a block is a subblock.
- a coded information decoder for reconstructing split mode information indicating whether or not to be divided into CBP information encoded according to a combination of block mode information and split mode information;
- an image decoder for restoring the block based on the information restored by the encoded information decoder or for decoding the bitstream.
- an image decoding apparatus for achieving the above object is block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding a bitstream is a skip mode, and a block is a sub A coded information decoder for reconstructing split mode information indicating whether to be divided into blocks and delta quantization parameter information encoded according to a combination of the block mode information and the split mode information; And an image decoder for restoring the block based on the information restored by the encoded information decoder or for decoding the bitstream.
- the video encoding / decoding method encodes split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and performs block mode information and split mode information. Encoding at least one of transform type information, CBP information, and delta quantization parameter information of the block according to the combination, and encoding coefficient information of the block based on the encoded information of the block; And block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding the bitstream is a skip mode, split mode information indicating whether a block is divided into subblocks, and block mode information and split mode information. Restoring the encoded transform type information according to a combination of the two and restoring the block based on the restored information or decoding the bitstream.
- a method of encoding an image encoding split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and combining block mode information and the split mode information.
- Encoding information encoding step of encoding transform type information of a block according to the encoding; And an image encoding step of encoding the coefficient information of the block based on the transform type information of the block.
- the lowest node value in the macroblock may be generated based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and the highest node value of the tree structure may be generated based on the generated lowest node value.
- a transform type may be selected in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks for a macroblock, and a transform type identical to the transform type selected in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks may be used for a subblock within the 16 ⁇ 16 pixel block.
- a transform type may be selected for a block of 16x16 pixel blocks or more within a macroblock, and a transform type may be selected for 16x16 pixel blocks for a subblock divided into blocks smaller than 16x16 pixel blocks. Can be.
- encoding of a transform type may be omitted for blocks without transform coefficients.
- encoding of the transform type may be omitted.
- Another embodiment of an image encoding method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to encode split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and block mode information and split mode.
- An encoding information encoding step of encoding the CBP information according to the combination of the information;
- the CBP information of the block may be a 1-bit flag indicating whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the block.
- the encoding information encoding step when information indicating that a transform coefficient to be encoded is not included in the current block among the previously transmitted mode values or flags, generation of node values for the current block may be omitted.
- the CBP information may be encoded when the block includes non-zero transform coefficients.
- the encoding information encoding step may generate a node value depending on whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the 4x4 transform or 8x8 pixelblock for the luminance component of the block.
- the encoding information encoding step may generate a node value according to whether a non-zero transform coefficient is present in an 8x16 pixel block or a 16x8 pixelblock for a 16x8 transform or a luminance component of the block.
- the lowest node value in the macroblock may be generated based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and the highest node value of the tree structure may be generated based on the generated lowest node value.
- Another embodiment of the image encoding method according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to encode split mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded in a macroblock is a skip mode, and block mode information and division An encoding information encoding step of encoding the delta quantization parameter information of the block according to the combination of the mode information; And an image encoding step of encoding coefficient information of the block based on the delta quantization parameter information of the block.
- the lowest node value in the macroblock may be generated based on the block mode information and the split mode information, and the highest node value of the tree structure may be generated based on the generated lowest node value.
- the delta quantization parameter information may be encoded only for a 16x16 pixelblock or a macroblock having a non-zero transform coefficient to be encoded in the macroblock.
- the delta quantization parameter information may be converted into a predetermined code number, and then the code number may be encoded in a tree structure.
- the absolute value of the delta quantization parameter information may be encoded, and then only the non-zero delta quantization parameter information may be encoded.
- a block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding a bitstream is a skip mode, and a block is a subblock.
- Another embodiment of an image decoding method for achieving the above object is block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded by decoding a bitstream is a skip mode, and the block is a subblock.
- the compression efficiency of an image can be improved by efficiently encoding encoding information used to encode an image and encoding an image by selectively using various encoding methods and decoding methods.
- the image reconstruction efficiency may be improved by adaptively decoding the image according to the encoding of the image.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a video encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the image encoder of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating macroblocks and subblocks for intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding of various sizes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is an exemplary view showing a number for each division type according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a syntax structure of a bitstream encoded according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are exemplary diagrams for describing a process of encoding split type information using a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining an example of a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining encoding and decoding of a transform type according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating an example of a lowest node value for a transform type value to be encoded.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating an example of the highest node value of FIG. 13.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tree structure of macroblock number 1 of FIG. 11.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tree structure of macroblock number 4 of FIG. 11.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tree structure of macroblock number 7 of FIG. 11.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating another example of a lowest node value for a transform type value to be encoded.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tree structure of macroblock number 4 shown in FIG. 18.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram illustrating an example of a tree structure of macroblock number 7 shown in FIG. 18.
- 21 is a flowchart illustrating a coding / decoding procedure of a CBPX flag and a CBP.
- 22 is a diagram illustrating an example of a selected block mode and a selected transform type in an encoder.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating an example of a lowest node value for a transmission unit of a CBP bit and a CBP bit value.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram illustrating an example of the most significant node value when a block corresponding to the 16x16 region of FIG. 23 is used as the most significant block.
- 25 is a diagram for explaining an example of delta quantization parameter coding.
- FIG. 26 is a diagram illustrating an example of converting a delta quantization parameter of FIG. 25 into a promised code number.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining a tree structure generation example of FIG. 26.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining another example of generating the tree structure of FIG. 26.
- 29 is a diagram for explaining another example of delta quantization parameter encoding.
- FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a case where an absolute value of the delta quantization parameter of FIG. 29 is taken.
- FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating a method of encoding a code of FIG. 29.
- 32 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram schematically illustrating the image decoder of FIG. 32.
- 34 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 35 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a video encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 36 is a flowchart illustrating a video encoding method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of an image decoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 38 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 39 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 40 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock B of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock C of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining another example of transform information encoding of subblock C of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock D of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- a video encoding apparatus (Video Encoding Apparatus) and a video decoding apparatus (Video Decoding Apparatus) according to an embodiment of the present invention to be described later, a personal computer (PC), a notebook computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), A portable multimedia player (PMP: Portable Multimedia Player), PlayStation Portable (PSP: PlayStation Portable), a wireless communication terminal (Wireless Communication Terminal), a smart phone (Smart Phone) and the like, to communicate with various devices or wired or wireless communication network It refers to various devices including a communication device such as a communication modem, a memory for storing various programs and data for encoding or decoding an image, and a microprocessor for executing and operating a program.
- a communication device such as a communication modem
- a memory for storing various programs and data for encoding or decoding an image
- a microprocessor for executing and operating a program.
- the image encoded in the bitstream by the video encoding apparatus is real-time or non-real-time through the wired or wireless communication network, such as the Internet, local area wireless communication network, wireless LAN network, WiBro network, mobile communication network, or the like, or a cable, universal serial bus (USB: Universal)
- the image decoding apparatus may be transmitted to a video decoding apparatus through a communication interface such as a serial bus, decoded by the video decoding apparatus, reconstructed, and played back.
- the input image is divided, encoded, and decoded in units of macroblocks, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. It may be divided into an atypical region and encoded and decoded in the divided region unit.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a video encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 may be configured to include an encoding information encoder 110 and an image encoder 200.
- the encoding information encoder 110 divides the block mode information indicating whether the block mode of the block to be encoded is a skip mode and the block is divided into subblocks. Encoding the partition mode information indicating whether the information is determined, and encoding skip motion information of the block according to a combination of the block mode information and the partition mode information, or block type information of the block. Prediction Encoding Information including Pd and Prediction Information is encoded.
- encoding information refers to additional information used to encode pixel information, not pixel information itself, when encoding pixel information of an image in block units.
- coded information may include block mode information, split mode information, skip motion information, block type information, prediction information, predictive coding information, transform type information, coded block pattern (CBP), and the like.
- Information such as a delta quantization parameter, skip type information, and the like may be used.
- the block mode information refers to information indicating whether a block mode of a block is a skip mode.
- the block mode is a mode indicating whether a block is skipped without being encoded or encoded without being skipped.
- the block mode may be represented by two modes, a skip mode and a non-skip mode.
- Such block mode information may be embodied as a skip block flag, for example, a 1-bit flag indicating whether the block mode of the block is the skip mode or the non-skip mode, but is not necessarily limited thereto. It may be implemented.
- the skip mode refers to a mode in which specific information such as block type information, motion information, or transform coefficients is not encoded.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 may encode only the information indicating the skip mode, and may not encode other block types, motion information, and transform coefficients. .
- the skip mode may be a mode in which only motion information of a block is encoded and information such as type information and transform coefficient is not encoded.
- the skip mode may be a mode in which only a transform type and a transform coefficient of a block are encoded and type information and motion information are not encoded.
- information that is not transmitted in the skip mode for each block size may be different. For example, when the 64x64 block is in the skip mode, only the transform coefficient may be encoded. When the 16x16 block is in the skip mode, only motion information may be encoded.
- Split mode information refers to information indicating whether a block is divided into smaller subblocks.
- the macroblock of 64x64 pixel size has two 64x32 pixel size. It can be divided into subblocks of various sizes and numbers such as subblocks, one 64x32 pixel subblock, two 32x32 pixel subblocks, four 32x32 pixel subblocks, and the like.
- the mode information indicates whether the macroblock is divided into subblocks and encoded.
- partition mode information may be implemented as, for example, a partition flag, which is a 1-bit flag indicating whether a block is divided into subblocks or not, but is not necessarily limited thereto. It may be.
- split mode information refers to information indicating whether a block is split into smaller subblocks of a specific size.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 uses 64x64 pixels through a 1-bit flag indicating whether the block is divided into 16x16 blocks.
- a macroblock of size may be divided into 16 16x16 blocks, and may be divided into smaller subblocks for each 16x16 block, and may be encoded through information (divided type) indicating the shape of the subblock.
- the skip motion information includes a motion vector determined by motion estimation of the block or the difference vector between the motion vector of the block and the predicted motion vector of the block and / or the reference picture. Refers to the index. That is, when the block mode of the block is the skip mode, the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes skip motion information without encoding coefficient information of the block, and restores and restores skip motion information in the image decoding apparatus to be described later. The block is restored by compensating for the motion of the block by using skip motion information.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 determines a motion determined by motion estimation on the block. Only the difference vector between the vector itself or the motion vector of the block and the predictive motion vector of the block is encoded, and the reference picture index and the motion information of the block are not encoded.
- the image decoding apparatus to be described later reconstructs only the determined motion vector itself or the difference vector between the motion vector of the corresponding block and the predicted motion vector of the block, and uses a reference picture index of 0 (that is, uses a picture previously reconstructed as the reference picture). The block is restored by compensating for the motion.
