WO2011127864A2 - Radio frequency connector - Google Patents
Radio frequency connector Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2011127864A2 WO2011127864A2 PCT/CN2011/074584 CN2011074584W WO2011127864A2 WO 2011127864 A2 WO2011127864 A2 WO 2011127864A2 CN 2011074584 W CN2011074584 W CN 2011074584W WO 2011127864 A2 WO2011127864 A2 WO 2011127864A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- radio frequency
- conductive layer
- frequency connector
- insulative housing
- connector according
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R9/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
- H01R9/03—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
- H01R9/05—Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for coaxial cables
- H01R9/0503—Connection between two cable ends
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding
- H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
- H01R13/6598—Shield material
- H01R13/6599—Dielectric material made conductive, e.g. plastic material coated with metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of radio frequency, and in particular to a radio frequency connector.
- the RF connector (commonly known as the junction box) is a component that is electrically connected to the transmission line and is typically used for the connection of coaxial cables.
- the existing RF connector includes four components of the split connection, and includes an inner conductor junction box, an inner and outer conductor insulating dielectric member, an outer conductor junction box, and a protective cover from the inside to the outside, and complicated fitting between the components. Structural connection.
- the current junction box consists of four components, a large number of components, and each component is connected by a complex fitting structure.
- each component has a complicated structure, and each component has the disadvantages of increased processing difficulty and high processing cost, and the four components are difficult to assemble, resulting in low production efficiency.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency connector.
- the technical solution is as follows:
- An RF connector the RF connector includes an insulative housing, the inside of the insulative housing is provided with a cavity, the cavity is for receiving an inner conductor of the connected cable, and an outer wall of the insulative housing is covered An outer conductive layer for signal transmission, the outer conductive layer is for communicating with an outer conductor of the connected cable, and the insulating body is provided with a through hole for allowing the connected cable to pass through.
- the junction box is composed of four components, and the embodiment of the present invention can provide signal transmission along the outer wall of the insulating body through an insulating body.
- the outer conductive layer and the simple structure of the through holes realize the connection of the cable, so the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of easy processing, low processing cost, small assembly difficulty, and high production efficiency.
- the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a structural member and is not easy to fall off, and has the advantages of high reliability.
- FIG. 1 is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 is a bottom view of Figure 2;
- Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 2;
- Figure 6 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 5;
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the C-C of Figure 7;
- FIG. 9 is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7;
- 9a is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a radio frequency connector according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 11 is a diagram showing the connection state of the RF connector and the cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 10.
- Insulating body 2 outer conductive layer, 3 inner conductive layer, 4 through holes, 4a outer hole, 4b inner hole, 5 insulating part, 6 metal layer, 7 cavity, 8 outer conductor, 8a outer conductor insulating layer , 8b outer conductor layer, 9 inner conductor, 9a inner conductor insulation layer,
- the cable to be connected in this embodiment is exemplified by a coaxial cable, but is not limited thereto.
- the cable to be connected in this embodiment can be applied to the connection of all cables including an inner conductor and an outer conductor.
- the connected cable structure is as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the inner conductor 9 includes an inner conductor insulating layer 9a and an inner conductor layer 9b, and the outer conductor 8 includes an outer conductor insulating layer 8a and an outer conductor layer 8b.
- an RF connector according to an embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 .
- This embodiment is mainly described with reference to FIG. 1
- the RF connector includes an insulative body. 1.
- the inside of the insulative housing 1 is provided with a cavity 7 for accommodating the inner conductor 9 of the cable 10 to be connected.
- the outer wall of the insulative housing 1 is covered with an outer conductive layer 2 for signal transmission, and the outer conductive layer 2
- the outer conductor 8 for connecting the connected cable 10 is provided with a through hole 4 (shown in FIG. 2) for passing through the connected cable 10.
- an external conductive layer capable of signal transmission is disposed along the outer wall of the insulating body, and a simple structure of the through hole is realized, thereby realizing the connection of the cable, so that the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of easy processing and low processing cost. , the assembly difficulty is small, and the production efficiency is high.
- the embodiment of the present invention is composed of one structural member and is not easy to fall off, and has the advantages of high reliability.
- the insulating body 1 is a box-shaped body.
- the insulative housing 1 can also be a sleeve body, such as a sleeve or the like, and is not limited to a box-shaped body.
- the insulative housing 1 is a rectangular box body, so that the structure is simple and easy to process.
- the insulative housing 1 can be a box-shaped body or a sleeve of any shape, such as a circular box or a circular sleeve, an elliptical box or an elliptical sleeve, while satisfying the wiring function.
- the insulating body 1 has many materials, including PPS (Polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene sulfide), PEI (Polyetherimide, polyetherimide), ABS (Acrylonitri le Butadiene Styrene, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer).
- PPS Polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene sulfide
- PEI Polyetherimide, polyetherimide
- ABS Acrylonitri le Butadiene Styrene, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer.