- the skip mode when determining the predicted motion vector of the block to be encoded, when at least one of the motion vector of the upper block and the left block of the current block to be encoded is a zero vector, that is, ⁇ 0 , 0 ⁇ ), a zero vector may be used as a predicted motion vector. Otherwise, the median of the motion vectors of the upper, left, and upper-right blocks is used as the predicted motion vector.
- the prediction motion vector when the current decoding target block is the skip mode, when the prediction motion vector is determined, when the motion vector of the upper or left block is ⁇ 0,0 ⁇ , the ⁇ 0,0 ⁇ vector is used as the prediction motion vector and then restored. The block is recovered by performing motion compensation by restoring the difference vector.
- another prediction motion vector for each block size may be used.
- the median vector is used as a predictive motion vector regardless of the vector value of the upper block and the left block of the current encoding target block, and for the 16x16 block, the upper block or the left block of the current encoding target block. If the vector of is (0,0), the zero-vector is used as the predictive vector. Otherwise, the median vector of three motion vectors of the left block, the upper block, and the upper-left block is used as the predictive motion vector. (In the case of the opposite, too)
- the block type information refers to information indicating whether a corresponding block is an inter block or an intra block and a division type of a subblock of the corresponding block.
- such block type information may be encoded in units of macroblocks, and the 1-bit block type flag indicating whether the macroblock is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and a subblock of the block. It may be implemented by including partition type information indicating a partition type.
- the block type flag may indicate whether the corresponding block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock as binary bits of 1 or 0.
- the partition type information may be represented by a partition type number of a subblock.
- the block type information may be encoded in a 16x16 size unit, and when the current 16x16 block is an intra block, it indicates that all subblocks in the current block are in intra mode.
- the block type information includes a block type flag of 1 bit indicating whether the block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock, partition type information indicating a partition type of a subblock of the block, and a block mode of the subblock. It may be implemented by including a 1-bit skip subblock flag indicating whether the skip mode.
- the skip subblock flag indicates whether each subblock of the corresponding block is in a skip mode, and when a subblock is in a skip mode, it indicates that the subblock is skipped without being encoded. That is, when a subblock is a skip mode among subblocks of a block to be encoded, motion information or coefficient information is not encoded for the subblock.
- the block type information may be implemented as a block type number assigned to a plurality of available block types based on whether the corresponding block is an inter block or an intra block and a partition type of a subblock of the corresponding block.
- the block type information may indicate a block type of a block to be encoded according to split mode information or may indicate a block type of each subblock of a block to be encoded.
- the split type information indicates whether the block to be encoded is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and the split type of the block (ie If the split mode information indicates that a block to be encoded is divided into subblocks, the split type information indicates whether each subblock of the block to be encoded is an interblock or an intrablock. And the partition type of the subblocks of the corresponding block.
- the prediction information refers to information used for prediction when predicting and encoding a block to be encoded or each subblock of the block.
- Such prediction information may be information about an intra prediction mode for intra prediction encoding, information about a motion vector for inter prediction encoding, information about a reference picture index, and the like.
- Transform type information refers to information on a transform unit that performs transform and quantization when transforming and quantizing a block to be encoded or each subblock of the corresponding block. For example, when a block of 64x64 pixel size is no longer partitioned and encoded and 16x16 transform is determined to be efficient, information indicating that 16x16 transform is used may be encoded as transform type information.
- the coded block pattern refers to information indicating whether a block to be encoded or the coefficients of each subblock of the corresponding block are all zero, and the delta quantization parameter indicates a quantization parameter for the block to be encoded or each subblock of the corresponding block. Say information.
- the above-described block mode information, split mode information, block type information, prediction information, split type information, coded block pattern, and delta quantization parameter may be determined by the encoding information encoder 110 by analyzing an input image.
- the 200 may analyze and determine the input image.
- the image encoder 200 encodes coefficient information of a block based on block type information and prediction information of the block. For example, the image encoder 200 indicates that the block mode information indicates that the block mode of the block to be encoded is not the skip mode, and the block type information indicates that the block is divided into subblocks of various shapes and sizes. In accordance with the prediction information for each subblock, intra-prediction encoding or inter-prediction encoding of each subblock is performed to encode coefficient information of the corresponding block.
- the coefficient information refers to information about quantized transform coefficients generated by predicting a luminance component and / or a chrominance component of a block to be encoded in the image, and transforming and quantizing the residual block. Texture data).
- the image encoder 200 may include a predictor 210, a subtracter 220, a transformer and quantizer 230, an encoder 240, and inverse quantization. And an inverse transformer and inverse quantizer 250, an adder 260, a filter 270, and a picture buffer 280.
- the predictor 210 may be configured to include an intra predictor 212 and an inter predictor 214, and the inter predictor 214 may again move with a motion estimator 216. It may be configured to include a motion compensator (218).
- An input picture consisting of one picture or frame of a video is divided into macroblocks having NxN (where N is an integer greater than or equal to 16) pixels, and each of the divided macroblocks is encoded in the image of FIG. Input to device 100.
- the macroblock is a luminance block having NxN pixels and a chrominance block having two (M / 2) x (N / 2) pixels ( Chrominance Block).
- the macroblock includes not only 16x16 pixel blocks but also 32x32 pixel blocks, 64x64 pixel blocks, and the like, and macroblocks larger than 16x16 pixel blocks are also called extended macroblocks.
- Each macroblock may be divided into smaller subblocks as shown in FIG. 3 to perform intra prediction encoding or inter prediction encoding.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary diagram illustrating macroblocks for intra prediction encoding and inter prediction encoding and subblocks of various sizes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the subblocks 64x64 pixel blocks, 64x32 pixel blocks, 32x64 pixel blocks, 32x32 pixel blocks belong to the macroblock layer 0
- the subblocks 32x32 pixel blocks, 32x16 pixel blocks, The 16x32 pixel block and the 16x16 pixel block belong to macroblock layer 1.
- the subblocks of the macroblock layer K + 1 may be used only when the largest subblock of the subblocks of the macroblock layer K (where 0 ⁇ K ⁇ log 2 (N / 4)) is divided into four blocks. have.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 may calculate encoding efficiency when the macroblock is encoded into each subblock, and determine the subblock when the highest encoding efficiency is the final intra prediction block or the inter prediction block. Coding efficiency may be measured based on a rate-distortion optimization (RDO) technique.
- RDO rate-distortion optimization
- the size of the minimum block may be determined according to the maximum layer value MaxLayer, which is the maximum usable layer value. For example, in the case of a macroblock of N ⁇ N pixels, the size of the minimum block may be determined as N / (2 MaxLayer ).
- FIG. 4 is an exemplary view showing a number for each division type according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the partition type number 0 is assigned to the N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K pixel blocks of macroblock layer K. Is assigned. If the N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K pixel block of macroblock layer K is divided into two N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K + 1 pixel blocks, N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 of macroblock layer K The division type number 1 is assigned to the K pixel block.
- N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K pixel block of macroblock layer K is divided into two N / 2 K + 1 ⁇ N / 2 K pixel blocks, N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 of macroblock layer K
- the division type number 2 is assigned to the K pixel block.
- the macroblock layer K of the N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K pixel block is 4 N / 2 K + 1 ⁇ N / 2 when divided into K + 1, the macroblock layer K N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2
- the division type number 3 is assigned to the K pixel block.
- numbers such as 0, 1, 2, and 3 indicated in the divided subblocks in the N / 2 K ⁇ N / 2 K pixel blocks of each macroblock layer K indicate a partition number for identifying each subblock. )to be.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an image encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be encoded of an image is a skip mode (S510). That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 determines whether to encode coefficient information of a block to be encoded or to encode only motion information of a block without encoding coefficient information of the block, and when only encoding motion information of a block. Encoding block mode information indicating that is a skip mode, and when encoding not only the motion information of the block but also the coefficient information of the block, the block mode information indicating that the block mode is not the skip mode is encoded.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes split mode information indicating whether a corresponding block is divided into subblocks (S520). That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 determines whether to encode a block to be encoded into smaller subblocks to encode each subblock or to encode the block without dividing the block into smaller subblocks, and then divide the block into smaller subblocks. When encoding without partitioning, encoding is performed on split mode information indicating that a block is not divided into subblocks. When splitting and encoding a block into smaller subblocks, encoding is performed on split mode information indicating that a block is divided into subblocks. .
- a block to be encoded is a macroblock having a size of 64x64 pixels
- the image encoding apparatus 100 divides a macroblock having a size of 64x64 pixels into subblocks having a size of 16x16 pixels and encodes or encodes without subdivision. Is determined, and the split mode information is encoded accordingly.
- each 16x16 block may be divided into smaller sized subblocks, and the block type is encoded and transmitted to the decoder.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes skip motion information of a block according to a combination of block mode information and split mode information, or encodes predictive encoding information including block type information of a block and prediction information of the block (S530).
- the coefficient information of the block is encoded based on the type information and the prediction information (S540). That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 may block according to each case in which the block mode information combines whether the block mode of the block to be encoded is the skip mode and whether the split mode information indicates that the block is divided into subblocks. Encodes in different ways.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 may encode a skip motion vector for the block. have. That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 performs motion estimation on a block to be encoded in units of 64x64 pixels to find a reference block, which is the block most similar to the block to be encoded, in the reference picture, and to find a relative position between the reference block and the block to be encoded.
- a motion vector indicating is determined as a skip motion vector
- a reference picture index indicating a reference picture including a reference block is determined as a skip reference picture index
- skip motion information including a skip motion vector and a skip reference picture index is encoded.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 skips the motion vector for the subblock of the block to be encoded. Can be encoded. That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 performs motion estimation for each subblock of the block to be encoded in units of 16x16 pixels to find a reference subblock in the reference picture, which is the block most similar to each subblock of the block to be encoded, in the reference picture.
- a motion vector indicating a relative position of a block and each subblock of a block to be encoded is determined as a skip motion vector, and a reference picture index indicating a reference picture including a reference subblock is determined as a skip reference picture index.
- the skip motion information including the skip reference picture index is encoded. Therefore, when the block mode information indicates that the block mode of the block is the skip mode and the split mode information indicates that the block is divided into subblocks, the skip motion information is encoded by the number of each subblock.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 corresponds to a block to be encoded.
- the predictive encoding information including the block type information and the prediction information about each other may be encoded. That is, the image encoding apparatus 100 performs motion estimation on a block to be encoded in units of 64x64 pixels to find a reference block, which is the block most similar to the block to be encoded, in the reference picture, and to find a relative position between the reference block and the block to be encoded.
- Coefficient information obtained by transforming and quantizing the block is encoded, and block type information and prediction information used for predictive encoding are also encoded.
- the block for the subblock of the block Predictive encoding information including type information and prediction information may be encoded. That is, when the block type of the subblock of the block to be encoded is an interblock, the video encoding apparatus 100 may be divided into subblocks of 16x16, 16x8, 8x16, and 8x8 sizes. When a 16x16 block is divided into four 8x8 subblocks, each 8x8 block may be divided into 8x8, 8x4, 8x4, and 4x4 smaller subblocks within the 8x8 block.
- a motion vector indicating the relative position of the reference subblock and each subblock of the block to be encoded in the reference picture by finding a reference subblock that is the block most similar to each subblock of the block to be encoded by motion estimation in units of the size of the subblock
- a predicted subblock generated by determining a reference picture index indicating a reference picture including a reference subblock, and compensating for the motion of each subblock of a block to be encoded based on the determined motion vector for each subblock;
- Coefficient information obtained by transforming and quantizing a residual subblock, which is a difference between subblocks of a block to be encoded, is encoded, and prediction encoding information such as block type information and prediction information used for prediction encoding is also encoded.
- the intra prediction mode of the corresponding subblock is determined, and the coefficient information and the predictive encoding information are encoded by predictive encoding based on the determined intra prediction mode. Therefore, when the block mode information indicates that the block mode of the block is not the skip mode and the split mode information indicates that the block is not divided into subblocks, the coefficient information and the predictive encoding information are encoded by the number of each subblock.
- the block type information may be a block type number assigned to a plurality of available block types based on whether the block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and a partition type of a subblock of the block.
- the predictive encoding information may further include one or more of transform type information for the subblock, an encoded block pattern for the subblock, and a delta quantization parameter for the subblock.
- the block type information may include a block type flag indicating whether a block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and partition type information indicating a partition type of a subblock of a block.
- the block type information indicates whether the block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock.
- a skip subblock flag indicating whether the block mode of the subblock is the skip mode may be further included. That is, when the block mode of the block to be encoded is not the skip mode and the corresponding block is divided into subblocks, the image encoding apparatus 100 does not necessarily have to encode coefficient information and prediction encoding information for each subblock. When the block mode of any subblock is the skip mode, only the skip subblock flag may be encoded.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 may encode the split type information using a tree structure.
- the apparatus 100 for encoding an image may be configured to group a plurality of subblocks in a predetermined area unit and to allocate a minimum value of a split type value of subblocks included in the grouped area as a split type value for the grouped area. Is repeated for each layer up to the top layer, and the split type information may be encoded by encoding a difference value between the split type value for the region grouped by the layer and the split type value for the grouped region of the upper layer.
- a method of encoding split type information by the image encoding apparatus 100 will be described in detail later with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- FIG. 6 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a syntax structure of a bitstream encoded according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a bitstream having a syntax structure as shown in FIG. 6 may be generated.
- . 6 shows a bitstream for a block to be encoded.
- the bitstream generated by encoding the block may include a block mode information field, a split mode information field, and a skip motion information field.
- Data encoded with block mode information is allocated to the block mode information field
- data encoded with partition mode information is allocated to the split mode information field
- data encoded with skip motion information is assigned to the skip motion information field.
- the block mode is the skip mode
- the coefficient information of the block is not encoded and motion estimation is performed on the block.
- skip motion information which is information about the motion determined by performing, is encoded and assigned to the skip motion information field.
- motion information determined by motion estimation for the corresponding block is encoded as skip motion information
- each sub of the corresponding block is represented.
- Motion information for each subblock determined by motion estimation for the block is encoded as skip motion information and assigned to the skip motion information field.
- the bitstream generated by encoding the block includes a block mode information field, a split mode information field, a block type information field, a prediction information field, a CBP subblock flag field, and a transform. It may be configured to include a type information field, a CBP field, a delta QP field and a coefficient information field.
- the CBP subblock flag field, the conversion type information field, the CBP field, and the delta QP field are not necessarily included in the bitstream, and some or all of them may be optionally included in the bitstream.
- Data encoded with block mode information is allocated to the block mode information field, and data encoded with partition mode information is allocated to the split mode information field.
- the block mode is not the skip mode
- coefficient information of the block is encoded in both the partition mode of the corresponding block identified by the partition mode information and the partition mode of the block.
- the predictive encoding information which is various information used for encoding the coefficient information, is encoded in the bitstream.
- Such prediction encoding information may include block type information and prediction information, but may further include CBP subblock flags, transform type information, CBP, delta QP, and the like.
- the predictive encoding information is encoded only for the corresponding block and assigned to each field, and the split mode information indicates that the corresponding block is divided into subblocks.
- the information is encoded for each subblock of the block and assigned to each field.
- the coefficient information field data obtained by encoding coefficient information about the block or subblocks of the block is allocated.
- FIG. 7 and 8 are exemplary diagrams for describing a process of encoding split type information using a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- split type values of respective subblocks of a block to be encoded are grouped into a predetermined region and represented as split type values for each layer.
- Mx (a, b) represents a partition type value of a subblock corresponding to the position of (a, b) in a block to be encoded. That is, Mx (0,0) is the division of the subblock corresponding to the position of (0,0) in the block to be encoded (that is, the first subblock in the raster scan direction in the block to be encoded). Represents a type value, and Mx (0,1) is a partition type of a subblock corresponding to the position of (0,1) in the block to be encoded (that is, the second subblock in the raster scan direction within the block to be encoded). Indicates a value.
- Group the partition type values of the subblocks shown in 7A in a constant region unit for example, a constant region unit including two or more subblocks
- select the minimum value of the partition type values of the subblocks included in the grouped region Assigns the partition type values for the grouped areas.
- FIG. 7B shows a result of grouping the partition type values of the subblocks shown in 7A and assigning a minimum value to the partition type value for the grouped region.
- an area including subblocks (0,0), (0,1), (1,0), and (1,1) shown in 7A is set and grouped in a predetermined area unit, and within the grouped area M, an area grouped by selecting the minimum value among the partition type values M X (0,0), M X (0,1), M X (1,0), and M X (1,1) of each included subblock A division type value of X ⁇ 1 (0,0) was assigned.
- the area including the subblocks (0, 2), (0, 3), (1, 2), and (1, 3) is set in a predetermined area unit and grouped, and each subblock included in the grouped area is grouped. of division type value M X (0,2), M X (0,3), M X (1,2), M X (1,3) in the region of the grouping by selecting a minimum value M -1 X (0 It is assigned with a split type value of, 1). In this manner, the same process is performed on the remaining subblocks.
- the process of allocating the partition type values of the subblocks shown in 7A to the partition type values of the grouped regions shown in 7B is performed by M X -2 , M X -3 . Repeatedly performing up to M 1 layer can assign the partition type value of the grouped area like 7C, and repeating up to M 0 layer again grouped to have the split type value of one grouped area like 7D. can do.
- a predetermined area unit is set to an area including four subblocks adjacent to each other.
- Subblocks may be grouped and assigned a partition type value in various ways such as an area including blocks.
- partition type value of subblocks of a block to be encoded when assigned as a partition type value of a grouped region may be represented as a tree structure as illustrated in FIG. 8.
- the node values of the tree structure illustrated in FIG. 8 may be encoded by encoding a difference value with a node value of an upper node. have.
- a method of encoding a difference value between node values and a node value of an upper node encodes binary bit 0 by the difference value and encodes binary bit 1 at the end. If the difference between the node value of the node to be currently encoded and the node value of the higher node is 0, binary bit 1 is encoded.
- an arithmetic encoding method may be used. In this case, a different context may be used for each layer.
- the node value (hereinafter, referred to as 'top node value') of the top node may be encoded as in the following three examples.
- the highest node value may be encoded by encoding a difference value with 0 using binary bits of 0 and 1 as described above.
- the highest node value is the difference between the largest partition type number and 0. It can be encoded by encoding using binary bits.
- the highest node value is a difference between the smallest partition type number and 0 and 1. It can be encoded by encoding using binary bits of.
- the remaining node values except the highest node may be encoded by encoding the difference between the node value of the node to be encoded and the node value of the upper node of the corresponding node using binary bits 0 and 1.
- each node value may be encoded by encoding the number of binary bits 0 as much as the difference value, and finally encoding the binary bit 1. If the difference between the node value of the node to be encoded and the node value of the higher node is 0, binary bit 1 is encoded.
- each node value may be encoded by encoding as many binary bits 1 as the difference value and encoding binary bit 0 at the end, and when the difference value is 0, the binary bit 0 may be encoded. .
- the node values of the lower nodes of the upper node are not encoded. For example, if the node value of node M 1 (0,0) is 3, M 2 (0,0), M 2 (0,1), and M 2 which are subordinate nodes of node M 1 (0,0) The node values of the (1,0) and M 2 (1,1) nodes are not encoded.
- M 1 (0,0) is the minimum of M 2 (0,0), M 2 (0,1), M 2 (1,0), and M 2 (1,1), so M 2 (0,0) ), M 2 (0,1), M 2 (1,0), and M 2 (1,1) all have a value of 3 or more.
- M 2 (0,0) since the maximum value of the split type value is 3, M 2 (0,0), M 2 (0,1), M 2 (1,0), and M 2 (1,1) are different from 3. There is no need to encode it because it cannot have a value.
- the node value of the node to be encoded is the maximum value that the partition type number can have, only the number of binary bits 0 as many as the difference value is encoded. Do not encode binary bit 1 at the end.
- the values M 2 (0,1) and M 2 (1,0) encode 00, not binary bit 001.
- the node value of the last node is not encoded when the node values of the nodes except the last node are all larger than the node value of the upper node.
- the remaining node values except for the top node may be encoded by encoding the difference between the node value of the node to be encoded and the node value of the upper node of the corresponding node using binary bits 0 and 1 as described above.
- it may be encoded by encoding a difference value between the node value of each node and the partition type value having the highest frequency of occurrence of the partition type.
- the split type value with the highest frequency here may use a fixed value or may not be fixed. If it is not fixed, it may be encoded and transmitted to the decoder or may not be transmitted.
- the mode with the highest frequency of occurrence can be used by accumulating the statistics of the blocks encoded in the above.
- Another embodiment of encoding the partition type information by using the tree structure is the partition type value of the subblocks shown in 7A.
- the partition type values of the grouped regions of 7B are determined by grouping them, when a large number of partition types is set in order of high frequency, the maximum value of the grouped regions may be used as the partition type value of the grouped regions.
- FIG. 9 and 10 are diagrams for explaining an example of a tree structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- subdivision type values of subblocks corresponding to positions (a, b) in a block to be encoded are ⁇ 0, 2, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2 in the raster scan direction.
- 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 2, 1, 1 ⁇ the partition type values of the respective subblocks may be grouped into four adjacent subblock units. In this case, the rest of the rightmost side or the bottom end can be grouped with the rest even if not four subblocks.