- PPE polyphenylene ether
- PA polyamide
- POM polyoxymethylene, acetal resin
- PS polystyrene
- TPE thermoplastic elastomer
- PBT polybutylece terephthalate, polypair) Butylene phthalate
- LCP liquid crystal polymer
- SAN Styrene Acrylonitri le, styrene acrylonitrile
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- CP polycarbonate
- PE polyethylene
- PP Polypropylene
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PC Polycarbonate, polycarbonate
- PS0 PES
- PVDF vinylene fluoride
- the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, and the embodiment is mainly illustrated in FIG. 2, in this example,
- the conductive layer 2 is closed along the outer wall of the insulative housing 1.
- the outer conductive layer 2 is integrally disposed along the height direction of the outer wall of the insulating body 1, and is integrally covered and closed along the peripheral edge of the outer wall of the insulating body 1, so that it has an advantage of being easy to process.
- the outer conductive layer 2 may be partially covered along the height direction of the outer wall of the insulating body 1 under the condition that the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 is turned on. And close the setting.
- the outer conductive layer 2 is approximately closed along the outer wall of the insulative body 4 under the condition that the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 is turned on.
- the approximate closed arrangement is at the four ridges of the outer wall of the insulative housing 1, and the closed outer conductive layer of Fig. 2 is opened to leave a certain gap (see Fig. 7), which finally forms an approximately closed outer conductive.
- Layer 2 Due to the coupling of the electromagnetic waves, such an approximately closed outer conductive layer 2 can also conduct the outer conductors 8 (see Fig. 9) of the two sets of cables 10. It should be noted that this paragraph is merely an exemplary explanation of the term "closed arrangement", and does not indicate that the figure in Fig. 7 is really a cross-sectional view of the radio frequency connector of the present invention.
- the outer conductive layer 2 is preferably an outer metal plating layer or an outer metal coating layer, and the structure is convenient for being integrated with the insulating body 1 .
- the outer conductive layer 2 is preferably realized by a surface plating process on the insulating body 1. It can be understood that the outer conductive layer 2 may also be coated with conductive particles on the insulating body by spraying, wherein the conductive particles may be metal particles such as copper, aluminum, alloy or non-metal particles such as graphite particles. Silicon carbide, etc.
- the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this example, the inner wall of the insulative housing 1 is covered with an inner conductive layer 3 for signal transmission, and the inner conductive layer 3 is used for communication. Connecting the inner conductor 9 (see Fig. 1) of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1), the inner conductive layer 9 (see Fig. 1) is insulated from the outer conductive layer 2 by the insulating body 1.
- the inner conductive layer 3 is closed along the inner wall of the insulative housing 1.
- the inner conductive layer 3 satisfies the inner conductor of the cable 10 that conducts more than two.
- the inner conductive layer 3 is approximately closed along the inner wall of the insulative housing 1.
- the inner conductive layer 3 is preferably an inner metal plating layer or an inner metal coating layer.
- the inner conductive layer 3 is preferentially plated, so that it has the advantage of easy processing.
- the radio frequency connector has four through holes 4, and is divided into two groups symmetrically disposed on opposite walls of the insulative housing 1, so that the cable is realized. 10 straight lines.
- the number of the through holes 4 can also be two, three, six or the like, and two or more through holes 4 can also be disposed on the adjacent wall of the insulating body 1.
- two through holes 4 in any one of the groups in FIG. 4 are respectively disposed on any two adjacent walls of the rectangular insulative housing 1, two sets of cables 10 (see FIG. 1) can be realized. Degree angle connection.
- the four through holes 4 are stepped holes, and both are arranged in an outer large inner and a small.
- the larger diameter hole is the outer hole 4a
- the smaller diameter hole is the inner hole 4b
- the stepped hole outer hole 4a is for accommodating and positioning the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1) (see Figure 1)
- the inner hole 4b of the stepped hole is for receiving and passing through the inner conductor 9 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1) (see Fig. 1), so the present embodiment is advantageous for the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1). (See Figure 1) for positioning.
- the inner wall of the larger diameter hole in the stepped hole is provided with a metal layer 6, that is, a metal layer 6 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer hole 4a to facilitate the cable 10 (see FIG. 1).
- the outer conductor 8 (see Figure 1) is soldered and fixed.
- the insulative housing 1 is a rectangular box-shaped body, and the bottom surface of the insulative housing 1 is provided with an insulating portion 5, and the insulating portion 5 is formed by the bottom of the insulative housing 1. Extending outwards. Specifically, the insulating portion 5 is disposed integrally or partially along the bottom surface of the insulative housing 1. Since the surface of the insulating portion 5 has no metal layer, the RF connector is insulated from other objects, and the prior art is affected by vibration, the protective cover is easily detached, and the reliability is poor.
- the insulating portion 5 includes two, and the two insulating portions 5 are arranged in parallel and symmetrically.
- the above-mentioned insulating structure of the radio frequency connector is not limited to the above structure, and an insulating protective cover can be disposed outside the insulating body.
- the radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 8.
- This example is mainly described with reference to FIG. 7.
- the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is as follows:
- the RF connector is not provided with an inner conductive layer 3 (see Fig. 2).
- two or more inner conductors 9 of the connected cable 10 are soldered (see Fig. 9);
- the outer conductive layer 2 is along the insulating body 1
- the height direction is partially and approximately closed (see also FIG. 8);
- the four through holes 4 are all cylindrical holes, and the inner wall of the through hole 4 is provided with a metal 6. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
- the other is that: the metal layer 6 is not provided on the inner periphery of the through hole 4 (see FIG. 7), and the structure can also realize the basic connection function of the radio frequency connector. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
- the radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 11.
- the present embodiment is mainly described with reference to FIG. 10.
- the difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is:
- the inner wall of the outer hole 4a of the hole is not provided with a metal 6 (see Fig. 6), and this structure can also realize the basic connection function of the radio frequency connector. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
- the embodiment of the present invention binds energy between the outer conductive layer 2 and the inner conductive layer 3, and adjusts the distance between the outer conductive layer 2 and the inner conductive layer 3 on the same wall of the insulating body 1. Sensual, thus achieving the adjustment of standing waves.
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- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
Abstract
A radio frequency connector comprises an insulating main-body (1). A cavity (7) for accommodating the inner conductor (9) of a cable (10) is arranged inside the insulating main-body. The outside wall of the insulating main-body is wrapped with an external conductive layer (2) which can transmit signals. The external conductive layer is conductively connected with the external conductor (8) of the cable. The insulating main-body also has a through-hole (4) used for the cable to pass through. The radio frequency connector is easy to manufacture and install and has high production efficiency. The radio frequency connector is composed of one structure so that it is not easy to fall off and has high reliability.
Description
一种射频连接器 技术领域 RF connector technology field
本发明涉及射频领域, 特别涉及一种射频连接器。 The present invention relates to the field of radio frequency, and in particular to a radio frequency connector.
背景技术 Background technique
射频连接器 (俗称接线盒) 是一种传输线电气连接的元件, 通常用于同轴电缆的连接。 现有的射频连接器包括分体连接说的四个组件, 由内至外具体包括内导体接线盒、 内外 导体绝缘介质件、 外导体接线盒以及保护套, 各组件之间通过复杂的嵌合结构连接。 The RF connector (commonly known as the junction box) is a component that is electrically connected to the transmission line and is typically used for the connection of coaxial cables. The existing RF connector includes four components of the split connection, and includes an inner conductor junction box, an inner and outer conductor insulating dielectric member, an outer conductor junction box, and a protective cover from the inside to the outside, and complicated fitting between the components. Structural connection.
在实现本发明的过程中, 发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题: In the process of implementing the present invention, the inventors have found that the prior art has at least the following problems:
目前的接线盒包括四个组件, 组件数量较多, 且各组件采用复杂的嵌合结构连接, 故 书 The current junction box consists of four components, a large number of components, and each component is connected by a complex fitting structure.
导致每个组件结构复杂, 每个组件均存在加工难度加大, 加工成本昂贵的缺点, 并且四个 组件装配难度大, 导致生产效率低的缺点。 As a result, each component has a complicated structure, and each component has the disadvantages of increased processing difficulty and high processing cost, and the four components are difficult to assemble, resulting in low production efficiency.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
为了克服现有技术存在的上述缺陷, 本发明实施例提供了一种射频连接器。 所述技术 方案如下: In order to overcome the above drawbacks of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a radio frequency connector. The technical solution is as follows:
一种射频连接器, 所述射频连接器包括绝缘本体, 所述绝缘本体的内部设有空腔, 所 述空腔用于容纳被连接电缆的内导体, 所述绝缘本体的外壁包覆着可进行信号传递的外导 电层, 所述外导电层用于连通所述被连接电缆的外导体, 所述绝缘本体设有通孔, 所述通 孔用于供所述被连接电缆穿过。 An RF connector, the RF connector includes an insulative housing, the inside of the insulative housing is provided with a cavity, the cavity is for receiving an inner conductor of the connected cable, and an outer wall of the insulative housing is covered An outer conductive layer for signal transmission, the outer conductive layer is for communicating with an outer conductor of the connected cable, and the insulating body is provided with a through hole for allowing the connected cable to pass through.
本发明实施例提供的技术方案带来的有益效果是: 相比现有技术由四个组件组成构成 的接线盒, 本发明实施例通过一个绝缘本体, 沿所述绝缘本体外壁设置可进行信号传递的 外导电层, 以及通孔的简单结构, 实现了电缆的连接, 故本发明实施例具有易于加工, 加 工成本低, 装配难度小, 生产效率高的优点。 另外, 本发明实施例由一个结构件组成不易 脱落, 具有可靠性高的优点。 The technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the prior art, the junction box is composed of four components, and the embodiment of the present invention can provide signal transmission along the outer wall of the insulating body through an insulating body. The outer conductive layer and the simple structure of the through holes realize the connection of the cable, so the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of easy processing, low processing cost, small assembly difficulty, and high production efficiency. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention is composed of a structural member and is not easy to fall off, and has the advantages of high reliability.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图 1是本发明一实施例所述射频连接器与电缆的连接状态图; 1 is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 2是本发明一实施例所述射频连接器的立体图; 2 is a perspective view of a radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图 3是图 2的俯视图; Figure 3 is a plan view of Figure 2;
图 4是图 2的仰视图;
图 5是图 2沿 A-A线的剖视图; Figure 4 is a bottom view of Figure 2; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 2;
图 6是图 5中 B的放大图; Figure 6 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 5;
图 7是本发明另一实施例所述射频连接器的立体图; 7 is a perspective view of a radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention;
图 8是图 7的 C-C放大图; Figure 8 is an enlarged view of the C-C of Figure 7;
图 9是图 7中所示本发明另一实施例所述射频连接器与电缆的连接状态图; 9 is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7;
图 9a是本发明又一实施例所述射频连接器与电缆的连接状态图; 9a is a connection state diagram of a radio frequency connector and a cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
图 10是本发明再一实施例所述射频连接器的剖视图; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a radio frequency connector according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
图 11是图 10中所示本发明再一实施例所述射频连接器与电缆的连接状态图。 Figure 11 is a diagram showing the connection state of the RF connector and the cable according to still another embodiment of the present invention shown in Figure 10.