- the first group is ⁇ 0, 2, 2, 2 ⁇ in the raster scan direction, and the second group is ⁇ 1, 2, 0, 1 ⁇
- the third group may be ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇
- the fourth group may be ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇
- the fifth group is ⁇ 2, 1 ⁇
- the sixth group may be ⁇ 1 ⁇ . If the minimum value of the partition type value of the subblocks included in each group is selected and assigned as the partition type value for the grouped region, as shown in FIG. 9 (b), ⁇ 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1 ⁇ .
- Such partition type values can be grouped into four adjacent partition type values as in the case of (a).
- Encoding of the transform type first generates the lowest node according to the mode of the block.
- the node may not be created when the block mode is the skip mode.
- the lowest node is created according to the selection of the conversion type.
- the unit for selecting a transform type or the method is encoded and transmitted so that the encoder and the decoder operate in the same method.
- a transform type may be selected and encoded in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks with respect to a macroblock.
- subblocks in the 16x16 pixel block may use the same type of transform. That is, even in a block larger than 16x16 pixel blocks, a conversion type may be selected in units of 16x16 blocks, and a conversion type may be transmitted for each 16x16 pixel block in which the CBP16 flag is not 0.
- the transform type may be selected and encoded.
- the fixed transform for example, 4x4 pixels
- Block may not be encoded.
- the transform type may be selected in units of blocks, and when the block is divided into blocks smaller than 16x16, the transform type may be selected and encoded in units of 16x16 blocks.
- the encoding of the transform type may use fixed Table 1 regardless of the number of transforms that can be selected for each transform type, and may use Table 2 according to the number of selectable transforms.
- FIG. 11 and 12 are diagrams for explaining encoding and decoding of a transform type according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 shows a transform type selected in units of corresponding blocks for blocks of 16x16 or larger and smaller than 16x16 pixel blocks. In the case of division into blocks, macroblock numbers in the case of selecting a conversion type in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks are illustrated.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating respective block modes and selected conversion types of FIG. 11.
- 4x4 transform is used and the transform type is encoded according to Table 1 regardless of the number of transforms that can be selected for each transform type.
- macroblock number 0 is a skip mode.
- macroblock number 1 includes blocks using the CBP16 flag 0 and blocks using 8x8 transform
- macroblock number 2 includes blocks using the CBP16 flag 0 and blocks using the 4x4 transform.
- Macroblock number 3 uses a 16x16 transform with a CBP32 flag of 1
- macroblock number 4 includes blocks using a 16x8 transform, blocks using a 16x16 transform and blocks using an 8x16 transform. In this case, since the remaining blocks of macroblock number 4 are divided into blocks smaller than 8x8 pixel blocks, a fixed 4x4 transform is used. In this case, the transform type may not be encoded.
- Macroblock number 5 also includes blocks that use 4x4 transform and blocks that are smaller than 8x8 pixelblocks. In this case, blocks divided into blocks smaller than 8x8 pixel blocks use a fixed 4x4 transform and thus may not encode a transform type.
- Macroblock number 6 indicates that the CBP32 flag selects and encodes a 4x4 transform as 1, and macroblock number 7 includes a block using an 8x8 transform, a block using a 4x4 transform, and a block in skip mode. Further, macroblock number 8 includes blocks using 4x4 transform and blocks using fixed 4x4 transform divided into blocks smaller than 8x8 pixelblocks. In FIG. 12, blocks that do not encode a transform type are displayed separately.
- the hatched blocks are either SKIP blocks or blocks with the CBPX flag of 0, indicating blocks without transform coefficients.
- Blocks separated by cross grids are blocks that use fixed transforms. As it is known, it represents a block that does not need to send the transform type.
- Applying Table 1 to the selected transform type for each block in FIG. 12 may indicate the lowest node value as shown in FIG. 13. Selecting the minimum value from the node values of each block shown in FIG. An upper node as shown in FIG. 14 can be obtained.
- macroblock number 0 has no encoding bit of the transform type. Since the lowest node value is ⁇ 1, 1, 1 ⁇ as shown in FIG. 15, the macroblock number 1 allocates the minimum value 1 as the highest node value, encodes the coded bit 01 representing the difference between the highest node value 1 and 0, and then places the lowest value. The bit encodes encoding bit 111 representing a difference value from the most significant node value 1.
- Macroblock number 2 encodes a difference between transform type values 0 and 0 of the second 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock since there is only one node. In this case, the coding bit may be represented by one.
- Macroblock No. 3 encodes a difference between transform type values 2 and 0 of a 32x32 block because the block type is a 32x32 pixel block. In this case, the encoding bit may be represented by 00.
- Macroblock number 4 uses a fixed transform type (e.g., 4x4 transform) since the third 16x16 block in the macroblock is divided into subblocks smaller than 8x8 pixels, and thus it is not necessary to encode the transform type.
- a node corresponding to the third 16x16 block is not generated, and a node is generated only for the other three 16x16 pixel blocks, and only a difference value between the highest node values 2 and 0 is encoded. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the minimum node value is selected from the lowest node value ⁇ 2, 2, 2 ⁇ , and the encoding bit for the difference between the highest node value 2 and 0 encodes 00.
- Macroblock number 5 uses a fixed transform type (4x4 transform) because the second 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock is divided into subblocks smaller than 8x8 pixelblocks, and does not need to encode the transform type. Therefore, a node corresponding to the second 16x16 pixelblock is not generated.
- the difference between the transform type value 0 and 0 of the first 16x16 pixelblock is encoded.
- the coding bit may be represented by one.
- macroblock number 6 has only one node, the difference value between 0 and 0 of the transform type value of the second 16x16 block in the macroblock is encoded.
- the coding bit may be represented by one.
- Macroblock number 7 does not create nodes for the first 16x16 pixel block and the third 16x16 pixel block in the macroblock. As shown in FIG.
- Applying Table 2 to the selected transform type for each block of FIG. 12 may indicate the lowest node value as shown in FIG. 18. Even in this case, blocks that do not encode a transform type are displayed separately.
- macroblock number 0 has no encoding bit of the transform type. Since the lowest node value is ⁇ 2, 2, 2 ⁇ as shown in FIG. 15, the macroblock number 1 allocates the minimum value 2 as the highest node value, and encodes a coded bit 00 indicating a difference value between the highest node value 2 and zero.
- Macroblock number 2 encodes a difference between transform type values 0 and 0 of the second 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock since there is only one node. In this case, the coding bit may be represented by one.
- Macroblock No. 3 encodes the difference between transform type values 1 and 0 of the 32x32 block since the block type is a 32x32 pixel block. In this case, the encoding bit may be represented by 01.
- Macroblock number 4 uses a fixed transform type (e.g., 4x4 transform) since the third 16x16 block in the macroblock is divided into subblocks smaller than 8x8 pixels, and thus it is not necessary to encode the transform type. Therefore, a node corresponding to the third 16x16 block is not generated, and nodes are generated only for the other three 16x16 pixel blocks, and only the difference between the highest node values 1 and 0 is encoded. That is, as shown in FIG. 19, the lowest node value ⁇ 1, 1, 1 ⁇ is selected from the lowest node value, and the encoding bit 01 for the difference value between the highest node value 1 and 0 is encoded. In this case, 111 may be encoded by encoding bits representing a lowest node value.
- 4x4 transform e.g., 4x4 transform
- Macroblock number 5 uses a fixed transform type (4x4 transform) because the second 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock is divided into subblocks smaller than 8x8 pixelblocks, and does not need to encode the transform type. Therefore, a node corresponding to the second 16x16 pixelblock is not generated. In this case, since there is only one node, the encoding bit representing the difference between the transform type value 0 and 0 of the first 16x16 pixelblock encodes 1. Since macroblock number 6 has only one node, encoding bit 1 representing a difference between transform type values 0 and 0 of the second 16x16 block in the macroblock is encoded.
- Macroblock number 7 does not create nodes for the first 16x16 pixelblock and the third 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock.
- the lowest node value is ⁇ 2, 0 ⁇ , so the highest node values 0 and 0 Encoded bit 1 indicating a difference value of is encoded, and encoded bit 00 indicating a difference value between the transform type value 2 of the second 16x16 pixel block and the most significant node value is encoded.
- the transform type value of the fourth 16x16 pixelblock may not be encoded. Since macroblock number 8 has only one node, encoding bit 1 representing a difference value between 0 and a transform type value 0 of the first 16x16 pixelblock in the macroblock is encoded.
- 21 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a process of encoding a CBPX_flag and a CBP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- 21 illustrates an example of a process of encoding a CBPX_flag and a CBP for an intra macroblock when the macroblock is a 64x64 pixel block.
- the encoding information encoder 110 determines whether the size of the subblock of the macroblock is one of 64x64, 64x32, and 32x64 (S2110). If the size of the subblock is not one of 64x64, 64x32, and 32x64, It is determined whether the size is one of 32x32, 32x16, and 16x32.
- step S2110 when intra prediction is performed by dividing the macroblock into units of 16x16 pixels, in step S2110, it is determined whether the size of the subblock is a 64x64 pixel block, that is, whether intra prediction coding is performed in units of macroblocks. When the size of the subblock is not a 64x64 pixel block, it may be determined whether the size of the subblock is a 32x32 pixel block. As a result of the determination in step S2120, when the size of the subblock is one of 32x32, 32x16, and 16x32 or 32x32 pixel block, it is determined whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the subblock (S2130).
- the CBP32 flag (for example, may be represented by 1 bit such as '1') indicating that there is a non-zero coefficient to be coded in the corresponding subblock is encoded (S2140), and the 16x16 pixel block in the subblock is encoded. If the CBP is encoded as a unit (S2150), and there is no non-zero transform coefficient in the subblock, a CBP32 flag indicating that there is no non-zero transform coefficient in the subblock (for example, 1 bit such as '0') It may be encoded (S2160).
- the CBP64 flag is a flag indicating the presence or absence of a coefficient to be encoded that is not zero in a 64x64 pixel block.
- the CBP32 flag is a flag indicating the presence or absence of a non-zero coefficient to be encoded in a 32x32 pixel block.
- Such a CBPX flag indicates whether the luminance component blocks have a non-zero transformation coefficient since the transform type does not need to be transmitted when the residual block of the luminance component does not have a nonzero transformation coefficient. Used to.
- the CBP is encoded in units of 16x16 pixel blocks, and indicates whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient for each 8x8 pixel block in the 16x16 pixel block using 1 bit per 8x8 pixel block, and two 2x2 chrominance component DC blocks for the color difference component. Indicates whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient using 1 bit, and indicates whether there are non-zero transform coefficients in two 8x8 color difference component AC blocks using 1 bit.
- step S2120 if the size of the subblock is not one of 32x32, 32x16 and 16x32 or is not a 32x32 pixel block, the process proceeds to step S2150 to encode the CBP.