图中: 1绝缘本体, 2外导电层, 3内导电层, 4通孔, 4a外孔, 4b内孔, 5绝缘部, 6 金属层, 7空腔, 8外导体, 8a外导体绝缘层, 8b外导体层, 9内导体, 9a内导体绝缘层, In the figure: 1 Insulating body, 2 outer conductive layer, 3 inner conductive layer, 4 through holes, 4a outer hole, 4b inner hole, 5 insulating part, 6 metal layer, 7 cavity, 8 outer conductor, 8a outer conductor insulating layer , 8b outer conductor layer, 9 inner conductor, 9a inner conductor insulation layer,
9b内导体层, 10被连接电缆。 9b inner conductor layer, 10 is connected to the cable.
具体实施方式 detailed description
为使本发明的目的、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作 进一步地详细描述。 The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
本实施例所述被连接电缆, 以同轴电缆为例加以说明, 但不局限于此, 本实施例所述 被连接电缆可适用于所有含有内导体和外导体的电缆的连接。 所述被连接电缆结构如图 1 所示, 其中, 内导体 9包括内导体绝缘层 9a和内导体层 9b, 外导体 8包括外导体绝缘层 8a和外导体层 8b。 The cable to be connected in this embodiment is exemplified by a coaxial cable, but is not limited thereto. The cable to be connected in this embodiment can be applied to the connection of all cables including an inner conductor and an outer conductor. The connected cable structure is as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the inner conductor 9 includes an inner conductor insulating layer 9a and an inner conductor layer 9b, and the outer conductor 8 includes an outer conductor insulating layer 8a and an outer conductor layer 8b.
如图 1所示本发明一实施例所述的一种射频连接器, 还可参见图 3、 图 4及图 5, 本实 施例以图 1为主加以说明,所述射频连接器包括绝缘本体 1,绝缘本体 1的内部设有空腔 7, 空腔 7用于容纳被连接电缆 10的内导体 9, 绝缘本体 1的外壁包覆着可进行信号传递的外 导电层 2, 外导电层 2用于连通被连接电缆 10的外导体 8, 绝缘本体 1设有通孔 4 (参见图 2所示), 通孔 4 (参见图 2所示) 用于供被连接电缆 10穿过。 As shown in FIG. 1 , an RF connector according to an embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 . This embodiment is mainly described with reference to FIG. 1 , and the RF connector includes an insulative body. 1. The inside of the insulative housing 1 is provided with a cavity 7 for accommodating the inner conductor 9 of the cable 10 to be connected. The outer wall of the insulative housing 1 is covered with an outer conductive layer 2 for signal transmission, and the outer conductive layer 2 The outer conductor 8 for connecting the connected cable 10 is provided with a through hole 4 (shown in FIG. 2) for passing through the connected cable 10.
本发明实施例通过一个绝缘本体, 沿所述绝缘本体外壁设置可进行信号传递的外导电 层, 以及通孔的简单结构, 实现了电缆的连接, 故本发明实施例具有易于加工, 加工成本 低, 装配难度小, 生产效率高的优点。 另外, 本发明实施例由一个结构件组成不易脱落, 具有可靠性高的优点。 In the embodiment of the present invention, an external conductive layer capable of signal transmission is disposed along the outer wall of the insulating body, and a simple structure of the through hole is realized, thereby realizing the connection of the cable, so that the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of easy processing and low processing cost. , the assembly difficulty is small, and the production efficiency is high. In addition, the embodiment of the present invention is composed of one structural member and is not easy to fall off, and has the advantages of high reliability.
如图 2所示, 绝缘本体 1为的盒状体。 当然, 本领域技术人员可以理解, 绝缘本体 1 还可以是套状体, 如套筒等, 不限于盒状体。 本例中, 绝缘本体 1 为长方形的盒体, 故结 构简洁、 易于加工。 当然, 本领域普通技术人员可知, 绝缘本体 1 在满足接线功能的前提 下可以是任何形状的盒状体或套状体, 如圆形盒体或圆形套, 椭圆形盒体或椭圆形套, 正
方形盒体或方形套, 菱形盒体或菱形套等等。 其中, 绝缘本体 1 材料很多, 包括 PPS ( Polyphenylene sulfide , 聚苯硫醚,)、 PEI (Polyetherimide , 聚醚酰亚胺)、 ABS (Acrylonitri le Butadiene Styrene , 丙烯腈-苯乙烯 -丁二烯共聚物)、 PPE (聚苯醚)、 PA ( polyamide, 聚酰胺)、 POM ( Polyoxymethylene, 聚甲醛树脂)、 PS (聚苯乙烯)、 TPE (热塑性弹性体,橡塑)、 PBT ( polybutylece terephthalate , 聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯)、 LCP (液晶聚合物)、 SAN ( Styrene Acrylonitri le, 苯乙烯丙烯腈)、 PVC (聚氯乙烯)、 CP (聚碳酸酯)、 PE (聚乙烯)、 PP (聚丙烯)、 PMMA (聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)、 PC (Polycarbonate, 聚碳酸酯)、 PS0、 PES (聚醚砜)、 PVDF (偏氟乙烯)等等。 As shown in FIG. 2, the insulating body 1 is a box-shaped body. Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the insulative housing 1 can also be a sleeve body, such as a sleeve or the like, and is not limited to a box-shaped body. In this example, the insulative housing 1 is a rectangular box body, so that the structure is simple and easy to process. Of course, it will be known to those skilled in the art that the insulative housing 1 can be a box-shaped body or a sleeve of any shape, such as a circular box or a circular sleeve, an elliptical box or an elliptical sleeve, while satisfying the wiring function. Positive Square box or square sleeve, diamond box or diamond sleeve, etc. Among them, the insulating body 1 has many materials, including PPS (Polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene sulfide), PEI (Polyetherimide, polyetherimide), ABS (Acrylonitri le Butadiene Styrene, acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer). ), PPE (polyphenylene ether), PA (polyamide), POM (polyoxymethylene, acetal resin), PS (polystyrene), TPE (thermoplastic elastomer, rubber), PBT (polybutylece terephthalate, polypair) Butylene phthalate), LCP (liquid crystal polymer), SAN (Styrene Acrylonitri le, styrene acrylonitrile), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), CP (polycarbonate), PE (polyethylene), PP ( Polypropylene), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), PC (Polycarbonate, polycarbonate), PS0, PES (polyether sulfone), PVDF (vinylidene fluoride) and the like.
具体地, 如图 2所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 还可参见图 3、 图 4及图 5所 示, 本实施例以图 2为主加以说明, 本例中, 外导电层 2沿绝缘本体 1的外壁闭合设置。 本例中, 外导电层 2是沿着绝缘本体 1外壁的高度方向整体设置, 并沿绝缘本体 1的外壁 周缘整体包覆且闭合设置, 故具有易于加工的优点。 当然, 本领域普通技术人员可知, 参 见图 1, 外导电层 2在满足导通两个以上的电缆 10的外导体 8的条件下, 还可以是沿着绝 缘本体 1外壁的高度方向局部包覆并且闭合设置。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. 2, and the embodiment is mainly illustrated in FIG. 2, in this example, The conductive layer 2 is closed along the outer wall of the insulative housing 1. In this example, the outer conductive layer 2 is integrally disposed along the height direction of the outer wall of the insulating body 1, and is integrally covered and closed along the peripheral edge of the outer wall of the insulating body 1, so that it has an advantage of being easy to process. Of course, as is known to those skilled in the art, referring to FIG. 1, the outer conductive layer 2 may be partially covered along the height direction of the outer wall of the insulating body 1 under the condition that the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 is turned on. And close the setting.
或者, 外导电层 2在满足导通两个以上的电缆 10的外导体 8的条件下, 外导电层 2沿 绝缘本体 4的外壁近似闭合设置。参见图 7, 近似闭合设置是在绝缘本体 1的外壁的四个棱 线处, 将图 2中闭合的外导电层断开留出一定的间隙 (参见图 7), 最终形成近似闭合的外 导电层 2。 由于电磁波的耦合作用, 这样的近似闭合的外导电层 2也可以将两组电缆 10的 外导体 8 (参见图 9)导通。 需要说明的是, 本段仅仅是对闭合设置这一术语的示例性解释, 不表明图 7中的图形真的就是本发明所述射频连接器的剖视图。 Alternatively, the outer conductive layer 2 is approximately closed along the outer wall of the insulative body 4 under the condition that the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 is turned on. Referring to Fig. 7, the approximate closed arrangement is at the four ridges of the outer wall of the insulative housing 1, and the closed outer conductive layer of Fig. 2 is opened to leave a certain gap (see Fig. 7), which finally forms an approximately closed outer conductive. Layer 2. Due to the coupling of the electromagnetic waves, such an approximately closed outer conductive layer 2 can also conduct the outer conductors 8 (see Fig. 9) of the two sets of cables 10. It should be noted that this paragraph is merely an exemplary explanation of the term "closed arrangement", and does not indicate that the figure in Fig. 7 is really a cross-sectional view of the radio frequency connector of the present invention.
具体地, 如图 1所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 本例中, 外导电层 2优选为 外金属镀层或外金属涂层, 此结构便于与绝缘本体 1 组合成一个整体。 其中, 外导电层 2 优选通过在绝缘本体 1 的表面电镀工艺实现。 可以理解, 所述的外导电层 2也可以是通过 喷涂的方式将导电微粒涂覆与所述绝缘本体上, 其中导电微粒可以是金属微粒如铜、 铝、 合金或者非金属微粒如石墨微粒、 碳化硅等。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1 , the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this example, the outer conductive layer 2 is preferably an outer metal plating layer or an outer metal coating layer, and the structure is convenient for being integrated with the insulating body 1 . . The outer conductive layer 2 is preferably realized by a surface plating process on the insulating body 1. It can be understood that the outer conductive layer 2 may also be coated with conductive particles on the insulating body by spraying, wherein the conductive particles may be metal particles such as copper, aluminum, alloy or non-metal particles such as graphite particles. Silicon carbide, etc.