- the size of the sub block when the size of the sub block is not a 32x32, 32x16, or 16x32 pixel block, it may be determined whether the size of the subblock is a 16x16, 16x8, or 8x16 pixel block. If the subblock is a 16x16, 16x8, or 8x16 pixel block, if there is a non-zero coding coefficient in the subblock, the CBP16 flag (for example, may be represented by 1 bit such as '1') is encoded. In other cases, the CBP may be encoded in units of 16 ⁇ 16 pixel blocks without using the CBP flag.
- step S2110 if the size of the subblock is one of 64x64, 64x32, and 32x64 or is a 64x64 pixel block, it is determined whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in the subblock (S2170), and the non-zero transform in the subblock. If there is a coefficient, a CBP64 flag (for example, may be represented by 1 bit such as '1') indicating that there is a non-zero transform coefficient is encoded (S2180), and the non-zero coefficient to be encoded in the subblock is If not, a CBP64 flag (for example, may be represented by 1 bit such as '0') indicating that there is no coefficient to encode other than 0 is encoded (S2190).
- the CBP64 flag is a flag indicating whether a non-zero quantized transform coefficient exists in a 64x64 pixel block.
- the conversion type is encoded when the CBP flag is not zero.
- the CBP is encoded, and when the CBP is not 0, the transform type applied in units of 16x16 pixel blocks is encoded.
- the CBP is encoded according to the transform type. If 16x16 transform is used, only the CBP 2-bits of the chrominance component are encoded. If 8x16 or 16x8 transform is used, CBP 2-bit indicating whether two 8x16 or 16x8 pixel blocks within the 16x16 pixel block have a non-zero transform coefficient. Encode However, in exceptional cases, when the CBP bit of the first divided block of the two divided blocks is 0, the CBP bits of the second divided block may not be encoded.
- CBP is a 1-bit plate indicating whether there is a non-zero transform coefficient in a block, and the unit of a block encoding / decoding a CBP bit varies according to the type of transform selected.
- a block having no transform coefficient to be encoded for example, a block in SKIP mode, a block having a CBPX flag of 0, etc.
- a block that does not need to encode a CBP for example, a 16x16 transform is performed. Blocks to be used) were divided into cross lattice patterns.
- the method for generating the least significant node is described. If there is data indicating that there is no transform coefficient to be encoded in the current block among the mode values or flags already transmitted, no node is generated for the block without the coding transform coefficient. .
- a node is not generated for a SKIP block, and a node is generated for an XxX block in which the CBPX flag is 0 (where X is the number of pixels indicating the size of the block).
- X is the number of pixels indicating the size of the block.
- CBP is coded for a block having a nonzero transform coefficient, and depending on the transform type, the number of nodes is 0 or 4 for a 4x4 transform or 8x8 transform for a luminance component. 1 (i.e., generating nodes per 8x8 pixelblock), or 8x16 or 16x8 transforms for luminance components, indicating 0 or 1 for non-zero transform coefficients in a 16x8 or 8x16 block (i.e., 16x8 or Generating nodes per 8x16 block), the chrominance component generates nodes for the AC and DC components in 8x8 block units (i.e., transmits 1 bit to the AC component and 1 bit to the DC component).
- the minimum value of the lower nodes is used as the upper node value
- the uppermost node may use a node representing a 16x16 area as the uppermost node (or specify a different size of the uppermost node).
- the values of the lower nodes may not be encoded / decoded.
- the values of the lower nodes may be encoded.
- FIG. 23 When an encoding mode and a transform type are selected as illustrated in FIG. 22, a unit of transmission of a CBP may be represented as illustrated in FIG. 23. In the case where a block corresponding to the 16x16 region in FIG. 23 is used as the highest block, the highest node value may be allocated as shown in FIG. 24.
- the CBP is assigned according to whether or not there is a transform coefficient in the block.
- the encoding of the CBP is not limited to the described method, and various modifications such as using a pattern of the CBP are possible.
- 25 is a diagram for explaining encoding / decoding of delta quantization parameters.
- the delta quantization parameter of an intra 16x16 pixelblock or an inter 16x16 pixelblock whose CBP is not 0 is transmitted.
- each delta quantization parameter may be encoded by converting the code number into a promised code number and then tree-coding the code number. For example, assuming that the delta quantization parameter of each pixel block of 16x16 is as shown in FIG. 25 and the code number promised corresponding to the delta quantization parameter is as shown in Table 3, each delta quantization parameter in FIG. Can be converted to code number.
- the delta quantization parameter 0 can be converted to code number 0
- the delta quantization parameter 1 can be converted to code number 1
- the delta quantization parameter -1 can be converted to code number 2
- the delta quantization parameter 2 is Convert to code number 3
- delta quantization parameter -2 to code number 4
- delta quantization parameter 3 to code number 5
- delta quantization parameter -3 to code number 6
- Other delta quantization parameters can likewise be converted to promised code numbers.
- the delta quantization parameter of FIG. 25 is converted into a code number. In this way, a tree can be generated based on the node value of each 16x16 pixelblock converted into a code number. As a first example, if the minimum value is selected from the node values of the 16x16 pixelblock converted to the code number as shown in FIG. 26 and assigned to the upper node value, it may be represented as shown in FIG. 27.
- the difference between the node value 0 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), and M1 (1,0) may be encoded.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 0 of M1 (1,1) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 can also be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference between the node value 0 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the node value 0 of the lower node M1 (0,0) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded.
- the difference value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1
- the difference value 2 between node value 2 of lower node M1 (0, 1) and node value 0 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and lower node M1.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 1 of (1,0) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the node value 3 of the lower node M1 (1,1) and the node value of the upper node M0 are encoded.
- the difference value 3 of zero can be encoded by encoding bit 0001.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 1 and the 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the node value 1 of the lower nodes M1 (0,0) and M1 (0, 1) may be encoded.
- the difference value 0 of the node value 1 of the upper node M0 can be encoded with encoding bit 1
- the difference value 2 between the node value 3 of the lower node M1 (1,0) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 is encoded bit 001.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 2 of the lower node M1 (1, 1) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01.
- the difference value 2 between the node value 2 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), and M1 (1, 0), the difference value 0 between the node value 2 of M1 (1,1) and the node value 2 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference value 2 between the node value 2 and the 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0, 1), and M1 (1,
- the difference value 0 between the node value 2 of 0) and the node value 2 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1, respectively, and the node value 5 of the lower node M1 (1,1) and the node value 2 of the upper node M0 may be encoded.
- the difference value 3 can be encoded by encoding bit 0001.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 1 and the 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the node value 5 of the lower node M1 (0,0) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be encoded.
- the difference value 4 may be encoded by encoding bit 00001, respectively, and the difference value 2 between the node value 3 of the lower nodes M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,0) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be encoded bit 001.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 1 of the lower node M1 (1, 1) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the method of allocating the node value of the upper node from the lower nodes is not limited to the above-described method, and may select the maximum value among the node values of the lower nodes and assign it to the node value of the upper node.
- this second method if the maximum value is selected from the node values of the 16x16 pixelblock converted into the code number as shown in FIG. 26 and assigned as the upper node value, it may be represented as shown in FIG.
- the difference between the node value 0 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), and M1 (1,0) may be encoded.
- the encoding bit may be omitted for the difference between the node value 0 of M1 (1,1) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0.
- the difference value 3 between the node value 3 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 0001, and the node value 0 of the lower node M1 (0,0) and the node value 3 of the upper node M0 may be encoded.
- the difference value 1 may be encoded by encoding bit 0001, and the difference value 1 between node value 2 of lower node M1 (0,1) and node value 3 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the lower node may be encoded.
- the difference value 2 between the node value 1 of M1 (1,0) and the node value 3 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the node value 3 of the lower node M1 (1,1) and the node of the upper node M0
- the difference value 0 of the value 3 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference between the node values 3 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 0001, and the node values 1 and higher of the lower nodes M1 (0,0) and M1 (0, 1) may be encoded.
- the difference value 2 of the node value 3 of the node M0 can be encoded with the encoding bit 001, respectively, and the difference value between the node value 3 of the lower node M1 (1,0) and the node value 3 of the upper node M0 is encoded with the encoding bit 1.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 2 of the lower node M1 (1, 1) and the node value 3 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01.
- the difference between node values 2 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), and M1 (1,0). ),
- the difference value 0 between the node value 2 of M1 (1,1) and the node value 2 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference between the node values 5 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 000001, and the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0, 1), and M1 (1,0).
- Difference value 3 between node value 2 of node) and node value 5 of upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 0001, respectively, and the difference between node value 5 of lower node M1 (1,1) and node value 5 of upper node M0
- the value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference between the node value 5 and the zero of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 000001, and the node value 5 of the lower node M1 (0,0) and the node value 5 of the upper node M0 may be encoded.
- the difference value 0 can be encoded with encoding bit 00001, respectively, and the difference value 2 between the node value 3 of the lower nodes M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,0) and the node value 5 of the upper node M0 is encoded bit 001.
- the difference value 4 between the node value 1 of the lower node M1 (1,1) and the node value 5 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 00001.
- the difference value with 0 is encoded, but the difference value between the random value with the highest frequency and the highest node value is encoded. It may be.
- an arbitrary value used may be encoded and informed to the decoder, or an arbitrary promised value may be used, or the encoder and the decoder may operate in the same manner and be calculated.
- a maximum value is encoded to inform the decoder or a maximum value among lower node values is assigned as an upper node value.
- the minimum value may be encoded to tell the decoder a range of values.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 0 and 0 of the upper node M0 is the encoding bit.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 0 of the lower node M1 (0,0) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 1, and the lower value of the node M1 (0,1)
- the difference value 2 between the node value 2 and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the difference value 1 between the node value 1 of the lower node M1 (1,0) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 is
- the encoding bit 01 may be encoded, and the encoding bit may be omitted for the difference value 3 between the node value 3 of the lower node M1 (1, 1) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0.
- the difference value between the node value 2 and 0 of the upper node M0 is encoded bit 001.
- the difference between the node value 2 of the lower nodes M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), M1 (1,0), M1 (1,1) and the node value 2 of the upper node M0 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- a method of encoding a code only for a nonzero delta parameter after encoding the absolute value of the delta quantization parameter may be used.
- the absolute value of the delta quantization parameter of FIG. 25 is taken, it may be represented by FIG. 29. In this case, all of the above-described tree generation methods may be applied.
- a minimum value may be selected and allocated among lower node values, and an absolute value may be encoded.
- the method can be encoded using Table 3.
- the encoding bit having the maximum value 0 may be encoded as 0, the difference value 0 between the node value 0 and the 0 of the upper node M0, and the lower node M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1). ), The difference value 0 between the node value 0 of M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,1) and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 omits the encoding of the coded bits.
- the maximum value 2 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the difference between the node value 0 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1 and the lower node M1 (0,0).