具体地, 如图 2所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 本例中, 绝缘本体 1 的内壁 包覆有可进行信号传递的内导电层 3, 内导电层 3用于连通被连接电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的内 导体 9 (参见图 1 ), 内导电层 9 (参见图 1 ) 与外导电层 2通过绝缘本体 1相绝缘。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this example, the inner wall of the insulative housing 1 is covered with an inner conductive layer 3 for signal transmission, and the inner conductive layer 3 is used for communication. Connecting the inner conductor 9 (see Fig. 1) of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1), the inner conductive layer 9 (see Fig. 1) is insulated from the outer conductive layer 2 by the insulating body 1.
本例中, 内导电层 3沿绝缘本体 1的内壁闭合设置。 In this example, the inner conductive layer 3 is closed along the inner wall of the insulative housing 1.
当然, 本领域普通技术人员可知, 内导电层 3在满足导通两个以上的电缆 10的内导体 Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inner conductive layer 3 satisfies the inner conductor of the cable 10 that conducts more than two.
9的条件下, 内导电层 3沿所述绝缘本体 1的内壁近似闭合设置。
具体地, 本例中, 内导电层 3 优选为内金属镀层或内金属涂层, 本例中, 内导电层 3 优先采用电镀加工, 故具有易加工的优点。 Under the condition of 9, the inner conductive layer 3 is approximately closed along the inner wall of the insulative housing 1. Specifically, in this example, the inner conductive layer 3 is preferably an inner metal plating layer or an inner metal coating layer. In this example, the inner conductive layer 3 is preferentially plated, so that it has the advantage of easy processing.
具体地, 如图 5所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 通孔 4的数量为四个, 并且 分为两组对称的设置于绝缘本体 1的相对壁上, 故实现了电缆 10的直线连接。 当然, 本领 域普通技术人员可知, 通孔 4 的数量还可以是两个、 三个、 六个等两个以上的数量, 两个 以上的通孔 4还可以设置在绝缘本体 1的相邻壁上, 从而实现电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的带角 度连接。 例如, 将图 4中的任一组中的两个通孔 4, 分别设置在长方形绝缘本体 1的任意的 两个相邻壁上, 即可实现两组电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的九十度角度连接。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention has four through holes 4, and is divided into two groups symmetrically disposed on opposite walls of the insulative housing 1, so that the cable is realized. 10 straight lines. Of course, those skilled in the art can know that the number of the through holes 4 can also be two, three, six or the like, and two or more through holes 4 can also be disposed on the adjacent wall of the insulating body 1. Upper, thereby achieving an angular connection of the cable 10 (see Figure 1). For example, if two through holes 4 in any one of the groups in FIG. 4 are respectively disposed on any two adjacent walls of the rectangular insulative housing 1, two sets of cables 10 (see FIG. 1) can be realized. Degree angle connection.
进一步地, 如图 5所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 四个通孔 4均为阶梯孔, 并且均呈外大内小设置。本例中, 直径较大的孔为外孔 4a, 直径较小的孔为内孔 4b, 其中, 阶梯孔的外孔 4a用于容纳并定位电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的外导体 8 (参见图 1 ), 阶梯孔的内 孔 4b用于容纳并穿过电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的内导体 9 (参见图 1 ), 因此本实施例更利于电 缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的外导体 8 (参见图 1 ) 的定位。 Further, as shown in FIG. 5, in the radio frequency connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, the four through holes 4 are stepped holes, and both are arranged in an outer large inner and a small. In this example, the larger diameter hole is the outer hole 4a, and the smaller diameter hole is the inner hole 4b, wherein the stepped hole outer hole 4a is for accommodating and positioning the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1) (see Figure 1), the inner hole 4b of the stepped hole is for receiving and passing through the inner conductor 9 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1) (see Fig. 1), so the present embodiment is advantageous for the outer conductor 8 of the cable 10 (see Fig. 1). (See Figure 1) for positioning.
进一步地, 如图 6所示的放大图, 阶梯孔中较大直径孔的内壁周缘均设有金属层 6, 即 在外孔 4a的内壁周缘均设有金属层 6, 便于电缆 10 (参见图 1 ) 的外导体 8 (参见图 1 ) 的 焊接固定。 Further, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 6, the inner wall of the larger diameter hole in the stepped hole is provided with a metal layer 6, that is, a metal layer 6 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer hole 4a to facilitate the cable 10 (see FIG. 1). The outer conductor 8 (see Figure 1) is soldered and fixed.
进一步地, 如图 3所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 绝缘本体 1为长方形的盒 状体, 绝缘本体 1的底面设有绝缘部 5, 绝缘部 5由绝缘本体 1的底面向外延伸而成。 具体 地, 绝缘部 5沿绝缘本体 1的底面的整体或局部设置。 由于绝缘部 5的表面无金属层, 从 而实现了所述射频连接器与其他物体的绝缘, 并解决了现有技术受振动影响, 保护套容易 脱落, 可靠性差的问题。 Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the insulative housing 1 is a rectangular box-shaped body, and the bottom surface of the insulative housing 1 is provided with an insulating portion 5, and the insulating portion 5 is formed by the bottom of the insulative housing 1. Extending outwards. Specifically, the insulating portion 5 is disposed integrally or partially along the bottom surface of the insulative housing 1. Since the surface of the insulating portion 5 has no metal layer, the RF connector is insulated from other objects, and the prior art is affected by vibration, the protective cover is easily detached, and the reliability is poor.
具体地, 如图 3所示本发明一实施例所述的射频连接器, 本例中, 绝缘部 5包括两个, 两个绝缘部 5平行且对称设置。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the RF connector according to an embodiment of the present invention, in this example, the insulating portion 5 includes two, and the two insulating portions 5 are arranged in parallel and symmetrically.
当然, 本领域技术人员可以理解, 所述射频连接器的上述绝缘结构不限于上述结构, 还可以通过在所述绝缘本体的外部设置绝缘保护套。 Of course, those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned insulating structure of the radio frequency connector is not limited to the above structure, and an insulating protective cover can be disposed outside the insulating body.
如图 7所示本发明另一实施例所述的射频连接器, 还可参见图 8, 本例以图 7为主加以 说明, 本实施例与图 2中所述实施例的区别在于: 所述射频连接器不设有内导电层 3 (参见 图 2), 本例中, 两个以上被连接电缆 10的内导体 9通过焊锡焊接(参见图 9); 外导电层 2 是沿绝缘本体 1高度方向局部并近似闭合设置 (还可参见图 8 ); 四个通孔 4均为圆柱孔, 通孔 4的内壁周缘设有金属 6。 其余为相同之处, 本例不再赘述。 As shown in FIG. 7, the radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 8. This example is mainly described with reference to FIG. 7. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is as follows: The RF connector is not provided with an inner conductive layer 3 (see Fig. 2). In this example, two or more inner conductors 9 of the connected cable 10 are soldered (see Fig. 9); the outer conductive layer 2 is along the insulating body 1 The height direction is partially and approximately closed (see also FIG. 8); the four through holes 4 are all cylindrical holes, and the inner wall of the through hole 4 is provided with a metal 6. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
如图 9a所示本发明又一实施例所述的射频连接器, 本实施例与图 7中所述实施例的区
别在于: 通孔 4内壁周缘没有设置金属层 6 (参见图 7所示), 此结构同样可实现所述射频 连接器的基本连接功能。 其余为相同之处, 本例不再赘述。 The radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention as shown in FIG. 9a, the embodiment and the area of the embodiment described in FIG. The other is that: the metal layer 6 is not provided on the inner periphery of the through hole 4 (see FIG. 7), and the structure can also realize the basic connection function of the radio frequency connector. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
如图 10所示本发明再一实施例所述的射频连接器, 还可参见图 11, 本例以图 10为主 加以说明, 本实施例与图 1中所述实施例的区别在于: 阶梯孔的外孔 4a的内壁周缘没有设 置金属 6 (参见图 6所示), 此结构同样可实现所述射频连接器的基本连接功能。 其余为相 同之处, 本例不再赘述。 As shown in FIG. 10, the radio frequency connector according to another embodiment of the present invention can also be seen in FIG. 11. The present embodiment is mainly described with reference to FIG. 10. The difference between this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is: The inner wall of the outer hole 4a of the hole is not provided with a metal 6 (see Fig. 6), and this structure can also realize the basic connection function of the radio frequency connector. The rest are the same, and will not be repeated in this example.
参见图 1所示, 本发明实施例把能量束缚在外导电层 2和内导电层 3之间, 调整绝缘 本体 1 同一壁上外导电层 2和内导电层 3之间的距离, 可以调整容或感性, 从而实现驻波 的调整。 Referring to FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present invention binds energy between the outer conductive layer 2 and the inner conductive layer 3, and adjusts the distance between the outer conductive layer 2 and the inner conductive layer 3 on the same wall of the insulating body 1. Sensual, thus achieving the adjustment of standing waves.
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例, 并不用以限制本发明, 凡在本发明的精神和原则 之内, 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等, 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., which are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.
Claims
1、 一种射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述射频连接器包括绝缘本体, 所述绝缘本体的内部 设有空腔, 所述空腔用于容纳被连接电缆的内导体, 所述绝缘本体的外壁包覆着可进行信号 传递的外导电层, 所述外导电层用于连通所述被连接电缆的外导体, 所述绝缘本体设有通孔, 所述通孔用于供所述被连接电缆穿过。 An RF connector, the RF connector includes an insulative housing, the inside of the insulative housing is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is configured to receive an inner conductor of the connected cable, the insulative body The outer wall is coated with an outer conductive layer for signal transmission, the outer conductive layer is for connecting the outer conductor of the connected cable, and the insulating body is provided with a through hole for the said Connect the cable through.