- the difference value 0 between the node value 0 of the node value 0 and the node value 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1, and the node value 1 of the lower node M1 (0,1) and M1 (1,0) may be encoded.
- Difference value 1 of node value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01
- difference value 2 between node value 2 of lower node M1 (1,1) and node value 0 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001.
- the maximum value 2 may be encoded by encoding bit 001, and the difference value 1 between node value 1 and 0 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and lower node M1 (0,0).
- difference value 0 between node value 1 of M1 (0, 1) and node value 1 of upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 1, respectively, and node value 2 and higher node of lower node M1 (1,0) are encoded.
- Difference value 1 of node value 1 of M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and difference value 0 between node value 1 of lower node M1 (1,1) and node value 1 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the maximum value 1 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the difference value 1 between node value 1 and 0 of upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and lower node M1 (0,0). ), The difference value 0 between the node value 1 of M1 (0,1), M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,1) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be omitted.
- the maximum value 3 may be encoded by encoding bit 0001, and the difference value 1 between node value 1 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and lower node M1 (0,0). ),
- the difference value 0 between node value 1 of M1 (0, 1) and M1 (1,0) and node value 1 of upper node M0 can be encoded with encoding bit 1, respectively, and the lower node M1 (1,1)
- the difference value 2 between the node value 3 and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 001.
- the maximum value 3 may be encoded by encoding bit 0001, and the difference value 1 between node value 1 and 0 of the upper node M0 may be encoded by encoding bit 01, and the lower node M1 (0,0).
- Difference value 2 between node value 3 of node) and node value 1 of upper node M0 can be encoded by encoding bit 001, and node value 2 of lower node M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,0) and upper node M0
- the difference value 1 of the node value 1 may be encoded using the encoding bit 01, and the difference value 0 between the node value 1 of the lower node M1 (1,1) and the node value 1 of the upper node M0 may be omitted. Can be.
- encoding on a code can be performed. For example, 0 can be used when the sign is + and 1 can be used when the sign is-. Of course, the opposite coded bits may be allocated. In this case, the upper node may use the minimum value of the lower nodes and may use the maximum value.
- FIG. 30 except for the case where the absolute value of the delta quantization parameter is 0, coding for the sign of the delta quantization parameter is assigned 0 to + and 1 to ⁇ , and the minimum value is selected among the lowest node values. If it is assigned to a node value, it can be represented as shown in FIG. That is, in the case of (a) in FIG. 30, since all absolute values are 0, there is no data to be encoded.
- the difference value 0 between the upper node values 0 and 0 of (b) may be encoded by encoding bit 1. Since the node value of M1 (0,0) is 0, encoding of the encoding bit may be omitted.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 1 of M1 (0,1) and the upper node value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 0, and the node value 0 and the upper node of M1 (1,0) and M1 (1,1) may be encoded.
- the difference value 0 and the value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1, respectively.
- the difference value 0 between the upper node value 0 and 0 of (c) may be encoded by encoding bit 1, and nodes of M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), and M1 (1,0)
- the difference value 0 between the value 0 and the upper node value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- the difference value 1 between the node value 1 of M1 (1,1) and the upper node value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 0. have.
- the difference value 1 between the upper node value 1 and 0 in (d) may be encoded by encoding bit 0, and M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), M1 (1,0), and M1.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 1 of (1, 1) and the upper node value 1 may omit encoding of the coded bits, respectively.
- the difference value 1 between the upper node value 1 and 0 in (e) may be encoded by encoding bit 0, and M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), M1 (1,0), and M1.
- the difference value 0 between the node value 1 of (1, 1) and the upper node value 1 may omit encoding of the coded bits, respectively.
- the difference value 0 between the upper node value 0 and 0 in (f) may be encoded by encoding bit 1, and M1 (0,0), M1 (0,1), M1 (1,0), and M1
- the difference value 0 between the node value 0 of (1, 1) and the upper node value 0 may be encoded by encoding bit 1.
- 32 is a block diagram schematically illustrating an image decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 may include an encoding information decoder 3210 and an image decoder 3300.
- the encoding information decoder 3210 decodes the bitstream to restore block mode information indicating whether the block mode of the block to be decoded is the skip mode and split mode information indicating whether the block is divided into subblocks.
- the bitstream is decoded according to the combination of the block mode information and the split mode information to restore the skip motion information of the block or the prediction encoding information including the block type information of the block and the prediction information of the block.
- the encoding information decoder 3210 decodes a bitstream having a syntax structure as shown in FIG. 6.
- the data allocated to the block mode information field and the data allocated to the split mode information field from the bitstream.
- Type information, prediction information, CBP subblock flag, transform type information, Predictive coding information such as CBP and delta QP are recovered.
- the CBP subblock flag field, the transform type information field, the CBP field, the delta QP, etc., of the prediction encoding information are not necessarily reconstructed, but only when the image encoding apparatus 100 and the image decoding apparatus 3200 are mutually promised. Can be restored.
- the image decoder 3300 reconstructs the block by reconstructing the block based on the skip motion information or by decoding the coefficient information reconstructed by decoding the bitstream based on the predictive encoding information.
- the image decoder 3300 may motion compensate for a block to be decoded or each subblock of the corresponding block by using the recovered skip motion information.
- the predictive encoded information is restored by the encoding information decoder 3210, the generated block is reconstructed into a block to be decoded, and the block to be decoded or each subblock of the corresponding block is intra-prepared by using the reconstructed predictive encoding information.
- a prediction block is generated by inter prediction, a bitstream is decoded to restore coefficient information, and a block to be decoded is added by adding a residual block and a prediction block based on the reconstructed coefficient information.
- the image decoder 3300 may include a decoder, a dequantizer and an inverse transformer, a predictor, an adder, a filter, and a picture buffer.
- the predictor may comprise a motion compensator.
- 34 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 decodes a bitstream to indicate block mode information indicating whether a block mode of a block to be decoded is a skip mode and a block is a subblock.
- partition mode information indicating whether partitioning is performed is performed. That is, the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes the data encoded with the block mode information and the data encoded with the split mode information from the bitstream of the block to be decoded to restore the block mode information and the split mode information.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 restores skip motion information of a block by decoding the bitstream according to a combination of block mode information and split mode information, or restores predictive encoding information including block type information of a block and prediction information of the block.
- the block is reconstructed by reconstructing the block based on the skip motion information or by decoding the coefficient information which is reconstructed by decoding the bitstream based on the predictive encoding information (S3430). That is, the image decoding apparatus 3200 combines whether the reconstructed block mode information indicates that the block mode of the block to be encoded is the skip mode and whether the reconstructed split mode information indicates that the block is divided into subblocks.
- blocks are encoded in different ways.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 performs steps S3420 and S3430 on the assumption that the block is divided into subblocks having a size of 16x16 pixels. An example is demonstrated.
- the image decoding apparatus 3400 decodes the bitstream to skip the block. Information can be restored. That is, the image decoding apparatus 3400 extracts and decodes the data encoded with the skip motion information from the bitstream, and restores the skip motion information. The skip motion information is restored as one motion information for a block to be decoded. In this case, in operation S3430, the image decoding apparatus 3200 restores the generated block to the block to be decoded by compensating for the motion of the block to be decoded using the reconstructed skip motion information.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 decodes the bitstream and skips the subblocks of the block.
- the motion information can be restored. That is, the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes the data encoded with the skip motion information from the bitstream to restore the skip motion information.
- the skip motion information is a plurality of pieces of motion information for each subblock of the block to be decoded. Is restored.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 may compensate for the motion of each subblock of the block to be decoded using the skip motion information of each subblock to be reconstructed. Reconstruct the block to be decoded through each subblock.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 decodes the bitstream to determine the block.
- the predictive coding information can be reconstructed. That is, the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes the data encoded by the prediction encoding information from the bitstream, and restores the prediction encoding information.
- the prediction encoding information is restored to one prediction encoding information about a block to be decoded.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes the coefficient information encoded data from the bitstream based on the block type information and the prediction information of the reconstructed prediction encoding information, and restores and restores the coefficient information. Reconstruct the residual block by inverse quantization and inverse transform of the coefficient information, and generate a prediction block by predicting a block to be decoded based on the block type information and the prediction information, and decoding by adding the reconstructed residual block and the prediction block. Restore the block you want to
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 decodes the bitstream to subblocks of the block. Predictive coding information may be recovered. That is, the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes the data encoded by the prediction encoding information from the bitstream, and restores the prediction encoding information.
- the prediction encoding information includes a plurality of prediction encoding information for each subblock of the block to be decoded. Is restored.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts and decodes data in which coefficient information is encoded from the bitstream based on block type information and prediction information of the reconstructed prediction encoding information, and then coefficients for each subblock. Restoring the information and restoring the remaining subblocks by inverse quantization and inverse transformation of coefficient information for each subblock to be restored, and generating a prediction subblock by predicting each subblock based on block type information and prediction information, Each subblock is reconstructed by adding the reconstructed residual subblock and the predicted subblock, and a block to be decoded through the subblock is reconstructed.
- the block type information may be a block type number assigned to a plurality of available block types based on whether the block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and a partition type of a subblock of the block.
- the predictive encoding information may further include one or more of transform type information for the subblock, an encoded block pattern for the subblock, and a delta quantization parameter for the subblock.
- the block type information may include a block type flag indicating whether a block is an inter macroblock or an intra macroblock and partition type information indicating a partition type of a subblock of a block.
- the block type information indicates whether the block is an inter macroblock or
- the skip subblock flag indicating whether the block mode of the subblock is the skip mode may be further included. That is, when the block mode of the block to be decoded is not the skip mode and the corresponding block is divided into subblocks, the image decoding apparatus 3200 may include data in which coefficient information is encoded for each subblock and prediction encoding information from the bitstream. It is not necessary to extract and decode the encoded data. If only the skip subblock flag is decoded from the bitstream and it is determined that the block mode of any subblock is the skip mode, decoding may be skipped for the corresponding subblock.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 may restore the partition type information by using a tree structure.
- the partition type number is set as the partition type value, and the large partition type number is set in the order of the frequency of occurrence of the partition type, and the highest partition type number is compared with the largest partition type number.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts data in which the partition type information is encoded from the bitstream, and decodes the binary bits 0 and 1 of the extracted data to make a difference. Restore the highest node value by restoring the value and subtracting the restored difference value from the largest partition type number.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 reads and decodes one bit of the data in which the partition type information is encoded, restores the binary bit, and reads the next bit when the restored binary bit is 0 to restore the difference value. . Decode in this way and continue to restore binary bit 0 until binary bit 1 is restored, and if the restored binary bit is 1, no more bits are read and decoded, and the difference is that the number of recovered binary bits 0 do. However, if the number of bits is read as the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the partition type number, the next bit is not read and the difference value is the number of recovered binary bits 0 (in this case, the difference value is The difference between the maximum and minimum values that a partition type number can have).