2、 如权利要求 1所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述外导电层沿所述绝缘本体的外壁 闭合设置。 2. The RF connector of claim 1, wherein the outer conductive layer is closed along an outer wall of the insulative housing.
3、 如权利要求 1所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述外导电层沿所述绝缘本体的外壁 近似闭合设置。 3. The radio frequency connector according to claim 1, wherein the outer conductive layer is approximately closed along an outer wall of the insulative housing.
4、 如权利要求 1-3任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述绝缘本体的内 壁包覆有可进行信号传递的内导电层,所述内导电层用于连通所述被连接电缆的所述内导体, 所述内导电层与所述外导电层通过所述绝缘本体相绝缘。 The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inner wall of the insulative housing is coated with an inner conductive layer capable of signal transmission, and the inner conductive layer is used for communication. The inner conductor of the connected cable, the inner conductive layer and the outer conductive layer are insulated by the insulating body.
5、 如权利要求 4所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述内导电层沿所述绝缘本体的内壁 闭合设置。 The radio frequency connector according to claim 4, wherein the inner conductive layer is closed along an inner wall of the insulative housing.
6、 如权利要求 4所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述内导电层沿所述绝缘本体的内壁 近似闭合设置。 The radio frequency connector according to claim 4, wherein the inner conductive layer is approximately closed along an inner wall of the insulative housing.
7、 如权利要求 1-3任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述被连接电缆的 所述内导体焊接连接。 The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inner conductor of the connected cable is soldered.
8、如权利要求 1-7任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器,其特征在于,所述通孔为阶梯孔, 所述阶梯孔均呈外大内小设置。 The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the through hole is a stepped hole, and the stepped holes are all arranged in an outer large inner and a small.
9、 如权利要求 8所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述阶梯孔中较大直径孔的内壁周缘 设有金属层。 The radio frequency connector according to claim 8, wherein a periphery of an inner wall of the larger diameter hole in the stepped hole is provided with a metal layer.
10、 如权利要求 1-9任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述绝缘本体为 盒状体, 所述绝缘本体的底面设有绝缘部, 所述绝缘部由所述绝缘本体的底面向外延伸而成。 The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the insulative housing is a box-shaped body, and the bottom surface of the insulative housing is provided with an insulating portion, and the insulating portion is provided by The bottom surface of the insulating body extends outward.
11、 如权利要求 10所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述绝缘部沿所述绝缘本体的底面 的整体或局部设置。 The radio frequency connector according to claim 10, wherein the insulating portion is disposed integrally or partially along a bottom surface of the insulative housing.
12、 如权利要求 1-9任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述射频连接器 的外部设有绝缘保护套。 The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an outer surface of the radio frequency connector is provided with an insulating protective cover.
13、 如权利要求 1-12任一项权利要求所述的射频连接器, 其特征在于, 所述绝缘本体为 长方形, 所述通孔为四个并分为两组对称的设置于所述绝缘本体的相对壁上 < The radio frequency connector according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the insulating body is a rectangular shape, the through holes are four and are symmetrically disposed on opposite walls of the insulating body.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CN2011/074584 WO2011127864A2 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Radio frequency connector |
CN201180000651.5A CN102204016B (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | RF connector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CN2011/074584 WO2011127864A2 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Radio frequency connector |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2011127864A2 true WO2011127864A2 (en) | 2011-10-20 |
WO2011127864A3 WO2011127864A3 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
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Family Applications (1)
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PCT/CN2011/074584 WO2011127864A2 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Radio frequency connector |
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CN (1) | CN102204016B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2011127864A2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2963738A1 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-06 | Alcatel- Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd | Co-axial cable connector |
WO2021257363A1 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | Corning Optical Communications Rf Llc | Coaxial blindmate connectors and methods for using the same |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106972330B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2023-05-09 | 陕西华达科技股份有限公司 | Bent high-voltage-resistant radio frequency coaxial connector structure |
CN112271469A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-01-26 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Coaxial cable connecting device and coaxial cable connecting method |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6146197A (en) * | 1998-02-28 | 2000-11-14 | Holliday; Randall A. | Watertight end connector for coaxial cable |
CN201576781U (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Connector, circuit board with same and circuit board connecting structure |
CN101834381A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-09-15 | Jst公司 | The electric connector of sealed and ground connection with and assembly |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN201498822U (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2010-06-02 | 西安艾力特电子实业有限公司 | Radio frequency integrated connector |
-
2011
- 2011-05-24 WO PCT/CN2011/074584 patent/WO2011127864A2/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-24 CN CN201180000651.5A patent/CN102204016B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6146197A (en) * | 1998-02-28 | 2000-11-14 | Holliday; Randall A. | Watertight end connector for coaxial cable |
CN101834381A (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-09-15 | Jst公司 | The electric connector of sealed and ground connection with and assembly |
CN201576781U (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2010-09-08 | 华为技术有限公司 | Connector, circuit board with same and circuit board connecting structure |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2963738A1 (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-06 | Alcatel- Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd | Co-axial cable connector |
WO2021257363A1 (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-23 | Corning Optical Communications Rf Llc | Coaxial blindmate connectors and methods for using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102204016B (en) | 2013-10-09 |
CN102204016A (en) | 2011-09-28 |
WO2011127864A3 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
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