- the partition type number is set as the partition type value, and the large partition type number is set in the order of the frequency of occurrence of the partition type, and thus the smallest partition type number.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 extracts data in which the partition type information is encoded from the bitstream, and decodes binary bits 0 and 1 of the extracted data. Restores the difference value and subtracts the restored difference value from the smallest partition type number to restore the highest node value.
- the method of restoring the difference value by the image decoding apparatus 3200 is as described above.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 may encode the bit. Data obtained by encoding the partition type information is extracted from the stream, and binary values 0 and 1 of the extracted data are decoded to restore the difference value restored to the most significant node value. In this case, the method of restoring the difference value by the image decoding apparatus 3200 is as described above.
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 decodes node values of lower nodes of the highest node.
- the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes the node value by encoding the binary bit 0 by the number of difference values between the node value of the node to be encoded and the node value of the higher node
- the image decoding apparatus 3200 performs the node of each node.
- the next one bit of the bits extracted from the bitstream and read to restore the highest node value is read and decoded. If the recovered binary bit is 0, the next bit is read and decoded.
- the maximum value of the partition type number can be restored to the node value to be decoded without restoring the binary bit. If the restored binary bit is 1, no more bits are read and the number of restored binary bits 0 is restored to the difference value, and the node value of the node to be decoded by adding the node value of the upper node to the restored difference value. Restore If the image encoding apparatus 100 encodes the node value by encoding the binary bit 1 by the number of difference values between the node value of the node to be encoded and the node value of the higher node, the binary bit reconstructed in the above-described method is Binary bits are recovered by decoding one bit until zero.
- the difference value according to the number of binary bits 0 restored up to now and the node value of the upper node of the corresponding node is the maximum value that the partition type number can have. Instead of reading the bits and restoring the binary bits, the maximum value of the partition type number can be restored to the node value. Also, when restoring the node value of the last node among the nodes having the same parent node, if the node values of the nodes except the last node are all larger than the node value of the parent node, the bit is no longer read and the binary bit is not restored. Restore the node value of the upper node to the node value of the last node.
- the partition type information is generated in order of increasing frequency. If the number is set, the node value of the current node is restored by subtracting the restored parent node and node value.
- the corresponding block since the corresponding block may be encoded and decoded in an efficient manner according to the combination of the block mode and the split mode of the block to be encoded in the image, the compression efficiency of the image may be improved. Can be improved.
- 35 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a video encoding apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoding apparatus 3500 may include an encoding information encoder 3510 and an image encoder 3520.
- the encoding information encoder 3510 encodes skip type information indicating a skip type of a block to be encoded, and encodes skip motion information of the block according to the skip type information. That is, when the block mode of the block to be encoded is the skip mode, the encoding information encoder 3510 encodes skip type information indicating a skip type of the block, and encodes skip motion information of the block based on the skip type information. For example, the encoding information encoder 3510 encodes skip motion information of a block when the skip type of the block indicates that the skip motion information of the block is encoded.
- the image encoder 3520 encodes coefficient information of the block according to the skip type information of the block. That is, when the block mode of the block to be encoded is the skip mode, the image encoder 3520 encodes the coefficient information of the block based on the skip type information. For example, the image encoder 3520 encodes skip motion information of a block when the skip type of the block indicates that the coefficient information of the block is encoded.
- the image encoder 3520 is a predictor, a subtractor, a transform and a quantizer, an encoder, an inverse quantization and an inverse transformer, an adder, a filter, a picture, as in the image encoder 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention described above with reference to FIG. 1. Buffer and the like.
- both the skip motion information and the coefficient information are not encoded for the block, and only the skip type information is encoded.
- 36 is a flowchart illustrating a video encoding method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the image encoding apparatus 3500 encodes skip type information indicating a skip type of a block to be encoded, in operation S3610.
- the skip type indicates how the skip mode block is encoded when the block mode of the block is the skip mode. That is, when the block mode of the block to be encoded is the skip mode, the image encoding apparatus 3500 encodes only the coefficient information of the block, only the motion information of the block, or encodes the block information when encoding the block according to the skip mode.
- the skip type information indicating whether or not to skip the encoding is encoded.
- Such skip type information may be implemented as a skip type flag of 1 bit.
- the skip type information may be represented in three cases as follows through a skip type flag of 1 bit. For example, if the skip type flag is 0, the skip mode may skip without encoding the block. If the skip type flag is 1, the skip mode may indicate that the skip motion vector is encoded without encoding the coefficient information of the block. . As another example, when the skip type flag is 0, the skip mode may skip the encoding without encoding the block. When the skip type flag is 1, the skip motion vector of the block may be encoded without encoding the coefficient information of the block. As another example, if the skip type flag is 0, the skip motion vector of the block is encoded without encoding the coefficient information of the block. If the skip type flag is 1, the coefficient information of the block is encoded without encoding the skip motion vector of the block. Can be indicated.
- the image encoding apparatus 3500 skips encoding of the block, encodes skip motion information of the block, or encodes coefficient information of the block according to the skip type information (S3620).
- the skip type information may indicate that the encoding of the block is skipped or the skip motion information of the block may be encoded.
- the skip type information may indicate that the encoding of the block is skipped or the coefficient information of the block may be encoded.
- the skip type information may indicate encoding skip motion information of the block or may indicate encoding coefficient information of the block.
- the image encoding apparatus 3500 encodes skip motion information of the block to be encoded and encodes coefficient information of the corresponding block. I never do that.
- the image encoding apparatus 3500 encodes coefficient information of the block to be encoded and encodes skip motion vector information of the corresponding block. I never do that.
- coefficient information of a block to be encoded may be predictively encoded using motion information determined based on motion information of neighboring blocks of the block.
- FIG. 37 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a configuration of an image decoding apparatus 3700 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the image decoding apparatus 3700 may include an encoding information decoder 1210 and an image decoder 1220.
- the encoding information decoder 3710 restores skip type information indicating a skip type of a block to be decoded by decoding the bitstream, and restores skip motion information of the block by decoding the bitstream according to the skip type information.
- the image decoder 3720 may reconstruct a block based on motion information determined according to a preset method according to skip type information, reconstruct a block based on skipped motion information, or based on coefficient information reconstructed by decoding a bitstream. Restore the block.
- the image decoder 3720 is restored by the encoded information decoder 3710.
- the block generated by compensating for the motion of the block to be decoded using the skip motion information is restored to the block to be decoded.
- the image decoder 3720 reconstructs the coefficient information by decoding the bitstream, and restores the restored coefficient information.
- the image decoder 3720 may move the block using the motion information determined in a predetermined manner. The block generated by performing the compensation is restored to the corresponding block.
- the motion information determined in a preset manner may be motion information determined by using motion information of a neighboring block.
- the motion information determined in various preset manners may be used.
- 38 is a flowchart illustrating an image decoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the image decoding apparatus 1200 decodes a bitstream and restores skip type information indicating a skip type of a block to be decoded (S3810) and according to the skip type information. Restores the block based on the motion information determined in a predetermined manner or decodes the bitstream to restore the block based on the skipped motion information of the restored block, or restores the block based on the coefficient information restored by decoding the bitstream. (S3820).
- the image decoding apparatus 3700 may restore skip type information only when the block mode of the block is the skip mode. That is, since the bitstream includes data in which the skip type information is encoded only when the block mode of the block to be decoded is the skip mode, the data in which the skip type information is encoded from the bitstream is extracted and decoded only in the skip mode. Restore skip type information.
- the image decoding apparatus 3700 may reconstruct the block based on the motion information determined in a preset manner. That is, when the skip type information indicates that the encoding of the block is skipped, the image encoding apparatus 3500 skips the encoding of the corresponding block, and thus the bitstream indicates that there is no data in which the encoding information or the coefficient information of the corresponding block is encoded. Therefore, without extracting and decoding data from the bitstream, the motion information (that is, the motion vector and the reference picture index) of the corresponding block is determined in a predetermined manner as promised with the image encoding apparatus 3500, and the determined motion information is used. Then, the block generated by compensating for the motion of the corresponding block is restored to the block to be decoded.
- the motion information that is, the motion vector and the reference picture index
- the image decoding apparatus 3700 may reconstruct the block based on the skip motion information of the block that is decoded by decoding the bitstream. That is, when the skip type information indicates that skip motion information of a block is encoded, the video decoding apparatus 3700 encodes skip motion information rather than coefficient information of the corresponding block in the video encoding apparatus 3500, and includes coefficient information in the bitstream. Since there is no encoded data, the block is generated by extracting and decoding skipped motion information from the bitstream, restoring the skipped motion information, and compensating for the motion of the corresponding block using the recovered skipped motion information. Restores the block to be decoded.
- the image decoding apparatus 3700 may reconstruct the block based on the coefficient information restored by decoding the bitstream. That is, if the skip type information 3700 indicates that the skip type information encodes the coefficient information of the block, the image encoding apparatus 3500 encodes the coefficient information rather than the skip motion information of the corresponding block, and thus the coefficient information is included in the bitstream. Since there is no encoded data, it is possible to recover coefficient information by extracting and decoding data encoded with coefficient information from a bitstream, and to restore residual blocks by inverse quantization and inverse transform of the restored coefficient information.
- the second embodiment of the present invention describes another embodiment of tree structure coding of transform information (eg, transform type, transform subblock split flag, CBP flag, etc.) related to the transform subblock.
- transform information eg, transform type, transform subblock split flag, CBP flag, etc.
- the transform subblock may be obtained by dividing into blocks of variable sizes in each macroblock or subblock.
- the transform type may be determined according to the transform subblock.
- the transform type may be determined according to the prediction mode.
- the information about the size and type of possible transform subblocks may be included in various headers.
- the header may be a slice header, a picture header, and a sequence header.
- the size of the maximum transform subblock and the size of the minimum transform subblock may be encoded, and the size of the minimum transform subblock of intra prediction and inter prediction may be different. For example, when the size of the maximum transform subblock is 64x64 and the size of the minimum transform subblock is 4x4, the size of the minimum transform subblock of the intra prediction block may be encoded as 16x16.
- the sizes of transform subblocks possible for transform of the intra prediction block are 64x64, 32x32, 16x16
- the sizes of transform subblocks possible for transform of the inter prediction block are 64x64, 32x32, 16x16, 8x8. 4x4.
- 39 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- 39-A shows a case in which the current macroblock is divided into subblocks. That is, the current macroblock has been divided into four blocks of subblocks A, B, C, and D.
- 39-B indicates a predicted subblock of a subblock in the current macroblock. That is, the sub block A is in the Skip mode, the sub block B is divided into four intra prediction sub blocks of 16x16, and the sub blocks C and D are divided into two inter prediction subblocks of 8x16 and 16x8, respectively.
- 39-C represents the size of the transform subblock of the subblock in the current macroblock. That is, since subblock A is in the Skip mode, the subblock B is transformed and quantized into 8x8 transform subblocks, and subblocks C and D are transformed and quantized into 32x32 and 16x16 transform subblocks, respectively.
- 39-D, 39-E, and 39-F represent CBP flags of one luminance component and two chrominance components.
- 39-G shows the block number of the sub block in the current macroblock.
- 40 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock B of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- Sub_block_CBP_flag which indicates whether a transform coefficient of a luminance and chrominance component has a non-zero coefficient in a current subblock B
- a split_flag that indicates whether a current subblock is divided into transform subblocks.
- CBP_flag and split_flag of the color difference components Cr and Cb and the luminance component Y are encoded for each transform subblock. Referring to 39-G of FIG.
- the transform subblock is divided again Are encoded in the order of P1, P2, P3, and P4 in the order of Cb_CBP_flag, Cr_CBP_flag, split_flag, and Y_CBP_flag of each transform subblock.
- Other transform subblocks are encoded in the same order and in the same syntax.
- each syntax may be encoded using a context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding (CABAC) using a different context according to a surrounding situation, or a syntax value may be encoded into 1 bit without using a context.
- CABAC context adaptive binary arithmetic encoding
- FIG. 41 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock C of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- the current subblock C is an inter prediction block that is not divided into transform subblocks. Accordingly, the Sub_block_CBP_flag of the current subblock C is encoded by 1, the split_flag is encoded by 0, and then encoded in the order of Cb_CBP_flag, Cr_CBP_flag, and Y_CBP_flag.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining another example of transform information encoding of subblock C of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- split_flag indicating whether a transform subblock of the current subblock is divided is encoded, and CBP flags (Cb, Cr, and Y) are encoded.
- sub_block_CBP_flag does not have to be encoded.
- the order of sub_block_CBP_flag and split_flag of the highest node may be changed for each tree structure of all subblocks.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining an example of transform information encoding of subblock D of FIG. 39 using a tree structure.
- the current subblock D is an inter prediction block divided into transform subblocks. Therefore, sub_block_CBP_flag and split_flag of the current subblock D are encoded by 1, respectively. 39-G, split_flag and cbp_flag of each transform subblock divided in the order of P15, P16, P17, and P18 are encoded in the order of split_flag, Cb_CBP_flag, Cr_CBP_flag, and Y_CBP_flag.
- the above-described syntax and the order of the syntax are exemplary only and are not limited to the above-described examples.
- the encoded data of the transform information according to an embodiment of the present invention may include syntax and transform information of one or more of sub_block_CBP_flag, split flag, and cbp_flag (for each component) among the transform information.
- it includes a case where sub_block_CBP_flag indicating whether or not a color coefficient and a luminance component have non-zero transform coefficients in each subblock is encoded as the highest node value.
- transform information decoding corresponds to an inverse process of transform information encoding
- those skilled in the art will understand the transform information decoding process from the above-described transform information encoding process.
- the skip mode of the block may be defined in various ways, and the image may be encoded and decoded by selectively using various methods according to characteristics and / or implementation methods or needs of the image. Therefore, the compression efficiency of the image can be improved.
- the embodiment of the present invention is applied to the field of video compression for encoding and decoding a video, and efficiently encodes encoding information used to encode the video, and selectively uses various encoding and decoding methods. It is a very useful invention to generate an effect that can improve the compression efficiency of the image by allowing the image to be encoded.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (48)
- 영상 부호화/복호화 장치에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보, CBP(Coded Block Pattern) 정보 및 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보 중 적어도 하나를 부호화하며, 상기 블록의 부호화된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화기; 및비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 변환 타입 정보를 복원하며, 상기 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화/복호화 장치.
- 영상을 부호화하는 장치에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화기; 및상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 매크로블록에 대하여 16x16 화소블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하며, 상기 16x16 화소블록 내의 서브블록에 대해서는 상기 16x16 화소블록 단위로 선택된 변환 타입과 동일한 변환 타입을 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 매크로블록 내의 16x16 화소블록 이상의 블록에 대해서는 해당 블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하고, 16x16 화소블록보다 작은 블록으로 분할된 서브블록에 대해서는 16x16 화소블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,변환 계수가 없는 블록에 대해서는 변환타입의 부호화를 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 2항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록의 블록모드가 스킵 모드이거나 CBPX 플래그가 0인 경우, 변환타입의 부호화를 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 영상을 부호화하는 장치에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 CBP 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화기; 및상기 블록의 CBP 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 블록의 CBP 정보는 상기 블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부를 나타내는 1비트 플래그인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,기 전송된 모드값이나 플래그 중 현재의 상기 블록 내에 부호화할 변환계수가 없음을 나타내는 정보가 포함된 경우, 상기 현재의 블록에 대한 노드값의 생성을 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록이 0이 아닌 변환 계수를 포함하고 있는 경우에 상기 CBP 정보를 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록의 휘도 성분에 대해서 4x4 변환 또는 8x8 변환에 대해서는 8x8 화소블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부에 따라 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 11항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록의 휘도 성분에 대해서 8x16 변환 또는 16x8 변환에 대해서는 8x16 화소블록 또는 16x8 화소블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부에 따라 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서,상기 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드이거나 CBPX 플래그가 0인 경우, CBP 정보의 부호화를 위한 노드값의 생성을 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 8항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 영상을 부호화하는 장치에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화기; 및상기 블록의 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 16항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 16항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 매크로블록 내의 부호화할 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는 16x16 화소블록 또는 상기 매크로블록에 대해서만 상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 16항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 기 설정된 코드번호로 변환한 후, 상기 코드번호를 트리구조로 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 제 16항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화기는,상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보의 절대값을 부호화한 후, 0이 아닌 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보에 대해서만 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 장치.
- 영상을 복호화하는 장치에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 변환 타입 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화기; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 장치.
- 영상을 복호화하는 장치에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 CBP 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화기; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 장치.
- 영상을 복호화하는 장치에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화기; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화기를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 장치.
- 영상 부호화/복호화 방법에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보, CBP 정보 및 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보 중 적어도 하나를 부호화하며, 상기 블록의 부호화된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 단계; 및비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 변환 타입 정보를 복원하며, 상기 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화/복호화 방법.
- 영상을 부호화하는 방법에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화 단계; 및상기 블록의 변환 타입 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 25항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 25항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 매크로블록에 대하여 16x16 화소블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하며, 상기 16x16 화소블록 내의 서브블록에 대해서는 상기 16x16 화소블록 단위로 선택된 변환 타입과 동일한 변환 타입을 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 25항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 매크로블록 내의 16x16 화소블록 이상의 블록에 대해서는 해당 블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하고, 16x16 화소블록보다 작은 블록으로 분할된 서브블록에 대해서는 16x16 화소블록 단위로 변환 타입을 선택하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 25항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,변환 계수가 없는 블록에 대해서는 변환타입의 부호화를 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 25항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록의 블록모드가 스킵 모드이거나 CBPX 플래그가 0인 경우, 변환타입의 부호화를 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 영상을 부호화하는 방법에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 CBP 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화 단계; 및상기 블록의 CBP 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 31항에 있어서,상기 블록의 CBP 정보는 상기 블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부를 나타내는 1비트 플래그인 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 31항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,기 전송된 모드값이나 플래그 중 현재의 상기 블록 내에 부호화할 변환계수가 없음을 나타내는 정보가 포함된 경우, 상기 현재의 블록에 대한 노드값의 생성을 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 33항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록이 0이 아닌 변환 계수를 포함하고 있는 경우에 상기 CBP 정보를 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 33항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록의 휘도 성분에 대해서 4x4 변환 또는 8x8 변환에 대해서는 8x8 화소블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부에 따라 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 33항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록의 휘도 성분에 대해서 8x16 변환 또는 16x8 변환에 대해서는 8x16 화소블록 또는 16x8 화소블록 내에 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는지의 여부에 따라 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 31항에 있어서,상기 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드이거나 CBPX 플래그가 0인 경우, CBP 정보의 부호화를 위한 노드값의 생성을 생략하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 31항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 영상을 부호화하는 방법에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 분할 모드 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보의 조합에 따라 상기 블록의 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 부호화하는 부호화 정보 부호화 단계; 및상기 블록의 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 기초로 상기 블록의 계수 정보를 부호화하는 영상 부호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 39항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 블록 모드 정보 및 상기 분할 모드 정보에 기초하여 상기 매크로블록 내의 최하위 노드값을 생성하며, 생성된 상기 최하위 노드값을 기초에 기초하여 트리 구조의 최상위 노드값을 생성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 39항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 매크로블록 내의 부호화할 0이 아닌 변환계수가 있는 16x16 화소블록 또는 상기 매크로블록에 대해서만 상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 39항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 기 설정된 코드번호로 변환한 후, 상기 코드번호를 트리구조로 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 39항에 있어서, 상기 부호화 정보 부호화 단계는,상기 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보의 절대값을 부호화한 후, 0이 아닌 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보에 대해서만 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 영상을 복호화하는 방법에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 변환 타입 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화 단계; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 영상을 복호화하는 방법에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 CBP 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화 단계; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 영상을 복호화하는 방법에 있어서,비트스트림을 복호화하여 영상의 복호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지의 여부를 나타내는 블록 모드 정보, 상기 블록이 서브블록으로 분할되는지의 여부를 나타내는 분할모드 정보, 및 상기 블록 모드 정보와 상기 분할모드 정보의 조합에 따라 부호화된 델타 양자화 파라미터 정보를 복원하는 부호화 정보 복호화 단계; 및상기 부호화 정보 복호화기에 의해 복원된 정보를 기초로 상기 블록을 복원하거나 상기 비트스트림을 복호화하여 상기 블록을 복원하는 영상 복호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 복호화 방법.
- 영상을 부호화하는 방법에 있어서,매크로블록 내의 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 스킵 모드인지 여부를 나타내는 정보를 부호화하는 단계;및 상기 부호화하고자 하는 블록의 블록 모드가 분할 모드의 경우, 인트라 예측 및 인터 예측에 따라 최대 변환 서브 블록의 크기와 최소 변환 서브 블록의 크기를 부호화하는 변환정보 부호화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
- 제 47항에 있어서,상기 변환정보 부호화 단계는,상기 부호화하고자 하는 블록 내에 휘도와 색차 성분의 변환계수가 0이 아닌 계수가 있는지를 나타내는 정보를 부호화하고, 상기 부호화하고자 하는 블록이 변환 서브 블록으로 분할되었는지를 나타내는 정보를 부호화하며, 각 상기 변환 서브 블록마다 색차 성분과 휘도 성분에 대한 정보를 부호화하는 것을 특징으로 하는 영상 부호화 방법.
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